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v6.2
  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  2/*
  3 * Longest prefix match list implementation
  4 *
  5 * Copyright (c) 2016,2017 Daniel Mack
  6 * Copyright (c) 2016 David Herrmann
  7 */
  8
  9#include <linux/bpf.h>
 10#include <linux/btf.h>
 11#include <linux/err.h>
 12#include <linux/slab.h>
 13#include <linux/spinlock.h>
 14#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 15#include <net/ipv6.h>
 16#include <uapi/linux/btf.h>
 17#include <linux/btf_ids.h>
 
 18
 19/* Intermediate node */
 20#define LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM BIT(0)
 21
 22struct lpm_trie_node;
 23
 24struct lpm_trie_node {
 25	struct rcu_head rcu;
 26	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu	*child[2];
 27	u32				prefixlen;
 28	u32				flags;
 29	u8				data[];
 30};
 31
 32struct lpm_trie {
 33	struct bpf_map			map;
 34	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu	*root;
 
 35	size_t				n_entries;
 36	size_t				max_prefixlen;
 37	size_t				data_size;
 38	spinlock_t			lock;
 39};
 40
 41/* This trie implements a longest prefix match algorithm that can be used to
 42 * match IP addresses to a stored set of ranges.
 43 *
 44 * Data stored in @data of struct bpf_lpm_key and struct lpm_trie_node is
 45 * interpreted as big endian, so data[0] stores the most significant byte.
 46 *
 47 * Match ranges are internally stored in instances of struct lpm_trie_node
 48 * which each contain their prefix length as well as two pointers that may
 49 * lead to more nodes containing more specific matches. Each node also stores
 50 * a value that is defined by and returned to userspace via the update_elem
 51 * and lookup functions.
 52 *
 53 * For instance, let's start with a trie that was created with a prefix length
 54 * of 32, so it can be used for IPv4 addresses, and one single element that
 55 * matches 192.168.0.0/16. The data array would hence contain
 56 * [0xc0, 0xa8, 0x00, 0x00] in big-endian notation. This documentation will
 57 * stick to IP-address notation for readability though.
 58 *
 59 * As the trie is empty initially, the new node (1) will be places as root
 60 * node, denoted as (R) in the example below. As there are no other node, both
 61 * child pointers are %NULL.
 62 *
 63 *              +----------------+
 64 *              |       (1)  (R) |
 65 *              | 192.168.0.0/16 |
 66 *              |    value: 1    |
 67 *              |   [0]    [1]   |
 68 *              +----------------+
 69 *
 70 * Next, let's add a new node (2) matching 192.168.0.0/24. As there is already
 71 * a node with the same data and a smaller prefix (ie, a less specific one),
 72 * node (2) will become a child of (1). In child index depends on the next bit
 73 * that is outside of what (1) matches, and that bit is 0, so (2) will be
 74 * child[0] of (1):
 75 *
 76 *              +----------------+
 77 *              |       (1)  (R) |
 78 *              | 192.168.0.0/16 |
 79 *              |    value: 1    |
 80 *              |   [0]    [1]   |
 81 *              +----------------+
 82 *                   |
 83 *    +----------------+
 84 *    |       (2)      |
 85 *    | 192.168.0.0/24 |
 86 *    |    value: 2    |
 87 *    |   [0]    [1]   |
 88 *    +----------------+
 89 *
 90 * The child[1] slot of (1) could be filled with another node which has bit #17
 91 * (the next bit after the ones that (1) matches on) set to 1. For instance,
 92 * 192.168.128.0/24:
 93 *
 94 *              +----------------+
 95 *              |       (1)  (R) |
 96 *              | 192.168.0.0/16 |
 97 *              |    value: 1    |
 98 *              |   [0]    [1]   |
 99 *              +----------------+
100 *                   |      |
101 *    +----------------+  +------------------+
102 *    |       (2)      |  |        (3)       |
103 *    | 192.168.0.0/24 |  | 192.168.128.0/24 |
104 *    |    value: 2    |  |     value: 3     |
105 *    |   [0]    [1]   |  |    [0]    [1]    |
106 *    +----------------+  +------------------+
107 *
108 * Let's add another node (4) to the game for 192.168.1.0/24. In order to place
109 * it, node (1) is looked at first, and because (4) of the semantics laid out
110 * above (bit #17 is 0), it would normally be attached to (1) as child[0].
111 * However, that slot is already allocated, so a new node is needed in between.
112 * That node does not have a value attached to it and it will never be
113 * returned to users as result of a lookup. It is only there to differentiate
114 * the traversal further. It will get a prefix as wide as necessary to
115 * distinguish its two children:
116 *
117 *                      +----------------+
118 *                      |       (1)  (R) |
119 *                      | 192.168.0.0/16 |
120 *                      |    value: 1    |
121 *                      |   [0]    [1]   |
122 *                      +----------------+
123 *                           |      |
124 *            +----------------+  +------------------+
125 *            |       (4)  (I) |  |        (3)       |
126 *            | 192.168.0.0/23 |  | 192.168.128.0/24 |
127 *            |    value: ---  |  |     value: 3     |
128 *            |   [0]    [1]   |  |    [0]    [1]    |
129 *            +----------------+  +------------------+
130 *                 |      |
131 *  +----------------+  +----------------+
132 *  |       (2)      |  |       (5)      |
133 *  | 192.168.0.0/24 |  | 192.168.1.0/24 |
134 *  |    value: 2    |  |     value: 5   |
135 *  |   [0]    [1]   |  |   [0]    [1]   |
136 *  +----------------+  +----------------+
137 *
138 * 192.168.1.1/32 would be a child of (5) etc.
139 *
140 * An intermediate node will be turned into a 'real' node on demand. In the
141 * example above, (4) would be re-used if 192.168.0.0/23 is added to the trie.
142 *
143 * A fully populated trie would have a height of 32 nodes, as the trie was
144 * created with a prefix length of 32.
145 *
146 * The lookup starts at the root node. If the current node matches and if there
147 * is a child that can be used to become more specific, the trie is traversed
148 * downwards. The last node in the traversal that is a non-intermediate one is
149 * returned.
150 */
151
152static inline int extract_bit(const u8 *data, size_t index)
153{
154	return !!(data[index / 8] & (1 << (7 - (index % 8))));
155}
156
157/**
158 * longest_prefix_match() - determine the longest prefix
159 * @trie:	The trie to get internal sizes from
160 * @node:	The node to operate on
161 * @key:	The key to compare to @node
162 *
163 * Determine the longest prefix of @node that matches the bits in @key.
164 */
165static size_t longest_prefix_match(const struct lpm_trie *trie,
166				   const struct lpm_trie_node *node,
167				   const struct bpf_lpm_trie_key *key)
 
