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  1/*
  2 * Common functions for in-kernel torture tests.
  3 *
  4 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  5 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  6 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
  7 * (at your option) any later version.
  8 *
  9 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 10 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 11 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 12 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 13 *
 14 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 15 * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
 16 * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
 17 *
 18 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2014
 19 *
 20 * Author: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
 21 *	Based on kernel/rcu/torture.c.
 22 */
 23#include <linux/types.h>
 24#include <linux/kernel.h>
 25#include <linux/init.h>
 26#include <linux/module.h>
 27#include <linux/kthread.h>
 28#include <linux/err.h>
 29#include <linux/spinlock.h>
 30#include <linux/smp.h>
 31#include <linux/interrupt.h>
 32#include <linux/sched.h>
 33#include <linux/atomic.h>
 34#include <linux/bitops.h>
 35#include <linux/completion.h>
 36#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
 37#include <linux/percpu.h>
 38#include <linux/notifier.h>
 39#include <linux/reboot.h>
 40#include <linux/freezer.h>
 41#include <linux/cpu.h>
 42#include <linux/delay.h>
 43#include <linux/stat.h>
 44#include <linux/slab.h>
 45#include <linux/trace_clock.h>
 46#include <asm/byteorder.h>
 47#include <linux/torture.h>
 48
 49MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 50MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>");
 51
 52static char *torture_type;
 53static bool verbose;
 54
 55/* Mediate rmmod and system shutdown.  Concurrent rmmod & shutdown illegal! */
 56#define FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP 0	/* Normal operation. */
 57#define FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN 1	/* System shutdown with torture running. */
 58#define FULLSTOP_RMMOD    2	/* Normal rmmod of torture. */
 59static int fullstop = FULLSTOP_RMMOD;
 60static DEFINE_MUTEX(fullstop_mutex);
 61static int *torture_runnable;
 62
 63#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
 64
 65/*
 66 * Variables for online-offline handling.  Only present if CPU hotplug
 67 * is enabled, otherwise does nothing.
 68 */
 69
 70static struct task_struct *onoff_task;
 71static long onoff_holdoff;
 72static long onoff_interval;
 73static long n_offline_attempts;
 74static long n_offline_successes;
 75static unsigned long sum_offline;
 76static int min_offline = -1;
 77static int max_offline;
 78static long n_online_attempts;
 79static long n_online_successes;
 80static unsigned long sum_online;
 81static int min_online = -1;
 82static int max_online;
 83
 84/*
 85 * Execute random CPU-hotplug operations at the interval specified
 86 * by the onoff_interval.
 87 */
 88static int
 89torture_onoff(void *arg)
 90{
 91	int cpu;
 92	unsigned long delta;
 93	int maxcpu = -1;
 94	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
 95	int ret;
 96	unsigned long starttime;
 97
 98	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_onoff task started");
 99	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
100		maxcpu = cpu;
101	WARN_ON(maxcpu < 0);
102	if (onoff_holdoff > 0) {
103		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_onoff begin holdoff");
104		schedule_timeout_interruptible(onoff_holdoff);
105		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_onoff end holdoff");
106	}
107	while (!torture_must_stop()) {
108		cpu = (torture_random(&rand) >> 4) % (maxcpu + 1);
109		if (cpu_online(cpu) && cpu_is_hotpluggable(cpu)) {
110			if (verbose)
111				pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
112					 "torture_onoff task: offlining %d\n",
113					 torture_type, cpu);
114			starttime = jiffies;
115			n_offline_attempts++;
116			ret = cpu_down(cpu);
117			if (ret) {
118				if (verbose)
119					pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
120						 "torture_onoff task: offline %d failed: errno %d\n",
121						 torture_type, cpu, ret);
122			} else {
123				if (verbose)
124					pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
125						 "torture_onoff task: offlined %d\n",
126						 torture_type, cpu);
127				n_offline_successes++;
128				delta = jiffies - starttime;
129				sum_offline += delta;
130				if (min_offline < 0) {
131					min_offline = delta;
132					max_offline = delta;
133				}
134				if (min_offline > delta)
135					min_offline = delta;
136				if (max_offline < delta)
137					max_offline = delta;
138			}
139		} else if (cpu_is_hotpluggable(cpu)) {
140			if (verbose)
141				pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
142					 "torture_onoff task: onlining %d\n",
143					 torture_type, cpu);
144			starttime = jiffies;
145			n_online_attempts++;
146			ret = cpu_up(cpu);
147			if (ret) {
148				if (verbose)
149					pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
150						 "torture_onoff task: online %d failed: errno %d\n",
151						 torture_type, cpu, ret);
152			} else {
153				if (verbose)
154					pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
155						 "torture_onoff task: onlined %d\n",
156						 torture_type, cpu);
157				n_online_successes++;
158				delta = jiffies - starttime;
159				sum_online += delta;
160				if (min_online < 0) {
161					min_online = delta;
162					max_online = delta;
163				}
164				if (min_online > delta)
165					min_online = delta;
166				if (max_online < delta)
167					max_online = delta;
168			}
169		}
170		schedule_timeout_interruptible(onoff_interval);
171	}
172	torture_kthread_stopping("torture_onoff");
173	return 0;
174}
175
176#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
177
178/*
179 * Initiate online-offline handling.
