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v6.13.7
   1#!/usr/bin/env perl
   2# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3#
   4# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5# (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6# (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7# (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8# (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10use strict;
  11use warnings;
  12use POSIX;
  13use File::Basename;
  14use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18my $P = $0;
  19my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25my $quiet = 0;
  26my $verbose = 0;
  27my %verbose_messages = ();
  28my %verbose_emitted = ();
  29my $tree = 1;
  30my $chk_signoff = 1;
  31my $chk_fixes_tag = 1;
  32my $chk_patch = 1;
  33my $tst_only;
  34my $emacs = 0;
  35my $terse = 0;
  36my $showfile = 0;
  37my $file = 0;
  38my $git = 0;
  39my %git_commits = ();
  40my $check = 0;
  41my $check_orig = 0;
  42my $summary = 1;
  43my $mailback = 0;
  44my $summary_file = 0;
  45my $show_types = 0;
  46my $list_types = 0;
  47my $fix = 0;
  48my $fix_inplace = 0;
  49my $root;
  50my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
  51$gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
  52my %debug;
  53my %camelcase = ();
  54my %use_type = ();
  55my @use = ();
  56my %ignore_type = ();
  57my @ignore = ();
  58my $help = 0;
  59my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  60my $max_line_length = 100;
  61my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  62my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  63my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  64my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  65my $codespell = 0;
  66my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  67my $user_codespellfile = "";
  68my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  69my $docsfile = "$D/../Documentation/dev-tools/checkpatch.rst";
  70my $typedefsfile;
  71my $color = "auto";
  72my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  73# git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  74my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  75my $tabsize = 8;
  76my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
  77
  78my %maybe_linker_symbol; # for externs in c exceptions, when seen in *vmlinux.lds.h
  79
  80sub help {
  81	my ($exitcode) = @_;
  82
  83	print << "EOM";
  84Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  85Version: $V
  86
  87Options:
  88  -q, --quiet                quiet
  89  -v, --verbose              verbose mode
  90  --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  91  --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  92  --no-fixes-tag             do not check for 'Fixes:' tag
  93  --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  94  --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  95  --terse                    one line per report
  96  --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  97  -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  98                             single git commit with:
  99                               <rev>
 100                               <rev>^
 101                               <rev>~n
 102                             multiple git commits with:
 103                               <rev1>..<rev2>
 104                               <rev1>...<rev2>
 105                               <rev>-<count>
 106                             git merges are ignored
 107  -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
 108  --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
 109  --list-types               list the possible message types
 110  --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
 111  --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
 112  --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 113  --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
 114                             if exceeded, warn on patches
 115                             requires --strict for use with --file
 116  --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 117  --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
 118  --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 119  --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 120  --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 121  --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 122  --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 123                             'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 124                             is all off)
 125  --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 126                             literally
 127  --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 128                             If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 129                             "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 130                             with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 131                             checkpatch style
 132  --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 133                             Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 134                             file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 135  --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 136                             runtime errors.
 137  --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 138                             (default:$codespellfile)
 139  --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 140  --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 141  --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 142                             is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 143  --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
 144                             ${CONFIG_})
 145  -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 146
 147When FILE is - read standard input.
 148EOM
 149
 150	exit($exitcode);
 151}
 152
 153sub uniq {
 154	my %seen;
 155	return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 156}
 157
 158sub list_types {
 159	my ($exitcode) = @_;
 160
 161	my $count = 0;
 162
 163	local $/ = undef;
 164
 165	open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 166	    die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 167
 168	my $text = <$script>;
 169	close($script);
 170
 171	my %types = ();
 172	# Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 173	while ($text =~ /(?:(\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 174		if (defined($1)) {
 175			if (exists($types{$2})) {
 176				$types{$2} .= ",$1" if ($types{$2} ne $1);
 177			} else {
 178				$types{$2} = $1;
 179			}
 180		} else {
 181			$types{$2} = "UNDETERMINED";
 182		}
 183	}
 184
 185	print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 186	if ($color) {
 187		print(" ( Color coding: ");
 188		print(RED . "ERROR" . RESET);
 189		print(" | ");
 190		print(YELLOW . "WARNING" . RESET);
 191		print(" | ");
 192		print(GREEN . "CHECK" . RESET);
 193		print(" | ");
 194		print("Multiple levels / Undetermined");
 195		print(" )\n\n");
 196	}
 197
 198	foreach my $type (sort keys %types) {
 199		my $orig_type = $type;
 200		if ($color) {
 201			my $level = $types{$type};
 202			if ($level eq "ERROR") {
 203				$type = RED . $type . RESET;
 204			} elsif ($level eq "WARN") {
 205				$type = YELLOW . $type . RESET;
 206			} elsif ($level eq "CHK") {
 207				$type = GREEN . $type . RESET;
 208			}
 209		}
 210		print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 211		if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$orig_type})) {
 212			my $message = $verbose_messages{$orig_type};
 213			$message =~ s/\n/\n\t/g;
 214			print("\t" . $message . "\n\n");
 215		}
 216	}
 217
 218	exit($exitcode);
 219}
 220
 221my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 222if (-f $conf) {
 223	my @conf_args;
 224	open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 225	    or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 226
 227	while (<$conffile>) {
 228		my $line = $_;
 229
 230		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 231		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 232		$line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 233
 234		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 235		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 236
 237		my @words = split(" ", $line);
 238		foreach my $word (@words) {
 239			last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 240			push (@conf_args, $word);
 241		}
 242	}
 243	close($conffile);
 244	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 245}
 246
 247sub load_docs {
 248	open(my $docs, '<', "$docsfile")
 249	    or warn "$P: Can't read the documentation file $docsfile $!\n";
 250
 251	my $type = '';
 252	my $desc = '';
 253	my $in_desc = 0;
 254
 255	while (<$docs>) {
 256		chomp;
 257		my $line = $_;
 258		$line =~ s/\s+$//;
 259
 260		if ($line =~ /^\s*\*\*(.+)\*\*$/) {
 261			if ($desc ne '') {
 262				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 263			}
 264			$type = $1;
 265			$desc = '';
 266			$in_desc = 1;
 267		} elsif ($in_desc) {
 268			if ($line =~ /^(?:\s{4,}|$)/) {
 269				$line =~ s/^\s{4}//;
 270				$desc .= $line;
 271				$desc .= "\n";
 272			} else {
 273				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 274				$type = '';
 275				$desc = '';
 276				$in_desc = 0;
 277			}
 278		}
 279	}
 280
 281	if ($desc ne '') {
 282		$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 283	}
 284	close($docs);
 285}
 286
 287# Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 288# Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 289foreach (@ARGV) {
 290	if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 291		$_ = "--color=$color";
 292	}
 293}
 294
 295GetOptions(
 296	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
 297	'v|verbose!'	=> \$verbose,
 298	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
 299	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
 300	'fixes-tag!'	=> \$chk_fixes_tag,
 301	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
 302	'emacs!'	=> \$emacs,
 303	'terse!'	=> \$terse,
 304	'showfile!'	=> \$showfile,
 305	'f|file!'	=> \$file,
 306	'g|git!'	=> \$git,
 307	'subjective!'	=> \$check,
 308	'strict!'	=> \$check,
 309	'ignore=s'	=> \@ignore,
 310	'types=s'	=> \@use,
 311	'show-types!'	=> \$show_types,
 312	'list-types!'	=> \$list_types,
 313	'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 314	'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 315	'tab-size=i'	=> \$tabsize,
 316	'root=s'	=> \$root,
 317	'summary!'	=> \$summary,
 318	'mailback!'	=> \$mailback,
 319	'summary-file!'	=> \$summary_file,
 320	'fix!'		=> \$fix,
 321	'fix-inplace!'	=> \$fix_inplace,
 322	'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 323	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
 324	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
 325	'codespell!'	=> \$codespell,
 326	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$user_codespellfile,
 327	'typedefsfile=s'	=> \$typedefsfile,
 328	'color=s'	=> \$color,
 329	'no-color'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 330	'nocolor'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 331	'kconfig-prefix=s'	=> \${CONFIG_},
 332	'h|help'	=> \$help,
 333	'version'	=> \$help
 334) or $help = 2;
 335
 336if ($user_codespellfile) {
 337	# Use the user provided codespell file unconditionally
 338	$codespellfile = $user_codespellfile;
 339} elsif (!(-f $codespellfile)) {
 340	# If /usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt is not present, try to find it
 341	# under codespell's install directory: <codespell_root>/data/dictionary.txt
 342	if (($codespell || $help) && which("python3") ne "") {
 343		my $python_codespell_dict = << "EOF";
 344
 345import os.path as op
 346import codespell_lib
 347codespell_dir = op.dirname(codespell_lib.__file__)
 348codespell_file = op.join(codespell_dir, 'data', 'dictionary.txt')
 349print(codespell_file, end='')
 350EOF
 351
 352		my $codespell_dict = `python3 -c "$python_codespell_dict" 2> /dev/null`;
 353		$codespellfile = $codespell_dict if (-f $codespell_dict);
 354	}
 355}
 356
 357# $help is 1 if either -h, --help or --version is passed as option - exitcode: 0
 358# $help is 2 if invalid option is passed - exitcode: 1
 359help($help - 1) if ($help);
 360
 361die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
 362die "$P: --verbose cannot be used with --terse\n" if ($verbose && $terse);
 363
 364if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 365	$color = !$color;
 366} elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 367	$color = 1;
 368} elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 369	$color = 0;
 370} elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 371	$color = (-t STDOUT);
 372} else {
 373	die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 374}
 375
 376load_docs() if ($verbose);
 377list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 378
 379$fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 380$check_orig = $check;
 381
 382my $exit = 0;
 383
 384my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 385if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 386	$perl_version_ok = 0;
 387	printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 388	exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 389}
 390
 391#if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 392if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 393	push(@ARGV, '-');
 394}
 395
 396# skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 397die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 398
 399sub hash_save_array_words {
 400	my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 401
 402	my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 403	foreach my $word (@array) {
 404		$word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 405		$word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 406		$word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 407		$word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 408
 409		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 410		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 411
 412		$hashRef->{$word}++;
 413	}
 414}
 415
 416sub hash_show_words {
 417	my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 418
 419	if (keys %$hashRef) {
 420		print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 421		foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 422			print " $word";
 423		}
 424		print "\n";
 425	}
 426}
 427
 428hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 429hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 430
 431my $dbg_values = 0;
 432my $dbg_possible = 0;
 433my $dbg_type = 0;
 434my $dbg_attr = 0;
 435for my $key (keys %debug) {
 436	## no critic
 437	eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 438	die "$@" if ($@);
 439}
 440
 441my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 442
 443if ($terse) {
 444	$emacs = 1;
 445	$quiet++;
 446}
 447
 448if ($tree) {
 449	if (defined $root) {
 450		if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 451			die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 452		}
 453	} else {
 454		if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 455			$root = '.';
 456		} elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 457						top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 458			$root = $1;
 459		}
 460	}
 461
 462	if (!defined $root) {
 463		print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 464		exit(2);
 465	}
 466}
 467
 468my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 469
 470our $Ident	= qr{
 471			[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 472			(?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 473		}x;
 474our $Storage	= qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 475our $Sparse	= qr{
 476			__user|
 477			__kernel|
 478			__force|
 479			__iomem|
 480			__must_check|
 481			__kprobes|
 482			__ref|
 483			__refconst|
 484			__refdata|
 485			__rcu|
 486			__private
 487		}x;
 488our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 489our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 490our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 491our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 492our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 493
 494# Notes to $Attribute:
 495# We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 496our $Attribute	= qr{
 497			const|
 498			volatile|
 499			__percpu|
 500			__nocast|
 501			__safe|
 502			__bitwise|
 503			__packed__|
 504			__packed2__|
 505			__naked|
 506			__maybe_unused|
 507			__always_unused|
 508			__noreturn|
 509			__used|
 510			__cold|
 511			__pure|
 512			__noclone|
 513			__deprecated|
 514			__read_mostly|
 515			__ro_after_init|
 516			__kprobes|
 517			$InitAttribute|
 518			__aligned\s*\(.*\)|
 519			____cacheline_aligned|
 520			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 521			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 522			__weak|
 523			__alloc_size\s*\(\s*\d+\s*(?:,\s*\d+\s*)?\)
 524		  }x;
 525our $Modifier;
 526our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 527our $Member	= qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 528our $Lval	= qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 529
 530our $Int_type	= qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 531our $Binary	= qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 532our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 533our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 534our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 535our $String	= qr{(?:\b[Lu])?"[X\t]*"};
 536our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 537our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 538our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 539our $Float	= qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 540our $Constant	= qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 541our $Assignment	= qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 542our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 543our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 544our $Operators	= qr{
 545			<=|>=|==|!=|
 546			=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 547			&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 548		  }x;
 549
 550our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 551
 552our $BasicType;
 553our $NonptrType;
 554our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 555our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 556our $Type;
 557our $TypeMisordered;
 558our $Declare;
 559our $DeclareMisordered;
 560
 561our $NON_ASCII_UTF8	= qr{
 562	[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 563	|  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 564	| [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 565	|  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 566	|  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 567	| [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 568	|  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 569}x;
 570
 571our $UTF8	= qr{
 572	[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 573	| $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 574}x;
 575
 576our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 577our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 578	u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 579	u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 580)};
 581our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 582	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 583	atomic_t
 584)};
 585our $typeStdioTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 586	FILE
 587)};
 588our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 589	$typeC99Typedefs\b|
 590	$typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 591	$typeKernelTypedefs\b|
 592	$typeStdioTypedefs\b
 593)};
 594
 595our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 596
 597our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 598	printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 599	(?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 600	TP_printk|
 601	WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 602	panic|
 603	MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 604	seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 605)};
 606
 607our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 608	(?:(?:devm_)?
 609		(?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_array)?(?:_node)? |
 610		kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 611		kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 612	(?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
 613				# dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 614	dma_alloc_coherent
 615)};
 616
 617our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 618	Signed-off-by:|
 619	Co-developed-by:|
 620	Acked-by:|
 621	Tested-by:|
 622	Reviewed-by:|
 623	Reported-by:|
 624	Suggested-by:|
 625	To:|
 626	Cc:
 627)};
 628
 629our @link_tags = qw(Link Closes);
 630
 631#Create a search and print patterns for all these strings to be used directly below
 632our $link_tags_search = "";
 633our $link_tags_print = "";
 634foreach my $entry (@link_tags) {
 635	if ($link_tags_search ne "") {
 636		$link_tags_search .= '|';
 637		$link_tags_print .= ' or ';
 638	}
 639	$entry .= ':';
 640	$link_tags_search .= $entry;
 641	$link_tags_print .= "'$entry'";
 642}
 643$link_tags_search = "(?:${link_tags_search})";
 644
 645our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
 646	[=-]*> |
 647	<[=-]* |
 648	\[ |
 649	\] |
 650	start |
 651	called |
 652	entered |
 653	entry |
 654	enter |
 655	in |
 656	inside |
 657	here |
 658	begin |
 659	exit |
 660	end |
 661	done |
 662	leave |
 663	completed |
 664	out |
 665	return |
 666	[\.\!:\s]*
 667)};
 668
 669sub edit_distance_min {
 670	my (@arr) = @_;
 671	my $len = scalar @arr;
 672	if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
 673		# if underflow, return
 674		return;
 675	}
 676	my $min = $arr[0];
 677	for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
 678		if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
 679			$min = $arr[$i];
 680		}
 681	}
 682	return $min;
 683}
 684
 685sub get_edit_distance {
 686	my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
 687	$str1 = lc($str1);
 688	$str2 = lc($str2);
 689	$str1 =~ s/-//g;
 690	$str2 =~ s/-//g;
 691	my $len1 = length($str1);
 692	my $len2 = length($str2);
 693	# two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
 694	my @distance;
 695	for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
 696		for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
 697			if ($i == 0) {
 698				$distance[$i][$j] = $j;
 699			} elsif ($j == 0) {
 700				$distance[$i][$j] = $i;
 701			} elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
 702				$distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
 703			} else {
 704				my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
 705				my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
 706				my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
 707				$distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
 708			}
 709		}
 710	}
 711	return $distance[$len1][$len2];
 712}
 713
 714sub find_standard_signature {
 715	my ($sign_off) = @_;
 716	my @standard_signature_tags = (
 717		'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
 718		'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
 719	);
 720	foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
 721		return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
 722	}
 723
 724	return "";
 725}
 726
 727our $obsolete_archives = qr{(?xi:
 728	\Qfreedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel\E |
 729	\Qlists.infradead.org\E |
 730	\Qlkml.org\E |
 731	\Qmail-archive.com\E |
 732	\Qmailman.alsa-project.org/pipermail\E |
 733	\Qmarc.info\E |
 734	\Qozlabs.org/pipermail\E |
 735	\Qspinics.net\E
 736)};
 737
 738our @typeListMisordered = (
 739	qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 740	qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 741	qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 742	qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 743	qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 744	qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 745	qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 746	qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 747	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 748	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 749	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 750	qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 751	qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 752	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 753	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 754	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 755);
 756
 757our @typeList = (
 758	qr{void},
 759	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 760	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 761	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 762	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 763	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 764	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 765	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 766	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 767	qr{(?:un)?signed},
 768	qr{float},
 769	qr{double},
 770	qr{bool},
 771	qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 772	qr{union\s+$Ident},
 773	qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 774	qr{${Ident}_t},
 775	qr{${Ident}_handler},
 776	qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 777	@typeListMisordered,
 778);
 779
 780our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 781	long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 782	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 783	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 784	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 785	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 786	int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 787	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 788
 789	long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 790	long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 791	long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 792	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 793	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 794	int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 795	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 796
 797	int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 798	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 799)};
 800
 801our @typeListFile = ();
 802our @typeListWithAttr = (
 803	@typeList,
 804	qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 805	qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 806);
 807
 808our @modifierList = (
 809	qr{fastcall},
 810);
 811our @modifierListFile = ();
 812
 813our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 814	["module_param", 3],
 815	["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 816	["module_param_array_named", 5],
 817	["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 818	["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 819	["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 820	["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 821	["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 822	["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 823	["__ATTR", 2],
 824);
 825
 826my $word_pattern = '\b[A-Z]?[a-z]{2,}\b';
 827
 828#Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 829our $mode_perms_search = "";
 830foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 831	$mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 832	$mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 833}
 834$mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 835
 836our %deprecated_apis = (
 837	"synchronize_rcu_bh"			=> "synchronize_rcu",
 838	"synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"		=> "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 839	"call_rcu_bh"				=> "call_rcu",
 840	"rcu_barrier_bh"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 841	"synchronize_sched"			=> "synchronize_rcu",
 842	"synchronize_sched_expedited"		=> "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 843	"call_rcu_sched"			=> "call_rcu",
 844	"rcu_barrier_sched"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 845	"get_state_synchronize_sched"		=> "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 846	"cond_synchronize_sched"		=> "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 847	"kmap"					=> "kmap_local_page",
 848	"kunmap"				=> "kunmap_local",
 849	"kmap_atomic"				=> "kmap_local_page",
 850	"kunmap_atomic"				=> "kunmap_local",
 851);
 852
 853#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 854our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 855foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 856	$deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 857	$deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 858}
 859$deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 860
 861our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 862	S_IWUGO		|
 863	S_IWOTH		|
 864	S_IRWXUGO	|
 865	S_IALLUGO	|
 866	0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 867}x;
 868
 869our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 870	"S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 871	"S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 872	"S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 873	"S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 874	"S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 875	"S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 876	"S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 877	"S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 878	"S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 879	"S_IROTH" => 0004,
 880	"S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 881	"S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 882	"S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 883	"S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 884	"S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 885	"S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 886);
 887
 888#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 889our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 890foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 891	$mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 892	$mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 893}
 894our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 895our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 896	${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 897	(?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 898}x;
 899
 900sub perms_to_octal {
 901	my ($string) = @_;
 902
 903	return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 904
 905	my $val = "";
 906	my $oval = "";
 907	my $to = 0;
 908	my $curpos = 0;
 909	my $lastpos = 0;
 910	while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 911		$curpos = pos($string);
 912		my $match = $2;
 913		my $omatch = $1;
 914		last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 915		$lastpos = $curpos;
 916		$to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 917		$val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 918		$val .= $match;
 919		$oval .= $omatch;
 920	}
 921	$oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 922	$oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 923	return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 924}
 925
 926our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 927	irq|
 928	memory|
 929	time|
 930	reboot
 931)};
 932# memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 933
 934# Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 935my $misspellings;
 936my %spelling_fix;
 937
 938if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 939	while (<$spelling>) {
 940		my $line = $_;
 941
 942		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 943		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 944
 945		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 946		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 947
 948		my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 949
 950		$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 951	}
 952	close($spelling);
 953} else {
 954	warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 955}
 956
 957if ($codespell) {
 958	if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 959		while (<$spelling>) {
 960			my $line = $_;
 961
 962			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 963			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 964
 965			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 966			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 967			next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 968
 969			$line =~ s/,.*$//;
 970
 971			my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 972
 973			$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 974		}
 975		close($spelling);
 976	} else {
 977		warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 978	}
 979}
 980
 981$misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 982
 983sub read_words {
 984	my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 985
 986	if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 987		while (<$words>) {
 988			my $line = $_;
 989
 990			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 991			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 992
 993			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 994			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 995			if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 996				print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 997				next;
 998			}
 999
1000			$$wordsRef .= '|' if (defined $$wordsRef);
1001			$$wordsRef .= $line;
1002		}
1003		close($file);
1004		return 1;
1005	}
1006
1007	return 0;
1008}
1009
1010my $const_structs;
1011if (show_type("CONST_STRUCT")) {
1012	read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
1013	    or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
1014}
1015
1016if (defined($typedefsfile)) {
1017	my $typeOtherTypedefs;
1018	read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
1019	    or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
1020	$typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if (defined $typeOtherTypedefs);
1021}
1022
1023sub build_types {
1024	my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
1025	my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
1026	my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
1027	my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
1028	$Modifier	= qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
1029	$BasicType	= qr{
1030				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1031				(?:${all}\b)
1032		}x;
1033	$NonptrType	= qr{
1034			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1035			(?:
1036				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1037				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1038				(?:${all}\b)
1039			)
1040			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1041		  }x;
1042	$NonptrTypeMisordered	= qr{
1043			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1044			(?:
1045				(?:${Misordered}\b)
1046			)
1047			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1048		  }x;
1049	$NonptrTypeWithAttr	= qr{
1050			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1051			(?:
1052				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1053				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1054				(?:${allWithAttr}\b)
1055			)
1056			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1057		  }x;
1058	$Type	= qr{
1059			$NonptrType
1060			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1061			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1062		  }x;
1063	$TypeMisordered	= qr{
1064			$NonptrTypeMisordered
1065			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1066			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1067		  }x;
1068	$Declare	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
1069	$DeclareMisordered	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
1070}
1071build_types();
1072
1073our $Typecast	= qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
1074
1075# Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
1076# requires at least perl version v5.10.0
1077# Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
1078
1079our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
1080our $LvalOrFunc	= qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
1081our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
1082
1083our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
1084	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
1085	(?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
1086	(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(|
1087	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:XA_STATE|XA_STATE_ORDER)\s*\(
1088)};
1089
1090our %allow_repeated_words = (
1091	add => '',
1092	added => '',
1093	bad => '',
1094	be => '',
1095);
1096
1097sub deparenthesize {
1098	my ($string) = @_;
1099	return "" if (!defined($string));
1100
1101	while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
1102		$string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
1103		$string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
1104	}
1105
1106	$string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
1107
1108	return $string;
1109}
1110
1111sub seed_camelcase_file {
1112	my ($file) = @_;
1113
1114	return if (!(-f $file));
1115
1116	local $/;
1117
1118	open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
1119	    or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
1120	my $text = <$include_file>;
1121	close($include_file);
1122
1123	my @lines = split('\n', $text);
1124
1125	foreach my $line (@lines) {
1126		next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
1127		if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
1128			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1129		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
1130			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1131		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
1132			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1133		}
1134	}
1135}
1136
1137our %maintained_status = ();
1138
1139sub is_maintained_obsolete {
1140	my ($filename) = @_;
1141
1142	return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
1143
1144	if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
1145		$maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
1146	}
1147
1148	return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
1149}
1150
1151sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
1152	my ($license) = @_;
1153
1154	return 1 if (!$tree || which("python3") eq "" || !(-x "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1155
1156	my $root_path = abs_path($root);
1157	my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
1158	return 0 if ($status ne "");
1159	return 1;
1160}
1161
1162my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
1163sub seed_camelcase_includes {
1164	return if ($camelcase_seeded);
1165
1166	my $files;
1167	my $camelcase_cache = "";
1168	my @include_files = ();
1169
1170	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
1171
1172	if (-e "$gitroot") {
1173		my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
1174		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
1175		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
1176	} else {
1177		my $last_mod_date = 0;
1178		$files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
1179		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
1180		foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1181			my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
1182						   localtime((stat $file)[9]));
1183			$last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
1184		}
1185		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
1186	}
1187
1188	if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
1189		open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
1190		    or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1191		while (<$camelcase_file>) {
1192			chomp;
1193			$camelcase{$_} = 1;
1194		}
1195		close($camelcase_file);
1196
1197		return;
1198	}
1199
1200	if (-e "$gitroot") {
1201		$files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
1202		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
1203	}
1204
1205	foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1206		seed_camelcase_file($file);
1207	}
1208
1209	if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
1210		unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
1211		open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
1212		    or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1213		foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
1214			print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
1215		}
1216		close($camelcase_file);
1217	}
1218}
1219
1220sub git_is_single_file {
1221	my ($filename) = @_;
1222
1223	return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1224
1225	my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
1226	my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
1227	return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
1228}
1229
1230sub git_commit_info {
1231	my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
1232
1233	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1234
1235	my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
1236	$output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
1237	my @lines = split("\n", $output);
1238
1239	return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
1240
1241	if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
1242# Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
1243# all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
1244#
1245#		echo "checking commits $1..."
