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v6.8
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2/*
   3 * Copyright © 2009 - Maxim Levitsky
   4 * SmartMedia/xD translation layer
   5 */
   6
   7#include <linux/kernel.h>
   8#include <linux/module.h>
   9#include <linux/random.h>
  10#include <linux/hdreg.h>
  11#include <linux/kthread.h>
  12#include <linux/freezer.h>
  13#include <linux/sysfs.h>
  14#include <linux/bitops.h>
  15#include <linux/slab.h>
  16#include <linux/mtd/nand-ecc-sw-hamming.h>
  17#include "nand/raw/sm_common.h"
  18#include "sm_ftl.h"
  19
  20
  21
  22static struct workqueue_struct *cache_flush_workqueue;
  23
  24static int cache_timeout = 1000;
  25module_param(cache_timeout, int, S_IRUGO);
  26MODULE_PARM_DESC(cache_timeout,
  27	"Timeout (in ms) for cache flush (1000 ms default");
  28
  29static int debug;
  30module_param(debug, int, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
  31MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug, "Debug level (0-2)");
  32
  33
  34/* ------------------- sysfs attributes ---------------------------------- */
  35struct sm_sysfs_attribute {
  36	struct device_attribute dev_attr;
  37	char *data;
  38	int len;
  39};
  40
  41static ssize_t sm_attr_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
  42		     char *buf)
  43{
  44	struct sm_sysfs_attribute *sm_attr =
  45		container_of(attr, struct sm_sysfs_attribute, dev_attr);
  46
  47	strncpy(buf, sm_attr->data, sm_attr->len);
  48	return sm_attr->len;
  49}
  50
  51
  52#define NUM_ATTRIBUTES 1
  53#define SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET 0x59
  54static struct attribute_group *sm_create_sysfs_attributes(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
  55{
  56	struct attribute_group *attr_group;
  57	struct attribute **attributes;
  58	struct sm_sysfs_attribute *vendor_attribute;
  59	char *vendor;
  60
  61	vendor = kstrndup(ftl->cis_buffer + SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET,
  62			  SM_SMALL_PAGE - SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET, GFP_KERNEL);
  63	if (!vendor)
  64		goto error1;
  65
  66	/* Initialize sysfs attributes */
  67	vendor_attribute =
  68		kzalloc(sizeof(struct sm_sysfs_attribute), GFP_KERNEL);
  69	if (!vendor_attribute)
  70		goto error2;
  71
  72	sysfs_attr_init(&vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr);
  73
  74	vendor_attribute->data = vendor;
  75	vendor_attribute->len = strlen(vendor);
  76	vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr.name = "vendor";
  77	vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr.mode = S_IRUGO;
  78	vendor_attribute->dev_attr.show = sm_attr_show;
  79
  80
  81	/* Create array of pointers to the attributes */
  82	attributes = kcalloc(NUM_ATTRIBUTES + 1, sizeof(struct attribute *),
  83								GFP_KERNEL);
  84	if (!attributes)
  85		goto error3;
  86	attributes[0] = &vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr;
  87
  88	/* Finally create the attribute group */
  89	attr_group = kzalloc(sizeof(struct attribute_group), GFP_KERNEL);
  90	if (!attr_group)
  91		goto error4;
  92	attr_group->attrs = attributes;
  93	return attr_group;
  94error4:
  95	kfree(attributes);
  96error3:
  97	kfree(vendor_attribute);
  98error2:
  99	kfree(vendor);
 100error1:
 101	return NULL;
 102}
 103
 104static void sm_delete_sysfs_attributes(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 105{
 106	struct attribute **attributes = ftl->disk_attributes->attrs;
 107	int i;
 108
 109	for (i = 0; attributes[i] ; i++) {
 110
 111		struct device_attribute *dev_attr = container_of(attributes[i],
 112			struct device_attribute, attr);
 113
 114		struct sm_sysfs_attribute *sm_attr =
 115			container_of(dev_attr,
 116				struct sm_sysfs_attribute, dev_attr);
 117
 118		kfree(sm_attr->data);
 119		kfree(sm_attr);
 120	}
 121
 122	kfree(ftl->disk_attributes->attrs);
 123	kfree(ftl->disk_attributes);
 124}
 125
 126
 127/* ----------------------- oob helpers -------------------------------------- */
 128
 129static int sm_get_lba(uint8_t *lba)
 130{
 131	/* check fixed bits */
 132	if ((lba[0] & 0xF8) != 0x10)
 133		return -2;
 134
 135	/* check parity - endianness doesn't matter */
 136	if (hweight16(*(uint16_t *)lba) & 1)
 137		return -2;
 138
 139	return (lba[1] >> 1) | ((lba[0] & 0x07) << 7);
 140}
 141
 142
 143/*
 144 * Read LBA associated with block
 145 * returns -1, if block is erased
 146 * returns -2 if error happens
 147 */
 148static int sm_read_lba(struct sm_oob *oob)
 149{
 150	static const uint32_t erased_pattern[4] = {
 151		0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF };
 152
 153	uint16_t lba_test;
 154	int lba;
 155
 156	/* First test for erased block */
 157	if (!memcmp(oob, erased_pattern, SM_OOB_SIZE))
 158		return -1;
 159
 160	/* Now check is both copies of the LBA differ too much */
 161	lba_test = *(uint16_t *)oob->lba_copy1 ^ *(uint16_t*)oob->lba_copy2;
 162	if (lba_test && !is_power_of_2(lba_test))
 163		return -2;
 164
 165	/* And read it */
 166	lba = sm_get_lba(oob->lba_copy1);
 167
 168	if (lba == -2)
 169		lba = sm_get_lba(oob->lba_copy2);
 170
 171	return lba;
 172}
 173
 174static void sm_write_lba(struct sm_oob *oob, uint16_t lba)
 175{
 176	uint8_t tmp[2];
 177
 178	WARN_ON(lba >= 1000);
 179
 180	tmp[0] = 0x10 | ((lba >> 7) & 0x07);
 181	tmp[1] = (lba << 1) & 0xFF;
 182
 183	if (hweight16(*(uint16_t *)tmp) & 0x01)
 184		tmp[1] |= 1;
 185
 186	oob->lba_copy1[0] = oob->lba_copy2[0] = tmp[0];
 187	oob->lba_copy1[1] = oob->lba_copy2[1] = tmp[1];
 188}
 189
 190
 191/* Make offset from parts */
 192static loff_t sm_mkoffset(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block, int boffset)
 193{
 194	WARN_ON(boffset & (SM_SECTOR_SIZE - 1));
 195	WARN_ON(zone < 0 || zone >= ftl->zone_count);
 196	WARN_ON(block >= ftl->zone_size);
 197	WARN_ON(boffset >= ftl->block_size);
 198
 199	if (block == -1)
 200		return -1;
 201
 202	return (zone * SM_MAX_ZONE_SIZE + block) * ftl->block_size + boffset;
 203}
 204
 205/* Breaks offset into parts */
 206static void sm_break_offset(struct sm_ftl *ftl, loff_t loffset,
 207			    int *zone, int *block, int *boffset)
 208{
 209	u64 offset = loffset;
 210	*boffset = do_div(offset, ftl->block_size);
 211	*block = do_div(offset, ftl->max_lba);
 212	*zone = offset >= ftl->zone_count ? -1 : offset;
 213}
 214
 215/* ---------------------- low level IO ------------------------------------- */
 216
 217static int sm_correct_sector(uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
 218{
 219	bool sm_order = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_SW_HAMMING_SMC);
 220	uint8_t ecc[3];
 221
 222	ecc_sw_hamming_calculate(buffer, SM_SMALL_PAGE, ecc, sm_order);
 223	if (ecc_sw_hamming_correct(buffer, ecc, oob->ecc1, SM_SMALL_PAGE,
 224				   sm_order) < 0)
 
 225		return -EIO;
 226
 227	buffer += SM_SMALL_PAGE;
 228
 229	ecc_sw_hamming_calculate(buffer, SM_SMALL_PAGE, ecc, sm_order);
 230	if (ecc_sw_hamming_correct(buffer, ecc, oob->ecc2, SM_SMALL_PAGE,
 231				   sm_order) < 0)
 
