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v6.2
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2/*
   3 * Copyright (c) 2000-2006 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   4 * Copyright (c) 2016-2018 Christoph Hellwig.
   5 * All Rights Reserved.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   6 */
   7#include "xfs.h"
   8#include "xfs_fs.h"
   9#include "xfs_shared.h"
  10#include "xfs_format.h"
  11#include "xfs_log_format.h"
  12#include "xfs_trans_resv.h"
  13#include "xfs_mount.h"
  14#include "xfs_inode.h"
  15#include "xfs_btree.h"
  16#include "xfs_bmap_btree.h"
  17#include "xfs_bmap.h"
  18#include "xfs_bmap_util.h"
  19#include "xfs_errortag.h"
  20#include "xfs_error.h"
  21#include "xfs_trans.h"
  22#include "xfs_trans_space.h"
  23#include "xfs_inode_item.h"
  24#include "xfs_iomap.h"
  25#include "xfs_trace.h"
 
  26#include "xfs_quota.h"
  27#include "xfs_dquot_item.h"
  28#include "xfs_dquot.h"
  29#include "xfs_reflink.h"
  30
  31#define XFS_ALLOC_ALIGN(mp, off) \
  32	(((off) >> mp->m_allocsize_log) << mp->m_allocsize_log)
  33
  34static int
  35xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(
  36	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
  37	xfs_bmbt_irec_t	*imap)
  38{
  39	xfs_alert_tag(ip->i_mount, XFS_PTAG_FSBLOCK_ZERO,
  40			"Access to block zero in inode %llu "
  41			"start_block: %llx start_off: %llx "
  42			"blkcnt: %llx extent-state: %x",
  43		(unsigned long long)ip->i_ino,
  44		(unsigned long long)imap->br_startblock,
  45		(unsigned long long)imap->br_startoff,
  46		(unsigned long long)imap->br_blockcount,
  47		imap->br_state);
  48	return -EFSCORRUPTED;
  49}
  50
  51u64
  52xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(
  53	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
  54	u16			iomap_flags)
  55{
  56	u64			cookie = 0;
  57
  58	if (iomap_flags & IOMAP_F_XATTR)
  59		return READ_ONCE(ip->i_af.if_seq);
  60	if ((iomap_flags & IOMAP_F_SHARED) && ip->i_cowfp)
  61		cookie = (u64)READ_ONCE(ip->i_cowfp->if_seq) << 32;
  62	return cookie | READ_ONCE(ip->i_df.if_seq);
  63}
  64
  65/*
  66 * Check that the iomap passed to us is still valid for the given offset and
  67 * length.
  68 */
  69static bool
  70xfs_iomap_valid(
  71	struct inode		*inode,
  72	const struct iomap	*iomap)
  73{
  74	struct xfs_inode	*ip = XFS_I(inode);
  75
  76	if (iomap->validity_cookie !=
  77			xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, iomap->flags)) {
  78		trace_xfs_iomap_invalid(ip, iomap);
  79		return false;
  80	}
  81
  82	XFS_ERRORTAG_DELAY(ip->i_mount, XFS_ERRTAG_WRITE_DELAY_MS);
  83	return true;
  84}
  85
  86static const struct iomap_page_ops xfs_iomap_page_ops = {
  87	.iomap_valid		= xfs_iomap_valid,
  88};
  89
  90int
  91xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(
  92	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
  93	struct iomap		*iomap,
  94	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	*imap,
  95	unsigned int		mapping_flags,
  96	u16			iomap_flags,
  97	u64			sequence_cookie)
  98{
  99	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
 100	struct xfs_buftarg	*target = xfs_inode_buftarg(ip);
 101
 102	if (unlikely(!xfs_valid_startblock(ip, imap->br_startblock)))
 103		return xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(ip, imap);
 104
 105	if (imap->br_startblock == HOLESTARTBLOCK) {
 106		iomap->addr = IOMAP_NULL_ADDR;
 107		iomap->type = IOMAP_HOLE;
 108	} else if (imap->br_startblock == DELAYSTARTBLOCK ||
 109		   isnullstartblock(imap->br_startblock)) {
 110		iomap->addr = IOMAP_NULL_ADDR;
 111		iomap->type = IOMAP_DELALLOC;
 112	} else {
 113		iomap->addr = BBTOB(xfs_fsb_to_db(ip, imap->br_startblock));
 114		if (mapping_flags & IOMAP_DAX)
 115			iomap->addr += target->bt_dax_part_off;
 116
 117		if (imap->br_state == XFS_EXT_UNWRITTEN)
 118			iomap->type = IOMAP_UNWRITTEN;
 119		else
 120			iomap->type = IOMAP_MAPPED;
 121
 122	}
 123	iomap->offset = XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, imap->br_startoff);
 124	iomap->length = XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, imap->br_blockcount);
 125	if (mapping_flags & IOMAP_DAX)
 126		iomap->dax_dev = target->bt_daxdev;
 127	else
 128		iomap->bdev = target->bt_bdev;
 129	iomap->flags = iomap_flags;
 130
 131	if (xfs_ipincount(ip) &&
 132	    (ip->i_itemp->ili_fsync_fields & ~XFS_ILOG_TIMESTAMP))
 133		iomap->flags |= IOMAP_F_DIRTY;
 134
 135	iomap->validity_cookie = sequence_cookie;
 136	iomap->page_ops = &xfs_iomap_page_ops;
 137	return 0;
 138}
 139
 140static void
 141xfs_hole_to_iomap(
 142	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
 143	struct iomap		*iomap,
 144	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb,
 145	xfs_fileoff_t		end_fsb)
 146{
 147	struct xfs_buftarg	*target = xfs_inode_buftarg(ip);
 148
 149	iomap->addr = IOMAP_NULL_ADDR;
 150	iomap->type = IOMAP_HOLE;
 151	iomap->offset = XFS_FSB_TO_B(ip->i_mount, offset_fsb);
 152	iomap->length = XFS_FSB_TO_B(ip->i_mount, end_fsb - offset_fsb);
 153	iomap->bdev = target->bt_bdev;
 154	iomap->dax_dev = target->bt_daxdev;
 155}
 156
 157static inline xfs_fileoff_t
 158xfs_iomap_end_fsb(
 159	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
 160	loff_t			offset,
 161	loff_t			count)
 162{
 163	ASSERT(offset <= mp->m_super->s_maxbytes);
 164	return min(XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, offset + count),
 165		   XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, mp->m_super->s_maxbytes));
 166}
 167
 168static xfs_extlen_t
 169xfs_eof_alignment(
 170	struct xfs_inode	*ip)
 171{
 172	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
 173	xfs_extlen_t		align = 0;
 174
 175	if (!XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip)) {
 176		/*
 177		 * Round up the allocation request to a stripe unit
 178		 * (m_dalign) boundary if the file size is >= stripe unit
 179		 * size, and we are allocating past the allocation eof.
 180		 *
 181		 * If mounted with the "-o swalloc" option the alignment is
 182		 * increased from the strip unit size to the stripe width.
 183		 */
 184		if (mp->m_swidth && xfs_has_swalloc(mp))
 185			align = mp->m_swidth;
 186		else if (mp->m_dalign)
 187			align = mp->m_dalign;
 188
 189		if (align && XFS_ISIZE(ip) < XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, align))
 190			align = 0;
 191	}
 192
 193	return align;
 194}
 195
 196/*
 197 * Check if last_fsb is outside the last extent, and if so grow it to the next
 198 * stripe unit boundary.
 199 */
 200xfs_fileoff_t
 201xfs_iomap_eof_align_last_fsb(
 202	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
 203	xfs_fileoff_t		end_fsb)
 204{
 205	struct xfs_ifork	*ifp = xfs_ifork_ptr(ip, XFS_DATA_FORK);
 206	xfs_extlen_t		extsz = xfs_get_extsz_hint(ip);
 207	xfs_extlen_t		align = xfs_eof_alignment(ip);
 208	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	irec;
 209	struct xfs_iext_cursor	icur;
 210
 211	ASSERT(!xfs_need_iread_extents(ifp));
 212
 213	/*
 214	 * Always round up the allocation request to the extent hint boundary.
 
 215	 */
 216	if (extsz) {
 217		if (align)
 218			align = roundup_64(align, extsz);
 219		else
 220			align = extsz;
 221	}
 222
 223	if (align) {
 224		xfs_fileoff_t	aligned_end_fsb = roundup_64(end_fsb, align);
 225
 226		xfs_iext_last(ifp, &icur);
 227		if (!xfs_iext_get_extent(ifp, &icur, &irec) ||
 228		    aligned_end_fsb >= irec.br_startoff + irec.br_blockcount)
 229			return aligned_end_fsb;
 230	}
 
 
 231
 232	return end_fsb;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 233}
 234
 235int
 236xfs_iomap_write_direct(
 237	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
 238	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb,
 239	xfs_fileoff_t		count_fsb,
 240	unsigned int		flags,
 241	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	*imap,
 242	u64			*seq)
 243{
 244	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
 245	struct xfs_trans	*tp;
 246	xfs_filblks_t		resaligned;
 247	int			nimaps;
 248	unsigned int		dblocks, rblocks;
 249	bool			force = false;
 250	int			error;
 251	int			bmapi_flags = XFS_BMAPI_PREALLOC;
 252	int			nr_exts = XFS_IEXT_ADD_NOSPLIT_CNT;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 253
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 254	ASSERT(count_fsb > 0);
 255
 256	resaligned = xfs_aligned_fsb_count(offset_fsb, count_fsb,
 257					   xfs_get_extsz_hint(ip));
 258	if (unlikely(XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip))) {
 259		dblocks = XFS_DIOSTRAT_SPACE_RES(mp, 0);
 260		rblocks = resaligned;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 261	} else {
 262		dblocks = XFS_DIOSTRAT_SPACE_RES(mp, resaligned);
 263		rblocks = 0;
 
 264	}
 265
 266	error = xfs_qm_dqattach(ip);
 
 
 
 
 
 267	if (error)
 268		return error;
 269
 270	/*
 
 
 
 
 
 271	 * For DAX, we do not allocate unwritten extents, but instead we zero
 272	 * the block before we commit the transaction.  Ideally we'd like to do
 273	 * this outside the transaction context, but if we commit and then crash
 274	 * we may not have zeroed the blocks and this will be exposed on
 275	 * recovery of the allocation. Hence we must zero before commit.
 276	 *
 277	 * Further, if we are mapping unwritten extents here, we need to zero
 278	 * and convert them to written so that we don't need an unwritten extent
 279	 * callback for DAX. This also means that we need to be able to dip into
 280	 * the reserve block pool for bmbt block allocation if there is no space
 281	 * left but we need to do unwritten extent conversion.
 282	 */
 283	if (flags & IOMAP_DAX) {
 
 284		bmapi_flags = XFS_BMAPI_CONVERT | XFS_BMAPI_ZERO;
 285		if (imap->br_state == XFS_EXT_UNWRITTEN) {
 286			force = true;
 287			nr_exts = XFS_IEXT_WRITE_UNWRITTEN_CNT;
 288			dblocks = XFS_DIOSTRAT_SPACE_RES(mp, 0) << 1;
 289		}
 290	}
 291
 292	error = xfs_trans_alloc_inode(ip, &M_RES(mp)->tr_write, dblocks,
 293			rblocks, force, &tp);
 294	if (error)
 