1246#		git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
1247#		while read line ; do
1248#		    git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
1249#		    echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
1250#		done
1251	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./ ||
1252		 $lines[0] =~ /^fatal: bad object $commit/) {
1253		$id = undef;
1254	} else {
1255		$id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
1256		$desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
1257	}
1258
1259	return ($id, $desc);
1260}
1261
1262$chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
1263$chk_fixes_tag = 0 if ($file);
1264
1265my @rawlines = ();
1266my @lines = ();
1267my @fixed = ();
1268my @fixed_inserted = ();
1269my @fixed_deleted = ();
1270my $fixlinenr = -1;
1271
1272# If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1273# For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1274die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
1275
1276if ($git) {
1277	my @commits = ();
1278	foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1279		my $git_range;
1280		if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1281			$git_range = "-$2 $1";
1282		} elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1283			$git_range = "$commit_expr";
1284		} else {
1285			$git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1286		}
1287		my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1288		foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1289			$line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1290			next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1291			my $sha1 = $1;
1292			my $subject = $2;
1293			unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1294			$git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1295		}
1296	}
1297	die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1298	@ARGV = @commits;
1299}
1300
1301my $vname;
1302$allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1303for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1304	my $FILE;
1305	my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
1306	my $oldfile = $file;
1307	$file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
1308	if ($git) {
1309		open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1310			die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1311	} elsif ($file) {
1312		open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1313			die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1314	} elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1315		open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1316	} else {
1317		open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1318			die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1319	}
1320	if ($filename eq '-') {
1321		$vname = 'Your patch';
1322	} elsif ($git) {
1323		$vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1324	} else {
1325		$vname = $filename;
1326	}
1327	while (<$FILE>) {
1328		chomp;
1329		push(@rawlines, $_);
1330		$vname = qq("$1") if ($filename eq '-' && $_ =~ m/^Subject:\s+(.+)/i);
1331	}
1332	close($FILE);
1333
1334	if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1335		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1336		print "$vname\n";
1337		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1338	}
1339
1340	if (!process($filename)) {
1341		$exit = 1;
1342	}
1343	@rawlines = ();
1344	@lines = ();
1345	@fixed = ();
1346	@fixed_inserted = ();
1347	@fixed_deleted = ();
1348	$fixlinenr = -1;
1349	@modifierListFile = ();
1350	@typeListFile = ();
1351	build_types();
1352	$file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
1353}
1354
1355if (!$quiet) {
1356	hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1357	hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1358
1359	if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1360		print << "EOM"
1361
1362NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1363      An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1364EOM
1365	}
1366	if ($exit) {
1367		print << "EOM"
1368
1369NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1370      them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1371EOM
1372	}
1373}
1374
1375exit($exit);
1376
1377sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1378	my ($root) = @_;
1379
1380	my @tree_check = (
1381		"COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1382		"README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1383		"fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1384	);
1385
1386	foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1387		if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1388			return 0;
1389		}
1390	}
1391	return 1;
1392}
1393
1394sub parse_email {
1395	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1396
1397	my $name = "";
1398	my $quoted = "";
1399	my $name_comment = "";
1400	my $address = "";
1401	my $comment = "";
1402
1403	if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1404		$name = $1;
1405		$address = $2;
1406		$comment = $3 if defined $3;
1407	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1408		$address = $1;
1409		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1410	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1411		$address = $1;
1412		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1413		$formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1414		$name = $formatted_email;
1415		$name = trim($name);
1416		$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1417		# If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1418		# leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1419		# leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1420		# is invalid. ie:
1421		#   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1422		#   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1423		if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1424			$name = "";
1425			$address = "";
1426			$comment = "";
1427		}
1428	}
1429
1430	# Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
1431	# "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
1432	if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
1433		$quoted = $1;
1434	}
1435	while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
1436		$name_comment .= trim($1);
1437	}
1438	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1439	$name = trim("$quoted $name");
1440
1441	$address = trim($address);
1442	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1443	$comment = trim($comment);
1444
1445	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1446		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1447		$name = "\"$name\"";
1448	}
1449
1450	return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1451}
1452
1453sub format_email {
1454	my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
1455
1456	my $formatted_email;
1457
1458	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1459	$address = trim($address);
1460	$address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
1461
1462	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1463		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1464		$name = "\"$name\"";
1465	}
1466
1467	$name_comment = trim($name_comment);
1468	$name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
1469	$comment = trim($comment);
1470	$comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
1471
1472	if ("$name" eq "") {
1473		$formatted_email = "$address";
1474	} else {
1475		$formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
1476	}
1477	$formatted_email .= "$comment";
1478	return $formatted_email;
1479}
1480
1481sub reformat_email {
1482	my ($email) = @_;
1483
1484	my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1485	return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
1486}
1487
1488sub same_email_addresses {
1489	my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1490
1491	my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1492	my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1493
1494	return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1495	       $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
1496	       $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
1497	       $comment1 eq $comment2;
1498}
1499
1500sub which {
1501	my ($bin) = @_;
1502
1503	foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1504		if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1505			return "$path/$bin";
1506		}
1507	}
1508
1509	return "";
1510}
1511
1512sub which_conf {
1513	my ($conf) = @_;
1514
1515	foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1516		if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1517			return "$path/$conf";
1518		}
1519	}
1520
1521	return "";
1522}
1523
1524sub expand_tabs {
1525	my ($str) = @_;
1526
1527	my $res = '';
1528	my $n = 0;
1529	for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1530		if ($c eq "\t") {
1531			$res .= ' ';
1532			$n++;
1533			for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1534				$res .= ' ';
1535			}
1536			next;
1537		}
1538		$res .= $c;
1539		$n++;
1540	}
1541
1542	return $res;
1543}
1544sub copy_spacing {
1545	(my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1546	return $res;
1547}
1548
1549sub line_stats {
1550	my ($line) = @_;
1551
1552	# Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1553	$line =~ s/^.//;
1554	$line = expand_tabs($line);
1555
1556	# Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1557	my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1558
1559	return (length($line), length($white));
1560}
1561
1562my $sanitise_quote = '';
1563
1564sub sanitise_line_reset {
1565	my ($in_comment) = @_;
1566
1567	if ($in_comment) {
1568		$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1569	} else {
1570		$sanitise_quote = '';
1571	}
1572}
1573sub sanitise_line {
1574	my ($line) = @_;
1575
1576	my $res = '';
1577	my $l = '';
1578
1579	my $qlen = 0;
1580	my $off = 0;
1581	my $c;
1582
1583	# Always copy over the diff marker.
1584	$res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1585
1586	for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1587		$c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1588
1589		# Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1590		# and end, all to $;.
1591		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1592			$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1593
1594			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1595			$off++;
1596			next;
1597		}
1598		if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1599			$sanitise_quote = '';
1600			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1601			$off++;
1602			next;
1603		}
1604		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1605			$sanitise_quote = '//';
1606
1607			substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1608			$off++;
1609			next;
1610		}
1611
1612		# A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1613		if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1614		    $c eq "\\") {
1615			substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1616			$off++;
1617			next;
1618		}
1619		# Regular quotes.
1620		if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1621			if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1622				$sanitise_quote = $c;
1623
1624				substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1625				next;
1626			} elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1627				$sanitise_quote = '';
1628			}
1629		}
1630
1631		#print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1632		if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1633			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1634		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1635			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1636		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1637			substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1638		} else {
1639			substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1640		}
1641	}
1642
1643	if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1644		$sanitise_quote = '';
1645	}
1646
1647	# The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1648	if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1649		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1650		$res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1651
1652	# The whole of a #error is a string.
1653	} elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1654		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1655		$res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1656	}
1657
1658	if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1659		my $match = $1;
1660		$res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1661	}
1662
1663	return $res;
1664}
1665
1666sub get_quoted_string {
1667	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1668
1669	return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1670	return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1671	return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1672}
1673
1674sub ctx_statement_block {
1675	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1676	my $line = $linenr - 1;
1677	my $blk = '';
1678	my $soff = $off;
1679	my $coff = $off - 1;
1680	my $coff_set = 0;
1681
1682	my $loff = 0;
1683
1684	my $type = '';
1685	my $level = 0;
1686	my @stack = ();
1687	my $p;
1688	my $c;
1689	my $len = 0;
1690
1691	my $remainder;
1692	while (1) {
1693		@stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1694
1695		#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1696		# If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1697		# context.
1698		if ($off >= $len) {
1699			for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1700				last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1701				next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1702				$remain--;
1703				$loff = $len;
1704				$blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1705				$len = length($blk);
1706				$line++;
1707				last;
1708			}
1709			# Bail if there is no further context.
1710			#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1711			if ($off >= $len) {
1712				last;
1713			}
1714			if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1715				$level++;
1716				$type = '#';
1717			}
1718		}
1719		$p = $c;
1720		$c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1721		$remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1722
1723		#warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1724
1725		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1726		if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1727			push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1728		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1729			($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1730		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1731			($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1732		}
1733
1734		# Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1735		# outermost level.
1736		if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1737			last;
1738		}
1739
1740		# An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1741		if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1742				(!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1743				$remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1744				$remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1745			$coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1746			$coff_set = 1;
1747			#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1748			#warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1749		}
1750
1751		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1752			$level++;
1753			$type = '(';
1754		}
1755		if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1756			$level--;
1757			$type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1758
1759			if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1760				$coff = $off;
1761				$coff_set = 1;
1762				#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1763			}
1764		}
1765		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1766			$level++;
1767			$type = '{';
1768		}
1769		if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1770			$level--;
1771			$type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1772
1773			if ($level == 0) {
1774				if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1775					$off++;
1776				}
1777				last;
1778			}
1779		}
1780		# Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1781		if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1782			$level--;
1783			$type = '';
1784			$off++;
1785			last;
1786		}
1787		$off++;
1788	}
1789	# We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1790	if ($off == $len) {
1791		$loff = $len + 1;
1792		$line++;
1793		$remain--;
1794	}
1795
1796	my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1797	my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1798
1799	#warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1800	#warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1801
1802	#print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1803
1804	return ($statement, $condition,
1805			$line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1806}
1807
1808sub statement_lines {
1809	my ($stmt) = @_;
1810
1811	# Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1812	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1813	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1814	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1815
1816	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1817
1818	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1819}
1820
1821sub statement_rawlines {
1822	my ($stmt) = @_;
1823
1824	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1825
1826	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1827}
1828
1829sub statement_block_size {
1830	my ($stmt) = @_;
1831
1832	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1833	$stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1834	$stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1835	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1836	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1837
1838	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1839	my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1840
1841	my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1842	my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1843
1844	if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1845		return $stmt_lines;
1846	} else {
1847		return $stmt_statements;
1848	}
1849}
1850
1851sub ctx_statement_full {
1852	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1853	my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1854
1855	my (@chunks);
1856
1857	# Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1858	($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1859				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1860	#print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1861	push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1862	if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1863		return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1864	}
1865
1866	# Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1867	# could continue the statement.
1868	for (;;) {
1869		($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1870				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1871		#print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1872		last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1873		#print "C: push\n";
1874		push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1875	}
1876
1877	return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1878}
1879
1880sub ctx_block_get {
1881	my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1882	my $line;
1883	my $start = $linenr - 1;
1884	my $blk = '';
1885	my @o;
1886	my @c;
1887	my @res = ();
1888
1889	my $level = 0;
1890	my @stack = ($level);
1891	for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1892		next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1893		$remain--;
1894
1895		$blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1896
1897		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1898		if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1899			push(@stack, $level);
1900		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1901			$level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1902		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1903			$level = pop(@stack);
1904		}
1905
1906		foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1907			##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1908			if ($off > 0) {
1909				$off--;
1910				next;
1911			}
1912
1913			if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1914				$level--;
1915				last if ($level == 0);
1916			} elsif ($c eq $open) {
1917				$level++;
1918			}
1919		}
1920
1921		if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1922			push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1923		}
1924
1925		last if ($level == 0);
1926	}
1927
1928	return ($level, @res);
1929}
1930sub ctx_block_outer {
1931	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1932
1933	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1934	return @r;
1935}
1936sub ctx_block {
1937	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1938
1939	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1940	return @r;
1941}
1942sub ctx_statement {
1943	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1944
1945	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1946	return @r;
1947}
1948sub ctx_block_level {
1949	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1950
1951	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1952}
1953sub ctx_statement_level {
1954	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1955
1956	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1957}
1958
1959sub ctx_locate_comment {
1960	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1961
1962	# If c99 comment on the current line, or the line before or after
1963	my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@^\+.*(//.*$)@);
1964	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1965	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 2] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1966	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1967	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1968	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1969
1970	# Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1971	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1972	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1973
1974	# Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1975	# comment.
1976	my $in_comment = 0;
1977	$current_comment = '';
1978	for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1979		my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1980		#warn "           $line\n";
1981		if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1982			$in_comment = 1;
1983		}
1984		if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1985			$in_comment = 1;
1986		}
1987		if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1988			$current_comment = '';
1989		}
1990		$current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1991		if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1992			$in_comment = 0;
1993		}
1994	}
1995
1996	chomp($current_comment);
1997	return($current_comment);
1998}
1999sub ctx_has_comment {
2000	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
2001	my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
2002
2003	##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
2004	##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
2005
2006	return ($cmt ne '');
2007}
2008
2009sub raw_line {
2010	my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
2011
2012	my $offset = $linenr - 1;
2013	$cnt++;
2014
2015	my $line;
2016	while ($cnt) {
2017		$line = $rawlines[$offset++];
2018		next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
2019		$cnt--;
2020	}
2021
2022	return $line;
2023}
2024
2025sub get_stat_real {
2026	my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
2027
2028	my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
2029	for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
2030		$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
2031	}
2032
2033	return $stat_real;
2034}
2035
2036sub get_stat_here {
2037	my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
2038
2039	my $herectx = $here . "\n";
2040	for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
2041		$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
2042	}
2043
2044	return $herectx;
2045}
2046
2047sub cat_vet {
2048	my ($vet) = @_;
2049	my ($res, $coded);
2050
2051	$res = '';
2052	while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
2053		$res .= $1;
2054		if ($2 ne '') {
2055			$coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
2056			$res .= $coded;
2057		}
2058	}
2059	$res =~ s/$/\$/;
2060
2061	return $res;
2062}
2063
2064my $av_preprocessor = 0;
2065my $av_pending;
2066my @av_paren_type;
2067my $av_pend_colon;
2068
2069sub annotate_reset {
2070	$av_preprocessor = 0;
2071	$av_pending = '_';
2072	@av_paren_type = ('E');
2073	$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2074}
2075
2076sub annotate_values {
2077	my ($stream, $type) = @_;
2078
2079	my $res;
2080	my $var = '_' x length($stream);
2081	my $cur = $stream;
2082
2083	print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2084
2085	while (length($cur)) {
2086		@av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
2087		print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
2088				"> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2089		if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
2090			print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2091			if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
2092				$type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2093				$av_preprocessor = 0;
2094			}
2095
2096		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
2097			print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2098			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2099			$type = 'c';
2100
2101		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
2102			print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2103			$type = 'T';
2104
2105		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
2106			print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2107			$type = 'T';
2108
2109		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
2110			print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2111			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2112			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2113			if ($2 ne '') {
2114				$av_pending = 'N';
2115			}
2116			$type = 'E';
2117
2118		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
2119			print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2120			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2121			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2122
2123		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
2124			print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2125			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2126
2127			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2128			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2129			$type = 'E';
2130
2131		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
2132			print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2133			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2134
2135			push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
2136
2137			$type = 'E';
2138
2139		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
2140			print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2141
2142			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2143
2144			# Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
2145			# one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
2146			pop(@av_paren_type);
2147			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2148			$type = 'E';
2149
2150		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
2151			print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2152
2153		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
2154			print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2155			$av_pending = $type;
2156			$type = 'N';
2157
2158		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
2159			print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2160			if (defined $2) {
2161				$av_pending = 'V';
2162			}
2163			$type = 'N';
2164
2165		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
2166			print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2167			$av_pending = 'E';
2168			$type = 'N';
2169
2170		} elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
2171			print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2172			$av_pend_colon = 'C';
2173			$type = 'N';
2174
2175		} elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
2176			print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2177			$type = 'N';
2178
2179		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
2180			print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2181			push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
2182			$av_pending = '_';
2183			$type = 'N';
2184
2185		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
2186			my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2187			if ($new_type ne '_') {
2188				$type = $new_type;
2189				print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
2190							if ($dbg_values > 1);
2191			} else {
2192				print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2193			}
2194
2195		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
2196			print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2197			$type = 'V';
2198			$av_pending = 'V';
2199
2200		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
2201			if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
2202				$av_pend_colon = 'B';
2203			} elsif ($type eq 'E') {
2204				$av_pend_colon = 'L';
2205			}
2206			print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2207			$type = 'V';
2208
2209		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
2210			print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2211			$type = 'V';
2212
2213		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
2214			print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2215			$type = 'N';
2216
2217		} elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
2218			print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2219			$type = 'E';
2220			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2221
2222		} elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
2223			print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2224			$type = 'C';
2225
2226		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
2227			print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2228			$type = 'N';
2229
2230		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
2231			print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2232
2233			substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
2234			if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
2235				$type = 'E';
2236			} else {
2237				$type = 'N';
2238			}
2239			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2240
2241		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
2242			print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2243			$type = 'N';
2244
2245		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
2246			my $variant;
2247
2248			print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2249			if ($type eq 'V') {
2250				$variant = 'B';
2251			} else {
2252				$variant = 'U';
2253			}
2254
2255			substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
2256			$type = 'N';
2257
2258		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
2259			print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2260			if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
2261				$type = 'N';
2262			}
2263
2264		} elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
2265			print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2266		}
2267		if (defined $1) {
2268			$cur = substr($cur, length($1));
2269			$res .= $type x length($1);
2270		}
2271	}
2272
2273	return ($res, $var);
2274}
2275
2276sub possible {
2277	my ($possible, $line) = @_;
2278	my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
2279		^(?:
2280			$Modifier|
2281			$Storage|
2282			$Type|
2283			DEFINE_\S+
2284		)$|
2285		^(?:
2286			goto|
2287			return|
2288			case|
2289			else|
2290			asm|__asm__|
2291			do|
2292			\#|
2293			\#\#|
2294		)(?:\s|$)|
2295		^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2296	    )}x;
2297	warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2298	if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2299		# Check for modifiers.
