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  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  2#include <linux/module.h>
  3#include <linux/sched.h>
  4#include <linux/ctype.h>
  5#include <linux/fd.h>
  6#include <linux/tty.h>
  7#include <linux/suspend.h>
  8#include <linux/root_dev.h>
  9#include <linux/security.h>
 10#include <linux/delay.h>
 
 11#include <linux/mount.h>
 12#include <linux/device.h>
 13#include <linux/init.h>
 14#include <linux/fs.h>
 15#include <linux/initrd.h>
 16#include <linux/async.h>
 17#include <linux/fs_struct.h>
 18#include <linux/slab.h>
 19#include <linux/ramfs.h>
 20#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
 21#include <linux/ktime.h>
 22
 23#include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
 24#include <linux/nfs_fs_sb.h>
 25#include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
 26#include <linux/raid/detect.h>
 27#include <uapi/linux/mount.h>
 28
 29#include "do_mounts.h"
 30
 31int root_mountflags = MS_RDONLY | MS_SILENT;
 
 32static char __initdata saved_root_name[64];
 33static int root_wait;
 34
 35dev_t ROOT_DEV;
 36
 37static int __init load_ramdisk(char *str)
 38{
 39	pr_warn("ignoring the deprecated load_ramdisk= option\n");
 40	return 1;
 41}
 42__setup("load_ramdisk=", load_ramdisk);
 43
 44static int __init readonly(char *str)
 45{
 46	if (*str)
 47		return 0;
 48	root_mountflags |= MS_RDONLY;
 49	return 1;
 50}
 51
 52static int __init readwrite(char *str)
 53{
 54	if (*str)
 55		return 0;
 56	root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
 57	return 1;
 58}
 59
 60__setup("ro", readonly);
 61__setup("rw", readwrite);
 62
 63static int __init root_dev_setup(char *line)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 64{
 65	strscpy(saved_root_name, line, sizeof(saved_root_name));
 
 
 
 
 
 66	return 1;
 67}
 68
 69__setup("root=", root_dev_setup);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 70
 71static int __init rootwait_setup(char *str)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 72{
 73	if (*str)
 
 
 
 74		return 0;
 75	root_wait = -1;
 76	return 1;
 77}
 78
 79__setup("rootwait", rootwait_setup);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 80
 81static int __init rootwait_timeout_setup(char *str)
 82{
 83	int sec;
 
 
 
 84
 85	if (kstrtoint(str, 0, &sec) || sec < 0) {
 86		pr_warn("ignoring invalid rootwait value\n");
 87		goto ignore;
 
 
 
 88	}
 89
 90	if (check_mul_overflow(sec, MSEC_PER_SEC, &root_wait)) {
 91		pr_warn("ignoring excessive rootwait value\n");
 92		goto ignore;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 93	}
 94
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 95	return 1;
 
 96
 97ignore:
 98	/* Fallback to indefinite wait */
 99	root_wait = -1;
100
 
 
 
 
 
