Linux Audio

Check our new training course

Loading...
v6.13.7
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
   2/*
   3 *  Initialization routines
   4 *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
   5 */
   6
   7#include <linux/init.h>
   8#include <linux/sched.h>
   9#include <linux/module.h>
  10#include <linux/device.h>
  11#include <linux/file.h>
  12#include <linux/slab.h>
  13#include <linux/time.h>
  14#include <linux/ctype.h>
  15#include <linux/pm.h>
  16#include <linux/debugfs.h>
  17#include <linux/completion.h>
  18#include <linux/interrupt.h>
  19
  20#include <sound/core.h>
  21#include <sound/control.h>
  22#include <sound/info.h>
  23
  24/* monitor files for graceful shutdown (hotplug) */
  25struct snd_monitor_file {
  26	struct file *file;
  27	const struct file_operations *disconnected_f_op;
  28	struct list_head shutdown_list;	/* still need to shutdown */
  29	struct list_head list;	/* link of monitor files */
  30};
  31
  32static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(shutdown_lock);
  33static LIST_HEAD(shutdown_files);
  34
  35static const struct file_operations snd_shutdown_f_ops;
  36
  37/* locked for registering/using */
  38static DECLARE_BITMAP(snd_cards_lock, SNDRV_CARDS);
  39static struct snd_card *snd_cards[SNDRV_CARDS];
  40
  41static DEFINE_MUTEX(snd_card_mutex);
  42
  43static char *slots[SNDRV_CARDS];
  44module_param_array(slots, charp, NULL, 0444);
  45MODULE_PARM_DESC(slots, "Module names assigned to the slots.");
  46
  47/* return non-zero if the given index is reserved for the given
  48 * module via slots option
  49 */
  50static int module_slot_match(struct module *module, int idx)
  51{
  52	int match = 1;
  53#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
  54	const char *s1, *s2;
  55
  56	if (!module || !*module->name || !slots[idx])
  57		return 0;
  58
  59	s1 = module->name;
  60	s2 = slots[idx];
  61	if (*s2 == '!') {
  62		match = 0; /* negative match */
  63		s2++;
  64	}
  65	/* compare module name strings
  66	 * hyphens are handled as equivalent with underscore
  67	 */
  68	for (;;) {
  69		char c1 = *s1++;
  70		char c2 = *s2++;
  71		if (c1 == '-')
  72			c1 = '_';
  73		if (c2 == '-')
  74			c2 = '_';
  75		if (c1 != c2)
  76			return !match;
  77		if (!c1)
  78			break;
  79	}
  80#endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */
  81	return match;
  82}
  83
  84#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS)
  85int (*snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback)(struct snd_card *card, int free_flag);
  86EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback);
  87#endif
  88
  89static int check_empty_slot(struct module *module, int slot)
  90{
  91	return !slots[slot] || !*slots[slot];
  92}
  93
  94/* return an empty slot number (>= 0) found in the given bitmask @mask.
  95 * @mask == -1 == 0xffffffff means: take any free slot up to 32
  96 * when no slot is available, return the original @mask as is.
  97 */
  98static int get_slot_from_bitmask(int mask, int (*check)(struct module *, int),
  99				 struct module *module)
 100{
 101	int slot;
 102
 103	for (slot = 0; slot < SNDRV_CARDS; slot++) {
 104		if (slot < 32 && !(mask & (1U << slot)))
 105			continue;
 106		if (!test_bit(slot, snd_cards_lock)) {
 107			if (check(module, slot))
 108				return slot; /* found */
 109		}
 110	}
 111	return mask; /* unchanged */
 112}
 113
 114/* the default release callback set in snd_device_alloc() */
 115static void default_release_alloc(struct device *dev)
 116{
 117	kfree(dev);
 118}
 119
 120/**
 121 * snd_device_alloc - Allocate and initialize struct device for sound devices
 122 * @dev_p: pointer to store the allocated device
 123 * @card: card to assign, optional
 124 *
 125 * For releasing the allocated device, call put_device().
 126 */
 127int snd_device_alloc(struct device **dev_p, struct snd_card *card)
 128{
 129	struct device *dev;
 130
 131	*dev_p = NULL;
 132	dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
 133	if (!dev)
 134		return -ENOMEM;
 135	device_initialize(dev);
 136	if (card)
 137		dev->parent = &card->card_dev;
 138	dev->class = &sound_class;
 139	dev->release = default_release_alloc;
 140	*dev_p = dev;
 141	return 0;
 142}
 143EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_device_alloc);
 144
 145static int snd_card_init(struct snd_card *card, struct device *parent,
 146			 int idx, const char *xid, struct module *module,
 147			 size_t extra_size);
 148static int snd_card_do_free(struct snd_card *card);
 149static const struct attribute_group card_dev_attr_group;
 150
 151static void release_card_device(struct device *dev)
 152{
 153	snd_card_do_free(dev_to_snd_card(dev));
 154}
 155
 156/**
 157 *  snd_card_new - create and initialize a soundcard structure
 158 *  @parent: the parent device object
 159 *  @idx: card index (address) [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)]
 160 *  @xid: card identification (ASCII string)
 161 *  @module: top level module for locking
 162 *  @extra_size: allocate this extra size after the main soundcard structure
 163 *  @card_ret: the pointer to store the created card instance
 164 *
 165 *  The function allocates snd_card instance via kzalloc with the given
 166 *  space for the driver to use freely.  The allocated struct is stored
 167 *  in the given card_ret pointer.
 168 *
 169 *  Return: Zero if successful or a negative error code.
 170 */
 171int snd_card_new(struct device *parent, int idx, const char *xid,
 172		    struct module *module, int extra_size,
 173		    struct snd_card **card_ret)
 174{
 175	struct snd_card *card;
 176	int err;
 177
 178	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card_ret))
 179		return -EINVAL;
 180	*card_ret = NULL;
 181
 182	if (extra_size < 0)
 183		extra_size = 0;
 184	card = kzalloc(sizeof(*card) + extra_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 185	if (!card)
 186		return -ENOMEM;
 187
 188	err = snd_card_init(card, parent, idx, xid, module, extra_size);
 189	if (err < 0)
 190		return err; /* card is freed by error handler */
 191
 192	*card_ret = card;
 193	return 0;
 194}
 195EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_new);
 196
 197static void __snd_card_release(struct device *dev, void *data)
 198{
 199	snd_card_free(data);
 200}
 201
 202/**
 203 * snd_devm_card_new - managed snd_card object creation
 204 * @parent: the parent device object
 205 * @idx: card index (address) [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)]
 206 * @xid: card identification (ASCII string)
 207 * @module: top level module for locking
 208 * @extra_size: allocate this extra size after the main soundcard structure
 209 * @card_ret: the pointer to store the created card instance
 210 *
 211 * This function works like snd_card_new() but manages the allocated resource
 212 * via devres, i.e. you don't need to free explicitly.
 213 *
 214 * When a snd_card object is created with this function and registered via
 215 * snd_card_register(), the very first devres action to call snd_card_free()
 216 * is added automatically.  In that way, the resource disconnection is assured
 217 * at first, then released in the expected order.
 218 *
 219 * If an error happens at the probe before snd_card_register() is called and
 220 * there have been other devres resources, you'd need to free the card manually
 221 * via snd_card_free() call in the error; otherwise it may lead to UAF due to
 222 * devres call orders.  You can use snd_card_free_on_error() helper for
 223 * handling it more easily.
 224 *
 225 * Return: zero if successful, or a negative error code
 226 */
 227int snd_devm_card_new(struct device *parent, int idx, const char *xid,
 228		      struct module *module, size_t extra_size,
 229		      struct snd_card **card_ret)
 230{
 231	struct snd_card *card;
 232	int err;
 233
 234	*card_ret = NULL;
 235	card = devres_alloc(__snd_card_release, sizeof(*card) + extra_size,
 236			    GFP_KERNEL);
 237	if (!card)
 238		return -ENOMEM;
 239	card->managed = true;
 240	err = snd_card_init(card, parent, idx, xid, module, extra_size);
 241	if (err < 0) {
 242		devres_free(card); /* in managed mode, we need to free manually */
 243		return err;
 244	}
 245
 246	devres_add(parent, card);
 247	*card_ret = card;
 248	return 0;
 249}
 250EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_devm_card_new);
 251
 252/**
 253 * snd_card_free_on_error - a small helper for handling devm probe errors
 254 * @dev: the managed device object
 255 * @ret: the return code from the probe callback
 256 *
 257 * This function handles the explicit snd_card_free() call at the error from
 258 * the probe callback.  It's just a small helper for simplifying the error
 259 * handling with the managed devices.
 260 *
 261 * Return: zero if successful, or a negative error code
 262 */
 263int snd_card_free_on_error(struct device *dev, int ret)
 264{
 265	struct snd_card *card;
 266
 267	if (!ret)
 268		return 0;
 269	card = devres_find(dev, __snd_card_release, NULL, NULL);
 270	if (card)
 271		snd_card_free(card);
 272	return ret;
 273}
 274EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_free_on_error);
 275
 276static int snd_card_init(struct snd_card *card, struct device *parent,
 277			 int idx, const char *xid, struct module *module,
 278			 size_t extra_size)
 279{
 280	int err;
 281
 282	if (extra_size > 0)
 283		card->private_data = (char *)card + sizeof(struct snd_card);
 284	if (xid)
 285		strscpy(card->id, xid, sizeof(card->id));
 286	err = 0;
 287	scoped_guard(mutex, &snd_card_mutex) {
 288		if (idx < 0) /* first check the matching module-name slot */
 289			idx = get_slot_from_bitmask(idx, module_slot_match, module);
 290		if (idx < 0) /* if not matched, assign an empty slot */
 291			idx = get_slot_from_bitmask(idx, check_empty_slot, module);
 292		if (idx < 0)
 293			err = -ENODEV;
 294		else if (idx < snd_ecards_limit) {
 295			if (test_bit(idx, snd_cards_lock))
 296				err = -EBUSY;	/* invalid */
 297		} else if (idx >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 298			err = -ENODEV;
 299		if (!err) {
 300			set_bit(idx, snd_cards_lock);		/* lock it */
 301			if (idx >= snd_ecards_limit)
 302				snd_ecards_limit = idx + 1; /* increase the limit */
 303		}
 304	}
 305	if (err < 0) {
 