180 */
181int torture_onoff_init(long ooholdoff, long oointerval)
182{
183	int ret = 0;
184
185#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
186	onoff_holdoff = ooholdoff;
187	onoff_interval = oointerval;
188	if (onoff_interval <= 0)
189		return 0;
190	ret = torture_create_kthread(torture_onoff, NULL, onoff_task);
191#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
192	return ret;
193}
194EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_onoff_init);
195
196/*
197 * Clean up after online/offline testing.
198 */
199static void torture_onoff_cleanup(void)
200{
201#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
202	if (onoff_task == NULL)
203		return;
204	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Stopping torture_onoff task");
205	kthread_stop(onoff_task);
206	onoff_task = NULL;
207#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
208}
209EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_onoff_cleanup);
210
211/*
212 * Print online/offline testing statistics.
213 */
214char *torture_onoff_stats(char *page)
215{
216#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
217	page += sprintf(page,
218		       "onoff: %ld/%ld:%ld/%ld %d,%d:%d,%d %lu:%lu (HZ=%d) ",
219		       n_online_successes, n_online_attempts,
220		       n_offline_successes, n_offline_attempts,
221		       min_online, max_online,
222		       min_offline, max_offline,
223		       sum_online, sum_offline, HZ);
224#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
225	return page;
226}
227EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_onoff_stats);
228
229/*
230 * Were all the online/offline operations successful?
231 */
232bool torture_onoff_failures(void)
233{
234#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
235	return n_online_successes != n_online_attempts ||
236	       n_offline_successes != n_offline_attempts;
237#else /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
238	return false;
239#endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
240}
241EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_onoff_failures);
242
243#define TORTURE_RANDOM_MULT	39916801  /* prime */
244#define TORTURE_RANDOM_ADD	479001701 /* prime */
245#define TORTURE_RANDOM_REFRESH	10000
246
247/*
248 * Crude but fast random-number generator.  Uses a linear congruential
249 * generator, with occasional help from cpu_clock().
250 */
251unsigned long
252torture_random(struct torture_random_state *trsp)
253{
254	if (--trsp->trs_count < 0) {
255		trsp->trs_state += (unsigned long)local_clock();
256		trsp->trs_count = TORTURE_RANDOM_REFRESH;
257	}
258	trsp->trs_state = trsp->trs_state * TORTURE_RANDOM_MULT +
259		TORTURE_RANDOM_ADD;
260	return swahw32(trsp->trs_state);
261}
262EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_random);
263
264/*
265 * Variables for shuffling.  The idea is to ensure that each CPU stays
266 * idle for an extended period to test interactions with dyntick idle,
267 * as well as interactions with any per-CPU varibles.
268 */
269struct shuffle_task {
270	struct list_head st_l;
271	struct task_struct *st_t;
272};
273
274static long shuffle_interval;	/* In jiffies. */
275static struct task_struct *shuffler_task;
276static cpumask_var_t shuffle_tmp_mask;
277static int shuffle_idle_cpu;	/* Force all torture tasks off this CPU */
278static struct list_head shuffle_task_list = LIST_HEAD_INIT(shuffle_task_list);
279static DEFINE_MUTEX(shuffle_task_mutex);
280
281/*
282 * Register a task to be shuffled.  If there is no memory, just splat
283 * and don't bother registering.