101	return 1;
102}
103
104__setup("rootwait=", rootwait_timeout_setup);
105
106static char * __initdata root_mount_data;
107static int __init root_data_setup(char *str)
108{
109	root_mount_data = str;
110	return 1;
111}
112
113static char * __initdata root_fs_names;
114static int __init fs_names_setup(char *str)
115{
116	root_fs_names = str;
117	return 1;
118}
119
120static unsigned int __initdata root_delay;
121static int __init root_delay_setup(char *str)
122{
123	root_delay = simple_strtoul(str, NULL, 0);
124	return 1;
125}
126
127__setup("rootflags=", root_data_setup);
128__setup("rootfstype=", fs_names_setup);
129__setup("rootdelay=", root_delay_setup);
130
131/* This can return zero length strings. Caller should check */
132static int __init split_fs_names(char *page, size_t size)
133{
134	int count = 1;
135	char *p = page;
136
137	strscpy(p, root_fs_names, size);
138	while (*p++) {
139		if (p[-1] == ',') {
140			p[-1] = '\0';
141			count++;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
142		}
143	}
144
145	return count;
146}
147
148static int __init do_mount_root(const char *name, const char *fs,
149				 const int flags, const void *data)
150{
151	struct super_block *s;
152	struct page *p = NULL;
153	char *data_page = NULL;
154	int ret;
155
156	if (data) {
157		/* init_mount() requires a full page as fifth argument */
158		p = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
159		if (!p)
160			return -ENOMEM;
161		data_page = page_address(p);
162		/* zero-pad. init_mount() will make sure it's terminated */
163		strncpy(data_page, data, PAGE_SIZE);
164	}
165
166	ret = init_mount(name, "/root", fs, flags, data_page);
167	if (ret)
168		goto out;
169
170	init_chdir("/root");
171	s = current->fs->pwd.dentry->d_sb;
172	ROOT_DEV = s->s_dev;
173	printk(KERN_INFO
174	       "VFS: Mounted root (%s filesystem)%s on device %u:%u.\n",
175	       s->s_type->name,
176	       sb_rdonly(s) ? " readonly" : "",
177	       MAJOR(ROOT_DEV), MINOR(ROOT_DEV));
178
179out:
180	if (p)
181		put_page(p);
182	return ret;
183}
184
185void __init mount_root_generic(char *name, char *pretty_name, int flags)
186{
187	struct page *page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
188	char *fs_names = page_address(page);
189	char *p;
190	char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
191	int num_fs, i;
192
193	scnprintf(b, BDEVNAME_SIZE, "unknown-block(%u,%u)",
194		  MAJOR(ROOT_DEV), MINOR(ROOT_DEV));
195	if (root_fs_names)
196		num_fs = split_fs_names(fs_names, PAGE_SIZE);
197	else
198		num_fs = list_bdev_fs_names(fs_names, PAGE_SIZE);
199retry:
200	for (i = 0, p = fs_names; i < num_fs; i++, p += strlen(p)+1) {
201		int err;
202
203		if (!*p)
204			continue;
205		err = do_mount_root(name, p, flags, root_mount_data);
206		switch (err) {
207			case 0:
208				goto out;
209			case -EACCES:
210			case -EINVAL:
211				continue;
212		}
213	        /*
214		 * Allow the user to distinguish between failed sys_open
215		 * and bad superblock on root device.
216		 * and give them a list of the available devices
217		 */
218		printk("VFS: Cannot open root device \"%s\" or %s: error %d\n",
219				pretty_name, b, err);
220		printk("Please append a correct \"root=\" boot option; here are the available partitions:\n");
221		printk_all_partitions();
222
223		if (root_fs_names)
224			num_fs = list_bdev_fs_names(fs_names, PAGE_SIZE);
225		if (!num_fs)
226			pr_err("Can't find any bdev filesystem to be used for mount!\n");
227		else {
228			pr_err("List of all bdev filesystems:\n");
229			for (i = 0, p = fs_names; i < num_fs; i++, p += strlen(p)+1)
230				pr_err(" %s", p);
231			pr_err("\n");
232		}
233
 
 
 
 
 
234		panic("VFS: Unable to mount root fs on %s", b);
235	}
236	if (!(flags & SB_RDONLY)) {
237		flags |= SB_RDONLY;
238		goto retry;
239	}
240
241	printk("List of all partitions:\n");
242	printk_all_partitions();
243	printk("No filesystem could mount root, tried: ");
244	for (i = 0, p = fs_names; i < num_fs; i++, p += strlen(p)+1)
245		printk(" %s", p);
246	printk("\n");
247	panic("VFS: Unable to mount root fs on \"%s\" or %s", pretty_name, b);
248out:
249	put_page(page);
250}
251 
252#ifdef CONFIG_ROOT_NFS
253
254#define NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN	5
255#define NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX	30
256#define NFSROOT_RETRY_MAX	5
257
258static void __init mount_nfs_root(void)
259{
260	char *root_dev, *root_data;
261	unsigned int timeout;
262	int try;
263
264	if (nfs_root_data(&root_dev, &root_data))
265		goto fail;
 
266
267	/*
268	 * The server or network may not be ready, so try several
269	 * times.  Stop after a few tries in case the client wants
270	 * to fall back to other boot methods.
271	 */
272	timeout = NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN;
273	for (try = 1; ; try++) {
274		if (!do_mount_root(root_dev, "nfs", root_mountflags, root_data))
275			return;
 
 
276		if (try > NFSROOT_RETRY_MAX)
277			break;
278
279		/* Wait, in case the server refused us immediately */
280		ssleep(timeout);
281		timeout <<= 1;
282		if (timeout > NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX)
283			timeout = NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX;
284	}
285fail:
286	pr_err("VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS.\n");
287}
288#else
289static inline void mount_nfs_root(void)
290{
291}
292#endif /* CONFIG_ROOT_NFS */
293
294#ifdef CONFIG_CIFS_ROOT
295
 