 306		dev_err(parent, "cannot find the slot for index %d (range 0-%i), error: %d\n",
 307			idx, snd_ecards_limit - 1, err);
 308		if (!card->managed)
 309			kfree(card); /* manually free here, as no destructor called */
 310		return err;
 311	}
 
 
 
 
 312	card->dev = parent;
 313	card->number = idx;
 314	WARN_ON(IS_MODULE(CONFIG_SND) && !module);
 
 315	card->module = module;
 
 316	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&card->devices);
 317	init_rwsem(&card->controls_rwsem);
 318	rwlock_init(&card->controls_rwlock);
 319	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&card->controls);
 320	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&card->ctl_files);
 321#ifdef CONFIG_SND_CTL_FAST_LOOKUP
 322	xa_init(&card->ctl_numids);
 323	xa_init(&card->ctl_hash);
 324#endif
 325	spin_lock_init(&card->files_lock);
 326	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&card->files_list);
 327	mutex_init(&card->memory_mutex);
 328#ifdef CONFIG_PM
 329	init_waitqueue_head(&card->power_sleep);
 330	init_waitqueue_head(&card->power_ref_sleep);
 331	atomic_set(&card->power_ref, 0);
 332#endif
 333	init_waitqueue_head(&card->remove_sleep);
 334	card->sync_irq = -1;
 335
 336	device_initialize(&card->card_dev);
 337	card->card_dev.parent = parent;
 338	card->card_dev.class = &sound_class;
 339	card->card_dev.release = release_card_device;
 340	card->card_dev.groups = card->dev_groups;
 341	card->dev_groups[0] = &card_dev_attr_group;
 342	err = kobject_set_name(&card->card_dev.kobj, "card%d", idx);
 343	if (err < 0)
 344		goto __error;
 345
 346	snprintf(card->irq_descr, sizeof(card->irq_descr), "%s:%s",
 347		 dev_driver_string(card->dev), dev_name(&card->card_dev));
 348
 349	/* the control interface cannot be accessed from the user space until */
 350	/* snd_cards_bitmask and snd_cards are set with snd_card_register */
 351	err = snd_ctl_create(card);
 352	if (err < 0) {
 353		dev_err(parent, "unable to register control minors\n");
 354		goto __error;
 355	}
 356	err = snd_info_card_create(card);
 357	if (err < 0) {
 358		dev_err(parent, "unable to create card info\n");
 359		goto __error_ctl;
 360	}
 361
 362#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 363	card->debugfs_root = debugfs_create_dir(dev_name(&card->card_dev),
 364						sound_debugfs_root);
 365#endif
 366	return 0;
 367
 368      __error_ctl:
 369	snd_device_free_all(card);
 370      __error:
 371	put_device(&card->card_dev);
 372  	return err;
 373}
 374
 375/**
 376 * snd_card_ref - Get the card object from the index
 377 * @idx: the card index
 378 *
 379 * Returns a card object corresponding to the given index or NULL if not found.
 380 * Release the object via snd_card_unref().
 381 *
 382 * Return: a card object or NULL
 383 */
 384struct snd_card *snd_card_ref(int idx)
 385{
 386	struct snd_card *card;
 387
 388	guard(mutex)(&snd_card_mutex);
 389	card = snd_cards[idx];
 390	if (card)
 391		get_device(&card->card_dev);
 
 392	return card;
 393}
 394EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_ref);
 395
 396/* return non-zero if a card is already locked */
 397int snd_card_locked(int card)
 398{
 399	guard(mutex)(&snd_card_mutex);
 400	return test_bit(card, snd_cards_lock);
 
 
 
 
 401}
 402
 403static loff_t snd_disconnect_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
 404{
 405	return -ENODEV;
 406}
 407
 408static ssize_t snd_disconnect_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 409				   size_t count, loff_t *offset)
 410{
 411	return -ENODEV;
 412}
 413
 414static ssize_t snd_disconnect_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
 415				    size_t count, loff_t *offset)
 416{
 417	return -ENODEV;
 418}
 419
 420static int snd_disconnect_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 421{
 422	struct snd_monitor_file *df = NULL, *_df;
 423
 424	scoped_guard(spinlock, &shutdown_lock) {
 425		list_for_each_entry(_df, &shutdown_files, shutdown_list) {
 426			if (_df->file == file) {
 427				df = _df;
 428				list_del_init(&df->shutdown_list);
 429				break;
 430			}
 431		}
 432	}
 
 433
 434	if (likely(df)) {
 435		if ((file->f_flags & FASYNC) && df->disconnected_f_op->fasync)
 436			df->disconnected_f_op->fasync(-1, file, 0);
 437		return df->disconnected_f_op->release(inode, file);
 438	}
 439
 440	panic("%s(%p, %p) failed!", __func__, inode, file);
 441}
 442
 443static __poll_t snd_disconnect_poll(struct file * file, poll_table * wait)
 444{
 445	return EPOLLERR | EPOLLNVAL;
 446}
 447
 448static long snd_disconnect_ioctl(struct file *file,
 449				 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
 450{
 451	return -ENODEV;
 452}
 453
 454static int snd_disconnect_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 455{
 456	return -ENODEV;
 457}
 458
 459static int snd_disconnect_fasync(int fd, struct file *file, int on)
 460{
 461	return -ENODEV;
 462}
 463
 464static const struct file_operations snd_shutdown_f_ops =
 465{
 466	.owner = 	THIS_MODULE,
 467	.llseek =	snd_disconnect_llseek,
 468	.read = 	snd_disconnect_read,
 469	.write =	snd_disconnect_write,
 470	.release =	snd_disconnect_release,
 471	.poll =		snd_disconnect_poll,
 472	.unlocked_ioctl = snd_disconnect_ioctl,
 473#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
 474	.compat_ioctl = snd_disconnect_ioctl,
 475#endif
 476	.mmap =		snd_disconnect_mmap,
 477	.fasync =	snd_disconnect_fasync
 478};
 479
 480/**
 481 *  snd_card_disconnect - disconnect all APIs from the file-operations (user space)
 482 *  @card: soundcard structure
 483 *
 484 *  Disconnects all APIs from the file-operations (user space).
 485 *
 486 *  Return: Zero, otherwise a negative error code.
 487 *
 488 *  Note: The current implementation replaces all active file->f_op with special
 489 *        dummy file operations (they do nothing except release).
 490 */
 491void snd_card_disconnect(struct snd_card *card)
 492{
 493	struct snd_monitor_file *mfile;
 494
 495	if (!card)
 496		return;
 497
 498	scoped_guard(spinlock, &card->files_lock) {
 499		if (card->shutdown)
 500			return;
 501		card->shutdown = 1;
 502
 503		/* replace file->f_op with special dummy operations */
 504		list_for_each_entry(mfile, &card->files_list, list) {
 505			/* it's critical part, use endless loop */
 506			/* we have no room to fail */
 507			mfile->disconnected_f_op = mfile->file->f_op;
 508
 509			scoped_guard(spinlock, &shutdown_lock)
 510				list_add(&mfile->shutdown_list, &shutdown_files);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 511
 512			mfile->file->f_op = &snd_shutdown_f_ops;
 513			fops_get(mfile->file->f_op);
 514		}
 515	}
 516
 517#ifdef CONFIG_PM
 518	/* wake up sleepers here before other callbacks for avoiding potential
 519	 * deadlocks with other locks (e.g. in kctls);
 520	 * then this notifies the shutdown and sleepers would abort immediately
 521	 */
 522	wake_up_all(&card->power_sleep);
 523#endif
 524
 525	/* notify all connected devices about disconnection */
 526	/* at this point, they cannot respond to any calls except release() */
 527
 528#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS)
 529	if (snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback)
 530		snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback(card, SND_MIXER_OSS_NOTIFY_DISCONNECT);
 531#endif
 532
 533	/* notify all devices that we are disconnected */
 534	snd_device_disconnect_all(card);
 535
 536	if (card->sync_irq > 0)
 537		synchronize_irq(card->sync_irq);
 538
 539	snd_info_card_disconnect(card);
 540#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 541	debugfs_remove(card->debugfs_root);
 542	card->debugfs_root = NULL;
 543#endif
 544
 545	if (card->registered) {
 546		device_del(&card->card_dev);
 547		card->registered = false;
 548	}
 549
 550	/* disable fops (user space) operations for ALSA API */
 551	scoped_guard(mutex, &snd_card_mutex) {
 552		snd_cards[card->number] = NULL;
 553		clear_bit(card->number, snd_cards_lock);
 554	}
 555
 
 
 556	snd_power_sync_ref(card);
 