 
 
 295		return error;
 
 296
 297	error = xfs_iext_count_may_overflow(ip, XFS_DATA_FORK, nr_exts);
 298	if (error == -EFBIG)
 299		error = xfs_iext_count_upgrade(tp, ip, nr_exts);
 
 300	if (error)
 301		goto out_trans_cancel;
 302
 
 
 303	/*
 304	 * From this point onwards we overwrite the imap pointer that the
 305	 * caller gave to us.
 306	 */
 
 307	nimaps = 1;
 308	error = xfs_bmapi_write(tp, ip, offset_fsb, count_fsb, bmapi_flags, 0,
 309				imap, &nimaps);
 
 310	if (error)
 311		goto out_trans_cancel;
 312
 313	/*
 314	 * Complete the transaction
 315	 */
 
 
 
 
 316	error = xfs_trans_commit(tp);
 317	if (error)
 318		goto out_unlock;
 319
 320	/*
 321	 * Copy any maps to caller's array and return any error.
 322	 */
 323	if (nimaps == 0) {
 324		error = -ENOSPC;
 325		goto out_unlock;
 326	}
 327
 328	if (unlikely(!xfs_valid_startblock(ip, imap->br_startblock)))
 329		error = xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(ip, imap);
 330
 331out_unlock:
 332	*seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, 0);
 333	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
 334	return error;
 335
 
 
 
 336out_trans_cancel:
 337	xfs_trans_cancel(tp);
 338	goto out_unlock;
 339}
 340
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 341STATIC bool
 342xfs_quota_need_throttle(
 343	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
 344	xfs_dqtype_t		type,
 345	xfs_fsblock_t		alloc_blocks)
 346{
 347	struct xfs_dquot	*dq = xfs_inode_dquot(ip, type);
 348
 349	if (!dq || !xfs_this_quota_on(ip->i_mount, type))
 350		return false;
 351
 352	/* no hi watermark, no throttle */
 353	if (!dq->q_prealloc_hi_wmark)
 354		return false;
 355
 356	/* under the lo watermark, no throttle */
 357	if (dq->q_blk.reserved + alloc_blocks < dq->q_prealloc_lo_wmark)
 358		return false;
 359
 360	return true;
 361}
 362
 363STATIC void
 364xfs_quota_calc_throttle(
 365	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
 366	xfs_dqtype_t		type,
 367	xfs_fsblock_t		*qblocks,
 368	int			*qshift,
 369	int64_t			*qfreesp)
 370{
 371	struct xfs_dquot	*dq = xfs_inode_dquot(ip, type);
 372	int64_t			freesp;
 373	int			shift = 0;
 374
 375	/* no dq, or over hi wmark, squash the prealloc completely */
 376	if (!dq || dq->q_blk.reserved >= dq->q_prealloc_hi_wmark) {
 377		*qblocks = 0;
 378		*qfreesp = 0;
 379		return;
 380	}
 381
 382	freesp = dq->q_prealloc_hi_wmark - dq->q_blk.reserved;
 383	if (freesp < dq->q_low_space[XFS_QLOWSP_5_PCNT]) {
 384		shift = 2;
 385		if (freesp < dq->q_low_space[XFS_QLOWSP_3_PCNT])
 386			shift += 2;
 387		if (freesp < dq->q_low_space[XFS_QLOWSP_1_PCNT])
 388			shift += 2;
 389	}
 390
 391	if (freesp < *qfreesp)
 392		*qfreesp = freesp;
 393
 394	/* only overwrite the throttle values if we are more aggressive */
 395	if ((freesp >> shift) < (*qblocks >> *qshift)) {
 396		*qblocks = freesp;
 397		*qshift = shift;
 398	}
 399}
 400
 401/*
 402 * If we don't have a user specified preallocation size, dynamically increase
 403 * the preallocation size as the size of the file grows.  Cap the maximum size
 404 * at a single extent or less if the filesystem is near full. The closer the
 405 * filesystem is to being full, the smaller the maximum preallocation.
 406 */
 407STATIC xfs_fsblock_t
 408xfs_iomap_prealloc_size(
 
 409	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
 410	int			whichfork,
 411	loff_t			offset,
 412	loff_t			count,
 413	struct xfs_iext_cursor	*icur)
 414{
 415	struct xfs_iext_cursor	ncur = *icur;
 416	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	prev, got;
 417	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
 418	struct xfs_ifork	*ifp = xfs_ifork_ptr(ip, whichfork);
 419	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
 420	int64_t			freesp;
 421	xfs_fsblock_t		qblocks;
 422	xfs_fsblock_t		alloc_blocks = 0;
 423	xfs_extlen_t		plen;
 424	int			shift = 0;
 
 
 425	int			qshift = 0;
 426
 427	/*
 428	 * As an exception we don't do any preallocation at all if the file is
 429	 * smaller than the minimum preallocation and we are using the default
 430	 * dynamic preallocation scheme, as it is likely this is the only write
 431	 * to the file that is going to be done.
 432	 */
 433	if (XFS_ISIZE(ip) < XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, mp->m_allocsize_blocks))
 434		return 0;
 435
 436	/*
 437	 * Use the minimum preallocation size for small files or if we are
 438	 * writing right after a hole.
 439	 */
 440	if (XFS_ISIZE(ip) < XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, mp->m_dalign) ||
 441	    !xfs_iext_prev_extent(ifp, &ncur, &prev) ||
 442	    prev.br_startoff + prev.br_blockcount < offset_fsb)
 443		return mp->m_allocsize_blocks;
 444
 445	/*
 446	 * Take the size of the preceding data extents as the basis for the
 447	 * preallocation size. Note that we don't care if the previous extents
 448	 * are written or not.
 449	 */
 450	plen = prev.br_blockcount;
 451	while (xfs_iext_prev_extent(ifp, &ncur, &got)) {
 452		if (plen > XFS_MAX_BMBT_EXTLEN / 2 ||
 453		    isnullstartblock(got.br_startblock) ||
 454		    got.br_startoff + got.br_blockcount != prev.br_startoff ||
 455		    got.br_startblock + got.br_blockcount != prev.br_startblock)
 456			break;
 457		plen += got.br_blockcount;
 458		prev = got;
 459	}
 460
 461	/*
 462	 * If the size of the extents is greater than half the maximum extent
 463	 * length, then use the current offset as the basis.  This ensures that
 464	 * for large files the preallocation size always extends to
 465	 * XFS_BMBT_MAX_EXTLEN rather than falling short due to things like stripe
 466	 * unit/width alignment of real extents.
 467	 */
 468	alloc_blocks = plen * 2;
 469	if (alloc_blocks > XFS_MAX_BMBT_EXTLEN)
 470		alloc_blocks = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, offset);
 471	qblocks = alloc_blocks;
 472
 473	/*
 474	 * XFS_BMBT_MAX_EXTLEN is not a power of two value but we round the prealloc
 475	 * down to the nearest power of two value after throttling. To prevent
 476	 * the round down from unconditionally reducing the maximum supported
 477	 * prealloc size, we round up first, apply appropriate throttling, round
 478	 * down and cap the value to XFS_BMBT_MAX_EXTLEN.
 479	 */
 480	alloc_blocks = XFS_FILEOFF_MIN(roundup_pow_of_two(XFS_MAX_BMBT_EXTLEN),
 481				       alloc_blocks);
 482
 483	freesp = percpu_counter_read_positive(&mp->m_fdblocks);
 484	if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_5_PCNT]) {
 485		shift = 2;
 486		if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_4_PCNT])
 487			shift++;
 488		if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_3_PCNT])
 489			shift++;
 490		if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_2_PCNT])
 491			shift++;
 492		if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_1_PCNT])
 493			shift++;
 494	}
 495
 496	/*
 497	 * Check each quota to cap the prealloc size, provide a shift value to
 498	 * throttle with and adjust amount of available space.
 499	 */
 500	if (xfs_quota_need_throttle(ip, XFS_DQTYPE_USER, alloc_blocks))
 501		xfs_quota_calc_throttle(ip, XFS_DQTYPE_USER, &qblocks, &qshift,
 502					&freesp);
 503	if (xfs_quota_need_throttle(ip, XFS_DQTYPE_GROUP, alloc_blocks))
 504		xfs_quota_calc_throttle(ip, XFS_DQTYPE_GROUP, &qblocks, &qshift,
 505					&freesp);
 506	if (xfs_quota_need_throttle(ip, XFS_DQTYPE_PROJ, alloc_blocks))
 507		xfs_quota_calc_throttle(ip, XFS_DQTYPE_PROJ, &qblocks, &qshift,
 508					&freesp);
 509
 510	/*
 511	 * The final prealloc size is set to the minimum of free space available
 512	 * in each of the quotas and the overall filesystem.
 513	 *
 514	 * The shift throttle value is set to the maximum value as determined by
 515	 * the global low free space values and per-quota low free space values.
 516	 */
 517	alloc_blocks = min(alloc_blocks, qblocks);
 518	shift = max(shift, qshift);
 519
 520	if (shift)
 521		alloc_blocks >>= shift;
 522	/*
 523	 * rounddown_pow_of_two() returns an undefined result if we pass in
 524	 * alloc_blocks = 0.
 525	 */
 526	if (alloc_blocks)
 527		alloc_blocks = rounddown_pow_of_two(alloc_blocks);
 528	if (alloc_blocks > XFS_MAX_BMBT_EXTLEN)
 529		alloc_blocks = XFS_MAX_BMBT_EXTLEN;
 530
 531	/*
 532	 * If we are still trying to allocate more space than is
 533	 * available, squash the prealloc hard. This can happen if we
 534	 * have a large file on a small filesystem and the above
 535	 * lowspace thresholds are smaller than XFS_BMBT_MAX_EXTLEN.
 536	 */
 537	while (alloc_blocks && alloc_blocks >= freesp)
 538		alloc_blocks >>= 4;
 539	if (alloc_blocks < mp->m_allocsize_blocks)
 540		alloc_blocks = mp->m_allocsize_blocks;
 
 
 
 541	trace_xfs_iomap_prealloc_size(ip, alloc_blocks, shift,
 542				      mp->m_allocsize_blocks);
 
 543	return alloc_blocks;
 544}
 545
 546int
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 547xfs_iomap_write_unwritten(
 548	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
 549	xfs_off_t	offset,
 550	xfs_off_t	count,
 551	bool		update_isize)
 552{
 553	xfs_mount_t	*mp = ip->i_mount;
 554	xfs_fileoff_t	offset_fsb;
 555	xfs_filblks_t	count_fsb;
 556	xfs_filblks_t	numblks_fsb;
 