2300		$possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2301		$possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2302		if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2303
2304		} elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2305			$possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2306			for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2307				if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2308					warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2309					push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2310				}
2311			}
2312
2313		} else {
2314			warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2315			push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2316		}
2317		build_types();
2318	} else {
2319		warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2320	}
2321}
2322
2323my $prefix = '';
2324
2325sub show_type {
2326	my ($type) = @_;
2327
2328	$type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2329
2330	return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2331
2332	return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2333}
2334
2335sub report {
2336	my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2337
2338	if (!show_type($type) ||
2339	    (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2340		return 0;
2341	}
2342	my $output = '';
2343	if ($color) {
2344		if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2345			$output .= RED;
2346		} elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2347			$output .= YELLOW;
2348		} else {
2349			$output .= GREEN;
2350		}
2351	}
2352	$output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2353	if ($show_types) {
2354		$output .= BLUE if ($color);
2355		$output .= "$type:";
2356	}
2357	$output .= RESET if ($color);
2358	$output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2359
2360	if ($showfile) {
2361		my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2362		splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2363		$output = join("\n", @lines);
2364	}
2365
2366	if ($terse) {
2367		$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n";
2368	}
2369
2370	if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$type}) &&
2371	    !exists($verbose_emitted{$type})) {
2372		$output .= $verbose_messages{$type} . "\n\n";
2373		$verbose_emitted{$type} = 1;
2374	}
2375
2376	push(our @report, $output);
2377
2378	return 1;
2379}
2380
2381sub report_dump {
2382	our @report;
2383}
2384
2385sub fixup_current_range {
2386	my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2387
2388	if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2389		my $o = $1;
2390		my $l = $2;
2391		my $no = $o + $offset;
2392		my $nl = $l + $length;
2393		$$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2394	}
2395}
2396
2397sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2398	my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2399
2400	my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2401	my $delta_offset = 0;
2402
2403	my $old_linenr = 0;
2404	my $new_linenr = 0;
2405
2406	my $next_insert = 0;
2407	my $next_delete = 0;
2408
2409	my @lines = ();
2410
2411	my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2412	my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2413
2414	foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2415		my $save_line = 1;
2416		my $line = $old_line;	#don't modify the array
2417		if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {	#new filename
2418			$delta_offset = 0;
2419		} elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {	#new hunk
2420			$range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2421			fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2422		}
2423
2424		while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2425			$deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2426			$save_line = 0;
2427			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2428		}
2429
2430		while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2431			push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2432			$inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2433			$new_linenr++;
2434			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2435		}
2436
2437		if ($save_line) {
2438			push(@lines, $line);
2439			$new_linenr++;
2440		}
2441
2442		$old_linenr++;
2443	}
2444
2445	return @lines;
2446}
2447
2448sub fix_insert_line {
2449	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2450
2451	my $inserted = {
2452		LINENR => $linenr,
2453		LINE => $line,
2454	};
2455	push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2456}
2457
2458sub fix_delete_line {
2459	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2460
2461	my $deleted = {
2462		LINENR => $linenr,
2463		LINE => $line,
2464	};
2465
2466	push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2467}
2468
2469sub ERROR {
2470	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2471
2472	if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2473		our $clean = 0;
2474		our $cnt_error++;
2475		return 1;
2476	}
2477	return 0;
2478}
2479sub WARN {
2480	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2481
2482	if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2483		our $clean = 0;
2484		our $cnt_warn++;
2485		return 1;
2486	}
2487	return 0;
2488}
2489sub CHK {
2490	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2491
2492	if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2493		our $clean = 0;
2494		our $cnt_chk++;
2495		return 1;
2496	}
2497	return 0;
2498}
2499
2500sub check_absolute_file {
2501	my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2502	my $file = $absolute;
2503
2504	##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2505
2506	# See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2507	while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2508		if (-f "$root/$file") {
2509			##print "file<$file>\n";
2510			last;
2511		}
2512	}
2513	if (! -f _)  {
2514		return 0;
2515	}
2516
2517	# It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2518	my $prefix = $absolute;
2519	substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2520
2521	##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2522	if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2523		WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2524		     "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2525	}
2526}
2527
2528sub trim {
2529	my ($string) = @_;
2530
2531	$string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2532
2533	return $string;
2534}
2535
2536sub ltrim {
2537	my ($string) = @_;
2538
2539	$string =~ s/^\s+//;
2540
2541	return $string;
2542}
2543
2544sub rtrim {
2545	my ($string) = @_;
2546
2547	$string =~ s/\s+$//;
2548
2549	return $string;
2550}
2551
2552sub string_find_replace {
2553	my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2554
2555	$string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2556
2557	return $string;
2558}
2559
2560sub tabify {
2561	my ($leading) = @_;
2562
2563	my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2564	my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2565	my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2566
2567	#convert leading spaces to tabs
2568	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2569	#Remove spaces before a tab
2570	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2571
2572	return "$leading";
2573}
2574
2575sub pos_last_openparen {
2576	my ($line) = @_;
2577
2578	my $pos = 0;
2579
2580	my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2581	my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2582
2583	my $last_openparen = 0;
2584
2585	if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2586		return -1;
2587	}
2588
2589	my $len = length($line);
2590
2591	for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2592		my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2593		if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2594			$pos += length($1) - 1;
2595		} elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2596			$last_openparen = $pos;
2597		} elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2598			last;
2599		}
2600	}
2601
2602	return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2603}
2604
2605sub get_raw_comment {
2606	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2607	my $comment = '';
2608
2609	for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2610		if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2611			$comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2612		}
2613	}
2614
2615	return $comment;
2616}
2617
2618sub exclude_global_initialisers {
2619	my ($realfile) = @_;
2620
2621	# Do not check for BPF programs (tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/*.c, samples/bpf/*_kern.c, *.bpf.c).
2622	return $realfile =~ m@^tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/.*\.c$@ ||
2623		$realfile =~ m@^samples/bpf/.*_kern\.c$@ ||
2624		$realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
2625}
2626
2627sub process {
2628	my $filename = shift;
2629
2630	my $linenr=0;
2631	my $prevline="";
2632	my $prevrawline="";
2633	my $stashline="";
2634	my $stashrawline="";
2635
2636	my $length;
2637	my $indent;
2638	my $previndent=0;
2639	my $stashindent=0;
2640
2641	our $clean = 1;
2642	my $signoff = 0;
2643	my $fixes_tag = 0;
2644	my $is_revert = 0;
2645	my $needs_fixes_tag = "";
2646	my $author = '';
2647	my $authorsignoff = 0;
2648	my $author_sob = '';
2649	my $is_patch = 0;
2650	my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2651	my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2652	my $in_commit_log = 0;		#Scanning lines before patch
2653	my $has_patch_separator = 0;	#Found a --- line
2654	my $has_commit_log = 0;		#Encountered lines before patch
2655	my $commit_log_lines = 0;	#Number of commit log lines
2656	my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2657	my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2658	my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2659	my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2660	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2661
2662	my $last_git_commit_id_linenr = -1;
2663
2664	my $last_blank_line = 0;
2665	my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2666
2667	our @report = ();
2668	our $cnt_lines = 0;
2669	our $cnt_error = 0;
2670	our $cnt_warn = 0;
2671	our $cnt_chk = 0;
2672
2673	# Trace the real file/line as we go.
2674	my $realfile = '';
2675	my $realline = 0;
2676	my $realcnt = 0;
2677	my $here = '';
2678	my $context_function;		#undef'd unless there's a known function
2679	my $in_comment = 0;
2680	my $comment_edge = 0;
2681	my $first_line = 0;
2682	my $p1_prefix = '';
2683
2684	my $prev_values = 'E';
2685
2686	# suppression flags
2687	my %suppress_ifbraces;
2688	my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2689	my %suppress_export;
2690	my $suppress_statement = 0;
2691
2692	my %signatures = ();
2693
2694	# Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2695	# Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2696	#
2697	my @setup_docs = ();
2698	my $setup_docs = 0;
2699
2700	my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2701
2702	my $checklicenseline = 1;
2703
2704	sanitise_line_reset();
2705	my $line;
2706	foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2707		$linenr++;
2708		$line = $rawline;
2709
2710		push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2711
2712		if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2713			$setup_docs = 0;
2714			if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2715				$setup_docs = 1;
2716			}
2717			#next;
2718		}
2719		if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2720			$realline=$1-1;
2721			if (defined $2) {
2722				$realcnt=$3+1;
2723			} else {
2724				$realcnt=1+1;
2725			}
2726			$in_comment = 0;
2727
2728			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2729			# the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2730			# edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2731			# at context start.
2732			my $edge;
2733			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2734			for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2735				next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2736					 $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2737				$cnt--;
2738				#print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2739				last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2740				if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2741				    $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2742					($edge) = $1;
2743					last;
2744				}
2745			}
2746			if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2747				$in_comment = 1;
2748			}
2749
2750			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2751			# is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2752			# ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2753			if (!defined $edge &&
2754			    $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2755			{
2756				$in_comment = 1;
2757			}
2758
2759			##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2760			sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2761
2762		} elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2763			# Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2764			# simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2765			$line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2766		}
2767		push(@lines, $line);
2768
2769		if ($realcnt > 1) {
2770			$realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2771		} else {
2772			$realcnt = 0;
2773		}
2774
2775		#print "==>$rawline\n";
2776		#print "-->$line\n";
2777
2778		if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2779			push(@setup_docs, $line);
2780		}
2781	}
2782
2783	$prefix = '';
2784
2785	$realcnt = 0;
2786	$linenr = 0;
2787	$fixlinenr = -1;
2788	foreach my $line (@lines) {
2789		$linenr++;
2790		$fixlinenr++;
2791		my $sline = $line;	#copy of $line
2792		$sline =~ s/$;/ /g;	#with comments as spaces
2793
2794		my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2795		my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2796
2797# check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2798		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2799		    ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2800		    ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2801		     $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2802			$is_patch = 1;
2803		}
2804
2805#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2806		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2807		    $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2808			my $context = $4;
2809			$is_patch = 1;
2810			$first_line = $linenr + 1;
2811			$realline=$1-1;
2812			if (defined $2) {
2813				$realcnt=$3+1;
2814			} else {
2815				$realcnt=1+1;
2816			}
2817			annotate_reset();
2818			$prev_values = 'E';
2819
2820			%suppress_ifbraces = ();
2821			%suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2822			%suppress_export = ();
2823			$suppress_statement = 0;
2824			if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2825				$context_function = $1;
2826			} else {
2827				undef $context_function;
2828			}
2829			next;
2830
2831# track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2832# new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2833# blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2834		} elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2835			$realline++;
2836			$realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2837
2838			# Measure the line length and indent.
2839			($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2840
2841			# Track the previous line.
2842			($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2843			($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2844			($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2845
2846			#warn "line<$line>\n";
2847
2848		} elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2849			$realcnt--;
2850		}
2851
2852		my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2853
2854		$here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2855		$here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2856
2857		my $found_file = 0;
2858		# extract the filename as it passes
2859		if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2860			$realfile = $1;
2861			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2862			$in_commit_log = 0;
2863			$found_file = 1;
2864		} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2865			$realfile = $1;
2866			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2867			$in_commit_log = 0;
2868
2869			$p1_prefix = $1;
2870			if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2871			    -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2872				WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2873				     "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2874			}
2875
2876			if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2877				ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2878				      "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2879			}
2880			$found_file = 1;
2881		}
2882
2883#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2884		if ($showfile) {
2885			$prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2886		} elsif ($emacs) {
2887			if ($file) {
2888				$prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2889			} else {
2890				$prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2891			}
2892		}
2893
2894		if ($found_file) {
2895			if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2896				WARN("OBSOLETE",
2897				     "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2898			}
2899			if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2900				$check = 1;
2901			} else {
2902				$check = $check_orig;
2903			}
2904			$checklicenseline = 1;
2905
2906			if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2907				my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2908
2909				$is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2910
2911				if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2912				    ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2913					WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2914					     "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst\n");
2915				}
2916			}
2917
2918			next;
2919		}
2920
2921		$here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2922
2923		my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2924		my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2925		my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2926
2927		$cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2928
2929# Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2930# 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2931		if ($in_commit_log) {
2932			if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2933				$commit_log_lines++;	#could be a $signature
2934			}
2935		} elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2936			WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2937			     "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2938			$commit_log_lines = 2;	#warn only once
2939		}
2940
2941# Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2942		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2943		    (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)@ &&
2944		      $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2945		     $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2946		     $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2947			ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2948			      "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2949			$commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2950		}
2951
2952# Check for incorrect file permissions
2953		if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2954			my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2955			if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2956			    $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2957				ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2958				      "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2959			}
2960		}
2961
2962# Check the patch for a From:
2963		if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2964			$author = $1;
2965			my $curline = $linenr;
2966			while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
2967				$author .= $1;
2968			}
2969			$author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2970			$author =~ s/"//g;
2971			$author = reformat_email($author);
2972		}
2973
2974# Check the patch for a signoff:
2975		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2976			$signoff++;
2977			$in_commit_log = 0;
2978			if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
2979				if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
2980					$authorsignoff = 1;
2981				} else {
2982					my $ctx = $1;
2983					my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
2984					my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
2985
2986					if (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
2987						$author_sob = $ctx;
2988						$authorsignoff = 2;
2989					} elsif (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address) {
2990						$author_sob = $ctx;
2991						$authorsignoff = 3;
2992					} elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
2993						$author_sob = $ctx;
2994						$authorsignoff = 4;
2995
2996						my $address1 = $email_address;
2997						my $address2 = $author_address;
2998
2999						if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
3000							$address1 = "$1$2";
3001						}
3002						if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
3003							$address2 = "$1$2";
3004						}
3005						if ($address1 eq $address2) {
3006							$authorsignoff = 5;
3007						}
3008					}
3009				}
3010			}
3011		}
3012
3013# Check for patch separator
3014		if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
3015			$has_patch_separator = 1;
3016			$in_commit_log = 0;
3017		}
3018
3019# Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
3020# emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
3021		if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
3022			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3023		}
3024
3025# Check signature styles
3026		if (!$in_header_lines &&
3027		    $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
3028			my $space_before = $1;
3029			my $sign_off = $2;
3030			my $space_after = $3;
3031			my $email = $4;
3032			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
3033
3034			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
3035				my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
3036				if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
3037					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3038					     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
3039				} else {
3040					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3041						 "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
3042					    $fix) {
3043						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
3044					}
3045				}
3046			}
3047			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
3048				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3049					 "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3050				    $fix) {
3051					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3052					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3053				}
3054			}
3055			if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
3056				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3057					 "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
3058				    $fix) {
3059					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3060					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3061				}
3062
3063			}
3064			if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
3065				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3066					 "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3067				    $fix) {
3068					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3069					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3070				}
3071			}
3072
3073			my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
3074			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
3075			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
3076				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3077				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3078			} else {
3079				my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
3080				$dequoted =~ s/^"//;
3081				$dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
3082				# Don't force email to have quotes
3083				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
3084				if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
3085					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3086						 "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3087					    $fix) {
3088						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
3089					}
3090				}
3091
3092				# Address part shouldn't have comments
3093				my $stripped_address = $email_address;
3094				$stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
3095				if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
3096					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3097						 "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3098					    $fix) {
3099						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
3100					}
3101				}
3102
3103				# Only one name comment should be allowed
3104				my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
3105				if ($comment_count > 1) {
3106					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3107					     "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3108				}
3109
3110
3111				# stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
3112				# have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
3113				# begin with a #
3114				if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
3115					if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
3116					    ($email_name ne "")) {
3117						my $cur_name = $email_name;
3118						my $new_comment = $comment;
3119						$cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
3120
3121						# Remove brackets enclosing comment text
3122						# and # from start of comments to get comment text
3123						$new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
3124						$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3125						$new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
3126
3127						$new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
3128						$new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
3129						my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
3130
3131						if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
3132							 "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3133						    $fix) {
3134							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3135						}
3136					}
3137				} elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
3138					my $new_comment = $comment;
3139
3140					# Extract comment text from within brackets or
3141					# c89 style /*...*/ comments
3142					$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3143					$new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
3144
3145					$new_comment = trim($new_comment);
3146					$new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
3147					$new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
3148					my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
3149
3150					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3151						 "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3152					    $fix) {
3153						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3154					}
3155				}
3156			}
3157
3158# Check for duplicate signatures
3159			my $sig_nospace = $line;
3160			$sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
3161			$sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
3162			if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
3163				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3164				     "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
3165			} else {
3166				$signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
3167			}
3168
3169# Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
3170			if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
3171				if ($email eq $author) {
3172					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3173					      "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . $herecurr);
3174				}
3175				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3176					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3177					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . $herecurr);
3178				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
3179					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3180					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3181				} elsif ($1 ne $email) {
3182					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3183					     "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3184				}
3185			}
3186
3187# check if Reported-by: is followed by a Closes: tag
3188			if ($sign_off =~ /^reported(?:|-and-tested)-by:$/i) {
3189				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3190					WARN("BAD_REPORTED_BY_LINK",
3191					     "Reported-by: should be immediately followed by Closes: with a URL to the report\n" . $herecurr . "\n");
3192				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^closes:\s*/i) {
3193					WARN("BAD_REPORTED_BY_LINK",
3194					     "Reported-by: should be immediately followed by Closes: with a URL to the report\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3195				}
3196			}
3197		}
3198
3199# These indicate a bug fix
3200		if (!$in_header_lines && !$is_patch &&
3201			$line =~ /^This reverts commit/) {
3202			$is_revert = 1;
3203		}
3204
3205		if (!$in_header_lines && !$is_patch &&
3206		    $line =~ /((?:(?:BUG: K.|UB)SAN: |Call Trace:|stable\@|syzkaller))/) {
3207			$needs_fixes_tag = $1;
3208		}
3209
3210# Check Fixes: styles is correct
3211		if (!$in_header_lines &&
3212		    $line =~ /^\s*(fixes:?)\s*(?:commit\s*)?([0-9a-f]{5,40})(?:\s*($balanced_parens))?/i) {
3213			my $tag = $1;
3214			my $orig_commit = $2;
3215			my $title;
 
 
 
 
3216			my $title_has_quotes = 0;
3217			$fixes_tag = 1;
3218			if (defined $3) {
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3219				# Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
3220				$title = substr($3, 1, -1);
3221				if ($title =~ /^".*"$/) {
3222					$title = substr($title, 1, -1);
3223					$title_has_quotes = 1;
3224				}
3225			} else {
3226				$title = "commit title"
3227			}
3228
3229
3230			my $tag_case = not ($tag eq "Fixes:");
3231			my $tag_space = not ($line =~ /^fixes:? [0-9a-f]{5,40} ($balanced_parens)/i);
3232
3233			my $id_length = not ($orig_commit =~ /^[0-9a-f]{12}$/i);
3234			my $id_case = not ($orig_commit !~ /[A-F]/);
3235
3236			my $id = "0123456789ab";
3237			my ($cid, $ctitle) = git_commit_info($orig_commit, $id,
3238							     $title);
3239
3240			if ($ctitle ne $title || $tag_case || $tag_space ||
3241			    $id_length || $id_case || !$title_has_quotes) {
3242				if (WARN("BAD_FIXES_TAG",
3243				     "Please use correct Fixes: style 'Fixes: <12 chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: 'Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3244				    $fix) {
3245					$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")";
3246				}
3247			}
3248		}
3249
3250# Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
3251		if ($in_header_lines &&
3252		    $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
3253			WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
3254			     "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
3255		}
3256
3257# Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
3258		if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
3259			if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
3260			          "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
3261			    $fix) {
3262				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3263			}
3264		}
3265
3266# Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
3267		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3268		    ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
3269		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
3270					# timestamp
3271		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
3272		     $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
3273		     $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
3274					# stack dump address styles
3275			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
3276		}
3277
3278# Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
3279		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
3280		    length($line) > 75 &&
3281		    !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
3282					# file delta changes
3283		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-\+]*\/)++[\w\.\-\+]+:/ ||
3284					# filename then :
3285		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|$link_tags_search|$signature_tags)/i ||
3286					# A Fixes:, link or signature tag line
3287		      $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
3288			WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
3289			     "Prefer a maximum 75 chars per line (possible unwrapped commit description?)\n" . $herecurr);
3290			$commit_log_long_line = 1;
3291		}
3292
3293# Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
3294		if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3295		    $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
3296			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
3297		}
3298
3299# Check for odd tags before a URI/URL
3300		if ($in_commit_log &&
3301		    $line =~ /^\s*(\w+:)\s*http/ && $1 !~ /^$link_tags_search$/) {
3302			if ($1 =~ /^v(?:ersion)?\d+/i) {
3303				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_VERSIONING",
3304				     "Patch version information should be after the --- line\n" . $herecurr);
3305			} else {
3306				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_USE_LINK",
3307				     "Unknown link reference '$1', use $link_tags_print instead\n" . $herecurr);
3308			}
3309		}
3310
3311# Check for misuse of the link tags
3312		if ($in_commit_log &&
3313		    $line =~ /^\s*(\w+:)\s*(\S+)/) {
3314			my $tag = $1;
3315			my $value = $2;
3316			if ($tag =~ /^$link_tags_search$/ && $value !~ m{^https?://}) {
3317				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_WRONG_LINK",
3318				     "'$tag' should be followed by a public http(s) link\n" . $herecurr);
3319			}
3320		}
3321
3322# Check for lines starting with a #
3323		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
3324			if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
3325				 "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3326			    $fix) {
3327				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
3328			}
3329		}
3330
3331# Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
3332# A correctly formed commit description is:
3333#    commit <SHA-1 hash length 12+ chars> ("Complete commit subject")
3334# with the commit subject '("' prefix and '")' suffix
3335# This is a fairly compilicated block as it tests for what appears to be
3336# bare SHA-1 hash with  minimum length of 5.  It also avoids several types of
3337# possible SHA-1 matches.
3338# A commit match can span multiple lines so this block attempts to find a
3339# complete typical commit on a maximum of 3 lines
3340		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3341		    $in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3342		    $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
3343		    $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
3344		    (($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
3345		      ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i && defined($rawlines[$linenr]) && $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i)) ||
3346		     ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
3347		      $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
3348		      $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
3349			my $init_char = "c";
3350			my $orig_commit = "";
3351			my $short = 1;
3352			my $long = 0;
3353			my $case = 1;
3354			my $space = 1;
3355			my $id = '0123456789ab';
3356			my $orig_desc = "commit description";
3357			my $description = "";
3358			my $herectx = $herecurr;
3359			my $has_parens = 0;
3360			my $has_quotes = 0;
3361
3362			my $input = $line;
3363			if ($line =~ /(?:\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}|\bcommit\s*$)/i) {
3364				for (my $n = 0; $n < 2; $n++) {
3365					if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*($balanced_parens)/i) {
3366						$orig_desc = $1;
3367						$has_parens = 1;
3368						# Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
3369						$orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3370						if ($orig_desc =~ /^".*"$/) {
3371							$orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3372							$has_quotes = 1;
3373						}
3374						last;
3375					}
3376					last if ($#lines < $linenr + $n);
3377					$input .= " " . trim($rawlines[$linenr + $n]);
3378					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$linenr + $n]\n";
3379				}
3380				$herectx = $herecurr if (!$has_parens);
3381			}
3382
3383			if ($input =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
3384				$init_char = $1;
3385				$orig_commit = lc($2);
3386				$short = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
3387				$long = 1 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
3388				$space = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
3389				$case = 0 if ($input =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
3390			} elsif ($input =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
3391				$orig_commit = lc($1);
3392			}
3393
3394			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
3395							      $id, $orig_desc);
3396
3397			if (defined($id) &&
3398			    ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$has_quotes) &&
3399			    $last_git_commit_id_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
3400				ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
3401				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herectx);
3402			}
3403			#don't report the next line if this line ends in commit and the sha1 hash is the next line
3404			$last_git_commit_id_linenr = $linenr if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i);
3405		}
3406
3407# Check for mailing list archives other than lore.kernel.org
3408		if ($rawline =~ m{http.*\b$obsolete_archives}) {
3409			WARN("PREFER_LORE_ARCHIVE",
3410			     "Use lore.kernel.org archive links when possible - see https://lore.kernel.org/lists.html\n" . $herecurr);
3411		}
3412
3413# Check for added, moved or deleted files
3414		if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
3415		    ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
3416		     $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
3417		     ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
3418		      (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
3419			$is_patch = 1;
3420			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3421			WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
3422			     "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
3423		}
3424
3425# Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
3426		if (!$in_commit_log &&
3427		    ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
3428		    ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
3429			WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
3430			     "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/writing-schema.rst\n");
3431		}
3432
3433# Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
3434		if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
3435			ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
3436			      "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
3437				$herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
3438		}
3439
3440# UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
3441		if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
3442		    $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
3443			my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
3444
3445			my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3446			my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
3447			my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3448
3449			CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
3450			    "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
3451		}
3452
3453# Check if it's the start of a commit log
3454# (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
3455		if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3456		    !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
3457		      $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
3458			$in_header_lines = 0;
3459			$in_commit_log = 1;
3460			$has_commit_log = 1;
3461		}
3462
3463# Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
3464# declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
3465		if ($in_header_lines &&
3466		    $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
3467		    $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
3468			$non_utf8_charset = 1;
3469		}
3470
3471		if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3472		    $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
3473			WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
3474			    "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
3475		}
3476
3477# Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
3478		if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
3479			while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
3480				my $file = $1;
3481
3482				if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
3483				    check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
3484					#
3485				} else {
3486					check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
3487				}
3488			}
3489		}
3490
3491# Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
3492		if (defined($misspellings) &&
3493		    ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
3494			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
3495				my $typo = $1;
3496				my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3497				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
3498				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3499				my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
3500				$typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
3501				$typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
3502				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3503				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3504				if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
3505						  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
3506				    $fix) {
3507					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
3508				}
3509			}
3510		}
3511
3512# check for invalid commit id
3513		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
3514			my $id;
3515			my $description;
3516			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
3517			if (!defined($id)) {
3518				WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
3519				     "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
3520			}
3521		}
3522
3523# check for repeated words separated by a single space
3524# avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
3525		if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
3526		    $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
3527			pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
3528			while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
3529
3530				my $first = $1;
3531				my $second = $2;
3532				my $start_pos = $-[1];
3533				my $end_pos = $+[2];
3534				if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
3535					pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
3536					next;
3537				}
3538
3539				next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
3540				next if ($first eq 'long');
3541
3542				# check for character before and after the word matches
3543				my $start_char = '';
3544				my $end_char = '';
3545				$start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
3546				$end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
3547
3548				next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
3549				next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
3550
3551				# avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
3552				if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
3553					next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
3554				}
3555
3556				if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3557					 "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3558				    $fix) {
3559					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
3560				}
3561			}
3562
3563			# if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
3564			if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
3565			    $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
3566				my $last_word = $1;
3567				if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
3568					if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3569						 "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
3570					    $fix) {
3571						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
3572					}
3573				}
3574			}
3575		}
3576
3577# ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
3578		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
3579
3580#trailing whitespace
3581		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
3582			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3583			if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
3584				  "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
3585			    $fix) {
3586				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
3587			}
3588		} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
3589			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3590			if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
3591				  "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
3592			    $fix) {
3593				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
3594			}
3595
3596			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3597		}
3598
3599# Check for FSF mailing addresses.