284 */
285void torture_shuffle_task_register(struct task_struct *tp)
286{
287	struct shuffle_task *stp;
288
289	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tp == NULL))
290		return;
291	stp = kmalloc(sizeof(*stp), GFP_KERNEL);
292	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(stp == NULL))
293		return;
294	stp->st_t = tp;
295	mutex_lock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
296	list_add(&stp->st_l, &shuffle_task_list);
297	mutex_unlock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
298}
299EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shuffle_task_register);
300
301/*
302 * Unregister all tasks, for example, at the end of the torture run.
303 */
304static void torture_shuffle_task_unregister_all(void)
305{
306	struct shuffle_task *stp;
307	struct shuffle_task *p;
308
309	mutex_lock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
310	list_for_each_entry_safe(stp, p, &shuffle_task_list, st_l) {
311		list_del(&stp->st_l);
312		kfree(stp);
313	}
314	mutex_unlock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
315}
316
317/* Shuffle tasks such that we allow shuffle_idle_cpu to become idle.
318 * A special case is when shuffle_idle_cpu = -1, in which case we allow
319 * the tasks to run on all CPUs.
320 */
321static void torture_shuffle_tasks(void)
322{
323	struct shuffle_task *stp;
324
325	cpumask_setall(shuffle_tmp_mask);
326	get_online_cpus();
327
328	/* No point in shuffling if there is only one online CPU (ex: UP) */
329	if (num_online_cpus() == 1) {
330		put_online_cpus();
331		return;
332	}
333
334	/* Advance to the next CPU.  Upon overflow, don't idle any CPUs. */
335	shuffle_idle_cpu = cpumask_next(shuffle_idle_cpu, shuffle_tmp_mask);
336	if (shuffle_idle_cpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
337		shuffle_idle_cpu = -1;
338	if (shuffle_idle_cpu != -1) {
339		cpumask_clear_cpu(shuffle_idle_cpu, shuffle_tmp_mask);
340		if (cpumask_empty(shuffle_tmp_mask)) {
341			put_online_cpus();
342			return;
343		}
344	}
345
346	mutex_lock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
347	list_for_each_entry(stp, &shuffle_task_list, st_l)
348		set_cpus_allowed_ptr(stp->st_t, shuffle_tmp_mask);
349	mutex_unlock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
350
351	put_online_cpus();
352}
353
354/* Shuffle tasks across CPUs, with the intent of allowing each CPU in the
355 * system to become idle at a time and cut off its timer ticks. This is meant
356 * to test the support for such tickless idle CPU in RCU.
357 */
358static int torture_shuffle(void *arg)
359{
360	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_shuffle task started");
361	do {
362		schedule_timeout_interruptible(shuffle_interval);
363		torture_shuffle_tasks();
364		torture_shutdown_absorb("torture_shuffle");
365	} while (!torture_must_stop());
366	torture_kthread_stopping("torture_shuffle");
367	return 0;
368}
369
370/*
371 * Start the shuffler, with shuffint in jiffies.
372 */
373int torture_shuffle_init(long shuffint)
374{
375	shuffle_interval = shuffint;
376
377	shuffle_idle_cpu = -1;
378
379	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&shuffle_tmp_mask, GFP_KERNEL)) {
380		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("Failed to alloc mask");
381		return -ENOMEM;
382	}
383
384	/* Create the shuffler thread */
385	return torture_create_kthread(torture_shuffle, NULL, shuffler_task);
386}
387EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shuffle_init);
388
389/*
390 * Stop the shuffling.
391 */
392static void torture_shuffle_cleanup(void)
393{
394	torture_shuffle_task_unregister_all();
395	if (shuffler_task) {
396		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Stopping torture_shuffle task");
397		kthread_stop(shuffler_task);
398		free_cpumask_var(shuffle_tmp_mask);
399	}
400	shuffler_task = NULL;
401}
402EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shuffle_cleanup);
403
404/*
405 * Variables for auto-shutdown.  This allows "lights out" torture runs
406 * to be fully scripted.
407 */
408static int shutdown_secs;		/* desired test duration in seconds. */
409static struct task_struct *shutdown_task;
410static unsigned long shutdown_time;	/* jiffies to system shutdown. */
411static void (*torture_shutdown_hook)(void);
412
413/*
414 * Absorb kthreads into a kernel function that won't return, so that
415 * they won't ever access module text or data again.
416 */
417void torture_shutdown_absorb(const char *title)
418{
419	while (ACCESS_ONCE(fullstop) == FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN) {
420		pr_notice("torture thread %s parking due to system shutdown\n",
421			  title);
422		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
423	}
424}
425EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shutdown_absorb);
426
427/*
428 * Cause the torture test to shutdown the system after the test has
429 * run for the time specified by the shutdown_secs parameter.
