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1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2//
3// ASoC simple sound card support
4//
5// Copyright (C) 2012 Renesas Solutions Corp.
6// Kuninori Morimoto <kuninori.morimoto.gx@renesas.com>
7
8#include <linux/clk.h>
9#include <linux/device.h>
10#include <linux/module.h>
11#include <linux/of.h>
12#include <linux/of_device.h>
13#include <linux/platform_device.h>
14#include <linux/string.h>
15#include <sound/simple_card.h>
16#include <sound/soc-dai.h>
17#include <sound/soc.h>
18
19#define DPCM_SELECTABLE 1
20
21#define DAI "sound-dai"
22#define CELL "#sound-dai-cells"
23#define PREFIX "simple-audio-card,"
24
25static const struct snd_soc_ops simple_ops = {
26 .startup = asoc_simple_startup,
27 .shutdown = asoc_simple_shutdown,
28 .hw_params = asoc_simple_hw_params,
29};
30
31static int asoc_simple_parse_platform(struct device_node *node,
32 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *dlc)
33{
34 struct of_phandle_args args;
35 int ret;
36
37 if (!node)
38 return 0;
39
40 /*
41 * Get node via "sound-dai = <&phandle port>"
42 * it will be used as xxx_of_node on soc_bind_dai_link()
43 */
44 ret = of_parse_phandle_with_args(node, DAI, CELL, 0, &args);
45 if (ret)
46 return ret;
47
48 /* dai_name is not required and may not exist for plat component */
49
50 dlc->of_node = args.np;
51
52 return 0;
53}
54
55static int asoc_simple_parse_dai(struct device_node *node,
56 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *dlc,
57 int *is_single_link)
58{
59 struct of_phandle_args args;
60 int ret;
61
62 if (!node)
63 return 0;
64
65 /*
66 * Get node via "sound-dai = <&phandle port>"
67 * it will be used as xxx_of_node on soc_bind_dai_link()
68 */
69 ret = of_parse_phandle_with_args(node, DAI, CELL, 0, &args);
70 if (ret)
71 return ret;
72
73 /*
74 * FIXME
75 *
76 * Here, dlc->dai_name is pointer to CPU/Codec DAI name.
77 * If user unbinded CPU or Codec driver, but not for Sound Card,
78 * dlc->dai_name is keeping unbinded CPU or Codec
79 * driver's pointer.
80 *
81 * If user re-bind CPU or Codec driver again, ALSA SoC will try
82 * to rebind Card via snd_soc_try_rebind_card(), but because of
83 * above reason, it might can't bind Sound Card.
84 * Because Sound Card is pointing to released dai_name pointer.
85 *
86 * To avoid this rebind Card issue,
87 * 1) It needs to alloc memory to keep dai_name eventhough
88 * CPU or Codec driver was unbinded, or
89 * 2) user need to rebind Sound Card everytime
90 * if he unbinded CPU or Codec.
91 */
92 ret = snd_soc_of_get_dai_name(node, &dlc->dai_name);
93 if (ret < 0)
94 return ret;
95
96 dlc->of_node = args.np;
97
98 if (is_single_link)
99 *is_single_link = !args.args_count;
100
101 return 0;
102}
103
104static void simple_parse_convert(struct device *dev,
105 struct device_node *np,
106 struct asoc_simple_data *adata)
107{
108 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
109 struct device_node *node = of_get_parent(np);
110
111 asoc_simple_parse_convert(top, PREFIX, adata);
112 asoc_simple_parse_convert(node, PREFIX, adata);
113 asoc_simple_parse_convert(node, NULL, adata);
114 asoc_simple_parse_convert(np, NULL, adata);
115
116 of_node_put(node);
117}
118
119static void simple_parse_mclk_fs(struct device_node *top,
120 struct device_node *np,
121 struct simple_dai_props *props,
122 char *prefix)
123{
124 struct device_node *node = of_get_parent(np);
125 char prop[128];
126
127 snprintf(prop, sizeof(prop), "%smclk-fs", PREFIX);
128 of_property_read_u32(top, prop, &props->mclk_fs);
129
130 snprintf(prop, sizeof(prop), "%smclk-fs", prefix);
131 of_property_read_u32(node, prop, &props->mclk_fs);
132 of_property_read_u32(np, prop, &props->mclk_fs);
133
134 of_node_put(node);
135}
136
137static int simple_parse_node(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
138 struct device_node *np,
139 struct link_info *li,
140 char *prefix,
141 int *cpu)
142{
143 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
144 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
145 struct snd_soc_dai_link *dai_link = simple_priv_to_link(priv, li->link);
146 struct simple_dai_props *dai_props = simple_priv_to_props(priv, li->link);
147 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *dlc;
148 struct asoc_simple_dai *dai;
149 int ret;
150
151 if (cpu) {
152 dlc = asoc_link_to_cpu(dai_link, 0);
153 dai = simple_props_to_dai_cpu(dai_props, 0);
154 } else {
155 dlc = asoc_link_to_codec(dai_link, 0);
156 dai = simple_props_to_dai_codec(dai_props, 0);
157 }
158
159 simple_parse_mclk_fs(top, np, dai_props, prefix);
160
161 ret = asoc_simple_parse_dai(np, dlc, cpu);
162 if (ret)
163 return ret;
164
165 ret = asoc_simple_parse_clk(dev, np, dai, dlc);
166 if (ret)
167 return ret;
168
169 ret = asoc_simple_parse_tdm(np, dai);
170 if (ret)
171 return ret;
172
173 return 0;
174}
175
176static int simple_link_init(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
177 struct device_node *node,
178 struct device_node *codec,
179 struct link_info *li,
180 char *prefix, char *name)
181{
182 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
183 struct snd_soc_dai_link *dai_link = simple_priv_to_link(priv, li->link);
184 int ret;
185
186 ret = asoc_simple_parse_daifmt(dev, node, codec,
187 prefix, &dai_link->dai_fmt);
188 if (ret < 0)
189 return 0;
190
191 dai_link->init = asoc_simple_dai_init;
192 dai_link->ops = &simple_ops;
193
194 return asoc_simple_set_dailink_name(dev, dai_link, name);
195}
196