3600		if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
3601		    $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
3602		    $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3603		    $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3604			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3605			my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3606			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3607			&{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3608				      "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3609		}
3610
3611# check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3612# Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3613# sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3614		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3615		    # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3616		    # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3617		    # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3618		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3619			my $ln = $linenr;
3620			my $needs_help = 0;
3621			my $has_help = 0;
3622			my $help_length = 0;
3623			while (defined $lines[$ln]) {
3624				my $f = $lines[$ln++];
3625
3626				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3627				last if ($f !~ /^[\+ ]/);	# !patch context
3628
3629				if ($f =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3630					$needs_help = 1;
3631					next;
3632				}
3633				if ($f =~ /^\+\s*help\s*$/) {
3634					$has_help = 1;
3635					next;
3636				}
3637
3638				$f =~ s/^.//;	# strip patch context [+ ]
3639				$f =~ s/#.*//;	# strip # directives
3640				$f =~ s/^\s+//;	# strip leading blanks
3641				next if ($f =~ /^$/);	# skip blank lines
3642
3643				# At the end of this Kconfig block:
3644				# This only checks context lines in the patch
3645				# and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3646				# positives, even though some of these are
3647				# common words in help texts
3648				if ($f =~ /^(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3649					       if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
3650					last;
3651				}
3652				$help_length++ if ($has_help);
3653			}
3654			if ($needs_help &&
3655			    $help_length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3656				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $ln - 1);
3657				WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3658				     "please write a help paragraph that fully describes the config symbol\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
3659			}
3660		}
3661
3662# check MAINTAINERS entries
3663		if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/) {
3664# check MAINTAINERS entries for the right form
3665			if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3666			    $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3667				if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3668					 "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3669				    $fix) {
3670					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3671				}
3672			}
3673# check MAINTAINERS entries for the right ordering too
3674			my $preferred_order = 'MRLSWQBCPTFXNK';
3675			if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3676			    $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ][A-Z]:/) {
3677				$rawline =~ /^\+([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3678				my $cur = $1;
3679				my $curval = $2;
3680				$prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ]([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3681				my $prev = $1;
3682				my $prevval = $2;
3683				my $curindex = index($preferred_order, $cur);
3684				my $previndex = index($preferred_order, $prev);
3685				if ($curindex < 0) {
3686					WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3687					     "Unknown MAINTAINERS entry type: '$cur'\n" . $herecurr);
3688				} else {
3689					if ($previndex >= 0 && $curindex < $previndex) {
3690						WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3691						     "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list '$cur:' before '$prev:'\n" . $hereprev);
3692					} elsif ((($prev eq 'F' && $cur eq 'F') ||
3693						  ($prev eq 'X' && $cur eq 'X')) &&
3694						 ($prevval cmp $curval) > 0) {
3695						WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3696						     "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list file patterns in alphabetic order\n" . $hereprev);
3697					}
3698				}
3699			}
3700		}
3701
3702		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3703		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3704			my $flag = $1;
3705			my $replacement = {
3706				'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3707				'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3708				'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3709				'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3710			};
3711
3712			WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3713			     "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3714		}
3715
3716# check for DT compatible documentation
3717		if (defined $root &&
3718			(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3719			 ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3720
3721			my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3722
3723			my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3724			my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3725
3726			foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3727				my $compat2 = $compat;
3728				$compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3729				my $compat3 = $compat;
3730				$compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3731				`grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3732				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3733					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3734					     "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3735				}
3736
3737				next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3738				my $vendor = $1;
3739				`grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3740				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3741					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3742					     "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3743				}
3744			}
3745		}
3746
3747# check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3748		if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3749			if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3750				$checklicenseline = 2;
3751			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3752				my $comment = "";
3753				if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3754					$comment = '/*';
3755				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|rs|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3756					$comment = '//';
3757				} elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3758					$comment = '#';
3759				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3760					$comment = '..';
3761				}
3762
3763# check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3764				if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3765				    $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3766				    $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3767					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3768					     "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3769				}
3770
3771				if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3772				    $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3773					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3774					     "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3775				} elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3776					my $spdx_license = $1;
3777					if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3778						WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3779						     "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3780					}
3781					if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3782					    $spdx_license !~ /GPL-2\.0(?:-only)? OR BSD-2-Clause/) {
3783						my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3784						$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3785						if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3786
3787								  "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3788						    $fix) {
3789							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3790						}
3791					}
3792					if ($realfile =~ m@^include/dt-bindings/@ &&
3793					    $spdx_license !~ /GPL-2\.0(?:-only)? OR \S+/) {
3794						WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3795						     "DT binding headers should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR .*)\n" . $herecurr);
3796					}
3797				}
3798			}
3799		}
3800
3801# check for embedded filenames
3802		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b\Q$realfile\E\b/) {
3803			WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
3804			     "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
3805		}
3806
3807# check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3808		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|rs|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3809
3810# check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3811		if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3812		    $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3813		    substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3814			WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3815			     "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3816		}
3817
3818# line length limit (with some exclusions)
3819#
3820# There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3821#	logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3822#	lines with a single string
3823#	#defines that are a single string
3824#	lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3825#
3826# There are 3 different line length message types:
3827# LONG_LINE_COMMENT	a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3828# LONG_LINE_STRING	a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3829# LONG_LINE		all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3830#
3831# if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3832#
3833
3834		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3835			my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3836
3837			# Check the allowed long line types first
3838
3839			# logging functions that end in a string that starts
3840			# before $max_line_length
3841			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3842			    length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3843				$msg_type = "";
3844
3845			# lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3846			# #defines with only strings
3847			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3848				 $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3849				$msg_type = "";
3850
3851			# More special cases
3852			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3853				 $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3854				$msg_type = "";
3855
3856			# URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3857			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3858				$msg_type = "";
3859
3860			# Otherwise set the alternate message types
3861
3862			# a comment starts before $max_line_length
3863			} elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3864				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3865				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3866
3867			# a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3868			} elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3869				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3870				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3871			}
3872
3873			if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3874			    show_type("LONG_LINE") && show_type($msg_type)) {
3875				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3876				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3877				&{$msg_level}($msg_type,
3878					      "line length of $length exceeds $max_line_length columns\n" . $herecurr);
3879			}
3880		}
3881
3882# check for adding lines without a newline.
3883		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3884			if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3885			         "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
3886			    $fix) {
3887				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
3888			}
3889		}
3890
3891# check for .L prefix local symbols in .S files
3892		if ($realfile =~ /\.S$/ &&
3893		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:[A-Z]+_)?SYM_[A-Z]+_(?:START|END)(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(\s*\.L/) {
3894			WARN("AVOID_L_PREFIX",
3895			     "Avoid using '.L' prefixed local symbol names for denoting a range of code via 'SYM_*_START/END' annotations; see Documentation/core-api/asm-annotations.rst\n" . $herecurr);
3896		}
3897
3898# check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3899		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3900
3901# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3902# more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3903		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3904		    $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3905			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3906			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3907			if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3908				  "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3909			    $fix) {
3910				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3911			}
3912		}
3913
3914# check for space before tabs.
3915		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3916			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3917			if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3918				"please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3919			    $fix) {
3920				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3921					   s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3922				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3923					   s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3924			}
3925		}
3926
3927# check for assignments on the start of a line
3928		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3929			my $operator = $1;
3930			if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3931				"Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3932			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3933				# add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
3934				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
3935				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3936			}
3937		}
3938
3939# check for && or || at the start of a line
3940		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3941			my $operator = $1;
3942			if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3943				"Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3944			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3945				# insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
3946				$prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
3947				my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
3948				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
3949				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3950			}
3951		}
3952
3953# check indentation starts on a tab stop
3954		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3955		    $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3956			my $indent = length($1);
3957			if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3958				if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3959					 "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3960				    $fix) {
3961					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3962				}
3963			}
3964		}
3965
3966# check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3967		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3968		    $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3969			$prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3970			my $oldindent = $1;
3971			my $rest = $2;
3972
3973			my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3974			if ($pos >= 0) {
3975				$line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3976				my $newindent = $2;
3977
3978				my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3979					"\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3980					" "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3981				my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3982
3983				if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3984				    $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3985
3986					if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3987						"Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3988					    $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3989						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3990						    s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3991					}
3992				}
3993			}
3994		}
3995
3996# check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3997# avoid checking a few false positives:
3998#   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3999#   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
4000#   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
4001#   multiline macros that define functions
4002#   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
4003		if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
4004		    (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
4005			if (CHK("SPACING",
4006				"No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
4007			    $fix) {
4008				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4009				    s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
4010			}
4011		}
4012
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4013# Block comments use * on subsequent lines
4014		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
4015		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#starting /*
4016		    $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&		#no trailing */
4017		    $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&			#line is new
4018		    $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {		#no leading *
4019			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4020			     "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
4021		}
4022
4023# Block comments use */ on trailing lines
4024		if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing */
4025		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#inline /*...*/
4026		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing **/
4027		    $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {	#non blank */
4028			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4029			     "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
4030		}
4031
4032# Block comment * alignment
4033		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
4034		    $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&			#leading comment
4035		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&		#leading *
4036		    (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#leading /*
4037		      $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||		#no trailing */
4038		     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {		#leading *
4039			my $oldindent;
4040			$prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
4041			if (defined($1)) {
4042				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
4043			} else {
4044				$prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
4045				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
4046			}
4047			$rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
4048			my $newindent = $1;
4049			$newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
4050			if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
4051				WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4052				     "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
4053			}
4054		}
4055
4056# check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
4057# with exceptions for various attributes and macros
4058		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
4059		    $line =~ /^\+/ &&
4060		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
4061		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:EXPORT_SYMBOL|early_param|ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION)/ ||
4062		      $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
4063		      $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
4064		      $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
4065		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
4066		      $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
4067		      $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
4068		      $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
4069			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
4070				"Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4071			    $fix) {
4072				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4073			}
4074		}
4075
4076# check for multiple consecutive blank lines
4077		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
4078		    $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
4079		    $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
4080			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
4081				"Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
4082			    $fix) {
4083				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4084			}
4085
4086			$last_blank_line = $linenr;
4087		}
4088
4089# check for missing blank lines after declarations
4090# (declarations must have the same indentation and not be at the start of line)
4091		if (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/) {
4092			# use temporaries
4093			my $sl = $sline;
4094			my $pl = $prevline;
4095			# remove $Attribute/$Sparse uses to simplify comparisons
4096			$sl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4097			$pl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4098			if (($pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4099			# function pointer declarations
4100			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4101			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4102			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4103			# known declaration macros
4104			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
4105			# for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
4106			    !($pl =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
4107			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
4108			      $pl =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
4109			# not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
4110			      $pl =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
4111			# looks like a declaration
4112			    !($sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4113			# function pointer declarations
4114			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4115			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4116			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4117			# known declaration macros
4118			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
4119			# start of struct or union or enum
4120			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
4121			# start or end of block or continuation of declaration
4122			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
4123			# bitfield continuation
4124			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
4125			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
4126			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
4127				if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
4128					 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4129				    $fix) {
4130					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4131				}
4132			}
4133		}
4134
4135# check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
4136# Exceptions:
4137#  1) within comments
4138#  2) indented preprocessor commands
4139#  3) hanging labels
4140		if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
4141			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
4142			if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
4143				 "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
4144			    $fix) {
4145				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
4146			}
4147		}
4148
4149# check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
4150		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
4151
4152# check for unusual line ending [ or (
4153		if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
4154			CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
4155			    "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
4156		}
4157
4158# check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
4159		if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
4160		    $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
4161			$context_function = $1;
4162		}
4163
4164# check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
4165		if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
4166			undef $context_function;
4167		}
4168
4169# check indentation of any line with a bare else
4170# (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
4171# if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
4172		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
4173			my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
4174			if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
4175			    ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
4176			     defined $lines[$linenr] &&
4177			     $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
4178				WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
4179				     "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
4180			}
4181		}
4182
4183# check indentation of a line with a break;
4184# if the previous line is a goto, return or break
4185# and is indented the same # of tabs
4186		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
4187			my $tabs = $1;
4188			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
4189				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
4190					 "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
4191				    $fix) {
4192					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4193				}
4194			}
4195		}
4196
4197# check for RCS/CVS revision markers
4198		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
4199			WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
4200			     "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
4201		}
4202
4203# check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
4204		if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
4205			WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
4206			     "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
4207		}
4208
4209# Check for potential 'bare' types
4210		my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
4211		    $realline_next);
4212#print "LINE<$line>\n";
4213		if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
4214		    $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
4215			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4216				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4217			$stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4218			$cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4219
4220#print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
4221			# If this statement has no statement boundaries within
4222			# it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
4223			# until we hit end of it.
4224			my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
4225			if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
4226#print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
4227				$suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
4228			}
4229
4230			# Find the real next line.
4231			$realline_next = $line_nr_next;
4232			if (defined $realline_next &&
4233			    (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
4234			     substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
4235				$realline_next++;
4236			}
4237
4238			my $s = $stat;
4239			$s =~ s/{.*$//s;
4240
4241			# Ignore goto labels.
4242			if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
4243
4244			# Ignore functions being called
4245			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
4246
4247			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
4248
4249			# declarations always start with types
4250			} elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
4251				my $type = $1;
4252				$type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4253				possible($type, "A:" . $s);
4254
4255			# definitions in global scope can only start with types
4256			} elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
4257				possible($1, "B:" . $s);
4258			}
4259
4260			# any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
4261			while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
4262				possible($1, "C:" . $s);
4263			}
4264
4265			# Check for any sort of function declaration.
4266			# int foo(something bar, other baz);
4267			# void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
4268			if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
4269				my ($name_len) = length($1);
4270
4271				my $ctx = $s;
4272				substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
4273				$ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
4274
4275				for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
4276					if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
4277
4278						possible($1, "D:" . $s);
4279					}
4280				}
4281			}
4282
4283		}
4284
4285#
4286# Checks which may be anchored in the context.
4287#
4288
4289# Check for switch () and associated case and default
4290# statements should be at the same indent.
4291		if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
4292			my $err = '';
4293			my $sep = '';
4294			my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
4295			shift(@ctx);
4296			for my $ctx (@ctx) {
4297				my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
4298				if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
4299							$indent != $cindent) {
4300					$err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
4301					$sep = '';
4302				} else {
4303					$sep = "[...]\n";
4304				}
4305			}
4306			if ($err ne '') {
4307				ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
4308				      "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
4309			}
4310		}
4311
4312# if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
4313# or if that brace on the next line is for something else
4314		if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
4315			my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
4316
4317			my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4318
4319			if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
4320				WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
4321				     "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
4322			}
4323
4324			my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
4325			my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
4326
4327			my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
4328			my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
4329
4330			while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
4331					defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
4332					$lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
4333				##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4334				$ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
4335				$ctx_ln++;
4336			}
4337
4338			#print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4339			#print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
4340
4341			if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
4342				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4343				      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
4344					"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4345			}
4346			if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
4347			    $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
4348			    defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
4349			{
4350				my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
4351				if ($nindent > $indent) {
4352					WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4353					     "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
4354						"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4355				}
4356			}
4357		}
4358
4359# Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
4360		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
4361			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4362				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4363					if (!defined $stat);
4364			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4365
4366			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4367
4368			# remove inline comments
4369			$s =~ s/$;/ /g;
4370			$c =~ s/$;/ /g;
4371
4372			# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4373			my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4374			my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4375
4376			# Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
4377			# none on the first line, and are going to readd them
4378			# where necessary.
4379			$s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
4380			while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
4381				$cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
4382			}
4383
4384			# We want to check the first line inside the block
4385			# starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
4386			#  1) any blank line termination
4387			#  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
4388			#  3) any do (...) {
4389			my $continuation = 0;
4390			my $check = 0;
4391			$s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
4392			$s =~ s/^\s*{//;
4393			if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
4394				$continuation = 1;
4395			}
4396			if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
4397				$check = 1;
4398				$cond_lines++;
4399			}
4400
4401			# Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
4402			# preprocessor statement.
4403			if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
4404			    $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
4405				$check = 0;
4406			}
4407
4408			my $cond_ptr = -1;
4409			$continuation = 0;
4410			while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
4411				$cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
4412
4413				# If we see an #else/#elif then the code
4414				# is not linear.
4415				if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
4416					$check = 0;
4417				}
4418
4419				# Ignore:
4420				#  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
4421				#  2) preprocessor lines, and
4422				#  3) labels.
4423				if ($continuation ||
4424				    $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
4425				    $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
4426				    $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4427					$continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
4428					if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
4429						$cond_lines++;
4430					}
4431				}
4432			}
4433
4434			my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
4435			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
4436
4437			# Check if either of these lines are modified, else
4438			# this is not this patch's fault.
4439			if (!defined($stat_real) ||
4440			    $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
4441				$check = 0;
4442			}
4443			if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4444				$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4445			}
4446
4447			#print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
4448
4449			if ($check && $s ne '' &&
4450			    (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
4451			     ($sindent < $indent) ||
4452			     ($sindent == $indent &&
4453			      ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
4454			     ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
4455				WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
4456				     "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
4457			}
4458		}
4459
4460		# Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
4461		my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
4462		my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
4463				annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
4464		$curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
4465		if ($dbg_values) {
4466			my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
4467			print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
4468			print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
4469			print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
4470		}
4471		$prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
4472
4473#ignore lines not being added
4474		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
4475
4476# check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
4477# e.g.:	int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
4478#	struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
4479		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
4480			my $var = $1;
4481			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
4482				WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
4483				     "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
4484			}
4485		}
4486
4487# check for dereferences that span multiple lines
4488		if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
4489		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
4490			$prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
4491			my $ref = $1;
4492			$line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
4493			$ref .= $1;
4494			$ref =~ s/\s//g;
4495			WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
4496			     "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
4497		}
4498
4499# check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
4500		while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
4501			my $type = $1;
4502			my $var = $2;
4503			$var = "" if (!defined $var);
4504			if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
4505				my $sign = $1;
4506				my $pointer = $2;
4507
4508				$pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
4509
4510				if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
4511					 "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4512				    $fix) {
4513					my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
4514					my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
4515					$comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
4516					$decl .= $comp_pointer;
4517					$decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
4518					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
4519				}
4520			}
4521		}
4522
4523# TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
4524		if ($dbg_type) {
4525			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
4526				ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
4527				      "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
4528			} elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
4529				ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
4530				      "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4531			}
4532			next;
4533		}
4534# TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
4535		if ($dbg_attr) {
4536			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
4537				ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
4538				      "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
4539			} elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
4540				ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
4541				      "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4542			}
4543			next;
4544		}
4545
4546# check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
4547		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4548		    $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
4549			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4550				  "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4551			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4552				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4553				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4554				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4555				$fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
4556				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4557				$fixedline = $line;
4558				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
4559				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4560			}
4561		}
4562
4563#
4564# Checks which are anchored on the added line.
4565#
4566
4567# check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
4568		if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
4569			my $path = $1;
4570			if ($path =~ m{//}) {
4571				ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
4572				      "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
4573			}
4574			if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
4575				ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
4576				      "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
4577			}
4578		}
4579
4580# no C99 // comments
4581		if ($line =~ m{//}) {
4582			if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
4583				  "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
4584			    $fix) {
4585				my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
4586				if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
4587					my $comment = trim($1);
4588					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
4589				}
4590			}
4591		}
4592		# Remove C99 comments.
4593		$line =~ s@//.*@@;
4594		$opline =~ s@//.*@@;
4595
4596# EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
4597# the whole statement.
4598#print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
4599		if (defined $realline_next &&
4600		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
4601		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
4602		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4603			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
4604			# a prefix:
4605			#   XXX(foo);
4606			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
4607			my $name = $1;
4608			$name =~ s/^\s*($Ident).*/$1/;
4609			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
4610			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
4611#print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
4612				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4613
4614			} elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
4615				\n.}\s*$|
4616				^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4617				^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4618				^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
4619				^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
4620				\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
4621			    )/x) {
4622#print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
4623				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
4624			} else {
4625				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4626			}
4627		}
4628		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4629		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
4630		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4631#print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
4632			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
4633		}
4634		if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4635		    $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
4636			WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
4637			     "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
4638		}
4639
4640# check for global initialisers.
4641		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/ &&
4642		    !exclude_global_initialisers($realfile)) {
4643			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
4644				  "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4645			    $fix) {
4646				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4647			}
4648		}
4649# check for static initialisers.
4650		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4651			if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
4652				  "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
4653				      $herecurr) &&
4654			    $fix) {
4655				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4656			}
4657		}
4658
4659# check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
4660		while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
4661			my $tmp = trim($1);
4662			WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
4663			     "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
4664		}
4665
4666# check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
4667		while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4668			my $type = trim($1);
4669			next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4670			next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4671			my $new_type = $type;
4672			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4673			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4674			$new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4675			$new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4676			$new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4677			$new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4678			$new_type = trim($new_type);
4679			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4680				 "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4681			    $fix) {
4682				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4683			}
4684		}
4685
4686# check for static const char * arrays.