168{
169	u32 limit = min(node->prefixlen, key->prefixlen);
170	u32 prefixlen = 0, i = 0;
171
172	BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(struct lpm_trie_node, data) % sizeof(u32));
173	BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key, data) % sizeof(u32));
174
175#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS) && defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
176
177	/* data_size >= 16 has very small probability.
178	 * We do not use a loop for optimal code generation.
179	 */
180	if (trie->data_size >= 8) {
181		u64 diff = be64_to_cpu(*(__be64 *)node->data ^
182				       *(__be64 *)key->data);
183
184		prefixlen = 64 - fls64(diff);
185		if (prefixlen >= limit)
186			return limit;
187		if (diff)
188			return prefixlen;
189		i = 8;
190	}
191#endif
192
193	while (trie->data_size >= i + 4) {
194		u32 diff = be32_to_cpu(*(__be32 *)&node->data[i] ^
195				       *(__be32 *)&key->data[i]);
196
197		prefixlen += 32 - fls(diff);
198		if (prefixlen >= limit)
199			return limit;
200		if (diff)
201			return prefixlen;
202		i += 4;
203	}
204
205	if (trie->data_size >= i + 2) {
206		u16 diff = be16_to_cpu(*(__be16 *)&node->data[i] ^
207				       *(__be16 *)&key->data[i]);
208
209		prefixlen += 16 - fls(diff);
210		if (prefixlen >= limit)
211			return limit;
212		if (diff)
213			return prefixlen;
214		i += 2;
215	}
216
217	if (trie->data_size >= i + 1) {
218		prefixlen += 8 - fls(node->data[i] ^ key->data[i]);
219
220		if (prefixlen >= limit)
221			return limit;
222	}
223
224	return prefixlen;
225}
226
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
227/* Called from syscall or from eBPF program */
228static void *trie_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *_key)
229{
230	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
231	struct lpm_trie_node *node, *found = NULL;
232	struct bpf_lpm_trie_key *key = _key;
 
 
 
233
234	/* Start walking the trie from the root node ... */
235
236	for (node = rcu_dereference_check(trie->root, rcu_read_lock_bh_held());
237	     node;) {
238		unsigned int next_bit;
239		size_t matchlen;
240
241		/* Determine the longest prefix of @node that matches @key.
242		 * If it's the maximum possible prefix for this trie, we have
243		 * an exact match and can return it directly.
244		 */
245		matchlen = longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
246		if (matchlen == trie->max_prefixlen) {
247			found = node;
248			break;
249		}
250
251		/* If the number of bits that match is smaller than the prefix
252		 * length of @node, bail out and return the node we have seen
253		 * last in the traversal (ie, the parent).
254		 */
255		if (matchlen < node->prefixlen)
256			break;
257
258		/* Consider this node as return candidate unless it is an
259		 * artificially added intermediate one.
260		 */
261		if (!(node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM))
262			found = node;
263
264		/* If the node match is fully satisfied, let's see if we can
265		 * become more specific. Determine the next bit in the key and
266		 * traverse down.
267		 */
268		next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
269		node = rcu_dereference_check(node->child[next_bit],
270					     rcu_read_lock_bh_held());
271	}
272
273	if (!found)
274		return NULL;
275
276	return found->data + trie->data_size;
277}
278
279static struct lpm_trie_node *lpm_trie_node_alloc(const struct lpm_trie *trie,
280						 const void *value)
 
281{
282	struct lpm_trie_node *node;
283	size_t size = sizeof(struct lpm_trie_node) + trie->data_size;
284
285	if (value)
286		size += trie->map.value_size;
 
 
 
287
288	node = bpf_map_kmalloc_node(&trie->map, size, GFP_NOWAIT | __GFP_NOWARN,
289				    trie->map.numa_node);
290	if (!node)
291		return NULL;
292
293	node->flags = 0;
294
295	if (value)
296		memcpy(node->data + trie->data_size, value,
297		       trie->map.value_size);
298
299	return node;
300}
301
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
302/* Called from syscall or from eBPF program */
303static int trie_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map,
304			    void *_key, void *value, u64 flags)
305{
306	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
307	struct lpm_trie_node *node, *im_node = NULL, *new_node = NULL;
 
308	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu **slot;
309	struct bpf_lpm_trie_key *key = _key;
310	unsigned long irq_flags;
311	unsigned int next_bit;
312	size_t matchlen = 0;
313	int ret = 0;
314
315	if (unlikely(flags > BPF_EXIST))
316		return -EINVAL;
317
318	if (key->prefixlen > trie->max_prefixlen)
319		return -EINVAL;
320
321	spin_lock_irqsave(&trie->lock, irq_flags);
322
323	/* Allocate and fill a new node */
324
325	if (trie->n_entries == trie->map.max_entries) {
326		ret = -ENOSPC;
327		goto out;
328	}
329
330	new_node = lpm_trie_node_alloc(trie, value);
331	if (!new_node) {
332		ret = -ENOMEM;
333		goto out;
334	}
335
336	trie->n_entries++;
337
338	new_node->prefixlen = key->prefixlen;
339	RCU_INIT_POINTER(new_node->child[0], NULL);
340	RCU_INIT_POINTER(new_node->child[1], NULL);
341	memcpy(new_node->data, key->data, trie->data_size);
342
343	/* Now find a slot to attach the new node. To do that, walk the tree
344	 * from the root and match as many bits as possible for each node until
345	 * we either find an empty slot or a slot that needs to be replaced by
346	 * an intermediate node.
347	 */
348	slot = &trie->root;
349
350	while ((node = rcu_dereference_protected(*slot,
351					lockdep_is_held(&trie->lock)))) {
352		matchlen = longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
353
354		if (node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
355		    node->prefixlen == key->prefixlen ||
356		    node->prefixlen == trie->max_prefixlen)
357			break;
358
359		next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
360		slot = &node->child[next_bit];
361	}
362
363	/* If the slot is empty (a free child pointer or an empty root),
364	 * simply assign the @new_node to that slot and be done.
365	 */
366	if (!node) {
 
 
 
 
367		rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, new_node);
368		goto out;
369	}
370
371	/* If the slot we picked already exists, replace it with @new_node
372	 * which already has the correct data array set.
373	 */
374	if (node->prefixlen == matchlen) {
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
375		new_node->child[0] = node->child[0];
376		new_node->child[1] = node->child[1];
377
378		if (!(node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM))
379			trie->n_entries--;
380
381		rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, new_node);
382		kfree_rcu(node, rcu);
383
384		goto out;
385	}
386
 