197static int simple_dai_link_of_dpcm(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
198 struct device_node *np,
199 struct device_node *codec,
200 struct link_info *li,
201 bool is_top)
202{
203 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
204 struct snd_soc_dai_link *dai_link = simple_priv_to_link(priv, li->link);
205 struct simple_dai_props *dai_props = simple_priv_to_props(priv, li->link);
206 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
207 struct device_node *node = of_get_parent(np);
208 char *prefix = "";
209 char dai_name[64];
210 int ret;
211
212 dev_dbg(dev, "link_of DPCM (%pOF)\n", np);
213
214 /* For single DAI link & old style of DT node */
215 if (is_top)
216 prefix = PREFIX;
217
218 if (li->cpu) {
219 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *cpus = asoc_link_to_cpu(dai_link, 0);
220 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *platforms = asoc_link_to_platform(dai_link, 0);
221 int is_single_links = 0;
222
223 /* Codec is dummy */
224
225 /* FE settings */
226 dai_link->dynamic = 1;
227 dai_link->dpcm_merged_format = 1;
228
229 ret = simple_parse_node(priv, np, li, prefix, &is_single_links);
230 if (ret < 0)
231 goto out_put_node;
232
233 snprintf(dai_name, sizeof(dai_name), "fe.%s", cpus->dai_name);
234
235 asoc_simple_canonicalize_cpu(cpus, is_single_links);
236 asoc_simple_canonicalize_platform(platforms, cpus);
237 } else {
238 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *codecs = asoc_link_to_codec(dai_link, 0);
239 struct snd_soc_codec_conf *cconf;
240
241 /* CPU is dummy */
242
243 /* BE settings */
244 dai_link->no_pcm = 1;
245 dai_link->be_hw_params_fixup = asoc_simple_be_hw_params_fixup;
246
247 cconf = simple_props_to_codec_conf(dai_props, 0);
248
249 ret = simple_parse_node(priv, np, li, prefix, NULL);
250 if (ret < 0)
251 goto out_put_node;
252
253 snprintf(dai_name, sizeof(dai_name), "be.%s", codecs->dai_name);
254
255 /* check "prefix" from top node */
256 snd_soc_of_parse_node_prefix(top, cconf, codecs->of_node,
257 PREFIX "prefix");
258 snd_soc_of_parse_node_prefix(node, cconf, codecs->of_node,
259 "prefix");
260 snd_soc_of_parse_node_prefix(np, cconf, codecs->of_node,
261 "prefix");
262 }
263
264 simple_parse_convert(dev, np, &dai_props->adata);
265
266 snd_soc_dai_link_set_capabilities(dai_link);
267
268 ret = simple_link_init(priv, node, codec, li, prefix, dai_name);
269
270out_put_node:
271 li->link++;
272
273 of_node_put(node);
274 return ret;
275}
276
277static int simple_dai_link_of(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
278 struct device_node *np,
279 struct device_node *codec,
280 struct link_info *li,
281 bool is_top)
282{
283 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
284 struct snd_soc_dai_link *dai_link = simple_priv_to_link(priv, li->link);
285 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *cpus = asoc_link_to_cpu(dai_link, 0);
286 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *codecs = asoc_link_to_codec(dai_link, 0);
287 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *platforms = asoc_link_to_platform(dai_link, 0);
288 struct device_node *cpu = NULL;
289 struct device_node *node = NULL;
290 struct device_node *plat = NULL;
291 char dai_name[64];
292 char prop[128];
293 char *prefix = "";
294 int ret, single_cpu = 0;
295
296 cpu = np;
297 node = of_get_parent(np);
298
299 dev_dbg(dev, "link_of (%pOF)\n", node);
300
301 /* For single DAI link & old style of DT node */
302 if (is_top)
303 prefix = PREFIX;
304
305 snprintf(prop, sizeof(prop), "%splat", prefix);
306 plat = of_get_child_by_name(node, prop);
307
308 ret = simple_parse_node(priv, cpu, li, prefix, &single_cpu);
309 if (ret < 0)
310 goto dai_link_of_err;
311
312 ret = simple_parse_node(priv, codec, li, prefix, NULL);
313 if (ret < 0)
314 goto dai_link_of_err;
315
316 ret = asoc_simple_parse_platform(plat, platforms);
317 if (ret < 0)
318 goto dai_link_of_err;
319
320 snprintf(dai_name, sizeof(dai_name),
321 "%s-%s", cpus->dai_name, codecs->dai_name);
322
323 asoc_simple_canonicalize_cpu(cpus, single_cpu);
324 asoc_simple_canonicalize_platform(platforms, cpus);
325
326 ret = simple_link_init(priv, node, codec, li, prefix, dai_name);
327
328dai_link_of_err:
329 of_node_put(plat);
330 of_node_put(node);
331
332 li->link++;
333
334 return ret;
335}
336
337static int __simple_for_each_link(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
338 struct link_info *li,
339 int (*func_noml)(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
340 struct device_node *np,
341 struct device_node *codec,
342 struct link_info *li, bool is_top),
343 int (*func_dpcm)(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
344 struct device_node *np,
345 struct device_node *codec,
346 struct link_info *li, bool is_top))
347{
348 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
349 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
350 struct device_node *node;
351 uintptr_t dpcm_selectable = (uintptr_t)of_device_get_match_data(dev);
352 bool is_top = 0;
353 int ret = 0;
354
355 /* Check if it has dai-link */
356 node = of_get_child_by_name(top, PREFIX "dai-link");
357 if (!node) {
358 node = of_node_get(top);
359 is_top = 1;
360 }
361
362 /* loop for all dai-link */
363 do {
364 struct asoc_simple_data adata;
365 struct device_node *codec;
366 struct device_node *plat;
367 struct device_node *np;
368 int num = of_get_child_count(node);
369
370 /* get codec */
371 codec = of_get_child_by_name(node, is_top ?
