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v6.2
  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
  2/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- *
  3 *
  4 *   Copyright 2000-2008 H. Peter Anvin - All Rights Reserved
  5 *   Copyright 2009 Intel Corporation; author: H. Peter Anvin
  6 *
 
 
 
 
 
 
  7 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
  8
  9/*
 10 * x86 MSR access device
 11 *
 12 * This device is accessed by lseek() to the appropriate register number
 13 * and then read/write in chunks of 8 bytes.  A larger size means multiple
 14 * reads or writes of the same register.
 15 *
 16 * This driver uses /dev/cpu/%d/msr where %d is the minor number, and on
 17 * an SMP box will direct the access to CPU %d.
 18 */
 19
 20#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 21
 22#include <linux/module.h>
 23
 24#include <linux/types.h>
 25#include <linux/errno.h>
 26#include <linux/fcntl.h>
 27#include <linux/init.h>
 28#include <linux/poll.h>
 29#include <linux/smp.h>
 30#include <linux/major.h>
 31#include <linux/fs.h>
 32#include <linux/device.h>
 33#include <linux/cpu.h>
 34#include <linux/notifier.h>
 35#include <linux/uaccess.h>
 36#include <linux/gfp.h>
 37#include <linux/security.h>
 38
 39#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
 40#include <asm/msr.h>
 41
 42static struct class *msr_class;
 43static enum cpuhp_state cpuhp_msr_state;
 44
 45enum allow_write_msrs {
 46	MSR_WRITES_ON,
 47	MSR_WRITES_OFF,
 48	MSR_WRITES_DEFAULT,
 49};
 50
 51static enum allow_write_msrs allow_writes = MSR_WRITES_DEFAULT;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 52
 53static ssize_t msr_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 54			size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 55{
 56	u32 __user *tmp = (u32 __user *) buf;
 57	u32 data[2];
 58	u32 reg = *ppos;
 59	int cpu = iminor(file_inode(file));
 60	int err = 0;
 61	ssize_t bytes = 0;
 62
 63	if (count % 8)
 64		return -EINVAL;	/* Invalid chunk size */
 65
 66	for (; count; count -= 8) {
 67		err = rdmsr_safe_on_cpu(cpu, reg, &data[0], &data[1]);
 68		if (err)
 69			break;
 70		if (copy_to_user(tmp, &data, 8)) {
 71			err = -EFAULT;
 72			break;
 73		}
 74		tmp += 2;
 75		bytes += 8;
 76	}
 77
 78	return bytes ? bytes : err;
 79}
 80
 81static int filter_write(u32 reg)
 82{
 83	/*
 84	 * MSRs writes usually happen all at once, and can easily saturate kmsg.
 85	 * Only allow one message every 30 seconds.
 86	 *
 87	 * It's possible to be smarter here and do it (for example) per-MSR, but
 88	 * it would certainly be more complex, and this is enough at least to
 89	 * avoid saturating the ring buffer.
 90	 */
 91	static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(fw_rs, 30 * HZ, 1);
 92
 93	switch (allow_writes) {
 94	case MSR_WRITES_ON:  return 0;
 95	case MSR_WRITES_OFF: return -EPERM;
 96	default: break;
 97	}
 98
 99	if (!__ratelimit(&fw_rs))
100		return 0;
101
102	pr_warn("Write to unrecognized MSR 0x%x by %s (pid: %d).\n",
103	        reg, current->comm, current->pid);
104	pr_warn("See https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip.git/about for details.\n");
105
106	return 0;
107}
108
109static ssize_t msr_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
110			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
111{
112	const u32 __user *tmp = (const u32 __user *)buf;
113	u32 data[2];
114	u32 reg = *ppos;
115	int cpu = iminor(file_inode(file));
116	int err = 0;
117	ssize_t bytes = 0;
118
119	err = security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_MSR);
120	if (err)
121		return err;
122
123	err = filter_write(reg);
124	if (err)
125		return err;
126
127	if (count % 8)
128		return -EINVAL;	/* Invalid chunk size */
129
130	for (; count; count -= 8) {
131		if (copy_from_user(&data, tmp, 8)) {
132			err = -EFAULT;
133			break;
134		}
135
136		add_taint(TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC, LOCKDEP_STILL_OK);
137
138		err = wrmsr_safe_on_cpu(cpu, reg, data[0], data[1]);
139		if (err)
140			break;
141
142		tmp += 2;
143		bytes += 8;
144	}
145
146	return bytes ? bytes : err;
147}
148
149static long msr_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int ioc, unsigned long arg)
150{
151	u32 __user *uregs = (u32 __user *)arg;
152	u32 regs[8];
153	int cpu = iminor(file_inode(file));
154	int err;
155
156	switch (ioc) {
157	case X86_IOC_RDMSR_REGS:
158		if (!(file->f_mode & FMODE_READ)) {
159			err = -EBADF;
160			break;
161		}
162		if (copy_from_user(&regs, uregs, sizeof(regs))) {
163			err = -EFAULT;
164			break;
165		}
166		err = rdmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu(cpu, regs);
167		if (err)
168			break;
169		if (copy_to_user(uregs, &regs, sizeof(regs)))
170			err = -EFAULT;
171		break;
172
173	case X86_IOC_WRMSR_REGS:
174		if (!(file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)) {
175			err = -EBADF;
176			break;
177		}
178		if (copy_from_user(&regs, uregs, sizeof(regs))) {
179			err = -EFAULT;
180			break;
181		}
182		err = security_locked_down(LOCKDOWN_MSR);
183		if (err)
184			break;
185
186		err = filter_write(regs[1]);
187		if (err)
188			return err;
189
190		add_taint(TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC, LOCKDEP_STILL_OK);
191
192		err = wrmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu(cpu, regs);
193		if (err)
194			break;
195		if (copy_to_user(uregs, &regs, sizeof(regs)))
196			err = -EFAULT;
197		break;
198
199	default:
200		err = -ENOTTY;
201		break;
202	}
203
204	return err;
205}
206
207static int msr_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
208{
209	unsigned int cpu = iminor(file_inode(file));
210	struct cpuinfo_x86 *c;
211
212	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO))
213		return -EPERM;
214
215	if (cpu >= nr_cpu_ids || !cpu_online(cpu))
216		return -ENXIO;	/* No such CPU */
217
218	c = &cpu_data(cpu);
219	if (!cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_MSR))
220		return -EIO;	/* MSR not supported */
221
222	return 0;
223}
224
225/*
226 * File operations we support
227 */
228static const struct file_operations msr_fops = {
229	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
230	.llseek = no_seek_end_llseek,
231	.read = msr_read,
232	.write = msr_write,
233	.open = msr_open,
234	.unlocked_ioctl = msr_ioctl,
235	.compat_ioctl = msr_ioctl,
236};
237
238static int msr_device_create(unsigned int cpu)
239{
240	struct device *dev;
241
242	dev = device_create(msr_class, NULL, MKDEV(MSR_MAJOR, cpu), NULL,
243			    "msr%d", cpu);
244	return PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(dev);
245}
246
247static int msr_device_destroy(unsigned int cpu)
248{
249	device_destroy(msr_class, MKDEV(MSR_MAJOR, cpu));
250	return 0;
251}
252
253static char *msr_devnode(const struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
254{
255	return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "cpu/%u/msr", MINOR(dev->devt));
256}
257
258static int __init msr_init(void)
259{
260	int err;
 