 
 
 
387	/* If the new node matches the prefix completely, it must be inserted
388	 * as an ancestor. Simply insert it between @node and *@slot.
389	 */
390	if (matchlen == key->prefixlen) {
391		next_bit = extract_bit(node->data, matchlen);
392		rcu_assign_pointer(new_node->child[next_bit], node);
393		rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, new_node);
394		goto out;
395	}
396
397	im_node = lpm_trie_node_alloc(trie, NULL);
 
398	if (!im_node) {
 
399		ret = -ENOMEM;
400		goto out;
401	}
402
403	im_node->prefixlen = matchlen;
404	im_node->flags |= LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM;
405	memcpy(im_node->data, node->data, trie->data_size);
406
407	/* Now determine which child to install in which slot */
408	if (extract_bit(key->data, matchlen)) {
409		rcu_assign_pointer(im_node->child[0], node);
410		rcu_assign_pointer(im_node->child[1], new_node);
411	} else {
412		rcu_assign_pointer(im_node->child[0], new_node);
413		rcu_assign_pointer(im_node->child[1], node);
414	}
415
416	/* Finally, assign the intermediate node to the determined slot */
417	rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, im_node);
418
419out:
420	if (ret) {
421		if (new_node)
422			trie->n_entries--;
423
424		kfree(new_node);
425		kfree(im_node);
426	}
427
428	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trie->lock, irq_flags);
429
430	return ret;
431}
432
433/* Called from syscall or from eBPF program */
434static int trie_delete_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *_key)
435{
436	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
437	struct bpf_lpm_trie_key *key = _key;
 
438	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu **trim, **trim2;
439	struct lpm_trie_node *node, *parent;
440	unsigned long irq_flags;
441	unsigned int next_bit;
442	size_t matchlen = 0;
443	int ret = 0;
444
445	if (key->prefixlen > trie->max_prefixlen)
446		return -EINVAL;
447
448	spin_lock_irqsave(&trie->lock, irq_flags);
449
450	/* Walk the tree looking for an exact key/length match and keeping
451	 * track of the path we traverse.  We will need to know the node
452	 * we wish to delete, and the slot that points to the node we want
453	 * to delete.  We may also need to know the nodes parent and the
454	 * slot that contains it.
455	 */
456	trim = &trie->root;
457	trim2 = trim;
458	parent = NULL;
459	while ((node = rcu_dereference_protected(
460		       *trim, lockdep_is_held(&trie->lock)))) {
461		matchlen = longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
462
463		if (node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
464		    node->prefixlen == key->prefixlen)
465			break;
466
467		parent = node;
468		trim2 = trim;
469		next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
470		trim = &node->child[next_bit];
471	}
472
473	if (!node || node->prefixlen != key->prefixlen ||
474	    node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
475	    (node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM)) {
476		ret = -ENOENT;
477		goto out;
478	}
479
480	trie->n_entries--;
481
482	/* If the node we are removing has two children, simply mark it
483	 * as intermediate and we are done.
484	 */
485	if (rcu_access_pointer(node->child[0]) &&
486	    rcu_access_pointer(node->child[1])) {
487		node->flags |= LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM;
488		goto out;
489	}
490
491	/* If the parent of the node we are about to delete is an intermediate
492	 * node, and the deleted node doesn't have any children, we can delete
493	 * the intermediate parent as well and promote its other child
494	 * up the tree.  Doing this maintains the invariant that all
495	 * intermediate nodes have exactly 2 children and that there are no
496	 * unnecessary intermediate nodes in the tree.
497	 */
498	if (parent && (parent->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM) &&
499	    !node->child[0] && !node->child[1]) {
500		if (node == rcu_access_pointer(parent->child[0]))
501			rcu_assign_pointer(
502				*trim2, rcu_access_pointer(parent->child[1]));
503		else
504			rcu_assign_pointer(
505				*trim2, rcu_access_pointer(parent->child[0]));
506		kfree_rcu(parent, rcu);
507		kfree_rcu(node, rcu);
508		goto out;
509	}
510
511	/* The node we are removing has either zero or one child. If there
512	 * is a child, move it into the removed node's slot then delete
513	 * the node.  Otherwise just clear the slot and delete the node.
514	 */
515	if (node->child[0])
516		rcu_assign_pointer(*trim, rcu_access_pointer(node->child[0]));
517	else if (node->child[1])
518		rcu_assign_pointer(*trim, rcu_access_pointer(node->child[1]));
519	else
520		RCU_INIT_POINTER(*trim, NULL);
521	kfree_rcu(node, rcu);
522
523out:
524	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trie->lock, irq_flags);
 
 
 
 
 
525
526	return ret;
527}
528
529#define LPM_DATA_SIZE_MAX	256
530#define LPM_DATA_SIZE_MIN	1
531
532#define LPM_VAL_SIZE_MAX	(KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE - LPM_DATA_SIZE_MAX - \
533				 sizeof(struct lpm_trie_node))
534#define LPM_VAL_SIZE_MIN	1
535
536#define LPM_KEY_SIZE(X)		(sizeof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key) + (X))
537#define LPM_KEY_SIZE_MAX	LPM_KEY_SIZE(LPM_DATA_SIZE_MAX)
538#define LPM_KEY_SIZE_MIN	LPM_KEY_SIZE(LPM_DATA_SIZE_MIN)
539
540#define LPM_CREATE_FLAG_MASK	(BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC | BPF_F_NUMA_NODE |	\
541				 BPF_F_ACCESS_MASK)
542
543static struct bpf_map *trie_alloc(union bpf_attr *attr)
544{
545	struct lpm_trie *trie;
546
547	if (!bpf_capable())
548		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
549
550	/* check sanity of attributes */
551	if (attr->max_entries == 0 ||
552	    !(attr->map_flags & BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC) ||
553	    attr->map_flags & ~LPM_CREATE_FLAG_MASK ||
554	    !bpf_map_flags_access_ok(attr->map_flags) ||
555	    attr->key_size < LPM_KEY_SIZE_MIN ||
556	    attr->key_size > LPM_KEY_SIZE_MAX ||
557	    attr->value_size < LPM_VAL_SIZE_MIN ||
558	    attr->value_size > LPM_VAL_SIZE_MAX)
559		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
560
561	trie = bpf_map_area_alloc(sizeof(*trie), NUMA_NO_NODE);
562	if (!trie)
563		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
564
565	/* copy mandatory map attributes */
566	bpf_map_init_from_attr(&trie->map, attr);
567	trie->data_size = attr->key_size -
568			  offsetof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key, data);
569	trie->max_prefixlen = trie->data_size * 8;
570
571	spin_lock_init(&trie->lock);
572
 