372 PREFIX "codec" : "codec");
373 if (!codec) {
374 ret = -ENODEV;
375 goto error;
376 }
377 /* get platform */
378 plat = of_get_child_by_name(node, is_top ?
379 PREFIX "plat" : "plat");
380
381 /* get convert-xxx property */
382 memset(&adata, 0, sizeof(adata));
383 for_each_child_of_node(node, np)
384 simple_parse_convert(dev, np, &adata);
385
386 /* loop for all CPU/Codec node */
387 for_each_child_of_node(node, np) {
388 if (plat == np)
389 continue;
390 /*
391 * It is DPCM
392 * if it has many CPUs,
393 * or has convert-xxx property
394 */
395 if (dpcm_selectable &&
396 (num > 2 || asoc_simple_is_convert_required(&adata))) {
397 /*
398 * np
399 * |1(CPU)|0(Codec) li->cpu
400 * CPU |Pass |return
401 * Codec |return|Pass
402 */
403 if (li->cpu != (np == codec))
404 ret = func_dpcm(priv, np, codec, li, is_top);
405 /* else normal sound */
406 } else {
407 /*
408 * np
409 * |1(CPU)|0(Codec) li->cpu
410 * CPU |Pass |return
411 * Codec |return|return
412 */
413 if (li->cpu && (np != codec))
414 ret = func_noml(priv, np, codec, li, is_top);
415 }
416
417 if (ret < 0) {
418 of_node_put(codec);
419 of_node_put(np);
420 goto error;
421 }
422 }
423
424 of_node_put(codec);
425 node = of_get_next_child(top, node);
426 } while (!is_top && node);
427
428 error:
429 of_node_put(node);
430 return ret;
431}
432
433static int simple_for_each_link(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
434 struct link_info *li,
435 int (*func_noml)(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
436 struct device_node *np,
437 struct device_node *codec,
438 struct link_info *li, bool is_top),
439 int (*func_dpcm)(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
440 struct device_node *np,
441 struct device_node *codec,
442 struct link_info *li, bool is_top))
443{
444 int ret;
445 /*
446 * Detect all CPU first, and Detect all Codec 2nd.
447 *
448 * In Normal sound case, all DAIs are detected
449 * as "CPU-Codec".
450 *
451 * In DPCM sound case,
452 * all CPUs are detected as "CPU-dummy", and
453 * all Codecs are detected as "dummy-Codec".
454 * To avoid random sub-device numbering,
455 * detect "dummy-Codec" in last;
456 */
457 for (li->cpu = 1; li->cpu >= 0; li->cpu--) {
458 ret = __simple_for_each_link(priv, li, func_noml, func_dpcm);
459 if (ret < 0)
460 break;
461 }
462
463 return ret;
464}
465
466static int simple_parse_of(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv, struct link_info *li)
467{
468 struct snd_soc_card *card = simple_priv_to_card(priv);
469 int ret;
470
471 ret = asoc_simple_parse_widgets(card, PREFIX);
472 if (ret < 0)
473 return ret;
474
475 ret = asoc_simple_parse_routing(card, PREFIX);
476 if (ret < 0)
477 return ret;
478
479 ret = asoc_simple_parse_pin_switches(card, PREFIX);
480 if (ret < 0)
481 return ret;
482
483 /* Single/Muti DAI link(s) & New style of DT node */
484 memset(li, 0, sizeof(*li));
485 ret = simple_for_each_link(priv, li,
486 simple_dai_link_of,
487 simple_dai_link_of_dpcm);
488 if (ret < 0)
489 return ret;
490
491 ret = asoc_simple_parse_card_name(card, PREFIX);
492 if (ret < 0)
493 return ret;
494
495 ret = snd_soc_of_parse_aux_devs(card, PREFIX "aux-devs");
496
497 return ret;
498}
499
500static int simple_count_noml(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
501 struct device_node *np,
502 struct device_node *codec,
503 struct link_info *li, bool is_top)
504{
505 if (li->link >= SNDRV_MAX_LINKS) {
506 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
507
508 dev_err(dev, "too many links\n");
509 return -EINVAL;
510 }
511
512 li->num[li->link].cpus = 1;
513 li->num[li->link].codecs = 1;
514 li->num[li->link].platforms = 1;
515
516 li->link += 1;
517
518 return 0;
519}
520
521static int simple_count_dpcm(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
522 struct device_node *np,
523 struct device_node *codec,
524 struct link_info *li, bool is_top)
525{
526 if (li->link >= SNDRV_MAX_LINKS) {
527 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
528
529 dev_err(dev, "too many links\n");
530 return -EINVAL;
531 }
532
533 if (li->cpu) {
534 li->num[li->link].cpus = 1;
535 li->num[li->link].platforms = 1;
536
537 li->link++; /* CPU-dummy */
538 } else {
539 li->num[li->link].codecs = 1;
540
541 li->link++; /* dummy-Codec */
542 }
543
544 return 0;
545}
546
547static int simple_get_dais_count(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
548 struct link_info *li)
549{
550 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
551 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
552
553 /*
554 * link_num : number of links.