261
262	if (__register_chrdev(MSR_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/msr", &msr_fops)) {
263		pr_err("unable to get major %d for msr\n", MSR_MAJOR);
264		return -EBUSY;
 
 
265	}
266	msr_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "msr");
267	if (IS_ERR(msr_class)) {
268		err = PTR_ERR(msr_class);
269		goto out_chrdev;
270	}
271	msr_class->devnode = msr_devnode;
 
 
 
 
 
 
272
273	err  = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "x86/msr:online",
274				 msr_device_create, msr_device_destroy);
275	if (err < 0)
276		goto out_class;
277	cpuhp_msr_state = err;
278	return 0;
279
280out_class:
 
 
 
281	class_destroy(msr_class);
282out_chrdev:
283	__unregister_chrdev(MSR_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/msr");
 
284	return err;
285}
286module_init(msr_init);
287
288static void __exit msr_exit(void)
289{
290	cpuhp_remove_state(cpuhp_msr_state);
 
 
291	class_destroy(msr_class);
292	__unregister_chrdev(MSR_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/msr");
 
293}
294module_exit(msr_exit)
295
296static int set_allow_writes(const char *val, const struct kernel_param *cp)
297{
298	/* val is NUL-terminated, see kernfs_fop_write() */
299	char *s = strstrip((char *)val);
300
301	if (!strcmp(s, "on"))
302		allow_writes = MSR_WRITES_ON;
303	else if (!strcmp(s, "off"))
304		allow_writes = MSR_WRITES_OFF;
305	else
306		allow_writes = MSR_WRITES_DEFAULT;
307
308	return 0;
309}
310
311static int get_allow_writes(char *buf, const struct kernel_param *kp)
312{
313	const char *res;
314
315	switch (allow_writes) {
316	case MSR_WRITES_ON:  res = "on"; break;
317	case MSR_WRITES_OFF: res = "off"; break;
318	default: res = "default"; break;
319	}
320
321	return sprintf(buf, "%s\n", res);
322}
323
324static const struct kernel_param_ops allow_writes_ops = {
325	.set = set_allow_writes,
326	.get = get_allow_writes
327};
328
329module_param_cb(allow_writes, &allow_writes_ops, NULL, 0600);
330
331MODULE_AUTHOR("H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>");
332MODULE_DESCRIPTION("x86 generic MSR driver");
333MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
v3.5.6
 
