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v6.8
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2/*
   3 * (C) 1997 Linus Torvalds
   4 * (C) 1999 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> (dynamic inode allocation)
   5 */
   6#include <linux/export.h>
   7#include <linux/fs.h>
   8#include <linux/filelock.h>
   9#include <linux/mm.h>
  10#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
  11#include <linux/hash.h>
  12#include <linux/swap.h>
  13#include <linux/security.h>
  14#include <linux/cdev.h>
  15#include <linux/memblock.h>
  16#include <linux/fsnotify.h>
  17#include <linux/mount.h>
  18#include <linux/posix_acl.h>
  19#include <linux/buffer_head.h> /* for inode_has_buffers */
  20#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
  21#include <linux/list_lru.h>
  22#include <linux/iversion.h>
 
  23#include <trace/events/writeback.h>
  24#include "internal.h"
  25
  26/*
  27 * Inode locking rules:
  28 *
  29 * inode->i_lock protects:
  30 *   inode->i_state, inode->i_hash, __iget(), inode->i_io_list
  31 * Inode LRU list locks protect:
  32 *   inode->i_sb->s_inode_lru, inode->i_lru
  33 * inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock protects:
  34 *   inode->i_sb->s_inodes, inode->i_sb_list
  35 * bdi->wb.list_lock protects:
  36 *   bdi->wb.b_{dirty,io,more_io,dirty_time}, inode->i_io_list
  37 * inode_hash_lock protects:
  38 *   inode_hashtable, inode->i_hash
  39 *
  40 * Lock ordering:
  41 *
  42 * inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock
  43 *   inode->i_lock
  44 *     Inode LRU list locks
  45 *
  46 * bdi->wb.list_lock
  47 *   inode->i_lock
  48 *
  49 * inode_hash_lock
  50 *   inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock
  51 *   inode->i_lock
  52 *
  53 * iunique_lock
  54 *   inode_hash_lock
  55 */
  56
  57static unsigned int i_hash_mask __ro_after_init;
  58static unsigned int i_hash_shift __ro_after_init;
  59static struct hlist_head *inode_hashtable __ro_after_init;
  60static __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(inode_hash_lock);
  61
  62/*
  63 * Empty aops. Can be used for the cases where the user does not
  64 * define any of the address_space operations.
  65 */
  66const struct address_space_operations empty_aops = {
  67};
  68EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_aops);
  69
  70static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, nr_inodes);
  71static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, nr_unused);
  72
  73static struct kmem_cache *inode_cachep __ro_after_init;
  74
  75static long get_nr_inodes(void)
  76{
  77	int i;
  78	long sum = 0;
  79	for_each_possible_cpu(i)
  80		sum += per_cpu(nr_inodes, i);
  81	return sum < 0 ? 0 : sum;
  82}
  83
  84static inline long get_nr_inodes_unused(void)
  85{
  86	int i;
  87	long sum = 0;
  88	for_each_possible_cpu(i)
  89		sum += per_cpu(nr_unused, i);
  90	return sum < 0 ? 0 : sum;
  91}
  92
  93long get_nr_dirty_inodes(void)
  94{
  95	/* not actually dirty inodes, but a wild approximation */
  96	long nr_dirty = get_nr_inodes() - get_nr_inodes_unused();
  97	return nr_dirty > 0 ? nr_dirty : 0;
  98}
  99
 100/*
 101 * Handle nr_inode sysctl
 102 */
 103#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
 104/*
 105 * Statistics gathering..
 106 */
 107static struct inodes_stat_t inodes_stat;
 108
 109static int proc_nr_inodes(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void *buffer,
 110			  size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
 111{
 112	inodes_stat.nr_inodes = get_nr_inodes();
 113	inodes_stat.nr_unused = get_nr_inodes_unused();
 114	return proc_doulongvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
 115}
 116
 117static struct ctl_table inodes_sysctls[] = {
 118	{
 119		.procname	= "inode-nr",
 120		.data		= &inodes_stat,
 121		.maxlen		= 2*sizeof(long),
 122		.mode		= 0444,
 123		.proc_handler	= proc_nr_inodes,
 124	},
 125	{
 126		.procname	= "inode-state",
 127		.data		= &inodes_stat,
 128		.maxlen		= 7*sizeof(long),
 129		.mode		= 0444,
 130		.proc_handler	= proc_nr_inodes,
 131	},
 132};
 133
 134static int __init init_fs_inode_sysctls(void)
 135{
 136	register_sysctl_init("fs", inodes_sysctls);
 137	return 0;
 138}
 139early_initcall(init_fs_inode_sysctls);
 140#endif
 141
 142static int no_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 143{
 144	return -ENXIO;
 145}
 146
 147/**
 148 * inode_init_always - perform inode structure initialisation
 149 * @sb: superblock inode belongs to
 150 * @inode: inode to initialise
 151 *
 152 * These are initializations that need to be done on every inode
 153 * allocation as the fields are not initialised by slab allocation.
 154 */
 155int inode_init_always(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *inode)
 156{
 157	static const struct inode_operations empty_iops;
 158	static const struct file_operations no_open_fops = {.open = no_open};
 159	struct address_space *const mapping = &inode->i_data;
 160
 161	inode->i_sb = sb;
 162	inode->i_blkbits = sb->s_blocksize_bits;
 163	inode->i_flags = 0;
 164	atomic64_set(&inode->i_sequence, 0);
 165	atomic_set(&inode->i_count, 1);
 166	inode->i_op = &empty_iops;
 167	inode->i_fop = &no_open_fops;
 168	inode->i_ino = 0;
 169	inode->__i_nlink = 1;
 170	inode->i_opflags = 0;
 171	if (sb->s_xattr)
 172		inode->i_opflags |= IOP_XATTR;
 173	i_uid_write(inode, 0);
 174	i_gid_write(inode, 0);
 175	atomic_set(&inode->i_writecount, 0);
 176	inode->i_size = 0;
 177	inode->i_write_hint = WRITE_LIFE_NOT_SET;
 178	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 179	inode->i_bytes = 0;
 180	inode->i_generation = 0;
 181	inode->i_pipe = NULL;
 182	inode->i_cdev = NULL;
 183	inode->i_link = NULL;
 184	inode->i_dir_seq = 0;
 185	inode->i_rdev = 0;
 186	inode->dirtied_when = 0;
 187
 188#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK
 189	inode->i_wb_frn_winner = 0;
 190	inode->i_wb_frn_avg_time = 0;
 191	inode->i_wb_frn_history = 0;
 192#endif
 193
 194	spin_lock_init(&inode->i_lock);
 195	lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_lock, &sb->s_type->i_lock_key);
 196
 197	init_rwsem(&inode->i_rwsem);
 198	lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_rwsem, &sb->s_type->i_mutex_key);
 199
 200	atomic_set(&inode->i_dio_count, 0);
 201
 202	mapping->a_ops = &empty_aops;
 203	mapping->host = inode;
 204	mapping->flags = 0;
 205	mapping->wb_err = 0;
 206	atomic_set(&mapping->i_mmap_writable, 0);
 207#ifdef CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS
 208	atomic_set(&mapping->nr_thps, 0);
 209#endif
 210	mapping_set_gfp_mask(mapping, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE);
 211	mapping->i_private_data = NULL;
 212	mapping->writeback_index = 0;
 213	init_rwsem(&mapping->invalidate_lock);
 214	lockdep_set_class_and_name(&mapping->invalidate_lock,
 215				   &sb->s_type->invalidate_lock_key,
 216				   "mapping.invalidate_lock");
 217	if (sb->s_iflags & SB_I_STABLE_WRITES)
 218		mapping_set_stable_writes(mapping);
 219	inode->i_private = NULL;
 220	inode->i_mapping = mapping;
 221	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&inode->i_dentry);	/* buggered by rcu freeing */
 222#ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL
 223	inode->i_acl = inode->i_default_acl = ACL_NOT_CACHED;
 224#endif
 225
 226#ifdef CONFIG_FSNOTIFY
 227	inode->i_fsnotify_mask = 0;
 228#endif
 229	inode->i_flctx = NULL;
 230
 231	if (unlikely(security_inode_alloc(inode)))
 232		return -ENOMEM;
 233	this_cpu_inc(nr_inodes);
 234
 235	return 0;
 236}
 237EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_always);
 238
 239void free_inode_nonrcu(struct inode *inode)
 240{
 241	kmem_cache_free(inode_cachep, inode);
 242}
 243EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_inode_nonrcu);
 244
 245static void i_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
 246{
 247	struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu);
 248	if (inode->free_inode)
 249		inode->free_inode(inode);
 250	else
 251		free_inode_nonrcu(inode);
 252}
 253
 254static struct inode *alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
 255{
 256	const struct super_operations *ops = sb->s_op;
 257	struct inode *inode;
 258
 259	if (ops->alloc_inode)
 260		inode = ops->alloc_inode(sb);
 261	else
 262		inode = alloc_inode_sb(sb, inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
 263
 264	if (!inode)
 265		return NULL;
 266
 267	if (unlikely(inode_init_always(sb, inode))) {
 268		if (ops->destroy_inode) {
 269			ops->destroy_inode(inode);
 270			if (!ops->free_inode)
 271				return NULL;
 272		}
 273		inode->free_inode = ops->free_inode;
 274		i_callback(&inode->i_rcu);
 275		return NULL;
 276	}
 277
 278	return inode;
 279}
 280
 281void __destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
 282{
 283	BUG_ON(inode_has_buffers(inode));
 284	inode_detach_wb(inode);
 285	security_inode_free(inode);
 286	fsnotify_inode_delete(inode);
 287	locks_free_lock_context(inode);
 288	if (!inode->i_nlink) {
 289		WARN_ON(atomic_long_read(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count) == 0);
 290		atomic_long_dec(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 291	}
 292
 293#ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL
 294	if (inode->i_acl && !is_uncached_acl(inode->i_acl))
 295		posix_acl_release(inode->i_acl);
 296	if (inode->i_default_acl && !is_uncached_acl(inode->i_default_acl))
 297		posix_acl_release(inode->i_default_acl);
 298#endif
 299	this_cpu_dec(nr_inodes);
 300}
 301EXPORT_SYMBOL(__destroy_inode);
 302
 303static void destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
 304{
 305	const struct super_operations *ops = inode->i_sb->s_op;
 306
 307	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_lru));
 308	__destroy_inode(inode);
 309	if (ops->destroy_inode) {
 310		ops->destroy_inode(inode);
 311		if (!ops->free_inode)
 312			return;
 313	}
 314	inode->free_inode = ops->free_inode;
 315	call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, i_callback);
 316}
 317
 318/**
 319 * drop_nlink - directly drop an inode's link count
 320 * @inode: inode
 321 *
 322 * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
 323 * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.  In cases
 324 * where we are attempting to track writes to the
 325 * filesystem, a decrement to zero means an imminent
 326 * write when the file is truncated and actually unlinked
 327 * on the filesystem.
 328 */
 329void drop_nlink(struct inode *inode)
 330{
 331	WARN_ON(inode->i_nlink == 0);
 332	inode->__i_nlink--;
 333	if (!inode->i_nlink)
 334		atomic_long_inc(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 335}
 336EXPORT_SYMBOL(drop_nlink);
 337
 338/**
 339 * clear_nlink - directly zero an inode's link count
 340 * @inode: inode
 341 *
 342 * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
 343 * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.  See
 344 * drop_nlink() for why we care about i_nlink hitting zero.
 345 */
 346void clear_nlink(struct inode *inode)
 347{
 348	if (inode->i_nlink) {
 349		inode->__i_nlink = 0;
 350		atomic_long_inc(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 351	}
 352}
 353EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_nlink);
 354
 355/**
 356 * set_nlink - directly set an inode's link count
 357 * @inode: inode
 358 * @nlink: new nlink (should be non-zero)
 359 *
 360 * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
 361 * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.
 362 */
 363void set_nlink(struct inode *inode, unsigned int nlink)
 364{
 365	if (!nlink) {
 366		clear_nlink(inode);
 367	} else {
 368		/* Yes, some filesystems do change nlink from zero to one */
 369		if (inode->i_nlink == 0)
 370			atomic_long_dec(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 371
 372		inode->__i_nlink = nlink;
 373	}
 374}
 375EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_nlink);
 376
 377/**
 378 * inc_nlink - directly increment an inode's link count
 379 * @inode: inode
 380 *
 381 * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
 382 * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.  Currently,
 383 * it is only here for parity with dec_nlink().
 384 */
 385void inc_nlink(struct inode *inode)
 386{
 387	if (unlikely(inode->i_nlink == 0)) {
 388		WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_LINKABLE));
 389		atomic_long_dec(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 390	}
 391
 392	inode->__i_nlink++;
 393}
 394EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_nlink);
 395
 396static void __address_space_init_once(struct address_space *mapping)
 397{
 398	xa_init_flags(&mapping->i_pages, XA_FLAGS_LOCK_IRQ | XA_FLAGS_ACCOUNT);
 399	init_rwsem(&mapping->i_mmap_rwsem);
 400	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mapping->i_private_list);
 401	spin_lock_init(&mapping->i_private_lock);
 402	mapping->i_mmap = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
 403}
 404
 405void address_space_init_once(struct address_space *mapping)
 406{
 407	memset(mapping, 0, sizeof(*mapping));
 408	__address_space_init_once(mapping);
 409}
 410EXPORT_SYMBOL(address_space_init_once);
 411
 412/*
 413 * These are initializations that only need to be done
 414 * once, because the fields are idempotent across use
 415 * of the inode, so let the slab aware of that.
 416 */
 417void inode_init_once(struct inode *inode)
 418{
 419	memset(inode, 0, sizeof(*inode));
 420	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&inode->i_hash);
 421	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_devices);
 422	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_io_list);
 423	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_wb_list);
 424	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_lru);
 425	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_sb_list);
 426	__address_space_init_once(&inode->i_data);
 427	i_size_ordered_init(inode);
 428}
 429EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_once);
 430
 431static void init_once(void *foo)
 432{
 433	struct inode *inode = (struct inode *) foo;
 434
 435	inode_init_once(inode);
 436}
 437
 438/*
 439 * inode->i_lock must be held
 440 */
 441void __iget(struct inode *inode)
 442{
 443	atomic_inc(&inode->i_count);
 444}
 445
 446/*
 447 * get additional reference to inode; caller must already hold one.
 448 */
 449void ihold(struct inode *inode)
 450{
 451	WARN_ON(atomic_inc_return(&inode->i_count) < 2);
 452}
 453EXPORT_SYMBOL(ihold);
 454
 455static void __inode_add_lru(struct inode *inode, bool rotate)
 456{
 457	if (inode->i_state & (I_DIRTY_ALL | I_SYNC | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE))
 458		return;
 459	if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count))
 460		return;
 461	if (!(inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE))
 462		return;
 463	if (!mapping_shrinkable(&inode->i_data))
 464		return;
 465
 466	if (list_lru_add_obj(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_lru, &inode->i_lru))
 467		this_cpu_inc(nr_unused);
 468	else if (rotate)
 469		inode->i_state |= I_REFERENCED;
 470}
 471
 472/*
 473 * Add inode to LRU if needed (inode is unused and clean).
 474 *
 475 * Needs inode->i_lock held.
 476 */
 477void inode_add_lru(struct inode *inode)
 478{
 479	__inode_add_lru(inode, false);
 480}
 481
 482static void inode_lru_list_del(struct inode *inode)
 483{
 484	if (list_lru_del_obj(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_lru, &inode->i_lru))
 485		this_cpu_dec(nr_unused);
 486}
 487
 488/**
 489 * inode_sb_list_add - add inode to the superblock list of inodes
 490 * @inode: inode to add
 491 */
 492void inode_sb_list_add(struct inode *inode)
 493{
 494	spin_lock(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 495	list_add(&inode->i_sb_list, &inode->i_sb->s_inodes);
 496	spin_unlock(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 497}
 498EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inode_sb_list_add);
 499
 500static inline void inode_sb_list_del(struct inode *inode)
 501{
 502	if (!list_empty(&inode->i_sb_list)) {
 503		spin_lock(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 504		list_del_init(&inode->i_sb_list);
 505		spin_unlock(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 506	}
 507}
 508
 509static unsigned long hash(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval)
 510{
 511	unsigned long tmp;
 512
 513	tmp = (hashval * (unsigned long)sb) ^ (GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME + hashval) /
 514			L1_CACHE_BYTES;
 515	tmp = tmp ^ ((tmp ^ GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME) >> i_hash_shift);
 516	return tmp & i_hash_mask;
 517}
 518
 519/**
 520 *	__insert_inode_hash - hash an inode
 521 *	@inode: unhashed inode
 522 *	@hashval: unsigned long value used to locate this object in the
 523 *		inode_hashtable.
 524 *
 525 *	Add an inode to the inode hash for this superblock.
 526 */
 527void __insert_inode_hash(struct inode *inode, unsigned long hashval)
 528{
 529	struct hlist_head *b = inode_hashtable + hash(inode->i_sb, hashval);
 530
 531	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
 532	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 533	hlist_add_head_rcu(&inode->i_hash, b);
 534	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 535	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
 536}
 537EXPORT_SYMBOL(__insert_inode_hash);
 538
 539/**
 540 *	__remove_inode_hash - remove an inode from the hash
 541 *	@inode: inode to unhash
 542 *
 543 *	Remove an inode from the superblock.
 544 */
 545void __remove_inode_hash(struct inode *inode)
 546{
 547	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
 548	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 549	hlist_del_init_rcu(&inode->i_hash);
 550	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 551	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
 552}
 553EXPORT_SYMBOL(__remove_inode_hash);
 554
 555void dump_mapping(const struct address_space *mapping)
 556{
 557	struct inode *host;
 558	const struct address_space_operations *a_ops;
 559	struct hlist_node *dentry_first;
 560	struct dentry *dentry_ptr;
 561	struct dentry dentry;
 562	unsigned long ino;
 563
 564	/*
 565	 * If mapping is an invalid pointer, we don't want to crash
 566	 * accessing it, so probe everything depending on it carefully.
 567	 */
 568	if (get_kernel_nofault(host, &mapping->host) ||
 569	    get_kernel_nofault(a_ops, &mapping->a_ops)) {
 570		pr_warn("invalid mapping:%px\n", mapping);
 571		return;
 572	}
 573
 574	if (!host) {
 575		pr_warn("aops:%ps\n", a_ops);
 576		return;
 577	}
 578
 579	if (get_kernel_nofault(dentry_first, &host->i_dentry.first) ||
 580	    get_kernel_nofault(ino, &host->i_ino)) {
 581		pr_warn("aops:%ps invalid inode:%px\n", a_ops, host);
 582		return;
 583	}
 584
 585	if (!dentry_first) {
 586		pr_warn("aops:%ps ino:%lx\n", a_ops, ino);
 587		return;
 588	}
 589
 590	dentry_ptr = container_of(dentry_first, struct dentry, d_u.d_alias);
 591	if (get_kernel_nofault(dentry, dentry_ptr)) {
 
 592		pr_warn("aops:%ps ino:%lx invalid dentry:%px\n",
 593				a_ops, ino, dentry_ptr);
 594		return;
 595	}
 596
 597	/*
 598	 * if dentry is corrupted, the %pd handler may still crash,
 599	 * but it's unlikely that we reach here with a corrupt mapping
 600	 */
 601	pr_warn("aops:%ps ino:%lx dentry name:\"%pd\"\n", a_ops, ino, &dentry);
 602}
 603
 604void clear_inode(struct inode *inode)
 605{
 606	/*
 607	 * We have to cycle the i_pages lock here because reclaim can be in the
 608	 * process of removing the last page (in __filemap_remove_folio())
 609	 * and we must not free the mapping under it.
 610	 */
 611	xa_lock_irq(&inode->i_data.i_pages);
 612	BUG_ON(inode->i_data.nrpages);
 613	/*
 614	 * Almost always, mapping_empty(&inode->i_data) here; but there are
 615	 * two known and long-standing ways in which nodes may get left behind
 616	 * (when deep radix-tree node allocation failed partway; or when THP
 617	 * collapse_file() failed). Until those two known cases are cleaned up,
 618	 * or a cleanup function is called here, do not BUG_ON(!mapping_empty),
 619	 * nor even WARN_ON(!mapping_empty).
 620	 */
 621	xa_unlock_irq(&inode->i_data.i_pages);
 622	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_data.i_private_list));
 623	BUG_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_FREEING));
 624	BUG_ON(inode->i_state & I_CLEAR);
 625	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_wb_list));
 626	/* don't need i_lock here, no concurrent mods to i_state */
 627	inode->i_state = I_FREEING | I_CLEAR;
 628}
 629EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_inode);
 630
 631/*
 632 * Free the inode passed in, removing it from the lists it is still connected
 633 * to. We remove any pages still attached to the inode and wait for any IO that
 634 * is still in progress before finally destroying the inode.
 635 *
 636 * An inode must already be marked I_FREEING so that we avoid the inode being
 637 * moved back onto lists if we race with other code that manipulates the lists
 638 * (e.g. writeback_single_inode). The caller is responsible for setting this.