 
296#define CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN	5
297#define CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX	30
298#define CIFSROOT_RETRY_MAX	5
299
300static void __init mount_cifs_root(void)
301{
302	char *root_dev, *root_data;
303	unsigned int timeout;
304	int try;
305
306	if (cifs_root_data(&root_dev, &root_data))
307		goto fail;
 
308
309	timeout = CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN;
310	for (try = 1; ; try++) {
311		if (!do_mount_root(root_dev, "cifs", root_mountflags,
312				   root_data))
313			return;
 
314		if (try > CIFSROOT_RETRY_MAX)
315			break;
316
317		ssleep(timeout);
318		timeout <<= 1;
319		if (timeout > CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX)
320			timeout = CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX;
321	}
322fail:
323	pr_err("VFS: Unable to mount root fs via SMB.\n");
324}
325#else
326static inline void mount_cifs_root(void)
327{
328}
329#endif /* CONFIG_CIFS_ROOT */
330
331static bool __init fs_is_nodev(char *fstype)
332{
333	struct file_system_type *fs = get_fs_type(fstype);
334	bool ret = false;
335
336	if (fs) {
337		ret = !(fs->fs_flags & FS_REQUIRES_DEV);
338		put_filesystem(fs);
339	}
340
341	return ret;
342}
343
344static int __init mount_nodev_root(char *root_device_name)
345{
346	char *fs_names, *fstype;
347	int err = -EINVAL;
348	int num_fs, i;
349
350	fs_names = (void *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL);
351	if (!fs_names)
352		return -EINVAL;
353	num_fs = split_fs_names(fs_names, PAGE_SIZE);
354
355	for (i = 0, fstype = fs_names; i < num_fs;
356	     i++, fstype += strlen(fstype) + 1) {
357		if (!*fstype)
358			continue;
359		if (!fs_is_nodev(fstype))
360			continue;
361		err = do_mount_root(root_device_name, fstype, root_mountflags,
362				    root_mount_data);
363		if (!err)
364			break;
365	}
366
367	free_page((unsigned long)fs_names);
368	return err;
369}
370
371#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
372static void __init mount_block_root(char *root_device_name)
373{
374	int err = create_dev("/dev/root", ROOT_DEV);
375
376	if (err < 0)
377		pr_emerg("Failed to create /dev/root: %d\n", err);
378	mount_root_generic("/dev/root", root_device_name, root_mountflags);
379}
380#else
381static inline void mount_block_root(char *root_device_name)
382{
383}
384#endif /* CONFIG_BLOCK */
385
386void __init mount_root(char *root_device_name)
387{
388	switch (ROOT_DEV) {
389	case Root_NFS:
390		mount_nfs_root();
391		break;
392	case Root_CIFS:
393		mount_cifs_root();
394		break;
395	case Root_Generic:
396		mount_root_generic(root_device_name, root_device_name,
397				   root_mountflags);
398		break;
399	case 0:
400		if (root_device_name && root_fs_names &&
401		    mount_nodev_root(root_device_name) == 0)
402			break;
403		fallthrough;
404	default:
405		mount_block_root(root_device_name);
406		break;
407	}
408}
409
410/* wait for any asynchronous scanning to complete */
411static void __init wait_for_root(char *root_device_name)
412{
413	ktime_t end;
414
415	if (ROOT_DEV != 0)
416		return;
417
418	pr_info("Waiting for root device %s...\n", root_device_name);
419
420	end = ktime_add_ms(ktime_get_raw(), root_wait);
421
422	while (!driver_probe_done() ||
423	       early_lookup_bdev(root_device_name, &ROOT_DEV) < 0) {
424		msleep(5);
425		if (root_wait > 0 && ktime_after(ktime_get_raw(), end))
426			break;
427	}
 
 
 