 232		return -EIO;
 233	return 0;
 234}
 235
 236/* Reads a sector + oob*/
 237static int sm_read_sector(struct sm_ftl *ftl,
 238			  int zone, int block, int boffset,
 239			  uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
 240{
 241	struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
 242	struct mtd_oob_ops ops = { };
 243	struct sm_oob tmp_oob;
 244	int ret = -EIO;
 245	int try = 0;
 246
 247	/* FTL can contain -1 entries that are by default filled with bits */
 248	if (block == -1) {
 249		if (buffer)
 250			memset(buffer, 0xFF, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 251		return 0;
 252	}
 253
 254	/* User might not need the oob, but we do for data verification */
 255	if (!oob)
 256		oob = &tmp_oob;
 257
 258	ops.mode = ftl->smallpagenand ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
 259	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 260	ops.ooblen = SM_OOB_SIZE;
 261	ops.oobbuf = (void *)oob;
 262	ops.len = SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 263	ops.datbuf = buffer;
 264
 265again:
 266	if (try++) {
 267		/* Avoid infinite recursion on CIS reads, sm_recheck_media
 268		 * won't help anyway
 269		 */
 270		if (zone == 0 && block == ftl->cis_block && boffset ==
 271			ftl->cis_boffset)
 272			return ret;
 273
 274		/* Test if media is stable */
 275		if (try == 3 || sm_recheck_media(ftl))
 276			return ret;
 277	}
 278
 279	/* Unfortunately, oob read will _always_ succeed,
 280	 * despite card removal.....
 281	 */
 282	ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone, block, boffset), &ops);
 283
 284	/* Test for unknown errors */
 285	if (ret != 0 && !mtd_is_bitflip_or_eccerr(ret)) {
 286		dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed due to error (%d)",
 287			block, zone, ret);
 288		goto again;
 289	}
 290
 291	/* Do a basic test on the oob, to guard against returned garbage */
 292	if (oob->reserved != 0xFFFFFFFF && !is_power_of_2(~oob->reserved))
 293		goto again;
 294
 295	/* This should never happen, unless there is a bug in the mtd driver */
 296	WARN_ON(ops.oobretlen != SM_OOB_SIZE);
 297	WARN_ON(buffer && ops.retlen != SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 298
 299	if (!buffer)
 300		return 0;
 301
 302	/* Test if sector marked as bad */
 303	if (!sm_sector_valid(oob)) {
 304		dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed because it is marked"
 305			" as bad" , block, zone);
 306		goto again;
 307	}
 308
 309	/* Test ECC*/
 310	if (mtd_is_eccerr(ret) ||
 311		(ftl->smallpagenand && sm_correct_sector(buffer, oob))) {
 312
 313		dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed due to ECC error",
 314			block, zone);
 315		goto again;
 316	}
 317
 318	return 0;
 319}
 320
 321/* Writes a sector to media */
 322static int sm_write_sector(struct sm_ftl *ftl,
 323			   int zone, int block, int boffset,
 324			   uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
 325{
 326	struct mtd_oob_ops ops = { };
 327	struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
 328	int ret;
 329
 330	BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
 331
 332	if (zone == 0 && (block == ftl->cis_block || block == 0)) {
 333		dbg("attempted to write the CIS!");
 334		return -EIO;
 335	}
 336
 337	if (ftl->unstable)
 338		return -EIO;
 339
 340	ops.mode = ftl->smallpagenand ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
 341	ops.len = SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 342	ops.datbuf = buffer;
 343	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 344	ops.ooblen = SM_OOB_SIZE;
 345	ops.oobbuf = (void *)oob;
 346
 347	ret = mtd_write_oob(mtd, sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone, block, boffset), &ops);
 348
 349	/* Now we assume that hardware will catch write bitflip errors */
 350
 351	if (ret) {
 352		dbg("write to block %d at zone %d, failed with error %d",
 353			block, zone, ret);
 354
 355		sm_recheck_media(ftl);
 356		return ret;
 357	}
 358
 359	/* This should never happen, unless there is a bug in the driver */
 360	WARN_ON(ops.oobretlen != SM_OOB_SIZE);
 361	WARN_ON(buffer && ops.retlen != SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 362
 363	return 0;
 364}
 365
 366/* ------------------------ block IO ------------------------------------- */
 367
 368/* Write a block using data and lba, and invalid sector bitmap */
 369static int sm_write_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, uint8_t *buf,
 370			  int zone, int block, int lba,
 371			  unsigned long invalid_bitmap)
 372{
 373	bool sm_order = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_SW_HAMMING_SMC);
 374	struct sm_oob oob;
 375	int boffset;
 376	int retry = 0;
 377
 378	/* Initialize the oob with requested values */
 379	memset(&oob, 0xFF, SM_OOB_SIZE);
 380	sm_write_lba(&oob, lba);
 381restart:
 382	if (ftl->unstable)
 383		return -EIO;
 384
 385	for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size;
 386				boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
 387
 388		oob.data_status = 0xFF;
 389
 390		if (test_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, &invalid_bitmap)) {
 391
 392			sm_printk("sector %d of block at LBA %d of zone %d"
 393				" couldn't be read, marking it as invalid",
 394				boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, lba, zone);
 395
 396			oob.data_status = 0;
 397		}
 398
 399		if (ftl->smallpagenand) {
 400			ecc_sw_hamming_calculate(buf + boffset,
 401						 SM_SMALL_PAGE, oob.ecc1,
 402						 sm_order);
 403
 404			ecc_sw_hamming_calculate(buf + boffset + SM_SMALL_PAGE,
 405						 SM_SMALL_PAGE, oob.ecc2,
 406						 sm_order);
 407		}
 408		if (!sm_write_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset,
 409							buf + boffset, &oob))
 410			continue;
 411
 412		if (!retry) {
 413
 414			/* If write fails. try to erase the block */
 415			/* This is safe, because we never write in blocks
 416			 * that contain valuable data.
 417			 * This is intended to repair block that are marked
 418			 * as erased, but that isn't fully erased
 419			 */
 420
 421			if (sm_erase_block(ftl, zone, block, 0))
 422				return -EIO;
 423
 424			retry = 1;
 425			goto restart;
 426		} else {
 427			sm_mark_block_bad(ftl, zone, block);
 428			return -EIO;
 429		}
 430	}
 431	return 0;
 432}
 433
 434
 435/* Mark whole block at offset 'offs' as bad. */
 436static void sm_mark_block_bad(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block)
 437{
 438	struct sm_oob oob;
 439	int boffset;
 440
 441	memset(&oob, 0xFF, SM_OOB_SIZE);
 442	oob.block_status = 0xF0;
 443
 444	if (ftl->unstable)
 445		return;
 446
 447	if (sm_recheck_media(ftl))
 448		return;
 449
 450	sm_printk("marking block %d of zone %d as bad", block, zone);
 451
 452	/* We aren't checking the return value, because we don't care */
 453	/* This also fails on fake xD cards, but I guess these won't expose
 454	 * any bad blocks till fail completely
 455	 */
 456	for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size; boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE)
 457		sm_write_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset, NULL, &oob);
 458}
 459
 460/*
 461 * Erase a block within a zone
 462 * If erase succeeds, it updates free block fifo, otherwise marks block as bad
 463 */
 464static int sm_erase_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num, uint16_t block,
 465			  int put_free)
 466{
 467	struct ftl_zone *zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
 468	struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
 469	struct erase_info erase;
 470
 471	erase.addr = sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone_num, block, 0);
 472	erase.len = ftl->block_size;
 473
 474	if (ftl->unstable)
 475		return -EIO;
 476
 477	BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
 478
 479	if (zone_num == 0 && (block == ftl->cis_block || block == 0)) {
 480		sm_printk("attempted to erase the CIS!");
 481		return -EIO;
 482	}
 483
 484	if (mtd_erase(mtd, &erase)) {
 485		sm_printk("erase of block %d in zone %d failed",
 486							block, zone_num);
 487		goto error;
 488	}
 489
 490	if (put_free)
 491		kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors,
 492			(const unsigned char *)&block, sizeof(block));
 493
 494	return 0;
 495error:
 496	sm_mark_block_bad(ftl, zone_num, block);
 497	return -EIO;
 498}
 499
 500/* Thoroughly test that block is valid. */
 501static int sm_check_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block)
 502{
 503	int boffset;
 504	struct sm_oob oob;
 505	int lbas[] = { -3, 0, 0, 0 };
 506	int i = 0;
 507	int test_lba;
 508
 509
 510	/* First just check that block doesn't look fishy */
 511	/* Only blocks that are valid or are sliced in two parts, are
 512	 * accepted
 513	 */
 514	for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size;
 515					boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
 516
 517		/* This shouldn't happen anyway */
 518		if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset, NULL, &oob))
 519			return -2;
 520
 521		test_lba = sm_read_lba(&oob);
 522
 523		if (lbas[i] != test_lba)
 524			lbas[++i] = test_lba;
 525
 526		/* If we found three different LBAs, something is fishy */
 527		if (i == 3)
 528			return -EIO;
 529	}
 530
 531	/* If the block is sliced (partially erased usually) erase it */
 532	if (i == 2) {
 533		sm_erase_block(ftl, zone, block, 1);
 534		return 1;
 535	}
 536
 537	return 0;
 538}
 539
 540/* ----------------- media scanning --------------------------------- */
 541static const struct chs_entry chs_table[] = {
 542	{ 1,    125,  4,  4  },
 543	{ 2,    125,  4,  8  },
 544	{ 4,    250,  4,  8  },
 545	{ 8,    250,  4,  16 },
 546	{ 16,   500,  4,  16 },
 547	{ 32,   500,  8,  16 },
 548	{ 64,   500,  8,  32 },
 549	{ 128,  500,  16, 32 },
 550	{ 256,  1000, 16, 32 },
 551	{ 512,  1015, 32, 63 },
 552	{ 1024, 985,  33, 63 },
 553	{ 2048, 985,  33, 63 },
 554	{ 0 },
 555};
 556
 557
 558static const uint8_t cis_signature[] = {
 559	0x01, 0x03, 0xD9, 0x01, 0xFF, 0x18, 0x02, 0xDF, 0x01, 0x20
 560};
 561/* Find out media parameters.
 562 * This ideally has to be based on nand id, but for now device size is enough
 563 */
 564static int sm_get_media_info(struct sm_ftl *ftl, struct mtd_info *mtd)
 565{
 566	int i;
 567	int size_in_megs = mtd->size / (1024 * 1024);
 568
 569	ftl->readonly = mtd->type == MTD_ROM;
 570
 571	/* Manual settings for very old devices */
 572	ftl->zone_count = 1;
 573	ftl->smallpagenand = 0;
 574
 575	switch (size_in_megs) {
 576	case 1:
 577		/* 1 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia card (256 byte pages)*/
 578		ftl->zone_size = 256;
 579		ftl->max_lba = 250;
 580		ftl->block_size = 8 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 581		ftl->smallpagenand = 1;
 582
 583		break;
 584	case 2:
 585		/* 2 MiB flash SmartMedia (256 byte pages)*/
 586		if (mtd->writesize == SM_SMALL_PAGE) {
 587			ftl->zone_size = 512;
 588			ftl->max_lba = 500;
 589			ftl->block_size = 8 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 590			ftl->smallpagenand = 1;
 591		/* 2 MiB rom SmartMedia */
 592		} else {
 593
 594			if (!ftl->readonly)
 595				return -ENODEV;
 596
 597			ftl->zone_size = 256;
 598			ftl->max_lba = 250;
 599			ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 600		}
 601		break;
 602	case 4:
 603		/* 4 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia device */
 604		ftl->zone_size = 512;
 605		ftl->max_lba = 500;
 606		ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 607		break;
 608	case 8:
 609		/* 8 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia device */
 610		ftl->zone_size = 1024;
 611		ftl->max_lba = 1000;
 612		ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 613	}
 614
 615	/* Minimum xD size is 16MiB. Also, all xD cards have standard zone
 616	 * sizes. SmartMedia cards exist up to 128 MiB and have same layout
 617	 */
 618	if (size_in_megs >= 16) {
 619		ftl->zone_count = size_in_megs / 16;
 620		ftl->zone_size = 1024;
 621		ftl->max_lba = 1000;
 622		ftl->block_size = 32 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 623	}
 624
 625	/* Test for proper write,erase and oob sizes */
 626	if (mtd->erasesize > ftl->block_size)
 627		return -ENODEV;
 628
 629	if (mtd->writesize > SM_SECTOR_SIZE)
 630		return -ENODEV;
 631
 632	if (ftl->smallpagenand && mtd->oobsize < SM_SMALL_OOB_SIZE)
 633		return -ENODEV;
 634
 635	if (!ftl->smallpagenand && mtd->oobsize < SM_OOB_SIZE)
 636		return -ENODEV;
 637
 638	/* We use OOB */
 639	if (!mtd_has_oob(mtd))
 640		return -ENODEV;
 641
 642	/* Find geometry information */
 643	for (i = 0 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE(chs_table) ; i++) {
 644		if (chs_table[i].size == size_in_megs) {
 645			ftl->cylinders = chs_table[i].cyl;
 646			ftl->heads = chs_table[i].head;
 647			ftl->sectors = chs_table[i].sec;
 648			return 0;
 649		}
 650	}
 651
 652	sm_printk("media has unknown size : %dMiB", size_in_megs);
 653	ftl->cylinders = 985;
 654	ftl->heads =  33;
 655	ftl->sectors = 63;
 656	return 0;
 657}
 658
 659/* Validate the CIS */
 660static int sm_read_cis(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 661{
 662	struct sm_oob oob;
 663
 664	if (sm_read_sector(ftl,
 665		0, ftl->cis_block, ftl->cis_boffset, ftl->cis_buffer, &oob))
 666			return -EIO;
 667
 668	if (!sm_sector_valid(&oob) || !sm_block_valid(&oob))
 669		return -EIO;
 670
 671	if (!memcmp(ftl->cis_buffer + ftl->cis_page_offset,
 672			cis_signature, sizeof(cis_signature))) {