 639 *
 640 * An inode must already be removed from the LRU list before being evicted from
 641 * the cache. This should occur atomically with setting the I_FREEING state
 642 * flag, so no inodes here should ever be on the LRU when being evicted.
 643 */
 644static void evict(struct inode *inode)
 645{
 646	const struct super_operations *op = inode->i_sb->s_op;
 647
 648	BUG_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_FREEING));
 649	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_lru));
 650
 651	if (!list_empty(&inode->i_io_list))
 652		inode_io_list_del(inode);
 653
 654	inode_sb_list_del(inode);
 655
 656	/*
 657	 * Wait for flusher thread to be done with the inode so that filesystem
 658	 * does not start destroying it while writeback is still running. Since
 659	 * the inode has I_FREEING set, flusher thread won't start new work on
 660	 * the inode.  We just have to wait for running writeback to finish.
 661	 */
 662	inode_wait_for_writeback(inode);
 663
 664	if (op->evict_inode) {
 665		op->evict_inode(inode);
 666	} else {
 667		truncate_inode_pages_final(&inode->i_data);
 668		clear_inode(inode);
 669	}
 670	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_cdev)
 671		cd_forget(inode);
 672
 673	remove_inode_hash(inode);
 674
 675	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 676	wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
 677	BUG_ON(inode->i_state != (I_FREEING | I_CLEAR));
 678	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 679
 680	destroy_inode(inode);
 681}
 682
 683/*
 684 * dispose_list - dispose of the contents of a local list
 685 * @head: the head of the list to free
 686 *
 687 * Dispose-list gets a local list with local inodes in it, so it doesn't
 688 * need to worry about list corruption and SMP locks.
 689 */
 690static void dispose_list(struct list_head *head)
 691{
 692	while (!list_empty(head)) {
 693		struct inode *inode;
 694
 695		inode = list_first_entry(head, struct inode, i_lru);
 696		list_del_init(&inode->i_lru);
 697
 698		evict(inode);
 699		cond_resched();
 700	}
 701}
 702
 703/**
 704 * evict_inodes	- evict all evictable inodes for a superblock
 705 * @sb:		superblock to operate on
 706 *
 707 * Make sure that no inodes with zero refcount are retained.  This is
 708 * called by superblock shutdown after having SB_ACTIVE flag removed,
 709 * so any inode reaching zero refcount during or after that call will
 710 * be immediately evicted.
 711 */
 712void evict_inodes(struct super_block *sb)
 713{
 714	struct inode *inode, *next;
 715	LIST_HEAD(dispose);
 716
 717again:
 718	spin_lock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 719	list_for_each_entry_safe(inode, next, &sb->s_inodes, i_sb_list) {
 720		if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count))
 721			continue;
 722
 723		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 724		if (inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) {
 725			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 726			continue;
 727		}
 728
 729		inode->i_state |= I_FREEING;
 730		inode_lru_list_del(inode);
 731		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 732		list_add(&inode->i_lru, &dispose);
 733
 734		/*
 735		 * We can have a ton of inodes to evict at unmount time given
 736		 * enough memory, check to see if we need to go to sleep for a
 737		 * bit so we don't livelock.
 738		 */
 739		if (need_resched()) {
 740			spin_unlock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 741			cond_resched();
 742			dispose_list(&dispose);
 743			goto again;
 744		}
 745	}
 746	spin_unlock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 747
 748	dispose_list(&dispose);
 749}
 750EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(evict_inodes);
 751
 752/**
 753 * invalidate_inodes	- attempt to free all inodes on a superblock
 754 * @sb:		superblock to operate on
 755 *
 756 * Attempts to free all inodes (including dirty inodes) for a given superblock.
 757 */
 758void invalidate_inodes(struct super_block *sb)
 759{
 760	struct inode *inode, *next;
 761	LIST_HEAD(dispose);
 762
 763again:
 764	spin_lock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 765	list_for_each_entry_safe(inode, next, &sb->s_inodes, i_sb_list) {
 766		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 767		if (inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) {
 768			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 769			continue;
 770		}
 771		if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count)) {
 772			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 773			continue;
 774		}
 775
 776		inode->i_state |= I_FREEING;
 777		inode_lru_list_del(inode);
 778		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 779		list_add(&inode->i_lru, &dispose);
 780		if (need_resched()) {
 781			spin_unlock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 782			cond_resched();
 783			dispose_list(&dispose);
 784			goto again;
 785		}
 786	}
 787	spin_unlock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 788
 789	dispose_list(&dispose);
 790}
 791
 792/*
 793 * Isolate the inode from the LRU in preparation for freeing it.
 794 *
 795 * If the inode has the I_REFERENCED flag set, then it means that it has been
 796 * used recently - the flag is set in iput_final(). When we encounter such an
 797 * inode, clear the flag and move it to the back of the LRU so it gets another
 798 * pass through the LRU before it gets reclaimed. This is necessary because of
 799 * the fact we are doing lazy LRU updates to minimise lock contention so the
 800 * LRU does not have strict ordering. Hence we don't want to reclaim inodes
 801 * with this flag set because they are the inodes that are out of order.
 802 */
 803static enum lru_status inode_lru_isolate(struct list_head *item,
 804		struct list_lru_one *lru, spinlock_t *lru_lock, void *arg)
 805{
 806	struct list_head *freeable = arg;
 807	struct inode	*inode = container_of(item, struct inode, i_lru);
 808
 809	/*
 810	 * We are inverting the lru lock/inode->i_lock here, so use a
 811	 * trylock. If we fail to get the lock, just skip it.
 812	 */
 813	if (!spin_trylock(&inode->i_lock))
 814		return LRU_SKIP;
 815
 816	/*
 817	 * Inodes can get referenced, redirtied, or repopulated while
 818	 * they're already on the LRU, and this can make them
 819	 * unreclaimable for a while. Remove them lazily here; iput,
 820	 * sync, or the last page cache deletion will requeue them.
 821	 */
 822	if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count) ||
 823	    (inode->i_state & ~I_REFERENCED) ||
 824	    !mapping_shrinkable(&inode->i_data)) {
 825		list_lru_isolate(lru, &inode->i_lru);
 826		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 827		this_cpu_dec(nr_unused);
 828		return LRU_REMOVED;
 829	}
 830
 831	/* Recently referenced inodes get one more pass */
 832	if (inode->i_state & I_REFERENCED) {
 833		inode->i_state &= ~I_REFERENCED;
 834		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 835		return LRU_ROTATE;
 836	}
 837
 838	/*
 839	 * On highmem systems, mapping_shrinkable() permits dropping
 840	 * page cache in order to free up struct inodes: lowmem might
 841	 * be under pressure before the cache inside the highmem zone.
 842	 */
 843	if (inode_has_buffers(inode) || !mapping_empty(&inode->i_data)) {
 844		__iget(inode);
 845		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 846		spin_unlock(lru_lock);
 847		if (remove_inode_buffers(inode)) {
 848			unsigned long reap;
 849			reap = invalidate_mapping_pages(&inode->i_data, 0, -1);
 850			if (current_is_kswapd())
 851				__count_vm_events(KSWAPD_INODESTEAL, reap);
 852			else
 853				__count_vm_events(PGINODESTEAL, reap);
 854			mm_account_reclaimed_pages(reap);
 855		}
 856		iput(inode);
 857		spin_lock(lru_lock);
 858		return LRU_RETRY;
 859	}
 860
 861	WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_NEW);
 862	inode->i_state |= I_FREEING;
 863	list_lru_isolate_move(lru, &inode->i_lru, freeable);
 864	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 865
 866	this_cpu_dec(nr_unused);
 867	return LRU_REMOVED;
 868}
 869
 870/*
 871 * Walk the superblock inode LRU for freeable inodes and attempt to free them.
 872 * This is called from the superblock shrinker function with a number of inodes
 873 * to trim from the LRU. Inodes to be freed are moved to a temporary list and
 874 * then are freed outside inode_lock by dispose_list().
 875 */
 876long prune_icache_sb(struct super_block *sb, struct shrink_control *sc)
 877{
 878	LIST_HEAD(freeable);
 879	long freed;
 880
 881	freed = list_lru_shrink_walk(&sb->s_inode_lru, sc,
 882				     inode_lru_isolate, &freeable);
 883	dispose_list(&freeable);
 884	return freed;
 885}
 886
 887static void __wait_on_freeing_inode(struct inode *inode);
 888/*
 889 * Called with the inode lock held.
 890 */
 891static struct inode *find_inode(struct super_block *sb,
 892				struct hlist_head *head,
 893				int (*test)(struct inode *, void *),
 894				void *data)
 895{
 896	struct inode *inode = NULL;
 897
 898repeat:
 899	hlist_for_each_entry(inode, head, i_hash) {
 900		if (inode->i_sb != sb)
 901			continue;
 902		if (!test(inode, data))
 903			continue;
 904		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 905		if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) {
 906			__wait_on_freeing_inode(inode);
 907			goto repeat;
 908		}
 909		if (unlikely(inode->i_state & I_CREATING)) {
 910			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 911			return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
 912		}
 913		__iget(inode);
 914		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 915		return inode;
 916	}
 917	return NULL;
 918}
 919
 920/*
 921 * find_inode_fast is the fast path version of find_inode, see the comment at
 922 * iget_locked for details.
 923 */
 924static struct inode *find_inode_fast(struct super_block *sb,
 925				struct hlist_head *head, unsigned long ino)
 926{
 927	struct inode *inode = NULL;
 928
 929repeat:
 930	hlist_for_each_entry(inode, head, i_hash) {
 931		if (inode->i_ino != ino)
 932			continue;
 933		if (inode->i_sb != sb)
 934			continue;
 935		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 936		if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) {
 937			__wait_on_freeing_inode(inode);
 938			goto repeat;
 939		}
 940		if (unlikely(inode->i_state & I_CREATING)) {
 941			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 942			return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
 943		}
 944		__iget(inode);
 945		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 946		return inode;
 947	}
 948	return NULL;
 949}
 950
 951/*
 952 * Each cpu owns a range of LAST_INO_BATCH numbers.
 953 * 'shared_last_ino' is dirtied only once out of LAST_INO_BATCH allocations,
 954 * to renew the exhausted range.
 955 *
 956 * This does not significantly increase overflow rate because every CPU can
 957 * consume at most LAST_INO_BATCH-1 unused inode numbers. So there is
 958 * NR_CPUS*(LAST_INO_BATCH-1) wastage. At 4096 and 1024, this is ~0.1% of the
 959 * 2^32 range, and is a worst-case. Even a 50% wastage would only increase
 960 * overflow rate by 2x, which does not seem too significant.
 961 *
 962 * On a 32bit, non LFS stat() call, glibc will generate an EOVERFLOW
 963 * error if st_ino won't fit in target struct field. Use 32bit counter
 964 * here to attempt to avoid that.
 965 */
 966#define LAST_INO_BATCH 1024
 967static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, last_ino);
 968
 969unsigned int get_next_ino(void)
 970{
 971	unsigned int *p = &get_cpu_var(last_ino);
 972	unsigned int res = *p;
 973
 974#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 975	if (unlikely((res & (LAST_INO_BATCH-1)) == 0)) {
 976		static atomic_t shared_last_ino;
 977		int next = atomic_add_return(LAST_INO_BATCH, &shared_last_ino);
 978
 979		res = next - LAST_INO_BATCH;
 980	}
 981#endif
 982
 983	res++;
 984	/* get_next_ino should not provide a 0 inode number */
 985	if (unlikely(!res))
 986		res++;
 987	*p = res;
 988	put_cpu_var(last_ino);
 989	return res;
 990}
 991EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_next_ino);
 992
 993/**
 994 *	new_inode_pseudo 	- obtain an inode
 995 *	@sb: superblock
 996 *
 997 *	Allocates a new inode for given superblock.
 998 *	Inode wont be chained in superblock s_inodes list
 999 *	This means :
1000 *	- fs can't be unmount
1001 *	- quotas, fsnotify, writeback can't work
1002 */
1003struct inode *new_inode_pseudo(struct super_block *sb)
1004{
1005	struct inode *inode = alloc_inode(sb);
1006
1007	if (inode) {
1008		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1009		inode->i_state = 0;
1010		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1011	}
1012	return inode;
1013}
1014
1015/**
1016 *	new_inode 	- obtain an inode
1017 *	@sb: superblock
1018 *
1019 *	Allocates a new inode for given superblock. The default gfp_mask
1020 *	for allocations related to inode->i_mapping is GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE.
1021 *	If HIGHMEM pages are unsuitable or it is known that pages allocated
1022 *	for the page cache are not reclaimable or migratable,
1023 *	mapping_set_gfp_mask() must be called with suitable flags on the
1024 *	newly created inode's mapping
1025 *
1026 */
1027struct inode *new_inode(struct super_block *sb)
1028{
1029	struct inode *inode;
1030
1031	inode = new_inode_pseudo(sb);
1032	if (inode)
1033		inode_sb_list_add(inode);
1034	return inode;
1035}
1036EXPORT_SYMBOL(new_inode);
1037
1038#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
1039void lockdep_annotate_inode_mutex_key(struct inode *inode)
1040{
1041	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
1042		struct file_system_type *type = inode->i_sb->s_type;
1043
1044		/* Set new key only if filesystem hasn't already changed it */
1045		if (lockdep_match_class(&inode->i_rwsem, &type->i_mutex_key)) {
1046			/*
1047			 * ensure nobody is actually holding i_mutex
1048			 */
1049			// mutex_destroy(&inode->i_mutex);
1050			init_rwsem(&inode->i_rwsem);
1051			lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_rwsem,
1052					  &type->i_mutex_dir_key);
1053		}
1054	}
1055}
1056EXPORT_SYMBOL(lockdep_annotate_inode_mutex_key);
1057#endif
1058
1059/**
1060 * unlock_new_inode - clear the I_NEW state and wake up any waiters
1061 * @inode:	new inode to unlock
1062 *
1063 * Called when the inode is fully initialised to clear the new state of the
1064 * inode and wake up anyone waiting for the inode to finish initialisation.
1065 */
1066void unlock_new_inode(struct inode *inode)
1067{
1068	lockdep_annotate_inode_mutex_key(inode);
1069	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1070	WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_NEW));
1071	inode->i_state &= ~I_NEW & ~I_CREATING;
1072	smp_mb();
1073	wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
1074	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1075}
1076EXPORT_SYMBOL(unlock_new_inode);
1077
1078void discard_new_inode(struct inode *inode)
1079{
1080	lockdep_annotate_inode_mutex_key(inode);
1081	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1082	WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_NEW));
1083	inode->i_state &= ~I_NEW;
1084	smp_mb();
1085	wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
1086	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1087	iput(inode);
1088}
1089EXPORT_SYMBOL(discard_new_inode);
1090
1091/**
1092 * lock_two_nondirectories - take two i_mutexes on non-directory objects
1093 *
1094 * Lock any non-NULL argument. Passed objects must not be directories.
1095 * Zero, one or two objects may be locked by this function.
1096 *
1097 * @inode1: first inode to lock
1098 * @inode2: second inode to lock
1099 */
1100void lock_two_nondirectories(struct inode *inode1, struct inode *inode2)
1101{
1102	if (inode1)
1103		WARN_ON_ONCE(S_ISDIR(inode1->i_mode));
1104	if (inode2)
1105		WARN_ON_ONCE(S_ISDIR(inode2->i_mode));
1106	if (inode1 > inode2)
1107		swap(inode1, inode2);
1108	if (inode1)
1109		inode_lock(inode1);
1110	if (inode2 && inode2 != inode1)
1111		inode_lock_nested(inode2, I_MUTEX_NONDIR2);
1112}
1113EXPORT_SYMBOL(lock_two_nondirectories);
1114
1115/**
1116 * unlock_two_nondirectories - release locks from lock_two_nondirectories()
1117 * @inode1: first inode to unlock
1118 * @inode2: second inode to unlock
1119 */
1120void unlock_two_nondirectories(struct inode *inode1, struct inode *inode2)
1121{
1122	if (inode1) {
1123		WARN_ON_ONCE(S_ISDIR(inode1->i_mode));
1124		inode_unlock(inode1);
1125	}
1126	if (inode2 && inode2 != inode1) {
1127		WARN_ON_ONCE(S_ISDIR(inode2->i_mode));
1128		inode_unlock(inode2);
1129	}
1130}
1131EXPORT_SYMBOL(unlock_two_nondirectories);
1132
1133/**
1134 * inode_insert5 - obtain an inode from a mounted file system
1135 * @inode:	pre-allocated inode to use for insert to cache
1136 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to get
1137 * @test:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1138 * @set:	callback used to initialize a new struct inode
1139 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @test and @set
1140 *
1141 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1142 * and if present it is return it with an increased reference count. This is
1143 * a variant of iget5_locked() for callers that don't want to fail on memory
1144 * allocation of inode.
1145 *
1146 * If the inode is not in cache, insert the pre-allocated inode to cache and
1147 * return it locked, hashed, and with the I_NEW flag set. The file system gets
1148 * to fill it in before unlocking it via unlock_new_inode().
1149 *
1150 * Note both @test and @set are called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't
1151 * sleep.
1152 */
1153struct inode *inode_insert5(struct inode *inode, unsigned long hashval,
1154			    int (*test)(struct inode *, void *),
1155			    int (*set)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1156{
1157	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(inode->i_sb, hashval);
1158	struct inode *old;
1159
1160again:
1161	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1162	old = find_inode(inode->i_sb, head, test, data);
1163	if (unlikely(old)) {
1164		/*
1165		 * Uhhuh, somebody else created the same inode under us.
1166		 * Use the old inode instead of the preallocated one.
1167		 */
1168		spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1169		if (IS_ERR(old))
1170			return NULL;
1171		wait_on_inode(old);
1172		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(old))) {
1173			iput(old);
1174			goto again;
1175		}
1176		return old;
1177	}
1178
1179	if (set && unlikely(set(inode, data))) {
1180		inode = NULL;
1181		goto unlock;
1182	}
1183
1184	/*
1185	 * Return the locked inode with I_NEW set, the
1186	 * caller is responsible for filling in the contents
1187	 */
1188	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1189	inode->i_state |= I_NEW;
1190	hlist_add_head_rcu(&inode->i_hash, head);
1191	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1192
1193	/*
1194	 * Add inode to the sb list if it's not already. It has I_NEW at this
1195	 * point, so it should be safe to test i_sb_list locklessly.
1196	 */
1197	if (list_empty(&inode->i_sb_list))
1198		inode_sb_list_add(inode);
1199unlock:
1200	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1201
1202	return inode;
1203}
1204EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_insert5);
1205
1206/**
1207 * iget5_locked - obtain an inode from a mounted file system
1208 * @sb:		super block of file system
1209 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to get
1210 * @test:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1211 * @set:	callback used to initialize a new struct inode
1212 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @test and @set
1213 *
1214 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1215 * and if present it is return it with an increased reference count. This is
1216 * a generalized version of iget_locked() for file systems where the inode
1217 * number is not sufficient for unique identification of an inode.
1218 *
1219 * If the inode is not in cache, allocate a new inode and return it locked,
1220 * hashed, and with the I_NEW flag set. The file system gets to fill it in
1221 * before unlocking it via unlock_new_inode().
1222 *
1223 * Note both @test and @set are called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't
1224 * sleep.
1225 */
1226struct inode *iget5_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval,
1227		int (*test)(struct inode *, void *),
1228		int (*set)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1229{
1230	struct inode *inode = ilookup5(sb, hashval, test, data);
1231
1232	if (!inode) {
1233		struct inode *new = alloc_inode(sb);
1234
1235		if (new) {
1236			new->i_state = 0;
1237			inode = inode_insert5(new, hashval, test, set, data);
1238			if (unlikely(inode != new))
1239				destroy_inode(new);
1240		}
1241	}
1242	return inode;
1243}
1244EXPORT_SYMBOL(iget5_locked);
1245
1246/**
1247 * iget_locked - obtain an inode from a mounted file system
1248 * @sb:		super block of file system
1249 * @ino:	inode number to get
1250 *
1251 * Search for the inode specified by @ino in the inode cache and if present
1252 * return it with an increased reference count. This is for file systems
1253 * where the inode number is sufficient for unique identification of an inode.
1254 *
1255 * If the inode is not in cache, allocate a new inode and return it locked,
1256 * hashed, and with the I_NEW flag set.  The file system gets to fill it in
1257 * before unlocking it via unlock_new_inode().
1258 */
1259struct inode *iget_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
1260{
1261	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1262	struct inode *inode;
1263again:
1264	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1265	inode = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino);
1266	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1267	if (inode) {
1268		if (IS_ERR(inode))
1269			return NULL;
1270		wait_on_inode(inode);
1271		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(inode))) {
1272			iput(inode);
1273			goto again;
1274		}
1275		return inode;
1276	}
1277
1278	inode = alloc_inode(sb);
1279	if (inode) {
1280		struct inode *old;
1281
1282		spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1283		/* We released the lock, so.. */
1284		old = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino);
1285		if (!old) {
1286			inode->i_ino = ino;
1287			spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1288			inode->i_state = I_NEW;
1289			hlist_add_head_rcu(&inode->i_hash, head);
1290			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1291			inode_sb_list_add(inode);
1292			spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1293
1294			/* Return the locked inode with I_NEW set, the
1295			 * caller is responsible for filling in the contents
1296			 */
1297			return inode;
1298		}
1299
1300		/*
1301		 * Uhhuh, somebody else created the same inode under
1302		 * us. Use the old inode instead of the one we just
1303		 * allocated.