 
428
429	async_synchronize_full();
430
431}
432
433static dev_t __init parse_root_device(char *root_device_name)
434{
435	int error;
436	dev_t dev;
437
438	if (!strncmp(root_device_name, "mtd", 3) ||
439	    !strncmp(root_device_name, "ubi", 3))
440		return Root_Generic;
441	if (strcmp(root_device_name, "/dev/nfs") == 0)
442		return Root_NFS;
443	if (strcmp(root_device_name, "/dev/cifs") == 0)
444		return Root_CIFS;
445	if (strcmp(root_device_name, "/dev/ram") == 0)
446		return Root_RAM0;
447
448	error = early_lookup_bdev(root_device_name, &dev);
449	if (error) {
450		if (error == -EINVAL && root_wait) {
451			pr_err("Disabling rootwait; root= is invalid.\n");
452			root_wait = 0;
453		}
454		return 0;
455	}
456	return dev;
457}
458
459/*
460 * Prepare the namespace - decide what/where to mount, load ramdisks, etc.
461 */
462void __init prepare_namespace(void)
463{
464	if (root_delay) {
465		printk(KERN_INFO "Waiting %d sec before mounting root device...\n",
466		       root_delay);
467		ssleep(root_delay);
468	}
469
470	/*
471	 * wait for the known devices to complete their probing
472	 *
473	 * Note: this is a potential source of long boot delays.
474	 * For example, it is not atypical to wait 5 seconds here
475	 * for the touchpad of a laptop to initialize.
476	 */
477	wait_for_device_probe();
478
479	md_run_setup();
480
481	if (saved_root_name[0])
482		ROOT_DEV = parse_root_device(saved_root_name);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
483
484	if (initrd_load(saved_root_name))
485		goto out;
486
487	if (root_wait)
488		wait_for_root(saved_root_name);
489	mount_root(saved_root_name);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
490out:
491	devtmpfs_mount();
492	init_mount(".", "/", NULL, MS_MOVE, NULL);
493	init_chroot(".");
494}
495
496static bool is_tmpfs;
497static int rootfs_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc)
498{
499	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TMPFS) && is_tmpfs)
500		return shmem_init_fs_context(fc);
501
502	return ramfs_init_fs_context(fc);
503}
504
505struct file_system_type rootfs_fs_type = {
506	.name		= "rootfs",
507	.init_fs_context = rootfs_init_fs_context,
508	.kill_sb	= kill_litter_super,
509};
510
511void __init init_rootfs(void)
512{
513	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TMPFS)) {
514		if (!saved_root_name[0] && !root_fs_names)
515			is_tmpfs = true;
516		else if (root_fs_names && !!strstr(root_fs_names, "tmpfs"))
517			is_tmpfs = true;
518	}
519}
  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  2#include <linux/module.h>
  3#include <linux/sched.h>
  4#include <linux/ctype.h>
  5#include <linux/fd.h>
  6#include <linux/tty.h>
  7#include <linux/suspend.h>
  8#include <linux/root_dev.h>
  9#include <linux/security.h>
 10#include <linux/delay.h>
 11#include <linux/genhd.h>
 12#include <linux/mount.h>
 13#include <linux/device.h>
 14#include <linux/init.h>
 15#include <linux/fs.h>
 16#include <linux/initrd.h>
 17#include <linux/async.h>
 18#include <linux/fs_struct.h>
 19#include <linux/slab.h>
 20#include <linux/ramfs.h>
 21#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
 