 673		return 0;
 674	}
 675
 676	return -EIO;
 677}
 678
 679/* Scan the media for the CIS */
 680static int sm_find_cis(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 681{
 682	struct sm_oob oob;
 683	int block, boffset;
 684	int block_found = 0;
 685	int cis_found = 0;
 686
 687	/* Search for first valid block */
 688	for (block = 0 ; block < ftl->zone_size - ftl->max_lba ; block++) {
 689
 690		if (sm_read_sector(ftl, 0, block, 0, NULL, &oob))
 691			continue;
 692
 693		if (!sm_block_valid(&oob))
 694			continue;
 695		block_found = 1;
 696		break;
 697	}
 698
 699	if (!block_found)
 700		return -EIO;
 701
 702	/* Search for first valid sector in this block */
 703	for (boffset = 0 ; boffset < ftl->block_size;
 704						boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
 705
 706		if (sm_read_sector(ftl, 0, block, boffset, NULL, &oob))
 707			continue;
 708
 709		if (!sm_sector_valid(&oob))
 710			continue;
 711		break;
 712	}
 713
 714	if (boffset == ftl->block_size)
 715		return -EIO;
 716
 717	ftl->cis_block = block;
 718	ftl->cis_boffset = boffset;
 719	ftl->cis_page_offset = 0;
 720
 721	cis_found = !sm_read_cis(ftl);
 722
 723	if (!cis_found) {
 724		ftl->cis_page_offset = SM_SMALL_PAGE;
 725		cis_found = !sm_read_cis(ftl);
 726	}
 727
 728	if (cis_found) {
 729		dbg("CIS block found at offset %x",
 730			block * ftl->block_size +
 731				boffset + ftl->cis_page_offset);
 732		return 0;
 733	}
 734	return -EIO;
 735}
 736
 737/* Basic test to determine if underlying mtd device if functional */
 738static int sm_recheck_media(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 739{
 740	if (sm_read_cis(ftl)) {
 741
 742		if (!ftl->unstable) {
 743			sm_printk("media unstable, not allowing writes");
 744			ftl->unstable = 1;
 745		}
 746		return -EIO;
 747	}
 748	return 0;
 749}
 750
 751/* Initialize a FTL zone */
 752static int sm_init_zone(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num)
 753{
 754	struct ftl_zone *zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
 755	struct sm_oob oob;
 756	uint16_t block;
 757	int lba;
 758	int i = 0;
 759	int len;
 760
 761	dbg("initializing zone %d", zone_num);
 762
 763	/* Allocate memory for FTL table */
 764	zone->lba_to_phys_table = kmalloc_array(ftl->max_lba, 2, GFP_KERNEL);
 765
 766	if (!zone->lba_to_phys_table)
 767		return -ENOMEM;
 768	memset(zone->lba_to_phys_table, -1, ftl->max_lba * 2);
 769
 770
 771	/* Allocate memory for free sectors FIFO */
 772	if (kfifo_alloc(&zone->free_sectors, ftl->zone_size * 2, GFP_KERNEL)) {
 773		kfree(zone->lba_to_phys_table);
 774		return -ENOMEM;
 775	}
 776
 777	/* Now scan the zone */
 778	for (block = 0 ; block < ftl->zone_size ; block++) {
 779
 780		/* Skip blocks till the CIS (including) */
 781		if (zone_num == 0 && block <= ftl->cis_block)
 782			continue;
 783
 784		/* Read the oob of first sector */
 785		if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone_num, block, 0, NULL, &oob)) {
 786			kfifo_free(&zone->free_sectors);
 787			kfree(zone->lba_to_phys_table);
 788			return -EIO;
 789		}
 790
 791		/* Test to see if block is erased. It is enough to test
 792		 * first sector, because erase happens in one shot
 793		 */
 794		if (sm_block_erased(&oob)) {
 795			kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors,
 796				(unsigned char *)&block, 2);
 797			continue;
 798		}
 799
 800		/* If block is marked as bad, skip it */
 801		/* This assumes we can trust first sector*/
 802		/* However the way the block valid status is defined, ensures
 803		 * very low probability of failure here
 804		 */
 805		if (!sm_block_valid(&oob)) {
 806			dbg("PH %04d <-> <marked bad>", block);
 807			continue;
 808		}
 809
 810
 811		lba = sm_read_lba(&oob);
 812
 813		/* Invalid LBA means that block is damaged. */
 814		/* We can try to erase it, or mark it as bad, but
 815		 * lets leave that to recovery application
 816		 */
 817		if (lba == -2 || lba >= ftl->max_lba) {
 818			dbg("PH %04d <-> LBA %04d(bad)", block, lba);
 819			continue;
 820		}
 821
 822
 823		/* If there is no collision,
 824		 * just put the sector in the FTL table
 825		 */
 826		if (zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] < 0) {
 827			dbg_verbose("PH %04d <-> LBA %04d", block, lba);
 828			zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] = block;
 829			continue;
 830		}
 831
 832		sm_printk("collision"
 833			" of LBA %d between blocks %d and %d in zone %d",
 834			lba, zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba], block, zone_num);
 835
 836		/* Test that this block is valid*/
 837		if (sm_check_block(ftl, zone_num, block))
 838			continue;
 839
 840		/* Test now the old block */
 841		if (sm_check_block(ftl, zone_num,
 842					zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba])) {
 843			zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] = block;
 844			continue;
 845		}
 846
 847		/* If both blocks are valid and share same LBA, it means that
 848		 * they hold different versions of same data. It not
 849		 * known which is more recent, thus just erase one of them
 850		 */
 851		sm_printk("both blocks are valid, erasing the later");
 852		sm_erase_block(ftl, zone_num, block, 1);
 853	}
 854
 855	dbg("zone initialized");
 856	zone->initialized = 1;
 857
 858	/* No free sectors, means that the zone is heavily damaged, write won't
 859	 * work, but it can still can be (partially) read
 860	 */
 861	if (!kfifo_len(&zone->free_sectors)) {
 862		sm_printk("no free blocks in zone %d", zone_num);
 863		return 0;
 864	}
 865
 866	/* Randomize first block we write to */
 867	get_random_bytes(&i, 2);
 868	i %= (kfifo_len(&zone->free_sectors) / 2);
 869
 870	while (i--) {
 871		len = kfifo_out(&zone->free_sectors,
 872					(unsigned char *)&block, 2);
 873		WARN_ON(len != 2);
 874		kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors, (const unsigned char *)&block, 2);
 875	}
 876	return 0;
 877}
 878
 879/* Get and automatically initialize an FTL mapping for one zone */
 880static struct ftl_zone *sm_get_zone(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num)
 881{
 882	struct ftl_zone *zone;
 883	int error;
 884
 885	BUG_ON(zone_num >= ftl->zone_count);
 886	zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
 887
 888	if (!zone->initialized) {
 889		error = sm_init_zone(ftl, zone_num);
 890
 891		if (error)
 892			return ERR_PTR(error);
 893	}
 894	return zone;
 895}
 896
 897
 898/* ----------------- cache handling ------------------------------------------*/
 899
 900/* Initialize the one block cache */
 901static void sm_cache_init(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 902{
 903	ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap = 0xFFFFFFFF;
 904	ftl->cache_clean = 1;
 905	ftl->cache_zone = -1;
 906	ftl->cache_block = -1;
 907	/*memset(ftl->cache_data, 0xAA, ftl->block_size);*/
 908}
 909
 910/* Put sector in one block cache */
 911static void sm_cache_put(struct sm_ftl *ftl, char *buffer, int boffset)
 912{
 913	memcpy(ftl->cache_data + boffset, buffer, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 914	clear_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, &ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap);
 915	ftl->cache_clean = 0;
 916}
 917
 918/* Read a sector from the cache */
 919static int sm_cache_get(struct sm_ftl *ftl, char *buffer, int boffset)
 920{
 921	if (test_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
 922		&ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap))
 923			return -1;
 924
 925	memcpy(buffer, ftl->cache_data + boffset, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 926	return 0;
 927}
 928
 929/* Write the cache to hardware */
 930static int sm_cache_flush(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 931{
 932	struct ftl_zone *zone;
 933
 934	int sector_num;
 935	uint16_t write_sector;
 936	int zone_num = ftl->cache_zone;
 937	int block_num;
 938
 939	if (ftl->cache_clean)
 940		return 0;
 941
 942	if (ftl->unstable)
 943		return -EIO;
 944
 945	BUG_ON(zone_num < 0);
 946	zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
 947	block_num = zone->lba_to_phys_table[ftl->cache_block];
 948
 949
 950	/* Try to read all unread areas of the cache block*/
 951	for_each_set_bit(sector_num, &ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap,
 952		ftl->block_size / SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
 953
 954		if (!sm_read_sector(ftl,
 955			zone_num, block_num, sector_num * SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
 956			ftl->cache_data + sector_num * SM_SECTOR_SIZE, NULL))
 957				clear_bit(sector_num,
 958					&ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap);
 959	}
 960restart:
 961
 962	if (ftl->unstable)
 963		return -EIO;
 964
 965	/* If there are no spare blocks, */
 966	/* we could still continue by erasing/writing the current block,
 967	 * but for such worn out media it doesn't worth the trouble,
 968	 * and the dangers
 969	 */
 970	if (kfifo_out(&zone->free_sectors,
 971				(unsigned char *)&write_sector, 2) != 2) {
 972		dbg("no free sectors for write!");
 973		return -EIO;
 974	}
 975
 976
 977	if (sm_write_block(ftl, ftl->cache_data, zone_num, write_sector,
 978		ftl->cache_block, ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap))
 979			goto restart;
 980
 981	/* Update the FTL table */
 982	zone->lba_to_phys_table[ftl->cache_block] = write_sector;
 983
 984	/* Write successful, so erase and free the old block */
 985	if (block_num > 0)
 986		sm_erase_block(ftl, zone_num, block_num, 1);
 987
 988	sm_cache_init(ftl);
 989	return 0;
 990}
 991
 992
 993/* flush timer, runs a second after last write */
 994static void sm_cache_flush_timer(struct timer_list *t)
 995{
 996	struct sm_ftl *ftl = from_timer(ftl, t, timer);
 997	queue_work(cache_flush_workqueue, &ftl->flush_work);
 998}
 999
1000/* cache flush work, kicked by timer */
1001static void sm_cache_flush_work(struct work_struct *work)
1002{
1003	struct sm_ftl *ftl = container_of(work, struct sm_ftl, flush_work);
1004	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1005	sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1006	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1007	return;
1008}
1009
1010/* ---------------- outside interface -------------------------------------- */
1011
1012/* outside interface: read a sector */
1013static int sm_read(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1014		   unsigned long sect_no, char *buf)
1015{
1016	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1017	struct ftl_zone *zone;
1018	int error = 0, in_cache = 0;
1019	int zone_num, block, boffset;
1020
1021	sm_break_offset(ftl, sect_no << 9, &zone_num, &block, &boffset);
1022	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1023
1024
1025	zone = sm_get_zone(ftl, zone_num);
1026	if (IS_ERR(zone)) {
1027		error = PTR_ERR(zone);
1028		goto unlock;
1029	}
1030
1031	/* Have to look at cache first */
1032	if (ftl->cache_zone == zone_num && ftl->cache_block == block) {
1033		in_cache = 1;
1034		if (!sm_cache_get(ftl, buf, boffset))
1035			goto unlock;
1036	}
1037
1038	/* Translate the block and return if doesn't exist in the table */
1039	block = zone->lba_to_phys_table[block];
1040
1041	if (block == -1) {
1042		memset(buf, 0xFF, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
1043		goto unlock;
1044	}
1045
1046	if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone_num, block, boffset, buf, NULL)) {
1047		error = -EIO;
1048		goto unlock;
1049	}
1050
1051	if (in_cache)
1052		sm_cache_put(ftl, buf, boffset);
1053unlock:
1054	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1055	return error;
1056}
1057
1058/* outside interface: write a sector */
1059static int sm_write(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1060				unsigned long sec_no, char *buf)
1061{
1062	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1063	struct ftl_zone *zone;
1064	int error = 0, zone_num, block, boffset;
1065
1066	BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
1067	sm_break_offset(ftl, sec_no << 9, &zone_num, &block, &boffset);
1068
1069	/* No need in flush thread running now */
1070	del_timer(&ftl->timer);
1071	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1072
1073	zone = sm_get_zone(ftl, zone_num);
1074	if (IS_ERR(zone)) {
1075		error = PTR_ERR(zone);
1076		goto unlock;
1077	}
1078
1079	/* If entry is not in cache, flush it */
1080	if (ftl->cache_block != block || ftl->cache_zone != zone_num) {
1081
1082		error = sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1083		if (error)
1084			goto unlock;
1085
1086		ftl->cache_block = block;
1087		ftl->cache_zone = zone_num;
1088	}
1089
1090	sm_cache_put(ftl, buf, boffset);
1091unlock:
1092	mod_timer(&ftl->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(cache_timeout));
1093	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1094	return error;
1095}
1096
1097/* outside interface: flush everything */
1098static int sm_flush(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1099{
1100	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1101	int retval;
1102
1103	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1104	retval =  sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1105	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1106	return retval;
1107}
1108
1109/* outside interface: device is released */
1110static void sm_release(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1111{
1112	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1113
 