 557}
 558EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_disconnect);
 559
 560/**
 561 * snd_card_disconnect_sync - disconnect card and wait until files get closed
 562 * @card: card object to disconnect
 563 *
 564 * This calls snd_card_disconnect() for disconnecting all belonging components
 565 * and waits until all pending files get closed.
 566 * It assures that all accesses from user-space finished so that the driver
 567 * can release its resources gracefully.
 568 */
 569void snd_card_disconnect_sync(struct snd_card *card)
 570{
 571	snd_card_disconnect(card);
 572
 573	guard(spinlock_irq)(&card->files_lock);
 574	wait_event_lock_irq(card->remove_sleep,
 575			    list_empty(&card->files_list),
 576			    card->files_lock);
 
 577}
 578EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_disconnect_sync);
 579
 580static int snd_card_do_free(struct snd_card *card)
 581{
 582	card->releasing = true;
 583#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS)
 584	if (snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback)
 585		snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback(card, SND_MIXER_OSS_NOTIFY_FREE);
 586#endif
 587	snd_device_free_all(card);
 588	if (card->private_free)
 589		card->private_free(card);
 590	if (snd_info_card_free(card) < 0) {
 591		dev_warn(card->dev, "unable to free card info\n");
 592		/* Not fatal error */
 593	}
 
 
 
 
 594	if (card->release_completion)
 595		complete(card->release_completion);
 596	if (!card->managed)
 597		kfree(card);
 598	return 0;
 599}
 600
 601/**
 602 * snd_card_free_when_closed - Disconnect the card, free it later eventually
 603 * @card: soundcard structure
 604 *
 605 * Unlike snd_card_free(), this function doesn't try to release the card
 606 * resource immediately, but tries to disconnect at first.  When the card
 607 * is still in use, the function returns before freeing the resources.
 608 * The card resources will be freed when the refcount gets to zero.
 609 *
 610 * Return: zero if successful, or a negative error code
 611 */
 612void snd_card_free_when_closed(struct snd_card *card)
 613{
 614	if (!card)
 615		return;
 616
 617	snd_card_disconnect(card);
 618	put_device(&card->card_dev);
 619	return;
 620}
 621EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_free_when_closed);
 622
 623/**
 624 * snd_card_free - frees given soundcard structure
 625 * @card: soundcard structure
 626 *
 627 * This function releases the soundcard structure and the all assigned
 628 * devices automatically.  That is, you don't have to release the devices
 629 * by yourself.
 630 *
 631 * This function waits until the all resources are properly released.
 632 *
 633 * Return: Zero. Frees all associated devices and frees the control
 634 * interface associated to given soundcard.
 635 */
 636void snd_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 637{
 638	DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK(released);
 639
 640	/* The call of snd_card_free() is allowed from various code paths;
 641	 * a manual call from the driver and the call via devres_free, and
 642	 * we need to avoid double-free. Moreover, the release via devres
 643	 * may call snd_card_free() twice due to its nature, we need to have
 644	 * the check here at the beginning.
 645	 */
 646	if (card->releasing)
 647		return;
 648
 649	card->release_completion = &released;
 650	snd_card_free_when_closed(card);
 651
 652	/* wait, until all devices are ready for the free operation */
 653	wait_for_completion(&released);
 654}
 655EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_free);
 656
 657/* check, if the character is in the valid ASCII range */
 658static inline bool safe_ascii_char(char c)
 659{
 660	return isascii(c) && isalnum(c);
 661}
 662
 663/* retrieve the last word of shortname or longname */
 664static const char *retrieve_id_from_card_name(const char *name)
 665{
 666	const char *spos = name;
 667
 668	while (*name) {
 669		if (isspace(*name) && safe_ascii_char(name[1]))
 670			spos = name + 1;
 671		name++;
 672	}
 673	return spos;
 674}
 675
 676/* return true if the given id string doesn't conflict any other card ids */
 677static bool card_id_ok(struct snd_card *card, const char *id)
 678{
 679	int i;
 680	if (!snd_info_check_reserved_words(id))
 681		return false;
 682	for (i = 0; i < snd_ecards_limit; i++) {
 683		if (snd_cards[i] && snd_cards[i] != card &&
 684		    !strcmp(snd_cards[i]->id, id))
 685			return false;
 686	}
 687	return true;
 688}
 689
 690/* copy to card->id only with valid letters from nid */
 691static void copy_valid_id_string(struct snd_card *card, const char *src,
 692				 const char *nid)
 693{
 694	char *id = card->id;
 695
 696	while (*nid && !safe_ascii_char(*nid))
 697		nid++;
 698	if (isdigit(*nid))
 699		*id++ = isalpha(*src) ? *src : 'D';
 700	while (*nid && (size_t)(id - card->id) < sizeof(card->id) - 1) {
 701		if (safe_ascii_char(*nid))
 702			*id++ = *nid;
 703		nid++;
 704	}
 705	*id = 0;
 706}
 707
 708/* Set card->id from the given string
 709 * If the string conflicts with other ids, add a suffix to make it unique.
 710 */
 711static void snd_card_set_id_no_lock(struct snd_card *card, const char *src,
 712				    const char *nid)
 713{
 714	int len, loops;
 715	bool is_default = false;
 716	char *id;
 717	
 718	copy_valid_id_string(card, src, nid);
 719	id = card->id;
 720
 721 again:
 722	/* use "Default" for obviously invalid strings
 723	 * ("card" conflicts with proc directories)
 724	 */
 725	if (!*id || !strncmp(id, "card", 4)) {
 726		strcpy(id, "Default");
 727		is_default = true;
 728	}
 729
 730	len = strlen(id);
 731	for (loops = 0; loops < SNDRV_CARDS; loops++) {
 732		char *spos;
 733		char sfxstr[5]; /* "_012" */
 734		int sfxlen;
 735
 736		if (card_id_ok(card, id))
 737			return; /* OK */
 738
 739		/* Add _XYZ suffix */
 740		sprintf(sfxstr, "_%X", loops + 1);
 741		sfxlen = strlen(sfxstr);
 742		if (len + sfxlen >= sizeof(card->id))
 743			spos = id + sizeof(card->id) - sfxlen - 1;
 744		else
 745			spos = id + len;
 746		strcpy(spos, sfxstr);
 747	}
 748	/* fallback to the default id */
 749	if (!is_default) {
 750		*id = 0;
 751		goto again;
 752	}
 753	/* last resort... */
 754	dev_err(card->dev, "unable to set card id (%s)\n", id);
 755	if (card->proc_root->name)
 756		strscpy(card->id, card->proc_root->name, sizeof(card->id));
 757}
 758
 759/**
 760 *  snd_card_set_id - set card identification name
 761 *  @card: soundcard structure
 762 *  @nid: new identification string
 763 *
 764 *  This function sets the card identification and checks for name
 765 *  collisions.
 766 */
 767void snd_card_set_id(struct snd_card *card, const char *nid)
 768{
 769	/* check if user specified own card->id */
 770	if (card->id[0] != '\0')
 771		return;
 772	guard(mutex)(&snd_card_mutex);
 773	snd_card_set_id_no_lock(card, nid, nid);
 
 774}
 775EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_set_id);
 776
 777static ssize_t id_show(struct device *dev,
 778		       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 779{
 780	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 781	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", card->id);
 782}
 783
 784static ssize_t id_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 785			const char *buf, size_t count)
 786{
 787	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 788	char buf1[sizeof(card->id)];
 789	size_t copy = count > sizeof(card->id) - 1 ?
 790					sizeof(card->id) - 1 : count;
 791	size_t idx;
 792	int c;
 793
 794	for (idx = 0; idx < copy; idx++) {
 795		c = buf[idx];
 796		if (!safe_ascii_char(c) && c != '_' && c != '-')
 797			return -EINVAL;
 798	}
 799	memcpy(buf1, buf, copy);
 800	buf1[copy] = '\0';
 801	guard(mutex)(&snd_card_mutex);
 802	if (!card_id_ok(NULL, buf1))
 
 803		return -EEXIST;
 
 804	strcpy(card->id, buf1);
 805	snd_info_card_id_change(card);
 
 806
 807	return count;
 808}
 809
 810static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(id);
 811
 812static ssize_t number_show(struct device *dev,
 813			   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 814{
 815	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 816	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%i\n", card->number);
 817}
 818
 819static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(number);
 820
 821static struct attribute *card_dev_attrs[] = {
 822	&dev_attr_id.attr,
 823	&dev_attr_number.attr,
 824	NULL
 825};
 826
 827static const struct attribute_group card_dev_attr_group = {
 828	.attrs	= card_dev_attrs,
 829};
 830
 831/**
 832 * snd_card_add_dev_attr - Append a new sysfs attribute group to card
 833 * @card: card instance
 834 * @group: attribute group to append
 835 *
 836 * Return: zero if successful, or a negative error code
 837 */
 838int snd_card_add_dev_attr(struct snd_card *card,
 839			  const struct attribute_group *group)
 840{
 841	int i;
 842
 843	/* loop for (arraysize-1) here to keep NULL at the last entry */
 844	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(card->dev_groups) - 1; i++) {
 845		if (!card->dev_groups[i]) {
 846			card->dev_groups[i] = group;
 847			return 0;
 848		}
 849	}
 850
 851	dev_err(card->dev, "Too many groups assigned\n");
 852	return -ENOSPC;
 853}
 854EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_add_dev_attr);
 855
 856static void trigger_card_free(void *data)
 857{
 858	snd_card_free(data);
 859}
 860
 861/**
 862 *  snd_card_register - register the soundcard
 863 *  @card: soundcard structure
 864 *
 865 *  This function registers all the devices assigned to the soundcard.
 866 *  Until calling this, the ALSA control interface is blocked from the
 867 *  external accesses.  Thus, you should call this function at the end
 868 *  of the initialization of the card.
 869 *
 870 *  Return: Zero otherwise a negative error code if the registration failed.
 871 */
 872int snd_card_register(struct snd_card *card)
 873{
 874	int err;
 875
 876	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
 877		return -EINVAL;
 878
 879	if (!card->registered) {
 880		err = device_add(&card->card_dev);
 881		if (err < 0)
 882			return err;
 883		card->registered = true;
 884	} else {
 885		if (card->managed)
 886			devm_remove_action(card->dev, trigger_card_free, card);
 887	}
 888
 889	if (card->managed) {
 890		err = devm_add_action(card->dev, trigger_card_free, card);
 891		if (err < 0)
 892			return err;
 893	}
 894
 895	err = snd_device_register_all(card);
 896	if (err < 0)
 897		return err;
 898	scoped_guard(mutex, &snd_card_mutex) {
 899		if (snd_cards[card->number]) {
 900			/* already registered */
 901			return snd_info_card_register(card); /* register pending info */
 902		}
 903		if (*card->id) {
 904			/* make a unique id name from the given string */
 905			char tmpid[sizeof(card->id)];
 906
 907			memcpy(tmpid, card->id, sizeof(card->id));
 908			snd_card_set_id_no_lock(card, tmpid, tmpid);
 909		} else {
 910			/* create an id from either shortname or longname */
 911			const char *src;
 912
 913			src = *card->shortname ? card->shortname : card->longname;
 914			snd_card_set_id_no_lock(card, src,
 915						retrieve_id_from_card_name(src));
 916		}
 917		snd_cards[card->number] = card;
 918	}
 