 557	int		nimaps;
 558	xfs_trans_t	*tp;
 559	xfs_bmbt_irec_t imap;
 560	struct inode	*inode = VFS_I(ip);
 561	xfs_fsize_t	i_size;
 562	uint		resblks;
 563	int		error;
 564
 565	trace_xfs_unwritten_convert(ip, offset, count);
 566
 567	offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
 568	count_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, (xfs_ufsize_t)offset + count);
 569	count_fsb = (xfs_filblks_t)(count_fsb - offset_fsb);
 570
 571	/*
 572	 * Reserve enough blocks in this transaction for two complete extent
 573	 * btree splits.  We may be converting the middle part of an unwritten
 574	 * extent and in this case we will insert two new extents in the btree
 575	 * each of which could cause a full split.
 576	 *
 577	 * This reservation amount will be used in the first call to
 578	 * xfs_bmbt_split() to select an AG with enough space to satisfy the
 579	 * rest of the operation.
 580	 */
 581	resblks = XFS_DIOSTRAT_SPACE_RES(mp, 0) << 1;
 582
 583	/* Attach dquots so that bmbt splits are accounted correctly. */
 584	error = xfs_qm_dqattach(ip);
 585	if (error)
 586		return error;
 587
 588	do {
 589		/*
 590		 * Set up a transaction to convert the range of extents
 591		 * from unwritten to real. Do allocations in a loop until
 592		 * we have covered the range passed in.
 593		 *
 594		 * Note that we can't risk to recursing back into the filesystem
 595		 * here as we might be asked to write out the same inode that we
 596		 * complete here and might deadlock on the iolock.
 597		 */
 598		error = xfs_trans_alloc_inode(ip, &M_RES(mp)->tr_write, resblks,
 599				0, true, &tp);
 600		if (error)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 601			return error;
 
 602
 603		error = xfs_iext_count_may_overflow(ip, XFS_DATA_FORK,
 604				XFS_IEXT_WRITE_UNWRITTEN_CNT);
 605		if (error == -EFBIG)
 606			error = xfs_iext_count_upgrade(tp, ip,
 607					XFS_IEXT_WRITE_UNWRITTEN_CNT);
 608		if (error)
 609			goto error_on_bmapi_transaction;
 610
 611		/*
 612		 * Modify the unwritten extent state of the buffer.
 613		 */
 
 614		nimaps = 1;
 615		error = xfs_bmapi_write(tp, ip, offset_fsb, count_fsb,
 616					XFS_BMAPI_CONVERT, resblks, &imap,
 617					&nimaps);
 618		if (error)
 619			goto error_on_bmapi_transaction;
 620
 621		/*
 622		 * Log the updated inode size as we go.  We have to be careful
 623		 * to only log it up to the actual write offset if it is
 624		 * halfway into a block.
 625		 */
 626		i_size = XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, offset_fsb + count_fsb);
 627		if (i_size > offset + count)
 628			i_size = offset + count;
 629		if (update_isize && i_size > i_size_read(inode))
 630			i_size_write(inode, i_size);
 631		i_size = xfs_new_eof(ip, i_size);
 632		if (i_size) {
 633			ip->i_disk_size = i_size;
 634			xfs_trans_log_inode(tp, ip, XFS_ILOG_CORE);
 635		}
 636
 
 
 
 
 637		error = xfs_trans_commit(tp);
 638		xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
 639		if (error)
 640			return error;
 641
 642		if (unlikely(!xfs_valid_startblock(ip, imap.br_startblock)))
 643			return xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(ip, &imap);
 644
 645		if ((numblks_fsb = imap.br_blockcount) == 0) {
 646			/*
 647			 * The numblks_fsb value should always get
 648			 * smaller, otherwise the loop is stuck.
 649			 */
 650			ASSERT(imap.br_blockcount);
 651			break;
 652		}
 653		offset_fsb += numblks_fsb;
 654		count_fsb -= numblks_fsb;
 655	} while (count_fsb > 0);
 656
 657	return 0;
 658
 659error_on_bmapi_transaction:
 