555 * CPU-Codec / CPU-dummy / dummy-Codec
556 * dais_num : number of DAIs
557 * ccnf_num : number of codec_conf
558 * same number for "dummy-Codec"
559 *
560 * ex1)
561 * CPU0 --- Codec0 link : 5
562 * CPU1 --- Codec1 dais : 7
563 * CPU2 -/ ccnf : 1
564 * CPU3 --- Codec2
565 *
566 * => 5 links = 2xCPU-Codec + 2xCPU-dummy + 1xdummy-Codec
567 * => 7 DAIs = 4xCPU + 3xCodec
568 * => 1 ccnf = 1xdummy-Codec
569 *
570 * ex2)
571 * CPU0 --- Codec0 link : 5
572 * CPU1 --- Codec1 dais : 6
573 * CPU2 -/ ccnf : 1
574 * CPU3 -/
575 *
576 * => 5 links = 1xCPU-Codec + 3xCPU-dummy + 1xdummy-Codec
577 * => 6 DAIs = 4xCPU + 2xCodec
578 * => 1 ccnf = 1xdummy-Codec
579 *
580 * ex3)
581 * CPU0 --- Codec0 link : 6
582 * CPU1 -/ dais : 6
583 * CPU2 --- Codec1 ccnf : 2
584 * CPU3 -/
585 *
586 * => 6 links = 0xCPU-Codec + 4xCPU-dummy + 2xdummy-Codec
587 * => 6 DAIs = 4xCPU + 2xCodec
588 * => 2 ccnf = 2xdummy-Codec
589 *
590 * ex4)
591 * CPU0 --- Codec0 (convert-rate) link : 3
592 * CPU1 --- Codec1 dais : 4
593 * ccnf : 1
594 *
595 * => 3 links = 1xCPU-Codec + 1xCPU-dummy + 1xdummy-Codec
596 * => 4 DAIs = 2xCPU + 2xCodec
597 * => 1 ccnf = 1xdummy-Codec
598 */
599 if (!top) {
600 li->num[0].cpus = 1;
601 li->num[0].codecs = 1;
602 li->num[0].platforms = 1;
603
604 li->link = 1;
605 return 0;
606 }
607
608 return simple_for_each_link(priv, li,
609 simple_count_noml,
610 simple_count_dpcm);
611}
612
613static int simple_soc_probe(struct snd_soc_card *card)
614{
615 struct asoc_simple_priv *priv = snd_soc_card_get_drvdata(card);
616 int ret;
617
618 ret = asoc_simple_init_hp(card, &priv->hp_jack, PREFIX);
619 if (ret < 0)
620 return ret;
621
622 ret = asoc_simple_init_mic(card, &priv->mic_jack, PREFIX);
623 if (ret < 0)
624 return ret;
625
626 return 0;
627}
628
629static int asoc_simple_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
630{
631 struct asoc_simple_priv *priv;
632 struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
633 struct device_node *np = dev->of_node;
634 struct snd_soc_card *card;
635 struct link_info *li;
636 int ret;
637
638 /* Allocate the private data and the DAI link array */
639 priv = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
640 if (!priv)
641 return -ENOMEM;
642
643 card = simple_priv_to_card(priv);
644 card->owner = THIS_MODULE;
645 card->dev = dev;
646 card->probe = simple_soc_probe;
647 card->driver_name = "simple-card";
648
649 li = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*li), GFP_KERNEL);
650 if (!li)
651 return -ENOMEM;
652
653 ret = simple_get_dais_count(priv, li);
654 if (ret < 0)
655 return ret;
656
657 if (!li->link)
658 return -EINVAL;
659
660 ret = asoc_simple_init_priv(priv, li);
661 if (ret < 0)
662 return ret;
663
664 if (np && of_device_is_available(np)) {
665
666 ret = simple_parse_of(priv, li);
667 if (ret < 0) {
668 dev_err_probe(dev, ret, "parse error\n");
669 goto err;
670 }
671
672 } else {
673 struct asoc_simple_card_info *cinfo;
674 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *cpus;
675 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *codecs;
676 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *platform;
677 struct snd_soc_dai_link *dai_link = priv->dai_link;
678 struct simple_dai_props *dai_props = priv->dai_props;
679
680 cinfo = dev->platform_data;
681 if (!cinfo) {
682 dev_err(dev, "no info for asoc-simple-card\n");
683 return -EINVAL;
684 }
685
686 if (!cinfo->name ||
687 !cinfo->codec_dai.name ||
688 !cinfo->codec ||
689 !cinfo->platform ||
690 !cinfo->cpu_dai.name) {
691 dev_err(dev, "insufficient asoc_simple_card_info settings\n");
692 return -EINVAL;
693 }
694
695 cpus = dai_link->cpus;
696 cpus->dai_name = cinfo->cpu_dai.name;
697
698 codecs = dai_link->codecs;
699 codecs->name = cinfo->codec;
700 codecs->dai_name = cinfo->codec_dai.name;
701
702 platform = dai_link->platforms;
703 platform->name = cinfo->platform;
704
705 card->name = (cinfo->card) ? cinfo->card : cinfo->name;
706 dai_link->name = cinfo->name;
707 dai_link->stream_name = cinfo->name;
708 dai_link->dai_fmt = cinfo->daifmt;
709 dai_link->init = asoc_simple_dai_init;
710 memcpy(dai_props->cpu_dai, &cinfo->cpu_dai,
711 sizeof(*dai_props->cpu_dai));
712 memcpy(dai_props->codec_dai, &cinfo->codec_dai,
713 sizeof(*dai_props->codec_dai));
714 }
715
716 snd_soc_card_set_drvdata(card, priv);
717
718 asoc_simple_debug_info(priv);
719
720 ret = devm_snd_soc_register_card(dev, card);
721 if (ret < 0)
722 goto err;
723
724 devm_kfree(dev, li);
725 return 0;
726err:
727 asoc_simple_clean_reference(card);
728
729 return ret;
730}
731
732static const struct of_device_id simple_of_match[] = {
733 { .compatible = "simple-audio-card", },
734 { .compatible = "simple-scu-audio-card",
735 .data = (void *)DPCM_SELECTABLE },
736 {},
737};
738MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, simple_of_match);
739
740static struct platform_driver asoc_simple_card = {
741 .driver = {
742 .name = "asoc-simple-card",
743 .pm = &snd_soc_pm_ops,
744 .of_match_table = simple_of_match,
745 },
746 .probe = asoc_simple_probe,
747 .remove = asoc_simple_remove,
748};
749
750module_platform_driver(asoc_simple_card);
751
752MODULE_ALIAS("platform:asoc-simple-card");
753MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
754MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ASoC Simple Sound Card");
755MODULE_AUTHOR("Kuninori Morimoto <kuninori.morimoto.gx@renesas.com>");
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2//
3// ASoC simple sound card support
4//
5// Copyright (C) 2012 Renesas Solutions Corp.