1114	del_timer_sync(&ftl->timer);
1115	cancel_work_sync(&ftl->flush_work);
1116	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1117	sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1118	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1119}
1120
1121/* outside interface: get geometry */
1122static int sm_getgeo(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
1123{
1124	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1125	geo->heads = ftl->heads;
1126	geo->sectors = ftl->sectors;
1127	geo->cylinders = ftl->cylinders;
1128	return 0;
1129}
1130
1131/* external interface: main initialization function */
1132static void sm_add_mtd(struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr, struct mtd_info *mtd)
1133{
1134	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *trans;
1135	struct sm_ftl *ftl;
1136
1137	/* Allocate & initialize our private structure */
1138	ftl = kzalloc(sizeof(struct sm_ftl), GFP_KERNEL);
1139	if (!ftl)
1140		goto error1;
1141
1142
1143	mutex_init(&ftl->mutex);
1144	timer_setup(&ftl->timer, sm_cache_flush_timer, 0);
1145	INIT_WORK(&ftl->flush_work, sm_cache_flush_work);
1146
1147	/* Read media information */
1148	if (sm_get_media_info(ftl, mtd)) {
1149		dbg("found unsupported mtd device, aborting");
1150		goto error2;
1151	}
1152
1153
1154	/* Allocate temporary CIS buffer for read retry support */
1155	ftl->cis_buffer = kzalloc(SM_SECTOR_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
1156	if (!ftl->cis_buffer)
1157		goto error2;
1158
1159	/* Allocate zone array, it will be initialized on demand */
1160	ftl->zones = kcalloc(ftl->zone_count, sizeof(struct ftl_zone),
1161								GFP_KERNEL);
1162	if (!ftl->zones)
1163		goto error3;
1164
1165	/* Allocate the cache*/
1166	ftl->cache_data = kzalloc(ftl->block_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1167
1168	if (!ftl->cache_data)
1169		goto error4;
1170
1171	sm_cache_init(ftl);
1172
1173
1174	/* Allocate upper layer structure and initialize it */
1175	trans = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mtd_blktrans_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
1176	if (!trans)
1177		goto error5;
1178
1179	ftl->trans = trans;
1180	trans->priv = ftl;
1181
1182	trans->tr = tr;
1183	trans->mtd = mtd;
1184	trans->devnum = -1;
1185	trans->size = (ftl->block_size * ftl->max_lba * ftl->zone_count) >> 9;
1186	trans->readonly = ftl->readonly;
1187
1188	if (sm_find_cis(ftl)) {
1189		dbg("CIS not found on mtd device, aborting");
1190		goto error6;
1191	}
1192
1193	ftl->disk_attributes = sm_create_sysfs_attributes(ftl);
1194	if (!ftl->disk_attributes)
1195		goto error6;
1196	trans->disk_attributes = ftl->disk_attributes;
1197
1198	sm_printk("Found %d MiB xD/SmartMedia FTL on mtd%d",
1199		(int)(mtd->size / (1024 * 1024)), mtd->index);
1200
1201	dbg("FTL layout:");
1202	dbg("%d zone(s), each consists of %d blocks (+%d spares)",
1203		ftl->zone_count, ftl->max_lba,
1204		ftl->zone_size - ftl->max_lba);
1205	dbg("each block consists of %d bytes",
1206		ftl->block_size);
1207
1208
1209	/* Register device*/
1210	if (add_mtd_blktrans_dev(trans)) {
1211		dbg("error in mtdblktrans layer");
1212		goto error6;
1213	}
1214	return;
1215error6:
1216	kfree(trans);
1217error5:
1218	kfree(ftl->cache_data);
1219error4:
1220	kfree(ftl->zones);
1221error3:
1222	kfree(ftl->cis_buffer);
1223error2:
1224	kfree(ftl);
1225error1:
1226	return;
1227}
1228
1229/* main interface: device {surprise,} removal */
1230static void sm_remove_dev(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1231{
1232	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1233	int i;
1234
1235	del_mtd_blktrans_dev(dev);
1236	ftl->trans = NULL;
1237
1238	for (i = 0 ; i < ftl->zone_count; i++) {
1239
1240		if (!ftl->zones[i].initialized)
1241			continue;
1242
1243		kfree(ftl->zones[i].lba_to_phys_table);
1244		kfifo_free(&ftl->zones[i].free_sectors);
1245	}
1246
1247	sm_delete_sysfs_attributes(ftl);
1248	kfree(ftl->cis_buffer);
1249	kfree(ftl->zones);
1250	kfree(ftl->cache_data);
1251	kfree(ftl);
1252}
1253
1254static struct mtd_blktrans_ops sm_ftl_ops = {
1255	.name		= "smblk",
1256	.major		= 0,
1257	.part_bits	= SM_FTL_PARTN_BITS,
1258	.blksize	= SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
1259	.getgeo		= sm_getgeo,
1260
1261	.add_mtd	= sm_add_mtd,
1262	.remove_dev	= sm_remove_dev,
1263
1264	.readsect	= sm_read,
1265	.writesect	= sm_write,
1266
1267	.flush		= sm_flush,
1268	.release	= sm_release,
1269
1270	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
1271};
1272
1273static __init int sm_module_init(void)
1274{
1275	int error = 0;
1276
1277	cache_flush_workqueue = create_freezable_workqueue("smflush");
1278	if (!cache_flush_workqueue)
1279		return -ENOMEM;
1280
1281	error = register_mtd_blktrans(&sm_ftl_ops);
1282	if (error)
1283		destroy_workqueue(cache_flush_workqueue);
1284	return error;
1285
1286}
1287
1288static void __exit sm_module_exit(void)
1289{
1290	destroy_workqueue(cache_flush_workqueue);
1291	deregister_mtd_blktrans(&sm_ftl_ops);
1292}
1293
1294module_init(sm_module_init);
1295module_exit(sm_module_exit);
1296
1297MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1298MODULE_AUTHOR("Maxim Levitsky <maximlevitsky@gmail.com>");
1299MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Smartmedia/xD mtd translation layer");
v5.4
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2/*
   3 * Copyright © 2009 - Maxim Levitsky
   4 * SmartMedia/xD translation layer
   5 */
   6
   7#include <linux/kernel.h>
   8#include <linux/module.h>
   9#include <linux/random.h>
  10#include <linux/hdreg.h>
  11#include <linux/kthread.h>
  12#include <linux/freezer.h>
  13#include <linux/sysfs.h>
  14#include <linux/bitops.h>
  15#include <linux/slab.h>
  16#include <linux/mtd/nand_ecc.h>
  17#include "nand/raw/sm_common.h"
  18#include "sm_ftl.h"
  19
  20
  21
  22static struct workqueue_struct *cache_flush_workqueue;
  23
  24static int cache_timeout = 1000;
  25module_param(cache_timeout, int, S_IRUGO);
  26MODULE_PARM_DESC(cache_timeout,
  27	"Timeout (in ms) for cache flush (1000 ms default");
  28
  29static int debug;
  30module_param(debug, int, S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR);
  31MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug, "Debug level (0-2)");
  32
  33
  34/* ------------------- sysfs attributes ---------------------------------- */
  35struct sm_sysfs_attribute {
  36	struct device_attribute dev_attr;
  37	char *data;
  38	int len;
  39};
  40
  41static ssize_t sm_attr_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
  42		     char *buf)
  43{
  44	struct sm_sysfs_attribute *sm_attr =
  45		container_of(attr, struct sm_sysfs_attribute, dev_attr);
  46
  47	strncpy(buf, sm_attr->data, sm_attr->len);
  48	return sm_attr->len;
  49}
  50
  51
  52#define NUM_ATTRIBUTES 1
  53#define SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET 0x59
  54static struct attribute_group *sm_create_sysfs_attributes(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
  55{
  56	struct attribute_group *attr_group;
  57	struct attribute **attributes;
  58	struct sm_sysfs_attribute *vendor_attribute;
  59	char *vendor;
  60
  61	vendor = kstrndup(ftl->cis_buffer + SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET,
  62			  SM_SMALL_PAGE - SM_CIS_VENDOR_OFFSET, GFP_KERNEL);
  63	if (!vendor)
  64		goto error1;
  65
  66	/* Initialize sysfs attributes */
  67	vendor_attribute =
  68		kzalloc(sizeof(struct sm_sysfs_attribute), GFP_KERNEL);
  69	if (!vendor_attribute)
  70		goto error2;
  71
  72	sysfs_attr_init(&vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr);
  73
  74	vendor_attribute->data = vendor;
  75	vendor_attribute->len = strlen(vendor);
  76	vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr.name = "vendor";
  77	vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr.mode = S_IRUGO;
  78	vendor_attribute->dev_attr.show = sm_attr_show;
  79
  80
  81	/* Create array of pointers to the attributes */
  82	attributes = kcalloc(NUM_ATTRIBUTES + 1, sizeof(struct attribute *),
  83								GFP_KERNEL);
  84	if (!attributes)
  85		goto error3;
  86	attributes[0] = &vendor_attribute->dev_attr.attr;
  87
  88	/* Finally create the attribute group */
  89	attr_group = kzalloc(sizeof(struct attribute_group), GFP_KERNEL);
  90	if (!attr_group)
  91		goto error4;
  92	attr_group->attrs = attributes;
  93	return attr_group;
  94error4:
  95	kfree(attributes);
  96error3:
  97	kfree(vendor_attribute);
  98error2:
  99	kfree(vendor);
 100error1:
 101	return NULL;
 102}
 103
 104static void sm_delete_sysfs_attributes(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 105{
 106	struct attribute **attributes = ftl->disk_attributes->attrs;
 107	int i;
 108
 109	for (i = 0; attributes[i] ; i++) {
 110
 111		struct device_attribute *dev_attr = container_of(attributes[i],
 112			struct device_attribute, attr);
 113
 114		struct sm_sysfs_attribute *sm_attr =
 115			container_of(dev_attr,
 116				struct sm_sysfs_attribute, dev_attr);
 117
 118		kfree(sm_attr->data);
 119		kfree(sm_attr);
 120	}
 121
 122	kfree(ftl->disk_attributes->attrs);
 123	kfree(ftl->disk_attributes);
 124}
 125
 126
 127/* ----------------------- oob helpers -------------------------------------- */
 128
 129static int sm_get_lba(uint8_t *lba)
 130{
 131	/* check fixed bits */
 132	if ((lba[0] & 0xF8) != 0x10)
 133		return -2;
 134
 135	/* check parity - endianness doesn't matter */
 136	if (hweight16(*(uint16_t *)lba) & 1)
 137		return -2;
 138
 139	return (lba[1] >> 1) | ((lba[0] & 0x07) << 7);
 140}
 141
 142
 143/*
 144 * Read LBA associated with block
 145 * returns -1, if block is erased
 146 * returns -2 if error happens
 147 */
 148static int sm_read_lba(struct sm_oob *oob)
 149{
 150	static const uint32_t erased_pattern[4] = {
 151		0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF, 0xFFFFFFFF };
 152
 153	uint16_t lba_test;
 154	int lba;
 155
 156	/* First test for erased block */
 157	if (!memcmp(oob, erased_pattern, SM_OOB_SIZE))
 158		return -1;
 159
 160	/* Now check is both copies of the LBA differ too much */
 161	lba_test = *(uint16_t *)oob->lba_copy1 ^ *(uint16_t*)oob->lba_copy2;
 162	if (lba_test && !is_power_of_2(lba_test))
 163		return -2;
 164
 165	/* And read it */
 166	lba = sm_get_lba(oob->lba_copy1);
 167
 168	if (lba == -2)
 169		lba = sm_get_lba(oob->lba_copy2);
 170
 171	return lba;
 172}
 173
 174static void sm_write_lba(struct sm_oob *oob, uint16_t lba)
 175{
 176	uint8_t tmp[2];
 177
 178	WARN_ON(lba >= 1000);
 179
 180	tmp[0] = 0x10 | ((lba >> 7) & 0x07);
 181	tmp[1] = (lba << 1) & 0xFF;
 182
 183	if (hweight16(*(uint16_t *)tmp) & 0x01)
 184		tmp[1] |= 1;
 185
 186	oob->lba_copy1[0] = oob->lba_copy2[0] = tmp[0];
 187	oob->lba_copy1[1] = oob->lba_copy2[1] = tmp[1];
 188}
 189
 190
 191/* Make offset from parts */
 192static loff_t sm_mkoffset(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block, int boffset)
 193{
 194	WARN_ON(boffset & (SM_SECTOR_SIZE - 1));
 195	WARN_ON(zone < 0 || zone >= ftl->zone_count);
 196	WARN_ON(block >= ftl->zone_size);
 197	WARN_ON(boffset >= ftl->block_size);
 198
 199	if (block == -1)
 200		return -1;
 201
 202	return (zone * SM_MAX_ZONE_SIZE + block) * ftl->block_size + boffset;
 203}
 204
 205/* Breaks offset into parts */
 206static void sm_break_offset(struct sm_ftl *ftl, loff_t loffset,
 207			    int *zone, int *block, int *boffset)
 208{
 209	u64 offset = loffset;
 210	*boffset = do_div(offset, ftl->block_size);
 211	*block = do_div(offset, ftl->max_lba);
 212	*zone = offset >= ftl->zone_count ? -1 : offset;
 213}
 214
 215/* ---------------------- low level IO ------------------------------------- */
 216
 217static int sm_correct_sector(uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
 218{
 