 
 919	err = snd_info_card_register(card);
 920	if (err < 0)
 921		return err;
 922
 923#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS)
 924	if (snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback)
 925		snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback(card, SND_MIXER_OSS_NOTIFY_REGISTER);
 926#endif
 927	return 0;
 928}
 929EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_register);
 930
 931#ifdef CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS
 932static void snd_card_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 933			       struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 934{
 935	int idx, count;
 936	struct snd_card *card;
 937
 938	for (idx = count = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 939		guard(mutex)(&snd_card_mutex);
 940		card = snd_cards[idx];
 941		if (card) {
 942			count++;
 943			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%2i [%-15s]: %s - %s\n",
 944					idx,
 945					card->id,
 946					card->driver,
 947					card->shortname);
 948			snd_iprintf(buffer, "                      %s\n",
 949					card->longname);
 950		}
 
 951	}
 952	if (!count)
 953		snd_iprintf(buffer, "--- no soundcards ---\n");
 954}
 955
 956#ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
 957void snd_card_info_read_oss(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 958{
 959	int idx, count;
 960	struct snd_card *card;
 961
 962	for (idx = count = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 963		guard(mutex)(&snd_card_mutex);
 964		card = snd_cards[idx];
 965		if (card) {
 966			count++;
 967			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s\n", card->longname);
 968		}
 
 969	}
 970	if (!count) {
 971		snd_iprintf(buffer, "--- no soundcards ---\n");
 972	}
 973}
 974
 975#endif
 976
 977#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
 978static void snd_card_module_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 979				      struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 980{
 981	int idx;
 982	struct snd_card *card;
 983
 984	for (idx = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 985		guard(mutex)(&snd_card_mutex);
 986		card = snd_cards[idx];
 987		if (card)
 988			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%2i %s\n",
 989				    idx, card->module->name);
 
 990	}
 991}
 992#endif
 993
 994int __init snd_card_info_init(void)
 995{
 996	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
 997
 998	entry = snd_info_create_module_entry(THIS_MODULE, "cards", NULL);
 999	if (! entry)
1000		return -ENOMEM;
1001	entry->c.text.read = snd_card_info_read;
1002	if (snd_info_register(entry) < 0)
1003		return -ENOMEM; /* freed in error path */
1004
1005#ifdef CONFIG_MODULES
1006	entry = snd_info_create_module_entry(THIS_MODULE, "modules", NULL);
1007	if (!entry)
1008		return -ENOMEM;
1009	entry->c.text.read = snd_card_module_info_read;
1010	if (snd_info_register(entry) < 0)
1011		return -ENOMEM; /* freed in error path */
1012#endif
1013
1014	return 0;
1015}
1016#endif /* CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS */
1017
1018/**
1019 *  snd_component_add - add a component string
1020 *  @card: soundcard structure
1021 *  @component: the component id string
1022 *
1023 *  This function adds the component id string to the supported list.
1024 *  The component can be referred from the alsa-lib.
1025 *
1026 *  Return: Zero otherwise a negative error code.
1027 */
1028  
1029int snd_component_add(struct snd_card *card, const char *component)
1030{
1031	char *ptr;
1032	int len = strlen(component);
1033
1034	ptr = strstr(card->components, component);
1035	if (ptr != NULL) {
1036		if (ptr[len] == '\0' || ptr[len] == ' ')	/* already there */
1037			return 1;
1038	}
1039	if (strlen(card->components) + 1 + len + 1 > sizeof(card->components)) {
1040		snd_BUG();
1041		return -ENOMEM;
1042	}
1043	if (card->components[0] != '\0')
1044		strcat(card->components, " ");
1045	strcat(card->components, component);
1046	return 0;
1047}
1048EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_component_add);
1049
1050/**
1051 *  snd_card_file_add - add the file to the file list of the card
1052 *  @card: soundcard structure
1053 *  @file: file pointer
1054 *
1055 *  This function adds the file to the file linked-list of the card.
1056 *  This linked-list is used to keep tracking the connection state,
1057 *  and to avoid the release of busy resources by hotplug.
1058 *
1059 *  Return: zero or a negative error code.
1060 */
1061int snd_card_file_add(struct snd_card *card, struct file *file)
1062{
1063	struct snd_monitor_file *mfile;
1064
1065	mfile = kmalloc(sizeof(*mfile), GFP_KERNEL);
1066	if (mfile == NULL)
1067		return -ENOMEM;
1068	mfile->file = file;
1069	mfile->disconnected_f_op = NULL;
1070	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mfile->shutdown_list);
1071	guard(spinlock)(&card->files_lock);
1072	if (card->shutdown) {
 
1073		kfree(mfile);
1074		return -ENODEV;
1075	}
1076	list_add(&mfile->list, &card->files_list);
1077	get_device(&card->card_dev);
 
1078	return 0;
1079}
1080EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_file_add);
1081
1082/**
1083 *  snd_card_file_remove - remove the file from the file list
1084 *  @card: soundcard structure
1085 *  @file: file pointer
1086 *
1087 *  This function removes the file formerly added to the card via
1088 *  snd_card_file_add() function.
1089 *  If all files are removed and snd_card_free_when_closed() was
1090 *  called beforehand, it processes the pending release of
1091 *  resources.
1092 *
1093 *  Return: Zero or a negative error code.
1094 */
1095int snd_card_file_remove(struct snd_card *card, struct file *file)
1096{
1097	struct snd_monitor_file *mfile, *found = NULL;
1098
1099	scoped_guard(spinlock, &card->files_lock) {
1100		list_for_each_entry(mfile, &card->files_list, list) {
1101			if (mfile->file == file) {
1102				list_del(&mfile->list);
1103				scoped_guard(spinlock, &shutdown_lock)
1104					list_del(&mfile->shutdown_list);
1105				if (mfile->disconnected_f_op)
1106					fops_put(mfile->disconnected_f_op);
1107				found = mfile;
1108				break;
1109			}
1110		}
1111		if (list_empty(&card->files_list))
1112			wake_up_all(&card->remove_sleep);
1113	}
 
 
 