 660	xfs_trans_cancel(tp);
 661	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
 662	return error;
 663}
 664
 665static inline bool
 666imap_needs_alloc(
 667	struct inode		*inode,
 668	unsigned		flags,
 669	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	*imap,
 670	int			nimaps)
 671{
 672	/* don't allocate blocks when just zeroing */
 673	if (flags & IOMAP_ZERO)
 674		return false;
 675	if (!nimaps ||
 676	    imap->br_startblock == HOLESTARTBLOCK ||
 677	    imap->br_startblock == DELAYSTARTBLOCK)
 678		return true;
 679	/* we convert unwritten extents before copying the data for DAX */
 680	if ((flags & IOMAP_DAX) && imap->br_state == XFS_EXT_UNWRITTEN)
 681		return true;
 682	return false;
 683}
 684
 685static inline bool
 686imap_needs_cow(
 687	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
 688	unsigned int		flags,
 689	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	*imap,
 690	int			nimaps)
 691{
 692	if (!xfs_is_cow_inode(ip))
 693		return false;
 694
 695	/* when zeroing we don't have to COW holes or unwritten extents */
 696	if (flags & IOMAP_ZERO) {
 697		if (!nimaps ||
 698		    imap->br_startblock == HOLESTARTBLOCK ||
 699		    imap->br_state == XFS_EXT_UNWRITTEN)
 700			return false;
 701	}
 702
 703	return true;
 704}
 705
 706static int
 707xfs_ilock_for_iomap(
 708	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
 709	unsigned		flags,
 710	unsigned		*lockmode)
 711{
 712	unsigned int		mode = *lockmode;
 713	bool			is_write = flags & (IOMAP_WRITE | IOMAP_ZERO);
 714
 715	/*
 716	 * COW writes may allocate delalloc space or convert unwritten COW
 717	 * extents, so we need to make sure to take the lock exclusively here.
 718	 */
 719	if (xfs_is_cow_inode(ip) && is_write)
 720		mode = XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
 721
 722	/*
 723	 * Extents not yet cached requires exclusive access, don't block.  This
 724	 * is an opencoded xfs_ilock_data_map_shared() call but with
 725	 * non-blocking behaviour.
 726	 */
 727	if (xfs_need_iread_extents(&ip->i_df)) {
 728		if (flags & IOMAP_NOWAIT)
 729			return -EAGAIN;
 730		mode = XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
 731	}
 732
 733relock:
 734	if (flags & IOMAP_NOWAIT) {
 735		if (!xfs_ilock_nowait(ip, mode))
 736			return -EAGAIN;
 737	} else {
 738		xfs_ilock(ip, mode);
 739	}
 740
 741	/*
 742	 * The reflink iflag could have changed since the earlier unlocked
 743	 * check, so if we got ILOCK_SHARED for a write and but we're now a
 744	 * reflink inode we have to switch to ILOCK_EXCL and relock.
 745	 */
 746	if (mode == XFS_ILOCK_SHARED && is_write && xfs_is_cow_inode(ip)) {
 747		xfs_iunlock(ip, mode);
 748		mode = XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
 749		goto relock;
 750	}
 751
 752	*lockmode = mode;
 753	return 0;
 754}
 755
 756/*
 757 * Check that the imap we are going to return to the caller spans the entire
 758 * range that the caller requested for the IO.
 759 */
 760static bool
 761imap_spans_range(
 762	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	*imap,
 763	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb,
 764	xfs_fileoff_t		end_fsb)
 765{
 766	if (imap->br_startoff > offset_fsb)
 767		return false;
 768	if (imap->br_startoff + imap->br_blockcount < end_fsb)
 769		return false;
 770	return true;
 771}
 772
 773static int
 774xfs_direct_write_iomap_begin(
 775	struct inode		*inode,
 776	loff_t			offset,
 777	loff_t			length,
 778	unsigned		flags,
 779	struct iomap		*iomap,
 780	struct iomap		*srcmap)
 781{
 782	struct xfs_inode	*ip = XFS_I(inode);
 783	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
 784	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	imap, cmap;
 785	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
 786	xfs_fileoff_t		end_fsb = xfs_iomap_end_fsb(mp, offset, length);
 787	int			nimaps = 1, error = 0;
 788	bool			shared = false;
 789	u16			iomap_flags = 0;
 790	unsigned int		lockmode = XFS_ILOCK_SHARED;
 791	u64			seq;
 792
 793	ASSERT(flags & (IOMAP_WRITE | IOMAP_ZERO));
 794
 795	if (xfs_is_shutdown(mp))
 796		return -EIO;
 797
 798	/*
 799	 * Writes that span EOF might trigger an IO size update on completion,
 800	 * so consider them to be dirty for the purposes of O_DSYNC even if
 801	 * there is no other metadata changes pending or have been made here.
 802	 */
 803	if (offset + length > i_size_read(inode))
 804		iomap_flags |= IOMAP_F_DIRTY;
 805
 806	error = xfs_ilock_for_iomap(ip, flags, &lockmode);
 807	if (error)
 808		return error;
 809
 810	error = xfs_bmapi_read(ip, offset_fsb, end_fsb - offset_fsb, &imap,
 811			       &nimaps, 0);
 812	if (error)
 813		goto out_unlock;
 814
 815	if (imap_needs_cow(ip, flags, &imap, nimaps)) {
 816		error = -EAGAIN;
 817		if (flags & IOMAP_NOWAIT)
 818			goto out_unlock;
 819
 820		/* may drop and re-acquire the ilock */
 821		error = xfs_reflink_allocate_cow(ip, &imap, &cmap, &shared,
 822				&lockmode,
 823				(flags & IOMAP_DIRECT) || IS_DAX(inode));
 824		if (error)
 825			goto out_unlock;
 826		if (shared)
 827			goto out_found_cow;
 828		end_fsb = imap.br_startoff + imap.br_blockcount;
 829		length = XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, end_fsb) - offset;
 830	}
 831
 832	if (imap_needs_alloc(inode, flags, &imap, nimaps))
 833		goto allocate_blocks;
 834
 835	/*
 836	 * NOWAIT and OVERWRITE I/O needs to span the entire requested I/O with
 837	 * a single map so that we avoid partial IO failures due to the rest of
 838	 * the I/O range not covered by this map triggering an EAGAIN condition
 839	 * when it is subsequently mapped and aborting the I/O.
 840	 */
 841	if (flags & (IOMAP_NOWAIT | IOMAP_OVERWRITE_ONLY)) {
 842		error = -EAGAIN;
 843		if (!imap_spans_range(&imap, offset_fsb, end_fsb))
 844			goto out_unlock;
 845	}
 846
 847	/*
 848	 * For overwrite only I/O, we cannot convert unwritten extents without
 849	 * requiring sub-block zeroing.  This can only be done under an
 850	 * exclusive IOLOCK, hence return -EAGAIN if this is not a written
 851	 * extent to tell the caller to try again.
 852	 */
 853	if (flags & IOMAP_OVERWRITE_ONLY) {
 854		error = -EAGAIN;
 855		if (imap.br_state != XFS_EXT_NORM &&
 856	            ((offset | length) & mp->m_blockmask))
 857			goto out_unlock;
 858	}
 859
 860	seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, iomap_flags);
 861	xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
 862	trace_xfs_iomap_found(ip, offset, length, XFS_DATA_FORK, &imap);
 863	return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &imap, flags, iomap_flags, seq);
 864
 865allocate_blocks:
 866	error = -EAGAIN;
 867	if (flags & (IOMAP_NOWAIT | IOMAP_OVERWRITE_ONLY))
 868		goto out_unlock;
 869
 870	/*
 871	 * We cap the maximum length we map to a sane size  to keep the chunks
 872	 * of work done where somewhat symmetric with the work writeback does.
 873	 * This is a completely arbitrary number pulled out of thin air as a
 874	 * best guess for initial testing.
 875	 *
 876	 * Note that the values needs to be less than 32-bits wide until the
 877	 * lower level functions are updated.
 878	 */
 879	length = min_t(loff_t, length, 1024 * PAGE_SIZE);
 880	end_fsb = xfs_iomap_end_fsb(mp, offset, length);
 881
 882	if (offset + length > XFS_ISIZE(ip))
 883		end_fsb = xfs_iomap_eof_align_last_fsb(ip, end_fsb);
 884	else if (nimaps && imap.br_startblock == HOLESTARTBLOCK)
 885		end_fsb = min(end_fsb, imap.br_startoff + imap.br_blockcount);
 886	xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
 887
 888	error = xfs_iomap_write_direct(ip, offset_fsb, end_fsb - offset_fsb,
 889			flags, &imap, &seq);
 890	if (error)
 891		return error;
 892
 893	trace_xfs_iomap_alloc(ip, offset, length, XFS_DATA_FORK, &imap);
 894	return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &imap, flags,
 895				 iomap_flags | IOMAP_F_NEW, seq);
 896
 897out_found_cow:
 898	length = XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, cmap.br_startoff + cmap.br_blockcount);
 899	trace_xfs_iomap_found(ip, offset, length - offset, XFS_COW_FORK, &cmap);
 900	if (imap.br_startblock != HOLESTARTBLOCK) {
 901		seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, 0);
 902		error = xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, srcmap, &imap, flags, 0, seq);
 903		if (error)
 904			goto out_unlock;
 905	}
 906	seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, IOMAP_F_SHARED);
 907	xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
 908	return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &cmap, flags, IOMAP_F_SHARED, seq);
 909
 910out_unlock:
 911	if (lockmode)
 912		xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
 913	return error;
 914}
 915
 916const struct iomap_ops xfs_direct_write_iomap_ops = {
 917	.iomap_begin		= xfs_direct_write_iomap_begin,
 918};
 919
 920static int
 921xfs_dax_write_iomap_end(
 922	struct inode		*inode,
 923	loff_t			pos,
 924	loff_t			length,
 925	ssize_t			written,
 926	unsigned		flags,
 927	struct iomap		*iomap)
 928{
 929	struct xfs_inode	*ip = XFS_I(inode);
 930
 931	if (!xfs_is_cow_inode(ip))
 932		return 0;
 933
 934	if (!written) {
 935		xfs_reflink_cancel_cow_range(ip, pos, length, true);
 936		return 0;
 937	}
 938
 939	return xfs_reflink_end_cow(ip, pos, written);
 940}
 941
 942const struct iomap_ops xfs_dax_write_iomap_ops = {
 943	.iomap_begin	= xfs_direct_write_iomap_begin,
 944	.iomap_end	= xfs_dax_write_iomap_end,
 945};
 946
 947static int
 948xfs_buffered_write_iomap_begin(
 949	struct inode		*inode,
 950	loff_t			offset,
 951	loff_t			count,
 952	unsigned		flags,
 953	struct iomap		*iomap,
 954	struct iomap		*srcmap)
 955{
 956	struct xfs_inode	*ip = XFS_I(inode);
 957	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
 958	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
 959	xfs_fileoff_t		end_fsb = xfs_iomap_end_fsb(mp, offset, count);
 960	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	imap, cmap;
 961	struct xfs_iext_cursor	icur, ccur;
 962	xfs_fsblock_t		prealloc_blocks = 0;
 963	bool			eof = false, cow_eof = false, shared = false;
 964	int			allocfork = XFS_DATA_FORK;
 965	int			error = 0;
 966	unsigned int		lockmode = XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
 967	u64			seq;
 968
 969	if (xfs_is_shutdown(mp))
 970		return -EIO;
 971
 972	/* we can't use delayed allocations when using extent size hints */
 973	if (xfs_get_extsz_hint(ip))
 974		return xfs_direct_write_iomap_begin(inode, offset, count,
 975				flags, iomap, srcmap);
 976
 977	ASSERT(!XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip));
 978
 979	error = xfs_qm_dqattach(ip);
 980	if (error)
 981		return error;
 982
 983	error = xfs_ilock_for_iomap(ip, flags, &lockmode);
 984	if (error)
 985		return error;
 986
 987	if (XFS_IS_CORRUPT(mp, !xfs_ifork_has_extents(&ip->i_df)) ||
 988	    XFS_TEST_ERROR(false, mp, XFS_ERRTAG_BMAPIFORMAT)) {
 989		error = -EFSCORRUPTED;
 990		goto out_unlock;
 991	}
 992
 993	XFS_STATS_INC(mp, xs_blk_mapw);
 994
 995	error = xfs_iread_extents(NULL, ip, XFS_DATA_FORK);
 996	if (error)
 997		goto out_unlock;
 998
 999	/*
1000	 * Search the data fork first to look up our source mapping.  We
1001	 * always need the data fork map, as we have to return it to the
1002	 * iomap code so that the higher level write code can read data in to
1003	 * perform read-modify-write cycles for unaligned writes.
1004	 */
1005	eof = !xfs_iext_lookup_extent(ip, &ip->i_df, offset_fsb, &icur, &imap);
1006	if (eof)
1007		imap.br_startoff = end_fsb; /* fake hole until the end */
1008
1009	/* We never need to allocate blocks for zeroing a hole. */
1010	if ((flags & IOMAP_ZERO) && imap.br_startoff > offset_fsb) {
1011		xfs_hole_to_iomap(ip, iomap, offset_fsb, imap.br_startoff);
1012		goto out_unlock;
1013	}
1014
1015	/*
1016	 * Search the COW fork extent list even if we did not find a data fork
1017	 * extent.  This serves two purposes: first this implements the
1018	 * speculative preallocation using cowextsize, so that we also unshare
1019	 * block adjacent to shared blocks instead of just the shared blocks
1020	 * themselves.  Second the lookup in the extent list is generally faster
1021	 * than going out to the shared extent tree.
1022	 */
1023	if (xfs_is_cow_inode(ip)) {
1024		if (!ip->i_cowfp) {
1025			ASSERT(!xfs_is_reflink_inode(ip));
1026			xfs_ifork_init_cow(ip);
1027		}
1028		cow_eof = !xfs_iext_lookup_extent(ip, ip->i_cowfp, offset_fsb,
1029				&ccur, &cmap);
1030		if (!cow_eof && cmap.br_startoff <= offset_fsb) {
1031			trace_xfs_reflink_cow_found(ip, &cmap);
1032			goto found_cow;
1033		}
1034	}
1035
1036	if (imap.br_startoff <= offset_fsb) {
1037		/*
1038		 * For reflink files we may need a delalloc reservation when
1039		 * overwriting shared extents.   This includes zeroing of
1040		 * existing extents that contain data.
1041		 */
1042		if (!xfs_is_cow_inode(ip) ||