4687		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4688			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4689			     "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4690				$herecurr);
4691		}
4692
4693# check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4694		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4695			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4696				 "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4697			    $fix) {
4698				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4699			}
4700		}
4701
4702# check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4703		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4704			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4705			     "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4706				$herecurr);
4707		}
4708
4709# check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4710		if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4711			my $found = $1;
4712			if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4713				WARN("CONST_CONST",
4714				     "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4715			} elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4716				WARN("CONST_CONST",
4717				     "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4718			}
4719		}
4720
4721# check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
4722# prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
4723		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
4724		    $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4725			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
4726				 "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4727			    $fix) {
4728				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
4729				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
4730			}
4731		}
4732
4733# check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4734		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4735			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4736			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4737				$herecurr);
4738		}
4739
4740# check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4741		if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4742			my $array = $1;
4743			if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4744				my $array_div = $1;
4745				if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4746					 "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4747				    $fix) {
4748					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4749				}
4750			}
4751		}
4752
4753# check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4754		if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4755			if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4756				  "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4757			    $fix) {
4758				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4759			}
4760		}
4761
4762# check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4763# make sense.
4764		if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4765		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4766		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4767		    $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4768		    $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4769			WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4770			     "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4771		}
4772
4773# * goes on variable not on type
4774		# (char*[ const])
4775		while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4776			#print "AA<$1>\n";
4777			my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4778
4779			# Should start with a space.
4780			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4781			# Should not end with a space.
4782			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
4783			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
4784			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4785			}
4786
4787##			print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4788			if ($from ne $to) {
4789				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4790					  "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4791				    $fix) {
4792					my $sub_from = $ident;
4793					my $sub_to = $ident;
4794					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4795					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4796					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4797				}
4798			}
4799		}
4800		while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4801			#print "BB<$1>\n";
4802			my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4803
4804			# Should start with a space.
4805			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4806			# Should not end with a space.
4807			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
4808			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
4809			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4810			}
4811			# Modifiers should have spaces.
4812			$to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4813
4814##			print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4815			if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4816				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4817					  "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4818				    $fix) {
4819
4820					my $sub_from = $match;
4821					my $sub_to = $match;
4822					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4823					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4824					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4825				}
4826			}
4827		}
4828
4829# do not use BUG() or variants
4830		if ($line =~ /\b(?!AA_|BUILD_|DCCP_|IDA_|KVM_|RWLOCK_|snd_|SPIN_)(?:[a-zA-Z_]*_)?BUG(?:_ON)?(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(/) {
4831			my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4832			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4833			&{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4834				      "Do not crash the kernel unless it is absolutely unavoidable--use WARN_ON_ONCE() plus recovery code (if feasible) instead of BUG() or variants\n" . $herecurr);
4835		}
4836
4837# avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4838		if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4839			WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4840			     "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4841		}
4842
4843# check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4844		if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4845			WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4846			     "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4847		}
4848
4849# printk should use KERN_* levels
4850		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4851			WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4852			     "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4853		}
4854
4855# prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4856		if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4857			my $printk = $1;
4858			my $modifier = $2;
4859			my $orig = $3;
4860			$modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
4861			my $level = lc($orig);
4862			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4863			my $level2 = $level;
4864			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4865			$level .= $modifier;
4866			$level2 .= $modifier;
4867			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4868			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4869		}
4870
4871# prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4872		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4873			my $orig = $1;
4874			my $level = lc($orig);
4875			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4876			$level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4877			WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4878			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4879		}
4880
4881# trace_printk should not be used in production code.
4882		if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
4883			WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
4884			     "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
4885		}
4886
4887# ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4888# number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4889# least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4890		if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4891			WARN("ENOSYS",
4892			     "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4893		}
4894
4895# ENOTSUPP is not a standard error code and should be avoided in new patches.
4896# Folks usually mean EOPNOTSUPP (also called ENOTSUP), when they type ENOTSUPP.
4897# Similarly to ENOSYS warning a small number of false positives is expected.
4898		if (!$file && $line =~ /\bENOTSUPP\b/) {
4899			if (WARN("ENOTSUPP",
4900				 "ENOTSUPP is not a SUSV4 error code, prefer EOPNOTSUPP\n" . $herecurr) &&
4901			    $fix) {
4902				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bENOTSUPP\b/EOPNOTSUPP/;
4903			}
4904		}
4905
4906# function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4907# or if closed on same line
4908		if ($perl_version_ok &&
4909		    $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4910		    $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4911		    $sline !~ /}/) {
4912			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4913				  "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4914			    $fix) {
4915				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4916				my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4917				$fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*)\{(.*)$/;
4918				my $line1 = $1;
4919				my $line2 = $2;
4920				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4921				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4922				if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4923					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4924				}
4925			}
4926		}
4927
4928# open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4929		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4930		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4931			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4932				  "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4933			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4934				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4935				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4936				my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4937				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4938				$fixedline = $rawline;
4939				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4940				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4941					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4942				}
4943			}
4944		}
4945
4946# missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4947		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4948			if (WARN("SPACING",
4949				 "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4950			    $fix) {
4951				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4952				    s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4953			}
4954		}
4955
4956# Function pointer declarations
4957# check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4958# canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4959		if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4960			my $declare = $1;
4961			my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4962			my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4963			my $funcname = $4;
4964			my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4965			my $pre_args_space = $6;
4966
4967# the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4968# so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4969# don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4970			my $post_declare_space = "";
4971			if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4972				$post_declare_space = $1;
4973				$declare = rtrim($declare);
4974			}
4975			if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4976				WARN("SPACING",
4977				     "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4978				$post_declare_space = " ";
4979			}
4980
4981# unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4982# This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4983# equivalent to
4984#	int  foo(int bar, ...)
4985# and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4986#
4987#			elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4988#				WARN("SPACING",
4989#				     "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4990#			}
4991
4992# unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4993			if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4994			    $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4995				WARN("SPACING",
4996				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4997			}
4998
4999# unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
5000			if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
5001			    $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
5002				WARN("SPACING",
5003				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
5004			}
5005
5006# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
5007			if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
5008			    $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
5009				WARN("SPACING",
5010				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
5011			}
5012
5013# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
5014			if (defined $pre_args_space &&
5015			    $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
5016				WARN("SPACING",
5017				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
5018			}
5019
5020			if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
5021				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5022				    s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
5023			}
5024		}
5025
5026# check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
5027#  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
5028#  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
5029#  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
5030		while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
5031			my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
5032			if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
5033			    ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
5034			    $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
5035				if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
5036					  "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5037				    $fix) {
5038				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5039					s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
5040				}
5041			}
5042		}
5043
5044# check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
5045		while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
5046			my $name = $1;
5047			my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
5048			my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
5049
5050			# Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
5051			if ($name =~ /^(?:
5052				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
5053				volatile|__volatile__|
5054				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
5055				asm|__asm__|scoped_guard)$/x)
5056			{
5057			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
5058			# if there is a space between the name and the open
5059			# parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
5060			} elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
5061
5062			# cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
5063			} elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
5064
5065			# If this whole things ends with a type its most
5066			# likely a typedef for a function.
5067			} elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
5068
5069			} else {
5070				if (WARN("SPACING",
5071					 "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5072					     $fix) {
5073					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5074					    s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
5075				}
5076			}
5077		}
5078
5079# Check operator spacing.
5080		if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
5081			my $fixed_line = "";
5082			my $line_fixed = 0;
5083
5084			my $ops = qr{
5085				<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
5086				\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
5087				=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
5088				&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
5089				\?:|\?|:
5090			}x;
5091			my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
5092
5093##			print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
5094##			foreach my $el (@elements) {
5095##				print("el: <$el>\n");
5096##			}
5097
5098			my @fix_elements = ();
5099			my $off = 0;
5100
5101			foreach my $el (@elements) {
5102				push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
5103				$off += length($el);
5104			}
5105
5106			$off = 0;
5107
5108			my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
5109			my $last_after = -1;
5110
5111			for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
5112
5113				my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
5114
5115##				print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
5116
5117				$off += length($elements[$n]);
5118
5119				# Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
5120				my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
5121				my $cc = '';
5122				if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
5123					$cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
5124				}
5125				my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
5126
5127				my $a = '';
5128				$a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
5129				$a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
5130				$a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
5131				$a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
5132				$a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
5133				$a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
5134
5135				my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
5136
5137				my $c = '';
5138				if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
5139					$c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
5140					$c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
5141					$c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
5142					$c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
5143					$c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
5144					$c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
5145				} else {
5146					$c = 'E';
5147				}
5148
5149				my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
5150
5151				my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
5152
5153				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
5154				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
5155
5156				# Pull out the value of this operator.
5157				my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
5158
5159				# Get the full operator variant.
5160				my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
5161
5162				# Ignore operators passed as parameters.
5163				if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
5164				    $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
5165
5166#				# Ignore comments
5167#				} elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
5168
5169				# ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
5170				} elsif ($op eq ';') {
5171					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
5172					    $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
5173						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5174							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5175							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5176							$line_fixed = 1;
5177						}
5178					}
5179
5180				# // is a comment
5181				} elsif ($op eq '//') {
5182
5183				#   :   when part of a bitfield
5184				} elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
5185					# skip the bitfield test for now
5186
5187				# No spaces for:
5188				#   ->
5189				} elsif ($op eq '->') {
5190					if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
5191						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5192							  "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5193							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5194							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5195								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5196							}
5197							$line_fixed = 1;
5198						}
5199					}
5200
5201				# , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
5202				} elsif ($op eq ',') {
5203					my $rtrim_before = 0;
5204					my $space_after = 0;
5205					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
5206						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5207							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5208							$line_fixed = 1;
5209							$rtrim_before = 1;
5210						}
5211					}
5212					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
5213						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5214							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5215							$line_fixed = 1;
5216							$last_after = $n;
5217							$space_after = 1;
5218						}
5219					}
5220					if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
5221						if ($rtrim_before) {
5222							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5223						} else {
5224							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5225						}
5226						if ($space_after) {
5227							$good .= " ";
5228						}
5229					}
5230
5231				# '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
5232				} elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
5233					#warn "'*' is part of type\n";
5234
5235				# unary operators should have a space before and
5236				# none after.  May be left adjacent to another
5237				# unary operator, or a cast
5238				} elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
5239					 $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
5240					 $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
5241					if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
5242						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5243							  "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5244							if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
5245								$good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5246								$line_fixed = 1;
5247							}
5248						}
5249					}
5250					if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
5251						# A unary '*' may be const
5252
5253					} elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
5254						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5255							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5256							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5257							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5258								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5259							}
5260							$line_fixed = 1;
5261						}
5262					}
5263
5264				# unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
5265				} elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
5266					if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
5267						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5268							  "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5269							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5270							$line_fixed = 1;
5271						}
5272					}
5273					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
5274					    ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
5275						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5276							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5277							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5278							$line_fixed = 1;
5279						}
5280					}
5281					if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
5282						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5283							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5284							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5285							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5286								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5287							}
5288							$line_fixed = 1;
5289						}
5290					}
5291
5292				# << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
5293				} elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
5294					 $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
5295					 $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
5296					 $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
5297					 $op eq '%')
5298				{
5299					if ($check) {
5300						if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
5301							if (CHK("SPACING",
5302								"spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5303								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5304								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5305								$line_fixed = 1;
5306							}
5307						} elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
5308							if (CHK("SPACING",
5309								"space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5310								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5311								$line_fixed = 1;
5312							}
5313						}
5314					} elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
5315						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5316							  "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5317							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5318							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5319								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5320							}
5321							$line_fixed = 1;
5322						}
5323					}
5324
5325				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
5326				# terminating a case value or a label.
5327				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
5328					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./ and $realfile !~ m@.*\.lds\.h$@) {
5329						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5330							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5331							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5332							$line_fixed = 1;
5333						}
5334					}
5335
5336				# All the others need spaces both sides.
5337				} elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
5338					my $ok = 0;
5339
5340					# Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
5341					if (($op eq '<' &&
5342					     $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
5343					    ($op eq '>' &&
5344					     $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
5345					{
5346						$ok = 1;
5347					}
5348
5349					# for asm volatile statements
5350					# ignore a colon with another
5351					# colon immediately before or after
5352					if (($op eq ':') &&
5353					    ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
5354						$ok = 1;
5355					}
5356
5357					# messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
5358					if ($ok == 0) {
5359						my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
5360						$msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
5361
5362						if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
5363								  "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5364							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5365							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5366								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5367							}
5368							$line_fixed = 1;
5369						}
5370					}
5371				}
5372				$off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
5373
5374##				print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
5375
5376				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
5377			}
5378
5379			if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
5380				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
5381			}
5382
5383			if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
5384				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
5385			}
5386
5387
5388		}
5389
5390# check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
5391		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
5392			if (WARN("SPACING",
5393				 "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5394			    $fix) {
5395				1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5396				    s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
5397			}
5398		}
5399
5400# check for multiple assignments
5401		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
5402			CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
5403			    "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5404		}
5405
5406## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
5407## # continuation.
5408## 		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
5409## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
5410##
5411## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
5412## 			# falsely report the parameters of functions.
5413## 			my $ln = $line;
5414## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
5415## 			}
5416## 			if ($ln =~ /,/) {
5417## 				WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
5418##				     "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5419## 			}
5420## 		}
5421
5422#need space before brace following if, while, etc
5423		if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
5424		    $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
5425			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5426				  "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5427			    $fix) {
5428				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
5429			}
5430		}
5431
5432## # check for blank lines before declarations
5433##		if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
5434##		    $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
5435##			WARN("SPACING",
5436##			     "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
5437##		}
5438##
5439
5440# closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
5441# on the line
5442		if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
5443			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5444				  "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5445			    $fix) {
5446				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5447				    s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
5448			}
5449		}
5450
5451# check spacing on square brackets
5452		if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
5453			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5454				  "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5455			    $fix) {
5456				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5457				    s/\[\s+/\[/;
5458			}
5459		}
5460		if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
5461			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5462				  "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5463			    $fix) {
5464				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5465				    s/\s+\]/\]/;
5466			}
5467		}
5468
5469# check spacing on parentheses
5470		if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
5471		    $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
5472			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5473				  "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5474			    $fix) {
5475				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5476				    s/\(\s+/\(/;
5477			}
5478		}
5479		if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
5480		    $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
5481		    $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
5482			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5483				  "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5484			    $fix) {
5485				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5486				    s/\s+\)/\)/;
5487			}
5488		}
5489
5490# check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
5491# ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
5492
5493		while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
5494			my $var = $1;
5495			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5496				"Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5497			    $fix) {
5498				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
5499			}
5500		}
5501
5502# check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
5503# ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
5504# but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
5505		if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
5506			my $var = $2;
5507			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5508				"Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5509			    $fix) {
5510				my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
5511				$var2 =~ s/\s//g;
5512				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
5513			}
5514		}
5515
5516# check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
5517# when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
5518		if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
5519		    $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
5520		    $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
5521			my $if_stat = $1;
5522			my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
5523			my $herectx;
5524			while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
5525				my $match = $1;
5526				# avoid parentheses around potential macro args
5527				next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
5528				if (!defined($herectx)) {
5529					$herectx = $here . "\n";
5530					my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
5531					for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5532						my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
5533						$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
5534						last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
5535					}
5536				}
5537				CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5538				    "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
5539			}
5540		}
5541
5542# check that goto labels aren't indented (allow a single space indentation)
5543# and ignore bitfield definitions like foo:1
5544# Strictly, labels can have whitespace after the identifier and before the :
5545# but this is not allowed here as many ?: uses would appear to be labels
5546		if ($sline =~ /^.\s+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*:(?!\s*\d+)/ &&
5547		    $sline !~ /^. [A-Za-z\d_][A-Za-z\d_]*:/ &&
5548		    $sline !~ /^.\s+default:/) {
5549			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
5550				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
5551			    $fix) {
5552				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5553				    s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
5554			}
5555		}
5556
5557# check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
5558#	foo = bar(),	/* comma should be semicolon */
5559#	bar = baz();
5560		if (defined($stat) &&
5561		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
5562			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5563			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5564			WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
5565			     "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
5566		}
5567
5568# return is not a function
5569		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
5570			my $spacing = $1;
5571			if ($perl_version_ok &&
5572			    $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
5573				my $value = $1;
5574				$value = deparenthesize($value);
5575				if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
5576					ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
5577					      "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
5578				}
5579			} elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
5580				ERROR("SPACING",
5581				      "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
5582			}
5583		}
5584
5585# unnecessary return in a void function
5586# at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
5587# and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
5588		if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
5589		    $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
5590		    $linenr >= 3 &&
5591		    $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
5592		    $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
5593			WARN("RETURN_VOID",
5594			     "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
5595		}
5596
5597# if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
5598		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5599		    $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
5600			my $openparens = $1;
5601			my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
5602			my $msg = "";
5603			if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
5604				my $comp = $4;	#Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
5605				$msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
5606				WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5607				     "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
5608			}
5609		}
5610
5611# comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
5612#	avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
5613#	only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
5614#	conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
5615		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5616		    $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
5617			my $lead = $1;
5618			my $const = $2;
5619			my $comp = $3;
5620			my $to = $4;
5621			my $newcomp = $comp;
5622			if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
5623			    $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
5624			    WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
5625				 "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
5626			    $fix) {
5627				if ($comp eq "<") {
5628					$newcomp = ">";
5629				} elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
5630					$newcomp = ">=";
5631				} elsif ($comp eq ">") {
5632					$newcomp = "<";
5633				} elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
5634					$newcomp = "<=";
5635				}
5636				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
5637			}
5638		}
5639
5640# Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
5641		if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
5642			my $name = $1;
5643			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR' && $name !~ /^EPOLL/) {
5644				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
5645				     "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
5646			}
5647		}
5648
5649# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
5650		if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
5651			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5652				  "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5653			    $fix) {
5654				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5655				    s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
5656			}
5657		}
5658
5659# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
5660# statements after the conditional.
5661		if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
5662			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
5663				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
5664					if (!defined $stat);
5665			my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
5666						$remain_next, $off_next);
5667			$stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
5668			##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
5669
5670			if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
5671				# If the statement carries leading newlines,
5672				# then count those as offsets.
5673				my ($whitespace) =
5674					($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5675				my $offset =
5676					statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5677
5678				$suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
5679								$offset} = 1;
5680			}
5681		}
5682		if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
5683		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
5684		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
5685			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
5686			my $fixed_assign_in_if = 0;
5687
5688			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
5689				if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
5690					  "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr) &&
5691				    $fix && $perl_version_ok) {
5692					if ($rawline =~ /^\+(\s+)if\s*\(\s*(\!)?\s*\(\s*(($Lval)\s*=\s*$LvalOrFunc)\s*\)\s*(?:($Compare)\s*($FuncArg))?\s*\)\s*(\{)?\s*$/) {
5693						my $space = $1;
5694						my $not = $2;
5695						my $statement = $3;
5696						my $assigned = $4;
5697						my $test = $8;
5698						my $against = $9;
5699						my $brace = $15;
5700						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5701						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "$space$statement;");
5702						my $newline = "${space}if (";
5703						$newline .= '!' if defined($not);
5704						$newline .= '(' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5705						$newline .= "$assigned";
5706						$newline .= " $test $against" if (defined($test) && defined($against));
5707						$newline .= ')' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5708						$newline .= ')';
5709						$newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
5710						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
5711						$fixed_assign_in_if = 1;
5712					}
5713				}
5714			}
5715
5716			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5717			# conditional.
5718			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5719			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5720			$s =~ s/$;//g;	# Remove any comments
5721			if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
5722			    $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
5723			{
5724				# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
5725				my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
5726				my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
5727				my $stat_real = '';
5728
5729				$stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
5730							. "\n" if ($cond_lines);
5731				if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
5732					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
5733				}
5734
5735				if (ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5736					  "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real) &&
5737				    !$fixed_assign_in_if &&
5738				    $cond_lines == 0 &&
5739				    $fix && $perl_version_ok &&
5740				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ /^\+(\s*)((?:if|while|for)\s*$balanced_parens)\s*(.*)$/) {
5741					my $indent = $1;
5742					my $test = $2;
5743					my $rest = rtrim($4);
5744					if ($rest =~ /;$/) {
5745						$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+$indent$test";
5746						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, "$indent\t$rest");
5747					}
5748				}
5749			}
5750		}
5751
5752# Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
5753		if ($line =~ /
5754			(?:
5755				(?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5756				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5757				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
5758			|
5759				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
5760				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5761				(?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5762			)/x)
5763		{
5764			WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5765			     "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5766		}
5767
5768# if and else should not have general statements after it
5769		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5770			my $s = $1;
5771			$s =~ s/$;//g;	# Remove any comments
5772			if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5773				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5774				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5775			}
5776		}
5777# if should not continue a brace
5778		if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5779			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5780			      "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5781				$herecurr);
5782		}
5783# case and default should not have general statements after them
5784		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5785		    $line !~ /\G(?:
5786			(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5787			\s*return\s+
5788		    )/xg)
5789		{
5790			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5791			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5792		}
5793
5794		# Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5795		# indent level to be relevant to each other.
5796		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5797		    $previndent == $indent) {
5798			if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5799				  "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5800			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5801				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5802				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5803				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5804				$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5805				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5806					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5807				}
5808				$fixedline = $rawline;
5809				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5810				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5811			}
5812		}
5813
5814		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5815		    $previndent == $indent) {
5816			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5817
5818			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5819			# conditional.
5820			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5821			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5822
5823			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5824				if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5825					  "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5826				    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5827					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5828					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5829					my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5830					my $trailing = $rawline;
5831					$trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5832					$trailing = trim($trailing);
5833					$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5834					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5835				}
5836			}
5837		}
5838
5839#Specific variable tests
5840		while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5841			my $var = $1;
5842
5843#CamelCase
5844			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5845			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5846#Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
5847			    $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
5848#Ignore Page<foo> variants
5849			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5850#Ignore ETHTOOL_LINK_MODE_<foo> variants
5851			    $var !~ /^ETHTOOL_LINK_MODE_/ &&
5852#Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5853#(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5854			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5855#Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5856			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5857				while ($var =~ m{\b($Ident)}g) {
5858					my $word = $1;
5859					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5860					if ($check) {
5861						seed_camelcase_includes();
5862						if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5863							seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5864							$camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5865						}
5866					}
5867					if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5868						$camelcase{$word} = 1;
5869						CHK("CAMELCASE",
5870						    "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5871					}
5872				}
5873			}
5874		}
5875
5876#no spaces allowed after \ in define
5877		if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5878			if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5879				 "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5880			    $fix) {
5881				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5882			}
5883		}
5884
5885# warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5886# itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5887		if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5888			my $file = "$1.h";
5889			my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5890			if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5891			    $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5892			    $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5893			{
5894				my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5895				if ($asminclude > 0) {
5896					if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5897						CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5898						    "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5899					} else {
5900						WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5901						     "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5902					}
5903				}
5904			}
5905		}
5906
5907# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5908# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5909# in a known good container
5910		if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5911		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5912			my $ln = $linenr;
5913			my $cnt = $realcnt;
5914			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5915			my $ctx = '';
5916			my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5917			my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5918			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5919				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5920			$ctx = $dstat;
5921			#print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5922			#print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5923
5924			$has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5925			$has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5926
5927			$dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5928			my $define_args = $1;
5929			my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5930			my @def_args = ();
5931
5932			if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5933				$define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5934				$define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5935				$define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5936				@def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5937			}
5938
5939			$dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5940			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5941			$dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5942			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5943
5944			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
5945			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
5946			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
5947			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
5948			{
5949			}
5950
5951			# Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5952			while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5953			       $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5954			{
5955			}
5956
5957			# Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5958			$dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5959
5960			my $exceptions = qr{
5961				$Declare|
5962				module_param_named|
5963				MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5964				DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5965				DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5966				__typeof__\(|
5967				union|
5968				struct|
5969				\.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5970				^\"|\"$|
5971				^\[
5972			}x;
5973			#print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5974
5975			$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5976			my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5977			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5978
5979			if ($dstat ne '' &&
5980			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&			# 10, // foo(),
5981			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&			# foo();
5982			    $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&		# 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5983			    $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&			# character constants
5984			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5985			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
5986			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
5987			    $dstat !~ /^case\b/ &&					# case ...