6// Kuninori Morimoto <kuninori.morimoto.gx@renesas.com>
7
8#include <linux/clk.h>
9#include <linux/device.h>
10#include <linux/module.h>
11#include <linux/of.h>
12#include <linux/of_device.h>
13#include <linux/platform_device.h>
14#include <linux/string.h>
15#include <sound/simple_card.h>
16#include <sound/soc-dai.h>
17#include <sound/soc.h>
18
19#define DPCM_SELECTABLE 1
20
21#define DAI "sound-dai"
22#define CELL "#sound-dai-cells"
23#define PREFIX "simple-audio-card,"
24
25static const struct snd_soc_ops simple_ops = {
26 .startup = asoc_simple_startup,
27 .shutdown = asoc_simple_shutdown,
28 .hw_params = asoc_simple_hw_params,
29};
30
31static int asoc_simple_parse_dai(struct device_node *node,
32 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *dlc,
33 int *is_single_link)
34{
35 struct of_phandle_args args;
36 int ret;
37
38 if (!node)
39 return 0;
40
41 /*
42 * Get node via "sound-dai = <&phandle port>"
43 * it will be used as xxx_of_node on soc_bind_dai_link()
44 */
45 ret = of_parse_phandle_with_args(node, DAI, CELL, 0, &args);
46 if (ret)
47 return ret;
48
49 /*
50 * FIXME
51 *
52 * Here, dlc->dai_name is pointer to CPU/Codec DAI name.
53 * If user unbinded CPU or Codec driver, but not for Sound Card,
54 * dlc->dai_name is keeping unbinded CPU or Codec
55 * driver's pointer.
56 *
57 * If user re-bind CPU or Codec driver again, ALSA SoC will try
58 * to rebind Card via snd_soc_try_rebind_card(), but because of
59 * above reason, it might can't bind Sound Card.
60 * Because Sound Card is pointing to released dai_name pointer.
61 *
62 * To avoid this rebind Card issue,
63 * 1) It needs to alloc memory to keep dai_name eventhough
64 * CPU or Codec driver was unbinded, or
65 * 2) user need to rebind Sound Card everytime
66 * if he unbinded CPU or Codec.
67 */
68 ret = snd_soc_of_get_dai_name(node, &dlc->dai_name);
69 if (ret < 0)
70 return ret;
71
72 dlc->of_node = args.np;
73
74 if (is_single_link)
75 *is_single_link = !args.args_count;
76
77 return 0;
78}
79
80static void simple_parse_convert(struct device *dev,
81 struct device_node *np,
82 struct asoc_simple_data *adata)
83{
84 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
85 struct device_node *node = of_get_parent(np);
86
87 asoc_simple_parse_convert(dev, top, PREFIX, adata);
88 asoc_simple_parse_convert(dev, node, PREFIX, adata);
89 asoc_simple_parse_convert(dev, node, NULL, adata);
90 asoc_simple_parse_convert(dev, np, NULL, adata);
91
92 of_node_put(node);
93}
94
95static void simple_parse_mclk_fs(struct device_node *top,
96 struct device_node *cpu,
97 struct device_node *codec,
98 struct simple_dai_props *props,
99 char *prefix)
100{
101 struct device_node *node = of_get_parent(cpu);
102 char prop[128];
103
104 snprintf(prop, sizeof(prop), "%smclk-fs", PREFIX);
105 of_property_read_u32(top, prop, &props->mclk_fs);
106
107 snprintf(prop, sizeof(prop), "%smclk-fs", prefix);
108 of_property_read_u32(node, prop, &props->mclk_fs);
109 of_property_read_u32(cpu, prop, &props->mclk_fs);
110 of_property_read_u32(codec, prop, &props->mclk_fs);
111
112 of_node_put(node);
113}
114
115static int simple_dai_link_of_dpcm(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
116 struct device_node *np,
117 struct device_node *codec,
118 struct link_info *li,
119 bool is_top)
120{
121 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
122 struct snd_soc_dai_link *dai_link = simple_priv_to_link(priv, li->link);
123 struct simple_dai_props *dai_props = simple_priv_to_props(priv, li->link);
124 struct asoc_simple_dai *dai;
125 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *cpus = dai_link->cpus;
126 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *codecs = dai_link->codecs;
127 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
128 struct device_node *node = of_get_parent(np);
129 char *prefix = "";
130 int ret;
131
132 /*
133 * |CPU |Codec : turn
134 * CPU |Pass |return
135 * Codec |return|Pass
136 * np
137 */
138 if (li->cpu == (np == codec))
139 return 0;
140
141 dev_dbg(dev, "link_of DPCM (%pOF)\n", np);
142
143 li->link++;
144
145 /* For single DAI link & old style of DT node */
146 if (is_top)
147 prefix = PREFIX;
148
149 if (li->cpu) {
150 int is_single_links = 0;
151
152 /* BE is dummy */
153 codecs->of_node = NULL;
154 codecs->dai_name = "snd-soc-dummy-dai";
155 codecs->name = "snd-soc-dummy";
156
157 /* FE settings */
158 dai_link->dynamic = 1;
159 dai_link->dpcm_merged_format = 1;
160
161 dai =
162 dai_props->cpu_dai = &priv->dais[li->dais++];
163
164 ret = asoc_simple_parse_cpu(np, dai_link, &is_single_links);
165 if (ret)
166 goto out_put_node;
167
168 ret = asoc_simple_parse_clk_cpu(dev, np, dai_link, dai);
169 if (ret < 0)
170 goto out_put_node;
171
172 ret = asoc_simple_set_dailink_name(dev, dai_link,
173 "fe.%s",
174 cpus->dai_name);
175 if (ret < 0)
176 goto out_put_node;
177
178 asoc_simple_canonicalize_cpu(dai_link, is_single_links);
179 } else {
180 struct snd_soc_codec_conf *cconf;
181
182 /* FE is dummy */
183 cpus->of_node = NULL;
184 cpus->dai_name = "snd-soc-dummy-dai";
185 cpus->name = "snd-soc-dummy";
186
187 /* BE settings */
188 dai_link->no_pcm = 1;
189 dai_link->be_hw_params_fixup = asoc_simple_be_hw_params_fixup;