 219	uint8_t ecc[3];
 220
 221	__nand_calculate_ecc(buffer, SM_SMALL_PAGE, ecc,
 222			     IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_SW_HAMMING_SMC));
 223	if (__nand_correct_data(buffer, ecc, oob->ecc1, SM_SMALL_PAGE,
 224				IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_SW_HAMMING_SMC)) < 0)
 225		return -EIO;
 226
 227	buffer += SM_SMALL_PAGE;
 228
 229	__nand_calculate_ecc(buffer, SM_SMALL_PAGE, ecc,
 230			     IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_SW_HAMMING_SMC));
 231	if (__nand_correct_data(buffer, ecc, oob->ecc2, SM_SMALL_PAGE,
 232				IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_SW_HAMMING_SMC)) < 0)
 233		return -EIO;
 234	return 0;
 235}
 236
 237/* Reads a sector + oob*/
 238static int sm_read_sector(struct sm_ftl *ftl,
 239			  int zone, int block, int boffset,
 240			  uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
 241{
 242	struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
 243	struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
 244	struct sm_oob tmp_oob;
 245	int ret = -EIO;
 246	int try = 0;
 247
 248	/* FTL can contain -1 entries that are by default filled with bits */
 249	if (block == -1) {
 250		memset(buffer, 0xFF, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 
 251		return 0;
 252	}
 253
 254	/* User might not need the oob, but we do for data verification */
 255	if (!oob)
 256		oob = &tmp_oob;
 257
 258	ops.mode = ftl->smallpagenand ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
 259	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 260	ops.ooblen = SM_OOB_SIZE;
 261	ops.oobbuf = (void *)oob;
 262	ops.len = SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 263	ops.datbuf = buffer;
 264
 265again:
 266	if (try++) {
 267		/* Avoid infinite recursion on CIS reads, sm_recheck_media
 268			won't help anyway */
 