5988			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5989			    $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&		# while (...) {...}
5990			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
5991			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
5992			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
5993			    $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&						# ({...
5994			    $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5995			{
5996				if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5997					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5998					      "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5999				} elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
6000					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
6001					      "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
6002				} else {
6003					ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
6004					      "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
6005				}
6006
6007			}
6008
6009			# Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
6010			my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
6011			my $first = 1;
6012			$define_stmt = "";
6013			foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
6014				$l =~ s/\\$//;
6015				if ($first) {
6016					$define_stmt = $l;
6017					$first = 0;
6018				} elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
6019					$define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
6020				}
6021			}
6022			$define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
6023			$define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
6024			$define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
6025
6026# check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
6027			foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
6028			        next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
6029			        next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
6030				my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
6031				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(__must_be_array|offsetof|sizeof|sizeof_field|__stringify|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
6032				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
6033				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
6034				my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
6035				if ($use_cnt > 1) {
6036					CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
6037					    "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
6038				    }
6039# check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
6040				if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
6041				    ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
6042				     (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
6043					CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
6044					    "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
6045				}
6046
6047# check if this is an unused argument
6048				if ($define_stmt !~ /\b$arg\b/) {
6049					WARN("MACRO_ARG_UNUSED",
6050					     "Argument '$arg' is not used in function-like macro\n" . "$herectx");
6051				}
6052			}
6053
6054# check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
6055# ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
6056			if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
6057				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6058				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6059
6060				WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
6061				     "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
6062			}
6063
6064# check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
6065
6066		} elsif ($realfile =~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@) {
6067		    $line =~ s/(\w+)/$maybe_linker_symbol{$1}++/ge;
6068		    #print "REAL: $realfile\nln: $line\nkeys:", sort keys %maybe_linker_symbol;
6069		} else {
6070			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
6071			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
6072			    $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&	# asm
6073			    $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
6074				WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6075				     "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
6076			}
6077		}
6078
6079# do {} while (0) macro tests:
6080# single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
6081# macro should not end with a semicolon
6082		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6083		    $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
6084		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
6085			my $ln = $linenr;
6086			my $cnt = $realcnt;
6087			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
6088			my $ctx = '';
6089			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
6090				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
6091			$ctx = $dstat;
6092
6093			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
6094			$dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
6095
6096			if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
6097				my $stmts = $2;
6098				my $semis = $3;
6099
6100				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6101				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6102				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6103
6104				if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
6105				    $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
6106					WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
6107					     "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
6108				}
6109				if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
6110					WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6111					     "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
6112				}
6113			} elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
6114				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6115				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6116				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6117
6118				WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6119				     "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
6120			}
6121		}
6122
6123# check for redundant bracing round if etc
6124		if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
6125			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6126				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
6127			#print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
6128			#print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
6129			if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
6130				my @allowed = ();
6131				my $allow = 0;
6132				my $seen = 0;
6133				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6134				my $ln = $linenr - 1;
6135				for my $chunk (@chunks) {
6136					my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
6137
6138					# If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
6139					my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
6140					my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
6141
6142					$allowed[$allow] = 0;
6143					#print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
6144
6145					# We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
6146					$suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
6147
6148					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
6149					$ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
6150
6151					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6152
6153					$seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
6154
6155					#print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
6156					if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6157						#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6158						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6159					}
6160					if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6161						#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6162						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6163					}
6164					if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6165						#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6166						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6167					}
6168					$allow++;
6169				}
6170				if ($seen) {
6171					my $sum_allowed = 0;
6172					foreach (@allowed) {
6173						$sum_allowed += $_;
6174					}
6175					if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
6176						WARN("BRACES",
6177						     "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6178					} elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
6179						 $seen != $allow) {
6180						CHK("BRACES",
6181						    "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6182					}
6183				}
6184			}
6185		}
6186		if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
6187					$line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
6188			my $allowed = 0;
6189
6190			# Check the pre-context.
6191			if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
6192				#print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
6193				$allowed = 1;
6194			}
6195
6196			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6197				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
6198
6199			# Check the condition.
6200			my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
6201			#print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
6202			if (defined $cond) {
6203				substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6204			}
6205			if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6206				#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6207				$allowed = 1;
6208			}
6209			if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6210				#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6211				$allowed = 1;
6212			}
6213			if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6214				#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6215				$allowed = 1;
6216			}
6217			# Check the post-context.
6218			if (defined $chunks[1]) {
6219				my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
6220				if (defined $cond) {
6221					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6222				}
6223				if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
6224					#print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
6225					$allowed = 1;
6226				}
6227			}
6228			if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
6229				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
6230				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6231
6232				WARN("BRACES",
6233				     "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
6234			}
6235		}
6236
6237# check for single line unbalanced braces
6238		if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
6239		    $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
6240			CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
6241		}
6242
6243# check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
6244		if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
6245			if (CHK("BRACES",
6246				"Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6247			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
6248				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6249			}
6250		}
6251		if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
6252			if (CHK("BRACES",
6253				"Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6254			    $fix) {
6255				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6256			}
6257		}
6258
6259# no volatiles please
6260		my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
6261		if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
6262			WARN("VOLATILE",
6263			     "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6264		}
6265
6266# Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
6267# to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
6268# newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
6269# (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
6270		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
6271		    $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
6272		    $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
6273			if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
6274				 "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
6275				     $fix &&
6276				     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
6277				     $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
6278				my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6279				my $comma_close = "";
6280				if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
6281					$comma_close = $1;
6282				}
6283
6284				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6285				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6286				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
6287				$fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
6288				$fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
6289				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
6290				$fixedline = $rawline;
6291				$fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
6292				if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
6293					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
6294				}
6295				$last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
6296			}
6297		}
6298
6299# check for missing a space in a string concatenation
6300		if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
6301			WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
6302			     "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
6303		}
6304
6305# check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
6306# This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
6307# context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
6308# function declarations
6309		if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
6310		    defined($context_function) &&
6311		    get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
6312		    length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
6313			WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
6314			     "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
6315		}
6316
6317# check for unnecessary function tracing like uses
6318# This does not use $logFunctions because there are many instances like
6319# 'dprintk(FOO, "%s()\n", __func__);' which do not match $logFunctions
6320		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\([^"]*"$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}%s(?:\s*\(\s*\)\s*)?$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}(?:\\n)?"\s*,\s*__func__\s*\)\s*;/) {
6321			if (WARN("TRACING_LOGGING",
6322				 "Unnecessary ftrace-like logging - prefer using ftrace\n" . $herecurr) &&
6323			    $fix) {
6324                                fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6325			}
6326		}
6327
6328# check for spaces before a quoted newline
6329		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
6330			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
6331				 "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
6332			    $fix) {
6333				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
6334			}
6335
6336		}
6337
6338# concatenated string without spaces between elements
6339		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ ||
6340		    ($line =~ /([A-Za-z0-9_]+)$String/ && $1 !~ /^[Lu]$/)) {
6341			if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
6342				"Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
6343			    $fix) {
6344				while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
6345					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6346					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
6347					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
6348				}
6349			}
6350		}
6351
6352# uncoalesced string fragments
6353		if ($line =~ /$String\s*[Lu]?"/) {
6354			if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
6355				 "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
6356			    $fix) {
6357				while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
6358					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6359					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
6360				}
6361			}
6362		}
6363
6364# check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
6365		my $show_L = 1;	#don't show the same defect twice
6366		my $show_Z = 1;
6367		while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
6368			my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
6369			$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
6370			# check for %L
6371			if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
6372				WARN("PRINTF_L",
6373				     "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
6374				$show_L = 0;
6375			}
6376			# check for %Z
6377			if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
6378				WARN("PRINTF_Z",
6379				     "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
6380				$show_Z = 0;
6381			}
6382			# check for 0x<decimal>
6383			if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
6384				ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
6385				      "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
6386			}
6387		}
6388
6389# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
6390		if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
6391			WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6392			     "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
6393		}
6394
6395# warn about #if 0
6396		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
6397			WARN("IF_0",
6398			     "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6399		}
6400
6401# warn about #if 1
6402		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
6403			WARN("IF_1",
6404			     "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6405		}
6406
6407# check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
6408		if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
6409			my $tested = quotemeta($1);
6410			my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
6411			if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
6412				my $func = $1;
6413				if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
6414					 "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
6415				    $fix) {
6416					my $do_fix = 1;
6417					my $leading_tabs = "";
6418					my $new_leading_tabs = "";
6419					if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
6420						$leading_tabs = $1;
6421					} else {
6422						$do_fix = 0;
6423					}
6424					if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6425						$new_leading_tabs = $1;
6426						if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
6427							$do_fix = 0;
6428						}
6429					} else {
6430						$do_fix = 0;
6431					}
6432					if ($do_fix) {
6433						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6434						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
6435					}
6436				}
6437			}
6438		}
6439
6440# check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
6441		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6442		    $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
6443		    (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
6444		    $linenr > 3) {
6445			my $testval = $2;
6446			my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
6447
6448			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
6449#			print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
6450
6451			if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6452			    $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
6453				WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
6454				     "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
6455			}
6456		}
6457
6458# check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
6459		if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
6460		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
6461			my $level = $1;
6462			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
6463				 "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
6464			    $fix) {
6465				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
6466			}
6467		}
6468
6469# check for logging continuations
6470		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
6471			WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
6472			     "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
6473		}
6474
6475# check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
6476		if (defined $stat &&
6477		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6478		    index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
6479			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6480			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6481			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6482			pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
6483			while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
6484				my $pspec = $1;
6485				my $h = $2;
6486				my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
6487				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
6488					 "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
6489				    $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
6490					my $nspec = $pspec;
6491					$nspec =~ s/h//g;
6492					$fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
6493				}
6494			}
6495		}
6496
6497# check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
6498		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6499		    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
6500		    $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
6501			WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
6502			     "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
6503		}
6504
6505# check for pointer comparisons to NULL
6506		if ($perl_version_ok) {
6507			while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
6508				my $val = $1;
6509				my $equal = "!";
6510				$equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
6511				if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
6512					"Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
6513					    $fix) {
6514					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
6515				}
6516			}
6517		}
6518
6519# check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
6520		if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
6521			my $attr = $1;
6522			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
6523				my $ptr = $1;
6524				my $var = $2;
6525				if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6526				      ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
6527					    "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
6528				     ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6529				      WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
6530					   "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
6531				    $fix) {
6532					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
6533				}
6534			}
6535		}
6536
6537# check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
6538		if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
6539			my $attr = $1;
6540			$attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
6541			my $attr_prefix = $1;
6542			my $attr_type = $2;
6543			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6544				  "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
6545			    $fix) {
6546				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6547				    s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
6548			}
6549		}
6550
6551# check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
6552		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
6553			my $attr = $1;
6554			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6555				  "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
6556			    $fix) {
6557				my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6558				    /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
6559				$lead = rtrim($1);
6560				$lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
6561				$lead = "${lead}const ";
6562				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
6563			}
6564		}
6565
6566# check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
6567		if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
6568		    $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
6569			if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
6570				  "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
6571			    $fix) {
6572				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
6573			}
6574		}
6575
6576# don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
6577		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6578		    $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
6579			my $constant_func = $1;
6580			my $func = $constant_func;
6581			$func =~ s/^__constant_//;
6582			if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
6583				 "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
6584			    $fix) {
6585				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
6586			}
6587		}
6588
6589# prefer usleep_range over udelay
6590		if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
6591			my $delay = $1;
6592			# ignore udelay's < 10, however
6593			if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
6594				CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
6595				    "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see function description of usleep_range() and udelay().\n" . $herecurr);
6596			}
6597			if ($delay > 2000) {
6598				WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
6599				     "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see function description of mdelay().\n" . $herecurr);
6600			}
6601		}
6602
6603# warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
6604		if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
6605			if ($1 < 20) {
6606				WARN("MSLEEP",
6607				     "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see function description of msleep().\n" . $herecurr);
6608			}
6609		}
6610
6611# check for comparisons of jiffies
6612		if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
6613			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6614			     "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6615		}
6616
6617# check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
6618		if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6619			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6620			     "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6621		}
6622
6623# warn about #ifdefs in C files
6624#		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
6625#			print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
6626#			print "$herecurr";
6627#			$clean = 0;
6628#		}
6629
6630# warn about spacing in #ifdefs
6631		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
6632			if (ERROR("SPACING",
6633				  "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6634			    $fix) {
6635				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6636				    s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
6637			}
6638
6639		}
6640
6641# check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
6642		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
6643		    $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
6644			my $which = $1;
6645			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6646				CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
6647				    "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6648			}
6649		}
6650# check for memory barriers without a comment.
6651
6652		my $barriers = qr{
6653			mb|
6654			rmb|
6655			wmb
6656		}x;
6657		my $barrier_stems = qr{
6658			mb__before_atomic|
6659			mb__after_atomic|
6660			store_release|
6661			load_acquire|
6662			store_mb|
6663			(?:$barriers)
6664		}x;
6665		my $all_barriers = qr{
6666			(?:$barriers)|
6667			smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
6668			virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
6669		}x;
6670
6671		if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6672			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6673				WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6674				     "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6675			}
6676		}
6677
6678		my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
6679
6680		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
6681		    $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
6682		    $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
6683		    $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6684			WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6685			     "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
6686		}
6687
6688# check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
6689		if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
6690			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6691				WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
6692				     "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6693			}
6694		}
6695
6696# check for data_race without a comment.
6697		if ($line =~ /\bdata_race\s*\(/) {
6698			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6699				WARN("DATA_RACE",
6700				     "data_race without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6701			}
6702		}
6703
6704# check of hardware specific defines
6705		if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
6706			CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
6707			    "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
6708		}
6709
6710# check that the storage class is not after a type
6711		if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
6712			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6713			     "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
6714		}
6715# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
6716		if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
6717		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
6718		    $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
6719		    $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
6720			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6721			     "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
6722		}
6723
6724# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
6725# storage class and type.
6726		if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
6727		    $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
6728			ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
6729			      "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
6730		}
6731
6732# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
6733		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6734		    $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
6735			if (WARN("INLINE",
6736				 "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6737			    $fix) {
6738				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
6739
6740			}
6741		}
6742
6743# Check for compiler attributes
6744		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6745		    $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
6746			my $attr = $1;
6747			$attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
6748
6749			my %attr_list = (
6750				"alias"				=> "__alias",
6751				"aligned"			=> "__aligned",
6752				"always_inline"			=> "__always_inline",
6753				"assume_aligned"		=> "__assume_aligned",
6754				"cold"				=> "__cold",
6755				"const"				=> "__attribute_const__",
6756				"copy"				=> "__copy",
6757				"designated_init"		=> "__designated_init",
6758				"externally_visible"		=> "__visible",
6759				"format"			=> "printf|scanf",
6760				"gnu_inline"			=> "__gnu_inline",
6761				"malloc"			=> "__malloc",
6762				"mode"				=> "__mode",
6763				"no_caller_saved_registers"	=> "__no_caller_saved_registers",
6764				"noclone"			=> "__noclone",
6765				"noinline"			=> "noinline",
6766				"nonstring"			=> "__nonstring",
6767				"noreturn"			=> "__noreturn",
6768				"packed"			=> "__packed",
6769				"pure"				=> "__pure",
6770				"section"			=> "__section",
6771				"used"				=> "__used",
6772				"weak"				=> "__weak"
6773			);
6774
6775			while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
6776				my $orig_attr = $1;
6777				my $params = '';
6778				$params = $2 if defined($2);
6779				my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
6780				$curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
6781				if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
6782					my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
6783					if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
6784						$params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
6785						$new = "__$1\($2";
6786					} else {
6787						$new = "$new$params";
6788					}
6789					if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6790						 "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
6791					    $fix) {
6792						my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
6793						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
6794						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
6795						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
6796						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
6797					}
6798				}
6799			}
6800
6801			# Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
6802			if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
6803				WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6804				     "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
6805			}
6806		}
6807
6808# Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
6809		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6810		    $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
6811		    ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
6812		     $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
6813			ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
6814			      "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
6815		}
6816
6817# check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
6818		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6819		    $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
6820		    $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
6821			my $type = $1;
6822			if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6823				$type = $1;
6824				my $kernel_type = 'u';
6825				$kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6826				$type =~ /(\d+)/;
6827				$kernel_type .= $1;
6828				if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6829					"Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6830				    $fix) {
6831					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6832				}
6833			}
6834		}
6835
6836# check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6837		if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6838			my $cast = $1;
6839			my $const = $2;
6840			my $suffix = "";
6841			my $newconst = $const;
6842			$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6843			$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6844			if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6845			    $suffix .= 'LL';
6846			} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6847			    $suffix .= 'L';
6848			}
6849			if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6850				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant - '$cast$const' could be '$const$suffix'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6851			    $fix) {
6852				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6853			}
6854		}
6855
6856# check for sizeof(&)
6857		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6858			WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6859			     "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6860		}
6861
6862# check for sizeof without parenthesis
6863		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6864			if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6865				 "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6866			    $fix) {
6867				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6868			}
6869		}
6870
6871# check for struct spinlock declarations
6872		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6873			WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6874			     "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6875		}
6876
6877# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6878		if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6879			my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6880			$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6881			if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6882				if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6883					 "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6884				    $fix) {
6885					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6886				}
6887			}
6888		}
6889
6890# check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6891		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6892		    defined $stat &&
6893		    $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6894		    $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6895			my $stat_real;
6896
6897			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6898			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6899		        for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6900				my $specifier;
6901				my $extension;
6902				my $qualifier;
6903				my $bad_specifier = "";
6904				my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6905				$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6906
6907				while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6908					$specifier = $1;
6909					$extension = $2;
6910					$qualifier = $3;
6911					if ($extension !~ /[4SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6912					    ($extension eq "f" &&
6913					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
6914					    ($extension eq "4" &&
6915					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
6916						$bad_specifier = $specifier;
6917						last;
6918					}
6919					if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6920						if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6921							$stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6922						}
6923						WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6924						     "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6925					}
6926				}
6927				if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6928					my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6929					my $msg_level = \&WARN;
6930					my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6931					my $use = "";
6932					if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6933						$use = " - use %pS instead";
6934						$use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6935					} elsif ($bad_specifier =~ /pA/) {
6936						$use =  " - '%pA' is only intended to be used from Rust code";
6937						$msg_level = \&ERROR;
6938					}
6939
6940					&{$msg_level}("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6941						      "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6942				}
6943			}
6944		}
6945
6946# Check for misused memsets
6947		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6948		    defined $stat &&
6949		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6950
6951			my $ms_addr = $2;
6952			my $ms_val = $7;
6953			my $ms_size = $12;
6954
6955			if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6956				ERROR("MEMSET",
6957				      "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6958			} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6959				WARN("MEMSET",
6960				     "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6961			}
6962		}
6963
6964# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6965#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6966#		    defined $stat &&
6967#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6968#			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6969#				 "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6970#			    $fix) {
6971#				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6972#			}
6973#		}
6974
6975# Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6976#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6977#		    defined $stat &&
6978#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6979#			WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6980#			     "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6981#		}
6982
6983# check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6984# check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6985#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6986#		    defined $stat &&
6987#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6988#
6989#			my $ms_val = $7;
6990#
6991#			if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6992#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6993#					 "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6994#				    $fix) {
6995#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6996#				}
6997#			} elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6998#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6999#					 "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
7000#				    $fix) {
7001#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
7002#				}
7003#			}
7004#		}
7005
7006# strcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
7007		if ($line =~ /\bstrcpy\s*\(/) {
7008			WARN("STRCPY",
7009			     "Prefer strscpy over strcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/88\n" . $herecurr);
7010		}
7011
7012# strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
7013		if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
7014			WARN("STRLCPY",
7015			     "Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/89\n" . $herecurr);
7016		}
7017
7018# strncpy uses that should likely be strscpy or strscpy_pad
7019		if ($line =~ /\bstrncpy\s*\(/) {
7020			WARN("STRNCPY",
7021			     "Prefer strscpy, strscpy_pad, or __nonstring over strncpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/90\n" . $herecurr);
7022		}
7023
7024# ethtool_sprintf uses that should likely be ethtool_puts
7025		if ($line =~ /\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7026			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHTOOL_PUTS",
7027				 "Prefer ethtool_puts over ethtool_sprintf with only two arguments\n" . $herecurr) &&
7028			    $fix) {
7029				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)/ethtool_puts($1, $7)/;
7030			}
7031		}
7032
7033		# use $rawline because $line loses %s via sanitization and thus we can't match against it.
7034		if ($rawline =~ /\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*\"\%s\"\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7035			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHTOOL_PUTS",
7036				 "Prefer ethtool_puts over ethtool_sprintf with standalone \"%s\" specifier\n" . $herecurr) &&
7037			    $fix) {
7038				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*"\%s"\s*,\s*($FuncArg)/ethtool_puts($1, $7)/;
7039			}
7040		}
7041
7042
7043# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
7044		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7045		    defined $stat &&
7046		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7047			if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
7048				my $call = $1;
7049				my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
7050				my $arg1 = $3;
7051				my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
7052				my $arg2 = $8;
7053				my $cast;
7054
7055				if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
7056					$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
7057				} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
7058					$cast = $cast1;
7059				} else {
7060					$cast = $cast2;
7061				}
7062				WARN("MINMAX",
7063				     "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7064			}
7065		}
7066
7067# check usleep_range arguments
7068		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7069		    defined $stat &&
7070		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
7071			my $min = $1;
7072			my $max = $7;
7073			if ($min eq $max) {
7074				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
7075				     "usleep_range should not use min == max args;  see function description of usleep_range().\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7076			} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
7077				 $min > $max) {
7078				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
7079				     "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max;  see function description of usleep_range().\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7080			}
7081		}
7082
7083# check for naked sscanf
7084		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7085		    defined $stat &&
7086		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
7087		    ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
7088		     $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
7089		     $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
7090			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7091			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7092			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7093			WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
7094			     "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
7095		}
7096
7097# check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
7098		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7099		    defined $stat &&
7100		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
7101			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7102			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7103			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7104			if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
7105				my $format = $6;
7106				my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
7107				if ($count == 1 &&
7108				    $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
7109					WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
7110					     "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
7111				}
7112			}
7113		}
7114
7115# check for new externs in .h files.
7116		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
7117		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
7118			if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7119				"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
7120			    $fix) {
7121				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
7122			}
7123		}
7124
7125# check for new externs in .c files.