 
 
 
 
 
573	return &trie->map;
 
 
 
 
574}
575
576static void trie_free(struct bpf_map *map)
577{
578	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
579	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu **slot;
580	struct lpm_trie_node *node;
581
582	/* Always start at the root and walk down to a node that has no
583	 * children. Then free that node, nullify its reference in the parent
584	 * and start over.
585	 */
586
587	for (;;) {
588		slot = &trie->root;
589
590		for (;;) {
591			node = rcu_dereference_protected(*slot, 1);
592			if (!node)
593				goto out;
594
595			if (rcu_access_pointer(node->child[0])) {
596				slot = &node->child[0];
597				continue;
598			}
599
600			if (rcu_access_pointer(node->child[1])) {
601				slot = &node->child[1];
602				continue;
603			}
604
605			kfree(node);
 
 
 
606			RCU_INIT_POINTER(*slot, NULL);
607			break;
608		}
609	}
610
611out:
 
612	bpf_map_area_free(trie);
613}
614
615static int trie_get_next_key(struct bpf_map *map, void *_key, void *_next_key)
616{
617	struct lpm_trie_node *node, *next_node = NULL, *parent, *search_root;
618	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
619	struct bpf_lpm_trie_key *key = _key, *next_key = _next_key;
620	struct lpm_trie_node **node_stack = NULL;
621	int err = 0, stack_ptr = -1;
622	unsigned int next_bit;
623	size_t matchlen;
624
625	/* The get_next_key follows postorder. For the 4 node example in
626	 * the top of this file, the trie_get_next_key() returns the following
627	 * one after another:
628	 *   192.168.0.0/24
629	 *   192.168.1.0/24
630	 *   192.168.128.0/24
631	 *   192.168.0.0/16
632	 *
633	 * The idea is to return more specific keys before less specific ones.
634	 */
635
636	/* Empty trie */
637	search_root = rcu_dereference(trie->root);
638	if (!search_root)
639		return -ENOENT;
640
641	/* For invalid key, find the leftmost node in the trie */
642	if (!key || key->prefixlen > trie->max_prefixlen)
643		goto find_leftmost;
644
645	node_stack = kmalloc_array(trie->max_prefixlen,
646				   sizeof(struct lpm_trie_node *),
647				   GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
648	if (!node_stack)
649		return -ENOMEM;
650
651	/* Try to find the exact node for the given key */
652	for (node = search_root; node;) {
653		node_stack[++stack_ptr] = node;
654		matchlen = longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
655		if (node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
656		    node->prefixlen == key->prefixlen)
657			break;
658
659		next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
660		node = rcu_dereference(node->child[next_bit]);
661	}
662	if (!node || node->prefixlen != key->prefixlen ||
663	    (node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM))
664		goto find_leftmost;
665
666	/* The node with the exactly-matching key has been found,
667	 * find the first node in postorder after the matched node.
668	 */
669	node = node_stack[stack_ptr];
670	while (stack_ptr > 0) {
671		parent = node_stack[stack_ptr - 1];
672		if (rcu_dereference(parent->child[0]) == node) {
673			search_root = rcu_dereference(parent->child[1]);
674			if (search_root)
675				goto find_leftmost;
676		}
677		if (!(parent->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM)) {
678			next_node = parent;
679			goto do_copy;
680		}
681
682		node = parent;
683		stack_ptr--;
684	}
685
686	/* did not find anything */
687	err = -ENOENT;
688	goto free_stack;
689
690find_leftmost:
691	/* Find the leftmost non-intermediate node, all intermediate nodes
692	 * have exact two children, so this function will never return NULL.
693	 */
694	for (node = search_root; node;) {
695		if (node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM) {
696			node = rcu_dereference(node->child[0]);
697		} else {
698			next_node = node;
699			node = rcu_dereference(node->child[0]);
700			if (!node)
701				node = rcu_dereference(next_node->child[1]);
702		}
703	}
704do_copy:
705	next_key->prefixlen = next_node->prefixlen;
706	memcpy((void *)next_key + offsetof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key, data),
707	       next_node->data, trie->data_size);
708free_stack:
709	kfree(node_stack);
710	return err;
711}
712
713static int trie_check_btf(const struct bpf_map *map,
714			  const struct btf *btf,
715			  const struct btf_type *key_type,
716			  const struct btf_type *value_type)
717{
718	/* Keys must have struct bpf_lpm_trie_key embedded. */
719	return BTF_INFO_KIND(key_type->info) != BTF_KIND_STRUCT ?
720	       -EINVAL : 0;
721}
722
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
723BTF_ID_LIST_SINGLE(trie_map_btf_ids, struct, lpm_trie)
724const struct bpf_map_ops trie_map_ops = {
725	.map_meta_equal = bpf_map_meta_equal,
726	.map_alloc = trie_alloc,
727	.map_free = trie_free,
728	.map_get_next_key = trie_get_next_key,
729	.map_lookup_elem = trie_lookup_elem,
730	.map_update_elem = trie_update_elem,
731	.map_delete_elem = trie_delete_elem,
732	.map_lookup_batch = generic_map_lookup_batch,
733	.map_update_batch = generic_map_update_batch,
734	.map_delete_batch = generic_map_delete_batch,
735	.map_check_btf = trie_check_btf,
 
736	.map_btf_id = &trie_map_btf_ids[0],
737};
v6.13.7
  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  2/*
  3 * Longest prefix match list implementation
  4 *
  5 * Copyright (c) 2016,2017 Daniel Mack
  6 * Copyright (c) 2016 David Herrmann
  7 */
  8
  9#include <linux/bpf.h>
 10#include <linux/btf.h>
 11#include <linux/err.h>
 12#include <linux/slab.h>
 13#include <linux/spinlock.h>
 14#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
 15#include <net/ipv6.h>
 16#include <uapi/linux/btf.h>
 17#include <linux/btf_ids.h>
 18#include <linux/bpf_mem_alloc.h>
 19
 20/* Intermediate node */
 21#define LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM BIT(0)
 22
 23struct lpm_trie_node;
 24
 25struct lpm_trie_node {
 