1043		    ((flags & IOMAP_ZERO) && imap.br_state != XFS_EXT_NORM)) {
1044			trace_xfs_iomap_found(ip, offset, count, XFS_DATA_FORK,
1045					&imap);
1046			goto found_imap;
1047		}
1048
1049		xfs_trim_extent(&imap, offset_fsb, end_fsb - offset_fsb);
1050
1051		/* Trim the mapping to the nearest shared extent boundary. */
1052		error = xfs_bmap_trim_cow(ip, &imap, &shared);
1053		if (error)
1054			goto out_unlock;
1055
1056		/* Not shared?  Just report the (potentially capped) extent. */
1057		if (!shared) {
1058			trace_xfs_iomap_found(ip, offset, count, XFS_DATA_FORK,
1059					&imap);
1060			goto found_imap;
1061		}
1062
1063		/*
1064		 * Fork all the shared blocks from our write offset until the
1065		 * end of the extent.
1066		 */
1067		allocfork = XFS_COW_FORK;
1068		end_fsb = imap.br_startoff + imap.br_blockcount;
1069	} else {
1070		/*
1071		 * We cap the maximum length we map here to MAX_WRITEBACK_PAGES
1072		 * pages to keep the chunks of work done where somewhat
1073		 * symmetric with the work writeback does.  This is a completely
1074		 * arbitrary number pulled out of thin air.
1075		 *
1076		 * Note that the values needs to be less than 32-bits wide until
1077		 * the lower level functions are updated.
1078		 */
1079		count = min_t(loff_t, count, 1024 * PAGE_SIZE);
1080		end_fsb = xfs_iomap_end_fsb(mp, offset, count);
1081
1082		if (xfs_is_always_cow_inode(ip))
1083			allocfork = XFS_COW_FORK;
1084	}
1085
1086	if (eof && offset + count > XFS_ISIZE(ip)) {
1087		/*
1088		 * Determine the initial size of the preallocation.
1089		 * We clean up any extra preallocation when the file is closed.
1090		 */
1091		if (xfs_has_allocsize(mp))
1092			prealloc_blocks = mp->m_allocsize_blocks;
1093		else
1094			prealloc_blocks = xfs_iomap_prealloc_size(ip, allocfork,
1095						offset, count, &icur);
1096		if (prealloc_blocks) {
1097			xfs_extlen_t	align;
1098			xfs_off_t	end_offset;
1099			xfs_fileoff_t	p_end_fsb;
1100
1101			end_offset = XFS_ALLOC_ALIGN(mp, offset + count - 1);
1102			p_end_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, end_offset) +
1103					prealloc_blocks;
1104
1105			align = xfs_eof_alignment(ip);
1106			if (align)
1107				p_end_fsb = roundup_64(p_end_fsb, align);
1108
1109			p_end_fsb = min(p_end_fsb,
1110				XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, mp->m_super->s_maxbytes));
1111			ASSERT(p_end_fsb > offset_fsb);
1112			prealloc_blocks = p_end_fsb - end_fsb;
1113		}
1114	}
1115
1116retry:
1117	error = xfs_bmapi_reserve_delalloc(ip, allocfork, offset_fsb,
1118			end_fsb - offset_fsb, prealloc_blocks,
1119			allocfork == XFS_DATA_FORK ? &imap : &cmap,
1120			allocfork == XFS_DATA_FORK ? &icur : &ccur,
1121			allocfork == XFS_DATA_FORK ? eof : cow_eof);
1122	switch (error) {
1123	case 0:
1124		break;
1125	case -ENOSPC:
1126	case -EDQUOT:
1127		/* retry without any preallocation */
1128		trace_xfs_delalloc_enospc(ip, offset, count);
1129		if (prealloc_blocks) {
1130			prealloc_blocks = 0;
1131			goto retry;
1132		}
1133		fallthrough;
1134	default:
1135		goto out_unlock;
1136	}
1137
1138	if (allocfork == XFS_COW_FORK) {
1139		trace_xfs_iomap_alloc(ip, offset, count, allocfork, &cmap);
1140		goto found_cow;
1141	}
1142
1143	/*
1144	 * Flag newly allocated delalloc blocks with IOMAP_F_NEW so we punch
1145	 * them out if the write happens to fail.
1146	 */
1147	seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, IOMAP_F_NEW);
1148	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
1149	trace_xfs_iomap_alloc(ip, offset, count, allocfork, &imap);
1150	return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &imap, flags, IOMAP_F_NEW, seq);
1151
1152found_imap:
1153	seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, 0);
1154	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
1155	return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &imap, flags, 0, seq);
1156
1157found_cow:
1158	seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, 0);
1159	if (imap.br_startoff <= offset_fsb) {
1160		error = xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, srcmap, &imap, flags, 0, seq);
1161		if (error)
1162			goto out_unlock;
1163		seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, IOMAP_F_SHARED);
1164		xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
1165		return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &cmap, flags,
1166					 IOMAP_F_SHARED, seq);
1167	}
1168
1169	xfs_trim_extent(&cmap, offset_fsb, imap.br_startoff - offset_fsb);
1170	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
1171	return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &cmap, flags, 0, seq);
1172
1173out_unlock:
1174	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
1175	return error;
1176}
1177
1178static int
1179xfs_buffered_write_delalloc_punch(
1180	struct inode		*inode,
1181	loff_t			offset,
1182	loff_t			length)
1183{
1184	return xfs_bmap_punch_delalloc_range(XFS_I(inode), offset,
1185			offset + length);
1186}
1187
1188static int
1189xfs_buffered_write_iomap_end(
1190	struct inode		*inode,
1191	loff_t			offset,
1192	loff_t			length,
1193	ssize_t			written,
1194	unsigned		flags,
1195	struct iomap		*iomap)
1196{
1197
1198	struct xfs_mount	*mp = XFS_M(inode->i_sb);
1199	int			error;
1200
1201	error = iomap_file_buffered_write_punch_delalloc(inode, iomap, offset,
1202			length, written, &xfs_buffered_write_delalloc_punch);
1203	if (error && !xfs_is_shutdown(mp)) {
1204		xfs_alert(mp, "%s: unable to clean up ino 0x%llx",
1205			__func__, XFS_I(inode)->i_ino);
1206		return error;
1207	}
1208	return 0;
1209}
1210
1211const struct iomap_ops xfs_buffered_write_iomap_ops = {
1212	.iomap_begin		= xfs_buffered_write_iomap_begin,
1213	.iomap_end		= xfs_buffered_write_iomap_end,
1214};
1215
1216/*
1217 * iomap_page_mkwrite() will never fail in a way that requires delalloc extents
1218 * that it allocated to be revoked. Hence we do not need an .iomap_end method
1219 * for this operation.
1220 */
1221const struct iomap_ops xfs_page_mkwrite_iomap_ops = {
1222	.iomap_begin		= xfs_buffered_write_iomap_begin,
1223};
1224
1225static int
1226xfs_read_iomap_begin(
1227	struct inode		*inode,
1228	loff_t			offset,
1229	loff_t			length,
1230	unsigned		flags,
1231	struct iomap		*iomap,
1232	struct iomap		*srcmap)
1233{
1234	struct xfs_inode	*ip = XFS_I(inode);
1235	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
1236	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	imap;
1237	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
1238	xfs_fileoff_t		end_fsb = xfs_iomap_end_fsb(mp, offset, length);
1239	int			nimaps = 1, error = 0;
1240	bool			shared = false;
1241	unsigned int		lockmode = XFS_ILOCK_SHARED;
1242	u64			seq;
1243
1244	ASSERT(!(flags & (IOMAP_WRITE | IOMAP_ZERO)));
1245
1246	if (xfs_is_shutdown(mp))
1247		return -EIO;
1248
1249	error = xfs_ilock_for_iomap(ip, flags, &lockmode);
1250	if (error)
1251		return error;
1252	error = xfs_bmapi_read(ip, offset_fsb, end_fsb - offset_fsb, &imap,
1253			       &nimaps, 0);
1254	if (!error && ((flags & IOMAP_REPORT) || IS_DAX(inode)))
1255		error = xfs_reflink_trim_around_shared(ip, &imap, &shared);
1256	seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, shared ? IOMAP_F_SHARED : 0);
1257	xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
1258
1259	if (error)
1260		return error;
1261	trace_xfs_iomap_found(ip, offset, length, XFS_DATA_FORK, &imap);
1262	return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &imap, flags,
1263				 shared ? IOMAP_F_SHARED : 0, seq);
1264}
1265
1266const struct iomap_ops xfs_read_iomap_ops = {
1267	.iomap_begin		= xfs_read_iomap_begin,
1268};
1269
1270static int
1271xfs_seek_iomap_begin(
1272	struct inode		*inode,
1273	loff_t			offset,
1274	loff_t			length,
1275	unsigned		flags,
1276	struct iomap		*iomap,
1277	struct iomap		*srcmap)
1278{
1279	struct xfs_inode	*ip = XFS_I(inode);
1280	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
1281	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
1282	xfs_fileoff_t		end_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, offset + length);
1283	xfs_fileoff_t		cow_fsb = NULLFILEOFF, data_fsb = NULLFILEOFF;
1284	struct xfs_iext_cursor	icur;
1285	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	imap, cmap;
1286	int			error = 0;
1287	unsigned		lockmode;
1288	u64			seq;
1289
1290	if (xfs_is_shutdown(mp))
1291		return -EIO;
1292
1293	lockmode = xfs_ilock_data_map_shared(ip);
1294	error = xfs_iread_extents(NULL, ip, XFS_DATA_FORK);
1295	if (error)
1296		goto out_unlock;
1297
1298	if (xfs_iext_lookup_extent(ip, &ip->i_df, offset_fsb, &icur, &imap)) {
1299		/*
1300		 * If we found a data extent we are done.
1301		 */
1302		if (imap.br_startoff <= offset_fsb)
1303			goto done;
1304		data_fsb = imap.br_startoff;
1305	} else {
1306		/*
1307		 * Fake a hole until the end of the file.
1308		 */
1309		data_fsb = xfs_iomap_end_fsb(mp, offset, length);
1310	}
1311
1312	/*
1313	 * If a COW fork extent covers the hole, report it - capped to the next
1314	 * data fork extent:
1315	 */
1316	if (xfs_inode_has_cow_data(ip) &&
1317	    xfs_iext_lookup_extent(ip, ip->i_cowfp, offset_fsb, &icur, &cmap))
1318		cow_fsb = cmap.br_startoff;
1319	if (cow_fsb != NULLFILEOFF && cow_fsb <= offset_fsb) {
1320		if (data_fsb < cow_fsb + cmap.br_blockcount)
1321			end_fsb = min(end_fsb, data_fsb);
1322		xfs_trim_extent(&cmap, offset_fsb, end_fsb);
1323		seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, IOMAP_F_SHARED);
1324		error = xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &cmap, flags,
1325				IOMAP_F_SHARED, seq);
1326		/*
1327		 * This is a COW extent, so we must probe the page cache
1328		 * because there could be dirty page cache being backed
1329		 * by this extent.
1330		 */
1331		iomap->type = IOMAP_UNWRITTEN;
1332		goto out_unlock;
1333	}
1334
1335	/*
1336	 * Else report a hole, capped to the next found data or COW extent.
1337	 */
1338	if (cow_fsb != NULLFILEOFF && cow_fsb < data_fsb)
1339		imap.br_blockcount = cow_fsb - offset_fsb;
1340	else
1341		imap.br_blockcount = data_fsb - offset_fsb;
1342	imap.br_startoff = offset_fsb;
1343	imap.br_startblock = HOLESTARTBLOCK;
1344	imap.br_state = XFS_EXT_NORM;
1345done:
1346	seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, 0);
1347	xfs_trim_extent(&imap, offset_fsb, end_fsb);
1348	error = xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &imap, flags, 0, seq);
1349out_unlock:
1350	xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
1351	return error;
1352}
1353
1354const struct iomap_ops xfs_seek_iomap_ops = {
1355	.iomap_begin		= xfs_seek_iomap_begin,
1356};
1357
1358static int
1359xfs_xattr_iomap_begin(
1360	struct inode		*inode,
1361	loff_t			offset,
1362	loff_t			length,
1363	unsigned		flags,
1364	struct iomap		*iomap,
1365	struct iomap		*srcmap)
1366{
1367	struct xfs_inode	*ip = XFS_I(inode);
1368	struct xfs_mount	*mp = ip->i_mount;
1369	xfs_fileoff_t		offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
1370	xfs_fileoff_t		end_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, offset + length);
1371	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	imap;
1372	int			nimaps = 1, error = 0;
1373	unsigned		lockmode;
1374	int			seq;
1375
1376	if (xfs_is_shutdown(mp))
1377		return -EIO;
1378
1379	lockmode = xfs_ilock_attr_map_shared(ip);
1380
1381	/* if there are no attribute fork or extents, return ENOENT */
1382	if (!xfs_inode_has_attr_fork(ip) || !ip->i_af.if_nextents) {
1383		error = -ENOENT;
1384		goto out_unlock;
1385	}
1386
1387	ASSERT(ip->i_af.if_format != XFS_DINODE_FMT_LOCAL);
1388	error = xfs_bmapi_read(ip, offset_fsb, end_fsb - offset_fsb, &imap,
1389			       &nimaps, XFS_BMAPI_ATTRFORK);
1390out_unlock:
1391
1392	seq = xfs_iomap_inode_sequence(ip, IOMAP_F_XATTR);
1393	xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
1394
1395	if (error)
1396		return error;
1397	ASSERT(nimaps);
1398	return xfs_bmbt_to_iomap(ip, iomap, &imap, flags, IOMAP_F_XATTR, seq);
1399}
1400
1401const struct iomap_ops xfs_xattr_iomap_ops = {
1402	.iomap_begin		= xfs_xattr_iomap_begin,
1403};
1404
1405int
1406xfs_zero_range(
1407	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
1408	loff_t			pos,
1409	loff_t			len,
1410	bool			*did_zero)
1411{
1412	struct inode		*inode = VFS_I(ip);
1413
1414	if (IS_DAX(inode))
1415		return dax_zero_range(inode, pos, len, did_zero,
1416				      &xfs_dax_write_iomap_ops);
1417	return iomap_zero_range(inode, pos, len, did_zero,
1418				&xfs_buffered_write_iomap_ops);
1419}
1420
1421int
1422xfs_truncate_page(
1423	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
1424	loff_t			pos,
1425	bool			*did_zero)
1426{
1427	struct inode		*inode = VFS_I(ip);
1428
1429	if (IS_DAX(inode))
1430		return dax_truncate_page(inode, pos, did_zero,
1431					&xfs_dax_write_iomap_ops);
1432	return iomap_truncate_page(inode, pos, did_zero,
1433				   &xfs_buffered_write_iomap_ops);
1434}
v4.6
 
