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  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  2#define _GNU_SOURCE /* for program_invocation_short_name */
  3#include <errno.h>
  4#include <fcntl.h>
  5#include <pthread.h>
  6#include <sched.h>
  7#include <stdio.h>
  8#include <stdlib.h>
  9#include <string.h>
 10#include <signal.h>
 11#include <syscall.h>
 12#include <sys/ioctl.h>
 13#include <sys/sysinfo.h>
 14#include <asm/barrier.h>
 15#include <linux/atomic.h>
 16#include <linux/rseq.h>
 17#include <linux/unistd.h>
 18
 19#include "kvm_util.h"
 20#include "processor.h"
 21#include "test_util.h"
 22
 23#include "../rseq/rseq.c"
 24
 25/*
 26 * Any bug related to task migration is likely to be timing-dependent; perform
 27 * a large number of migrations to reduce the odds of a false negative.
 28 */
 29#define NR_TASK_MIGRATIONS 100000
 30
 31static pthread_t migration_thread;
 32static cpu_set_t possible_mask;
 33static int min_cpu, max_cpu;
 34static bool done;
 35
 36static atomic_t seq_cnt;
 37
 38static void guest_code(void)
 39{
 40	for (;;)
 41		GUEST_SYNC(0);
 42}
 43
 44/*
 45 * We have to perform direct system call for getcpu() because it's
 46 * not available until glic 2.29.
 47 */
 48static void sys_getcpu(unsigned *cpu)
 49{
 50	int r;
 51
 52	r = syscall(__NR_getcpu, cpu, NULL, NULL);
 53	TEST_ASSERT(!r, "getcpu failed, errno = %d (%s)", errno, strerror(errno));
 54}
 55
 56static int next_cpu(int cpu)
 57{
 58	/*
 59	 * Advance to the next CPU, skipping those that weren't in the original
 60	 * affinity set.  Sadly, there is no CPU_SET_FOR_EACH, and cpu_set_t's
 61	 * data storage is considered as opaque.  Note, if this task is pinned
 62	 * to a small set of discontigous CPUs, e.g. 2 and 1023, this loop will
 63	 * burn a lot cycles and the test will take longer than normal to
 64	 * complete.
 65	 */
 66	do {
 67		cpu++;
 68		if (cpu > max_cpu) {
 69			cpu = min_cpu;
 70			TEST_ASSERT(CPU_ISSET(cpu, &possible_mask),
 71				    "Min CPU = %d must always be usable", cpu);
 72			break;
 73		}
 74	} while (!CPU_ISSET(cpu, &possible_mask));
 75
 76	return cpu;
 77}
 78
 79static void *migration_worker(void *__rseq_tid)
 80{
 81	pid_t rseq_tid = (pid_t)(unsigned long)__rseq_tid;
 82	cpu_set_t allowed_mask;
 83	int r, i, cpu;
 84
 85	CPU_ZERO(&allowed_mask);
 86
 87	for (i = 0, cpu = min_cpu; i < NR_TASK_MIGRATIONS; i++, cpu = next_cpu(cpu)) {
 88		CPU_SET(cpu, &allowed_mask);
 89
 90		/*
 91		 * Bump the sequence count twice to allow the reader to detect
 92		 * that a migration may have occurred in between rseq and sched
 93		 * CPU ID reads.  An odd sequence count indicates a migration
 94		 * is in-progress, while a completely different count indicates
 95		 * a migration occurred since the count was last read.
 96		 */
 97		atomic_inc(&seq_cnt);
 98
 99		/*
100		 * Ensure the odd count is visible while getcpu() isn't
101		 * stable, i.e. while changing affinity is in-progress.
102		 */
103		smp_wmb();
104		r = sched_setaffinity(rseq_tid, sizeof(allowed_mask), &allowed_mask);
105		TEST_ASSERT(!r, "sched_setaffinity failed, errno = %d (%s)",
106			    errno, strerror(errno));
107		smp_wmb();
108		atomic_inc(&seq_cnt);
109
110		CPU_CLR(cpu, &allowed_mask);
111
112		/*
113		 * Wait 1-10us before proceeding to the next iteration and more
114		 * specifically, before bumping seq_cnt again.  A delay is
115		 * needed on three fronts:
116		 *
117		 *  1. To allow sched_setaffinity() to prompt migration before
118		 *     ioctl(KVM_RUN) enters the guest so that TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME
119		 *     (or TIF_NEED_RESCHED, which indirectly leads to handling
120		 *     NOTIFY_RESUME) is handled in KVM context.
121		 *
122		 *     If NOTIFY_RESUME/NEED_RESCHED is set after KVM enters
123		 *     the guest, the guest will trigger a IO/MMIO exit all the
124		 *     way to userspace and the TIF flags will be handled by
125		 *     the generic "exit to userspace" logic, not by KVM.  The
126		 *     exit to userspace is necessary to give the test a chance
127		 *     to check the rseq CPU ID (see #2).
128		 *
129		 *     Alternatively, guest_code() could include an instruction
130		 *     to trigger an exit that is handled by KVM, but any such
131		 *     exit requires architecture specific code.
132		 *
133		 *  2. To let ioctl(KVM_RUN) make its way back to the test
134		 *     before the next round of migration.  The test's check on
135		 *     the rseq CPU ID must wait for migration to complete in
136		 *     order to avoid false positive, thus any kernel rseq bug
137		 *     will be missed if the next migration starts before the
138		 *     check completes.