190
191 dai =
192 dai_props->codec_dai = &priv->dais[li->dais++];
193
194 cconf =
195 dai_props->codec_conf = &priv->codec_conf[li->conf++];
196
197 ret = asoc_simple_parse_codec(np, dai_link);
198 if (ret < 0)
199 goto out_put_node;
200
201 ret = asoc_simple_parse_clk_codec(dev, np, dai_link, dai);
202 if (ret < 0)
203 goto out_put_node;
204
205 ret = asoc_simple_set_dailink_name(dev, dai_link,
206 "be.%s",
207 codecs->dai_name);
208 if (ret < 0)
209 goto out_put_node;
210
211 /* check "prefix" from top node */
212 snd_soc_of_parse_node_prefix(top, cconf, codecs->of_node,
213 PREFIX "prefix");
214 snd_soc_of_parse_node_prefix(node, cconf, codecs->of_node,
215 "prefix");
216 snd_soc_of_parse_node_prefix(np, cconf, codecs->of_node,
217 "prefix");
218 }
219
220 simple_parse_convert(dev, np, &dai_props->adata);
221 simple_parse_mclk_fs(top, np, codec, dai_props, prefix);
222
223 asoc_simple_canonicalize_platform(dai_link);
224
225 ret = asoc_simple_parse_tdm(np, dai);
226 if (ret)
227 goto out_put_node;
228
229 ret = asoc_simple_parse_daifmt(dev, node, codec,
230 prefix, &dai_link->dai_fmt);
231 if (ret < 0)
232 goto out_put_node;
233
234 dai_link->dpcm_playback = 1;
235 dai_link->dpcm_capture = 1;
236 dai_link->ops = &simple_ops;
237 dai_link->init = asoc_simple_dai_init;
238
239out_put_node:
240 of_node_put(node);
241 return ret;
242}
243
244static int simple_dai_link_of(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
245 struct device_node *np,
246 struct device_node *codec,
247 struct link_info *li,
248 bool is_top)
249{
250 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
251 struct snd_soc_dai_link *dai_link = simple_priv_to_link(priv, li->link);
252 struct simple_dai_props *dai_props = simple_priv_to_props(priv, li->link);
253 struct asoc_simple_dai *cpu_dai;
254 struct asoc_simple_dai *codec_dai;
255 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
256 struct device_node *cpu = NULL;
257 struct device_node *node = NULL;
258 struct device_node *plat = NULL;
259 char prop[128];
260 char *prefix = "";
261 int ret, single_cpu;
262
263 /*
264 * |CPU |Codec : turn
265 * CPU |Pass |return
266 * Codec |return|return
267 * np
268 */
269 if (!li->cpu || np == codec)
270 return 0;
271
272 cpu = np;
273 node = of_get_parent(np);
274 li->link++;
275
276 dev_dbg(dev, "link_of (%pOF)\n", node);
277
278 /* For single DAI link & old style of DT node */
279 if (is_top)
280 prefix = PREFIX;
281
282 snprintf(prop, sizeof(prop), "%splat", prefix);
283 plat = of_get_child_by_name(node, prop);
284
285 cpu_dai =
286 dai_props->cpu_dai = &priv->dais[li->dais++];
287 codec_dai =
288 dai_props->codec_dai = &priv->dais[li->dais++];
289
290 ret = asoc_simple_parse_daifmt(dev, node, codec,
291 prefix, &dai_link->dai_fmt);
292 if (ret < 0)
293 goto dai_link_of_err;
294
295 simple_parse_mclk_fs(top, cpu, codec, dai_props, prefix);
296
297 ret = asoc_simple_parse_cpu(cpu, dai_link, &single_cpu);
298 if (ret < 0)
299 goto dai_link_of_err;
300
301 ret = asoc_simple_parse_codec(codec, dai_link);
302 if (ret < 0)
303 goto dai_link_of_err;
304
305 ret = asoc_simple_parse_platform(plat, dai_link);
306 if (ret < 0)
307 goto dai_link_of_err;
308
309 ret = asoc_simple_parse_tdm(cpu, cpu_dai);
310 if (ret < 0)
311 goto dai_link_of_err;
312
313 ret = asoc_simple_parse_tdm(codec, codec_dai);
314 if (ret < 0)
315 goto dai_link_of_err;
316
317 ret = asoc_simple_parse_clk_cpu(dev, cpu, dai_link, cpu_dai);
318 if (ret < 0)
319 goto dai_link_of_err;
320
321 ret = asoc_simple_parse_clk_codec(dev, codec, dai_link, codec_dai);
322 if (ret < 0)
323 goto dai_link_of_err;
324
325 ret = asoc_simple_set_dailink_name(dev, dai_link,
326 "%s-%s",
327 dai_link->cpus->dai_name,
328 dai_link->codecs->dai_name);
329 if (ret < 0)
330 goto dai_link_of_err;
331
332 dai_link->ops = &simple_ops;
333 dai_link->init = asoc_simple_dai_init;
334
335 asoc_simple_canonicalize_cpu(dai_link, single_cpu);
336 asoc_simple_canonicalize_platform(dai_link);
337
338dai_link_of_err:
339 of_node_put(plat);
340 of_node_put(node);
341
342 return ret;
343}
344
345static int simple_for_each_link(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
346 struct link_info *li,
347 int (*func_noml)(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
348 struct device_node *np,
349 struct device_node *codec,
350 struct link_info *li, bool is_top),
351 int (*func_dpcm)(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
352 struct device_node *np,
353 struct device_node *codec,
354 struct link_info *li, bool is_top))
355{
356 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
357 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
358 struct device_node *node;
359 uintptr_t dpcm_selectable = (uintptr_t)of_device_get_match_data(dev);
360 bool is_top = 0;
361 int ret = 0;
362
363 /* Check if it has dai-link */
364 node = of_get_child_by_name(top, PREFIX "dai-link");
365 if (!node) {
366 node = of_node_get(top);
367 is_top = 1;
368 }
369
370 /* loop for all dai-link */
371 do {
372 struct asoc_simple_data adata;
373 struct device_node *codec;
374 struct device_node *np;
375 int num = of_get_child_count(node);
376
377 /* get codec */
378 codec = of_get_child_by_name(node, is_top ?