 22
 23#include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
 24#include <linux/nfs_fs_sb.h>
 25#include <linux/nfs_mount.h>
 26#include <linux/raid/detect.h>
 27#include <uapi/linux/mount.h>
 28
 29#include "do_mounts.h"
 30
 31int root_mountflags = MS_RDONLY | MS_SILENT;
 32static char * __initdata root_device_name;
 33static char __initdata saved_root_name[64];
 34static int root_wait;
 35
 36dev_t ROOT_DEV;
 37
 38static int __init load_ramdisk(char *str)
 39{
 40	pr_warn("ignoring the deprecated load_ramdisk= option\n");
 41	return 1;
 42}
 43__setup("load_ramdisk=", load_ramdisk);
 44
 45static int __init readonly(char *str)
 46{
 47	if (*str)
 48		return 0;
 49	root_mountflags |= MS_RDONLY;
 50	return 1;
 51}
 52
 53static int __init readwrite(char *str)
 54{
 55	if (*str)
 56		return 0;
 57	root_mountflags &= ~MS_RDONLY;
 58	return 1;
 59}
 60
 61__setup("ro", readonly);
 62__setup("rw", readwrite);
 63
 64#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
 65struct uuidcmp {
 66	const char *uuid;
 67	int len;
 68};
 69
 70/**
 71 * match_dev_by_uuid - callback for finding a partition using its uuid
 72 * @dev:	device passed in by the caller
 73 * @data:	opaque pointer to the desired struct uuidcmp to match
 74 *
 75 * Returns 1 if the device matches, and 0 otherwise.
 76 */
 77static int match_dev_by_uuid(struct device *dev, const void *data)
 78{
 79	struct block_device *bdev = dev_to_bdev(dev);
 80	const struct uuidcmp *cmp = data;
 81
 82	if (!bdev->bd_meta_info ||
 83	    strncasecmp(cmp->uuid, bdev->bd_meta_info->uuid, cmp->len))
 84		return 0;
 85	return 1;
 86}
 87
 88/**
 89 * devt_from_partuuid - looks up the dev_t of a partition by its UUID
 90 * @uuid_str:	char array containing ascii UUID
 91 *
 92 * The function will return the first partition which contains a matching
 93 * UUID value in its partition_meta_info struct.  This does not search
 94 * by filesystem UUIDs.
 95 *
 96 * If @uuid_str is followed by a "/PARTNROFF=%d", then the number will be
 97 * extracted and used as an offset from the partition identified by the UUID.
 98 *
 99 * Returns the matching dev_t on success or 0 on failure.
100 */
101static dev_t devt_from_partuuid(const char *uuid_str)
102{
103	struct uuidcmp cmp;
104	struct device *dev = NULL;
105	dev_t devt = 0;
106	int offset = 0;
107	char *slash;
108
109	cmp.uuid = uuid_str;
110
111	slash = strchr(uuid_str, '/');
112	/* Check for optional partition number offset attributes. */
113	if (slash) {
114		char c = 0;
115
116		/* Explicitly fail on poor PARTUUID syntax. */
117		if (sscanf(slash + 1, "PARTNROFF=%d%c", &offset, &c) != 1)
118			goto clear_root_wait;
119		cmp.len = slash - uuid_str;
120	} else {
121		cmp.len = strlen(uuid_str);
122	}
123
124	if (!cmp.len)
125		goto clear_root_wait;
126
127	dev = class_find_device(&block_class, NULL, &cmp, &match_dev_by_uuid);
128	if (!dev)
129		return 0;
130
131	if (offset) {
132		/*
133		 * Attempt to find the requested partition by adding an offset
134		 * to the partition number found by UUID.
135		 */
136		devt = part_devt(dev_to_disk(dev),
137				 dev_to_bdev(dev)->bd_partno + offset);
138	} else {
139		devt = dev->devt;
140	}
141
142	put_device(dev);
143	return devt;
144
145clear_root_wait:
146	pr_err("VFS: PARTUUID= is invalid.\n"
147	       "Expected PARTUUID=<valid-uuid-id>[/PARTNROFF=%%d]\n");
148	if (root_wait)
149		pr_err("Disabling rootwait; root= is invalid.\n");
150	root_wait = 0;
151	return 0;
152}
153
154/**
155 * match_dev_by_label - callback for finding a partition using its label
156 * @dev:	device passed in by the caller
157 * @data:	opaque pointer to the label to match
158 *
159 * Returns 1 if the device matches, and 0 otherwise.
160 */
161static int match_dev_by_label(struct device *dev, const void *data)
162{
163	struct block_device *bdev = dev_to_bdev(dev);
164	const char *label = data;
165
166	if (!bdev->bd_meta_info || strcmp(label, bdev->bd_meta_info->volname))
167		return 0;
 