1304		 */
1305		spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1306		destroy_inode(inode);
1307		if (IS_ERR(old))
1308			return NULL;
1309		inode = old;
1310		wait_on_inode(inode);
1311		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(inode))) {
1312			iput(inode);
1313			goto again;
1314		}
1315	}
1316	return inode;
1317}
1318EXPORT_SYMBOL(iget_locked);
1319
1320/*
1321 * search the inode cache for a matching inode number.
1322 * If we find one, then the inode number we are trying to
1323 * allocate is not unique and so we should not use it.
1324 *
1325 * Returns 1 if the inode number is unique, 0 if it is not.
1326 */
1327static int test_inode_iunique(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
1328{
1329	struct hlist_head *b = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1330	struct inode *inode;
1331
1332	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(inode, b, i_hash) {
1333		if (inode->i_ino == ino && inode->i_sb == sb)
1334			return 0;
1335	}
1336	return 1;
1337}
1338
1339/**
1340 *	iunique - get a unique inode number
1341 *	@sb: superblock
1342 *	@max_reserved: highest reserved inode number
1343 *
1344 *	Obtain an inode number that is unique on the system for a given
1345 *	superblock. This is used by file systems that have no natural
1346 *	permanent inode numbering system. An inode number is returned that
1347 *	is higher than the reserved limit but unique.
1348 *
1349 *	BUGS:
1350 *	With a large number of inodes live on the file system this function
1351 *	currently becomes quite slow.
1352 */
1353ino_t iunique(struct super_block *sb, ino_t max_reserved)
1354{
1355	/*
1356	 * On a 32bit, non LFS stat() call, glibc will generate an EOVERFLOW
1357	 * error if st_ino won't fit in target struct field. Use 32bit counter
1358	 * here to attempt to avoid that.
1359	 */
1360	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(iunique_lock);
1361	static unsigned int counter;
1362	ino_t res;
1363
1364	rcu_read_lock();
1365	spin_lock(&iunique_lock);
1366	do {
1367		if (counter <= max_reserved)
1368			counter = max_reserved + 1;
1369		res = counter++;
1370	} while (!test_inode_iunique(sb, res));
1371	spin_unlock(&iunique_lock);
1372	rcu_read_unlock();
1373
1374	return res;
1375}
1376EXPORT_SYMBOL(iunique);
1377
1378struct inode *igrab(struct inode *inode)
1379{
1380	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1381	if (!(inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE))) {
1382		__iget(inode);
1383		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1384	} else {
1385		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1386		/*
1387		 * Handle the case where s_op->clear_inode is not been
1388		 * called yet, and somebody is calling igrab
1389		 * while the inode is getting freed.
1390		 */
1391		inode = NULL;
1392	}
1393	return inode;
1394}
1395EXPORT_SYMBOL(igrab);
1396
1397/**
1398 * ilookup5_nowait - search for an inode in the inode cache
1399 * @sb:		super block of file system to search
1400 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to search for
1401 * @test:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1402 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @test
1403 *
1404 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache.
1405 * If the inode is in the cache, the inode is returned with an incremented
1406 * reference count.
1407 *
1408 * Note: I_NEW is not waited upon so you have to be very careful what you do
1409 * with the returned inode.  You probably should be using ilookup5() instead.
1410 *
1411 * Note2: @test is called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't sleep.
1412 */
1413struct inode *ilookup5_nowait(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval,
1414		int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1415{
1416	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval);
1417	struct inode *inode;
1418
1419	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1420	inode = find_inode(sb, head, test, data);
1421	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1422
1423	return IS_ERR(inode) ? NULL : inode;
1424}
1425EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup5_nowait);
1426
1427/**
1428 * ilookup5 - search for an inode in the inode cache
1429 * @sb:		super block of file system to search
1430 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to search for
1431 * @test:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1432 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @test
1433 *
1434 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1435 * and if the inode is in the cache, return the inode with an incremented
1436 * reference count.  Waits on I_NEW before returning the inode.
1437 * returned with an incremented reference count.
1438 *
1439 * This is a generalized version of ilookup() for file systems where the
1440 * inode number is not sufficient for unique identification of an inode.
1441 *
1442 * Note: @test is called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't sleep.
1443 */
1444struct inode *ilookup5(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval,
1445		int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1446{
1447	struct inode *inode;
1448again:
1449	inode = ilookup5_nowait(sb, hashval, test, data);
1450	if (inode) {
1451		wait_on_inode(inode);
1452		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(inode))) {
1453			iput(inode);
1454			goto again;
1455		}
1456	}
1457	return inode;
1458}
1459EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup5);
1460
1461/**
1462 * ilookup - search for an inode in the inode cache
1463 * @sb:		super block of file system to search
1464 * @ino:	inode number to search for
1465 *
1466 * Search for the inode @ino in the inode cache, and if the inode is in the
1467 * cache, the inode is returned with an incremented reference count.
1468 */
1469struct inode *ilookup(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
1470{
1471	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1472	struct inode *inode;
1473again:
1474	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1475	inode = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino);
1476	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1477
1478	if (inode) {
1479		if (IS_ERR(inode))
1480			return NULL;
1481		wait_on_inode(inode);
1482		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(inode))) {
1483			iput(inode);
1484			goto again;
1485		}
1486	}
1487	return inode;
1488}
1489EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup);
1490
1491/**
1492 * find_inode_nowait - find an inode in the inode cache
1493 * @sb:		super block of file system to search
1494 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to search for
1495 * @match:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1496 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @match
1497 *
1498 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode
1499 * cache, where the helper function @match will return 0 if the inode
1500 * does not match, 1 if the inode does match, and -1 if the search
1501 * should be stopped.  The @match function must be responsible for
1502 * taking the i_lock spin_lock and checking i_state for an inode being
1503 * freed or being initialized, and incrementing the reference count
1504 * before returning 1.  It also must not sleep, since it is called with
1505 * the inode_hash_lock spinlock held.
1506 *
1507 * This is a even more generalized version of ilookup5() when the
1508 * function must never block --- find_inode() can block in
1509 * __wait_on_freeing_inode() --- or when the caller can not increment
1510 * the reference count because the resulting iput() might cause an
1511 * inode eviction.  The tradeoff is that the @match funtion must be
1512 * very carefully implemented.
1513 */
1514struct inode *find_inode_nowait(struct super_block *sb,
1515				unsigned long hashval,
1516				int (*match)(struct inode *, unsigned long,
1517					     void *),
1518				void *data)
1519{
1520	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval);
1521	struct inode *inode, *ret_inode = NULL;
1522	int mval;
1523
1524	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1525	hlist_for_each_entry(inode, head, i_hash) {
1526		if (inode->i_sb != sb)
1527			continue;
1528		mval = match(inode, hashval, data);
1529		if (mval == 0)
1530			continue;
1531		if (mval == 1)
1532			ret_inode = inode;
1533		goto out;
1534	}
1535out:
1536	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1537	return ret_inode;
1538}
1539EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_inode_nowait);
1540
1541/**
1542 * find_inode_rcu - find an inode in the inode cache
1543 * @sb:		Super block of file system to search
1544 * @hashval:	Key to hash
1545 * @test:	Function to test match on an inode
1546 * @data:	Data for test function
1547 *
1548 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1549 * where the helper function @test will return 0 if the inode does not match
1550 * and 1 if it does.  The @test function must be responsible for taking the
1551 * i_lock spin_lock and checking i_state for an inode being freed or being
1552 * initialized.
1553 *
1554 * If successful, this will return the inode for which the @test function
1555 * returned 1 and NULL otherwise.
1556 *
1557 * The @test function is not permitted to take a ref on any inode presented.
1558 * It is also not permitted to sleep.
1559 *
1560 * The caller must hold the RCU read lock.
1561 */
1562struct inode *find_inode_rcu(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval,
1563			     int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1564{
1565	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval);
1566	struct inode *inode;
1567
1568	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_read_lock_held(),
1569			 "suspicious find_inode_rcu() usage");
1570
1571	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(inode, head, i_hash) {
1572		if (inode->i_sb == sb &&
1573		    !(READ_ONCE(inode->i_state) & (I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) &&
1574		    test(inode, data))
1575			return inode;
1576	}
1577	return NULL;
1578}
1579EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_inode_rcu);
1580
1581/**
1582 * find_inode_by_ino_rcu - Find an inode in the inode cache
1583 * @sb:		Super block of file system to search
1584 * @ino:	The inode number to match
1585 *
1586 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1587 * where the helper function @test will return 0 if the inode does not match
1588 * and 1 if it does.  The @test function must be responsible for taking the
1589 * i_lock spin_lock and checking i_state for an inode being freed or being
1590 * initialized.
1591 *
1592 * If successful, this will return the inode for which the @test function
1593 * returned 1 and NULL otherwise.
1594 *
1595 * The @test function is not permitted to take a ref on any inode presented.
1596 * It is also not permitted to sleep.
1597 *
1598 * The caller must hold the RCU read lock.
1599 */
1600struct inode *find_inode_by_ino_rcu(struct super_block *sb,
1601				    unsigned long ino)
1602{
1603	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1604	struct inode *inode;
1605
1606	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_read_lock_held(),
1607			 "suspicious find_inode_by_ino_rcu() usage");
1608
1609	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(inode, head, i_hash) {
1610		if (inode->i_ino == ino &&
1611		    inode->i_sb == sb &&
1612		    !(READ_ONCE(inode->i_state) & (I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)))
1613		    return inode;
1614	}
1615	return NULL;
1616}
1617EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_inode_by_ino_rcu);
1618
1619int insert_inode_locked(struct inode *inode)
1620{
1621	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
1622	ino_t ino = inode->i_ino;
1623	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1624
1625	while (1) {
1626		struct inode *old = NULL;
1627		spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1628		hlist_for_each_entry(old, head, i_hash) {
1629			if (old->i_ino != ino)
1630				continue;
1631			if (old->i_sb != sb)
1632				continue;
1633			spin_lock(&old->i_lock);
1634			if (old->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) {
1635				spin_unlock(&old->i_lock);
1636				continue;
1637			}
1638			break;
1639		}
1640		if (likely(!old)) {
1641			spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1642			inode->i_state |= I_NEW | I_CREATING;
1643			hlist_add_head_rcu(&inode->i_hash, head);
1644			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1645			spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1646			return 0;
1647		}
1648		if (unlikely(old->i_state & I_CREATING)) {
1649			spin_unlock(&old->i_lock);
1650			spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1651			return -EBUSY;
1652		}
1653		__iget(old);
1654		spin_unlock(&old->i_lock);
1655		spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1656		wait_on_inode(old);
1657		if (unlikely(!inode_unhashed(old))) {
1658			iput(old);
1659			return -EBUSY;
1660		}
1661		iput(old);
1662	}
1663}
1664EXPORT_SYMBOL(insert_inode_locked);
1665
1666int insert_inode_locked4(struct inode *inode, unsigned long hashval,
1667		int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1668{
1669	struct inode *old;
1670
1671	inode->i_state |= I_CREATING;
1672	old = inode_insert5(inode, hashval, test, NULL, data);
1673
1674	if (old != inode) {
1675		iput(old);
1676		return -EBUSY;
1677	}
1678	return 0;
1679}
1680EXPORT_SYMBOL(insert_inode_locked4);
1681
1682
1683int generic_delete_inode(struct inode *inode)
1684{
1685	return 1;
1686}
1687EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_delete_inode);
1688
1689/*
1690 * Called when we're dropping the last reference
1691 * to an inode.
1692 *
1693 * Call the FS "drop_inode()" function, defaulting to
1694 * the legacy UNIX filesystem behaviour.  If it tells
1695 * us to evict inode, do so.  Otherwise, retain inode
1696 * in cache if fs is alive, sync and evict if fs is
1697 * shutting down.
1698 */
1699static void iput_final(struct inode *inode)
1700{
1701	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
1702	const struct super_operations *op = inode->i_sb->s_op;
1703	unsigned long state;
1704	int drop;
1705
1706	WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_NEW);
1707
1708	if (op->drop_inode)
1709		drop = op->drop_inode(inode);
1710	else
1711		drop = generic_drop_inode(inode);
1712
1713	if (!drop &&
1714	    !(inode->i_state & I_DONTCACHE) &&
1715	    (sb->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE)) {
1716		__inode_add_lru(inode, true);
1717		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1718		return;
1719	}
1720
1721	state = inode->i_state;
1722	if (!drop) {
1723		WRITE_ONCE(inode->i_state, state | I_WILL_FREE);
1724		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1725
1726		write_inode_now(inode, 1);
1727
1728		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1729		state = inode->i_state;
1730		WARN_ON(state & I_NEW);
1731		state &= ~I_WILL_FREE;
1732	}
1733
1734	WRITE_ONCE(inode->i_state, state | I_FREEING);
1735	if (!list_empty(&inode->i_lru))
1736		inode_lru_list_del(inode);
1737	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1738
1739	evict(inode);
1740}
1741
1742/**
1743 *	iput	- put an inode
1744 *	@inode: inode to put
1745 *
1746 *	Puts an inode, dropping its usage count. If the inode use count hits
1747 *	zero, the inode is then freed and may also be destroyed.
1748 *
1749 *	Consequently, iput() can sleep.
1750 */
1751void iput(struct inode *inode)
1752{
1753	if (!inode)
1754		return;
1755	BUG_ON(inode->i_state & I_CLEAR);
1756retry:
1757	if (atomic_dec_and_lock(&inode->i_count, &inode->i_lock)) {
1758		if (inode->i_nlink && (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_TIME)) {
1759			atomic_inc(&inode->i_count);
1760			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1761			trace_writeback_lazytime_iput(inode);
1762			mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode);
1763			goto retry;
1764		}
1765		iput_final(inode);
1766	}
1767}
1768EXPORT_SYMBOL(iput);
1769
1770#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
1771/**
1772 *	bmap	- find a block number in a file
1773 *	@inode:  inode owning the block number being requested
1774 *	@block: pointer containing the block to find
1775 *
1776 *	Replaces the value in ``*block`` with the block number on the device holding
1777 *	corresponding to the requested block number in the file.
1778 *	That is, asked for block 4 of inode 1 the function will replace the
1779 *	4 in ``*block``, with disk block relative to the disk start that holds that
1780 *	block of the file.
1781 *
1782 *	Returns -EINVAL in case of error, 0 otherwise. If mapping falls into a
1783 *	hole, returns 0 and ``*block`` is also set to 0.
1784 */
1785int bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t *block)
1786{
1787	if (!inode->i_mapping->a_ops->bmap)
1788		return -EINVAL;
1789
1790	*block = inode->i_mapping->a_ops->bmap(inode->i_mapping, *block);
1791	return 0;
1792}
1793EXPORT_SYMBOL(bmap);
1794#endif
1795
1796/*
1797 * With relative atime, only update atime if the previous atime is
1798 * earlier than or equal to either the ctime or mtime,
1799 * or if at least a day has passed since the last atime update.
1800 */
1801static bool relatime_need_update(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct inode *inode,
1802			     struct timespec64 now)
1803{
1804	struct timespec64 atime, mtime, ctime;
1805
1806	if (!(mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_RELATIME))
1807		return true;
1808	/*
1809	 * Is mtime younger than or equal to atime? If yes, update atime:
1810	 */
1811	atime = inode_get_atime(inode);
1812	mtime = inode_get_mtime(inode);
1813	if (timespec64_compare(&mtime, &atime) >= 0)
1814		return true;
1815	/*
1816	 * Is ctime younger than or equal to atime? If yes, update atime:
1817	 */
1818	ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
1819	if (timespec64_compare(&ctime, &atime) >= 0)
1820		return true;
1821
1822	/*
1823	 * Is the previous atime value older than a day? If yes,
1824	 * update atime:
1825	 */
1826	if ((long)(now.tv_sec - atime.tv_sec) >= 24*60*60)
1827		return true;
1828	/*
1829	 * Good, we can skip the atime update:
1830	 */
1831	return false;
1832}
1833
1834/**
1835 * inode_update_timestamps - update the timestamps on the inode
1836 * @inode: inode to be updated
1837 * @flags: S_* flags that needed to be updated
1838 *
1839 * The update_time function is called when an inode's timestamps need to be
1840 * updated for a read or write operation. This function handles updating the
1841 * actual timestamps. It's up to the caller to ensure that the inode is marked
1842 * dirty appropriately.
1843 *
1844 * In the case where any of S_MTIME, S_CTIME, or S_VERSION need to be updated,
1845 * attempt to update all three of them. S_ATIME updates can be handled
1846 * independently of the rest.
1847 *
1848 * Returns a set of S_* flags indicating which values changed.
1849 */
1850int inode_update_timestamps(struct inode *inode, int flags)
1851{
1852	int updated = 0;
1853	struct timespec64 now;
1854
1855	if (flags & (S_MTIME|S_CTIME|S_VERSION)) {
1856		struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
1857		struct timespec64 mtime = inode_get_mtime(inode);
1858
1859		now = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
1860		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &ctime))
1861			updated |= S_CTIME;
1862		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &mtime)) {
1863			inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, now);
1864			updated |= S_MTIME;
1865		}
1866		if (IS_I_VERSION(inode) && inode_maybe_inc_iversion(inode, updated))
1867			updated |= S_VERSION;
1868	} else {
1869		now = current_time(inode);
1870	}
1871
1872	if (flags & S_ATIME) {
1873		struct timespec64 atime = inode_get_atime(inode);
1874
1875		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &atime)) {
1876			inode_set_atime_to_ts(inode, now);
1877			updated |= S_ATIME;
1878		}
1879	}
1880	return updated;
1881}
1882EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_update_timestamps);
1883
1884/**
1885 * generic_update_time - update the timestamps on the inode
1886 * @inode: inode to be updated
1887 * @flags: S_* flags that needed to be updated
1888 *
1889 * The update_time function is called when an inode's timestamps need to be
1890 * updated for a read or write operation. In the case where any of S_MTIME, S_CTIME,
1891 * or S_VERSION need to be updated we attempt to update all three of them. S_ATIME
1892 * updates can be handled done independently of the rest.
1893 *
1894 * Returns a S_* mask indicating which fields were updated.
1895 */
1896int generic_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
1897{
1898	int updated = inode_update_timestamps(inode, flags);
1899	int dirty_flags = 0;
1900
1901	if (updated & (S_ATIME|S_MTIME|S_CTIME))
1902		dirty_flags = inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_LAZYTIME ? I_DIRTY_TIME : I_DIRTY_SYNC;
1903	if (updated & S_VERSION)
1904		dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_SYNC;
1905	__mark_inode_dirty(inode, dirty_flags);
1906	return updated;
1907}
1908EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_update_time);
1909
1910/*
1911 * This does the actual work of updating an inodes time or version.  Must have
1912 * had called mnt_want_write() before calling this.
1913 */
1914int inode_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
1915{
1916	if (inode->i_op->update_time)
1917		return inode->i_op->update_time(inode, flags);
1918	generic_update_time(inode, flags);
1919	return 0;
1920}
1921EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_update_time);
1922
1923/**
1924 *	atime_needs_update	-	update the access time
1925 *	@path: the &struct path to update
1926 *	@inode: inode to update
1927 *
1928 *	Update the accessed time on an inode and mark it for writeback.
1929 *	This function automatically handles read only file systems and media,
1930 *	as well as the "noatime" flag and inode specific "noatime" markers.
1931 */
1932bool atime_needs_update(const struct path *path, struct inode *inode)
1933{
1934	struct vfsmount *mnt = path->mnt;
1935	struct timespec64 now, atime;
1936
1937	if (inode->i_flags & S_NOATIME)
1938		return false;
1939
1940	/* Atime updates will likely cause i_uid and i_gid to be written
1941	 * back improprely if their true value is unknown to the vfs.
1942	 */
1943	if (HAS_UNMAPPED_ID(mnt_idmap(mnt), inode))
1944		return false;
1945
1946	if (IS_NOATIME(inode))
1947		return false;
1948	if ((inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_NODIRATIME) && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
1949		return false;
1950
1951	if (mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NOATIME)
1952		return false;
1953	if ((mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NODIRATIME) && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
1954		return false;
1955
1956	now = current_time(inode);
1957
1958	if (!relatime_need_update(mnt, inode, now))
1959		return false;
1960
1961	atime = inode_get_atime(inode);
1962	if (timespec64_equal(&atime, &now))
1963		return false;
1964
1965	return true;
1966}
1967
1968void touch_atime(const struct path *path)
1969{
1970	struct vfsmount *mnt = path->mnt;
1971	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
1972
1973	if (!atime_needs_update(path, inode))
1974		return;
1975
1976	if (!sb_start_write_trylock(inode->i_sb))
1977		return;
1978
1979	if (mnt_get_write_access(mnt) != 0)
1980		goto skip_update;
1981	/*
1982	 * File systems can error out when updating inodes if they need to
1983	 * allocate new space to modify an inode (such is the case for
1984	 * Btrfs), but since we touch atime while walking down the path we
1985	 * really don't care if we failed to update the atime of the file,
1986	 * so just ignore the return value.