 269		if (zone == 0 && block == ftl->cis_block && boffset ==
 270			ftl->cis_boffset)
 271			return ret;
 272
 273		/* Test if media is stable */
 274		if (try == 3 || sm_recheck_media(ftl))
 275			return ret;
 276	}
 277
 278	/* Unfortunately, oob read will _always_ succeed,
 279		despite card removal..... */
 
 280	ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone, block, boffset), &ops);
 281
 282	/* Test for unknown errors */
 283	if (ret != 0 && !mtd_is_bitflip_or_eccerr(ret)) {
 284		dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed due to error (%d)",
 285			block, zone, ret);
 286		goto again;
 287	}
 288
 289	/* Do a basic test on the oob, to guard against returned garbage */
 290	if (oob->reserved != 0xFFFFFFFF && !is_power_of_2(~oob->reserved))
 291		goto again;
 292
 293	/* This should never happen, unless there is a bug in the mtd driver */
 294	WARN_ON(ops.oobretlen != SM_OOB_SIZE);
 295	WARN_ON(buffer && ops.retlen != SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 296
 297	if (!buffer)
 298		return 0;
 299
 300	/* Test if sector marked as bad */
 301	if (!sm_sector_valid(oob)) {
 302		dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed because it is marked"
 303			" as bad" , block, zone);
 304		goto again;
 305	}
 306
 307	/* Test ECC*/
 308	if (mtd_is_eccerr(ret) ||
 309		(ftl->smallpagenand && sm_correct_sector(buffer, oob))) {
 310
 311		dbg("read of block %d at zone %d, failed due to ECC error",
 312			block, zone);
 313		goto again;
 314	}
 315
 316	return 0;
 317}
 318
 319/* Writes a sector to media */
 320static int sm_write_sector(struct sm_ftl *ftl,
 321			   int zone, int block, int boffset,
 322			   uint8_t *buffer, struct sm_oob *oob)
 323{
 324	struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
 325	struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
 326	int ret;
 327
 328	BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
 329
 330	if (zone == 0 && (block == ftl->cis_block || block == 0)) {
 331		dbg("attempted to write the CIS!");
 332		return -EIO;
 333	}
 334
 335	if (ftl->unstable)
 336		return -EIO;
 337
 338	ops.mode = ftl->smallpagenand ? MTD_OPS_RAW : MTD_OPS_PLACE_OOB;
 339	ops.len = SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 340	ops.datbuf = buffer;
 341	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 342	ops.ooblen = SM_OOB_SIZE;
 343	ops.oobbuf = (void *)oob;
 344
 345	ret = mtd_write_oob(mtd, sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone, block, boffset), &ops);
 346
 347	/* Now we assume that hardware will catch write bitflip errors */
 348
 349	if (ret) {
 350		dbg("write to block %d at zone %d, failed with error %d",
 351			block, zone, ret);
 352
 353		sm_recheck_media(ftl);
 354		return ret;
 355	}
 356
 357	/* This should never happen, unless there is a bug in the driver */
 358	WARN_ON(ops.oobretlen != SM_OOB_SIZE);
 359	WARN_ON(buffer && ops.retlen != SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 360
 361	return 0;
 362}
 363
 364/* ------------------------ block IO ------------------------------------- */
 365
 366/* Write a block using data and lba, and invalid sector bitmap */
 367static int sm_write_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, uint8_t *buf,
 368			  int zone, int block, int lba,
 369			  unsigned long invalid_bitmap)
 370{
 
 371	struct sm_oob oob;
 372	int boffset;
 373	int retry = 0;
 374
 375	/* Initialize the oob with requested values */
 376	memset(&oob, 0xFF, SM_OOB_SIZE);
 377	sm_write_lba(&oob, lba);
 378restart:
 379	if (ftl->unstable)
 380		return -EIO;
 381
 382	for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size;
 383				boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
 384
 385		oob.data_status = 0xFF;
 386
 387		if (test_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, &invalid_bitmap)) {
 388
 389			sm_printk("sector %d of block at LBA %d of zone %d"
 390				" couldn't be read, marking it as invalid",
 391				boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, lba, zone);
 392
 393			oob.data_status = 0;
 394		}
 395
 396		if (ftl->smallpagenand) {
 397			__nand_calculate_ecc(buf + boffset, SM_SMALL_PAGE,
 398					oob.ecc1,
 399					IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_SW_HAMMING_SMC));
 400
 401			__nand_calculate_ecc(buf + boffset + SM_SMALL_PAGE,
 402					SM_SMALL_PAGE, oob.ecc2,
 403					IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ECC_SW_HAMMING_SMC));
 404		}
 405		if (!sm_write_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset,
 406							buf + boffset, &oob))
 407			continue;
 408
 409		if (!retry) {
 410
 411			/* If write fails. try to erase the block */
 412			/* This is safe, because we never write in blocks
 413				that contain valuable data.
 414			This is intended to repair block that are marked
 415			as erased, but that isn't fully erased*/
 
 416
 417			if (sm_erase_block(ftl, zone, block, 0))
 418				return -EIO;
 419
 420			retry = 1;
 421			goto restart;
 422		} else {
 423			sm_mark_block_bad(ftl, zone, block);
 424			return -EIO;
 425		}
 426	}
 427	return 0;
 428}
 429
 430
 431/* Mark whole block at offset 'offs' as bad. */
 432static void sm_mark_block_bad(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block)
 433{
 434	struct sm_oob oob;
 435	int boffset;
 436
 437	memset(&oob, 0xFF, SM_OOB_SIZE);
 438	oob.block_status = 0xF0;
 439
 440	if (ftl->unstable)
 441		return;
 442
 443	if (sm_recheck_media(ftl))
 444		return;
 445
 446	sm_printk("marking block %d of zone %d as bad", block, zone);
 447
 448	/* We aren't checking the return value, because we don't care */
 449	/* This also fails on fake xD cards, but I guess these won't expose
 450		any bad blocks till fail completely */
 
 451	for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size; boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE)
 452		sm_write_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset, NULL, &oob);
 453}
 454
 455/*
 456 * Erase a block within a zone
 457 * If erase succeeds, it updates free block fifo, otherwise marks block as bad
 458 */
 459static int sm_erase_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num, uint16_t block,
 460			  int put_free)
 461{
 462	struct ftl_zone *zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
 463	struct mtd_info *mtd = ftl->trans->mtd;
 464	struct erase_info erase;
 465
 466	erase.addr = sm_mkoffset(ftl, zone_num, block, 0);
 467	erase.len = ftl->block_size;
 468
 469	if (ftl->unstable)
 470		return -EIO;
 471
 472	BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
 473
 474	if (zone_num == 0 && (block == ftl->cis_block || block == 0)) {
 475		sm_printk("attempted to erase the CIS!");
 476		return -EIO;
 477	}
 478
 479	if (mtd_erase(mtd, &erase)) {
 480		sm_printk("erase of block %d in zone %d failed",
 481							block, zone_num);
 482		goto error;
 483	}
 484
 485	if (put_free)
 486		kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors,
 487			(const unsigned char *)&block, sizeof(block));
 488
 489	return 0;
 490error:
 491	sm_mark_block_bad(ftl, zone_num, block);
 492	return -EIO;
 493}
 494
 495/* Thoroughly test that block is valid. */
 496static int sm_check_block(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone, int block)
 497{
 498	int boffset;
 499	struct sm_oob oob;
 500	int lbas[] = { -3, 0, 0, 0 };
 501	int i = 0;
 502	int test_lba;
 503
 504
 505	/* First just check that block doesn't look fishy */
 506	/* Only blocks that are valid or are sliced in two parts, are
 507		accepted */
 
 508	for (boffset = 0; boffset < ftl->block_size;
 509					boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
 510
 511		/* This shouldn't happen anyway */
 512		if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone, block, boffset, NULL, &oob))
 513			return -2;
 514
 515		test_lba = sm_read_lba(&oob);
 516
 517		if (lbas[i] != test_lba)
 518			lbas[++i] = test_lba;
 519
 520		/* If we found three different LBAs, something is fishy */
 521		if (i == 3)
 522			return -EIO;
 523	}
 524
 525	/* If the block is sliced (partially erased usually) erase it */
 526	if (i == 2) {
 527		sm_erase_block(ftl, zone, block, 1);
 528		return 1;
 529	}
 530
 531	return 0;
 532}
 533
 534/* ----------------- media scanning --------------------------------- */
 535static const struct chs_entry chs_table[] = {
 536	{ 1,    125,  4,  4  },
 537	{ 2,    125,  4,  8  },
 538	{ 4,    250,  4,  8  },
 539	{ 8,    250,  4,  16 },
 540	{ 16,   500,  4,  16 },
 541	{ 32,   500,  8,  16 },
 542	{ 64,   500,  8,  32 },
 543	{ 128,  500,  16, 32 },
 544	{ 256,  1000, 16, 32 },
 545	{ 512,  1015, 32, 63 },
 546	{ 1024, 985,  33, 63 },
 547	{ 2048, 985,  33, 63 },
 548	{ 0 },
 549};
 550
 551
 552static const uint8_t cis_signature[] = {
 553	0x01, 0x03, 0xD9, 0x01, 0xFF, 0x18, 0x02, 0xDF, 0x01, 0x20
 554};
 555/* Find out media parameters.
 556 * This ideally has to be based on nand id, but for now device size is enough */
 
 557static int sm_get_media_info(struct sm_ftl *ftl, struct mtd_info *mtd)
 558{
 559	int i;
 560	int size_in_megs = mtd->size / (1024 * 1024);
 561
 562	ftl->readonly = mtd->type == MTD_ROM;
 563
 564	/* Manual settings for very old devices */
 565	ftl->zone_count = 1;
 566	ftl->smallpagenand = 0;
 567
 568	switch (size_in_megs) {
 569	case 1:
 570		/* 1 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia card (256 byte pages)*/
 571		ftl->zone_size = 256;
 572		ftl->max_lba = 250;
 573		ftl->block_size = 8 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 574		ftl->smallpagenand = 1;
 575
 576		break;
 577	case 2:
 578		/* 2 MiB flash SmartMedia (256 byte pages)*/
 579		if (mtd->writesize == SM_SMALL_PAGE) {
 580			ftl->zone_size = 512;
 581			ftl->max_lba = 500;
 582			ftl->block_size = 8 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 583			ftl->smallpagenand = 1;
 584		/* 2 MiB rom SmartMedia */
 585		} else {
 586
 587			if (!ftl->readonly)
 588				return -ENODEV;
 589
 590			ftl->zone_size = 256;
 591			ftl->max_lba = 250;
 592			ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 593		}
 594		break;
 595	case 4:
 596		/* 4 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia device */
 597		ftl->zone_size = 512;
 598		ftl->max_lba = 500;
 599		ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 600		break;
 601	case 8:
 602		/* 8 MiB flash/rom SmartMedia device */
 603		ftl->zone_size = 1024;
 604		ftl->max_lba = 1000;
 605		ftl->block_size = 16 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 606	}
 607
 608	/* Minimum xD size is 16MiB. Also, all xD cards have standard zone
 609	   sizes. SmartMedia cards exist up to 128 MiB and have same layout*/
 