430 */
431static int torture_shutdown(void *arg)
432{
433	long delta;
434	unsigned long jiffies_snap;
435
436	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_shutdown task started");
437	jiffies_snap = jiffies;
438	while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies_snap, shutdown_time) &&
439	       !torture_must_stop()) {
440		delta = shutdown_time - jiffies_snap;
441		if (verbose)
442			pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
443				 "torture_shutdown task: %lu jiffies remaining\n",
444				 torture_type, delta);
445		schedule_timeout_interruptible(delta);
446		jiffies_snap = jiffies;
447	}
448	if (torture_must_stop()) {
449		torture_kthread_stopping("torture_shutdown");
450		return 0;
451	}
452
453	/* OK, shut down the system. */
454
455	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_shutdown task shutting down system");
456	shutdown_task = NULL;	/* Avoid self-kill deadlock. */
457	if (torture_shutdown_hook)
458		torture_shutdown_hook();
459	else
460		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("No torture_shutdown_hook(), skipping.");
461	kernel_power_off();	/* Shut down the system. */
462	return 0;
463}
464
465/*
466 * Start up the shutdown task.
467 */
468int torture_shutdown_init(int ssecs, void (*cleanup)(void))
469{
470	int ret = 0;
471
472	shutdown_secs = ssecs;
473	torture_shutdown_hook = cleanup;
474	if (shutdown_secs > 0) {
475		shutdown_time = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
476		ret = torture_create_kthread(torture_shutdown, NULL,
477					     shutdown_task);
478	}
479	return ret;
480}
481EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shutdown_init);
482
483/*
484 * Detect and respond to a system shutdown.
485 */
486static int torture_shutdown_notify(struct notifier_block *unused1,
487				   unsigned long unused2, void *unused3)
488{
489	mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
490	if (ACCESS_ONCE(fullstop) == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP) {
491		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Unscheduled system shutdown detected");
492		ACCESS_ONCE(fullstop) = FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN;
493	} else {
494		pr_warn("Concurrent rmmod and shutdown illegal!\n");
495	}
496	mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
497	return NOTIFY_DONE;
498}
499
500static struct notifier_block torture_shutdown_nb = {
501	.notifier_call = torture_shutdown_notify,
502};
503
504/*
505 * Shut down the shutdown task.  Say what???  Heh!  This can happen if
506 * the torture module gets an rmmod before the shutdown time arrives.  ;-)
507 */
508static void torture_shutdown_cleanup(void)
509{
510	unregister_reboot_notifier(&torture_shutdown_nb);
511	if (shutdown_task != NULL) {
512		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Stopping torture_shutdown task");
513		kthread_stop(shutdown_task);
514	}
515	shutdown_task = NULL;
516}
517
518/*
519 * Variables for stuttering, which means to periodically pause and
520 * restart testing in order to catch bugs that appear when load is
521 * suddenly applied to or removed from the system.
522 */
523static struct task_struct *stutter_task;
524static int stutter_pause_test;
525static int stutter;
526
527/*
528 * Block until the stutter interval ends.  This must be called periodically
529 * by all running kthreads that need to be subject to stuttering.
530 */
531void stutter_wait(const char *title)
532{
533	while (ACCESS_ONCE(stutter_pause_test) ||
534	       (torture_runnable && !ACCESS_ONCE(*torture_runnable))) {
535		if (stutter_pause_test)
536			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
537		else
538			schedule_timeout_interruptible(round_jiffies_relative(HZ));
539		torture_shutdown_absorb(title);
540	}
541}
542EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(stutter_wait);
543
544/*
545 * Cause the torture test to "stutter", starting and stopping all
546 * threads periodically.
547 */
548static int torture_stutter(void *arg)
549{
550	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_stutter task started");
551	do {
552		if (!torture_must_stop()) {
553			schedule_timeout_interruptible(stutter);
554			ACCESS_ONCE(stutter_pause_test) = 1;
555		}
556		if (!torture_must_stop())
557			schedule_timeout_interruptible(stutter);
558		ACCESS_ONCE(stutter_pause_test) = 0;
559		torture_shutdown_absorb("torture_stutter");
560	} while (!torture_must_stop());
561	torture_kthread_stopping("torture_stutter");
562	return 0;
563}
564
565/*
566 * Initialize and kick off the torture_stutter kthread.