  1/*
  2 * Copyright (c) 2000-2006 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
 
  3 * All Rights Reserved.
  4 *
  5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  6 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
  7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  8 *
  9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it would be useful,
 10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 13 *
 14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 15 * along with this program; if not, write the Free Software Foundation,
 16 * Inc.,  51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
 17 */
 18#include "xfs.h"
 19#include "xfs_fs.h"
 20#include "xfs_shared.h"
 21#include "xfs_format.h"
 22#include "xfs_log_format.h"
 23#include "xfs_trans_resv.h"
 24#include "xfs_mount.h"
 25#include "xfs_inode.h"
 26#include "xfs_btree.h"
 27#include "xfs_bmap_btree.h"
 28#include "xfs_bmap.h"
 29#include "xfs_bmap_util.h"
 
 30#include "xfs_error.h"
 31#include "xfs_trans.h"
 32#include "xfs_trans_space.h"
 
 33#include "xfs_iomap.h"
 34#include "xfs_trace.h"
 35#include "xfs_icache.h"
 36#include "xfs_quota.h"
 37#include "xfs_dquot_item.h"
 38#include "xfs_dquot.h"
 
 39
 
 
 40
 41#define XFS_WRITEIO_ALIGN(mp,off)	(((off) >> mp->m_writeio_log) \
 42						<< mp->m_writeio_log)
 43#define XFS_WRITE_IMAPS		XFS_BMAP_MAX_NMAP
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 44
 45STATIC int
 46xfs_iomap_eof_align_last_fsb(
 47	xfs_mount_t	*mp,
 48	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
 49	xfs_extlen_t	extsize,
 50	xfs_fileoff_t	*last_fsb)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 51{
 52	xfs_extlen_t	align = 0;
 53	int		eof, error;
 54
 55	if (!XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip)) {
 56		/*
 57		 * Round up the allocation request to a stripe unit
 58		 * (m_dalign) boundary if the file size is >= stripe unit
 59		 * size, and we are allocating past the allocation eof.
 60		 *
 61		 * If mounted with the "-o swalloc" option the alignment is
 62		 * increased from the strip unit size to the stripe width.
 63		 */
 64		if (mp->m_swidth && (mp->m_flags & XFS_MOUNT_SWALLOC))
 65			align = mp->m_swidth;
 66		else if (mp->m_dalign)
 67			align = mp->m_dalign;
 68
 69		if (align && XFS_ISIZE(ip) < XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, align))
 70			align = 0;
 71	}
 72
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 73	/*
 74	 * Always round up the allocation request to an extent boundary
 75	 * (when file on a real-time subvolume or has di_extsize hint).
 76	 */
 77	if (extsize) {
 78		if (align)
 79			align = roundup_64(align, extsize);
 80		else
 81			align = extsize;
 82	}
 83
 84	if (align) {
 85		xfs_fileoff_t	new_last_fsb = roundup_64(*last_fsb, align);
 86		error = xfs_bmap_eof(ip, new_last_fsb, XFS_DATA_FORK, &eof);
 87		if (error)
 88			return error;
 89		if (eof)
 90			*last_fsb = new_last_fsb;
 91	}
 92	return 0;
 93}
 94
 95STATIC int
 96xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(
 97	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
 98	xfs_bmbt_irec_t	*imap)
 99{
100	xfs_alert_tag(ip->i_mount, XFS_PTAG_FSBLOCK_ZERO,
101			"Access to block zero in inode %llu "
102			"start_block: %llx start_off: %llx "
103			"blkcnt: %llx extent-state: %x",
104		(unsigned long long)ip->i_ino,
105		(unsigned long long)imap->br_startblock,
106		(unsigned long long)imap->br_startoff,
107		(unsigned long long)imap->br_blockcount,
108		imap->br_state);
109	return -EFSCORRUPTED;
110}
111
112int
113xfs_iomap_write_direct(
114	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
115	xfs_off_t	offset,
116	size_t		count,
117	xfs_bmbt_irec_t *imap,
118	int		nmaps)
 
119{
120	xfs_mount_t	*mp = ip->i_mount;
121	xfs_fileoff_t	offset_fsb;
122	xfs_fileoff_t	last_fsb;
123	xfs_filblks_t	count_fsb, resaligned;
124	xfs_fsblock_t	firstfsb;
125	xfs_extlen_t	extsz, temp;
126	int		nimaps;
127	int		quota_flag;
128	int		rt;
129	xfs_trans_t	*tp;
130	xfs_bmap_free_t free_list;
131	uint		qblocks, resblks, resrtextents;
132	int		error;
133	int		lockmode;
134	int		bmapi_flags = XFS_BMAPI_PREALLOC;
135
136	rt = XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip);
137	extsz = xfs_get_extsz_hint(ip);
138	lockmode = XFS_ILOCK_SHARED;	/* locked by caller */
139
140	ASSERT(xfs_isilocked(ip, lockmode));
141
142	offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
143	last_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, ((xfs_ufsize_t)(offset + count)));
144	if ((offset + count) > XFS_ISIZE(ip)) {
145		/*
146		 * Assert that the in-core extent list is present since this can
147		 * call xfs_iread_extents() and we only have the ilock shared.
148		 * This should be safe because the lock was held around a bmapi
149		 * call in the caller and we only need it to access the in-core
150		 * list.
151		 */
152		ASSERT(XFS_IFORK_PTR(ip, XFS_DATA_FORK)->if_flags &
153								XFS_IFEXTENTS);
154		error = xfs_iomap_eof_align_last_fsb(mp, ip, extsz, &last_fsb);
155		if (error)
156			goto out_unlock;
157	} else {
158		if (nmaps && (imap->br_startblock == HOLESTARTBLOCK))
159			last_fsb = MIN(last_fsb, (xfs_fileoff_t)
160					imap->br_blockcount +
161					imap->br_startoff);
162	}
163	count_fsb = last_fsb - offset_fsb;
164	ASSERT(count_fsb > 0);
165
166	resaligned = count_fsb;
167	if (unlikely(extsz)) {
168		if ((temp = do_mod(offset_fsb, extsz)))
169			resaligned += temp;
170		if ((temp = do_mod(resaligned, extsz)))
171			resaligned += extsz - temp;
172	}
173
174	if (unlikely(rt)) {
175		resrtextents = qblocks = resaligned;
176		resrtextents /= mp->m_sb.sb_rextsize;
177		resblks = XFS_DIOSTRAT_SPACE_RES(mp, 0);
178		quota_flag = XFS_QMOPT_RES_RTBLKS;
179	} else {
180		resrtextents = 0;
181		resblks = qblocks = XFS_DIOSTRAT_SPACE_RES(mp, resaligned);
182		quota_flag = XFS_QMOPT_RES_REGBLKS;
183	}
184
185	/*
186	 * Drop the shared lock acquired by the caller, attach the dquot if
187	 * necessary and move on to transaction setup.
188	 */
189	xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
190	error = xfs_qm_dqattach(ip, 0);
191	if (error)
192		return error;
193
194	/*
195	 * Allocate and setup the transaction
196	 */
197	tp = xfs_trans_alloc(mp, XFS_TRANS_DIOSTRAT);
198
199	/*
200	 * For DAX, we do not allocate unwritten extents, but instead we zero
201	 * the block before we commit the transaction.  Ideally we'd like to do
202	 * this outside the transaction context, but if we commit and then crash
203	 * we may not have zeroed the blocks and this will be exposed on
204	 * recovery of the allocation. Hence we must zero before commit.
205	 *
206	 * Further, if we are mapping unwritten extents here, we need to zero
207	 * and convert them to written so that we don't need an unwritten extent
208	 * callback for DAX. This also means that we need to be able to dip into
209	 * the reserve block pool for bmbt block allocation if there is no space
210	 * left but we need to do unwritten extent conversion.
211	 */
212
213	if (IS_DAX(VFS_I(ip))) {
214		bmapi_flags = XFS_BMAPI_CONVERT | XFS_BMAPI_ZERO;
215		if (ISUNWRITTEN(imap)) {
216			tp->t_flags |= XFS_TRANS_RESERVE;
217			resblks = XFS_DIOSTRAT_SPACE_RES(mp, 0) << 1;
 
218		}
219	}
220	error = xfs_trans_reserve(tp, &M_RES(mp)->tr_write,
221				  resblks, resrtextents);
222	/*
223	 * Check for running out of space, note: need lock to return
224	 */
225	if (error) {
226		xfs_trans_cancel(tp);
227		return error;
228	}
229
230	lockmode = XFS_ILOCK_EXCL;
231	xfs_ilock(ip, lockmode);
232
233	error = xfs_trans_reserve_quota_nblks(tp, ip, qblocks, 0, quota_flag);
234	if (error)
235		goto out_trans_cancel;
236
237	xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, 0);
238
239	/*
240	 * From this point onwards we overwrite the imap pointer that the
241	 * caller gave to us.
242	 */
243	xfs_bmap_init(&free_list, &firstfsb);
244	nimaps = 1;
245	error = xfs_bmapi_write(tp, ip, offset_fsb, count_fsb,
246				bmapi_flags, &firstfsb, resblks, imap,
247				&nimaps, &free_list);
248	if (error)
249		goto out_bmap_cancel;
250
251	/*
252	 * Complete the transaction
253	 */
254	error = xfs_bmap_finish(&tp, &free_list, NULL);
255	if (error)
256		goto out_bmap_cancel;
257
258	error = xfs_trans_commit(tp);
259	if (error)
260		goto out_unlock;
261
262	/*
263	 * Copy any maps to caller's array and return any error.
264	 */
265	if (nimaps == 0) {
266		error = -ENOSPC;
267		goto out_unlock;
268	}
269
270	if (!(imap->br_startblock || XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip)))
271		error = xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(ip, imap);
272
273out_unlock:
274	xfs_iunlock(ip, lockmode);
 