 26	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu	*child[2];
 27	u32				prefixlen;
 28	u32				flags;
 29	u8				data[];
 30};
 31
 32struct lpm_trie {
 33	struct bpf_map			map;
 34	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu	*root;
 35	struct bpf_mem_alloc		ma;
 36	size_t				n_entries;
 37	size_t				max_prefixlen;
 38	size_t				data_size;
 39	raw_spinlock_t			lock;
 40};
 41
 42/* This trie implements a longest prefix match algorithm that can be used to
 43 * match IP addresses to a stored set of ranges.
 44 *
 45 * Data stored in @data of struct bpf_lpm_key and struct lpm_trie_node is
 46 * interpreted as big endian, so data[0] stores the most significant byte.
 47 *
 48 * Match ranges are internally stored in instances of struct lpm_trie_node
 49 * which each contain their prefix length as well as two pointers that may
 50 * lead to more nodes containing more specific matches. Each node also stores
 51 * a value that is defined by and returned to userspace via the update_elem
 52 * and lookup functions.
 53 *
 54 * For instance, let's start with a trie that was created with a prefix length
 55 * of 32, so it can be used for IPv4 addresses, and one single element that
 56 * matches 192.168.0.0/16. The data array would hence contain
 57 * [0xc0, 0xa8, 0x00, 0x00] in big-endian notation. This documentation will
 58 * stick to IP-address notation for readability though.
 59 *
 60 * As the trie is empty initially, the new node (1) will be places as root
 61 * node, denoted as (R) in the example below. As there are no other node, both
 62 * child pointers are %NULL.
 63 *
 64 *              +----------------+
 65 *              |       (1)  (R) |
 66 *              | 192.168.0.0/16 |
 67 *              |    value: 1    |
 68 *              |   [0]    [1]   |
 69 *              +----------------+
 70 *
 71 * Next, let's add a new node (2) matching 192.168.0.0/24. As there is already
 72 * a node with the same data and a smaller prefix (ie, a less specific one),
 73 * node (2) will become a child of (1). In child index depends on the next bit
 74 * that is outside of what (1) matches, and that bit is 0, so (2) will be
 75 * child[0] of (1):
 76 *
 77 *              +----------------+
 78 *              |       (1)  (R) |
 79 *              | 192.168.0.0/16 |
 80 *              |    value: 1    |
 81 *              |   [0]    [1]   |
 82 *              +----------------+
 83 *                   |
 84 *    +----------------+
 85 *    |       (2)      |
 86 *    | 192.168.0.0/24 |
 87 *    |    value: 2    |
 88 *    |   [0]    [1]   |
 89 *    +----------------+
 90 *
 91 * The child[1] slot of (1) could be filled with another node which has bit #17
 92 * (the next bit after the ones that (1) matches on) set to 1. For instance,
 93 * 192.168.128.0/24:
 94 *
 95 *              +----------------+
 96 *              |       (1)  (R) |
 97 *              | 192.168.0.0/16 |
 98 *              |    value: 1    |
 99 *              |   [0]    [1]   |
100 *              +----------------+
101 *                   |      |
102 *    +----------------+  +------------------+
103 *    |       (2)      |  |        (3)       |
104 *    | 192.168.0.0/24 |  | 192.168.128.0/24 |
105 *    |    value: 2    |  |     value: 3     |
106 *    |   [0]    [1]   |  |    [0]    [1]    |
107 *    +----------------+  +------------------+
108 *
109 * Let's add another node (4) to the game for 192.168.1.0/24. In order to place
110 * it, node (1) is looked at first, and because (4) of the semantics laid out
111 * above (bit #17 is 0), it would normally be attached to (1) as child[0].
112 * However, that slot is already allocated, so a new node is needed in between.
113 * That node does not have a value attached to it and it will never be
114 * returned to users as result of a lookup. It is only there to differentiate
115 * the traversal further. It will get a prefix as wide as necessary to
116 * distinguish its two children:
117 *
118 *                      +----------------+
119 *                      |       (1)  (R) |
120 *                      | 192.168.0.0/16 |
121 *                      |    value: 1    |
122 *                      |   [0]    [1]   |
123 *                      +----------------+
124 *                           |      |
125 *            +----------------+  +------------------+
126 *            |       (4)  (I) |  |        (3)       |
127 *            | 192.168.0.0/23 |  | 192.168.128.0/24 |
128 *            |    value: ---  |  |     value: 3     |
129 *            |   [0]    [1]   |  |    [0]    [1]    |
130 *            +----------------+  +------------------+
131 *                 |      |
132 *  +----------------+  +----------------+
133 *  |       (2)      |  |       (5)      |
134 *  | 192.168.0.0/24 |  | 192.168.1.0/24 |
135 *  |    value: 2    |  |     value: 5   |
136 *  |   [0]    [1]   |  |   [0]    [1]   |
137 *  +----------------+  +----------------+
138 *
139 * 192.168.1.1/32 would be a child of (5) etc.
140 *
141 * An intermediate node will be turned into a 'real' node on demand. In the
142 * example above, (4) would be re-used if 192.168.0.0/23 is added to the trie.
143 *
144 * A fully populated trie would have a height of 32 nodes, as the trie was
145 * created with a prefix length of 32.
146 *
147 * The lookup starts at the root node. If the current node matches and if there
148 * is a child that can be used to become more specific, the trie is traversed
149 * downwards. The last node in the traversal that is a non-intermediate one is
150 * returned.
151 */
152
153static inline int extract_bit(const u8 *data, size_t index)
154{
155	return !!(data[index / 8] & (1 << (7 - (index % 8))));
156}
157
158/**
159 * __longest_prefix_match() - determine the longest prefix
160 * @trie:	The trie to get internal sizes from
161 * @node:	The node to operate on
162 * @key:	The key to compare to @node
163 *
164 * Determine the longest prefix of @node that matches the bits in @key.
165 */
166static __always_inline
167size_t __longest_prefix_match(const struct lpm_trie *trie,
168			      const struct lpm_trie_node *node,
169			      const struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8 *key)
170{
171	u32 limit = min(node->prefixlen, key->prefixlen);
172	u32 prefixlen = 0, i = 0;
173
174	BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(struct lpm_trie_node, data) % sizeof(u32));
175	BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8, data) % sizeof(u32));
176
177#if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_EFFICIENT_UNALIGNED_ACCESS) && defined(CONFIG_64BIT)
178
179	/* data_size >= 16 has very small probability.
180	 * We do not use a loop for optimal code generation.
181	 */
182	if (trie->data_size >= 8) {
183		u64 diff = be64_to_cpu(*(__be64 *)node->data ^
184				       *(__be64 *)key->data);
185
186		prefixlen = 64 - fls64(diff);
187		if (prefixlen >= limit)
188			return limit;
189		if (diff)
190			return prefixlen;
191		i = 8;
192	}
193#endif
194
195	while (trie->data_size >= i + 4) {
196		u32 diff = be32_to_cpu(*(__be32 *)&node->data[i] ^
197				       *(__be32 *)&key->data[i]);
198
199		prefixlen += 32 - fls(diff);
200		if (prefixlen >= limit)
201			return limit;
202		if (diff)
203			return prefixlen;
204		i += 4;
205	}
206
207	if (trie->data_size >= i + 2) {
208		u16 diff = be16_to_cpu(*(__be16 *)&node->data[i] ^
209				       *(__be16 *)&key->data[i]);
210
211		prefixlen += 16 - fls(diff);
212		if (prefixlen >= limit)
213			return limit;
214		if (diff)
215			return prefixlen;
216		i += 2;
217	}
218
219	if (trie->data_size >= i + 1) {
220		prefixlen += 8 - fls(node->data[i] ^ key->data[i]);
221
222		if (prefixlen >= limit)
223			return limit;
224	}
225
226	return prefixlen;
227}
228
229static size_t longest_prefix_match(const struct lpm_trie *trie,
230				   const struct lpm_trie_node *node,
231				   const struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8 *key)
232{
233	return __longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
234}
235
236/* Called from syscall or from eBPF program */
237static void *trie_lookup_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *_key)
238{
239	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
240	struct lpm_trie_node *node, *found = NULL;
241	struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8 *key = _key;
242
243	if (key->prefixlen > trie->max_prefixlen)
244		return NULL;
245
246	/* Start walking the trie from the root node ... */
247
248	for (node = rcu_dereference_check(trie->root, rcu_read_lock_bh_held());
249	     node;) {
250		unsigned int next_bit;
251		size_t matchlen;
252
253		/* Determine the longest prefix of @node that matches @key.
254		 * If it's the maximum possible prefix for this trie, we have
255		 * an exact match and can return it directly.
256		 */
257		matchlen = __longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
258		if (matchlen == trie->max_prefixlen) {
259			found = node;
260			break;
261		}
262
263		/* If the number of bits that match is smaller than the prefix
264		 * length of @node, bail out and return the node we have seen
265		 * last in the traversal (ie, the parent).
266		 */
267		if (matchlen < node->prefixlen)
268			break;
269
270		/* Consider this node as return candidate unless it is an
271		 * artificially added intermediate one.
272		 */
273		if (!(node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM))
274			found = node;
275
276		/* If the node match is fully satisfied, let's see if we can
277		 * become more specific. Determine the next bit in the key and
278		 * traverse down.
279		 */
280		next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
281		node = rcu_dereference_check(node->child[next_bit],
282					     rcu_read_lock_bh_held());
283	}
284
285	if (!found)
286		return NULL;
287
288	return found->data + trie->data_size;
289}
290
291static struct lpm_trie_node *lpm_trie_node_alloc(struct lpm_trie *trie,
292						 const void *value,
293						 bool disable_migration)
294{
295	struct lpm_trie_node *node;
 