 610	if (size_in_megs >= 16) {
 611		ftl->zone_count = size_in_megs / 16;
 612		ftl->zone_size = 1024;
 613		ftl->max_lba = 1000;
 614		ftl->block_size = 32 * SM_SECTOR_SIZE;
 615	}
 616
 617	/* Test for proper write,erase and oob sizes */
 618	if (mtd->erasesize > ftl->block_size)
 619		return -ENODEV;
 620
 621	if (mtd->writesize > SM_SECTOR_SIZE)
 622		return -ENODEV;
 623
 624	if (ftl->smallpagenand && mtd->oobsize < SM_SMALL_OOB_SIZE)
 625		return -ENODEV;
 626
 627	if (!ftl->smallpagenand && mtd->oobsize < SM_OOB_SIZE)
 628		return -ENODEV;
 629
 630	/* We use OOB */
 631	if (!mtd_has_oob(mtd))
 632		return -ENODEV;
 633
 634	/* Find geometry information */
 635	for (i = 0 ; i < ARRAY_SIZE(chs_table) ; i++) {
 636		if (chs_table[i].size == size_in_megs) {
 637			ftl->cylinders = chs_table[i].cyl;
 638			ftl->heads = chs_table[i].head;
 639			ftl->sectors = chs_table[i].sec;
 640			return 0;
 641		}
 642	}
 643
 644	sm_printk("media has unknown size : %dMiB", size_in_megs);
 645	ftl->cylinders = 985;
 646	ftl->heads =  33;
 647	ftl->sectors = 63;
 648	return 0;
 649}
 650
 651/* Validate the CIS */
 652static int sm_read_cis(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 653{
 654	struct sm_oob oob;
 655
 656	if (sm_read_sector(ftl,
 657		0, ftl->cis_block, ftl->cis_boffset, ftl->cis_buffer, &oob))
 658			return -EIO;
 659
 660	if (!sm_sector_valid(&oob) || !sm_block_valid(&oob))
 661		return -EIO;
 662
 663	if (!memcmp(ftl->cis_buffer + ftl->cis_page_offset,
 664			cis_signature, sizeof(cis_signature))) {
 665		return 0;
 666	}
 667
 668	return -EIO;
 669}
 670
 671/* Scan the media for the CIS */
 672static int sm_find_cis(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 673{
 674	struct sm_oob oob;
 675	int block, boffset;
 676	int block_found = 0;
 677	int cis_found = 0;
 678
 679	/* Search for first valid block */
 680	for (block = 0 ; block < ftl->zone_size - ftl->max_lba ; block++) {
 681
 682		if (sm_read_sector(ftl, 0, block, 0, NULL, &oob))
 683			continue;
 684
 685		if (!sm_block_valid(&oob))
 686			continue;
 687		block_found = 1;
 688		break;
 689	}
 690
 691	if (!block_found)
 692		return -EIO;
 693
 694	/* Search for first valid sector in this block */
 695	for (boffset = 0 ; boffset < ftl->block_size;
 696						boffset += SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
 697
 698		if (sm_read_sector(ftl, 0, block, boffset, NULL, &oob))
 699			continue;
 700
 701		if (!sm_sector_valid(&oob))
 702			continue;
 703		break;
 704	}
 705
 706	if (boffset == ftl->block_size)
 707		return -EIO;
 708
 709	ftl->cis_block = block;
 710	ftl->cis_boffset = boffset;
 711	ftl->cis_page_offset = 0;
 712
 713	cis_found = !sm_read_cis(ftl);
 714
 715	if (!cis_found) {
 716		ftl->cis_page_offset = SM_SMALL_PAGE;
 717		cis_found = !sm_read_cis(ftl);
 718	}
 719
 720	if (cis_found) {
 721		dbg("CIS block found at offset %x",
 722			block * ftl->block_size +
 723				boffset + ftl->cis_page_offset);
 724		return 0;
 725	}
 726	return -EIO;
 727}
 728
 729/* Basic test to determine if underlying mtd device if functional */
 730static int sm_recheck_media(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 731{
 732	if (sm_read_cis(ftl)) {
 733
 734		if (!ftl->unstable) {
 735			sm_printk("media unstable, not allowing writes");
 736			ftl->unstable = 1;
 737		}
 738		return -EIO;
 739	}
 740	return 0;
 741}
 742
 743/* Initialize a FTL zone */
 744static int sm_init_zone(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num)
 745{
 746	struct ftl_zone *zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
 747	struct sm_oob oob;
 748	uint16_t block;
 749	int lba;
 750	int i = 0;
 751	int len;
 752
 753	dbg("initializing zone %d", zone_num);
 754
 755	/* Allocate memory for FTL table */
 756	zone->lba_to_phys_table = kmalloc_array(ftl->max_lba, 2, GFP_KERNEL);
 757
 758	if (!zone->lba_to_phys_table)
 759		return -ENOMEM;
 760	memset(zone->lba_to_phys_table, -1, ftl->max_lba * 2);
 761
 762
 763	/* Allocate memory for free sectors FIFO */
 764	if (kfifo_alloc(&zone->free_sectors, ftl->zone_size * 2, GFP_KERNEL)) {
 765		kfree(zone->lba_to_phys_table);
 766		return -ENOMEM;
 767	}
 768
 769	/* Now scan the zone */
 770	for (block = 0 ; block < ftl->zone_size ; block++) {
 771
 772		/* Skip blocks till the CIS (including) */
 773		if (zone_num == 0 && block <= ftl->cis_block)
 774			continue;
 775
 776		/* Read the oob of first sector */
 777		if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone_num, block, 0, NULL, &oob)) {
 778			kfifo_free(&zone->free_sectors);
 779			kfree(zone->lba_to_phys_table);
 780			return -EIO;
 781		}
 782
 783		/* Test to see if block is erased. It is enough to test
 784			first sector, because erase happens in one shot */
 
 785		if (sm_block_erased(&oob)) {
 786			kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors,
 787				(unsigned char *)&block, 2);
 788			continue;
 789		}
 790
 791		/* If block is marked as bad, skip it */
 792		/* This assumes we can trust first sector*/
 793		/* However the way the block valid status is defined, ensures
 794			very low probability of failure here */
 
 795		if (!sm_block_valid(&oob)) {
 796			dbg("PH %04d <-> <marked bad>", block);
 797			continue;
 798		}
 799
 800
 801		lba = sm_read_lba(&oob);
 802
 803		/* Invalid LBA means that block is damaged. */
 804		/* We can try to erase it, or mark it as bad, but
 805			lets leave that to recovery application */
 
 806		if (lba == -2 || lba >= ftl->max_lba) {
 807			dbg("PH %04d <-> LBA %04d(bad)", block, lba);
 808			continue;
 809		}
 810
 811
 812		/* If there is no collision,
 813			just put the sector in the FTL table */
 
 814		if (zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] < 0) {
 815			dbg_verbose("PH %04d <-> LBA %04d", block, lba);
 816			zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] = block;
 817			continue;
 818		}
 819
 820		sm_printk("collision"
 821			" of LBA %d between blocks %d and %d in zone %d",
 822			lba, zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba], block, zone_num);
 823
 824		/* Test that this block is valid*/
 825		if (sm_check_block(ftl, zone_num, block))
 826			continue;
 827
 828		/* Test now the old block */
 829		if (sm_check_block(ftl, zone_num,
 830					zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba])) {
 831			zone->lba_to_phys_table[lba] = block;
 832			continue;
 833		}
 834
 835		/* If both blocks are valid and share same LBA, it means that
 836			they hold different versions of same data. It not
 837			known which is more recent, thus just erase one of them
 838		*/
 839		sm_printk("both blocks are valid, erasing the later");
 840		sm_erase_block(ftl, zone_num, block, 1);
 841	}
 842
 843	dbg("zone initialized");
 844	zone->initialized = 1;
 845
 846	/* No free sectors, means that the zone is heavily damaged, write won't
 847		work, but it can still can be (partially) read */
 
 848	if (!kfifo_len(&zone->free_sectors)) {
 849		sm_printk("no free blocks in zone %d", zone_num);
 850		return 0;
 851	}
 852
 853	/* Randomize first block we write to */
 854	get_random_bytes(&i, 2);
 855	i %= (kfifo_len(&zone->free_sectors) / 2);
 856
 857	while (i--) {
 858		len = kfifo_out(&zone->free_sectors,
 859					(unsigned char *)&block, 2);
 860		WARN_ON(len != 2);
 861		kfifo_in(&zone->free_sectors, (const unsigned char *)&block, 2);
 862	}
 863	return 0;
 864}
 865
 866/* Get and automatically initialize an FTL mapping for one zone */
 867static struct ftl_zone *sm_get_zone(struct sm_ftl *ftl, int zone_num)
 868{
 869	struct ftl_zone *zone;
 870	int error;
 871
 872	BUG_ON(zone_num >= ftl->zone_count);
 873	zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
 874
 875	if (!zone->initialized) {
 876		error = sm_init_zone(ftl, zone_num);
 877
 878		if (error)
 879			return ERR_PTR(error);
 880	}
 881	return zone;
 882}
 883
 884
 885/* ----------------- cache handling ------------------------------------------*/
 886
 887/* Initialize the one block cache */
 888static void sm_cache_init(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 889{
 890	ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap = 0xFFFFFFFF;
 891	ftl->cache_clean = 1;
 892	ftl->cache_zone = -1;
 893	ftl->cache_block = -1;
 894	/*memset(ftl->cache_data, 0xAA, ftl->block_size);*/
 895}
 896
 897/* Put sector in one block cache */
 898static void sm_cache_put(struct sm_ftl *ftl, char *buffer, int boffset)
 899{
 900	memcpy(ftl->cache_data + boffset, buffer, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 901	clear_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE, &ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap);
 902	ftl->cache_clean = 0;
 903}
 904
 905/* Read a sector from the cache */
 906static int sm_cache_get(struct sm_ftl *ftl, char *buffer, int boffset)
 907{
 908	if (test_bit(boffset / SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
 909		&ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap))
 910			return -1;
 911
 912	memcpy(buffer, ftl->cache_data + boffset, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
 913	return 0;
 914}
 915
 916/* Write the cache to hardware */
 917static int sm_cache_flush(struct sm_ftl *ftl)
 918{
 919	struct ftl_zone *zone;
 920
 921	int sector_num;
 922	uint16_t write_sector;
 923	int zone_num = ftl->cache_zone;
 924	int block_num;
 925
 926	if (ftl->cache_clean)
 927		return 0;
 928
 929	if (ftl->unstable)
 930		return -EIO;
 931
 932	BUG_ON(zone_num < 0);
 933	zone = &ftl->zones[zone_num];
 934	block_num = zone->lba_to_phys_table[ftl->cache_block];
 935
 936
 937	/* Try to read all unread areas of the cache block*/
 938	for_each_set_bit(sector_num, &ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap,
 939		ftl->block_size / SM_SECTOR_SIZE) {
 940
 941		if (!sm_read_sector(ftl,
 942			zone_num, block_num, sector_num * SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
 943			ftl->cache_data + sector_num * SM_SECTOR_SIZE, NULL))
 944				clear_bit(sector_num,
 945					&ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap);
 946	}
 947restart:
 948
 949	if (ftl->unstable)
 950		return -EIO;
 951
 952	/* If there are no spare blocks, */
 953	/* we could still continue by erasing/writing the current block,
 954		but for such worn out media it doesn't worth the trouble,
 955			and the dangers */
 