1114	if (!found) {
1115		dev_err(card->dev, "card file remove problem (%p)\n", file);
1116		return -ENOENT;
1117	}
1118	kfree(found);
1119	put_device(&card->card_dev);
1120	return 0;
1121}
1122EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_file_remove);
1123
1124#ifdef CONFIG_PM
1125/**
1126 * snd_power_ref_and_wait - wait until the card gets powered up
1127 * @card: soundcard structure
1128 *
1129 * Take the power_ref reference count of the given card, and
1130 * wait until the card gets powered up to SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0 state.
1131 * The refcount is down again while sleeping until power-up, hence this
1132 * function can be used for syncing the floating control ops accesses,
1133 * typically around calling control ops.
1134 *
1135 * The caller needs to pull down the refcount via snd_power_unref() later
1136 * no matter whether the error is returned from this function or not.
1137 *
1138 * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code.
1139 */
1140int snd_power_ref_and_wait(struct snd_card *card)
1141{
1142	snd_power_ref(card);
1143	if (snd_power_get_state(card) == SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0)
1144		return 0;
1145	wait_event_cmd(card->power_sleep,
1146		       card->shutdown ||
1147		       snd_power_get_state(card) == SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0,
1148		       snd_power_unref(card), snd_power_ref(card));
1149	return card->shutdown ? -ENODEV : 0;
1150}
1151EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_power_ref_and_wait);
1152
1153/**
1154 * snd_power_wait - wait until the card gets powered up (old form)
1155 * @card: soundcard structure
1156 *
1157 * Wait until the card gets powered up to SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0 state.
1158 *
1159 * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code.
1160 */
1161int snd_power_wait(struct snd_card *card)
1162{
1163	int ret;
1164
1165	ret = snd_power_ref_and_wait(card);
1166	snd_power_unref(card);
1167	return ret;
1168}
1169EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_power_wait);
1170#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
v6.8
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
   2/*
   3 *  Initialization routines
   4 *  Copyright (c) by Jaroslav Kysela <perex@perex.cz>
   5 */
   6
   7#include <linux/init.h>
   8#include <linux/sched.h>
   9#include <linux/module.h>
  10#include <linux/device.h>
  11#include <linux/file.h>
  12#include <linux/slab.h>
  13#include <linux/time.h>
  14#include <linux/ctype.h>
  15#include <linux/pm.h>
  16#include <linux/debugfs.h>
  17#include <linux/completion.h>
  18#include <linux/interrupt.h>
  19
  20#include <sound/core.h>
  21#include <sound/control.h>
  22#include <sound/info.h>
  23
  24/* monitor files for graceful shutdown (hotplug) */
  25struct snd_monitor_file {
  26	struct file *file;
  27	const struct file_operations *disconnected_f_op;
  28	struct list_head shutdown_list;	/* still need to shutdown */
  29	struct list_head list;	/* link of monitor files */
  30};
  31
  32static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(shutdown_lock);
  33static LIST_HEAD(shutdown_files);
  34
  35static const struct file_operations snd_shutdown_f_ops;
  36
  37/* locked for registering/using */
  38static DECLARE_BITMAP(snd_cards_lock, SNDRV_CARDS);
  39static struct snd_card *snd_cards[SNDRV_CARDS];
  40
  41static DEFINE_MUTEX(snd_card_mutex);
  42
  43static char *slots[SNDRV_CARDS];
  44module_param_array(slots, charp, NULL, 0444);
  45MODULE_PARM_DESC(slots, "Module names assigned to the slots.");
  46
  47/* return non-zero if the given index is reserved for the given
  48 * module via slots option
  49 */
  50static int module_slot_match(struct module *module, int idx)
  51{
  52	int match = 1;
  53#ifdef MODULE
  54	const char *s1, *s2;
  55
  56	if (!module || !*module->name || !slots[idx])
  57		return 0;
  58
  59	s1 = module->name;
  60	s2 = slots[idx];
  61	if (*s2 == '!') {
  62		match = 0; /* negative match */
  63		s2++;
  64	}
  65	/* compare module name strings
  66	 * hyphens are handled as equivalent with underscore
  67	 */
  68	for (;;) {
  69		char c1 = *s1++;
  70		char c2 = *s2++;
  71		if (c1 == '-')
  72			c1 = '_';
  73		if (c2 == '-')
  74			c2 = '_';
  75		if (c1 != c2)
  76			return !match;
  77		if (!c1)
  78			break;
  79	}
  80#endif /* MODULE */
  81	return match;
  82}
  83
  84#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS)
  85int (*snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback)(struct snd_card *card, int free_flag);
  86EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback);
  87#endif
  88
  89static int check_empty_slot(struct module *module, int slot)
  90{
  91	return !slots[slot] || !*slots[slot];
  92}
  93
  94/* return an empty slot number (>= 0) found in the given bitmask @mask.
  95 * @mask == -1 == 0xffffffff means: take any free slot up to 32
  96 * when no slot is available, return the original @mask as is.
  97 */
  98static int get_slot_from_bitmask(int mask, int (*check)(struct module *, int),
  99				 struct module *module)
 100{
 101	int slot;
 102
 103	for (slot = 0; slot < SNDRV_CARDS; slot++) {
 104		if (slot < 32 && !(mask & (1U << slot)))
 105			continue;
 106		if (!test_bit(slot, snd_cards_lock)) {
 107			if (check(module, slot))
 108				return slot; /* found */
 109		}
 110	}
 111	return mask; /* unchanged */
 112}
 113
 114/* the default release callback set in snd_device_alloc() */
 115static void default_release_alloc(struct device *dev)
 116{
 117	kfree(dev);
 118}
 119
 120/**
 121 * snd_device_alloc - Allocate and initialize struct device for sound devices
 122 * @dev_p: pointer to store the allocated device
 123 * @card: card to assign, optional
 124 *
 125 * For releasing the allocated device, call put_device().
 126 */
 127int snd_device_alloc(struct device **dev_p, struct snd_card *card)
 128{
 129	struct device *dev;
 130
 131	*dev_p = NULL;
 132	dev = kzalloc(sizeof(*dev), GFP_KERNEL);
 133	if (!dev)
 134		return -ENOMEM;
 135	device_initialize(dev);
 136	if (card)
 137		dev->parent = &card->card_dev;
 138	dev->class = &sound_class;
 139	dev->release = default_release_alloc;
 140	*dev_p = dev;
 141	return 0;
 142}
 143EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_device_alloc);
 144
 145static int snd_card_init(struct snd_card *card, struct device *parent,
 146			 int idx, const char *xid, struct module *module,
 147			 size_t extra_size);
 148static int snd_card_do_free(struct snd_card *card);
 149static const struct attribute_group card_dev_attr_group;
 150
 151static void release_card_device(struct device *dev)
 152{
 153	snd_card_do_free(dev_to_snd_card(dev));
 154}
 155
 156/**
 157 *  snd_card_new - create and initialize a soundcard structure
 158 *  @parent: the parent device object
 159 *  @idx: card index (address) [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)]
 160 *  @xid: card identification (ASCII string)
 161 *  @module: top level module for locking
 162 *  @extra_size: allocate this extra size after the main soundcard structure
 163 *  @card_ret: the pointer to store the created card instance
 164 *
 165 *  The function allocates snd_card instance via kzalloc with the given
 166 *  space for the driver to use freely.  The allocated struct is stored
 167 *  in the given card_ret pointer.
 168 *
 169 *  Return: Zero if successful or a negative error code.
 170 */
 171int snd_card_new(struct device *parent, int idx, const char *xid,
 172		    struct module *module, int extra_size,
 173		    struct snd_card **card_ret)
 174{
 175	struct snd_card *card;
 176	int err;
 177
 178	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card_ret))
 179		return -EINVAL;
 180	*card_ret = NULL;
 181
 182	if (extra_size < 0)
 183		extra_size = 0;
 184	card = kzalloc(sizeof(*card) + extra_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 185	if (!card)
 186		return -ENOMEM;
 187
 188	err = snd_card_init(card, parent, idx, xid, module, extra_size);
 189	if (err < 0)
 190		return err; /* card is freed by error handler */
 191
 192	*card_ret = card;
 193	return 0;
 194}
 195EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_new);
 196
 197static void __snd_card_release(struct device *dev, void *data)
 198{
 199	snd_card_free(data);
 200}
 201
 202/**
 203 * snd_devm_card_new - managed snd_card object creation
 204 * @parent: the parent device object
 205 * @idx: card index (address) [0 ... (SNDRV_CARDS-1)]
 206 * @xid: card identification (ASCII string)
 207 * @module: top level module for locking
 208 * @extra_size: allocate this extra size after the main soundcard structure
 209 * @card_ret: the pointer to store the created card instance
 210 *
 211 * This function works like snd_card_new() but manages the allocated resource
 212 * via devres, i.e. you don't need to free explicitly.
 213 *
 214 * When a snd_card object is created with this function and registered via
 215 * snd_card_register(), the very first devres action to call snd_card_free()
 216 * is added automatically.  In that way, the resource disconnection is assured
 217 * at first, then released in the expected order.
 218 *
 219 * If an error happens at the probe before snd_card_register() is called and
 220 * there have been other devres resources, you'd need to free the card manually
 221 * via snd_card_free() call in the error; otherwise it may lead to UAF due to
 222 * devres call orders.  You can use snd_card_free_on_error() helper for
 223 * handling it more easily.
 224 *
 225 * Return: zero if successful, or a negative error code
 226 */
 227int snd_devm_card_new(struct device *parent, int idx, const char *xid,
 228		      struct module *module, size_t extra_size,
 229		      struct snd_card **card_ret)
 230{
 231	struct snd_card *card;
 232	int err;
 233
 234	*card_ret = NULL;
 235	card = devres_alloc(__snd_card_release, sizeof(*card) + extra_size,
 236			    GFP_KERNEL);
 237	if (!card)
 238		return -ENOMEM;
 239	card->managed = true;
 240	err = snd_card_init(card, parent, idx, xid, module, extra_size);
 241	if (err < 0) {
 242		devres_free(card); /* in managed mode, we need to free manually */
 243		return err;
 244	}
 245
 246	devres_add(parent, card);
 247	*card_ret = card;
 248	return 0;
 249}
 250EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_devm_card_new);
 251
 252/**
 253 * snd_card_free_on_error - a small helper for handling devm probe errors
 254 * @dev: the managed device object
 255 * @ret: the return code from the probe callback
 256 *
 257 * This function handles the explicit snd_card_free() call at the error from
 258 * the probe callback.  It's just a small helper for simplifying the error
 259 * handling with the managed devices.
 260 *
 261 * Return: zero if successful, or a negative error code
 262 */
 263int snd_card_free_on_error(struct device *dev, int ret)
 264{
 265	struct snd_card *card;
 266
 267	if (!ret)
 268		return 0;
 269	card = devres_find(dev, __snd_card_release, NULL, NULL);
 270	if (card)
 271		snd_card_free(card);
 272	return ret;
 273}
 274EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_free_on_error);
 275
 276static int snd_card_init(struct snd_card *card, struct device *parent,
 277			 int idx, const char *xid, struct module *module,
 278			 size_t extra_size)
 279{
 280	int err;
 281
 282	if (extra_size > 0)
 283		card->private_data = (char *)card + sizeof(struct snd_card);
 284	if (xid)
 285		strscpy(card->id, xid, sizeof(card->id));
 286	err = 0;
 287	mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 288	if (idx < 0) /* first check the matching module-name slot */
 289		idx = get_slot_from_bitmask(idx, module_slot_match, module);
 290	if (idx < 0) /* if not matched, assign an empty slot */
 291		idx = get_slot_from_bitmask(idx, check_empty_slot, module);
 292	if (idx < 0)
 293		err = -ENODEV;
 294	else if (idx < snd_ecards_limit) {
 295		if (test_bit(idx, snd_cards_lock))
 296			err = -EBUSY;	/* invalid */
 297	} else if (idx >= SNDRV_CARDS)
 298		err = -ENODEV;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 299	if (err < 0) {
 300		mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 301		dev_err(parent, "cannot find the slot for index %d (range 0-%i), error: %d\n",
 302			 idx, snd_ecards_limit - 1, err);
 303		if (!card->managed)
 304			kfree(card); /* manually free here, as no destructor called */
 305		return err;
 306	}
 307	set_bit(idx, snd_cards_lock);		/* lock it */
 308	if (idx >= snd_ecards_limit)
 309		snd_ecards_limit = idx + 1; /* increase the limit */
 310	mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 311	card->dev = parent;
 312	card->number = idx;
 313#ifdef MODULE
 314	WARN_ON(!module);
 315	card->module = module;
 316#endif
 317	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&card->devices);
 318	init_rwsem(&card->controls_rwsem);
 319	rwlock_init(&card->ctl_files_rwlock);
 320	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&card->controls);
 321	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&card->ctl_files);
 322#ifdef CONFIG_SND_CTL_FAST_LOOKUP
 323	xa_init(&card->ctl_numids);
 324	xa_init(&card->ctl_hash);
 325#endif
 326	spin_lock_init(&card->files_lock);
 327	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&card->files_list);
 328	mutex_init(&card->memory_mutex);
 329#ifdef CONFIG_PM
 330	init_waitqueue_head(&card->power_sleep);
 331	init_waitqueue_head(&card->power_ref_sleep);
 332	atomic_set(&card->power_ref, 0);
 333#endif
 334	init_waitqueue_head(&card->remove_sleep);
 335	card->sync_irq = -1;
 336
 337	device_initialize(&card->card_dev);
 338	card->card_dev.parent = parent;
 339	card->card_dev.class = &sound_class;
 340	card->card_dev.release = release_card_device;
 341	card->card_dev.groups = card->dev_groups;
 342	card->dev_groups[0] = &card_dev_attr_group;
 343	err = kobject_set_name(&card->card_dev.kobj, "card%d", idx);
 344	if (err < 0)
 345		goto __error;
 346
 347	snprintf(card->irq_descr, sizeof(card->irq_descr), "%s:%s",
 348		 dev_driver_string(card->dev), dev_name(&card->card_dev));
 349
 350	/* the control interface cannot be accessed from the user space until */
 351	/* snd_cards_bitmask and snd_cards are set with snd_card_register */
 352	err = snd_ctl_create(card);
 353	if (err < 0) {
 354		dev_err(parent, "unable to register control minors\n");
 355		goto __error;
 356	}
 357	err = snd_info_card_create(card);
 358	if (err < 0) {
 359		dev_err(parent, "unable to create card info\n");
 360		goto __error_ctl;
 361	}
 362
 363#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 364	card->debugfs_root = debugfs_create_dir(dev_name(&card->card_dev),
 365						sound_debugfs_root);
 366#endif
 367	return 0;
 368
 369      __error_ctl:
 370	snd_device_free_all(card);
 371      __error:
 372	put_device(&card->card_dev);
 373  	return err;
 374}
 375
 376/**
 377 * snd_card_ref - Get the card object from the index
 378 * @idx: the card index
 379 *
 380 * Returns a card object corresponding to the given index or NULL if not found.
 381 * Release the object via snd_card_unref().
 382 *
 383 * Return: a card object or NULL
 384 */
 385struct snd_card *snd_card_ref(int idx)
 386{
 387	struct snd_card *card;
 388
 389	mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 390	card = snd_cards[idx];
 391	if (card)
 392		get_device(&card->card_dev);
 393	mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 394	return card;
 395}
 396EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_ref);
 397
 398/* return non-zero if a card is already locked */
 399int snd_card_locked(int card)
 400{
 401	int locked;
 402
 403	mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 404	locked = test_bit(card, snd_cards_lock);
 405	mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 406	return locked;
 407}
 408
 409static loff_t snd_disconnect_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
 410{
 411	return -ENODEV;
 412}
 413
 414static ssize_t snd_disconnect_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
 415				   size_t count, loff_t *offset)
 416{
 417	return -ENODEV;
 418}
 419
 420static ssize_t snd_disconnect_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
 421				    size_t count, loff_t *offset)
 422{
 423	return -ENODEV;
 424}
 425
 426static int snd_disconnect_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 427{
 428	struct snd_monitor_file *df = NULL, *_df;
 429
 430	spin_lock(&shutdown_lock);
 431	list_for_each_entry(_df, &shutdown_files, shutdown_list) {
 432		if (_df->file == file) {
 433			df = _df;
 434			list_del_init(&df->shutdown_list);
 435			break;
 