296
297	if (disable_migration)
298		migrate_disable();
299	node = bpf_mem_cache_alloc(&trie->ma);
300	if (disable_migration)
301		migrate_enable();
302
 
 
303	if (!node)
304		return NULL;
305
306	node->flags = 0;
307
308	if (value)
309		memcpy(node->data + trie->data_size, value,
310		       trie->map.value_size);
311
312	return node;
313}
314
315static int trie_check_add_elem(struct lpm_trie *trie, u64 flags)
316{
317	if (flags == BPF_EXIST)
318		return -ENOENT;
319	if (trie->n_entries == trie->map.max_entries)
320		return -ENOSPC;
321	trie->n_entries++;
322	return 0;
323}
324
325/* Called from syscall or from eBPF program */
326static long trie_update_elem(struct bpf_map *map,
327			     void *_key, void *value, u64 flags)
328{
329	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
330	struct lpm_trie_node *node, *im_node, *new_node;
331	struct lpm_trie_node *free_node = NULL;
332	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu **slot;
333	struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8 *key = _key;
334	unsigned long irq_flags;
335	unsigned int next_bit;
336	size_t matchlen = 0;
337	int ret = 0;
338
339	if (unlikely(flags > BPF_EXIST))
340		return -EINVAL;
341
342	if (key->prefixlen > trie->max_prefixlen)
343		return -EINVAL;
344
345	/* Allocate and fill a new node. Need to disable migration before
346	 * invoking bpf_mem_cache_alloc().
347	 */
348	new_node = lpm_trie_node_alloc(trie, value, true);
349	if (!new_node)
350		return -ENOMEM;
 
 
351
352	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&trie->lock, irq_flags);
 
 
 
 
 
 
353
354	new_node->prefixlen = key->prefixlen;
355	RCU_INIT_POINTER(new_node->child[0], NULL);
356	RCU_INIT_POINTER(new_node->child[1], NULL);
357	memcpy(new_node->data, key->data, trie->data_size);
358
359	/* Now find a slot to attach the new node. To do that, walk the tree
360	 * from the root and match as many bits as possible for each node until
361	 * we either find an empty slot or a slot that needs to be replaced by
362	 * an intermediate node.
363	 */
364	slot = &trie->root;
365
366	while ((node = rcu_dereference_protected(*slot,
367					lockdep_is_held(&trie->lock)))) {
368		matchlen = longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
369
370		if (node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
371		    node->prefixlen == key->prefixlen)
 
372			break;
373
374		next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
375		slot = &node->child[next_bit];
376	}
377
378	/* If the slot is empty (a free child pointer or an empty root),
379	 * simply assign the @new_node to that slot and be done.
380	 */
381	if (!node) {
382		ret = trie_check_add_elem(trie, flags);
383		if (ret)
384			goto out;
385
386		rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, new_node);
387		goto out;
388	}
389
390	/* If the slot we picked already exists, replace it with @new_node
391	 * which already has the correct data array set.
392	 */
393	if (node->prefixlen == matchlen) {
394		if (!(node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM)) {
395			if (flags == BPF_NOEXIST) {
396				ret = -EEXIST;
397				goto out;
398			}
399		} else {
400			ret = trie_check_add_elem(trie, flags);
401			if (ret)
402				goto out;
403		}
404
405		new_node->child[0] = node->child[0];
406		new_node->child[1] = node->child[1];
407
 
 
 