275	return error;
276
277out_bmap_cancel:
278	xfs_bmap_cancel(&free_list);
279	xfs_trans_unreserve_quota_nblks(tp, ip, (long)qblocks, 0, quota_flag);
280out_trans_cancel:
281	xfs_trans_cancel(tp);
282	goto out_unlock;
283}
284
285/*
286 * If the caller is doing a write at the end of the file, then extend the
287 * allocation out to the file system's write iosize.  We clean up any extra
288 * space left over when the file is closed in xfs_inactive().
289 *
290 * If we find we already have delalloc preallocation beyond EOF, don't do more
291 * preallocation as it it not needed.
292 */
293STATIC int
294xfs_iomap_eof_want_preallocate(
295	xfs_mount_t	*mp,
296	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
297	xfs_off_t	offset,
298	size_t		count,
299	xfs_bmbt_irec_t *imap,
300	int		nimaps,
301	int		*prealloc)
302{
303	xfs_fileoff_t   start_fsb;
304	xfs_filblks_t   count_fsb;
305	int		n, error, imaps;
306	int		found_delalloc = 0;
307
308	*prealloc = 0;
309	if (offset + count <= XFS_ISIZE(ip))
310		return 0;
311
312	/*
313	 * If the file is smaller than the minimum prealloc and we are using
314	 * dynamic preallocation, don't do any preallocation at all as it is
315	 * likely this is the only write to the file that is going to be done.
316	 */
317	if (!(mp->m_flags & XFS_MOUNT_DFLT_IOSIZE) &&
318	    XFS_ISIZE(ip) < XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, mp->m_writeio_blocks))
319		return 0;
320
321	/*
322	 * If there are any real blocks past eof, then don't
323	 * do any speculative allocation.
324	 */
325	start_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, ((xfs_ufsize_t)(offset + count - 1)));
326	count_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, mp->m_super->s_maxbytes);
327	while (count_fsb > 0) {
328		imaps = nimaps;
329		error = xfs_bmapi_read(ip, start_fsb, count_fsb, imap, &imaps,
330				       0);
331		if (error)
332			return error;
333		for (n = 0; n < imaps; n++) {
334			if ((imap[n].br_startblock != HOLESTARTBLOCK) &&
335			    (imap[n].br_startblock != DELAYSTARTBLOCK))
336				return 0;
337			start_fsb += imap[n].br_blockcount;
338			count_fsb -= imap[n].br_blockcount;
339
340			if (imap[n].br_startblock == DELAYSTARTBLOCK)
341				found_delalloc = 1;
342		}
343	}
344	if (!found_delalloc)
345		*prealloc = 1;
346	return 0;
347}
348
349/*
350 * Determine the initial size of the preallocation. We are beyond the current
351 * EOF here, but we need to take into account whether this is a sparse write or
352 * an extending write when determining the preallocation size.  Hence we need to
353 * look up the extent that ends at the current write offset and use the result
354 * to determine the preallocation size.
355 *
356 * If the extent is a hole, then preallocation is essentially disabled.
357 * Otherwise we take the size of the preceeding data extent as the basis for the
358 * preallocation size. If the size of the extent is greater than half the
359 * maximum extent length, then use the current offset as the basis. This ensures
360 * that for large files the preallocation size always extends to MAXEXTLEN
361 * rather than falling short due to things like stripe unit/width alignment of
362 * real extents.
363 */
364STATIC xfs_fsblock_t
365xfs_iomap_eof_prealloc_initial_size(
366	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
367	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
368	xfs_off_t		offset,
369	xfs_bmbt_irec_t		*imap,
370	int			nimaps)
371{
372	xfs_fileoff_t   start_fsb;
373	int		imaps = 1;
374	int		error;
375
376	ASSERT(nimaps >= imaps);
377
378	/* if we are using a specific prealloc size, return now */
379	if (mp->m_flags & XFS_MOUNT_DFLT_IOSIZE)
380		return 0;
381
382	/* If the file is small, then use the minimum prealloc */
383	if (XFS_ISIZE(ip) < XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, mp->m_dalign))
384		return 0;
385
386	/*
387	 * As we write multiple pages, the offset will always align to the
388	 * start of a page and hence point to a hole at EOF. i.e. if the size is
389	 * 4096 bytes, we only have one block at FSB 0, but XFS_B_TO_FSB(4096)
390	 * will return FSB 1. Hence if there are blocks in the file, we want to
391	 * point to the block prior to the EOF block and not the hole that maps
392	 * directly at @offset.
393	 */
394	start_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, offset);
395	if (start_fsb)
396		start_fsb--;
397	error = xfs_bmapi_read(ip, start_fsb, 1, imap, &imaps, XFS_BMAPI_ENTIRE);
398	if (error)
399		return 0;
400
401	ASSERT(imaps == 1);
402	if (imap[0].br_startblock == HOLESTARTBLOCK)
403		return 0;
404	if (imap[0].br_blockcount <= (MAXEXTLEN >> 1))
405		return imap[0].br_blockcount << 1;
406	return XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, offset);
407}
408
409STATIC bool
410xfs_quota_need_throttle(
411	struct xfs_inode *ip,
412	int type,
413	xfs_fsblock_t alloc_blocks)
414{
415	struct xfs_dquot *dq = xfs_inode_dquot(ip, type);
416
417	if (!dq || !xfs_this_quota_on(ip->i_mount, type))
418		return false;
419
420	/* no hi watermark, no throttle */
421	if (!dq->q_prealloc_hi_wmark)
422		return false;
423
424	/* under the lo watermark, no throttle */
425	if (dq->q_res_bcount + alloc_blocks < dq->q_prealloc_lo_wmark)
426		return false;
427
428	return true;
429}
430
431STATIC void
432xfs_quota_calc_throttle(
433	struct xfs_inode *ip,
434	int type,
435	xfs_fsblock_t *qblocks,
436	int *qshift,
437	int64_t	*qfreesp)
438{
439	int64_t freesp;
440	int shift = 0;
441	struct xfs_dquot *dq = xfs_inode_dquot(ip, type);
442
443	/* no dq, or over hi wmark, squash the prealloc completely */
444	if (!dq || dq->q_res_bcount >= dq->q_prealloc_hi_wmark) {
445		*qblocks = 0;
446		*qfreesp = 0;
447		return;
448	}
449
450	freesp = dq->q_prealloc_hi_wmark - dq->q_res_bcount;
451	if (freesp < dq->q_low_space[XFS_QLOWSP_5_PCNT]) {
452		shift = 2;
453		if (freesp < dq->q_low_space[XFS_QLOWSP_3_PCNT])
454			shift += 2;
455		if (freesp < dq->q_low_space[XFS_QLOWSP_1_PCNT])
456			shift += 2;
457	}
458
459	if (freesp < *qfreesp)
460		*qfreesp = freesp;
461
462	/* only overwrite the throttle values if we are more aggressive */
463	if ((freesp >> shift) < (*qblocks >> *qshift)) {
464		*qblocks = freesp;
465		*qshift = shift;
466	}
467}
468
469/*
470 * If we don't have a user specified preallocation size, dynamically increase
471 * the preallocation size as the size of the file grows. Cap the maximum size
472 * at a single extent or less if the filesystem is near full. The closer the
473 * filesystem is to full, the smaller the maximum prealocation.
474 */
475STATIC xfs_fsblock_t
476xfs_iomap_prealloc_size(
477	struct xfs_mount	*mp,
478	struct xfs_inode	*ip,
479	xfs_off_t		offset,
480	struct xfs_bmbt_irec	*imap,
481	int			nimaps)
 
482{
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
483	xfs_fsblock_t		alloc_blocks = 0;
 