1987	 * We may also fail on filesystems that have the ability to make parts
1988	 * of the fs read only, e.g. subvolumes in Btrfs.
1989	 */
1990	inode_update_time(inode, S_ATIME);
1991	mnt_put_write_access(mnt);
1992skip_update:
1993	sb_end_write(inode->i_sb);
1994}
1995EXPORT_SYMBOL(touch_atime);
1996
1997/*
1998 * Return mask of changes for notify_change() that need to be done as a
1999 * response to write or truncate. Return 0 if nothing has to be changed.
2000 * Negative value on error (change should be denied).
2001 */
2002int dentry_needs_remove_privs(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2003			      struct dentry *dentry)
2004{
2005	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
2006	int mask = 0;
2007	int ret;
2008
2009	if (IS_NOSEC(inode))
2010		return 0;
2011
2012	mask = setattr_should_drop_suidgid(idmap, inode);
2013	ret = security_inode_need_killpriv(dentry);
2014	if (ret < 0)
2015		return ret;
2016	if (ret)
2017		mask |= ATTR_KILL_PRIV;
2018	return mask;
2019}
2020
2021static int __remove_privs(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2022			  struct dentry *dentry, int kill)
2023{
2024	struct iattr newattrs;
2025
2026	newattrs.ia_valid = ATTR_FORCE | kill;
2027	/*
2028	 * Note we call this on write, so notify_change will not
2029	 * encounter any conflicting delegations:
2030	 */
2031	return notify_change(idmap, dentry, &newattrs, NULL);
2032}
2033
2034static int __file_remove_privs(struct file *file, unsigned int flags)
2035{
2036	struct dentry *dentry = file_dentry(file);
2037	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
2038	int error = 0;
2039	int kill;
2040
2041	if (IS_NOSEC(inode) || !S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
2042		return 0;
2043
2044	kill = dentry_needs_remove_privs(file_mnt_idmap(file), dentry);
2045	if (kill < 0)
2046		return kill;
2047
2048	if (kill) {
2049		if (flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
2050			return -EAGAIN;
2051
2052		error = __remove_privs(file_mnt_idmap(file), dentry, kill);
2053	}
2054
2055	if (!error)
2056		inode_has_no_xattr(inode);
2057	return error;
2058}
 
2059
2060/**
2061 * file_remove_privs - remove special file privileges (suid, capabilities)
2062 * @file: file to remove privileges from
2063 *
2064 * When file is modified by a write or truncation ensure that special
2065 * file privileges are removed.
2066 *
2067 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2068 */
2069int file_remove_privs(struct file *file)
2070{
2071	return __file_remove_privs(file, 0);
2072}
2073EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_remove_privs);
2074
2075static int inode_needs_update_time(struct inode *inode)
2076{
2077	int sync_it = 0;
2078	struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
2079	struct timespec64 ts;
2080
2081	/* First try to exhaust all avenues to not sync */
2082	if (IS_NOCMTIME(inode))
2083		return 0;
2084
2085	ts = inode_get_mtime(inode);
2086	if (!timespec64_equal(&ts, &now))
2087		sync_it = S_MTIME;
2088
2089	ts = inode_get_ctime(inode);
2090	if (!timespec64_equal(&ts, &now))
2091		sync_it |= S_CTIME;
2092
2093	if (IS_I_VERSION(inode) && inode_iversion_need_inc(inode))
2094		sync_it |= S_VERSION;
2095
2096	return sync_it;
2097}
2098
2099static int __file_update_time(struct file *file, int sync_mode)
2100{
2101	int ret = 0;
2102	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
2103
2104	/* try to update time settings */
2105	if (!mnt_get_write_access_file(file)) {
2106		ret = inode_update_time(inode, sync_mode);
2107		mnt_put_write_access_file(file);
2108	}
2109
2110	return ret;
2111}
2112
2113/**
2114 * file_update_time - update mtime and ctime time
2115 * @file: file accessed
2116 *
2117 * Update the mtime and ctime members of an inode and mark the inode for
2118 * writeback. Note that this function is meant exclusively for usage in
2119 * the file write path of filesystems, and filesystems may choose to
2120 * explicitly ignore updates via this function with the _NOCMTIME inode
2121 * flag, e.g. for network filesystem where these imestamps are handled
2122 * by the server. This can return an error for file systems who need to
2123 * allocate space in order to update an inode.
2124 *
2125 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2126 */
2127int file_update_time(struct file *file)
2128{
2129	int ret;
2130	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
2131
2132	ret = inode_needs_update_time(inode);
2133	if (ret <= 0)
2134		return ret;
2135
2136	return __file_update_time(file, ret);
2137}
2138EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_update_time);
2139
2140/**
2141 * file_modified_flags - handle mandated vfs changes when modifying a file
2142 * @file: file that was modified
2143 * @flags: kiocb flags
2144 *
2145 * When file has been modified ensure that special
2146 * file privileges are removed and time settings are updated.
2147 *
2148 * If IOCB_NOWAIT is set, special file privileges will not be removed and
2149 * time settings will not be updated. It will return -EAGAIN.
2150 *
2151 * Context: Caller must hold the file's inode lock.
2152 *
2153 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2154 */
2155static int file_modified_flags(struct file *file, int flags)
2156{
2157	int ret;
2158	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
2159
2160	/*
2161	 * Clear the security bits if the process is not being run by root.
2162	 * This keeps people from modifying setuid and setgid binaries.
2163	 */
2164	ret = __file_remove_privs(file, flags);
2165	if (ret)
2166		return ret;
2167
2168	if (unlikely(file->f_mode & FMODE_NOCMTIME))
2169		return 0;
2170
2171	ret = inode_needs_update_time(inode);
2172	if (ret <= 0)
2173		return ret;
2174	if (flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
2175		return -EAGAIN;
2176
2177	return __file_update_time(file, ret);
2178}
2179
2180/**
2181 * file_modified - handle mandated vfs changes when modifying a file
2182 * @file: file that was modified
2183 *
2184 * When file has been modified ensure that special
2185 * file privileges are removed and time settings are updated.
2186 *
2187 * Context: Caller must hold the file's inode lock.
2188 *
2189 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2190 */
2191int file_modified(struct file *file)
2192{
2193	return file_modified_flags(file, 0);
2194}
2195EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_modified);
2196
2197/**
2198 * kiocb_modified - handle mandated vfs changes when modifying a file
2199 * @iocb: iocb that was modified
2200 *
2201 * When file has been modified ensure that special
2202 * file privileges are removed and time settings are updated.
2203 *
2204 * Context: Caller must hold the file's inode lock.
2205 *
2206 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2207 */
2208int kiocb_modified(struct kiocb *iocb)
2209{
2210	return file_modified_flags(iocb->ki_filp, iocb->ki_flags);
2211}
2212EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kiocb_modified);
2213
2214int inode_needs_sync(struct inode *inode)
2215{
2216	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
2217		return 1;
2218	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && IS_DIRSYNC(inode))
2219		return 1;
2220	return 0;
2221}
2222EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_needs_sync);
2223
2224/*
2225 * If we try to find an inode in the inode hash while it is being
2226 * deleted, we have to wait until the filesystem completes its
2227 * deletion before reporting that it isn't found.  This function waits
2228 * until the deletion _might_ have completed.  Callers are responsible
2229 * to recheck inode state.
2230 *
2231 * It doesn't matter if I_NEW is not set initially, a call to
2232 * wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW) after removing from the hash list
2233 * will DTRT.
2234 */
2235static void __wait_on_freeing_inode(struct inode *inode)
2236{
2237	wait_queue_head_t *wq;
2238	DEFINE_WAIT_BIT(wait, &inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
2239	wq = bit_waitqueue(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
2240	prepare_to_wait(wq, &wait.wq_entry, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
2241	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
2242	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
2243	schedule();
2244	finish_wait(wq, &wait.wq_entry);
2245	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
2246}
2247
2248static __initdata unsigned long ihash_entries;
2249static int __init set_ihash_entries(char *str)
2250{
2251	if (!str)
2252		return 0;
2253	ihash_entries = simple_strtoul(str, &str, 0);
2254	return 1;
2255}
2256__setup("ihash_entries=", set_ihash_entries);
2257
2258/*
2259 * Initialize the waitqueues and inode hash table.
2260 */
2261void __init inode_init_early(void)
2262{
2263	/* If hashes are distributed across NUMA nodes, defer
2264	 * hash allocation until vmalloc space is available.
2265	 */
2266	if (hashdist)
2267		return;
2268
2269	inode_hashtable =
2270		alloc_large_system_hash("Inode-cache",
2271					sizeof(struct hlist_head),
2272					ihash_entries,
2273					14,
2274					HASH_EARLY | HASH_ZERO,
2275					&i_hash_shift,
2276					&i_hash_mask,
2277					0,
2278					0);
2279}
2280
2281void __init inode_init(void)
2282{
2283	/* inode slab cache */
2284	inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("inode_cache",
2285					 sizeof(struct inode),
2286					 0,
2287					 (SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|SLAB_PANIC|
2288					 SLAB_MEM_SPREAD|SLAB_ACCOUNT),
2289					 init_once);
2290
2291	/* Hash may have been set up in inode_init_early */
2292	if (!hashdist)
2293		return;
2294
2295	inode_hashtable =
2296		alloc_large_system_hash("Inode-cache",
2297					sizeof(struct hlist_head),
2298					ihash_entries,
2299					14,
2300					HASH_ZERO,
2301					&i_hash_shift,
2302					&i_hash_mask,
2303					0,
2304					0);
2305}
2306
2307void init_special_inode(struct inode *inode, umode_t mode, dev_t rdev)
2308{
2309	inode->i_mode = mode;
2310	if (S_ISCHR(mode)) {
2311		inode->i_fop = &def_chr_fops;
2312		inode->i_rdev = rdev;
2313	} else if (S_ISBLK(mode)) {
2314		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BLOCK))
2315			inode->i_fop = &def_blk_fops;
2316		inode->i_rdev = rdev;
2317	} else if (S_ISFIFO(mode))
2318		inode->i_fop = &pipefifo_fops;
2319	else if (S_ISSOCK(mode))
2320		;	/* leave it no_open_fops */
2321	else
2322		printk(KERN_DEBUG "init_special_inode: bogus i_mode (%o) for"
2323				  " inode %s:%lu\n", mode, inode->i_sb->s_id,
2324				  inode->i_ino);
2325}
2326EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_special_inode);
2327
2328/**
2329 * inode_init_owner - Init uid,gid,mode for new inode according to posix standards
2330 * @idmap: idmap of the mount the inode was created from
2331 * @inode: New inode
2332 * @dir: Directory inode
2333 * @mode: mode of the new inode
2334 *
2335 * If the inode has been created through an idmapped mount the idmap of
2336 * the vfsmount must be passed through @idmap. This function will then take
2337 * care to map the inode according to @idmap before checking permissions
2338 * and initializing i_uid and i_gid. On non-idmapped mounts or if permission
2339 * checking is to be performed on the raw inode simply pass @nop_mnt_idmap.
2340 */
2341void inode_init_owner(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *inode,
2342		      const struct inode *dir, umode_t mode)
2343{
2344	inode_fsuid_set(inode, idmap);
2345	if (dir && dir->i_mode & S_ISGID) {
2346		inode->i_gid = dir->i_gid;
2347
2348		/* Directories are special, and always inherit S_ISGID */
2349		if (S_ISDIR(mode))
2350			mode |= S_ISGID;
2351	} else
2352		inode_fsgid_set(inode, idmap);
2353	inode->i_mode = mode;
2354}
2355EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_owner);
2356
2357/**
2358 * inode_owner_or_capable - check current task permissions to inode
2359 * @idmap: idmap of the mount the inode was found from
2360 * @inode: inode being checked
2361 *
2362 * Return true if current either has CAP_FOWNER in a namespace with the
2363 * inode owner uid mapped, or owns the file.
2364 *
2365 * If the inode has been found through an idmapped mount the idmap of
2366 * the vfsmount must be passed through @idmap. This function will then take
2367 * care to map the inode according to @idmap before checking permissions.
2368 * On non-idmapped mounts or if permission checking is to be performed on the
2369 * raw inode simply pass @nop_mnt_idmap.
2370 */
2371bool inode_owner_or_capable(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2372			    const struct inode *inode)
2373{
2374	vfsuid_t vfsuid;
2375	struct user_namespace *ns;
2376
2377	vfsuid = i_uid_into_vfsuid(idmap, inode);
2378	if (vfsuid_eq_kuid(vfsuid, current_fsuid()))
2379		return true;
2380
2381	ns = current_user_ns();
2382	if (vfsuid_has_mapping(ns, vfsuid) && ns_capable(ns, CAP_FOWNER))
2383		return true;
2384	return false;
2385}
2386EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_owner_or_capable);
2387
2388/*
2389 * Direct i/o helper functions
2390 */
2391static void __inode_dio_wait(struct inode *inode)
2392{
2393	wait_queue_head_t *wq = bit_waitqueue(&inode->i_state, __I_DIO_WAKEUP);
2394	DEFINE_WAIT_BIT(q, &inode->i_state, __I_DIO_WAKEUP);
2395
2396	do {
2397		prepare_to_wait(wq, &q.wq_entry, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
2398		if (atomic_read(&inode->i_dio_count))
2399			schedule();
2400	} while (atomic_read(&inode->i_dio_count));
2401	finish_wait(wq, &q.wq_entry);
2402}
2403
2404/**
2405 * inode_dio_wait - wait for outstanding DIO requests to finish
2406 * @inode: inode to wait for
2407 *
2408 * Waits for all pending direct I/O requests to finish so that we can
2409 * proceed with a truncate or equivalent operation.
2410 *
2411 * Must be called under a lock that serializes taking new references
2412 * to i_dio_count, usually by inode->i_mutex.
2413 */
2414void inode_dio_wait(struct inode *inode)
2415{
2416	if (atomic_read(&inode->i_dio_count))
2417		__inode_dio_wait(inode);
2418}
2419EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_dio_wait);
2420
2421/*
2422 * inode_set_flags - atomically set some inode flags
2423 *
2424 * Note: the caller should be holding i_mutex, or else be sure that
2425 * they have exclusive access to the inode structure (i.e., while the
2426 * inode is being instantiated).  The reason for the cmpxchg() loop
2427 * --- which wouldn't be necessary if all code paths which modify
2428 * i_flags actually followed this rule, is that there is at least one
2429 * code path which doesn't today so we use cmpxchg() out of an abundance
2430 * of caution.
2431 *
2432 * In the long run, i_mutex is overkill, and we should probably look
2433 * at using the i_lock spinlock to protect i_flags, and then make sure
2434 * it is so documented in include/linux/fs.h and that all code follows
2435 * the locking convention!!
2436 */
2437void inode_set_flags(struct inode *inode, unsigned int flags,
2438		     unsigned int mask)
2439{
2440	WARN_ON_ONCE(flags & ~mask);
2441	set_mask_bits(&inode->i_flags, mask, flags);
2442}
2443EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_set_flags);
2444
2445void inode_nohighmem(struct inode *inode)
2446{
2447	mapping_set_gfp_mask(inode->i_mapping, GFP_USER);
2448}
2449EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_nohighmem);
2450
2451/**
2452 * timestamp_truncate - Truncate timespec to a granularity
2453 * @t: Timespec
2454 * @inode: inode being updated
2455 *
2456 * Truncate a timespec to the granularity supported by the fs
2457 * containing the inode. Always rounds down. gran must
2458 * not be 0 nor greater than a second (NSEC_PER_SEC, or 10^9 ns).
2459 */
2460struct timespec64 timestamp_truncate(struct timespec64 t, struct inode *inode)
2461{
2462	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
2463	unsigned int gran = sb->s_time_gran;
2464
2465	t.tv_sec = clamp(t.tv_sec, sb->s_time_min, sb->s_time_max);
2466	if (unlikely(t.tv_sec == sb->s_time_max || t.tv_sec == sb->s_time_min))
2467		t.tv_nsec = 0;
2468
2469	/* Avoid division in the common cases 1 ns and 1 s. */
2470	if (gran == 1)
2471		; /* nothing */
2472	else if (gran == NSEC_PER_SEC)
2473		t.tv_nsec = 0;
2474	else if (gran > 1 && gran < NSEC_PER_SEC)
2475		t.tv_nsec -= t.tv_nsec % gran;
2476	else
2477		WARN(1, "invalid file time granularity: %u", gran);
2478	return t;
2479}
2480EXPORT_SYMBOL(timestamp_truncate);
2481
2482/**
2483 * current_time - Return FS time
2484 * @inode: inode.
2485 *
2486 * Return the current time truncated to the time granularity supported by
2487 * the fs.
2488 *
2489 * Note that inode and inode->sb cannot be NULL.
2490 * Otherwise, the function warns and returns time without truncation.
2491 */
2492struct timespec64 current_time(struct inode *inode)
2493{
2494	struct timespec64 now;
2495
2496	ktime_get_coarse_real_ts64(&now);
2497	return timestamp_truncate(now, inode);
2498}
2499EXPORT_SYMBOL(current_time);
2500
2501/**
2502 * inode_set_ctime_current - set the ctime to current_time
2503 * @inode: inode
2504 *
2505 * Set the inode->i_ctime to the current value for the inode. Returns
2506 * the current value that was assigned to i_ctime.
2507 */
2508struct timespec64 inode_set_ctime_current(struct inode *inode)
2509{
2510	struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
2511
2512	inode_set_ctime(inode, now.tv_sec, now.tv_nsec);
2513	return now;
2514}
2515EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_set_ctime_current);
2516
2517/**
2518 * in_group_or_capable - check whether caller is CAP_FSETID privileged
2519 * @idmap:	idmap of the mount @inode was found from
2520 * @inode:	inode to check
2521 * @vfsgid:	the new/current vfsgid of @inode
2522 *
2523 * Check wether @vfsgid is in the caller's group list or if the caller is
2524 * privileged with CAP_FSETID over @inode. This can be used to determine
2525 * whether the setgid bit can be kept or must be dropped.
2526 *
2527 * Return: true if the caller is sufficiently privileged, false if not.
2528 */
2529bool in_group_or_capable(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2530			 const struct inode *inode, vfsgid_t vfsgid)
2531{
2532	if (vfsgid_in_group_p(vfsgid))
2533		return true;
2534	if (capable_wrt_inode_uidgid(idmap, inode, CAP_FSETID))
2535		return true;
2536	return false;
2537}
2538
2539/**
2540 * mode_strip_sgid - handle the sgid bit for non-directories
2541 * @idmap: idmap of the mount the inode was created from
2542 * @dir: parent directory inode
2543 * @mode: mode of the file to be created in @dir
2544 *
2545 * If the @mode of the new file has both the S_ISGID and S_IXGRP bit
2546 * raised and @dir has the S_ISGID bit raised ensure that the caller is
2547 * either in the group of the parent directory or they have CAP_FSETID
2548 * in their user namespace and are privileged over the parent directory.
2549 * In all other cases, strip the S_ISGID bit from @mode.
2550 *
2551 * Return: the new mode to use for the file
2552 */
2553umode_t mode_strip_sgid(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2554			const struct inode *dir, umode_t mode)
2555{
2556	if ((mode & (S_ISGID | S_IXGRP)) != (S_ISGID | S_IXGRP))
2557		return mode;
2558	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || !dir || !(dir->i_mode & S_ISGID))
2559		return mode;
2560	if (in_group_or_capable(idmap, dir, i_gid_into_vfsgid(idmap, dir)))
2561		return mode;
2562	return mode & ~S_ISGID;
2563}
2564EXPORT_SYMBOL(mode_strip_sgid);
v6.9.4
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2/*
   3 * (C) 1997 Linus Torvalds
   4 * (C) 1999 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> (dynamic inode allocation)
   5 */
   6#include <linux/export.h>
   7#include <linux/fs.h>
   8#include <linux/filelock.h>
   9#include <linux/mm.h>
  10#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
  11#include <linux/hash.h>
  12#include <linux/swap.h>
  13#include <linux/security.h>
  14#include <linux/cdev.h>
  15#include <linux/memblock.h>
  16#include <linux/fsnotify.h>
  17#include <linux/mount.h>
  18#include <linux/posix_acl.h>
  19#include <linux/buffer_head.h> /* for inode_has_buffers */
  20#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
  21#include <linux/list_lru.h>
  22#include <linux/iversion.h>
  23#include <linux/rw_hint.h>
  24#include <trace/events/writeback.h>
  25#include "internal.h"
  26
  27/*
  28 * Inode locking rules:
  29 *
  30 * inode->i_lock protects:
  31 *   inode->i_state, inode->i_hash, __iget(), inode->i_io_list
  32 * Inode LRU list locks protect:
  33 *   inode->i_sb->s_inode_lru, inode->i_lru
  34 * inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock protects:
  35 *   inode->i_sb->s_inodes, inode->i_sb_list
  36 * bdi->wb.list_lock protects:
  37 *   bdi->wb.b_{dirty,io,more_io,dirty_time}, inode->i_io_list
  38 * inode_hash_lock protects:
  39 *   inode_hashtable, inode->i_hash
  40 *
  41 * Lock ordering:
  42 *
  43 * inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock
  44 *   inode->i_lock
  45 *     Inode LRU list locks
  46 *
  47 * bdi->wb.list_lock
  48 *   inode->i_lock
  49 *
  50 * inode_hash_lock
  51 *   inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock
  52 *   inode->i_lock
  53 *
  54 * iunique_lock
  55 *   inode_hash_lock
  56 */
  57
  58static unsigned int i_hash_mask __ro_after_init;
  59static unsigned int i_hash_shift __ro_after_init;
  60static struct hlist_head *inode_hashtable __ro_after_init;
  61static __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(inode_hash_lock);
  62
  63/*
  64 * Empty aops. Can be used for the cases where the user does not
  65 * define any of the address_space operations.