7126		if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7127		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
7128		{
7129			my $function_name = $1;
7130			my $paren_space = $2;
7131
7132			my $s = $stat;
7133			if (defined $cond) {
7134				substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
7135			}
7136			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/)
7137			{
7138				WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7139				     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7140			}
7141
7142			if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
7143				WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7144				     "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
7145			}
7146
7147		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7148		    $stat =~ /^\+extern struct\s+(\w+)\s+(\w+)\[\];/)
7149		{
7150			my ($st_type, $st_name) = ($1, $2);
7151
7152			for my $s (keys %maybe_linker_symbol) {
7153			    #print "Linker symbol? $st_name : $s\n";
7154			    goto LIKELY_LINKER_SYMBOL
7155				if $st_name =~ /$s/;
7156			}
7157			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7158			     "found a file-scoped extern type:$st_type name:$st_name in .c file\n"
7159			     . "is this a linker symbol ?\n" . $herecurr);
7160		  LIKELY_LINKER_SYMBOL:
7161
7162		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7163		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
7164		{
7165			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7166			     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7167		}
7168
7169# check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
7170		if (defined $stat &&
7171		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
7172		    $1 ne "void") {
7173			my $args = trim($1);
7174			while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
7175				my $arg = trim($1);
7176				if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
7177					WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7178					     "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
7179				}
7180			}
7181		}
7182
7183# check for function definitions
7184		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7185		    defined $stat &&
7186		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
7187			$context_function = $1;
7188
7189# check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
7190			my $ok = 0;
7191			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7192			my $herectx = $here . "\n";
7193			for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
7194				my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
7195				$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
7196				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
7197				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
7198				last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
7199			}
7200			if (!$ok) {
7201				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
7202				      "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
7203			}
7204		}
7205
7206# checks for new __setup's
7207		if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
7208			my $name = $1;
7209
7210			if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
7211				CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
7212				    "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
7213			}
7214		}
7215
7216# check for pointless casting of alloc functions
7217		if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
7218			WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
7219			     "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
7220		}
7221
7222# alloc style
7223# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
7224		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7225		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
7226			CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
7227			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
7228		}
7229
7230# check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kvmalloc_array/kvcalloc/kcalloc
7231		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7232		    defined $stat &&
7233		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
7234			my $oldfunc = $3;
7235			my $a1 = $4;
7236			my $a2 = $10;
7237			my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
7238			$newfunc = "kvmalloc_array" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
7239			$newfunc = "kvcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
7240			$newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
7241			my $r1 = $a1;
7242			my $r2 = $a2;
7243			if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
7244				$r1 = $a2;
7245				$r2 = $a1;
7246			}
7247			if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
7248			    !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
7249				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7250				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7251
7252				if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
7253					 "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
7254				    $cnt == 1 &&
7255				    $fix) {
7256					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
7257				}
7258			}
7259		}
7260
7261# check for krealloc arg reuse
7262		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7263		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
7264		    $1 eq $3) {
7265			WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
7266			     "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
7267		}
7268
7269# check for alloc argument mismatch
7270		if ($line =~ /\b((?:devm_)?((?:k|kv)?(calloc|malloc_array)(?:_node)?))\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
7271			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
7272			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
7273		}
7274
7275# check for multiple semicolons
7276		if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
7277			if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
7278				 "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
7279			    $fix) {
7280				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
7281			}
7282		}
7283
7284# check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
7285		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
7286		    $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
7287			my $ull = "";
7288			$ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
7289			if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
7290				"Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
7291			    $fix) {
7292				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
7293			}
7294		}
7295
7296# check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
7297		if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
7298			WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
7299			     "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
7300		}
7301
7302# check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
7303		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
7304			my $config = $1;
7305			if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
7306				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
7307			    $fix) {
7308				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
7309			}
7310		}
7311
7312# check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
7313		my @fallthroughs = (
7314			'fallthrough',
7315			'@fallthrough@',
7316			'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
7317			'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
7318			'(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7319			'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7320			'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7321		    );
7322		if ($raw_comment ne '') {
7323			foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
7324				if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
7325					my $msg_level = \&WARN;
7326					$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
7327					&{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
7328						      "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
7329					last;
7330				}
7331			}
7332		}
7333
7334# check for switch/default statements without a break;
7335		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7336		    defined $stat &&
7337		    $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
7338			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7339			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7340
7341			WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
7342			     "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
7343		}
7344
7345# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
7346		if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
7347			if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
7348				 "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
7349			    $fix) {
7350				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
7351			}
7352		}
7353
7354# check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
7355		while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
7356			ERROR("DATE_TIME",
7357			      "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
7358		}
7359
7360# check for use of yield()
7361		if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
7362			WARN("YIELD",
7363			     "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
7364		}
7365
7366# check for comparisons against true and false
7367		if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
7368			my $lead = $1;
7369			my $arg = $2;
7370			my $test = $3;
7371			my $otype = $4;
7372			my $trail = $5;
7373			my $op = "!";
7374
7375			($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
7376
7377			my $type = lc($otype);
7378			if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
7379				if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
7380				    ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
7381					$op = "";
7382				}
7383
7384				CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
7385				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
7386
7387## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
7388##				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
7389
7390			}
7391		}
7392
7393# check for semaphores initialized locked
7394		if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
7395			WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
7396			     "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
7397		}
7398
7399# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
7400		if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
7401			WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
7402			     "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
7403		}
7404
7405# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
7406		if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
7407			WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
7408			     "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
7409		}
7410
7411# check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
7412		if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
7413			WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
7414			     "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
7415		}
7416
7417# check for deprecated apis
7418		if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
7419			my $deprecated_api = $1;
7420			my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
7421			WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
7422			     "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
7423		}
7424
7425# check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
7426# and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
7427		if (defined($const_structs) &&
7428		    $line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
7429		    $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
7430			WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
7431			     "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
7432		}
7433
7434# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
7435# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
7436# ignore designated initializers using NR_CPUS
7437		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7438		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7439		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7440		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7441		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7442		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/ &&
7443		    $line !~ /^.\s*\.\w+\s*=\s*.*\bNR_CPUS\b/)
7444		{
7445			WARN("NR_CPUS",
7446			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
7447		}
7448
7449# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
7450		if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
7451			ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
7452			      "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
7453		}
7454
7455# likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
7456		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7457		    $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
7458			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7459			     "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
7460		}
7461
7462# return sysfs_emit(foo, fmt, ...) fmt without newline
7463		if ($line =~ /\breturn\s+sysfs_emit\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*($String)/ &&
7464		    substr($rawline, $-[6], $+[6] - $-[6]) !~ /\\n"$/) {
7465			my $offset = $+[6] - 1;
7466			if (WARN("SYSFS_EMIT",
7467				 "return sysfs_emit(...) formats should include a terminating newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
7468			    $fix) {
7469				substr($fixed[$fixlinenr], $offset, 0) = '\\n';
7470			}
7471		}
7472
7473# check for array definition/declarations that should use flexible arrays instead
7474		if ($sline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*\}(?:\s*__packed)?\s*;\s*$/ &&
7475		    $prevline =~ /^\+\s*(?:\}(?:\s*__packed\s*)?|$Type)\s*$Ident\s*\[\s*(0|1)\s*\]\s*;\s*$/) {
7476			if (ERROR("FLEXIBLE_ARRAY",
7477				  "Use C99 flexible arrays - see https://docs.kernel.org/process/deprecated.html#zero-length-and-one-element-arrays\n" . $hereprev) &&
7478			    $1 == '0' && $fix) {
7479				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\[\s*0\s*\]/[]/;
7480			}
7481		}
7482
7483# nested likely/unlikely calls
7484		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
7485			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7486			     "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
7487		}
7488
7489# whine mightly about in_atomic
7490		if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
7491			if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
7492				ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
7493				      "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
7494			} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
7495				WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
7496				     "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
7497			}
7498		}
7499
7500# Complain about RCU Tasks Trace used outside of BPF (and of course, RCU).
7501		our $rcu_trace_funcs = qr{(?x:
7502			rcu_read_lock_trace |
7503			rcu_read_lock_trace_held |
7504			rcu_read_unlock_trace |
7505			call_rcu_tasks_trace |
7506			synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace |
7507			rcu_barrier_tasks_trace |
7508			rcu_request_urgent_qs_task
7509		)};
7510		our $rcu_trace_paths = qr{(?x:
7511			kernel/bpf/ |
7512			include/linux/bpf |
7513			net/bpf/ |
7514			kernel/rcu/ |
7515			include/linux/rcu
7516		)};
7517		if ($line =~ /\b($rcu_trace_funcs)\s*\(/) {
7518			if ($realfile !~ m{^$rcu_trace_paths}) {
7519				WARN("RCU_TASKS_TRACE",
7520				     "use of RCU tasks trace is incorrect outside BPF or core RCU code\n" . $herecurr);
7521			}
7522		}
7523
7524# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
7525		if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
7526		    $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
7527			if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
7528			    $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
7529			    $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
7530				ERROR("LOCKDEP",
7531				      "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
7532			}
7533		}
7534
7535		if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
7536		    $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
7537			WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7538			     "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
7539		}
7540
7541# check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
7542# and whether or not function naming is typical and if
7543# DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
7544		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7545		    defined $stat &&
7546		    $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
7547			my $var = $1;
7548			my $perms = $2;
7549			my $show = $3;
7550			my $store = $4;
7551			my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
7552			if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7553			    $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7554			    $octal_perms eq "0644") {
7555				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
7556					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
7557				    $fix) {
7558					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
7559				}
7560			} elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7561				 $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7562				 $octal_perms eq "0444") {
7563				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
7564					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7565				    $fix) {
7566					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
7567				}
7568			} elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7569				 $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7570				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7571				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
7572					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7573				    $fix) {
7574					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
7575				}
7576			} elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
7577				 $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
7578				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7579				my $newshow = "$show";
7580				$newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
7581				my $newstore = $store;
7582				$newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
7583				my $rename = "";
7584				if ($show ne $newshow) {
7585					$rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
7586				}
7587				if ($store ne $newstore) {
7588					$rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
7589				}
7590				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
7591				     "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
7592			} else {
7593				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
7594				     "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
7595			}
7596		}
7597
7598# Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
7599# This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
7600# o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
7601#   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
7602# o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
7603#   use the default permissions
7604		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7605		    defined $stat &&
7606		    $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
7607			foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
7608				my $func = $entry->[0];
7609				my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
7610
7611				my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7612				$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7613				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7614
7615				my $skip_args = "";
7616				if ($arg_pos > 1) {
7617					$arg_pos--;
7618					$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
7619				}
7620				my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
7621				if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
7622					my $val = $1;
7623					$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
7624					if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
7625					    (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
7626					     ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
7627						ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
7628						      "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7629					}
7630					if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
7631						ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7632						      "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7633					}
7634				}
7635			}
7636		}
7637
7638# check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
7639		while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
7640			my $oval = $1;
7641			my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
7642			if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
7643				 "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
7644			    $fix) {
7645				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
7646			}
7647		}
7648
7649# validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
7650		if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
7651			my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
7652			my $valid_licenses = qr{
7653						GPL|
7654						GPL\ v2|
7655						GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
7656						Dual\ BSD/GPL|
7657						Dual\ MIT/GPL|
7658						Dual\ MPL/GPL|
7659						Proprietary
7660					}x;
7661			if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
7662				WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7663				     "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
7664			}
7665			if (!$file && $extracted_string eq '"GPL v2"') {
7666				if (WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7667				     "Prefer \"GPL\" over \"GPL v2\" - see commit bf7fbeeae6db (\"module: Cure the MODULE_LICENSE \"GPL\" vs. \"GPL v2\" bogosity\")\n" . $herecurr) &&
7668				    $fix) {
7669					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*"GPL v2"\s*\)/MODULE_LICENSE("GPL")/;
7670				}
7671			}
7672		}
7673
7674# check for sysctl duplicate constants
7675		if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
7676			WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
7677				"duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
7678		}
7679	}
7680
7681	# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
7682	# so just keep quiet.
7683	if ($#rawlines == -1) {
7684		exit(0);
7685	}
7686
7687	# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
7688	# things that appear to be patches.
7689	if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
7690		exit(0);
7691	}
7692
7693	# This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
7694	# just keep quiet.
7695	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
7696		exit(0);
7697	}
7698
7699	if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
7700		ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
7701		      "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
7702	}
7703	if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_fixes_tag) {
7704		if ($needs_fixes_tag ne "" && !$is_revert && !$fixes_tag) {
7705			WARN("MISSING_FIXES_TAG",
7706				 "The commit message has '$needs_fixes_tag', perhaps it also needs a 'Fixes:' tag?\n");
7707		}
7708	}
7709	if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
7710		if ($signoff == 0) {
7711			ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
7712			      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
7713		} elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
7714			# authorsignoff values:
7715			# 0 -> missing sign off
7716			# 1 -> sign off identical
7717			# 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
7718			# 3 -> addresses match, names different
7719			# 4 -> names match, addresses different
7720			# 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
7721
7722			my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
7723
7724			if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
7725				ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
7726				      "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
7727			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
7728				CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7729				    "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7730			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
7731				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7732				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7733			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
7734				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7735				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7736			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
7737				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7738				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7739			}
7740		}
7741	}
7742
7743	print report_dump();
7744	if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
7745		print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
7746		print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
7747			(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
7748			"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
7749	}
7750
7751	if ($quiet == 0) {
7752		# If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
7753		if (!$clean and !$fix) {
7754			print << "EOM"
7755
7756NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
7757      mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
7758EOM
7759		}
7760		# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
7761		# then suggest that.
7762		if ($rpt_cleaners) {
7763			$rpt_cleaners = 0;
7764			print << "EOM"
7765
7766NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
7767      You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
7768EOM
7769		}
7770	}
7771
7772	if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
7773	    ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
7774	     $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
7775		my $newfile = $filename;
7776		$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
7777		my $linecount = 0;
7778		my $f;
7779
7780		@fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
7781
7782		open($f, '>', $newfile)
7783		    or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
7784		foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
7785			$linecount++;
7786			if ($file) {
7787				if ($linecount > 3) {
7788					$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
7789					print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7790				}
7791			} else {
7792				print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7793			}
7794		}
7795		close($f);
7796
7797		if (!$quiet) {
7798			print << "EOM";
7799
7800Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
7801
7802Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
7803Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
7804
7805This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
7806No warranties, expressed or implied...
7807EOM
7808		}
7809	}
7810
7811	if ($quiet == 0) {
7812		print "\n";
7813		if ($clean == 1) {
7814			print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
7815		} else {
7816			print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
7817		}
7818	}
7819	return $clean;
7820}
v6.8
   1#!/usr/bin/env perl
   2# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3#
   4# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5# (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6# (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7# (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8# (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10use strict;
  11use warnings;
  12use POSIX;
  13use File::Basename;
  14use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18my $P = $0;
  19my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25my $quiet = 0;
  26my $verbose = 0;
  27my %verbose_messages = ();
  28my %verbose_emitted = ();
  29my $tree = 1;
  30my $chk_signoff = 1;
 
  31my $chk_patch = 1;
  32my $tst_only;
  33my $emacs = 0;
  34my $terse = 0;
  35my $showfile = 0;
  36my $file = 0;
  37my $git = 0;
  38my %git_commits = ();
  39my $check = 0;
  40my $check_orig = 0;
  41my $summary = 1;
  42my $mailback = 0;
  43my $summary_file = 0;
  44my $show_types = 0;
  45my $list_types = 0;
  46my $fix = 0;
  47my $fix_inplace = 0;
  48my $root;
  49my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
  50$gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
  51my %debug;
  52my %camelcase = ();
  53my %use_type = ();
  54my @use = ();
  55my %ignore_type = ();
  56my @ignore = ();
  57my $help = 0;
  58my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  59my $max_line_length = 100;
  60my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  61my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  62my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  63my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  64my $codespell = 0;
  65my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  66my $user_codespellfile = "";
  67my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  68my $docsfile = "$D/../Documentation/dev-tools/checkpatch.rst";
  69my $typedefsfile;
  70my $color = "auto";
  71my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  72# git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  73my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  74my $tabsize = 8;
  75my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
  76
  77my %maybe_linker_symbol; # for externs in c exceptions, when seen in *vmlinux.lds.h
  78
  79sub help {
  80	my ($exitcode) = @_;
  81
  82	print << "EOM";
  83Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  84Version: $V
  85
  86Options:
  87  -q, --quiet                quiet
  88  -v, --verbose              verbose mode
  89  --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  90  --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
 
  91  --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  92  --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  93  --terse                    one line per report
  94  --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  95  -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  96                             single git commit with:
  97                               <rev>
  98                               <rev>^
  99                               <rev>~n
 100                             multiple git commits with:
 101                               <rev1>..<rev2>
 102                               <rev1>...<rev2>
 103                               <rev>-<count>
 104                             git merges are ignored
 105  -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
 106  --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
 107  --list-types               list the possible message types
 108  --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
 109  --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
 110  --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 111  --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
 112                             if exceeded, warn on patches
 113                             requires --strict for use with --file
 114  --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 115  --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
 116  --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 117  --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 118  --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 119  --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 120  --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 121                             'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 122                             is all off)
 123  --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 124                             literally
 125  --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 126                             If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 127                             "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 128                             with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 129                             checkpatch style
 130  --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 131                             Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 132                             file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 133  --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 134                             runtime errors.
 135  --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 136                             (default:$codespellfile)
 137  --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 138  --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 139  --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 140                             is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 141  --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
 142                             ${CONFIG_})
 143  -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 144
 145When FILE is - read standard input.
 146EOM
 147
 148	exit($exitcode);
 149}
 150
 151sub uniq {
 152	my %seen;
 153	return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 154}
 155
 156sub list_types {
 157	my ($exitcode) = @_;
 158
 159	my $count = 0;
 160
 161	local $/ = undef;
 162
 163	open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 164	    die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 165
 166	my $text = <$script>;
 167	close($script);
 168
 169	my %types = ();
 170	# Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 171	while ($text =~ /(?:(\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 172		if (defined($1)) {
 173			if (exists($types{$2})) {
 174				$types{$2} .= ",$1" if ($types{$2} ne $1);
 175			} else {
 176				$types{$2} = $1;
 177			}
 178		} else {
 179			$types{$2} = "UNDETERMINED";
 180		}
 181	}
 182
 183	print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 184	if ($color) {
 185		print(" ( Color coding: ");
 186		print(RED . "ERROR" . RESET);
 187		print(" | ");
 188		print(YELLOW . "WARNING" . RESET);
 189		print(" | ");
 190		print(GREEN . "CHECK" . RESET);
 191		print(" | ");
 192		print("Multiple levels / Undetermined");
 193		print(" )\n\n");
 194	}
 195
 196	foreach my $type (sort keys %types) {
 197		my $orig_type = $type;
 198		if ($color) {
 199			my $level = $types{$type};
 200			if ($level eq "ERROR") {
 201				$type = RED . $type . RESET;
 202			} elsif ($level eq "WARN") {
 203				$type = YELLOW . $type . RESET;
 204			} elsif ($level eq "CHK") {
 205				$type = GREEN . $type . RESET;
 206			}
 207		}
 208		print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 209		if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$orig_type})) {
 210			my $message = $verbose_messages{$orig_type};
 211			$message =~ s/\n/\n\t/g;
 212			print("\t" . $message . "\n\n");
 213		}
 214	}
 215
 216	exit($exitcode);
 217}
 218
 219my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 220if (-f $conf) {
 221	my @conf_args;
 222	open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 223	    or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 224
 225	while (<$conffile>) {
 226		my $line = $_;
 227
 228		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 229		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 230		$line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 231
 232		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 233		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 234
 235		my @words = split(" ", $line);
 236		foreach my $word (@words) {
 237			last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 238			push (@conf_args, $word);
 239		}
 240	}
 241	close($conffile);
 242	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 243}
 244
 245sub load_docs {
 246	open(my $docs, '<', "$docsfile")
 247	    or warn "$P: Can't read the documentation file $docsfile $!\n";
 248
 249	my $type = '';
 250	my $desc = '';
 251	my $in_desc = 0;
 252
 253	while (<$docs>) {
 254		chomp;
 255		my $line = $_;
 256		$line =~ s/\s+$//;
 257
 258		if ($line =~ /^\s*\*\*(.+)\*\*$/) {
 259			if ($desc ne '') {
 260				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 261			}
 262			$type = $1;
 263			$desc = '';
 264			$in_desc = 1;
 265		} elsif ($in_desc) {
 266			if ($line =~ /^(?:\s{4,}|$)/) {
 267				$line =~ s/^\s{4}//;
 268				$desc .= $line;
 269				$desc .= "\n";
 270			} else {
 271				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 272				$type = '';
 273				$desc = '';
 274				$in_desc = 0;
 275			}
 276		}
 277	}
 278
 279	if ($desc ne '') {
 280		$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 281	}
 282	close($docs);
 283}
 284
 285# Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 286# Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 287foreach (@ARGV) {
 288	if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 289		$_ = "--color=$color";
 290	}
 291}
 292
 293GetOptions(
 294	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
 295	'v|verbose!'	=> \$verbose,
 296	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
 297	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
 
 298	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
 299	'emacs!'	=> \$emacs,
 300	'terse!'	=> \$terse,
 301	'showfile!'	=> \$showfile,
 302	'f|file!'	=> \$file,
 303	'g|git!'	=> \$git,
 304	'subjective!'	=> \$check,
 305	'strict!'	=> \$check,
 306	'ignore=s'	=> \@ignore,
 307	'types=s'	=> \@use,
 308	'show-types!'	=> \$show_types,
 309	'list-types!'	=> \$list_types,
 310	'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 311	'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 312	'tab-size=i'	=> \$tabsize,
 313	'root=s'	=> \$root,
 314	'summary!'	=> \$summary,
 315	'mailback!'	=> \$mailback,
 316	'summary-file!'	=> \$summary_file,
 317	'fix!'		=> \$fix,
 318	'fix-inplace!'	=> \$fix_inplace,
 319	'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 320	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
 321	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
 322	'codespell!'	=> \$codespell,
 323	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$user_codespellfile,
 324	'typedefsfile=s'	=> \$typedefsfile,
 325	'color=s'	=> \$color,
 326	'no-color'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 327	'nocolor'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 328	'kconfig-prefix=s'	=> \${CONFIG_},
 329	'h|help'	=> \$help,
 330	'version'	=> \$help
 331) or $help = 2;
 332
 333if ($user_codespellfile) {
 334	# Use the user provided codespell file unconditionally
 335	$codespellfile = $user_codespellfile;
 336} elsif (!(-f $codespellfile)) {
 337	# If /usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt is not present, try to find it
 338	# under codespell's install directory: <codespell_root>/data/dictionary.txt
 339	if (($codespell || $help) && which("python3") ne "") {
 340		my $python_codespell_dict = << "EOF";
 341
 342import os.path as op
 343import codespell_lib
 344codespell_dir = op.dirname(codespell_lib.__file__)
 345codespell_file = op.join(codespell_dir, 'data', 'dictionary.txt')
 346print(codespell_file, end='')
 347EOF
 348
 349		my $codespell_dict = `python3 -c "$python_codespell_dict" 2> /dev/null`;
 350		$codespellfile = $codespell_dict if (-f $codespell_dict);
 351	}
 352}
 353
 354# $help is 1 if either -h, --help or --version is passed as option - exitcode: 0
 355# $help is 2 if invalid option is passed - exitcode: 1
 356help($help - 1) if ($help);
 357
 358die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
 359die "$P: --verbose cannot be used with --terse\n" if ($verbose && $terse);
 360
 361if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 362	$color = !$color;
 363} elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 364	$color = 1;
 365} elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 366	$color = 0;
 367} elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 368	$color = (-t STDOUT);
 369} else {
 370	die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 371}
 372
 373load_docs() if ($verbose);
 374list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 375
 376$fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 377$check_orig = $check;
 378
 379my $exit = 0;
 380
 381my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 382if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 383	$perl_version_ok = 0;
 384	printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 385	exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 386}
 387
 388#if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 389if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 390	push(@ARGV, '-');
 391}
 392
 393# skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 394die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 395
 396sub hash_save_array_words {
 397	my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 398
 399	my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 400	foreach my $word (@array) {
 401		$word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 402		$word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 403		$word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 404		$word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 405
 406		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 407		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 408
 409		$hashRef->{$word}++;
 410	}
 411}
 412
 413sub hash_show_words {
 414	my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 415
 416	if (keys %$hashRef) {
 417		print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 418		foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 419			print " $word";
 420		}
 421		print "\n";
 422	}
 423}
 424
 425hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 426hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 427
 428my $dbg_values = 0;
 429my $dbg_possible = 0;
 430my $dbg_type = 0;
 431my $dbg_attr = 0;
 432for my $key (keys %debug) {
 433	## no critic
 434	eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 435	die "$@" if ($@);
 436}
 437
 438my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 439
 440if ($terse) {
 441	$emacs = 1;
 442	$quiet++;
 443}
 444
 445if ($tree) {
 446	if (defined $root) {
 447		if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 448			die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 449		}
 450	} else {
 451		if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 452			$root = '.';
 453		} elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 454						top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 455			$root = $1;
 456		}
 457	}
 458
 459	if (!defined $root) {
 460		print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 461		exit(2);
 462	}
 463}
 464
 465my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 466
 467our $Ident	= qr{
 468			[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 469			(?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 470		}x;
 471our $Storage	= qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 472our $Sparse	= qr{
 473			__user|
 474			__kernel|
 475			__force|
 476			__iomem|
 477			__must_check|
 478			__kprobes|
 479			__ref|
 480			__refconst|
 481			__refdata|
 482			__rcu|
 483			__private
 484		}x;
 485our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 486our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 487our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 488our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 489our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 490
 491# Notes to $Attribute:
 492# We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 493our $Attribute	= qr{
 494			const|
 495			volatile|
 496			__percpu|
 497			__nocast|
 498			__safe|
 499			__bitwise|
 500			__packed__|
 501			__packed2__|
 502			__naked|
 503			__maybe_unused|
 504			__always_unused|
 505			__noreturn|
 506			__used|
 507			__cold|
 508			__pure|
 509			__noclone|
 510			__deprecated|
 511			__read_mostly|
 512			__ro_after_init|
 513			__kprobes|
 514			$InitAttribute|
 515			__aligned\s*\(.*\)|
 516			____cacheline_aligned|
 517			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 518			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 519			__weak|
 520			__alloc_size\s*\(\s*\d+\s*(?:,\s*\d+\s*)?\)
 521		  }x;
 522our $Modifier;
 523our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 524our $Member	= qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 525our $Lval	= qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 526
 527our $Int_type	= qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 528our $Binary	= qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 529our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 530our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 531our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 532our $String	= qr{(?:\b[Lu])?"[X\t]*"};
 533our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 534our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 535our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 536our $Float	= qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 537our $Constant	= qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 538our $Assignment	= qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 539our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 540our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 541our $Operators	= qr{
 542			<=|>=|==|!=|
 543			=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 544			&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 545		  }x;
 546
 547our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 548
 549our $BasicType;
 550our $NonptrType;
 551our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 552our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 553our $Type;
 554our $TypeMisordered;
 555our $Declare;
 556our $DeclareMisordered;
 557
 558our $NON_ASCII_UTF8	= qr{
 559	[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 560	|  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 561	| [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 562	|  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 563	|  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 564	| [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 565	|  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 566}x;
 567
 568our $UTF8	= qr{
 569	[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 570	| $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 571}x;
 572
 573our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 574our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 575	u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 576	u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 577)};
 578our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 579	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 580	atomic_t
 581)};
 582our $typeStdioTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 583	FILE
 584)};
 585our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 586	$typeC99Typedefs\b|
 587	$typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 588	$typeKernelTypedefs\b|
 589	$typeStdioTypedefs\b
 590)};
 591
 592our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 593
 594our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 595	printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 596	(?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 597	TP_printk|
 598	WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 599	panic|
 600	MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 601	seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 602)};
 603
 604our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 605	(?:(?:devm_)?