484	int			shift = 0;
485	int64_t			freesp;
486	xfs_fsblock_t		qblocks;
487	int			qshift = 0;
488
489	alloc_blocks = xfs_iomap_eof_prealloc_initial_size(mp, ip, offset,
490							   imap, nimaps);
491	if (!alloc_blocks)
492		goto check_writeio;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
493	qblocks = alloc_blocks;
494
495	/*
496	 * MAXEXTLEN is not a power of two value but we round the prealloc down
497	 * to the nearest power of two value after throttling. To prevent the
498	 * round down from unconditionally reducing the maximum supported prealloc
499	 * size, we round up first, apply appropriate throttling, round down and
500	 * cap the value to MAXEXTLEN.
501	 */
502	alloc_blocks = XFS_FILEOFF_MIN(roundup_pow_of_two(MAXEXTLEN),
503				       alloc_blocks);
504
505	freesp = percpu_counter_read_positive(&mp->m_fdblocks);
506	if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_5_PCNT]) {
507		shift = 2;
508		if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_4_PCNT])
509			shift++;
510		if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_3_PCNT])
511			shift++;
512		if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_2_PCNT])
513			shift++;
514		if (freesp < mp->m_low_space[XFS_LOWSP_1_PCNT])
515			shift++;
516	}
517
518	/*
519	 * Check each quota to cap the prealloc size, provide a shift value to
520	 * throttle with and adjust amount of available space.
521	 */
522	if (xfs_quota_need_throttle(ip, XFS_DQ_USER, alloc_blocks))
523		xfs_quota_calc_throttle(ip, XFS_DQ_USER, &qblocks, &qshift,
524					&freesp);
525	if (xfs_quota_need_throttle(ip, XFS_DQ_GROUP, alloc_blocks))
526		xfs_quota_calc_throttle(ip, XFS_DQ_GROUP, &qblocks, &qshift,
527					&freesp);
528	if (xfs_quota_need_throttle(ip, XFS_DQ_PROJ, alloc_blocks))
529		xfs_quota_calc_throttle(ip, XFS_DQ_PROJ, &qblocks, &qshift,
530					&freesp);
531
532	/*
533	 * The final prealloc size is set to the minimum of free space available
534	 * in each of the quotas and the overall filesystem.
535	 *
536	 * The shift throttle value is set to the maximum value as determined by
537	 * the global low free space values and per-quota low free space values.
538	 */
539	alloc_blocks = MIN(alloc_blocks, qblocks);
540	shift = MAX(shift, qshift);
541
542	if (shift)
543		alloc_blocks >>= shift;
544	/*
545	 * rounddown_pow_of_two() returns an undefined result if we pass in
546	 * alloc_blocks = 0.
547	 */
548	if (alloc_blocks)
549		alloc_blocks = rounddown_pow_of_two(alloc_blocks);
550	if (alloc_blocks > MAXEXTLEN)
551		alloc_blocks = MAXEXTLEN;
552
553	/*
554	 * If we are still trying to allocate more space than is
555	 * available, squash the prealloc hard. This can happen if we
556	 * have a large file on a small filesystem and the above
557	 * lowspace thresholds are smaller than MAXEXTLEN.
558	 */
559	while (alloc_blocks && alloc_blocks >= freesp)
560		alloc_blocks >>= 4;
561
562check_writeio:
563	if (alloc_blocks < mp->m_writeio_blocks)
564		alloc_blocks = mp->m_writeio_blocks;
565
566	trace_xfs_iomap_prealloc_size(ip, alloc_blocks, shift,
567				      mp->m_writeio_blocks);
568
569	return alloc_blocks;
570}
571
572int
573xfs_iomap_write_delay(
574	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
575	xfs_off_t	offset,
576	size_t		count,
577	xfs_bmbt_irec_t *ret_imap)
578{
579	xfs_mount_t	*mp = ip->i_mount;
580	xfs_fileoff_t	offset_fsb;
581	xfs_fileoff_t	last_fsb;
582	xfs_off_t	aligned_offset;
583	xfs_fileoff_t	ioalign;
584	xfs_extlen_t	extsz;
585	int		nimaps;
586	xfs_bmbt_irec_t imap[XFS_WRITE_IMAPS];
587	int		prealloc;
588	int		error;
589
590	ASSERT(xfs_isilocked(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL));
591
592	/*
593	 * Make sure that the dquots are there. This doesn't hold
594	 * the ilock across a disk read.
595	 */
596	error = xfs_qm_dqattach_locked(ip, 0);
597	if (error)
598		return error;
599
600	extsz = xfs_get_extsz_hint(ip);
601	offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
602
603	error = xfs_iomap_eof_want_preallocate(mp, ip, offset, count,
604				imap, XFS_WRITE_IMAPS, &prealloc);
605	if (error)
606		return error;
607
608retry:
609	if (prealloc) {
610		xfs_fsblock_t	alloc_blocks;
611
612		alloc_blocks = xfs_iomap_prealloc_size(mp, ip, offset, imap,
613						       XFS_WRITE_IMAPS);
614
615		aligned_offset = XFS_WRITEIO_ALIGN(mp, (offset + count - 1));
616		ioalign = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, aligned_offset);
617		last_fsb = ioalign + alloc_blocks;
618	} else {
619		last_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, ((xfs_ufsize_t)(offset + count)));
620	}
621
622	if (prealloc || extsz) {
623		error = xfs_iomap_eof_align_last_fsb(mp, ip, extsz, &last_fsb);
624		if (error)
625			return error;
626	}
627
628	/*
629	 * Make sure preallocation does not create extents beyond the range we
630	 * actually support in this filesystem.
631	 */
632	if (last_fsb > XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, mp->m_super->s_maxbytes))
633		last_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, mp->m_super->s_maxbytes);
634
635	ASSERT(last_fsb > offset_fsb);
636
637	nimaps = XFS_WRITE_IMAPS;
638	error = xfs_bmapi_delay(ip, offset_fsb, last_fsb - offset_fsb,
639				imap, &nimaps, XFS_BMAPI_ENTIRE);
640	switch (error) {
641	case 0:
642	case -ENOSPC:
643	case -EDQUOT:
644		break;
645	default:
646		return error;
647	}
648
649	/*
650	 * If bmapi returned us nothing, we got either ENOSPC or EDQUOT. Retry
651	 * without EOF preallocation.
652	 */
653	if (nimaps == 0) {
654		trace_xfs_delalloc_enospc(ip, offset, count);
655		if (prealloc) {
656			prealloc = 0;
657			error = 0;
658			goto retry;
659		}
660		return error ? error : -ENOSPC;
661	}
662
663	if (!(imap[0].br_startblock || XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip)))
664		return xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(ip, &imap[0]);
665
666	/*
667	 * Tag the inode as speculatively preallocated so we can reclaim this
668	 * space on demand, if necessary.
669	 */
670	if (prealloc)
671		xfs_inode_set_eofblocks_tag(ip);
672
673	*ret_imap = imap[0];
674	return 0;
675}
676
677/*
678 * Pass in a delayed allocate extent, convert it to real extents;
679 * return to the caller the extent we create which maps on top of
680 * the originating callers request.
681 *
682 * Called without a lock on the inode.
683 *
684 * We no longer bother to look at the incoming map - all we have to
685 * guarantee is that whatever we allocate fills the required range.
686 */
687int
688xfs_iomap_write_allocate(
689	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
690	xfs_off_t	offset,
691	xfs_bmbt_irec_t *imap)
692{
693	xfs_mount_t	*mp = ip->i_mount;
694	xfs_fileoff_t	offset_fsb, last_block;
695	xfs_fileoff_t	end_fsb, map_start_fsb;
696	xfs_fsblock_t	first_block;
697	xfs_bmap_free_t	free_list;
698	xfs_filblks_t	count_fsb;
699	xfs_trans_t	*tp;
700	int		nimaps;
701	int		error = 0;
702	int		nres;
703
704	/*
705	 * Make sure that the dquots are there.
706	 */
707	error = xfs_qm_dqattach(ip, 0);
708	if (error)
709		return error;
710
711	offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
712	count_fsb = imap->br_blockcount;
713	map_start_fsb = imap->br_startoff;
714
715	XFS_STATS_ADD(mp, xs_xstrat_bytes, XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, count_fsb));
716
717	while (count_fsb != 0) {
718		/*
719		 * Set up a transaction with which to allocate the
720		 * backing store for the file.  Do allocations in a
721		 * loop until we get some space in the range we are
722		 * interested in.  The other space that might be allocated
723		 * is in the delayed allocation extent on which we sit
724		 * but before our buffer starts.
725		 */
726
727		nimaps = 0;
728		while (nimaps == 0) {
729			tp = xfs_trans_alloc(mp, XFS_TRANS_STRAT_WRITE);
730			tp->t_flags |= XFS_TRANS_RESERVE;
731			nres = XFS_EXTENTADD_SPACE_RES(mp, XFS_DATA_FORK);
732			error = xfs_trans_reserve(tp, &M_RES(mp)->tr_write,
733						  nres, 0);
734			if (error) {
735				xfs_trans_cancel(tp);
736				return error;
737			}
738			xfs_ilock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
739			xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, 0);
740
741			xfs_bmap_init(&free_list, &first_block);
742
743			/*
744			 * it is possible that the extents have changed since
745			 * we did the read call as we dropped the ilock for a
746			 * while. We have to be careful about truncates or hole
747			 * punchs here - we are not allowed to allocate
748			 * non-delalloc blocks here.
749			 *
750			 * The only protection against truncation is the pages
751			 * for the range we are being asked to convert are
752			 * locked and hence a truncate will block on them
753			 * first.
754			 *
755			 * As a result, if we go beyond the range we really
756			 * need and hit an delalloc extent boundary followed by
757			 * a hole while we have excess blocks in the map, we
758			 * will fill the hole incorrectly and overrun the
759			 * transaction reservation.
760			 *
761			 * Using a single map prevents this as we are forced to
762			 * check each map we look for overlap with the desired
763			 * range and abort as soon as we find it. Also, given
764			 * that we only return a single map, having one beyond
765			 * what we can return is probably a bit silly.
766			 *
767			 * We also need to check that we don't go beyond EOF;
768			 * this is a truncate optimisation as a truncate sets
769			 * the new file size before block on the pages we
770			 * currently have locked under writeback. Because they
771			 * are about to be tossed, we don't need to write them
772			 * back....
773			 */
774			nimaps = 1;
775			end_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, XFS_ISIZE(ip));
776			error = xfs_bmap_last_offset(ip, &last_block,
777							XFS_DATA_FORK);
778			if (error)
779				goto trans_cancel;
780
781			last_block = XFS_FILEOFF_MAX(last_block, end_fsb);
782			if ((map_start_fsb + count_fsb) > last_block) {
783				count_fsb = last_block - map_start_fsb;
784				if (count_fsb == 0) {
785					error = -EAGAIN;
786					goto trans_cancel;
787				}
788			}
789
790			/*
791			 * From this point onwards we overwrite the imap
792			 * pointer that the caller gave to us.
793			 */
794			error = xfs_bmapi_write(tp, ip, map_start_fsb,
795						count_fsb, 0, &first_block,
796						nres, imap, &nimaps,
797						&free_list);
798			if (error)
799				goto trans_cancel;
800
801			error = xfs_bmap_finish(&tp, &free_list, NULL);
802			if (error)
803				goto trans_cancel;
804
805			error = xfs_trans_commit(tp);
806			if (error)
807				goto error0;
808
809			xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
810		}
811
812		/*
813		 * See if we were able to allocate an extent that
814		 * covers at least part of the callers request
815		 */
816		if (!(imap->br_startblock || XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip)))
817			return xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(ip, imap);
818
819		if ((offset_fsb >= imap->br_startoff) &&
820		    (offset_fsb < (imap->br_startoff +
821				   imap->br_blockcount))) {
822			XFS_STATS_INC(mp, xs_xstrat_quick);
823			return 0;
824		}
825
826		/*
827		 * So far we have not mapped the requested part of the
828		 * file, just surrounding data, try again.
829		 */
830		count_fsb -= imap->br_blockcount;
831		map_start_fsb = imap->br_startoff + imap->br_blockcount;
832	}
833
834trans_cancel:
835	xfs_bmap_cancel(&free_list);
836	xfs_trans_cancel(tp);
837error0:
838	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
839	return error;
840}
841
842int
843xfs_iomap_write_unwritten(
844	xfs_inode_t	*ip,
845	xfs_off_t	offset,
846	xfs_off_t	count)
 
847{
848	xfs_mount_t	*mp = ip->i_mount;
849	xfs_fileoff_t	offset_fsb;
850	xfs_filblks_t	count_fsb;
851	xfs_filblks_t	numblks_fsb;
852	xfs_fsblock_t	firstfsb;
853	int		nimaps;
854	xfs_trans_t	*tp;
855	xfs_bmbt_irec_t imap;
856	xfs_bmap_free_t free_list;
857	xfs_fsize_t	i_size;
858	uint		resblks;
859	int		error;
860
861	trace_xfs_unwritten_convert(ip, offset, count);
862
863	offset_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSBT(mp, offset);
864	count_fsb = XFS_B_TO_FSB(mp, (xfs_ufsize_t)offset + count);
865	count_fsb = (xfs_filblks_t)(count_fsb - offset_fsb);
866
867	/*
868	 * Reserve enough blocks in this transaction for two complete extent
869	 * btree splits.  We may be converting the middle part of an unwritten
870	 * extent and in this case we will insert two new extents in the btree
871	 * each of which could cause a full split.
872	 *
873	 * This reservation amount will be used in the first call to
874	 * xfs_bmbt_split() to select an AG with enough space to satisfy the
875	 * rest of the operation.
876	 */
877	resblks = XFS_DIOSTRAT_SPACE_RES(mp, 0) << 1;
878
 
 
 
 
 
879	do {
880		/*
881		 * set up a transaction to convert the range of extents
882		 * from unwritten to real. Do allocations in a loop until
883		 * we have covered the range passed in.
884		 *
885		 * Note that we open code the transaction allocation here
886		 * to pass KM_NOFS--we can't risk to recursing back into
887		 * the filesystem here as we might be asked to write out
888		 * the same inode that we complete here and might deadlock
889		 * on the iolock.
890		 */
891		sb_start_intwrite(mp->m_super);
892		tp = _xfs_trans_alloc(mp, XFS_TRANS_STRAT_WRITE, KM_NOFS);
893		tp->t_flags |= XFS_TRANS_RESERVE | XFS_TRANS_FREEZE_PROT;
894		error = xfs_trans_reserve(tp, &M_RES(mp)->tr_write,
895					  resblks, 0);
896		if (error) {
897			xfs_trans_cancel(tp);
898			return error;
899		}
900
901		xfs_ilock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
902		xfs_trans_ijoin(tp, ip, 0);
 
 
 
 
 
903
904		/*
905		 * Modify the unwritten extent state of the buffer.
906		 */
907		xfs_bmap_init(&free_list, &firstfsb);
908		nimaps = 1;
909		error = xfs_bmapi_write(tp, ip, offset_fsb, count_fsb,
910					XFS_BMAPI_CONVERT, &firstfsb, resblks,
911					&imap, &nimaps, &free_list);
912		if (error)
913			goto error_on_bmapi_transaction;
914
915		/*
916		 * Log the updated inode size as we go.  We have to be careful
917		 * to only log it up to the actual write offset if it is
918		 * halfway into a block.
919		 */
920		i_size = XFS_FSB_TO_B(mp, offset_fsb + count_fsb);
921		if (i_size > offset + count)
922			i_size = offset + count;
923
 
924		i_size = xfs_new_eof(ip, i_size);
925		if (i_size) {
926			ip->i_d.di_size = i_size;
927			xfs_trans_log_inode(tp, ip, XFS_ILOG_CORE);
928		}
929
930		error = xfs_bmap_finish(&tp, &free_list, NULL);
931		if (error)
932			goto error_on_bmapi_transaction;
933
934		error = xfs_trans_commit(tp);
935		xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
936		if (error)
937			return error;
938
939		if (!(imap.br_startblock || XFS_IS_REALTIME_INODE(ip)))
940			return xfs_alert_fsblock_zero(ip, &imap);
941
942		if ((numblks_fsb = imap.br_blockcount) == 0) {
943			/*
944			 * The numblks_fsb value should always get
945			 * smaller, otherwise the loop is stuck.
946			 */
947			ASSERT(imap.br_blockcount);
948			break;
949		}
950		offset_fsb += numblks_fsb;
951		count_fsb -= numblks_fsb;
952	} while (count_fsb > 0);
953
954	return 0;
955
956error_on_bmapi_transaction:
957	xfs_bmap_cancel(&free_list);
958	xfs_trans_cancel(tp);
959	xfs_iunlock(ip, XFS_ILOCK_EXCL);
960	return error;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
961}