  1/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------- *
  2 *
  3 *   Copyright 2000-2008 H. Peter Anvin - All Rights Reserved
  4 *   Copyright 2009 Intel Corporation; author: H. Peter Anvin
  5 *
  6 *   This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  7 *   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  8 *   the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge MA 02139,
  9 *   USA; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later
 10 *   version; incorporated herein by reference.
 11 *
 12 * ----------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 13
 14/*
 15 * x86 MSR access device
 16 *
 17 * This device is accessed by lseek() to the appropriate register number
 18 * and then read/write in chunks of 8 bytes.  A larger size means multiple
 19 * reads or writes of the same register.
 20 *
 21 * This driver uses /dev/cpu/%d/msr where %d is the minor number, and on
 22 * an SMP box will direct the access to CPU %d.
 23 */
 24
 
 
 25#include <linux/module.h>
 26
 27#include <linux/types.h>
 28#include <linux/errno.h>
 29#include <linux/fcntl.h>
 30#include <linux/init.h>
 31#include <linux/poll.h>
 32#include <linux/smp.h>
 33#include <linux/major.h>
 34#include <linux/fs.h>
 35#include <linux/device.h>
 36#include <linux/cpu.h>
 37#include <linux/notifier.h>
 38#include <linux/uaccess.h>
 39#include <linux/gfp.h>
 
 40
 41#include <asm/processor.h>
 42#include <asm/msr.h>
 43
 44static struct class *msr_class;
 
 45
 46static loff_t msr_seek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
 47{
 48	loff_t ret;
 49	struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
 
 50
 51	mutex_lock(&inode->i_mutex);
 52	switch (orig) {
 53	case 0:
 54		file->f_pos = offset;
 55		ret = file->f_pos;
 56		break;
 57	case 1:
 58		file->f_pos += offset;
 59		ret = file->f_pos;
 60		break;
 61	default:
 62		ret = -EINVAL;
 63	}
 64	mutex_unlock(&inode->i_mutex);
 65	return ret;
 66}
 67
 68static ssize_t msr_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 69			size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 70{
 71	u32 __user *tmp = (u32 __user *) buf;
 72	u32 data[2];
 73	u32 reg = *ppos;
 74	int cpu = iminor(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode);
 75	int err = 0;
 76	ssize_t bytes = 0;
 77
 78	if (count % 8)
 79		return -EINVAL;	/* Invalid chunk size */
 80
 81	for (; count; count -= 8) {
 82		err = rdmsr_safe_on_cpu(cpu, reg, &data[0], &data[1]);
 83		if (err)
 84			break;
 85		if (copy_to_user(tmp, &data, 8)) {
 86			err = -EFAULT;
 87			break;
 88		}
 89		tmp += 2;
 90		bytes += 8;
 91	}
 92
 93	return bytes ? bytes : err;
 94}
 95
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 96static ssize_t msr_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
 97			 size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
 98{
 99	const u32 __user *tmp = (const u32 __user *)buf;
100	u32 data[2];
101	u32 reg = *ppos;
102	int cpu = iminor(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode);
103	int err = 0;
104	ssize_t bytes = 0;
105
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
106	if (count % 8)
107		return -EINVAL;	/* Invalid chunk size */
108
109	for (; count; count -= 8) {
110		if (copy_from_user(&data, tmp, 8)) {
111			err = -EFAULT;
112			break;
113		}
 
 
 
114		err = wrmsr_safe_on_cpu(cpu, reg, data[0], data[1]);
115		if (err)
116			break;
 