 436		}
 437	}
 438	spin_unlock(&shutdown_lock);
 439
 440	if (likely(df)) {
 441		if ((file->f_flags & FASYNC) && df->disconnected_f_op->fasync)
 442			df->disconnected_f_op->fasync(-1, file, 0);
 443		return df->disconnected_f_op->release(inode, file);
 444	}
 445
 446	panic("%s(%p, %p) failed!", __func__, inode, file);
 447}
 448
 449static __poll_t snd_disconnect_poll(struct file * file, poll_table * wait)
 450{
 451	return EPOLLERR | EPOLLNVAL;
 452}
 453
 454static long snd_disconnect_ioctl(struct file *file,
 455				 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
 456{
 457	return -ENODEV;
 458}
 459
 460static int snd_disconnect_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
 461{
 462	return -ENODEV;
 463}
 464
 465static int snd_disconnect_fasync(int fd, struct file *file, int on)
 466{
 467	return -ENODEV;
 468}
 469
 470static const struct file_operations snd_shutdown_f_ops =
 471{
 472	.owner = 	THIS_MODULE,
 473	.llseek =	snd_disconnect_llseek,
 474	.read = 	snd_disconnect_read,
 475	.write =	snd_disconnect_write,
 476	.release =	snd_disconnect_release,
 477	.poll =		snd_disconnect_poll,
 478	.unlocked_ioctl = snd_disconnect_ioctl,
 479#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
 480	.compat_ioctl = snd_disconnect_ioctl,
 481#endif
 482	.mmap =		snd_disconnect_mmap,
 483	.fasync =	snd_disconnect_fasync
 484};
 485
 486/**
 487 *  snd_card_disconnect - disconnect all APIs from the file-operations (user space)
 488 *  @card: soundcard structure
 489 *
 490 *  Disconnects all APIs from the file-operations (user space).
 491 *
 492 *  Return: Zero, otherwise a negative error code.
 493 *
 494 *  Note: The current implementation replaces all active file->f_op with special
 495 *        dummy file operations (they do nothing except release).
 496 */
 497void snd_card_disconnect(struct snd_card *card)
 498{
 499	struct snd_monitor_file *mfile;
 500
 501	if (!card)
 502		return;
 503
 504	spin_lock(&card->files_lock);
 505	if (card->shutdown) {
 506		spin_unlock(&card->files_lock);
 507		return;
 508	}
 509	card->shutdown = 1;
 
 
 
 
 510
 511	/* replace file->f_op with special dummy operations */
 512	list_for_each_entry(mfile, &card->files_list, list) {
 513		/* it's critical part, use endless loop */
 514		/* we have no room to fail */
 515		mfile->disconnected_f_op = mfile->file->f_op;
 516
 517		spin_lock(&shutdown_lock);
 518		list_add(&mfile->shutdown_list, &shutdown_files);
 519		spin_unlock(&shutdown_lock);
 520
 521		mfile->file->f_op = &snd_shutdown_f_ops;
 522		fops_get(mfile->file->f_op);
 
 523	}
 524	spin_unlock(&card->files_lock);	
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 525
 526	/* notify all connected devices about disconnection */
 527	/* at this point, they cannot respond to any calls except release() */
 528
 529#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS)
 530	if (snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback)
 531		snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback(card, SND_MIXER_OSS_NOTIFY_DISCONNECT);
 532#endif
 533
 534	/* notify all devices that we are disconnected */
 535	snd_device_disconnect_all(card);
 536
 537	if (card->sync_irq > 0)
 538		synchronize_irq(card->sync_irq);
 539
 540	snd_info_card_disconnect(card);
 
 
 
 
 