  66 */
  67const struct address_space_operations empty_aops = {
  68};
  69EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_aops);
  70
  71static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, nr_inodes);
  72static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, nr_unused);
  73
  74static struct kmem_cache *inode_cachep __ro_after_init;
  75
  76static long get_nr_inodes(void)
  77{
  78	int i;
  79	long sum = 0;
  80	for_each_possible_cpu(i)
  81		sum += per_cpu(nr_inodes, i);
  82	return sum < 0 ? 0 : sum;
  83}
  84
  85static inline long get_nr_inodes_unused(void)
  86{
  87	int i;
  88	long sum = 0;
  89	for_each_possible_cpu(i)
  90		sum += per_cpu(nr_unused, i);
  91	return sum < 0 ? 0 : sum;
  92}
  93
  94long get_nr_dirty_inodes(void)
  95{
  96	/* not actually dirty inodes, but a wild approximation */
  97	long nr_dirty = get_nr_inodes() - get_nr_inodes_unused();
  98	return nr_dirty > 0 ? nr_dirty : 0;
  99}
 100
 101/*
 102 * Handle nr_inode sysctl
 103 */
 104#ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
 105/*
 106 * Statistics gathering..
 107 */
 108static struct inodes_stat_t inodes_stat;
 109
 110static int proc_nr_inodes(struct ctl_table *table, int write, void *buffer,
 111			  size_t *lenp, loff_t *ppos)
 112{
 113	inodes_stat.nr_inodes = get_nr_inodes();
 114	inodes_stat.nr_unused = get_nr_inodes_unused();
 115	return proc_doulongvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, lenp, ppos);
 116}
 117
 118static struct ctl_table inodes_sysctls[] = {
 119	{
 120		.procname	= "inode-nr",
 121		.data		= &inodes_stat,
 122		.maxlen		= 2*sizeof(long),
 123		.mode		= 0444,
 124		.proc_handler	= proc_nr_inodes,
 125	},
 126	{
 127		.procname	= "inode-state",
 128		.data		= &inodes_stat,
 129		.maxlen		= 7*sizeof(long),
 130		.mode		= 0444,
 131		.proc_handler	= proc_nr_inodes,
 132	},
 133};
 134
 135static int __init init_fs_inode_sysctls(void)
 136{
 137	register_sysctl_init("fs", inodes_sysctls);
 138	return 0;
 139}
 140early_initcall(init_fs_inode_sysctls);
 141#endif
 142
 143static int no_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 144{
 145	return -ENXIO;
 146}
 147
 148/**
 149 * inode_init_always - perform inode structure initialisation
 150 * @sb: superblock inode belongs to
 151 * @inode: inode to initialise
 152 *
 153 * These are initializations that need to be done on every inode
 154 * allocation as the fields are not initialised by slab allocation.
 155 */
 156int inode_init_always(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *inode)
 157{
 158	static const struct inode_operations empty_iops;
 159	static const struct file_operations no_open_fops = {.open = no_open};
 160	struct address_space *const mapping = &inode->i_data;
 161
 162	inode->i_sb = sb;
 163	inode->i_blkbits = sb->s_blocksize_bits;
 164	inode->i_flags = 0;
 165	atomic64_set(&inode->i_sequence, 0);
 166	atomic_set(&inode->i_count, 1);
 167	inode->i_op = &empty_iops;
 168	inode->i_fop = &no_open_fops;
 169	inode->i_ino = 0;
 170	inode->__i_nlink = 1;
 171	inode->i_opflags = 0;
 172	if (sb->s_xattr)
 173		inode->i_opflags |= IOP_XATTR;
 174	i_uid_write(inode, 0);
 175	i_gid_write(inode, 0);
 176	atomic_set(&inode->i_writecount, 0);
 177	inode->i_size = 0;
 178	inode->i_write_hint = WRITE_LIFE_NOT_SET;
 179	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 180	inode->i_bytes = 0;
 181	inode->i_generation = 0;
 182	inode->i_pipe = NULL;
 183	inode->i_cdev = NULL;
 184	inode->i_link = NULL;
 185	inode->i_dir_seq = 0;
 186	inode->i_rdev = 0;
 187	inode->dirtied_when = 0;
 188
 189#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_WRITEBACK
 190	inode->i_wb_frn_winner = 0;
 191	inode->i_wb_frn_avg_time = 0;
 192	inode->i_wb_frn_history = 0;
 193#endif
 194
 195	spin_lock_init(&inode->i_lock);
 196	lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_lock, &sb->s_type->i_lock_key);
 197
 198	init_rwsem(&inode->i_rwsem);
 199	lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_rwsem, &sb->s_type->i_mutex_key);
 200
 201	atomic_set(&inode->i_dio_count, 0);
 202
 203	mapping->a_ops = &empty_aops;
 204	mapping->host = inode;
 205	mapping->flags = 0;
 206	mapping->wb_err = 0;
 207	atomic_set(&mapping->i_mmap_writable, 0);
 208#ifdef CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS
 209	atomic_set(&mapping->nr_thps, 0);
 210#endif
 211	mapping_set_gfp_mask(mapping, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE);
 212	mapping->i_private_data = NULL;
 213	mapping->writeback_index = 0;
 214	init_rwsem(&mapping->invalidate_lock);
 215	lockdep_set_class_and_name(&mapping->invalidate_lock,
 216				   &sb->s_type->invalidate_lock_key,
 217				   "mapping.invalidate_lock");
 218	if (sb->s_iflags & SB_I_STABLE_WRITES)
 219		mapping_set_stable_writes(mapping);
 220	inode->i_private = NULL;
 221	inode->i_mapping = mapping;
 222	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&inode->i_dentry);	/* buggered by rcu freeing */
 223#ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL
 224	inode->i_acl = inode->i_default_acl = ACL_NOT_CACHED;
 225#endif
 226
 227#ifdef CONFIG_FSNOTIFY
 228	inode->i_fsnotify_mask = 0;
 229#endif
 230	inode->i_flctx = NULL;
 231
 232	if (unlikely(security_inode_alloc(inode)))
 233		return -ENOMEM;
 234	this_cpu_inc(nr_inodes);
 235
 236	return 0;
 237}
 238EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_always);
 239
 240void free_inode_nonrcu(struct inode *inode)
 241{
 242	kmem_cache_free(inode_cachep, inode);
 243}
 244EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_inode_nonrcu);
 245
 246static void i_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
 247{
 248	struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu);
 249	if (inode->free_inode)
 250		inode->free_inode(inode);
 251	else
 252		free_inode_nonrcu(inode);
 253}
 254
 255static struct inode *alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
 256{
 257	const struct super_operations *ops = sb->s_op;
 258	struct inode *inode;
 259
 260	if (ops->alloc_inode)
 261		inode = ops->alloc_inode(sb);
 262	else
 263		inode = alloc_inode_sb(sb, inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
 264
 265	if (!inode)
 266		return NULL;
 267
 268	if (unlikely(inode_init_always(sb, inode))) {
 269		if (ops->destroy_inode) {
 270			ops->destroy_inode(inode);
 271			if (!ops->free_inode)
 272				return NULL;
 273		}
 274		inode->free_inode = ops->free_inode;
 275		i_callback(&inode->i_rcu);
 276		return NULL;
 277	}
 278
 279	return inode;
 280}
 281
 282void __destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
 283{
 284	BUG_ON(inode_has_buffers(inode));
 285	inode_detach_wb(inode);
 286	security_inode_free(inode);
 287	fsnotify_inode_delete(inode);
 288	locks_free_lock_context(inode);
 289	if (!inode->i_nlink) {
 290		WARN_ON(atomic_long_read(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count) == 0);
 291		atomic_long_dec(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 292	}
 293
 294#ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL
 295	if (inode->i_acl && !is_uncached_acl(inode->i_acl))
 296		posix_acl_release(inode->i_acl);
 297	if (inode->i_default_acl && !is_uncached_acl(inode->i_default_acl))
 298		posix_acl_release(inode->i_default_acl);
 299#endif
 300	this_cpu_dec(nr_inodes);
 301}
 302EXPORT_SYMBOL(__destroy_inode);
 303
 304static void destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
 305{
 306	const struct super_operations *ops = inode->i_sb->s_op;
 307
 308	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_lru));
 309	__destroy_inode(inode);
 310	if (ops->destroy_inode) {
 311		ops->destroy_inode(inode);
 312		if (!ops->free_inode)
 313			return;
 314	}
 315	inode->free_inode = ops->free_inode;
 316	call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, i_callback);
 317}
 318
 319/**
 320 * drop_nlink - directly drop an inode's link count
 321 * @inode: inode
 322 *
 323 * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
 324 * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.  In cases
 325 * where we are attempting to track writes to the
 326 * filesystem, a decrement to zero means an imminent
 327 * write when the file is truncated and actually unlinked
 328 * on the filesystem.
 329 */
 330void drop_nlink(struct inode *inode)
 331{
 332	WARN_ON(inode->i_nlink == 0);
 333	inode->__i_nlink--;
 334	if (!inode->i_nlink)
 335		atomic_long_inc(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 336}
 337EXPORT_SYMBOL(drop_nlink);
 338
 339/**
 340 * clear_nlink - directly zero an inode's link count
 341 * @inode: inode
 342 *
 343 * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
 344 * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.  See
 345 * drop_nlink() for why we care about i_nlink hitting zero.
 346 */
 347void clear_nlink(struct inode *inode)
 348{
 349	if (inode->i_nlink) {
 350		inode->__i_nlink = 0;
 351		atomic_long_inc(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 352	}
 353}
 354EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_nlink);
 355
 356/**
 357 * set_nlink - directly set an inode's link count
 358 * @inode: inode
 359 * @nlink: new nlink (should be non-zero)
 360 *
 361 * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
 362 * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.
 363 */
 364void set_nlink(struct inode *inode, unsigned int nlink)
 365{
 366	if (!nlink) {
 367		clear_nlink(inode);
 368	} else {
 369		/* Yes, some filesystems do change nlink from zero to one */
 370		if (inode->i_nlink == 0)
 371			atomic_long_dec(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 372
 373		inode->__i_nlink = nlink;
 374	}
 375}
 376EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_nlink);
 377
 378/**
 379 * inc_nlink - directly increment an inode's link count
 380 * @inode: inode
 381 *
 382 * This is a low-level filesystem helper to replace any
 383 * direct filesystem manipulation of i_nlink.  Currently,
 384 * it is only here for parity with dec_nlink().
 385 */
 386void inc_nlink(struct inode *inode)
 387{
 388	if (unlikely(inode->i_nlink == 0)) {
 389		WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_LINKABLE));
 390		atomic_long_dec(&inode->i_sb->s_remove_count);
 391	}
 392
 393	inode->__i_nlink++;
 394}
 395EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_nlink);
 396
 397static void __address_space_init_once(struct address_space *mapping)
 398{
 399	xa_init_flags(&mapping->i_pages, XA_FLAGS_LOCK_IRQ | XA_FLAGS_ACCOUNT);
 400	init_rwsem(&mapping->i_mmap_rwsem);
 401	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mapping->i_private_list);
 402	spin_lock_init(&mapping->i_private_lock);
 403	mapping->i_mmap = RB_ROOT_CACHED;
 404}
 405
 406void address_space_init_once(struct address_space *mapping)
 407{
 408	memset(mapping, 0, sizeof(*mapping));
 409	__address_space_init_once(mapping);
 410}
 411EXPORT_SYMBOL(address_space_init_once);
 412
 413/*
 414 * These are initializations that only need to be done
 415 * once, because the fields are idempotent across use
 416 * of the inode, so let the slab aware of that.
 417 */
 418void inode_init_once(struct inode *inode)
 419{
 420	memset(inode, 0, sizeof(*inode));
 421	INIT_HLIST_NODE(&inode->i_hash);
 422	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_devices);
 423	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_io_list);
 424	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_wb_list);
 425	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_lru);
 426	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&inode->i_sb_list);
 427	__address_space_init_once(&inode->i_data);
 428	i_size_ordered_init(inode);
 429}
 430EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_once);
 431
 432static void init_once(void *foo)
 433{
 434	struct inode *inode = (struct inode *) foo;
 435
 436	inode_init_once(inode);
 437}
 438
 439/*
 440 * inode->i_lock must be held
 441 */
 442void __iget(struct inode *inode)
 443{
 444	atomic_inc(&inode->i_count);
 445}
 446
 447/*
 448 * get additional reference to inode; caller must already hold one.
 449 */
 450void ihold(struct inode *inode)
 451{
 452	WARN_ON(atomic_inc_return(&inode->i_count) < 2);
 453}
 454EXPORT_SYMBOL(ihold);
 455
 456static void __inode_add_lru(struct inode *inode, bool rotate)
 457{
 458	if (inode->i_state & (I_DIRTY_ALL | I_SYNC | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE))
 459		return;
 460	if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count))
 461		return;
 462	if (!(inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE))
 463		return;
 464	if (!mapping_shrinkable(&inode->i_data))
 465		return;
 466
 467	if (list_lru_add_obj(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_lru, &inode->i_lru))
 468		this_cpu_inc(nr_unused);
 469	else if (rotate)
 470		inode->i_state |= I_REFERENCED;
 471}
 472
 473/*
 474 * Add inode to LRU if needed (inode is unused and clean).
 475 *
 476 * Needs inode->i_lock held.
 477 */
 478void inode_add_lru(struct inode *inode)
 479{
 480	__inode_add_lru(inode, false);
 481}
 482
 483static void inode_lru_list_del(struct inode *inode)
 484{
 485	if (list_lru_del_obj(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_lru, &inode->i_lru))
 486		this_cpu_dec(nr_unused);
 487}
 488
 489/**
 490 * inode_sb_list_add - add inode to the superblock list of inodes
 491 * @inode: inode to add
 492 */
 493void inode_sb_list_add(struct inode *inode)
 494{
 495	spin_lock(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 496	list_add(&inode->i_sb_list, &inode->i_sb->s_inodes);
 497	spin_unlock(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 498}
 499EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inode_sb_list_add);
 500
 501static inline void inode_sb_list_del(struct inode *inode)
 502{
 503	if (!list_empty(&inode->i_sb_list)) {
 504		spin_lock(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 505		list_del_init(&inode->i_sb_list);
 506		spin_unlock(&inode->i_sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 507	}
 508}
 509
 510static unsigned long hash(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval)
 511{
 512	unsigned long tmp;
 513
 514	tmp = (hashval * (unsigned long)sb) ^ (GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME + hashval) /
 515			L1_CACHE_BYTES;
 516	tmp = tmp ^ ((tmp ^ GOLDEN_RATIO_PRIME) >> i_hash_shift);
 517	return tmp & i_hash_mask;
 518}
 519
 520/**
 521 *	__insert_inode_hash - hash an inode
 522 *	@inode: unhashed inode
 523 *	@hashval: unsigned long value used to locate this object in the
 524 *		inode_hashtable.
 525 *
 526 *	Add an inode to the inode hash for this superblock.
 527 */
 528void __insert_inode_hash(struct inode *inode, unsigned long hashval)
 529{
 530	struct hlist_head *b = inode_hashtable + hash(inode->i_sb, hashval);
 531
 532	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
 533	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 534	hlist_add_head_rcu(&inode->i_hash, b);
 535	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 536	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
 537}
 538EXPORT_SYMBOL(__insert_inode_hash);
 539
 540/**
 541 *	__remove_inode_hash - remove an inode from the hash
 542 *	@inode: inode to unhash
 543 *
 544 *	Remove an inode from the superblock.
 545 */
 546void __remove_inode_hash(struct inode *inode)
 547{
 548	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
 549	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 550	hlist_del_init_rcu(&inode->i_hash);
 551	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 552	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
 553}
 554EXPORT_SYMBOL(__remove_inode_hash);
 555
 556void dump_mapping(const struct address_space *mapping)
 557{
 558	struct inode *host;
 559	const struct address_space_operations *a_ops;
 560	struct hlist_node *dentry_first;
 561	struct dentry *dentry_ptr;
 562	struct dentry dentry;
 563	unsigned long ino;
 564
 565	/*
 566	 * If mapping is an invalid pointer, we don't want to crash
 567	 * accessing it, so probe everything depending on it carefully.
 568	 */
 569	if (get_kernel_nofault(host, &mapping->host) ||
 570	    get_kernel_nofault(a_ops, &mapping->a_ops)) {
 571		pr_warn("invalid mapping:%px\n", mapping);
 572		return;
 573	}
 574
 575	if (!host) {
 576		pr_warn("aops:%ps\n", a_ops);
 577		return;
 578	}
 579
 580	if (get_kernel_nofault(dentry_first, &host->i_dentry.first) ||
 581	    get_kernel_nofault(ino, &host->i_ino)) {
 582		pr_warn("aops:%ps invalid inode:%px\n", a_ops, host);
 583		return;
 584	}
 585
 586	if (!dentry_first) {
 587		pr_warn("aops:%ps ino:%lx\n", a_ops, ino);
 588		return;
 589	}
 590
 591	dentry_ptr = container_of(dentry_first, struct dentry, d_u.d_alias);
 592	if (get_kernel_nofault(dentry, dentry_ptr) ||
 593	    !dentry.d_parent || !dentry.d_name.name) {
 594		pr_warn("aops:%ps ino:%lx invalid dentry:%px\n",
 595				a_ops, ino, dentry_ptr);
 596		return;
 597	}
 598
 599	/*
 600	 * if dentry is corrupted, the %pd handler may still crash,
 601	 * but it's unlikely that we reach here with a corrupt mapping
 602	 */
 603	pr_warn("aops:%ps ino:%lx dentry name:\"%pd\"\n", a_ops, ino, &dentry);
 604}
 605
 606void clear_inode(struct inode *inode)
 607{
 608	/*
 609	 * We have to cycle the i_pages lock here because reclaim can be in the
 610	 * process of removing the last page (in __filemap_remove_folio())
 611	 * and we must not free the mapping under it.
 612	 */
 613	xa_lock_irq(&inode->i_data.i_pages);
 614	BUG_ON(inode->i_data.nrpages);
 615	/*
 616	 * Almost always, mapping_empty(&inode->i_data) here; but there are
 617	 * two known and long-standing ways in which nodes may get left behind
 618	 * (when deep radix-tree node allocation failed partway; or when THP
 619	 * collapse_file() failed). Until those two known cases are cleaned up,
 620	 * or a cleanup function is called here, do not BUG_ON(!mapping_empty),
 621	 * nor even WARN_ON(!mapping_empty).
 622	 */
 623	xa_unlock_irq(&inode->i_data.i_pages);
 624	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_data.i_private_list));
 625	BUG_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_FREEING));
 626	BUG_ON(inode->i_state & I_CLEAR);
 627	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_wb_list));
 628	/* don't need i_lock here, no concurrent mods to i_state */
 629	inode->i_state = I_FREEING | I_CLEAR;
 630}
 631EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_inode);
 632
 633/*
 634 * Free the inode passed in, removing it from the lists it is still connected
 635 * to. We remove any pages still attached to the inode and wait for any IO that
 636 * is still in progress before finally destroying the inode.
 637 *
 638 * An inode must already be marked I_FREEING so that we avoid the inode being
 639 * moved back onto lists if we race with other code that manipulates the lists
 640 * (e.g. writeback_single_inode). The caller is responsible for setting this.
 641 *
 642 * An inode must already be removed from the LRU list before being evicted from
 643 * the cache. This should occur atomically with setting the I_FREEING state
 644 * flag, so no inodes here should ever be on the LRU when being evicted.