567 */
568int torture_stutter_init(int s)
569{
570	int ret;
571
572	stutter = s;
573	ret = torture_create_kthread(torture_stutter, NULL, stutter_task);
574	return ret;
575}
576EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_stutter_init);
577
578/*
579 * Cleanup after the torture_stutter kthread.
580 */
581static void torture_stutter_cleanup(void)
582{
583	if (!stutter_task)
584		return;
585	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Stopping torture_stutter task");
586	kthread_stop(stutter_task);
587	stutter_task = NULL;
588}
589
590/*
591 * Initialize torture module.  Please note that this is -not- invoked via
592 * the usual module_init() mechanism, but rather by an explicit call from
593 * the client torture module.  This call must be paired with a later
594 * torture_init_end().
595 *
596 * The runnable parameter points to a flag that controls whether or not
597 * the test is currently runnable.  If there is no such flag, pass in NULL.
598 */
599void __init torture_init_begin(char *ttype, bool v, int *runnable)
600{
601	mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
602	torture_type = ttype;
603	verbose = v;
604	torture_runnable = runnable;
605	fullstop = FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP;
606
607}
608EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_init_begin);
609
610/*
611 * Tell the torture module that initialization is complete.
612 */
613void __init torture_init_end(void)
614{
615	mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
616	register_reboot_notifier(&torture_shutdown_nb);
617}
618EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_init_end);
619
620/*
621 * Clean up torture module.  Please note that this is -not- invoked via
622 * the usual module_exit() mechanism, but rather by an explicit call from
623 * the client torture module.  Returns true if a race with system shutdown
624 * is detected, otherwise, all kthreads started by functions in this file
625 * will be shut down.
626 *
627 * This must be called before the caller starts shutting down its own
628 * kthreads.
629 */
630bool torture_cleanup(void)
631{
632	mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
633	if (ACCESS_ONCE(fullstop) == FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN) {
634		pr_warn("Concurrent rmmod and shutdown illegal!\n");
635		mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
636		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(10);
637		return true;
638	}
639	ACCESS_ONCE(fullstop) = FULLSTOP_RMMOD;
640	mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
641	torture_shutdown_cleanup();
642	torture_shuffle_cleanup();
643	torture_stutter_cleanup();
644	torture_onoff_cleanup();
645	return false;
646}
647EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_cleanup);
648
649/*
650 * Is it time for the current torture test to stop?
651 */
652bool torture_must_stop(void)
653{
654	return torture_must_stop_irq() || kthread_should_stop();
655}
656EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_must_stop);
657
658/*
659 * Is it time for the current torture test to stop?  This is the irq-safe
660 * version, hence no check for kthread_should_stop().
661 */
662bool torture_must_stop_irq(void)
663{
664	return ACCESS_ONCE(fullstop) != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP;
665}
666EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_must_stop_irq);
667
668/*
669 * Each kthread must wait for kthread_should_stop() before returning from
670 * its top-level function, otherwise segfaults ensue.  This function
671 * prints a "stopping" message and waits for kthread_should_stop(), and
672 * should be called from all torture kthreads immediately prior to
673 * returning.
674 */
675void torture_kthread_stopping(char *title)
676{
677	if (verbose)
678		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING(title);
679	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
680		torture_shutdown_absorb(title);
681		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
682	}
683}
684EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_kthread_stopping);
685
686/*
687 * Create a generic torture kthread that is immediately runnable.  If you
688 * need the kthread to be stopped so that you can do something to it before
689 * it starts, you will need to open-code your own.
690 */
691int _torture_create_kthread(int (*fn)(void *arg), void *arg, char *s, char *m,
692			    char *f, struct task_struct **tp)
693{
694	int ret = 0;
695
696	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING(m);
697	*tp = kthread_run(fn, arg, s);
698	if (IS_ERR(*tp)) {
699		ret = PTR_ERR(*tp);
700		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING(f);
701		*tp = NULL;
702	}
703	torture_shuffle_task_register(*tp);
704	return ret;
705}
706EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(_torture_create_kthread);
707
708/*
709 * Stop a generic kthread, emitting a message.
710 */
711void _torture_stop_kthread(char *m, struct task_struct **tp)
712{
713	if (*tp == NULL)
714		return;
715	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING(m);
716	kthread_stop(*tp);
717	*tp = NULL;
718}
719EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(_torture_stop_kthread);