408		rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, new_node);
409		free_node = node;
410
411		goto out;
412	}
413
414	ret = trie_check_add_elem(trie, flags);
415	if (ret)
416		goto out;
417
418	/* If the new node matches the prefix completely, it must be inserted
419	 * as an ancestor. Simply insert it between @node and *@slot.
420	 */
421	if (matchlen == key->prefixlen) {
422		next_bit = extract_bit(node->data, matchlen);
423		rcu_assign_pointer(new_node->child[next_bit], node);
424		rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, new_node);
425		goto out;
426	}
427
428	/* migration is disabled within the locked scope */
429	im_node = lpm_trie_node_alloc(trie, NULL, false);
430	if (!im_node) {
431		trie->n_entries--;
432		ret = -ENOMEM;
433		goto out;
434	}
435
436	im_node->prefixlen = matchlen;
437	im_node->flags |= LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM;
438	memcpy(im_node->data, node->data, trie->data_size);
439
440	/* Now determine which child to install in which slot */
441	if (extract_bit(key->data, matchlen)) {
442		rcu_assign_pointer(im_node->child[0], node);
443		rcu_assign_pointer(im_node->child[1], new_node);
444	} else {
445		rcu_assign_pointer(im_node->child[0], new_node);
446		rcu_assign_pointer(im_node->child[1], node);
447	}
448
449	/* Finally, assign the intermediate node to the determined slot */
450	rcu_assign_pointer(*slot, im_node);
451
452out:
453	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trie->lock, irq_flags);
 
 
454
455	migrate_disable();
456	if (ret)
457		bpf_mem_cache_free(&trie->ma, new_node);
458	bpf_mem_cache_free_rcu(&trie->ma, free_node);
459	migrate_enable();
460
461	return ret;
462}
463
464/* Called from syscall or from eBPF program */
465static long trie_delete_elem(struct bpf_map *map, void *_key)
466{
467	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
468	struct lpm_trie_node *free_node = NULL, *free_parent = NULL;
469	struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8 *key = _key;
470	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu **trim, **trim2;
471	struct lpm_trie_node *node, *parent;
472	unsigned long irq_flags;
473	unsigned int next_bit;
474	size_t matchlen = 0;
475	int ret = 0;
476
477	if (key->prefixlen > trie->max_prefixlen)
478		return -EINVAL;
479
480	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&trie->lock, irq_flags);
481
482	/* Walk the tree looking for an exact key/length match and keeping
483	 * track of the path we traverse.  We will need to know the node
484	 * we wish to delete, and the slot that points to the node we want
485	 * to delete.  We may also need to know the nodes parent and the
486	 * slot that contains it.
487	 */
488	trim = &trie->root;
489	trim2 = trim;
490	parent = NULL;
491	while ((node = rcu_dereference_protected(
492		       *trim, lockdep_is_held(&trie->lock)))) {
493		matchlen = longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
494
495		if (node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
496		    node->prefixlen == key->prefixlen)
497			break;
498
499		parent = node;
500		trim2 = trim;
501		next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
502		trim = &node->child[next_bit];
503	}
504
505	if (!node || node->prefixlen != key->prefixlen ||
506	    node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
507	    (node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM)) {
508		ret = -ENOENT;
509		goto out;
510	}
511
512	trie->n_entries--;
513
514	/* If the node we are removing has two children, simply mark it
515	 * as intermediate and we are done.
516	 */
517	if (rcu_access_pointer(node->child[0]) &&
518	    rcu_access_pointer(node->child[1])) {
519		node->flags |= LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM;
520		goto out;
521	}
522
523	/* If the parent of the node we are about to delete is an intermediate
524	 * node, and the deleted node doesn't have any children, we can delete
525	 * the intermediate parent as well and promote its other child
526	 * up the tree.  Doing this maintains the invariant that all
527	 * intermediate nodes have exactly 2 children and that there are no
528	 * unnecessary intermediate nodes in the tree.
529	 */
530	if (parent && (parent->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM) &&
531	    !node->child[0] && !node->child[1]) {
532		if (node == rcu_access_pointer(parent->child[0]))
533			rcu_assign_pointer(
534				*trim2, rcu_access_pointer(parent->child[1]));
535		else
536			rcu_assign_pointer(
537				*trim2, rcu_access_pointer(parent->child[0]));
538		free_parent = parent;
539		free_node = node;
540		goto out;
541	}
542
543	/* The node we are removing has either zero or one child. If there
544	 * is a child, move it into the removed node's slot then delete
545	 * the node.  Otherwise just clear the slot and delete the node.
546	 */
547	if (node->child[0])
548		rcu_assign_pointer(*trim, rcu_access_pointer(node->child[0]));
549	else if (node->child[1])
550		rcu_assign_pointer(*trim, rcu_access_pointer(node->child[1]));
551	else
552		RCU_INIT_POINTER(*trim, NULL);
553	free_node = node;
554
555out:
556	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&trie->lock, irq_flags);
557
558	migrate_disable();
559	bpf_mem_cache_free_rcu(&trie->ma, free_parent);
560	bpf_mem_cache_free_rcu(&trie->ma, free_node);
561	migrate_enable();
562
563	return ret;
564}
565
566#define LPM_DATA_SIZE_MAX	256
567#define LPM_DATA_SIZE_MIN	1
568
569#define LPM_VAL_SIZE_MAX	(KMALLOC_MAX_SIZE - LPM_DATA_SIZE_MAX - \
570				 sizeof(struct lpm_trie_node))
571#define LPM_VAL_SIZE_MIN	1
572
573#define LPM_KEY_SIZE(X)		(sizeof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8) + (X))
574#define LPM_KEY_SIZE_MAX	LPM_KEY_SIZE(LPM_DATA_SIZE_MAX)
575#define LPM_KEY_SIZE_MIN	LPM_KEY_SIZE(LPM_DATA_SIZE_MIN)
576
577#define LPM_CREATE_FLAG_MASK	(BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC | BPF_F_NUMA_NODE |	\
578				 BPF_F_ACCESS_MASK)
579
580static struct bpf_map *trie_alloc(union bpf_attr *attr)
581{
582	struct lpm_trie *trie;
583	size_t leaf_size;
584	int err;
 