 645 */
 646static void evict(struct inode *inode)
 647{
 648	const struct super_operations *op = inode->i_sb->s_op;
 649
 650	BUG_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_FREEING));
 651	BUG_ON(!list_empty(&inode->i_lru));
 652
 653	if (!list_empty(&inode->i_io_list))
 654		inode_io_list_del(inode);
 655
 656	inode_sb_list_del(inode);
 657
 658	/*
 659	 * Wait for flusher thread to be done with the inode so that filesystem
 660	 * does not start destroying it while writeback is still running. Since
 661	 * the inode has I_FREEING set, flusher thread won't start new work on
 662	 * the inode.  We just have to wait for running writeback to finish.
 663	 */
 664	inode_wait_for_writeback(inode);
 665
 666	if (op->evict_inode) {
 667		op->evict_inode(inode);
 668	} else {
 669		truncate_inode_pages_final(&inode->i_data);
 670		clear_inode(inode);
 671	}
 672	if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) && inode->i_cdev)
 673		cd_forget(inode);
 674
 675	remove_inode_hash(inode);
 676
 677	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 678	wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
 679	BUG_ON(inode->i_state != (I_FREEING | I_CLEAR));
 680	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 681
 682	destroy_inode(inode);
 683}
 684
 685/*
 686 * dispose_list - dispose of the contents of a local list
 687 * @head: the head of the list to free
 688 *
 689 * Dispose-list gets a local list with local inodes in it, so it doesn't
 690 * need to worry about list corruption and SMP locks.
 691 */
 692static void dispose_list(struct list_head *head)
 693{
 694	while (!list_empty(head)) {
 695		struct inode *inode;
 696
 697		inode = list_first_entry(head, struct inode, i_lru);
 698		list_del_init(&inode->i_lru);
 699
 700		evict(inode);
 701		cond_resched();
 702	}
 703}
 704
 705/**
 706 * evict_inodes	- evict all evictable inodes for a superblock
 707 * @sb:		superblock to operate on
 708 *
 709 * Make sure that no inodes with zero refcount are retained.  This is
 710 * called by superblock shutdown after having SB_ACTIVE flag removed,
 711 * so any inode reaching zero refcount during or after that call will
 712 * be immediately evicted.
 713 */
 714void evict_inodes(struct super_block *sb)
 715{
 716	struct inode *inode, *next;
 717	LIST_HEAD(dispose);
 718
 719again:
 720	spin_lock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 721	list_for_each_entry_safe(inode, next, &sb->s_inodes, i_sb_list) {
 722		if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count))
 723			continue;
 724
 725		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 726		if (inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) {
 727			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 728			continue;
 729		}
 730
 731		inode->i_state |= I_FREEING;
 732		inode_lru_list_del(inode);
 733		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 734		list_add(&inode->i_lru, &dispose);
 735
 736		/*
 737		 * We can have a ton of inodes to evict at unmount time given
 738		 * enough memory, check to see if we need to go to sleep for a
 739		 * bit so we don't livelock.
 740		 */
 741		if (need_resched()) {
 742			spin_unlock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 743			cond_resched();
 744			dispose_list(&dispose);
 745			goto again;
 746		}
 747	}
 748	spin_unlock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 749
 750	dispose_list(&dispose);
 751}
 752EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(evict_inodes);
 753
 754/**
 755 * invalidate_inodes	- attempt to free all inodes on a superblock
 756 * @sb:		superblock to operate on
 757 *
 758 * Attempts to free all inodes (including dirty inodes) for a given superblock.
 759 */
 760void invalidate_inodes(struct super_block *sb)
 761{
 762	struct inode *inode, *next;
 763	LIST_HEAD(dispose);
 764
 765again:
 766	spin_lock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 767	list_for_each_entry_safe(inode, next, &sb->s_inodes, i_sb_list) {
 768		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 769		if (inode->i_state & (I_NEW | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) {
 770			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 771			continue;
 772		}
 773		if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count)) {
 774			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 775			continue;
 776		}
 777
 778		inode->i_state |= I_FREEING;
 779		inode_lru_list_del(inode);
 780		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 781		list_add(&inode->i_lru, &dispose);
 782		if (need_resched()) {
 783			spin_unlock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 784			cond_resched();
 785			dispose_list(&dispose);
 786			goto again;
 787		}
 788	}
 789	spin_unlock(&sb->s_inode_list_lock);
 790
 791	dispose_list(&dispose);
 792}
 793
 794/*
 795 * Isolate the inode from the LRU in preparation for freeing it.
 796 *
 797 * If the inode has the I_REFERENCED flag set, then it means that it has been
 798 * used recently - the flag is set in iput_final(). When we encounter such an
 799 * inode, clear the flag and move it to the back of the LRU so it gets another
 800 * pass through the LRU before it gets reclaimed. This is necessary because of
 801 * the fact we are doing lazy LRU updates to minimise lock contention so the
 802 * LRU does not have strict ordering. Hence we don't want to reclaim inodes
 803 * with this flag set because they are the inodes that are out of order.
 804 */
 805static enum lru_status inode_lru_isolate(struct list_head *item,
 806		struct list_lru_one *lru, spinlock_t *lru_lock, void *arg)
 807{
 808	struct list_head *freeable = arg;
 809	struct inode	*inode = container_of(item, struct inode, i_lru);
 810
 811	/*
 812	 * We are inverting the lru lock/inode->i_lock here, so use a
 813	 * trylock. If we fail to get the lock, just skip it.
 814	 */
 815	if (!spin_trylock(&inode->i_lock))
 816		return LRU_SKIP;
 817
 818	/*
 819	 * Inodes can get referenced, redirtied, or repopulated while
 820	 * they're already on the LRU, and this can make them
 821	 * unreclaimable for a while. Remove them lazily here; iput,
 822	 * sync, or the last page cache deletion will requeue them.
 823	 */
 824	if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count) ||
 825	    (inode->i_state & ~I_REFERENCED) ||
 826	    !mapping_shrinkable(&inode->i_data)) {
 827		list_lru_isolate(lru, &inode->i_lru);
 828		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 829		this_cpu_dec(nr_unused);
 830		return LRU_REMOVED;
 831	}
 832
 833	/* Recently referenced inodes get one more pass */
 834	if (inode->i_state & I_REFERENCED) {
 835		inode->i_state &= ~I_REFERENCED;
 836		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 837		return LRU_ROTATE;
 838	}
 839
 840	/*
 841	 * On highmem systems, mapping_shrinkable() permits dropping
 842	 * page cache in order to free up struct inodes: lowmem might
 843	 * be under pressure before the cache inside the highmem zone.
 844	 */
 845	if (inode_has_buffers(inode) || !mapping_empty(&inode->i_data)) {
 846		__iget(inode);
 847		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 848		spin_unlock(lru_lock);
 849		if (remove_inode_buffers(inode)) {
 850			unsigned long reap;
 851			reap = invalidate_mapping_pages(&inode->i_data, 0, -1);
 852			if (current_is_kswapd())
 853				__count_vm_events(KSWAPD_INODESTEAL, reap);
 854			else
 855				__count_vm_events(PGINODESTEAL, reap);
 856			mm_account_reclaimed_pages(reap);
 857		}
 858		iput(inode);
 859		spin_lock(lru_lock);
 860		return LRU_RETRY;
 861	}
 862
 863	WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_NEW);
 864	inode->i_state |= I_FREEING;
 865	list_lru_isolate_move(lru, &inode->i_lru, freeable);
 866	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 867
 868	this_cpu_dec(nr_unused);
 869	return LRU_REMOVED;
 870}
 871
 872/*
 873 * Walk the superblock inode LRU for freeable inodes and attempt to free them.
 874 * This is called from the superblock shrinker function with a number of inodes
 875 * to trim from the LRU. Inodes to be freed are moved to a temporary list and
 876 * then are freed outside inode_lock by dispose_list().
 877 */
 878long prune_icache_sb(struct super_block *sb, struct shrink_control *sc)
 879{
 880	LIST_HEAD(freeable);
 881	long freed;
 882
 883	freed = list_lru_shrink_walk(&sb->s_inode_lru, sc,
 884				     inode_lru_isolate, &freeable);
 885	dispose_list(&freeable);
 886	return freed;
 887}
 888
 889static void __wait_on_freeing_inode(struct inode *inode);
 890/*
 891 * Called with the inode lock held.
 892 */
 893static struct inode *find_inode(struct super_block *sb,
 894				struct hlist_head *head,
 895				int (*test)(struct inode *, void *),
 896				void *data)
 897{
 898	struct inode *inode = NULL;
 899
 900repeat:
 901	hlist_for_each_entry(inode, head, i_hash) {
 902		if (inode->i_sb != sb)
 903			continue;
 904		if (!test(inode, data))
 905			continue;
 906		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 907		if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) {
 908			__wait_on_freeing_inode(inode);
 909			goto repeat;
 910		}
 911		if (unlikely(inode->i_state & I_CREATING)) {
 912			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 913			return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
 914		}
 915		__iget(inode);
 916		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 917		return inode;
 918	}
 919	return NULL;
 920}
 921
 922/*
 923 * find_inode_fast is the fast path version of find_inode, see the comment at
 924 * iget_locked for details.
 925 */
 926static struct inode *find_inode_fast(struct super_block *sb,
 927				struct hlist_head *head, unsigned long ino)
 928{
 929	struct inode *inode = NULL;
 930
 931repeat:
 932	hlist_for_each_entry(inode, head, i_hash) {
 933		if (inode->i_ino != ino)
 934			continue;
 935		if (inode->i_sb != sb)
 936			continue;
 937		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
 938		if (inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) {
 939			__wait_on_freeing_inode(inode);
 940			goto repeat;
 941		}
 942		if (unlikely(inode->i_state & I_CREATING)) {
 943			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 944			return ERR_PTR(-ESTALE);
 945		}
 946		__iget(inode);
 947		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
 948		return inode;
 949	}
 950	return NULL;
 951}
 952
 953/*
 954 * Each cpu owns a range of LAST_INO_BATCH numbers.
 955 * 'shared_last_ino' is dirtied only once out of LAST_INO_BATCH allocations,
 956 * to renew the exhausted range.
 957 *
 958 * This does not significantly increase overflow rate because every CPU can
 959 * consume at most LAST_INO_BATCH-1 unused inode numbers. So there is
 960 * NR_CPUS*(LAST_INO_BATCH-1) wastage. At 4096 and 1024, this is ~0.1% of the
 961 * 2^32 range, and is a worst-case. Even a 50% wastage would only increase
 962 * overflow rate by 2x, which does not seem too significant.
 963 *
 964 * On a 32bit, non LFS stat() call, glibc will generate an EOVERFLOW
 965 * error if st_ino won't fit in target struct field. Use 32bit counter
 966 * here to attempt to avoid that.
 967 */
 968#define LAST_INO_BATCH 1024
 969static DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned int, last_ino);
 970
 971unsigned int get_next_ino(void)
 972{
 973	unsigned int *p = &get_cpu_var(last_ino);
 974	unsigned int res = *p;
 975
 976#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 977	if (unlikely((res & (LAST_INO_BATCH-1)) == 0)) {
 978		static atomic_t shared_last_ino;
 979		int next = atomic_add_return(LAST_INO_BATCH, &shared_last_ino);
 980
 981		res = next - LAST_INO_BATCH;
 982	}
 983#endif
 984
 985	res++;
 986	/* get_next_ino should not provide a 0 inode number */
 987	if (unlikely(!res))
 988		res++;
 989	*p = res;
 990	put_cpu_var(last_ino);
 991	return res;
 992}
 993EXPORT_SYMBOL(get_next_ino);
 994
 995/**
 996 *	new_inode_pseudo 	- obtain an inode
 997 *	@sb: superblock
 998 *
 999 *	Allocates a new inode for given superblock.
1000 *	Inode wont be chained in superblock s_inodes list
1001 *	This means :
1002 *	- fs can't be unmount
1003 *	- quotas, fsnotify, writeback can't work
1004 */
1005struct inode *new_inode_pseudo(struct super_block *sb)
1006{
1007	struct inode *inode = alloc_inode(sb);
1008
1009	if (inode) {
1010		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1011		inode->i_state = 0;
1012		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1013	}
1014	return inode;
1015}
1016
1017/**
1018 *	new_inode 	- obtain an inode
1019 *	@sb: superblock
1020 *
1021 *	Allocates a new inode for given superblock. The default gfp_mask
1022 *	for allocations related to inode->i_mapping is GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE.
1023 *	If HIGHMEM pages are unsuitable or it is known that pages allocated
1024 *	for the page cache are not reclaimable or migratable,
1025 *	mapping_set_gfp_mask() must be called with suitable flags on the
1026 *	newly created inode's mapping
1027 *
1028 */
1029struct inode *new_inode(struct super_block *sb)
1030{
1031	struct inode *inode;
1032
1033	inode = new_inode_pseudo(sb);
1034	if (inode)
1035		inode_sb_list_add(inode);
1036	return inode;
1037}
1038EXPORT_SYMBOL(new_inode);
1039
1040#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
1041void lockdep_annotate_inode_mutex_key(struct inode *inode)
1042{
1043	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
1044		struct file_system_type *type = inode->i_sb->s_type;
1045
1046		/* Set new key only if filesystem hasn't already changed it */
1047		if (lockdep_match_class(&inode->i_rwsem, &type->i_mutex_key)) {
1048			/*
1049			 * ensure nobody is actually holding i_mutex
1050			 */
1051			// mutex_destroy(&inode->i_mutex);
1052			init_rwsem(&inode->i_rwsem);
1053			lockdep_set_class(&inode->i_rwsem,
1054					  &type->i_mutex_dir_key);
1055		}
1056	}
1057}
1058EXPORT_SYMBOL(lockdep_annotate_inode_mutex_key);
1059#endif
1060
1061/**
1062 * unlock_new_inode - clear the I_NEW state and wake up any waiters
1063 * @inode:	new inode to unlock
1064 *
1065 * Called when the inode is fully initialised to clear the new state of the
1066 * inode and wake up anyone waiting for the inode to finish initialisation.
1067 */
1068void unlock_new_inode(struct inode *inode)
1069{
1070	lockdep_annotate_inode_mutex_key(inode);
1071	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1072	WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_NEW));
1073	inode->i_state &= ~I_NEW & ~I_CREATING;
1074	smp_mb();
1075	wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
1076	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1077}
1078EXPORT_SYMBOL(unlock_new_inode);
1079
1080void discard_new_inode(struct inode *inode)
1081{
1082	lockdep_annotate_inode_mutex_key(inode);
1083	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1084	WARN_ON(!(inode->i_state & I_NEW));
1085	inode->i_state &= ~I_NEW;
1086	smp_mb();
1087	wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
1088	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1089	iput(inode);
1090}
1091EXPORT_SYMBOL(discard_new_inode);
1092
1093/**
1094 * lock_two_nondirectories - take two i_mutexes on non-directory objects
1095 *
1096 * Lock any non-NULL argument. Passed objects must not be directories.
1097 * Zero, one or two objects may be locked by this function.
1098 *
1099 * @inode1: first inode to lock
1100 * @inode2: second inode to lock
1101 */
1102void lock_two_nondirectories(struct inode *inode1, struct inode *inode2)
1103{
1104	if (inode1)
1105		WARN_ON_ONCE(S_ISDIR(inode1->i_mode));
1106	if (inode2)
1107		WARN_ON_ONCE(S_ISDIR(inode2->i_mode));
1108	if (inode1 > inode2)
1109		swap(inode1, inode2);
1110	if (inode1)
1111		inode_lock(inode1);
1112	if (inode2 && inode2 != inode1)
1113		inode_lock_nested(inode2, I_MUTEX_NONDIR2);
1114}
1115EXPORT_SYMBOL(lock_two_nondirectories);
1116
1117/**
1118 * unlock_two_nondirectories - release locks from lock_two_nondirectories()
1119 * @inode1: first inode to unlock
1120 * @inode2: second inode to unlock
1121 */
1122void unlock_two_nondirectories(struct inode *inode1, struct inode *inode2)
1123{
1124	if (inode1) {
1125		WARN_ON_ONCE(S_ISDIR(inode1->i_mode));
1126		inode_unlock(inode1);
1127	}
1128	if (inode2 && inode2 != inode1) {
1129		WARN_ON_ONCE(S_ISDIR(inode2->i_mode));
1130		inode_unlock(inode2);
1131	}
1132}
1133EXPORT_SYMBOL(unlock_two_nondirectories);
1134
1135/**
1136 * inode_insert5 - obtain an inode from a mounted file system
1137 * @inode:	pre-allocated inode to use for insert to cache
1138 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to get
1139 * @test:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1140 * @set:	callback used to initialize a new struct inode
1141 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @test and @set
1142 *
1143 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1144 * and if present it is return it with an increased reference count. This is
1145 * a variant of iget5_locked() for callers that don't want to fail on memory
1146 * allocation of inode.
1147 *
1148 * If the inode is not in cache, insert the pre-allocated inode to cache and
1149 * return it locked, hashed, and with the I_NEW flag set. The file system gets
1150 * to fill it in before unlocking it via unlock_new_inode().
1151 *
1152 * Note both @test and @set are called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't
1153 * sleep.
1154 */
1155struct inode *inode_insert5(struct inode *inode, unsigned long hashval,
1156			    int (*test)(struct inode *, void *),
1157			    int (*set)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1158{
1159	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(inode->i_sb, hashval);
1160	struct inode *old;
1161
1162again:
1163	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1164	old = find_inode(inode->i_sb, head, test, data);
1165	if (unlikely(old)) {
1166		/*
1167		 * Uhhuh, somebody else created the same inode under us.
1168		 * Use the old inode instead of the preallocated one.
1169		 */
1170		spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1171		if (IS_ERR(old))
1172			return NULL;
1173		wait_on_inode(old);
1174		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(old))) {
1175			iput(old);
1176			goto again;
1177		}
1178		return old;
1179	}
1180
1181	if (set && unlikely(set(inode, data))) {
1182		inode = NULL;
1183		goto unlock;
1184	}
1185
1186	/*
1187	 * Return the locked inode with I_NEW set, the
1188	 * caller is responsible for filling in the contents
1189	 */
1190	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1191	inode->i_state |= I_NEW;
1192	hlist_add_head_rcu(&inode->i_hash, head);
1193	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1194
1195	/*
1196	 * Add inode to the sb list if it's not already. It has I_NEW at this
1197	 * point, so it should be safe to test i_sb_list locklessly.
1198	 */
1199	if (list_empty(&inode->i_sb_list))
1200		inode_sb_list_add(inode);
1201unlock:
1202	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1203
1204	return inode;
1205}
1206EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_insert5);
1207
1208/**
1209 * iget5_locked - obtain an inode from a mounted file system
1210 * @sb:		super block of file system
1211 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to get
1212 * @test:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1213 * @set:	callback used to initialize a new struct inode
1214 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @test and @set
1215 *
1216 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1217 * and if present it is return it with an increased reference count. This is
1218 * a generalized version of iget_locked() for file systems where the inode
1219 * number is not sufficient for unique identification of an inode.
1220 *
1221 * If the inode is not in cache, allocate a new inode and return it locked,
1222 * hashed, and with the I_NEW flag set. The file system gets to fill it in
1223 * before unlocking it via unlock_new_inode().
1224 *
1225 * Note both @test and @set are called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't
1226 * sleep.
1227 */
1228struct inode *iget5_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval,
1229		int (*test)(struct inode *, void *),
1230		int (*set)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1231{
1232	struct inode *inode = ilookup5(sb, hashval, test, data);
1233
1234	if (!inode) {
1235		struct inode *new = alloc_inode(sb);
1236
1237		if (new) {
1238			new->i_state = 0;
1239			inode = inode_insert5(new, hashval, test, set, data);
1240			if (unlikely(inode != new))
1241				destroy_inode(new);
1242		}
1243	}
1244	return inode;
1245}
1246EXPORT_SYMBOL(iget5_locked);
1247
1248/**
1249 * iget_locked - obtain an inode from a mounted file system
1250 * @sb:		super block of file system
1251 * @ino:	inode number to get
1252 *
1253 * Search for the inode specified by @ino in the inode cache and if present
1254 * return it with an increased reference count. This is for file systems
1255 * where the inode number is sufficient for unique identification of an inode.
1256 *
1257 * If the inode is not in cache, allocate a new inode and return it locked,
1258 * hashed, and with the I_NEW flag set.  The file system gets to fill it in
1259 * before unlocking it via unlock_new_inode().
1260 */
1261struct inode *iget_locked(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
1262{
1263	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1264	struct inode *inode;
1265again:
1266	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1267	inode = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino);
1268	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1269	if (inode) {
1270		if (IS_ERR(inode))
1271			return NULL;
1272		wait_on_inode(inode);
1273		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(inode))) {
1274			iput(inode);
1275			goto again;
1276		}
1277		return inode;
1278	}
1279
1280	inode = alloc_inode(sb);
1281	if (inode) {
1282		struct inode *old;
1283
1284		spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1285		/* We released the lock, so.. */
1286		old = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino);
1287		if (!old) {
1288			inode->i_ino = ino;
1289			spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1290			inode->i_state = I_NEW;
1291			hlist_add_head_rcu(&inode->i_hash, head);
1292			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1293			inode_sb_list_add(inode);
1294			spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1295
1296			/* Return the locked inode with I_NEW set, the
1297			 * caller is responsible for filling in the contents
1298			 */
1299			return inode;
1300		}
1301
1302		/*
1303		 * Uhhuh, somebody else created the same inode under
1304		 * us. Use the old inode instead of the one we just
1305		 * allocated.