117		tmp += 2;
118		bytes += 8;
119	}
120
121	return bytes ? bytes : err;
122}
123
124static long msr_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int ioc, unsigned long arg)
125{
126	u32 __user *uregs = (u32 __user *)arg;
127	u32 regs[8];
128	int cpu = iminor(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode);
129	int err;
130
131	switch (ioc) {
132	case X86_IOC_RDMSR_REGS:
133		if (!(file->f_mode & FMODE_READ)) {
134			err = -EBADF;
135			break;
136		}
137		if (copy_from_user(&regs, uregs, sizeof regs)) {
138			err = -EFAULT;
139			break;
140		}
141		err = rdmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu(cpu, regs);
142		if (err)
143			break;
144		if (copy_to_user(uregs, &regs, sizeof regs))
145			err = -EFAULT;
146		break;
147
148	case X86_IOC_WRMSR_REGS:
149		if (!(file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE)) {
150			err = -EBADF;
151			break;
152		}
153		if (copy_from_user(&regs, uregs, sizeof regs)) {
154			err = -EFAULT;
155			break;
156		}
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
157		err = wrmsr_safe_regs_on_cpu(cpu, regs);
158		if (err)
159			break;
160		if (copy_to_user(uregs, &regs, sizeof regs))
161			err = -EFAULT;
162		break;
163
164	default:
165		err = -ENOTTY;
166		break;
167	}
168
169	return err;
170}
171
172static int msr_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
173{
174	unsigned int cpu;
175	struct cpuinfo_x86 *c;
176
177	cpu = iminor(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode);
 
 
178	if (cpu >= nr_cpu_ids || !cpu_online(cpu))
179		return -ENXIO;	/* No such CPU */
180
181	c = &cpu_data(cpu);
182	if (!cpu_has(c, X86_FEATURE_MSR))
183		return -EIO;	/* MSR not supported */
184
185	return 0;
186}
187
188/*
189 * File operations we support
190 */
191static const struct file_operations msr_fops = {
192	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
193	.llseek = msr_seek,
194	.read = msr_read,
195	.write = msr_write,
196	.open = msr_open,
197	.unlocked_ioctl = msr_ioctl,
198	.compat_ioctl = msr_ioctl,
199};
200
201static int __cpuinit msr_device_create(int cpu)
202{
203	struct device *dev;
204
205	dev = device_create(msr_class, NULL, MKDEV(MSR_MAJOR, cpu), NULL,
206			    "msr%d", cpu);
207	return IS_ERR(dev) ? PTR_ERR(dev) : 0;
208}
209
210static void msr_device_destroy(int cpu)
211{
212	device_destroy(msr_class, MKDEV(MSR_MAJOR, cpu));
 
213}
214
215static int __cpuinit msr_class_cpu_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
216				unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
217{
218	unsigned int cpu = (unsigned long)hcpu;
219	int err = 0;
220
221	switch (action) {
222	case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
223		err = msr_device_create(cpu);
224		break;
225	case CPU_UP_CANCELED:
226	case CPU_UP_CANCELED_FROZEN:
227	case CPU_DEAD:
228		msr_device_destroy(cpu);
229		break;
230	}
231	return notifier_from_errno(err);
232}
233
234static struct notifier_block __refdata msr_class_cpu_notifier = {
235	.notifier_call = msr_class_cpu_callback,
236};
237
238static char *msr_devnode(struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
239{
240	return kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "cpu/%u/msr", MINOR(dev->devt));
241}
242
243static int __init msr_init(void)
244{
245	int i, err = 0;
246	i = 0;
247
248	if (__register_chrdev(MSR_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/msr", &msr_fops)) {
249		printk(KERN_ERR "msr: unable to get major %d for msr\n",
250		       MSR_MAJOR);
251		err = -EBUSY;
252		goto out;
253	}
254	msr_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "msr");
255	if (IS_ERR(msr_class)) {
256		err = PTR_ERR(msr_class);
257		goto out_chrdev;
258	}
259	msr_class->devnode = msr_devnode;
260	for_each_online_cpu(i) {
261		err = msr_device_create(i);
262		if (err != 0)
263			goto out_class;
264	}
265	register_hotcpu_notifier(&msr_class_cpu_notifier);
266
267	err = 0;
268	goto out;
 
 
 
 
269
270out_class:
271	i = 0;
272	for_each_online_cpu(i)
273		msr_device_destroy(i);
274	class_destroy(msr_class);
275out_chrdev:
276	__unregister_chrdev(MSR_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/msr");
277out:
278	return err;
279}
 
280
281static void __exit msr_exit(void)
282{
283	int cpu = 0;
284	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
285		msr_device_destroy(cpu);
286	class_destroy(msr_class);
287	__unregister_chrdev(MSR_MAJOR, 0, NR_CPUS, "cpu/msr");
288	unregister_hotcpu_notifier(&msr_class_cpu_notifier);
289}
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
290
291module_init(msr_init);
292module_exit(msr_exit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
293
294MODULE_AUTHOR("H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>");
295MODULE_DESCRIPTION("x86 generic MSR driver");
296MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");