585
586	/* check sanity of attributes */
587	if (attr->max_entries == 0 ||
588	    !(attr->map_flags & BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC) ||
589	    attr->map_flags & ~LPM_CREATE_FLAG_MASK ||
590	    !bpf_map_flags_access_ok(attr->map_flags) ||
591	    attr->key_size < LPM_KEY_SIZE_MIN ||
592	    attr->key_size > LPM_KEY_SIZE_MAX ||
593	    attr->value_size < LPM_VAL_SIZE_MIN ||
594	    attr->value_size > LPM_VAL_SIZE_MAX)
595		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
596
597	trie = bpf_map_area_alloc(sizeof(*trie), NUMA_NO_NODE);
598	if (!trie)
599		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
600
601	/* copy mandatory map attributes */
602	bpf_map_init_from_attr(&trie->map, attr);
603	trie->data_size = attr->key_size -
604			  offsetof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8, data);
605	trie->max_prefixlen = trie->data_size * 8;
606
607	raw_spin_lock_init(&trie->lock);
608
609	/* Allocate intermediate and leaf nodes from the same allocator */
610	leaf_size = sizeof(struct lpm_trie_node) + trie->data_size +
611		    trie->map.value_size;
612	err = bpf_mem_alloc_init(&trie->ma, leaf_size, false);
613	if (err)
614		goto free_out;
615	return &trie->map;
616
617free_out:
618	bpf_map_area_free(trie);
619	return ERR_PTR(err);
620}
621
622static void trie_free(struct bpf_map *map)
623{
624	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
625	struct lpm_trie_node __rcu **slot;
626	struct lpm_trie_node *node;
627
628	/* Always start at the root and walk down to a node that has no
629	 * children. Then free that node, nullify its reference in the parent
630	 * and start over.
631	 */
632
633	for (;;) {
634		slot = &trie->root;
635
636		for (;;) {
637			node = rcu_dereference_protected(*slot, 1);
638			if (!node)
639				goto out;
640
641			if (rcu_access_pointer(node->child[0])) {
642				slot = &node->child[0];
643				continue;
644			}
645
646			if (rcu_access_pointer(node->child[1])) {
647				slot = &node->child[1];
648				continue;
649			}
650
651			/* No bpf program may access the map, so freeing the
652			 * node without waiting for the extra RCU GP.
653			 */
654			bpf_mem_cache_raw_free(node);
655			RCU_INIT_POINTER(*slot, NULL);
656			break;
657		}
658	}
659
660out:
661	bpf_mem_alloc_destroy(&trie->ma);
662	bpf_map_area_free(trie);
663}
664
665static int trie_get_next_key(struct bpf_map *map, void *_key, void *_next_key)
666{
667	struct lpm_trie_node *node, *next_node = NULL, *parent, *search_root;
668	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
669	struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8 *key = _key, *next_key = _next_key;
670	struct lpm_trie_node **node_stack = NULL;
671	int err = 0, stack_ptr = -1;
672	unsigned int next_bit;
673	size_t matchlen = 0;
674
675	/* The get_next_key follows postorder. For the 4 node example in
676	 * the top of this file, the trie_get_next_key() returns the following
677	 * one after another:
678	 *   192.168.0.0/24
679	 *   192.168.1.0/24
680	 *   192.168.128.0/24
681	 *   192.168.0.0/16
682	 *
683	 * The idea is to return more specific keys before less specific ones.
684	 */
685
686	/* Empty trie */
687	search_root = rcu_dereference(trie->root);
688	if (!search_root)
689		return -ENOENT;
690
691	/* For invalid key, find the leftmost node in the trie */
692	if (!key || key->prefixlen > trie->max_prefixlen)
693		goto find_leftmost;
694
695	node_stack = kmalloc_array(trie->max_prefixlen + 1,
696				   sizeof(struct lpm_trie_node *),
697				   GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
698	if (!node_stack)
699		return -ENOMEM;
700
701	/* Try to find the exact node for the given key */
702	for (node = search_root; node;) {
703		node_stack[++stack_ptr] = node;
704		matchlen = longest_prefix_match(trie, node, key);
705		if (node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
706		    node->prefixlen == key->prefixlen)
707			break;
708
709		next_bit = extract_bit(key->data, node->prefixlen);
710		node = rcu_dereference(node->child[next_bit]);
711	}
712	if (!node || node->prefixlen != matchlen ||
713	    (node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM))
714		goto find_leftmost;
715
716	/* The node with the exactly-matching key has been found,
717	 * find the first node in postorder after the matched node.
718	 */
719	node = node_stack[stack_ptr];
720	while (stack_ptr > 0) {
721		parent = node_stack[stack_ptr - 1];
722		if (rcu_dereference(parent->child[0]) == node) {
723			search_root = rcu_dereference(parent->child[1]);
724			if (search_root)
725				goto find_leftmost;
726		}
727		if (!(parent->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM)) {
728			next_node = parent;
729			goto do_copy;
730		}
731
732		node = parent;
733		stack_ptr--;
734	}
735
736	/* did not find anything */
737	err = -ENOENT;
738	goto free_stack;
739
740find_leftmost:
741	/* Find the leftmost non-intermediate node, all intermediate nodes
742	 * have exact two children, so this function will never return NULL.
743	 */
744	for (node = search_root; node;) {
745		if (node->flags & LPM_TREE_NODE_FLAG_IM) {
746			node = rcu_dereference(node->child[0]);
747		} else {
748			next_node = node;
749			node = rcu_dereference(node->child[0]);
750			if (!node)
751				node = rcu_dereference(next_node->child[1]);
752		}
753	}
754do_copy:
755	next_key->prefixlen = next_node->prefixlen;
756	memcpy((void *)next_key + offsetof(struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8, data),
757	       next_node->data, trie->data_size);
758free_stack:
759	kfree(node_stack);
760	return err;
761}
762
763static int trie_check_btf(const struct bpf_map *map,
764			  const struct btf *btf,
765			  const struct btf_type *key_type,
766			  const struct btf_type *value_type)
767{
768	/* Keys must have struct bpf_lpm_trie_key_u8 embedded. */
769	return BTF_INFO_KIND(key_type->info) != BTF_KIND_STRUCT ?
770	       -EINVAL : 0;
771}
772
773static u64 trie_mem_usage(const struct bpf_map *map)
774{
775	struct lpm_trie *trie = container_of(map, struct lpm_trie, map);
776	u64 elem_size;
777
778	elem_size = sizeof(struct lpm_trie_node) + trie->data_size +
779			    trie->map.value_size;
780	return elem_size * READ_ONCE(trie->n_entries);
781}
782
783BTF_ID_LIST_SINGLE(trie_map_btf_ids, struct, lpm_trie)
784const struct bpf_map_ops trie_map_ops = {
785	.map_meta_equal = bpf_map_meta_equal,
786	.map_alloc = trie_alloc,
787	.map_free = trie_free,
788	.map_get_next_key = trie_get_next_key,
789	.map_lookup_elem = trie_lookup_elem,
790	.map_update_elem = trie_update_elem,
791	.map_delete_elem = trie_delete_elem,
792	.map_lookup_batch = generic_map_lookup_batch,
793	.map_update_batch = generic_map_update_batch,
794	.map_delete_batch = generic_map_delete_batch,
795	.map_check_btf = trie_check_btf,
796	.map_mem_usage = trie_mem_usage,
797	.map_btf_id = &trie_map_btf_ids[0],
798};