1306		 */
1307		spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1308		destroy_inode(inode);
1309		if (IS_ERR(old))
1310			return NULL;
1311		inode = old;
1312		wait_on_inode(inode);
1313		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(inode))) {
1314			iput(inode);
1315			goto again;
1316		}
1317	}
1318	return inode;
1319}
1320EXPORT_SYMBOL(iget_locked);
1321
1322/*
1323 * search the inode cache for a matching inode number.
1324 * If we find one, then the inode number we are trying to
1325 * allocate is not unique and so we should not use it.
1326 *
1327 * Returns 1 if the inode number is unique, 0 if it is not.
1328 */
1329static int test_inode_iunique(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
1330{
1331	struct hlist_head *b = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1332	struct inode *inode;
1333
1334	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(inode, b, i_hash) {
1335		if (inode->i_ino == ino && inode->i_sb == sb)
1336			return 0;
1337	}
1338	return 1;
1339}
1340
1341/**
1342 *	iunique - get a unique inode number
1343 *	@sb: superblock
1344 *	@max_reserved: highest reserved inode number
1345 *
1346 *	Obtain an inode number that is unique on the system for a given
1347 *	superblock. This is used by file systems that have no natural
1348 *	permanent inode numbering system. An inode number is returned that
1349 *	is higher than the reserved limit but unique.
1350 *
1351 *	BUGS:
1352 *	With a large number of inodes live on the file system this function
1353 *	currently becomes quite slow.
1354 */
1355ino_t iunique(struct super_block *sb, ino_t max_reserved)
1356{
1357	/*
1358	 * On a 32bit, non LFS stat() call, glibc will generate an EOVERFLOW
1359	 * error if st_ino won't fit in target struct field. Use 32bit counter
1360	 * here to attempt to avoid that.
1361	 */
1362	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(iunique_lock);
1363	static unsigned int counter;
1364	ino_t res;
1365
1366	rcu_read_lock();
1367	spin_lock(&iunique_lock);
1368	do {
1369		if (counter <= max_reserved)
1370			counter = max_reserved + 1;
1371		res = counter++;
1372	} while (!test_inode_iunique(sb, res));
1373	spin_unlock(&iunique_lock);
1374	rcu_read_unlock();
1375
1376	return res;
1377}
1378EXPORT_SYMBOL(iunique);
1379
1380struct inode *igrab(struct inode *inode)
1381{
1382	spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1383	if (!(inode->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE))) {
1384		__iget(inode);
1385		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1386	} else {
1387		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1388		/*
1389		 * Handle the case where s_op->clear_inode is not been
1390		 * called yet, and somebody is calling igrab
1391		 * while the inode is getting freed.
1392		 */
1393		inode = NULL;
1394	}
1395	return inode;
1396}
1397EXPORT_SYMBOL(igrab);
1398
1399/**
1400 * ilookup5_nowait - search for an inode in the inode cache
1401 * @sb:		super block of file system to search
1402 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to search for
1403 * @test:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1404 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @test
1405 *
1406 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache.
1407 * If the inode is in the cache, the inode is returned with an incremented
1408 * reference count.
1409 *
1410 * Note: I_NEW is not waited upon so you have to be very careful what you do
1411 * with the returned inode.  You probably should be using ilookup5() instead.
1412 *
1413 * Note2: @test is called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't sleep.
1414 */
1415struct inode *ilookup5_nowait(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval,
1416		int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1417{
1418	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval);
1419	struct inode *inode;
1420
1421	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1422	inode = find_inode(sb, head, test, data);
1423	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1424
1425	return IS_ERR(inode) ? NULL : inode;
1426}
1427EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup5_nowait);
1428
1429/**
1430 * ilookup5 - search for an inode in the inode cache
1431 * @sb:		super block of file system to search
1432 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to search for
1433 * @test:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1434 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @test
1435 *
1436 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1437 * and if the inode is in the cache, return the inode with an incremented
1438 * reference count.  Waits on I_NEW before returning the inode.
1439 * returned with an incremented reference count.
1440 *
1441 * This is a generalized version of ilookup() for file systems where the
1442 * inode number is not sufficient for unique identification of an inode.
1443 *
1444 * Note: @test is called with the inode_hash_lock held, so can't sleep.
1445 */
1446struct inode *ilookup5(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval,
1447		int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1448{
1449	struct inode *inode;
1450again:
1451	inode = ilookup5_nowait(sb, hashval, test, data);
1452	if (inode) {
1453		wait_on_inode(inode);
1454		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(inode))) {
1455			iput(inode);
1456			goto again;
1457		}
1458	}
1459	return inode;
1460}
1461EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup5);
1462
1463/**
1464 * ilookup - search for an inode in the inode cache
1465 * @sb:		super block of file system to search
1466 * @ino:	inode number to search for
1467 *
1468 * Search for the inode @ino in the inode cache, and if the inode is in the
1469 * cache, the inode is returned with an incremented reference count.
1470 */
1471struct inode *ilookup(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
1472{
1473	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1474	struct inode *inode;
1475again:
1476	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1477	inode = find_inode_fast(sb, head, ino);
1478	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1479
1480	if (inode) {
1481		if (IS_ERR(inode))
1482			return NULL;
1483		wait_on_inode(inode);
1484		if (unlikely(inode_unhashed(inode))) {
1485			iput(inode);
1486			goto again;
1487		}
1488	}
1489	return inode;
1490}
1491EXPORT_SYMBOL(ilookup);
1492
1493/**
1494 * find_inode_nowait - find an inode in the inode cache
1495 * @sb:		super block of file system to search
1496 * @hashval:	hash value (usually inode number) to search for
1497 * @match:	callback used for comparisons between inodes
1498 * @data:	opaque data pointer to pass to @match
1499 *
1500 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode
1501 * cache, where the helper function @match will return 0 if the inode
1502 * does not match, 1 if the inode does match, and -1 if the search
1503 * should be stopped.  The @match function must be responsible for
1504 * taking the i_lock spin_lock and checking i_state for an inode being
1505 * freed or being initialized, and incrementing the reference count
1506 * before returning 1.  It also must not sleep, since it is called with
1507 * the inode_hash_lock spinlock held.
1508 *
1509 * This is a even more generalized version of ilookup5() when the
1510 * function must never block --- find_inode() can block in
1511 * __wait_on_freeing_inode() --- or when the caller can not increment
1512 * the reference count because the resulting iput() might cause an
1513 * inode eviction.  The tradeoff is that the @match funtion must be
1514 * very carefully implemented.
1515 */
1516struct inode *find_inode_nowait(struct super_block *sb,
1517				unsigned long hashval,
1518				int (*match)(struct inode *, unsigned long,
1519					     void *),
1520				void *data)
1521{
1522	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval);
1523	struct inode *inode, *ret_inode = NULL;
1524	int mval;
1525
1526	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1527	hlist_for_each_entry(inode, head, i_hash) {
1528		if (inode->i_sb != sb)
1529			continue;
1530		mval = match(inode, hashval, data);
1531		if (mval == 0)
1532			continue;
1533		if (mval == 1)
1534			ret_inode = inode;
1535		goto out;
1536	}
1537out:
1538	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1539	return ret_inode;
1540}
1541EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_inode_nowait);
1542
1543/**
1544 * find_inode_rcu - find an inode in the inode cache
1545 * @sb:		Super block of file system to search
1546 * @hashval:	Key to hash
1547 * @test:	Function to test match on an inode
1548 * @data:	Data for test function
1549 *
1550 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1551 * where the helper function @test will return 0 if the inode does not match
1552 * and 1 if it does.  The @test function must be responsible for taking the
1553 * i_lock spin_lock and checking i_state for an inode being freed or being
1554 * initialized.
1555 *
1556 * If successful, this will return the inode for which the @test function
1557 * returned 1 and NULL otherwise.
1558 *
1559 * The @test function is not permitted to take a ref on any inode presented.
1560 * It is also not permitted to sleep.
1561 *
1562 * The caller must hold the RCU read lock.
1563 */
1564struct inode *find_inode_rcu(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long hashval,
1565			     int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1566{
1567	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, hashval);
1568	struct inode *inode;
1569
1570	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_read_lock_held(),
1571			 "suspicious find_inode_rcu() usage");
1572
1573	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(inode, head, i_hash) {
1574		if (inode->i_sb == sb &&
1575		    !(READ_ONCE(inode->i_state) & (I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)) &&
1576		    test(inode, data))
1577			return inode;
1578	}
1579	return NULL;
1580}
1581EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_inode_rcu);
1582
1583/**
1584 * find_inode_by_ino_rcu - Find an inode in the inode cache
1585 * @sb:		Super block of file system to search
1586 * @ino:	The inode number to match
1587 *
1588 * Search for the inode specified by @hashval and @data in the inode cache,
1589 * where the helper function @test will return 0 if the inode does not match
1590 * and 1 if it does.  The @test function must be responsible for taking the
1591 * i_lock spin_lock and checking i_state for an inode being freed or being
1592 * initialized.
1593 *
1594 * If successful, this will return the inode for which the @test function
1595 * returned 1 and NULL otherwise.
1596 *
1597 * The @test function is not permitted to take a ref on any inode presented.
1598 * It is also not permitted to sleep.
1599 *
1600 * The caller must hold the RCU read lock.
1601 */
1602struct inode *find_inode_by_ino_rcu(struct super_block *sb,
1603				    unsigned long ino)
1604{
1605	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1606	struct inode *inode;
1607
1608	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_read_lock_held(),
1609			 "suspicious find_inode_by_ino_rcu() usage");
1610
1611	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(inode, head, i_hash) {
1612		if (inode->i_ino == ino &&
1613		    inode->i_sb == sb &&
1614		    !(READ_ONCE(inode->i_state) & (I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE)))
1615		    return inode;
1616	}
1617	return NULL;
1618}
1619EXPORT_SYMBOL(find_inode_by_ino_rcu);
1620
1621int insert_inode_locked(struct inode *inode)
1622{
1623	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
1624	ino_t ino = inode->i_ino;
1625	struct hlist_head *head = inode_hashtable + hash(sb, ino);
1626
1627	while (1) {
1628		struct inode *old = NULL;
1629		spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
1630		hlist_for_each_entry(old, head, i_hash) {
1631			if (old->i_ino != ino)
1632				continue;
1633			if (old->i_sb != sb)
1634				continue;
1635			spin_lock(&old->i_lock);
1636			if (old->i_state & (I_FREEING|I_WILL_FREE)) {
1637				spin_unlock(&old->i_lock);
1638				continue;
1639			}
1640			break;
1641		}
1642		if (likely(!old)) {
1643			spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1644			inode->i_state |= I_NEW | I_CREATING;
1645			hlist_add_head_rcu(&inode->i_hash, head);
1646			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1647			spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1648			return 0;
1649		}
1650		if (unlikely(old->i_state & I_CREATING)) {
1651			spin_unlock(&old->i_lock);
1652			spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1653			return -EBUSY;
1654		}
1655		__iget(old);
1656		spin_unlock(&old->i_lock);
1657		spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
1658		wait_on_inode(old);
1659		if (unlikely(!inode_unhashed(old))) {
1660			iput(old);
1661			return -EBUSY;
1662		}
1663		iput(old);
1664	}
1665}
1666EXPORT_SYMBOL(insert_inode_locked);
1667
1668int insert_inode_locked4(struct inode *inode, unsigned long hashval,
1669		int (*test)(struct inode *, void *), void *data)
1670{
1671	struct inode *old;
1672
1673	inode->i_state |= I_CREATING;
1674	old = inode_insert5(inode, hashval, test, NULL, data);
1675
1676	if (old != inode) {
1677		iput(old);
1678		return -EBUSY;
1679	}
1680	return 0;
1681}
1682EXPORT_SYMBOL(insert_inode_locked4);
1683
1684
1685int generic_delete_inode(struct inode *inode)
1686{
1687	return 1;
1688}
1689EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_delete_inode);
1690
1691/*
1692 * Called when we're dropping the last reference
1693 * to an inode.
1694 *
1695 * Call the FS "drop_inode()" function, defaulting to
1696 * the legacy UNIX filesystem behaviour.  If it tells
1697 * us to evict inode, do so.  Otherwise, retain inode
1698 * in cache if fs is alive, sync and evict if fs is
1699 * shutting down.
1700 */
1701static void iput_final(struct inode *inode)
1702{
1703	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
1704	const struct super_operations *op = inode->i_sb->s_op;
1705	unsigned long state;
1706	int drop;
1707
1708	WARN_ON(inode->i_state & I_NEW);
1709
1710	if (op->drop_inode)
1711		drop = op->drop_inode(inode);
1712	else
1713		drop = generic_drop_inode(inode);
1714
1715	if (!drop &&
1716	    !(inode->i_state & I_DONTCACHE) &&
1717	    (sb->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE)) {
1718		__inode_add_lru(inode, true);
1719		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1720		return;
1721	}
1722
1723	state = inode->i_state;
1724	if (!drop) {
1725		WRITE_ONCE(inode->i_state, state | I_WILL_FREE);
1726		spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1727
1728		write_inode_now(inode, 1);
1729
1730		spin_lock(&inode->i_lock);
1731		state = inode->i_state;
1732		WARN_ON(state & I_NEW);
1733		state &= ~I_WILL_FREE;
1734	}
1735
1736	WRITE_ONCE(inode->i_state, state | I_FREEING);
1737	if (!list_empty(&inode->i_lru))
1738		inode_lru_list_del(inode);
1739	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1740
1741	evict(inode);
1742}
1743
1744/**
1745 *	iput	- put an inode
1746 *	@inode: inode to put
1747 *
1748 *	Puts an inode, dropping its usage count. If the inode use count hits
1749 *	zero, the inode is then freed and may also be destroyed.
1750 *
1751 *	Consequently, iput() can sleep.
1752 */
1753void iput(struct inode *inode)
1754{
1755	if (!inode)
1756		return;
1757	BUG_ON(inode->i_state & I_CLEAR);
1758retry:
1759	if (atomic_dec_and_lock(&inode->i_count, &inode->i_lock)) {
1760		if (inode->i_nlink && (inode->i_state & I_DIRTY_TIME)) {
1761			atomic_inc(&inode->i_count);
1762			spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
1763			trace_writeback_lazytime_iput(inode);
1764			mark_inode_dirty_sync(inode);
1765			goto retry;
1766		}
1767		iput_final(inode);
1768	}
1769}
1770EXPORT_SYMBOL(iput);
1771
1772#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
1773/**
1774 *	bmap	- find a block number in a file
1775 *	@inode:  inode owning the block number being requested
1776 *	@block: pointer containing the block to find
1777 *
1778 *	Replaces the value in ``*block`` with the block number on the device holding
1779 *	corresponding to the requested block number in the file.
1780 *	That is, asked for block 4 of inode 1 the function will replace the
1781 *	4 in ``*block``, with disk block relative to the disk start that holds that
1782 *	block of the file.
1783 *
1784 *	Returns -EINVAL in case of error, 0 otherwise. If mapping falls into a
1785 *	hole, returns 0 and ``*block`` is also set to 0.
1786 */
1787int bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t *block)
1788{
1789	if (!inode->i_mapping->a_ops->bmap)
1790		return -EINVAL;
1791
1792	*block = inode->i_mapping->a_ops->bmap(inode->i_mapping, *block);
1793	return 0;
1794}
1795EXPORT_SYMBOL(bmap);
1796#endif
1797
1798/*
1799 * With relative atime, only update atime if the previous atime is
1800 * earlier than or equal to either the ctime or mtime,
1801 * or if at least a day has passed since the last atime update.
1802 */
1803static bool relatime_need_update(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct inode *inode,
1804			     struct timespec64 now)
1805{
1806	struct timespec64 atime, mtime, ctime;
1807
1808	if (!(mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_RELATIME))
1809		return true;
1810	/*
1811	 * Is mtime younger than or equal to atime? If yes, update atime:
1812	 */
1813	atime = inode_get_atime(inode);
1814	mtime = inode_get_mtime(inode);
1815	if (timespec64_compare(&mtime, &atime) >= 0)
1816		return true;
1817	/*
1818	 * Is ctime younger than or equal to atime? If yes, update atime:
1819	 */
1820	ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
1821	if (timespec64_compare(&ctime, &atime) >= 0)
1822		return true;
1823
1824	/*
1825	 * Is the previous atime value older than a day? If yes,
1826	 * update atime:
1827	 */
1828	if ((long)(now.tv_sec - atime.tv_sec) >= 24*60*60)
1829		return true;
1830	/*
1831	 * Good, we can skip the atime update:
1832	 */
1833	return false;
1834}
1835
1836/**
1837 * inode_update_timestamps - update the timestamps on the inode
1838 * @inode: inode to be updated
1839 * @flags: S_* flags that needed to be updated
1840 *
1841 * The update_time function is called when an inode's timestamps need to be
1842 * updated for a read or write operation. This function handles updating the
1843 * actual timestamps. It's up to the caller to ensure that the inode is marked
1844 * dirty appropriately.
1845 *
1846 * In the case where any of S_MTIME, S_CTIME, or S_VERSION need to be updated,
1847 * attempt to update all three of them. S_ATIME updates can be handled
1848 * independently of the rest.
1849 *
1850 * Returns a set of S_* flags indicating which values changed.
1851 */
1852int inode_update_timestamps(struct inode *inode, int flags)
1853{
1854	int updated = 0;
1855	struct timespec64 now;
1856
1857	if (flags & (S_MTIME|S_CTIME|S_VERSION)) {
1858		struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
1859		struct timespec64 mtime = inode_get_mtime(inode);
1860
1861		now = inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
1862		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &ctime))
1863			updated |= S_CTIME;
1864		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &mtime)) {
1865			inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, now);
1866			updated |= S_MTIME;
1867		}
1868		if (IS_I_VERSION(inode) && inode_maybe_inc_iversion(inode, updated))
1869			updated |= S_VERSION;
1870	} else {
1871		now = current_time(inode);
1872	}
1873
1874	if (flags & S_ATIME) {
1875		struct timespec64 atime = inode_get_atime(inode);
1876
1877		if (!timespec64_equal(&now, &atime)) {
1878			inode_set_atime_to_ts(inode, now);
1879			updated |= S_ATIME;
1880		}
1881	}
1882	return updated;
1883}
1884EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_update_timestamps);
1885
1886/**
1887 * generic_update_time - update the timestamps on the inode
1888 * @inode: inode to be updated
1889 * @flags: S_* flags that needed to be updated
1890 *
1891 * The update_time function is called when an inode's timestamps need to be
1892 * updated for a read or write operation. In the case where any of S_MTIME, S_CTIME,
1893 * or S_VERSION need to be updated we attempt to update all three of them. S_ATIME
1894 * updates can be handled done independently of the rest.
1895 *
1896 * Returns a S_* mask indicating which fields were updated.
1897 */
1898int generic_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
1899{
1900	int updated = inode_update_timestamps(inode, flags);
1901	int dirty_flags = 0;
1902
1903	if (updated & (S_ATIME|S_MTIME|S_CTIME))
1904		dirty_flags = inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_LAZYTIME ? I_DIRTY_TIME : I_DIRTY_SYNC;
1905	if (updated & S_VERSION)
1906		dirty_flags |= I_DIRTY_SYNC;
1907	__mark_inode_dirty(inode, dirty_flags);
1908	return updated;
1909}
1910EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_update_time);
1911
1912/*
1913 * This does the actual work of updating an inodes time or version.  Must have
1914 * had called mnt_want_write() before calling this.
1915 */
1916int inode_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags)
1917{
1918	if (inode->i_op->update_time)
1919		return inode->i_op->update_time(inode, flags);
1920	generic_update_time(inode, flags);
1921	return 0;
1922}
1923EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_update_time);
1924
1925/**
1926 *	atime_needs_update	-	update the access time
1927 *	@path: the &struct path to update
1928 *	@inode: inode to update
1929 *
1930 *	Update the accessed time on an inode and mark it for writeback.
1931 *	This function automatically handles read only file systems and media,
1932 *	as well as the "noatime" flag and inode specific "noatime" markers.
1933 */
1934bool atime_needs_update(const struct path *path, struct inode *inode)
1935{
1936	struct vfsmount *mnt = path->mnt;
1937	struct timespec64 now, atime;
1938
1939	if (inode->i_flags & S_NOATIME)
1940		return false;
1941
1942	/* Atime updates will likely cause i_uid and i_gid to be written
1943	 * back improprely if their true value is unknown to the vfs.