 956	if (kfifo_out(&zone->free_sectors,
 957				(unsigned char *)&write_sector, 2) != 2) {
 958		dbg("no free sectors for write!");
 959		return -EIO;
 960	}
 961
 962
 963	if (sm_write_block(ftl, ftl->cache_data, zone_num, write_sector,
 964		ftl->cache_block, ftl->cache_data_invalid_bitmap))
 965			goto restart;
 966
 967	/* Update the FTL table */
 968	zone->lba_to_phys_table[ftl->cache_block] = write_sector;
 969
 970	/* Write succesfull, so erase and free the old block */
 971	if (block_num > 0)
 972		sm_erase_block(ftl, zone_num, block_num, 1);
 973
 974	sm_cache_init(ftl);
 975	return 0;
 976}
 977
 978
 979/* flush timer, runs a second after last write */
 980static void sm_cache_flush_timer(struct timer_list *t)
 981{
 982	struct sm_ftl *ftl = from_timer(ftl, t, timer);
 983	queue_work(cache_flush_workqueue, &ftl->flush_work);
 984}
 985
 986/* cache flush work, kicked by timer */
 987static void sm_cache_flush_work(struct work_struct *work)
 988{
 989	struct sm_ftl *ftl = container_of(work, struct sm_ftl, flush_work);
 990	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
 991	sm_cache_flush(ftl);
 992	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
 993	return;
 994}
 995
 996/* ---------------- outside interface -------------------------------------- */
 997
 998/* outside interface: read a sector */
 999static int sm_read(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1000		   unsigned long sect_no, char *buf)
1001{
1002	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1003	struct ftl_zone *zone;
1004	int error = 0, in_cache = 0;
1005	int zone_num, block, boffset;
1006
1007	sm_break_offset(ftl, sect_no << 9, &zone_num, &block, &boffset);
1008	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1009
1010
1011	zone = sm_get_zone(ftl, zone_num);
1012	if (IS_ERR(zone)) {
1013		error = PTR_ERR(zone);
1014		goto unlock;
1015	}
1016
1017	/* Have to look at cache first */
1018	if (ftl->cache_zone == zone_num && ftl->cache_block == block) {
1019		in_cache = 1;
1020		if (!sm_cache_get(ftl, buf, boffset))
1021			goto unlock;
1022	}
1023
1024	/* Translate the block and return if doesn't exist in the table */
1025	block = zone->lba_to_phys_table[block];
1026
1027	if (block == -1) {
1028		memset(buf, 0xFF, SM_SECTOR_SIZE);
1029		goto unlock;
1030	}
1031
1032	if (sm_read_sector(ftl, zone_num, block, boffset, buf, NULL)) {
1033		error = -EIO;
1034		goto unlock;
1035	}
1036
1037	if (in_cache)
1038		sm_cache_put(ftl, buf, boffset);
1039unlock:
1040	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1041	return error;
1042}
1043
1044/* outside interface: write a sector */
1045static int sm_write(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1046				unsigned long sec_no, char *buf)
1047{
1048	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1049	struct ftl_zone *zone;
1050	int error = 0, zone_num, block, boffset;
1051
1052	BUG_ON(ftl->readonly);
1053	sm_break_offset(ftl, sec_no << 9, &zone_num, &block, &boffset);
1054
1055	/* No need in flush thread running now */
1056	del_timer(&ftl->timer);
1057	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1058
1059	zone = sm_get_zone(ftl, zone_num);
1060	if (IS_ERR(zone)) {
1061		error = PTR_ERR(zone);
1062		goto unlock;
1063	}
1064
1065	/* If entry is not in cache, flush it */
1066	if (ftl->cache_block != block || ftl->cache_zone != zone_num) {
1067
1068		error = sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1069		if (error)
1070			goto unlock;
1071
1072		ftl->cache_block = block;
1073		ftl->cache_zone = zone_num;
1074	}
1075
1076	sm_cache_put(ftl, buf, boffset);
1077unlock:
1078	mod_timer(&ftl->timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(cache_timeout));
1079	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1080	return error;
1081}
1082
1083/* outside interface: flush everything */
1084static int sm_flush(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1085{
1086	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1087	int retval;
1088
1089	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1090	retval =  sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1091	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1092	return retval;
1093}
1094
1095/* outside interface: device is released */
1096static void sm_release(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1097{
1098	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1099
1100	mutex_lock(&ftl->mutex);
1101	del_timer_sync(&ftl->timer);
1102	cancel_work_sync(&ftl->flush_work);
 
1103	sm_cache_flush(ftl);
1104	mutex_unlock(&ftl->mutex);
1105}
1106
1107/* outside interface: get geometry */
1108static int sm_getgeo(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev, struct hd_geometry *geo)
1109{
1110	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1111	geo->heads = ftl->heads;
1112	geo->sectors = ftl->sectors;
1113	geo->cylinders = ftl->cylinders;
1114	return 0;
1115}
1116
1117/* external interface: main initialization function */
1118static void sm_add_mtd(struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr, struct mtd_info *mtd)
1119{
1120	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *trans;
1121	struct sm_ftl *ftl;
1122
1123	/* Allocate & initialize our private structure */
1124	ftl = kzalloc(sizeof(struct sm_ftl), GFP_KERNEL);
1125	if (!ftl)
1126		goto error1;
1127
1128
1129	mutex_init(&ftl->mutex);
1130	timer_setup(&ftl->timer, sm_cache_flush_timer, 0);
1131	INIT_WORK(&ftl->flush_work, sm_cache_flush_work);
1132
1133	/* Read media information */
1134	if (sm_get_media_info(ftl, mtd)) {
1135		dbg("found unsupported mtd device, aborting");
1136		goto error2;
1137	}
1138
1139
1140	/* Allocate temporary CIS buffer for read retry support */
1141	ftl->cis_buffer = kzalloc(SM_SECTOR_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
1142	if (!ftl->cis_buffer)
1143		goto error2;
1144
1145	/* Allocate zone array, it will be initialized on demand */
1146	ftl->zones = kcalloc(ftl->zone_count, sizeof(struct ftl_zone),
1147								GFP_KERNEL);
1148	if (!ftl->zones)
1149		goto error3;
1150
1151	/* Allocate the cache*/
1152	ftl->cache_data = kzalloc(ftl->block_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1153
1154	if (!ftl->cache_data)
1155		goto error4;
1156
1157	sm_cache_init(ftl);
1158
1159
1160	/* Allocate upper layer structure and initialize it */
1161	trans = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mtd_blktrans_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
1162	if (!trans)
1163		goto error5;
1164
1165	ftl->trans = trans;
1166	trans->priv = ftl;
1167
1168	trans->tr = tr;
1169	trans->mtd = mtd;
1170	trans->devnum = -1;
1171	trans->size = (ftl->block_size * ftl->max_lba * ftl->zone_count) >> 9;
1172	trans->readonly = ftl->readonly;
1173
1174	if (sm_find_cis(ftl)) {
1175		dbg("CIS not found on mtd device, aborting");
1176		goto error6;
1177	}
1178
1179	ftl->disk_attributes = sm_create_sysfs_attributes(ftl);
1180	if (!ftl->disk_attributes)
1181		goto error6;
1182	trans->disk_attributes = ftl->disk_attributes;
1183
1184	sm_printk("Found %d MiB xD/SmartMedia FTL on mtd%d",
1185		(int)(mtd->size / (1024 * 1024)), mtd->index);
1186
1187	dbg("FTL layout:");
1188	dbg("%d zone(s), each consists of %d blocks (+%d spares)",
1189		ftl->zone_count, ftl->max_lba,
1190		ftl->zone_size - ftl->max_lba);
1191	dbg("each block consists of %d bytes",
1192		ftl->block_size);
1193
1194
1195	/* Register device*/
1196	if (add_mtd_blktrans_dev(trans)) {
1197		dbg("error in mtdblktrans layer");
1198		goto error6;
1199	}
1200	return;
1201error6:
1202	kfree(trans);
1203error5:
1204	kfree(ftl->cache_data);
1205error4:
1206	kfree(ftl->zones);
1207error3:
1208	kfree(ftl->cis_buffer);
1209error2:
1210	kfree(ftl);
1211error1:
1212	return;
1213}
1214
1215/* main interface: device {surprise,} removal */
1216static void sm_remove_dev(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1217{
1218	struct sm_ftl *ftl = dev->priv;
1219	int i;
1220
1221	del_mtd_blktrans_dev(dev);
1222	ftl->trans = NULL;
1223
1224	for (i = 0 ; i < ftl->zone_count; i++) {
1225
1226		if (!ftl->zones[i].initialized)
1227			continue;
1228
1229		kfree(ftl->zones[i].lba_to_phys_table);
1230		kfifo_free(&ftl->zones[i].free_sectors);
1231	}
1232
1233	sm_delete_sysfs_attributes(ftl);
1234	kfree(ftl->cis_buffer);
1235	kfree(ftl->zones);
1236	kfree(ftl->cache_data);
1237	kfree(ftl);
1238}
1239
1240static struct mtd_blktrans_ops sm_ftl_ops = {
1241	.name		= "smblk",
1242	.major		= 0,
1243	.part_bits	= SM_FTL_PARTN_BITS,
1244	.blksize	= SM_SECTOR_SIZE,
1245	.getgeo		= sm_getgeo,
1246
1247	.add_mtd	= sm_add_mtd,
1248	.remove_dev	= sm_remove_dev,
1249
1250	.readsect	= sm_read,
1251	.writesect	= sm_write,
1252
1253	.flush		= sm_flush,
1254	.release	= sm_release,
1255
1256	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
1257};
1258
1259static __init int sm_module_init(void)
1260{
1261	int error = 0;
1262
1263	cache_flush_workqueue = create_freezable_workqueue("smflush");
1264	if (!cache_flush_workqueue)
1265		return -ENOMEM;
1266
1267	error = register_mtd_blktrans(&sm_ftl_ops);
1268	if (error)
1269		destroy_workqueue(cache_flush_workqueue);
1270	return error;
1271
1272}
1273
1274static void __exit sm_module_exit(void)
1275{
1276	destroy_workqueue(cache_flush_workqueue);
1277	deregister_mtd_blktrans(&sm_ftl_ops);
1278}
1279
1280module_init(sm_module_init);
1281module_exit(sm_module_exit);
1282
1283MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1284MODULE_AUTHOR("Maxim Levitsky <maximlevitsky@gmail.com>");
1285MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Smartmedia/xD mtd translation layer");