168	return 1;
169}
170
171static dev_t devt_from_partlabel(const char *label)
172{
173	struct device *dev;
174	dev_t devt = 0;
175
176	dev = class_find_device(&block_class, NULL, label, &match_dev_by_label);
177	if (dev) {
178		devt = dev->devt;
179		put_device(dev);
180	}
181
182	return devt;
183}
184
185static dev_t devt_from_devname(const char *name)
186{
187	dev_t devt = 0;
188	int part;
189	char s[32];
190	char *p;
191
192	if (strlen(name) > 31)
193		return 0;
194	strcpy(s, name);
195	for (p = s; *p; p++) {
196		if (*p == '/')
197			*p = '!';
198	}
199
200	devt = blk_lookup_devt(s, 0);
201	if (devt)
202		return devt;
203
204	/*
205	 * Try non-existent, but valid partition, which may only exist after
206	 * opening the device, like partitioned md devices.
207	 */
208	while (p > s && isdigit(p[-1]))
209		p--;
210	if (p == s || !*p || *p == '0')
211		return 0;
212
213	/* try disk name without <part number> */
214	part = simple_strtoul(p, NULL, 10);
215	*p = '\0';
216	devt = blk_lookup_devt(s, part);
217	if (devt)
218		return devt;
219
220	/* try disk name without p<part number> */
221	if (p < s + 2 || !isdigit(p[-2]) || p[-1] != 'p')
222		return 0;
223	p[-1] = '\0';
224	return blk_lookup_devt(s, part);
225}
226#endif /* CONFIG_BLOCK */
227
228static dev_t devt_from_devnum(const char *name)
229{
230	unsigned maj, min, offset;
231	dev_t devt = 0;
232	char *p, dummy;
233
234	if (sscanf(name, "%u:%u%c", &maj, &min, &dummy) == 2 ||
235	    sscanf(name, "%u:%u:%u:%c", &maj, &min, &offset, &dummy) == 3) {
236		devt = MKDEV(maj, min);
237		if (maj != MAJOR(devt) || min != MINOR(devt))
238			return 0;
239	} else {
240		devt = new_decode_dev(simple_strtoul(name, &p, 16));
241		if (*p)
242			return 0;
243	}
244
245	return devt;
246}
247
248/*
249 *	Convert a name into device number.  We accept the following variants:
250 *
251 *	1) <hex_major><hex_minor> device number in hexadecimal represents itself
252 *         no leading 0x, for example b302.
253 *	2) /dev/nfs represents Root_NFS (0xff)
254 *	3) /dev/<disk_name> represents the device number of disk
255 *	4) /dev/<disk_name><decimal> represents the device number
256 *         of partition - device number of disk plus the partition number
257 *	5) /dev/<disk_name>p<decimal> - same as the above, that form is
258 *	   used when disk name of partitioned disk ends on a digit.
259 *	6) PARTUUID=00112233-4455-6677-8899-AABBCCDDEEFF representing the
260 *	   unique id of a partition if the partition table provides it.
261 *	   The UUID may be either an EFI/GPT UUID, or refer to an MSDOS
262 *	   partition using the format SSSSSSSS-PP, where SSSSSSSS is a zero-
263 *	   filled hex representation of the 32-bit "NT disk signature", and PP
264 *	   is a zero-filled hex representation of the 1-based partition number.
265 *	7) PARTUUID=<UUID>/PARTNROFF=<int> to select a partition in relation to
266 *	   a partition with a known unique id.
267 *	8) <major>:<minor> major and minor number of the device separated by
268 *	   a colon.
269 *	9) PARTLABEL=<name> with name being the GPT partition label.
270 *	   MSDOS partitions do not support labels!
271 *	10) /dev/cifs represents Root_CIFS (0xfe)
272 *
273 *	If name doesn't have fall into the categories above, we return (0,0).
274 *	block_class is used to check if something is a disk name. If the disk
275 *	name contains slashes, the device name has them replaced with
276 *	bangs.
277 */
278dev_t name_to_dev_t(const char *name)
279{
280	if (strcmp(name, "/dev/nfs") == 0)
281		return Root_NFS;
282	if (strcmp(name, "/dev/cifs") == 0)
283		return Root_CIFS;
284	if (strcmp(name, "/dev/ram") == 0)
285		return Root_RAM0;
286#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
287	if (strncmp(name, "PARTUUID=", 9) == 0)
288		return devt_from_partuuid(name + 9);
289	if (strncmp(name, "PARTLABEL=", 10) == 0)
290		return devt_from_partlabel(name + 10);
291	if (strncmp(name, "/dev/", 5) == 0)
292		return devt_from_devname(name + 5);
293#endif
294	return devt_from_devnum(name);
295}
296EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(name_to_dev_t);
297
298static int __init root_dev_setup(char *line)
299{
300	strlcpy(saved_root_name, line, sizeof(saved_root_name));
301	return 1;
302}
303
304__setup("root=", root_dev_setup);
 
 
305
306static int __init rootwait_setup(char *str)
307{
308	if (*str)
309		return 0;
310	root_wait = 1;
311	return 1;
312}
313
314__setup("rootwait", rootwait_setup);
315
316static char * __initdata root_mount_data;
317static int __init root_data_setup(char *str)
318{
319	root_mount_data = str;
320	return 1;
321}
322
323static char * __initdata root_fs_names;
324static int __init fs_names_setup(char *str)
325{
326	root_fs_names = str;
327	return 1;
328}
329
330static unsigned int __initdata root_delay;
331static int __init root_delay_setup(char *str)
332{
333	root_delay = simple_strtoul(str, NULL, 0);
334	return 1;
335}
336
337__setup("rootflags=", root_data_setup);
338__setup("rootfstype=", fs_names_setup);
339__setup("rootdelay=", root_delay_setup);
340
341static void __init get_fs_names(char *page)
 
342{
343	char *s = page;
 