1944	 */
1945	if (HAS_UNMAPPED_ID(mnt_idmap(mnt), inode))
1946		return false;
1947
1948	if (IS_NOATIME(inode))
1949		return false;
1950	if ((inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_NODIRATIME) && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
1951		return false;
1952
1953	if (mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NOATIME)
1954		return false;
1955	if ((mnt->mnt_flags & MNT_NODIRATIME) && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
1956		return false;
1957
1958	now = current_time(inode);
1959
1960	if (!relatime_need_update(mnt, inode, now))
1961		return false;
1962
1963	atime = inode_get_atime(inode);
1964	if (timespec64_equal(&atime, &now))
1965		return false;
1966
1967	return true;
1968}
1969
1970void touch_atime(const struct path *path)
1971{
1972	struct vfsmount *mnt = path->mnt;
1973	struct inode *inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
1974
1975	if (!atime_needs_update(path, inode))
1976		return;
1977
1978	if (!sb_start_write_trylock(inode->i_sb))
1979		return;
1980
1981	if (mnt_get_write_access(mnt) != 0)
1982		goto skip_update;
1983	/*
1984	 * File systems can error out when updating inodes if they need to
1985	 * allocate new space to modify an inode (such is the case for
1986	 * Btrfs), but since we touch atime while walking down the path we
1987	 * really don't care if we failed to update the atime of the file,
1988	 * so just ignore the return value.
1989	 * We may also fail on filesystems that have the ability to make parts
1990	 * of the fs read only, e.g. subvolumes in Btrfs.
1991	 */
1992	inode_update_time(inode, S_ATIME);
1993	mnt_put_write_access(mnt);
1994skip_update:
1995	sb_end_write(inode->i_sb);
1996}
1997EXPORT_SYMBOL(touch_atime);
1998
1999/*
2000 * Return mask of changes for notify_change() that need to be done as a
2001 * response to write or truncate. Return 0 if nothing has to be changed.
2002 * Negative value on error (change should be denied).
2003 */
2004int dentry_needs_remove_privs(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2005			      struct dentry *dentry)
2006{
2007	struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
2008	int mask = 0;
2009	int ret;
2010
2011	if (IS_NOSEC(inode))
2012		return 0;
2013
2014	mask = setattr_should_drop_suidgid(idmap, inode);
2015	ret = security_inode_need_killpriv(dentry);
2016	if (ret < 0)
2017		return ret;
2018	if (ret)
2019		mask |= ATTR_KILL_PRIV;
2020	return mask;
2021}
2022
2023static int __remove_privs(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2024			  struct dentry *dentry, int kill)
2025{
2026	struct iattr newattrs;
2027
2028	newattrs.ia_valid = ATTR_FORCE | kill;
2029	/*
2030	 * Note we call this on write, so notify_change will not
2031	 * encounter any conflicting delegations:
2032	 */
2033	return notify_change(idmap, dentry, &newattrs, NULL);
2034}
2035
2036int file_remove_privs_flags(struct file *file, unsigned int flags)
2037{
2038	struct dentry *dentry = file_dentry(file);
2039	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
2040	int error = 0;
2041	int kill;
2042
2043	if (IS_NOSEC(inode) || !S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
2044		return 0;
2045
2046	kill = dentry_needs_remove_privs(file_mnt_idmap(file), dentry);
2047	if (kill < 0)
2048		return kill;
2049
2050	if (kill) {
2051		if (flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
2052			return -EAGAIN;
2053
2054		error = __remove_privs(file_mnt_idmap(file), dentry, kill);
2055	}
2056
2057	if (!error)
2058		inode_has_no_xattr(inode);
2059	return error;
2060}
2061EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(file_remove_privs_flags);
2062
2063/**
2064 * file_remove_privs - remove special file privileges (suid, capabilities)
2065 * @file: file to remove privileges from
2066 *
2067 * When file is modified by a write or truncation ensure that special
2068 * file privileges are removed.
2069 *
2070 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2071 */
2072int file_remove_privs(struct file *file)
2073{
2074	return file_remove_privs_flags(file, 0);
2075}
2076EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_remove_privs);
2077
2078static int inode_needs_update_time(struct inode *inode)
2079{
2080	int sync_it = 0;
2081	struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
2082	struct timespec64 ts;
2083
2084	/* First try to exhaust all avenues to not sync */
2085	if (IS_NOCMTIME(inode))
2086		return 0;
2087
2088	ts = inode_get_mtime(inode);
2089	if (!timespec64_equal(&ts, &now))
2090		sync_it = S_MTIME;
2091
2092	ts = inode_get_ctime(inode);
2093	if (!timespec64_equal(&ts, &now))
2094		sync_it |= S_CTIME;
2095
2096	if (IS_I_VERSION(inode) && inode_iversion_need_inc(inode))
2097		sync_it |= S_VERSION;
2098
2099	return sync_it;
2100}
2101
2102static int __file_update_time(struct file *file, int sync_mode)
2103{
2104	int ret = 0;
2105	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
2106
2107	/* try to update time settings */
2108	if (!mnt_get_write_access_file(file)) {
2109		ret = inode_update_time(inode, sync_mode);
2110		mnt_put_write_access_file(file);
2111	}
2112
2113	return ret;
2114}
2115
2116/**
2117 * file_update_time - update mtime and ctime time
2118 * @file: file accessed
2119 *
2120 * Update the mtime and ctime members of an inode and mark the inode for
2121 * writeback. Note that this function is meant exclusively for usage in
2122 * the file write path of filesystems, and filesystems may choose to
2123 * explicitly ignore updates via this function with the _NOCMTIME inode
2124 * flag, e.g. for network filesystem where these imestamps are handled
2125 * by the server. This can return an error for file systems who need to
2126 * allocate space in order to update an inode.
2127 *
2128 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2129 */
2130int file_update_time(struct file *file)
2131{
2132	int ret;
2133	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
2134
2135	ret = inode_needs_update_time(inode);
2136	if (ret <= 0)
2137		return ret;
2138
2139	return __file_update_time(file, ret);
2140}
2141EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_update_time);
2142
2143/**
2144 * file_modified_flags - handle mandated vfs changes when modifying a file
2145 * @file: file that was modified
2146 * @flags: kiocb flags
2147 *
2148 * When file has been modified ensure that special
2149 * file privileges are removed and time settings are updated.
2150 *
2151 * If IOCB_NOWAIT is set, special file privileges will not be removed and
2152 * time settings will not be updated. It will return -EAGAIN.
2153 *
2154 * Context: Caller must hold the file's inode lock.
2155 *
2156 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2157 */
2158static int file_modified_flags(struct file *file, int flags)
2159{
2160	int ret;
2161	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
2162
2163	/*
2164	 * Clear the security bits if the process is not being run by root.
2165	 * This keeps people from modifying setuid and setgid binaries.
2166	 */
2167	ret = file_remove_privs_flags(file, flags);
2168	if (ret)
2169		return ret;
2170
2171	if (unlikely(file->f_mode & FMODE_NOCMTIME))
2172		return 0;
2173
2174	ret = inode_needs_update_time(inode);
2175	if (ret <= 0)
2176		return ret;
2177	if (flags & IOCB_NOWAIT)
2178		return -EAGAIN;
2179
2180	return __file_update_time(file, ret);
2181}
2182
2183/**
2184 * file_modified - handle mandated vfs changes when modifying a file
2185 * @file: file that was modified
2186 *
2187 * When file has been modified ensure that special
2188 * file privileges are removed and time settings are updated.
2189 *
2190 * Context: Caller must hold the file's inode lock.
2191 *
2192 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2193 */
2194int file_modified(struct file *file)
2195{
2196	return file_modified_flags(file, 0);
2197}
2198EXPORT_SYMBOL(file_modified);
2199
2200/**
2201 * kiocb_modified - handle mandated vfs changes when modifying a file
2202 * @iocb: iocb that was modified
2203 *
2204 * When file has been modified ensure that special
2205 * file privileges are removed and time settings are updated.
2206 *
2207 * Context: Caller must hold the file's inode lock.
2208 *
2209 * Return: 0 on success, negative errno on failure.
2210 */
2211int kiocb_modified(struct kiocb *iocb)
2212{
2213	return file_modified_flags(iocb->ki_filp, iocb->ki_flags);
2214}
2215EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kiocb_modified);
2216
2217int inode_needs_sync(struct inode *inode)
2218{
2219	if (IS_SYNC(inode))
2220		return 1;
2221	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && IS_DIRSYNC(inode))
2222		return 1;
2223	return 0;
2224}
2225EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_needs_sync);
2226
2227/*
2228 * If we try to find an inode in the inode hash while it is being
2229 * deleted, we have to wait until the filesystem completes its
2230 * deletion before reporting that it isn't found.  This function waits
2231 * until the deletion _might_ have completed.  Callers are responsible
2232 * to recheck inode state.
2233 *
2234 * It doesn't matter if I_NEW is not set initially, a call to
2235 * wake_up_bit(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW) after removing from the hash list
2236 * will DTRT.
2237 */
2238static void __wait_on_freeing_inode(struct inode *inode)
2239{
2240	wait_queue_head_t *wq;
2241	DEFINE_WAIT_BIT(wait, &inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
2242	wq = bit_waitqueue(&inode->i_state, __I_NEW);
2243	prepare_to_wait(wq, &wait.wq_entry, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
2244	spin_unlock(&inode->i_lock);
2245	spin_unlock(&inode_hash_lock);
2246	schedule();
2247	finish_wait(wq, &wait.wq_entry);
2248	spin_lock(&inode_hash_lock);
2249}
2250
2251static __initdata unsigned long ihash_entries;
2252static int __init set_ihash_entries(char *str)
2253{
2254	if (!str)
2255		return 0;
2256	ihash_entries = simple_strtoul(str, &str, 0);
2257	return 1;
2258}
2259__setup("ihash_entries=", set_ihash_entries);
2260
2261/*
2262 * Initialize the waitqueues and inode hash table.
2263 */
2264void __init inode_init_early(void)
2265{
2266	/* If hashes are distributed across NUMA nodes, defer
2267	 * hash allocation until vmalloc space is available.
2268	 */
2269	if (hashdist)
2270		return;
2271
2272	inode_hashtable =
2273		alloc_large_system_hash("Inode-cache",
2274					sizeof(struct hlist_head),
2275					ihash_entries,
2276					14,
2277					HASH_EARLY | HASH_ZERO,
2278					&i_hash_shift,
2279					&i_hash_mask,
2280					0,
2281					0);
2282}
2283
2284void __init inode_init(void)
2285{
2286	/* inode slab cache */
2287	inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("inode_cache",
2288					 sizeof(struct inode),
2289					 0,
2290					 (SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|SLAB_PANIC|
2291					 SLAB_ACCOUNT),
2292					 init_once);
2293
2294	/* Hash may have been set up in inode_init_early */
2295	if (!hashdist)
2296		return;
2297
2298	inode_hashtable =
2299		alloc_large_system_hash("Inode-cache",
2300					sizeof(struct hlist_head),
2301					ihash_entries,
2302					14,
2303					HASH_ZERO,
2304					&i_hash_shift,
2305					&i_hash_mask,
2306					0,
2307					0);
2308}
2309
2310void init_special_inode(struct inode *inode, umode_t mode, dev_t rdev)
2311{
2312	inode->i_mode = mode;
2313	if (S_ISCHR(mode)) {
2314		inode->i_fop = &def_chr_fops;
2315		inode->i_rdev = rdev;
2316	} else if (S_ISBLK(mode)) {
2317		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BLOCK))
2318			inode->i_fop = &def_blk_fops;
2319		inode->i_rdev = rdev;
2320	} else if (S_ISFIFO(mode))
2321		inode->i_fop = &pipefifo_fops;
2322	else if (S_ISSOCK(mode))
2323		;	/* leave it no_open_fops */
2324	else
2325		printk(KERN_DEBUG "init_special_inode: bogus i_mode (%o) for"
2326				  " inode %s:%lu\n", mode, inode->i_sb->s_id,
2327				  inode->i_ino);
2328}
2329EXPORT_SYMBOL(init_special_inode);
2330
2331/**
2332 * inode_init_owner - Init uid,gid,mode for new inode according to posix standards
2333 * @idmap: idmap of the mount the inode was created from
2334 * @inode: New inode
2335 * @dir: Directory inode
2336 * @mode: mode of the new inode
2337 *
2338 * If the inode has been created through an idmapped mount the idmap of
2339 * the vfsmount must be passed through @idmap. This function will then take
2340 * care to map the inode according to @idmap before checking permissions
2341 * and initializing i_uid and i_gid. On non-idmapped mounts or if permission
2342 * checking is to be performed on the raw inode simply pass @nop_mnt_idmap.
2343 */
2344void inode_init_owner(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *inode,
2345		      const struct inode *dir, umode_t mode)
2346{
2347	inode_fsuid_set(inode, idmap);
2348	if (dir && dir->i_mode & S_ISGID) {
2349		inode->i_gid = dir->i_gid;
2350
2351		/* Directories are special, and always inherit S_ISGID */
2352		if (S_ISDIR(mode))
2353			mode |= S_ISGID;
2354	} else
2355		inode_fsgid_set(inode, idmap);
2356	inode->i_mode = mode;
2357}
2358EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_init_owner);
2359
2360/**
2361 * inode_owner_or_capable - check current task permissions to inode
2362 * @idmap: idmap of the mount the inode was found from
2363 * @inode: inode being checked
2364 *
2365 * Return true if current either has CAP_FOWNER in a namespace with the
2366 * inode owner uid mapped, or owns the file.
2367 *
2368 * If the inode has been found through an idmapped mount the idmap of
2369 * the vfsmount must be passed through @idmap. This function will then take
2370 * care to map the inode according to @idmap before checking permissions.
2371 * On non-idmapped mounts or if permission checking is to be performed on the
2372 * raw inode simply pass @nop_mnt_idmap.
2373 */
2374bool inode_owner_or_capable(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2375			    const struct inode *inode)
2376{
2377	vfsuid_t vfsuid;
2378	struct user_namespace *ns;
2379
2380	vfsuid = i_uid_into_vfsuid(idmap, inode);
2381	if (vfsuid_eq_kuid(vfsuid, current_fsuid()))
2382		return true;
2383
2384	ns = current_user_ns();
2385	if (vfsuid_has_mapping(ns, vfsuid) && ns_capable(ns, CAP_FOWNER))
2386		return true;
2387	return false;
2388}
2389EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_owner_or_capable);
2390
2391/*
2392 * Direct i/o helper functions
2393 */
2394static void __inode_dio_wait(struct inode *inode)
2395{
2396	wait_queue_head_t *wq = bit_waitqueue(&inode->i_state, __I_DIO_WAKEUP);
2397	DEFINE_WAIT_BIT(q, &inode->i_state, __I_DIO_WAKEUP);
2398
2399	do {
2400		prepare_to_wait(wq, &q.wq_entry, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
2401		if (atomic_read(&inode->i_dio_count))
2402			schedule();
2403	} while (atomic_read(&inode->i_dio_count));
2404	finish_wait(wq, &q.wq_entry);
2405}
2406
2407/**
2408 * inode_dio_wait - wait for outstanding DIO requests to finish
2409 * @inode: inode to wait for
2410 *
2411 * Waits for all pending direct I/O requests to finish so that we can
2412 * proceed with a truncate or equivalent operation.
2413 *
2414 * Must be called under a lock that serializes taking new references
2415 * to i_dio_count, usually by inode->i_mutex.
2416 */
2417void inode_dio_wait(struct inode *inode)
2418{
2419	if (atomic_read(&inode->i_dio_count))
2420		__inode_dio_wait(inode);
2421}
2422EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_dio_wait);
2423
2424/*
2425 * inode_set_flags - atomically set some inode flags
2426 *
2427 * Note: the caller should be holding i_mutex, or else be sure that
2428 * they have exclusive access to the inode structure (i.e., while the
2429 * inode is being instantiated).  The reason for the cmpxchg() loop
2430 * --- which wouldn't be necessary if all code paths which modify
2431 * i_flags actually followed this rule, is that there is at least one
2432 * code path which doesn't today so we use cmpxchg() out of an abundance
2433 * of caution.
2434 *
2435 * In the long run, i_mutex is overkill, and we should probably look
2436 * at using the i_lock spinlock to protect i_flags, and then make sure
2437 * it is so documented in include/linux/fs.h and that all code follows
2438 * the locking convention!!
2439 */
2440void inode_set_flags(struct inode *inode, unsigned int flags,
2441		     unsigned int mask)
2442{
2443	WARN_ON_ONCE(flags & ~mask);
2444	set_mask_bits(&inode->i_flags, mask, flags);
2445}
2446EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_set_flags);
2447
2448void inode_nohighmem(struct inode *inode)
2449{
2450	mapping_set_gfp_mask(inode->i_mapping, GFP_USER);
2451}
2452EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_nohighmem);
2453
2454/**
2455 * timestamp_truncate - Truncate timespec to a granularity
2456 * @t: Timespec
2457 * @inode: inode being updated
2458 *
2459 * Truncate a timespec to the granularity supported by the fs
2460 * containing the inode. Always rounds down. gran must
2461 * not be 0 nor greater than a second (NSEC_PER_SEC, or 10^9 ns).
2462 */
2463struct timespec64 timestamp_truncate(struct timespec64 t, struct inode *inode)
2464{
2465	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
2466	unsigned int gran = sb->s_time_gran;
2467
2468	t.tv_sec = clamp(t.tv_sec, sb->s_time_min, sb->s_time_max);
2469	if (unlikely(t.tv_sec == sb->s_time_max || t.tv_sec == sb->s_time_min))
2470		t.tv_nsec = 0;
2471
2472	/* Avoid division in the common cases 1 ns and 1 s. */
2473	if (gran == 1)
2474		; /* nothing */
2475	else if (gran == NSEC_PER_SEC)
2476		t.tv_nsec = 0;
2477	else if (gran > 1 && gran < NSEC_PER_SEC)
2478		t.tv_nsec -= t.tv_nsec % gran;
2479	else
2480		WARN(1, "invalid file time granularity: %u", gran);
2481	return t;
2482}
2483EXPORT_SYMBOL(timestamp_truncate);
2484
2485/**
2486 * current_time - Return FS time
2487 * @inode: inode.
2488 *
2489 * Return the current time truncated to the time granularity supported by
2490 * the fs.
2491 *
2492 * Note that inode and inode->sb cannot be NULL.
2493 * Otherwise, the function warns and returns time without truncation.
2494 */
2495struct timespec64 current_time(struct inode *inode)
2496{
2497	struct timespec64 now;
2498
2499	ktime_get_coarse_real_ts64(&now);
2500	return timestamp_truncate(now, inode);
2501}
2502EXPORT_SYMBOL(current_time);
2503
2504/**
2505 * inode_set_ctime_current - set the ctime to current_time
2506 * @inode: inode
2507 *
2508 * Set the inode->i_ctime to the current value for the inode. Returns
2509 * the current value that was assigned to i_ctime.
2510 */
2511struct timespec64 inode_set_ctime_current(struct inode *inode)
2512{
2513	struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
2514
2515	inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, now);
2516	return now;
2517}
2518EXPORT_SYMBOL(inode_set_ctime_current);
2519
2520/**
2521 * in_group_or_capable - check whether caller is CAP_FSETID privileged
2522 * @idmap:	idmap of the mount @inode was found from
2523 * @inode:	inode to check
2524 * @vfsgid:	the new/current vfsgid of @inode
2525 *
2526 * Check wether @vfsgid is in the caller's group list or if the caller is
2527 * privileged with CAP_FSETID over @inode. This can be used to determine
2528 * whether the setgid bit can be kept or must be dropped.
2529 *
2530 * Return: true if the caller is sufficiently privileged, false if not.
2531 */
2532bool in_group_or_capable(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2533			 const struct inode *inode, vfsgid_t vfsgid)
2534{
2535	if (vfsgid_in_group_p(vfsgid))
2536		return true;
2537	if (capable_wrt_inode_uidgid(idmap, inode, CAP_FSETID))
2538		return true;
2539	return false;
2540}
2541
2542/**
2543 * mode_strip_sgid - handle the sgid bit for non-directories
2544 * @idmap: idmap of the mount the inode was created from
2545 * @dir: parent directory inode
2546 * @mode: mode of the file to be created in @dir
2547 *
2548 * If the @mode of the new file has both the S_ISGID and S_IXGRP bit
2549 * raised and @dir has the S_ISGID bit raised ensure that the caller is
2550 * either in the group of the parent directory or they have CAP_FSETID
2551 * in their user namespace and are privileged over the parent directory.
2552 * In all other cases, strip the S_ISGID bit from @mode.
2553 *
2554 * Return: the new mode to use for the file
2555 */
2556umode_t mode_strip_sgid(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
2557			const struct inode *dir, umode_t mode)
2558{
2559	if ((mode & (S_ISGID | S_IXGRP)) != (S_ISGID | S_IXGRP))
2560		return mode;
2561	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || !dir || !(dir->i_mode & S_ISGID))
2562		return mode;
2563	if (in_group_or_capable(idmap, dir, i_gid_into_vfsgid(idmap, dir)))
2564		return mode;
2565	return mode & ~S_ISGID;
2566}
2567EXPORT_SYMBOL(mode_strip_sgid);