 541	if (card->registered) {
 542		device_del(&card->card_dev);
 543		card->registered = false;
 544	}
 545
 546	/* disable fops (user space) operations for ALSA API */
 547	mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 548	snd_cards[card->number] = NULL;
 549	clear_bit(card->number, snd_cards_lock);
 550	mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 551
 552#ifdef CONFIG_PM
 553	wake_up(&card->power_sleep);
 554	snd_power_sync_ref(card);
 555#endif
 556}
 557EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_disconnect);
 558
 559/**
 560 * snd_card_disconnect_sync - disconnect card and wait until files get closed
 561 * @card: card object to disconnect
 562 *
 563 * This calls snd_card_disconnect() for disconnecting all belonging components
 564 * and waits until all pending files get closed.
 565 * It assures that all accesses from user-space finished so that the driver
 566 * can release its resources gracefully.
 567 */
 568void snd_card_disconnect_sync(struct snd_card *card)
 569{
 570	snd_card_disconnect(card);
 571
 572	spin_lock_irq(&card->files_lock);
 573	wait_event_lock_irq(card->remove_sleep,
 574			    list_empty(&card->files_list),
 575			    card->files_lock);
 576	spin_unlock_irq(&card->files_lock);
 577}
 578EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_disconnect_sync);
 579
 580static int snd_card_do_free(struct snd_card *card)
 581{
 582	card->releasing = true;
 583#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS)
 584	if (snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback)
 585		snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback(card, SND_MIXER_OSS_NOTIFY_FREE);
 586#endif
 587	snd_device_free_all(card);
 588	if (card->private_free)
 589		card->private_free(card);
 590	if (snd_info_card_free(card) < 0) {
 591		dev_warn(card->dev, "unable to free card info\n");
 592		/* Not fatal error */
 593	}
 594#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DEBUG
 595	debugfs_remove(card->debugfs_root);
 596	card->debugfs_root = NULL;
 597#endif
 598	if (card->release_completion)
 599		complete(card->release_completion);
 600	if (!card->managed)
 601		kfree(card);
 602	return 0;
 603}
 604
 605/**
 606 * snd_card_free_when_closed - Disconnect the card, free it later eventually
 607 * @card: soundcard structure
 608 *
 609 * Unlike snd_card_free(), this function doesn't try to release the card
 610 * resource immediately, but tries to disconnect at first.  When the card
 611 * is still in use, the function returns before freeing the resources.
 612 * The card resources will be freed when the refcount gets to zero.
 613 *
 614 * Return: zero if successful, or a negative error code
 615 */
 616void snd_card_free_when_closed(struct snd_card *card)
 617{
 618	if (!card)
 619		return;
 620
 621	snd_card_disconnect(card);
 622	put_device(&card->card_dev);
 623	return;
 624}
 625EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_free_when_closed);
 626
 627/**
 628 * snd_card_free - frees given soundcard structure
 629 * @card: soundcard structure
 630 *
 631 * This function releases the soundcard structure and the all assigned
 632 * devices automatically.  That is, you don't have to release the devices
 633 * by yourself.
 634 *
 635 * This function waits until the all resources are properly released.
 636 *
 637 * Return: Zero. Frees all associated devices and frees the control
 638 * interface associated to given soundcard.
 639 */
 640void snd_card_free(struct snd_card *card)
 641{
 642	DECLARE_COMPLETION_ONSTACK(released);
 643
 644	/* The call of snd_card_free() is allowed from various code paths;
 645	 * a manual call from the driver and the call via devres_free, and
 646	 * we need to avoid double-free. Moreover, the release via devres
 647	 * may call snd_card_free() twice due to its nature, we need to have
 648	 * the check here at the beginning.
 649	 */
 650	if (card->releasing)
 651		return;
 652
 653	card->release_completion = &released;
 654	snd_card_free_when_closed(card);
 655
 656	/* wait, until all devices are ready for the free operation */
 657	wait_for_completion(&released);
 658}
 659EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_free);
 660
 
 
 
 
 
 
 661/* retrieve the last word of shortname or longname */
 662static const char *retrieve_id_from_card_name(const char *name)
 663{
 664	const char *spos = name;
 665
 666	while (*name) {
 667		if (isspace(*name) && isalnum(name[1]))
 668			spos = name + 1;
 669		name++;
 670	}
 671	return spos;
 672}
 673
 674/* return true if the given id string doesn't conflict any other card ids */
 675static bool card_id_ok(struct snd_card *card, const char *id)
 676{
 677	int i;
 678	if (!snd_info_check_reserved_words(id))
 679		return false;
 680	for (i = 0; i < snd_ecards_limit; i++) {
 681		if (snd_cards[i] && snd_cards[i] != card &&
 682		    !strcmp(snd_cards[i]->id, id))
 683			return false;
 684	}
 685	return true;
 686}
 687
 688/* copy to card->id only with valid letters from nid */
 689static void copy_valid_id_string(struct snd_card *card, const char *src,
 690				 const char *nid)
 691{
 692	char *id = card->id;
 693
 694	while (*nid && !isalnum(*nid))
 695		nid++;
 696	if (isdigit(*nid))
 697		*id++ = isalpha(*src) ? *src : 'D';
 698	while (*nid && (size_t)(id - card->id) < sizeof(card->id) - 1) {
 699		if (isalnum(*nid))
 700			*id++ = *nid;
 701		nid++;
 702	}
 703	*id = 0;
 704}
 705
 706/* Set card->id from the given string
 707 * If the string conflicts with other ids, add a suffix to make it unique.
 708 */
 709static void snd_card_set_id_no_lock(struct snd_card *card, const char *src,
 710				    const char *nid)
 711{
 712	int len, loops;
 713	bool is_default = false;
 714	char *id;
 715	
 716	copy_valid_id_string(card, src, nid);
 717	id = card->id;
 718
 719 again:
 720	/* use "Default" for obviously invalid strings
 721	 * ("card" conflicts with proc directories)
 722	 */
 723	if (!*id || !strncmp(id, "card", 4)) {
 724		strcpy(id, "Default");
 725		is_default = true;
 726	}
 727
 728	len = strlen(id);
 729	for (loops = 0; loops < SNDRV_CARDS; loops++) {
 730		char *spos;
 731		char sfxstr[5]; /* "_012" */
 732		int sfxlen;
 733
 734		if (card_id_ok(card, id))
 735			return; /* OK */
 736
 737		/* Add _XYZ suffix */
 738		sprintf(sfxstr, "_%X", loops + 1);
 739		sfxlen = strlen(sfxstr);
 740		if (len + sfxlen >= sizeof(card->id))
 741			spos = id + sizeof(card->id) - sfxlen - 1;
 742		else
 743			spos = id + len;
 744		strcpy(spos, sfxstr);
 745	}
 746	/* fallback to the default id */
 747	if (!is_default) {
 748		*id = 0;
 749		goto again;
 750	}
 751	/* last resort... */
 752	dev_err(card->dev, "unable to set card id (%s)\n", id);
 753	if (card->proc_root->name)
 754		strscpy(card->id, card->proc_root->name, sizeof(card->id));
 755}
 756
 757/**
 758 *  snd_card_set_id - set card identification name
 759 *  @card: soundcard structure
 760 *  @nid: new identification string
 761 *
 762 *  This function sets the card identification and checks for name
 763 *  collisions.
 764 */
 765void snd_card_set_id(struct snd_card *card, const char *nid)
 766{
 767	/* check if user specified own card->id */
 768	if (card->id[0] != '\0')
 769		return;
 770	mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 771	snd_card_set_id_no_lock(card, nid, nid);
 772	mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 773}
 774EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_set_id);
 775
 776static ssize_t id_show(struct device *dev,
 777		       struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 778{
 779	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 780	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", card->id);
 781}
 782
 783static ssize_t id_store(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr,
 784			const char *buf, size_t count)
 785{
 786	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 787	char buf1[sizeof(card->id)];
 788	size_t copy = count > sizeof(card->id) - 1 ?
 789					sizeof(card->id) - 1 : count;
 790	size_t idx;
 791	int c;
 792
 793	for (idx = 0; idx < copy; idx++) {
 794		c = buf[idx];
 795		if (!isalnum(c) && c != '_' && c != '-')
 796			return -EINVAL;
 797	}
 798	memcpy(buf1, buf, copy);
 799	buf1[copy] = '\0';
 800	mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 801	if (!card_id_ok(NULL, buf1)) {
 802		mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 803		return -EEXIST;
 804	}
 805	strcpy(card->id, buf1);
 806	snd_info_card_id_change(card);
 807	mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 808
 809	return count;
 810}
 811
 812static DEVICE_ATTR_RW(id);
 813
 814static ssize_t number_show(struct device *dev,
 815			   struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
 816{
 817	struct snd_card *card = container_of(dev, struct snd_card, card_dev);
 818	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%i\n", card->number);
 819}
 820
 821static DEVICE_ATTR_RO(number);
 822
 823static struct attribute *card_dev_attrs[] = {
 824	&dev_attr_id.attr,
 825	&dev_attr_number.attr,
 826	NULL
 827};
 828
 829static const struct attribute_group card_dev_attr_group = {
 830	.attrs	= card_dev_attrs,
 831};
 832
 833/**
 834 * snd_card_add_dev_attr - Append a new sysfs attribute group to card
 835 * @card: card instance
 836 * @group: attribute group to append
 837 *
 838 * Return: zero if successful, or a negative error code
 839 */
 840int snd_card_add_dev_attr(struct snd_card *card,
 841			  const struct attribute_group *group)
 842{
 843	int i;
 844
 845	/* loop for (arraysize-1) here to keep NULL at the last entry */
 846	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(card->dev_groups) - 1; i++) {
 847		if (!card->dev_groups[i]) {
 848			card->dev_groups[i] = group;
 849			return 0;
 850		}
 851	}
 852
 853	dev_err(card->dev, "Too many groups assigned\n");
 854	return -ENOSPC;
 855}
 856EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_card_add_dev_attr);
 857
 858static void trigger_card_free(void *data)
 859{
 860	snd_card_free(data);
 861}
 862
 863/**
 864 *  snd_card_register - register the soundcard
 865 *  @card: soundcard structure
 866 *
 867 *  This function registers all the devices assigned to the soundcard.
 868 *  Until calling this, the ALSA control interface is blocked from the
 869 *  external accesses.  Thus, you should call this function at the end
 870 *  of the initialization of the card.
 871 *
 872 *  Return: Zero otherwise a negative error code if the registration failed.
 873 */
 874int snd_card_register(struct snd_card *card)
 875{
 876	int err;
 877
 878	if (snd_BUG_ON(!card))
 879		return -EINVAL;
 880
 881	if (!card->registered) {
 882		err = device_add(&card->card_dev);
 883		if (err < 0)
 884			return err;
 885		card->registered = true;
 886	} else {
 887		if (card->managed)
 888			devm_remove_action(card->dev, trigger_card_free, card);
 889	}
 890
 891	if (card->managed) {
 892		err = devm_add_action(card->dev, trigger_card_free, card);
 893		if (err < 0)
 894			return err;
 895	}
 896
 897	err = snd_device_register_all(card);
 898	if (err < 0)
 899		return err;
 900	mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 901	if (snd_cards[card->number]) {
 902		/* already registered */
 903		mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 904		return snd_info_card_register(card); /* register pending info */
 905	}
 906	if (*card->id) {
 907		/* make a unique id name from the given string */
 908		char tmpid[sizeof(card->id)];
 909		memcpy(tmpid, card->id, sizeof(card->id));
 910		snd_card_set_id_no_lock(card, tmpid, tmpid);
 911	} else {
 912		/* create an id from either shortname or longname */
 913		const char *src;
 914		src = *card->shortname ? card->shortname : card->longname;
 915		snd_card_set_id_no_lock(card, src,
 916					retrieve_id_from_card_name(src));
 