344
345	if (root_fs_names) {
346		strcpy(page, root_fs_names);
347		while (*s++) {
348			if (s[-1] == ',')
349				s[-1] = '\0';
350		}
351	} else {
352		int len = get_filesystem_list(page);
353		char *p, *next;
354
355		page[len] = '\0';
356		for (p = page-1; p; p = next) {
357			next = strchr(++p, '\n');
358			if (*p++ != '\t')
359				continue;
360			while ((*s++ = *p++) != '\n')
361				;
362			s[-1] = '\0';
363		}
364	}
365	*s = '\0';
 
366}
367
368static int __init do_mount_root(const char *name, const char *fs,
369				 const int flags, const void *data)
370{
371	struct super_block *s;
372	struct page *p = NULL;
373	char *data_page = NULL;
374	int ret;
375
376	if (data) {
377		/* init_mount() requires a full page as fifth argument */
378		p = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
379		if (!p)
380			return -ENOMEM;
381		data_page = page_address(p);
382		/* zero-pad. init_mount() will make sure it's terminated */
383		strncpy(data_page, data, PAGE_SIZE);
384	}
385
386	ret = init_mount(name, "/root", fs, flags, data_page);
387	if (ret)
388		goto out;
389
390	init_chdir("/root");
391	s = current->fs->pwd.dentry->d_sb;
392	ROOT_DEV = s->s_dev;
393	printk(KERN_INFO
394	       "VFS: Mounted root (%s filesystem)%s on device %u:%u.\n",
395	       s->s_type->name,
396	       sb_rdonly(s) ? " readonly" : "",
397	       MAJOR(ROOT_DEV), MINOR(ROOT_DEV));
398
399out:
400	if (p)
401		put_page(p);
402	return ret;
403}
404
405void __init mount_block_root(char *name, int flags)
406{
407	struct page *page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL);
408	char *fs_names = page_address(page);
409	char *p;
410	char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
 
411
412	scnprintf(b, BDEVNAME_SIZE, "unknown-block(%u,%u)",
413		  MAJOR(ROOT_DEV), MINOR(ROOT_DEV));
414	get_fs_names(fs_names);
 
 
 
415retry:
416	for (p = fs_names; *p; p += strlen(p)+1) {
417		int err = do_mount_root(name, p, flags, root_mount_data);
 
 
 
 
418		switch (err) {
419			case 0:
420				goto out;
421			case -EACCES:
422			case -EINVAL:
423				continue;
424		}
425	        /*
426		 * Allow the user to distinguish between failed sys_open
427		 * and bad superblock on root device.
428		 * and give them a list of the available devices
429		 */
430		printk("VFS: Cannot open root device \"%s\" or %s: error %d\n",
431				root_device_name, b, err);
432		printk("Please append a correct \"root=\" boot option; here are the available partitions:\n");
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
433
434		printk_all_partitions();
435#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BLOCK_EXT_DEVT
436		printk("DEBUG_BLOCK_EXT_DEVT is enabled, you need to specify "
437		       "explicit textual name for \"root=\" boot option.\n");
438#endif
439		panic("VFS: Unable to mount root fs on %s", b);
440	}
441	if (!(flags & SB_RDONLY)) {
442		flags |= SB_RDONLY;
443		goto retry;
444	}
445
446	printk("List of all partitions:\n");
447	printk_all_partitions();
448	printk("No filesystem could mount root, tried: ");
449	for (p = fs_names; *p; p += strlen(p)+1)
450		printk(" %s", p);
451	printk("\n");
452	panic("VFS: Unable to mount root fs on %s", b);
453out:
454	put_page(page);
455}
456 
457#ifdef CONFIG_ROOT_NFS
458
459#define NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN	5
460#define NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX	30
461#define NFSROOT_RETRY_MAX	5
462
463static int __init mount_nfs_root(void)
464{
465	char *root_dev, *root_data;
466	unsigned int timeout;
467	int try, err;
468
469	err = nfs_root_data(&root_dev, &root_data);
470	if (err != 0)
471		return 0;
472
473	/*
474	 * The server or network may not be ready, so try several
475	 * times.  Stop after a few tries in case the client wants
476	 * to fall back to other boot methods.
477	 */
478	timeout = NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN;
479	for (try = 1; ; try++) {
480		err = do_mount_root(root_dev, "nfs",
481					root_mountflags, root_data);
482		if (err == 0)
483			return 1;
484		if (try > NFSROOT_RETRY_MAX)
485			break;
486
487		/* Wait, in case the server refused us immediately */
488		ssleep(timeout);
489		timeout <<= 1;
490		if (timeout > NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX)
491			timeout = NFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX;
492	}
493	return 0;
 