139		 *
140		 *  3. To ensure the read-side makes efficient forward progress,
141		 *     e.g. if getcpu() involves a syscall. Stalling the read-side
142		 *     means the test will spend more time waiting for getcpu()
143		 *     to stabilize and less time trying to hit the timing-dependent
144		 *     bug.
145		 *
146		 * Because any bug in this area is likely to be timing-dependent,
147		 * run with a range of delays at 1us intervals from 1us to 10us
148		 * as a best effort to avoid tuning the test to the point where
149		 * it can hit _only_ the original bug and not detect future
150		 * regressions.
151		 *
152		 * The original bug can reproduce with a delay up to ~500us on
153		 * x86-64, but starts to require more iterations to reproduce
154		 * as the delay creeps above ~10us, and the average runtime of
155		 * each iteration obviously increases as well.  Cap the delay
156		 * at 10us to keep test runtime reasonable while minimizing
157		 * potential coverage loss.
158		 *
159		 * The lower bound for reproducing the bug is likely below 1us,
160		 * e.g. failures occur on x86-64 with nanosleep(0), but at that
161		 * point the overhead of the syscall likely dominates the delay.
162		 * Use usleep() for simplicity and to avoid unnecessary kernel
163		 * dependencies.
164		 */
165		usleep((i % 10) + 1);
166	}
167	done = true;
168	return NULL;
169}
170
171static void calc_min_max_cpu(void)
172{
173	int i, cnt, nproc;
174
175	TEST_REQUIRE(CPU_COUNT(&possible_mask) >= 2);
176
177	/*
178	 * CPU_SET doesn't provide a FOR_EACH helper, get the min/max CPU that
179	 * this task is affined to in order to reduce the time spent querying
180	 * unusable CPUs, e.g. if this task is pinned to a small percentage of
181	 * total CPUs.
182	 */
183	nproc = get_nprocs_conf();
184	min_cpu = -1;
185	max_cpu = -1;
186	cnt = 0;
187
188	for (i = 0; i < nproc; i++) {
189		if (!CPU_ISSET(i, &possible_mask))
190			continue;
191		if (min_cpu == -1)
192			min_cpu = i;
193		max_cpu = i;
194		cnt++;
195	}
196
197	__TEST_REQUIRE(cnt >= 2,
198		       "Only one usable CPU, task migration not possible");
199}
200
201int main(int argc, char *argv[])
202{
203	int r, i, snapshot;
204	struct kvm_vm *vm;
205	struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu;
206	u32 cpu, rseq_cpu;
207
208	r = sched_getaffinity(0, sizeof(possible_mask), &possible_mask);
209	TEST_ASSERT(!r, "sched_getaffinity failed, errno = %d (%s)", errno,
210		    strerror(errno));
211
212	calc_min_max_cpu();
213
214	r = rseq_register_current_thread();
215	TEST_ASSERT(!r, "rseq_register_current_thread failed, errno = %d (%s)",
216		    errno, strerror(errno));
217
218	/*
219	 * Create and run a dummy VM that immediately exits to userspace via
220	 * GUEST_SYNC, while concurrently migrating the process by setting its
221	 * CPU affinity.
222	 */
223	vm = vm_create_with_one_vcpu(&vcpu, guest_code);
224
225	pthread_create(&migration_thread, NULL, migration_worker,
226		       (void *)(unsigned long)syscall(SYS_gettid));
227
228	for (i = 0; !done; i++) {
229		vcpu_run(vcpu);
230		TEST_ASSERT(get_ucall(vcpu, NULL) == UCALL_SYNC,
231			    "Guest failed?");
232
233		/*
234		 * Verify rseq's CPU matches sched's CPU.  Ensure migration
235		 * doesn't occur between getcpu() and reading the rseq cpu_id
236		 * by rereading both if the sequence count changes, or if the
237		 * count is odd (migration in-progress).
238		 */
239		do {
240			/*
241			 * Drop bit 0 to force a mismatch if the count is odd,
242			 * i.e. if a migration is in-progress.
243			 */
244			snapshot = atomic_read(&seq_cnt) & ~1;
245
246			/*
247			 * Ensure calling getcpu() and reading rseq.cpu_id complete
248			 * in a single "no migration" window, i.e. are not reordered
249			 * across the seq_cnt reads.
250			 */
251			smp_rmb();
252			sys_getcpu(&cpu);
253			rseq_cpu = rseq_current_cpu_raw();
254			smp_rmb();
255		} while (snapshot != atomic_read(&seq_cnt));
256
257		TEST_ASSERT(rseq_cpu == cpu,
258			    "rseq CPU = %d, sched CPU = %d\n", rseq_cpu, cpu);
259	}
260
261	/*
262	 * Sanity check that the test was able to enter the guest a reasonable
263	 * number of times, e.g. didn't get stalled too often/long waiting for
264	 * getcpu() to stabilize.  A 2:1 migration:KVM_RUN ratio is a fairly
265	 * conservative ratio on x86-64, which can do _more_ KVM_RUNs than
266	 * migrations given the 1us+ delay in the migration task.
267	 */
268	TEST_ASSERT(i > (NR_TASK_MIGRATIONS / 2),
269		    "Only performed %d KVM_RUNs, task stalled too much?\n", i);
270
271	pthread_join(migration_thread, NULL);
272
273	kvm_vm_free(vm);
274
275	rseq_unregister_current_thread();
276
277	return 0;
278}