379 PREFIX "codec" : "codec");
380 if (!codec) {
381 ret = -ENODEV;
382 goto error;
383 }
384
385 /* get convert-xxx property */
386 memset(&adata, 0, sizeof(adata));
387 for_each_child_of_node(node, np)
388 simple_parse_convert(dev, np, &adata);
389
390 /* loop for all CPU/Codec node */
391 for_each_child_of_node(node, np) {
392 /*
393 * It is DPCM
394 * if it has many CPUs,
395 * or has convert-xxx property
396 */
397 if (dpcm_selectable &&
398 (num > 2 ||
399 adata.convert_rate || adata.convert_channels))
400 ret = func_dpcm(priv, np, codec, li, is_top);
401 /* else normal sound */
402 else
403 ret = func_noml(priv, np, codec, li, is_top);
404
405 if (ret < 0) {
406 of_node_put(codec);
407 of_node_put(np);
408 goto error;
409 }
410 }
411
412 of_node_put(codec);
413 node = of_get_next_child(top, node);
414 } while (!is_top && node);
415
416 error:
417 of_node_put(node);
418 return ret;
419}
420
421static int simple_parse_aux_devs(struct device_node *node,
422 struct asoc_simple_priv *priv)
423{
424 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
425 struct device_node *aux_node;
426 struct snd_soc_card *card = simple_priv_to_card(priv);
427 int i, n, len;
428
429 if (!of_find_property(node, PREFIX "aux-devs", &len))
430 return 0; /* Ok to have no aux-devs */
431
432 n = len / sizeof(__be32);
433 if (n <= 0)
434 return -EINVAL;
435
436 card->aux_dev = devm_kcalloc(dev,
437 n, sizeof(*card->aux_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
438 if (!card->aux_dev)
439 return -ENOMEM;
440
441 for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
442 aux_node = of_parse_phandle(node, PREFIX "aux-devs", i);
443 if (!aux_node)
444 return -EINVAL;
445 card->aux_dev[i].dlc.of_node = aux_node;
446 }
447
448 card->num_aux_devs = n;
449 return 0;
450}
451
452static int simple_parse_of(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv)
453{
454 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
455 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
456 struct snd_soc_card *card = simple_priv_to_card(priv);
457 struct link_info li;
458 int ret;
459
460 if (!top)
461 return -EINVAL;
462
463 ret = asoc_simple_parse_widgets(card, PREFIX);
464 if (ret < 0)
465 return ret;
466
467 ret = asoc_simple_parse_routing(card, PREFIX);
468 if (ret < 0)
469 return ret;
470
471 ret = asoc_simple_parse_pin_switches(card, PREFIX);
472 if (ret < 0)
473 return ret;
474
475 /* Single/Muti DAI link(s) & New style of DT node */
476 memset(&li, 0, sizeof(li));
477 for (li.cpu = 1; li.cpu >= 0; li.cpu--) {
478 /*
479 * Detect all CPU first, and Detect all Codec 2nd.
480 *
481 * In Normal sound case, all DAIs are detected
482 * as "CPU-Codec".
483 *
484 * In DPCM sound case,
485 * all CPUs are detected as "CPU-dummy", and
486 * all Codecs are detected as "dummy-Codec".
487 * To avoid random sub-device numbering,
488 * detect "dummy-Codec" in last;
489 */
490 ret = simple_for_each_link(priv, &li,
491 simple_dai_link_of,
492 simple_dai_link_of_dpcm);
493 if (ret < 0)
494 return ret;
495 }
496
497 ret = asoc_simple_parse_card_name(card, PREFIX);
498 if (ret < 0)
499 return ret;
500
501 ret = simple_parse_aux_devs(top, priv);
502
503 return ret;
504}
505
506static int simple_count_noml(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
507 struct device_node *np,
508 struct device_node *codec,
509 struct link_info *li, bool is_top)
510{
511 li->dais++; /* CPU or Codec */
512 if (np != codec)
513 li->link++; /* CPU-Codec */
514
515 return 0;
516}
517
518static int simple_count_dpcm(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
519 struct device_node *np,
520 struct device_node *codec,
521 struct link_info *li, bool is_top)
522{
523 li->dais++; /* CPU or Codec */
524 li->link++; /* CPU-dummy or dummy-Codec */
525 if (np == codec)
526 li->conf++;
527
528 return 0;
529}
530
531static void simple_get_dais_count(struct asoc_simple_priv *priv,
532 struct link_info *li)
533{
534 struct device *dev = simple_priv_to_dev(priv);
535 struct device_node *top = dev->of_node;
536
537 /*
538 * link_num : number of links.