 
 
 917	}
 918	snd_cards[card->number] = card;
 919	mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 920	err = snd_info_card_register(card);
 921	if (err < 0)
 922		return err;
 923
 924#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SND_MIXER_OSS)
 925	if (snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback)
 926		snd_mixer_oss_notify_callback(card, SND_MIXER_OSS_NOTIFY_REGISTER);
 927#endif
 928	return 0;
 929}
 930EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_register);
 931
 932#ifdef CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS
 933static void snd_card_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 934			       struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 935{
 936	int idx, count;
 937	struct snd_card *card;
 938
 939	for (idx = count = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 940		mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 941		card = snd_cards[idx];
 942		if (card) {
 943			count++;
 944			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%2i [%-15s]: %s - %s\n",
 945					idx,
 946					card->id,
 947					card->driver,
 948					card->shortname);
 949			snd_iprintf(buffer, "                      %s\n",
 950					card->longname);
 951		}
 952		mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 953	}
 954	if (!count)
 955		snd_iprintf(buffer, "--- no soundcards ---\n");
 956}
 957
 958#ifdef CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL
 959void snd_card_info_read_oss(struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 960{
 961	int idx, count;
 962	struct snd_card *card;
 963
 964	for (idx = count = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 965		mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 966		card = snd_cards[idx];
 967		if (card) {
 968			count++;
 969			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%s\n", card->longname);
 970		}
 971		mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 972	}
 973	if (!count) {
 974		snd_iprintf(buffer, "--- no soundcards ---\n");
 975	}
 976}
 977
 978#endif
 979
 980#ifdef MODULE
 981static void snd_card_module_info_read(struct snd_info_entry *entry,
 982				      struct snd_info_buffer *buffer)
 983{
 984	int idx;
 985	struct snd_card *card;
 986
 987	for (idx = 0; idx < SNDRV_CARDS; idx++) {
 988		mutex_lock(&snd_card_mutex);
 989		card = snd_cards[idx];
 990		if (card)
 991			snd_iprintf(buffer, "%2i %s\n",
 992				    idx, card->module->name);
 993		mutex_unlock(&snd_card_mutex);
 994	}
 995}
 996#endif
 997
 998int __init snd_card_info_init(void)
 999{
1000	struct snd_info_entry *entry;
1001
1002	entry = snd_info_create_module_entry(THIS_MODULE, "cards", NULL);
1003	if (! entry)
1004		return -ENOMEM;
1005	entry->c.text.read = snd_card_info_read;
1006	if (snd_info_register(entry) < 0)
1007		return -ENOMEM; /* freed in error path */
1008
1009#ifdef MODULE
1010	entry = snd_info_create_module_entry(THIS_MODULE, "modules", NULL);
1011	if (!entry)
1012		return -ENOMEM;
1013	entry->c.text.read = snd_card_module_info_read;
1014	if (snd_info_register(entry) < 0)
1015		return -ENOMEM; /* freed in error path */
1016#endif
1017
1018	return 0;
1019}
1020#endif /* CONFIG_SND_PROC_FS */
1021
1022/**
1023 *  snd_component_add - add a component string
1024 *  @card: soundcard structure
1025 *  @component: the component id string
1026 *
1027 *  This function adds the component id string to the supported list.
1028 *  The component can be referred from the alsa-lib.
1029 *
1030 *  Return: Zero otherwise a negative error code.
1031 */
1032  
1033int snd_component_add(struct snd_card *card, const char *component)
1034{
1035	char *ptr;
1036	int len = strlen(component);
1037
1038	ptr = strstr(card->components, component);
1039	if (ptr != NULL) {
1040		if (ptr[len] == '\0' || ptr[len] == ' ')	/* already there */
1041			return 1;
1042	}
1043	if (strlen(card->components) + 1 + len + 1 > sizeof(card->components)) {
1044		snd_BUG();
1045		return -ENOMEM;
1046	}
1047	if (card->components[0] != '\0')
1048		strcat(card->components, " ");
1049	strcat(card->components, component);
1050	return 0;
1051}
1052EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_component_add);
1053
1054/**
1055 *  snd_card_file_add - add the file to the file list of the card
1056 *  @card: soundcard structure
1057 *  @file: file pointer
1058 *
1059 *  This function adds the file to the file linked-list of the card.
1060 *  This linked-list is used to keep tracking the connection state,
1061 *  and to avoid the release of busy resources by hotplug.
1062 *
1063 *  Return: zero or a negative error code.
1064 */
1065int snd_card_file_add(struct snd_card *card, struct file *file)
1066{
1067	struct snd_monitor_file *mfile;
1068
1069	mfile = kmalloc(sizeof(*mfile), GFP_KERNEL);
1070	if (mfile == NULL)
1071		return -ENOMEM;
1072	mfile->file = file;
1073	mfile->disconnected_f_op = NULL;
1074	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mfile->shutdown_list);
1075	spin_lock(&card->files_lock);
1076	if (card->shutdown) {
1077		spin_unlock(&card->files_lock);
1078		kfree(mfile);
1079		return -ENODEV;
1080	}
1081	list_add(&mfile->list, &card->files_list);
1082	get_device(&card->card_dev);
1083	spin_unlock(&card->files_lock);
1084	return 0;
1085}
1086EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_file_add);
1087
1088/**
1089 *  snd_card_file_remove - remove the file from the file list
1090 *  @card: soundcard structure
1091 *  @file: file pointer
1092 *
1093 *  This function removes the file formerly added to the card via
1094 *  snd_card_file_add() function.
1095 *  If all files are removed and snd_card_free_when_closed() was
1096 *  called beforehand, it processes the pending release of
1097 *  resources.
1098 *
1099 *  Return: Zero or a negative error code.
1100 */
1101int snd_card_file_remove(struct snd_card *card, struct file *file)
1102{
1103	struct snd_monitor_file *mfile, *found = NULL;
1104
1105	spin_lock(&card->files_lock);
1106	list_for_each_entry(mfile, &card->files_list, list) {
1107		if (mfile->file == file) {
1108			list_del(&mfile->list);
1109			spin_lock(&shutdown_lock);
1110			list_del(&mfile->shutdown_list);
1111			spin_unlock(&shutdown_lock);
1112			if (mfile->disconnected_f_op)
1113				fops_put(mfile->disconnected_f_op);
1114			found = mfile;
1115			break;
1116		}
 
 
1117	}
1118	if (list_empty(&card->files_list))
1119		wake_up_all(&card->remove_sleep);
1120	spin_unlock(&card->files_lock);
1121	if (!found) {
1122		dev_err(card->dev, "card file remove problem (%p)\n", file);
1123		return -ENOENT;
1124	}
1125	kfree(found);
1126	put_device(&card->card_dev);
1127	return 0;
1128}
1129EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_card_file_remove);
1130
1131#ifdef CONFIG_PM
1132/**
1133 * snd_power_ref_and_wait - wait until the card gets powered up
1134 * @card: soundcard structure
1135 *
1136 * Take the power_ref reference count of the given card, and
1137 * wait until the card gets powered up to SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0 state.
1138 * The refcount is down again while sleeping until power-up, hence this
1139 * function can be used for syncing the floating control ops accesses,
1140 * typically around calling control ops.
1141 *
1142 * The caller needs to pull down the refcount via snd_power_unref() later
1143 * no matter whether the error is returned from this function or not.
1144 *
1145 * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code.
1146 */
1147int snd_power_ref_and_wait(struct snd_card *card)
1148{
1149	snd_power_ref(card);
1150	if (snd_power_get_state(card) == SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0)
1151		return 0;
1152	wait_event_cmd(card->power_sleep,
1153		       card->shutdown ||
1154		       snd_power_get_state(card) == SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0,
1155		       snd_power_unref(card), snd_power_ref(card));
1156	return card->shutdown ? -ENODEV : 0;
1157}
1158EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_power_ref_and_wait);
1159
1160/**
1161 * snd_power_wait - wait until the card gets powered up (old form)
1162 * @card: soundcard structure
1163 *
1164 * Wait until the card gets powered up to SNDRV_CTL_POWER_D0 state.
1165 *
1166 * Return: Zero if successful, or a negative error code.
1167 */
1168int snd_power_wait(struct snd_card *card)
1169{
1170	int ret;
1171
1172	ret = snd_power_ref_and_wait(card);
1173	snd_power_unref(card);
1174	return ret;
1175}
1176EXPORT_SYMBOL(snd_power_wait);
1177#endif /* CONFIG_PM */