 
 
 
 
494}
495#endif
496
497#ifdef CONFIG_CIFS_ROOT
498
499extern int cifs_root_data(char **dev, char **opts);
500
501#define CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN	5
502#define CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX	30
503#define CIFSROOT_RETRY_MAX	5
504
505static int __init mount_cifs_root(void)
506{
507	char *root_dev, *root_data;
508	unsigned int timeout;
509	int try, err;
510
511	err = cifs_root_data(&root_dev, &root_data);
512	if (err != 0)
513		return 0;
514
515	timeout = CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MIN;
516	for (try = 1; ; try++) {
517		err = do_mount_root(root_dev, "cifs", root_mountflags,
518				    root_data);
519		if (err == 0)
520			return 1;
521		if (try > CIFSROOT_RETRY_MAX)
522			break;
523
524		ssleep(timeout);
525		timeout <<= 1;
526		if (timeout > CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX)
527			timeout = CIFSROOT_TIMEOUT_MAX;
528	}
529	return 0;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
530}
531#endif
532
533void __init mount_root(void)
534{
535#ifdef CONFIG_ROOT_NFS
536	if (ROOT_DEV == Root_NFS) {
537		if (!mount_nfs_root())
538			printk(KERN_ERR "VFS: Unable to mount root fs via NFS.\n");
539		return;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
540	}
541#endif
542#ifdef CONFIG_CIFS_ROOT
543	if (ROOT_DEV == Root_CIFS) {
544		if (!mount_cifs_root())
545			printk(KERN_ERR "VFS: Unable to mount root fs via SMB.\n");
 
 
 
546		return;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
547	}
548#endif
549#ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
550	{
551		int err = create_dev("/dev/root", ROOT_DEV);
552
553		if (err < 0)
554			pr_emerg("Failed to create /dev/root: %d\n", err);
555		mount_block_root("/dev/root", root_mountflags);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
556	}
557#endif
558}
559
560/*
561 * Prepare the namespace - decide what/where to mount, load ramdisks, etc.
562 */
563void __init prepare_namespace(void)
564{
565	if (root_delay) {
566		printk(KERN_INFO "Waiting %d sec before mounting root device...\n",
567		       root_delay);
568		ssleep(root_delay);
569	}
570
571	/*
572	 * wait for the known devices to complete their probing
573	 *
574	 * Note: this is a potential source of long boot delays.
575	 * For example, it is not atypical to wait 5 seconds here
576	 * for the touchpad of a laptop to initialize.
577	 */
578	wait_for_device_probe();
579
580	md_run_setup();
581
582	if (saved_root_name[0]) {
583		root_device_name = saved_root_name;
584		if (!strncmp(root_device_name, "mtd", 3) ||
585		    !strncmp(root_device_name, "ubi", 3)) {
586			mount_block_root(root_device_name, root_mountflags);
587			goto out;
588		}
589		ROOT_DEV = name_to_dev_t(root_device_name);
590		if (strncmp(root_device_name, "/dev/", 5) == 0)
591			root_device_name += 5;
592	}
593
594	if (initrd_load())
595		goto out;
596
597	/* wait for any asynchronous scanning to complete */
598	if ((ROOT_DEV == 0) && root_wait) {
599		printk(KERN_INFO "Waiting for root device %s...\n",
600			saved_root_name);
601		while (driver_probe_done() != 0 ||
602			(ROOT_DEV = name_to_dev_t(saved_root_name)) == 0)
603			msleep(5);
604		async_synchronize_full();
605	}
606
607	mount_root();
608out:
609	devtmpfs_mount();
610	init_mount(".", "/", NULL, MS_MOVE, NULL);
611	init_chroot(".");
612}
613
614static bool is_tmpfs;
615static int rootfs_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc)
616{
617	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TMPFS) && is_tmpfs)
618		return shmem_init_fs_context(fc);
619
620	return ramfs_init_fs_context(fc);
621}
622
623struct file_system_type rootfs_fs_type = {
624	.name		= "rootfs",
625	.init_fs_context = rootfs_init_fs_context,
626	.kill_sb	= kill_litter_super,
627};
628
629void __init init_rootfs(void)
630{
631	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TMPFS) && !saved_root_name[0] &&
632		(!root_fs_names || strstr(root_fs_names, "tmpfs")))
633		is_tmpfs = true;
 
 
 
634}