539 * CPU-Codec / CPU-dummy / dummy-Codec
540 * dais_num : number of DAIs
541 * ccnf_num : number of codec_conf
542 * same number for "dummy-Codec"
543 *
544 * ex1)
545 * CPU0 --- Codec0 link : 5
546 * CPU1 --- Codec1 dais : 7
547 * CPU2 -/ ccnf : 1
548 * CPU3 --- Codec2
549 *
550 * => 5 links = 2xCPU-Codec + 2xCPU-dummy + 1xdummy-Codec
551 * => 7 DAIs = 4xCPU + 3xCodec
552 * => 1 ccnf = 1xdummy-Codec
553 *
554 * ex2)
555 * CPU0 --- Codec0 link : 5
556 * CPU1 --- Codec1 dais : 6
557 * CPU2 -/ ccnf : 1
558 * CPU3 -/
559 *
560 * => 5 links = 1xCPU-Codec + 3xCPU-dummy + 1xdummy-Codec
561 * => 6 DAIs = 4xCPU + 2xCodec
562 * => 1 ccnf = 1xdummy-Codec
563 *
564 * ex3)
565 * CPU0 --- Codec0 link : 6
566 * CPU1 -/ dais : 6
567 * CPU2 --- Codec1 ccnf : 2
568 * CPU3 -/
569 *
570 * => 6 links = 0xCPU-Codec + 4xCPU-dummy + 2xdummy-Codec
571 * => 6 DAIs = 4xCPU + 2xCodec
572 * => 2 ccnf = 2xdummy-Codec
573 *
574 * ex4)
575 * CPU0 --- Codec0 (convert-rate) link : 3
576 * CPU1 --- Codec1 dais : 4
577 * ccnf : 1
578 *
579 * => 3 links = 1xCPU-Codec + 1xCPU-dummy + 1xdummy-Codec
580 * => 4 DAIs = 2xCPU + 2xCodec
581 * => 1 ccnf = 1xdummy-Codec
582 */
583 if (!top) {
584 li->link = 1;
585 li->dais = 2;
586 li->conf = 0;
587 return;
588 }
589
590 simple_for_each_link(priv, li,
591 simple_count_noml,
592 simple_count_dpcm);
593
594 dev_dbg(dev, "link %d, dais %d, ccnf %d\n",
595 li->link, li->dais, li->conf);
596}
597
598static int simple_soc_probe(struct snd_soc_card *card)
599{
600 struct asoc_simple_priv *priv = snd_soc_card_get_drvdata(card);
601 int ret;
602
603 ret = asoc_simple_init_hp(card, &priv->hp_jack, PREFIX);
604 if (ret < 0)
605 return ret;
606
607 ret = asoc_simple_init_mic(card, &priv->mic_jack, PREFIX);
608 if (ret < 0)
609 return ret;
610
611 return 0;
612}
613
614static int asoc_simple_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
615{
616 struct asoc_simple_priv *priv;
617 struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
618 struct device_node *np = dev->of_node;
619 struct snd_soc_card *card;
620 struct link_info li;
621 int ret;
622
623 /* Allocate the private data and the DAI link array */
624 priv = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof(*priv), GFP_KERNEL);
625 if (!priv)
626 return -ENOMEM;
627
628 card = simple_priv_to_card(priv);
629 card->owner = THIS_MODULE;
630 card->dev = dev;
631 card->probe = simple_soc_probe;
632
633 memset(&li, 0, sizeof(li));
634 simple_get_dais_count(priv, &li);
635 if (!li.link || !li.dais)
636 return -EINVAL;
637
638 ret = asoc_simple_init_priv(priv, &li);
639 if (ret < 0)
640 return ret;
641
642 if (np && of_device_is_available(np)) {
643
644 ret = simple_parse_of(priv);
645 if (ret < 0) {
646 if (ret != -EPROBE_DEFER)
647 dev_err(dev, "parse error %d\n", ret);
648 goto err;
649 }
650
651 } else {
652 struct asoc_simple_card_info *cinfo;
653 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *cpus;
654 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *codecs;
655 struct snd_soc_dai_link_component *platform;
656 struct snd_soc_dai_link *dai_link = priv->dai_link;
657 struct simple_dai_props *dai_props = priv->dai_props;
658
659 int dai_idx = 0;
660
661 cinfo = dev->platform_data;
662 if (!cinfo) {
663 dev_err(dev, "no info for asoc-simple-card\n");
664 return -EINVAL;
665 }
666
667 if (!cinfo->name ||
668 !cinfo->codec_dai.name ||
669 !cinfo->codec ||
670 !cinfo->platform ||
671 !cinfo->cpu_dai.name) {
672 dev_err(dev, "insufficient asoc_simple_card_info settings\n");
673 return -EINVAL;
674 }
675
676 dai_props->cpu_dai = &priv->dais[dai_idx++];
677 dai_props->codec_dai = &priv->dais[dai_idx++];
678
679 cpus = dai_link->cpus;
680 cpus->dai_name = cinfo->cpu_dai.name;
681
682 codecs = dai_link->codecs;
683 codecs->name = cinfo->codec;
684 codecs->dai_name = cinfo->codec_dai.name;
685
686 platform = dai_link->platforms;
687 platform->name = cinfo->platform;
688
689 card->name = (cinfo->card) ? cinfo->card : cinfo->name;
690 dai_link->name = cinfo->name;
691 dai_link->stream_name = cinfo->name;
692 dai_link->dai_fmt = cinfo->daifmt;
693 dai_link->init = asoc_simple_dai_init;
694 memcpy(dai_props->cpu_dai, &cinfo->cpu_dai,
695 sizeof(*dai_props->cpu_dai));
696 memcpy(dai_props->codec_dai, &cinfo->codec_dai,
697 sizeof(*dai_props->codec_dai));
698 }
699
700 snd_soc_card_set_drvdata(card, priv);
701
702 asoc_simple_debug_info(priv);
703
704 ret = devm_snd_soc_register_card(dev, card);
705 if (ret < 0)
706 goto err;
707
708 return 0;
709err:
710 asoc_simple_clean_reference(card);
711
712 return ret;
713}
714
715static int asoc_simple_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
716{
717 struct snd_soc_card *card = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
718
719 return asoc_simple_clean_reference(card);
720}
721
722static const struct of_device_id simple_of_match[] = {
723 { .compatible = "simple-audio-card", },
724 { .compatible = "simple-scu-audio-card",
725 .data = (void *)DPCM_SELECTABLE },
726 {},
727};
728MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, simple_of_match);
729
730static struct platform_driver asoc_simple_card = {
731 .driver = {
732 .name = "asoc-simple-card",
733 .pm = &snd_soc_pm_ops,
734 .of_match_table = simple_of_match,
735 },
736 .probe = asoc_simple_probe,
737 .remove = asoc_simple_remove,
738};
739
740module_platform_driver(asoc_simple_card);
741
742MODULE_ALIAS("platform:asoc-simple-card");
743MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
744MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ASoC Simple Sound Card");
745MODULE_AUTHOR("Kuninori Morimoto <kuninori.morimoto.gx@renesas.com>");