 606		(?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_array)?(?:_node)? |
 607		kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 608		kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 609	(?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
 610				# dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 611	dma_alloc_coherent
 612)};
 613
 614our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 615	Signed-off-by:|
 616	Co-developed-by:|
 617	Acked-by:|
 618	Tested-by:|
 619	Reviewed-by:|
 620	Reported-by:|
 621	Suggested-by:|
 622	To:|
 623	Cc:
 624)};
 625
 626our @link_tags = qw(Link Closes);
 627
 628#Create a search and print patterns for all these strings to be used directly below
 629our $link_tags_search = "";
 630our $link_tags_print = "";
 631foreach my $entry (@link_tags) {
 632	if ($link_tags_search ne "") {
 633		$link_tags_search .= '|';
 634		$link_tags_print .= ' or ';
 635	}
 636	$entry .= ':';
 637	$link_tags_search .= $entry;
 638	$link_tags_print .= "'$entry'";
 639}
 640$link_tags_search = "(?:${link_tags_search})";
 641
 642our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
 643	[=-]*> |
 644	<[=-]* |
 645	\[ |
 646	\] |
 647	start |
 648	called |
 649	entered |
 650	entry |
 651	enter |
 652	in |
 653	inside |
 654	here |
 655	begin |
 656	exit |
 657	end |
 658	done |
 659	leave |
 660	completed |
 661	out |
 662	return |
 663	[\.\!:\s]*
 664)};
 665
 666sub edit_distance_min {
 667	my (@arr) = @_;
 668	my $len = scalar @arr;
 669	if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
 670		# if underflow, return
 671		return;
 672	}
 673	my $min = $arr[0];
 674	for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
 675		if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
 676			$min = $arr[$i];
 677		}
 678	}
 679	return $min;
 680}
 681
 682sub get_edit_distance {
 683	my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
 684	$str1 = lc($str1);
 685	$str2 = lc($str2);
 686	$str1 =~ s/-//g;
 687	$str2 =~ s/-//g;
 688	my $len1 = length($str1);
 689	my $len2 = length($str2);
 690	# two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
 691	my @distance;
 692	for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
 693		for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
 694			if ($i == 0) {
 695				$distance[$i][$j] = $j;
 696			} elsif ($j == 0) {
 697				$distance[$i][$j] = $i;
 698			} elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
 699				$distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
 700			} else {
 701				my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
 702				my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
 703				my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
 704				$distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
 705			}
 706		}
 707	}
 708	return $distance[$len1][$len2];
 709}
 710
 711sub find_standard_signature {
 712	my ($sign_off) = @_;
 713	my @standard_signature_tags = (
 714		'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
 715		'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
 716	);
 717	foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
 718		return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
 719	}
 720
 721	return "";
 722}
 723
 724our $obsolete_archives = qr{(?xi:
 725	\Qfreedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel\E |
 726	\Qlists.infradead.org\E |
 727	\Qlkml.org\E |
 728	\Qmail-archive.com\E |
 729	\Qmailman.alsa-project.org/pipermail\E |
 730	\Qmarc.info\E |
 731	\Qozlabs.org/pipermail\E |
 732	\Qspinics.net\E
 733)};
 734
 735our @typeListMisordered = (
 736	qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 737	qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 738	qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 739	qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 740	qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 741	qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 742	qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 743	qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 744	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 745	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 746	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 747	qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 748	qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 749	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 750	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 751	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 752);
 753
 754our @typeList = (
 755	qr{void},
 756	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 757	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 758	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 759	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 760	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 761	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 762	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 763	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 764	qr{(?:un)?signed},
 765	qr{float},
 766	qr{double},
 767	qr{bool},
 768	qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 769	qr{union\s+$Ident},
 770	qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 771	qr{${Ident}_t},
 772	qr{${Ident}_handler},
 773	qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 774	@typeListMisordered,
 775);
 776
 777our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 778	long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 779	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 780	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 781	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 782	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 783	int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 784	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 785
 786	long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 787	long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 788	long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 789	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 790	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 791	int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 792	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 793
 794	int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 795	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 796)};
 797
 798our @typeListFile = ();
 799our @typeListWithAttr = (
 800	@typeList,
 801	qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 802	qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 803);
 804
 805our @modifierList = (
 806	qr{fastcall},
 807);
 808our @modifierListFile = ();
 809
 810our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 811	["module_param", 3],
 812	["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 813	["module_param_array_named", 5],
 814	["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 815	["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 816	["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 817	["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 818	["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 819	["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 820	["__ATTR", 2],
 821);
 822
 823my $word_pattern = '\b[A-Z]?[a-z]{2,}\b';
 824
 825#Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 826our $mode_perms_search = "";
 827foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 828	$mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 829	$mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 830}
 831$mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 832
 833our %deprecated_apis = (
 834	"synchronize_rcu_bh"			=> "synchronize_rcu",
 835	"synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"		=> "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 836	"call_rcu_bh"				=> "call_rcu",
 837	"rcu_barrier_bh"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 838	"synchronize_sched"			=> "synchronize_rcu",
 839	"synchronize_sched_expedited"		=> "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 840	"call_rcu_sched"			=> "call_rcu",
 841	"rcu_barrier_sched"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 842	"get_state_synchronize_sched"		=> "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 843	"cond_synchronize_sched"		=> "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 844	"kmap"					=> "kmap_local_page",
 845	"kunmap"				=> "kunmap_local",
 846	"kmap_atomic"				=> "kmap_local_page",
 847	"kunmap_atomic"				=> "kunmap_local",
 848);
 849
 850#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 851our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 852foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 853	$deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 854	$deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 855}
 856$deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 857
 858our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 859	S_IWUGO		|
 860	S_IWOTH		|
 861	S_IRWXUGO	|
 862	S_IALLUGO	|
 863	0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 864}x;
 865
 866our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 867	"S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 868	"S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 869	"S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 870	"S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 871	"S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 872	"S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 873	"S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 874	"S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 875	"S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 876	"S_IROTH" => 0004,
 877	"S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 878	"S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 879	"S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 880	"S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 881	"S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 882	"S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 883);
 884
 885#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 886our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 887foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 888	$mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 889	$mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 890}
 891our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 892our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 893	${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 894	(?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 895}x;
 896
 897sub perms_to_octal {
 898	my ($string) = @_;
 899
 900	return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 901
 902	my $val = "";
 903	my $oval = "";
 904	my $to = 0;
 905	my $curpos = 0;
 906	my $lastpos = 0;
 907	while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 908		$curpos = pos($string);
 909		my $match = $2;
 910		my $omatch = $1;
 911		last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 912		$lastpos = $curpos;
 913		$to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 914		$val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 915		$val .= $match;
 916		$oval .= $omatch;
 917	}
 918	$oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 919	$oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 920	return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 921}
 922
 923our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 924	irq|
 925	memory|
 926	time|
 927	reboot
 928)};
 929# memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 930
 931# Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 932my $misspellings;
 933my %spelling_fix;
 934
 935if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 936	while (<$spelling>) {
 937		my $line = $_;
 938
 939		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 940		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 941
 942		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 943		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 944
 945		my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 946
 947		$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 948	}
 949	close($spelling);
 950} else {
 951	warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 952}
 953
 954if ($codespell) {
 955	if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 956		while (<$spelling>) {
 957			my $line = $_;
 958
 959			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 960			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 961
 962			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 963			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 964			next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 965
 966			$line =~ s/,.*$//;
 967
 968			my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 969
 970			$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 971		}
 972		close($spelling);
 973	} else {
 974		warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 975	}
 976}
 977
 978$misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 979
 980sub read_words {
 981	my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 982
 983	if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 984		while (<$words>) {
 985			my $line = $_;
 986
 987			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 988			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 989
 990			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 991			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 992			if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 993				print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 994				next;
 995			}
 996
 997			$$wordsRef .= '|' if (defined $$wordsRef);
 998			$$wordsRef .= $line;
 999		}
1000		close($file);
1001		return 1;
1002	}
1003
1004	return 0;
1005}
1006
1007my $const_structs;
1008if (show_type("CONST_STRUCT")) {
1009	read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
1010	    or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
1011}
1012
1013if (defined($typedefsfile)) {
1014	my $typeOtherTypedefs;
1015	read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
1016	    or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
1017	$typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if (defined $typeOtherTypedefs);
1018}
1019
1020sub build_types {
1021	my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
1022	my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
1023	my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
1024	my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
1025	$Modifier	= qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
1026	$BasicType	= qr{
1027				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1028				(?:${all}\b)
1029		}x;
1030	$NonptrType	= qr{
1031			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1032			(?:
1033				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1034				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1035				(?:${all}\b)
1036			)
1037			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1038		  }x;
1039	$NonptrTypeMisordered	= qr{
1040			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1041			(?:
1042				(?:${Misordered}\b)
1043			)
1044			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1045		  }x;
1046	$NonptrTypeWithAttr	= qr{
1047			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1048			(?:
1049				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1050				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1051				(?:${allWithAttr}\b)
1052			)
1053			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1054		  }x;
1055	$Type	= qr{
1056			$NonptrType
1057			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1058			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1059		  }x;
1060	$TypeMisordered	= qr{
1061			$NonptrTypeMisordered
1062			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1063			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1064		  }x;
1065	$Declare	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
1066	$DeclareMisordered	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
1067}
1068build_types();
1069
1070our $Typecast	= qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
1071
1072# Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
1073# requires at least perl version v5.10.0
1074# Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
1075
1076our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
1077our $LvalOrFunc	= qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
1078our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
1079
1080our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
1081	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
1082	(?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
1083	(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(|
1084	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:XA_STATE|XA_STATE_ORDER)\s*\(
1085)};
1086
1087our %allow_repeated_words = (
1088	add => '',
1089	added => '',
1090	bad => '',
1091	be => '',
1092);
1093
1094sub deparenthesize {
1095	my ($string) = @_;
1096	return "" if (!defined($string));
1097
1098	while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
1099		$string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
1100		$string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
1101	}
1102
1103	$string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
1104
1105	return $string;
1106}
1107
1108sub seed_camelcase_file {
1109	my ($file) = @_;
1110
1111	return if (!(-f $file));
1112
1113	local $/;
1114
1115	open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
1116	    or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
1117	my $text = <$include_file>;
1118	close($include_file);
1119
1120	my @lines = split('\n', $text);
1121
1122	foreach my $line (@lines) {
1123		next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
1124		if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
1125			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1126		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
1127			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1128		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
1129			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1130		}
1131	}
1132}
1133
1134our %maintained_status = ();
1135
1136sub is_maintained_obsolete {
1137	my ($filename) = @_;
1138
1139	return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
1140
1141	if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
1142		$maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
1143	}
1144
1145	return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
1146}
1147
1148sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
1149	my ($license) = @_;
1150
1151	return 1 if (!$tree || which("python3") eq "" || !(-x "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1152
1153	my $root_path = abs_path($root);
1154	my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
1155	return 0 if ($status ne "");
1156	return 1;
1157}
1158
1159my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
1160sub seed_camelcase_includes {
1161	return if ($camelcase_seeded);
1162
1163	my $files;
1164	my $camelcase_cache = "";
1165	my @include_files = ();
1166
1167	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
1168
1169	if (-e "$gitroot") {
1170		my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
1171		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
1172		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
1173	} else {
1174		my $last_mod_date = 0;
1175		$files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
1176		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
1177		foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1178			my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
1179						   localtime((stat $file)[9]));
1180			$last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
1181		}
1182		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
1183	}
1184
1185	if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
1186		open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
1187		    or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1188		while (<$camelcase_file>) {
1189			chomp;
1190			$camelcase{$_} = 1;
1191		}
1192		close($camelcase_file);
1193
1194		return;
1195	}
1196
1197	if (-e "$gitroot") {
1198		$files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
1199		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
1200	}
1201
1202	foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1203		seed_camelcase_file($file);
1204	}
1205
1206	if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
1207		unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
1208		open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
1209		    or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1210		foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
1211			print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
1212		}
1213		close($camelcase_file);
1214	}
1215}
1216
1217sub git_is_single_file {
1218	my ($filename) = @_;
1219
1220	return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1221
1222	my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
1223	my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
1224	return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
1225}
1226
1227sub git_commit_info {
1228	my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
1229
1230	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1231
1232	my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
1233	$output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
1234	my @lines = split("\n", $output);
1235
1236	return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
1237
1238	if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
1239# Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
1240# all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
1241#
1242#		echo "checking commits $1..."
1243#		git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
1244#		while read line ; do
1245#		    git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
1246#		    echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
1247#		done
1248	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./ ||
1249		 $lines[0] =~ /^fatal: bad object $commit/) {
1250		$id = undef;
1251	} else {
1252		$id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
1253		$desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
1254	}
1255
1256	return ($id, $desc);
1257}
1258
1259$chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
 
1260
1261my @rawlines = ();
1262my @lines = ();
1263my @fixed = ();
1264my @fixed_inserted = ();
1265my @fixed_deleted = ();
1266my $fixlinenr = -1;
1267
1268# If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1269# For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1270die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
1271
1272if ($git) {
1273	my @commits = ();
1274	foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1275		my $git_range;
1276		if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1277			$git_range = "-$2 $1";
1278		} elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1279			$git_range = "$commit_expr";
1280		} else {
1281			$git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1282		}
1283		my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1284		foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1285			$line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1286			next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1287			my $sha1 = $1;
1288			my $subject = $2;
1289			unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1290			$git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1291		}
1292	}
1293	die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1294	@ARGV = @commits;
1295}
1296
1297my $vname;
1298$allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1299for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1300	my $FILE;
1301	my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
1302	my $oldfile = $file;
1303	$file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
1304	if ($git) {
1305		open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1306			die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1307	} elsif ($file) {
1308		open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1309			die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1310	} elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1311		open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1312	} else {
1313		open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1314			die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1315	}
1316	if ($filename eq '-') {
1317		$vname = 'Your patch';
1318	} elsif ($git) {
1319		$vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1320	} else {
1321		$vname = $filename;
1322	}
1323	while (<$FILE>) {
1324		chomp;
1325		push(@rawlines, $_);
1326		$vname = qq("$1") if ($filename eq '-' && $_ =~ m/^Subject:\s+(.+)/i);
1327	}
1328	close($FILE);
1329
1330	if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1331		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1332		print "$vname\n";
1333		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1334	}
1335
1336	if (!process($filename)) {
1337		$exit = 1;
1338	}
1339	@rawlines = ();
1340	@lines = ();
1341	@fixed = ();
1342	@fixed_inserted = ();
1343	@fixed_deleted = ();
1344	$fixlinenr = -1;
1345	@modifierListFile = ();
1346	@typeListFile = ();
1347	build_types();
1348	$file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
1349}
1350
1351if (!$quiet) {
1352	hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1353	hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1354
1355	if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1356		print << "EOM"
1357
1358NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1359      An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1360EOM
1361	}
1362	if ($exit) {
1363		print << "EOM"
1364
1365NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1366      them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1367EOM
1368	}
1369}
1370
1371exit($exit);
1372
1373sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1374	my ($root) = @_;
1375
1376	my @tree_check = (
1377		"COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1378		"README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1379		"fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1380	);
1381
1382	foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1383		if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1384			return 0;
1385		}
1386	}
1387	return 1;
1388}
1389
1390sub parse_email {
1391	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1392
1393	my $name = "";
1394	my $quoted = "";
1395	my $name_comment = "";
1396	my $address = "";
1397	my $comment = "";
1398
1399	if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1400		$name = $1;
1401		$address = $2;
1402		$comment = $3 if defined $3;
1403	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1404		$address = $1;
1405		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1406	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1407		$address = $1;
1408		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1409		$formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1410		$name = $formatted_email;
1411		$name = trim($name);
1412		$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1413		# If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1414		# leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1415		# leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1416		# is invalid. ie:
1417		#   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1418		#   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1419		if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1420			$name = "";
1421			$address = "";
1422			$comment = "";
1423		}
1424	}
1425
1426	# Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
1427	# "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
1428	if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
1429		$quoted = $1;
1430	}
1431	while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
1432		$name_comment .= trim($1);
1433	}
1434	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1435	$name = trim("$quoted $name");
1436
1437	$address = trim($address);
1438	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1439	$comment = trim($comment);
1440
1441	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1442		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1443		$name = "\"$name\"";
1444	}
1445
1446	return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1447}
1448
1449sub format_email {
1450	my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
1451
1452	my $formatted_email;
1453
1454	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1455	$address = trim($address);
1456	$address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
1457
1458	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1459		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1460		$name = "\"$name\"";
1461	}
1462
1463	$name_comment = trim($name_comment);
1464	$name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
1465	$comment = trim($comment);
1466	$comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
1467
1468	if ("$name" eq "") {
1469		$formatted_email = "$address";
1470	} else {
1471		$formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
1472	}
1473	$formatted_email .= "$comment";
1474	return $formatted_email;
1475}
1476
1477sub reformat_email {
1478	my ($email) = @_;
1479
1480	my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1481	return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
1482}
1483
1484sub same_email_addresses {
1485	my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1486
1487	my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1488	my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1489
1490	return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1491	       $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
1492	       $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
1493	       $comment1 eq $comment2;
1494}
1495
1496sub which {
1497	my ($bin) = @_;
1498
1499	foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1500		if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1501			return "$path/$bin";
1502		}
1503	}
1504
1505	return "";
1506}
1507
1508sub which_conf {
1509	my ($conf) = @_;
1510
1511	foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1512		if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1513			return "$path/$conf";
1514		}
1515	}
1516
1517	return "";
1518}
1519
1520sub expand_tabs {
1521	my ($str) = @_;
1522
1523	my $res = '';
1524	my $n = 0;
1525	for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1526		if ($c eq "\t") {
1527			$res .= ' ';
1528			$n++;
1529			for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1530				$res .= ' ';
1531			}
1532			next;
1533		}
1534		$res .= $c;
1535		$n++;
1536	}
1537
1538	return $res;
1539}
1540sub copy_spacing {
1541	(my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1542	return $res;
1543}
1544
1545sub line_stats {
1546	my ($line) = @_;
1547
1548	# Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1549	$line =~ s/^.//;
1550	$line = expand_tabs($line);
1551
1552	# Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1553	my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1554
1555	return (length($line), length($white));
1556}
1557
1558my $sanitise_quote = '';
1559
1560sub sanitise_line_reset {
1561	my ($in_comment) = @_;
1562
1563	if ($in_comment) {
1564		$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1565	} else {
1566		$sanitise_quote = '';
1567	}
1568}
1569sub sanitise_line {
1570	my ($line) = @_;
1571
1572	my $res = '';
1573	my $l = '';
1574
1575	my $qlen = 0;
1576	my $off = 0;
1577	my $c;
1578
1579	# Always copy over the diff marker.
1580	$res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1581
1582	for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1583		$c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1584
1585		# Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1586		# and end, all to $;.
1587		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1588			$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1589
1590			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1591			$off++;
1592			next;
1593		}
1594		if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1595			$sanitise_quote = '';
1596			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1597			$off++;
1598			next;
1599		}
1600		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1601			$sanitise_quote = '//';
1602
1603			substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1604			$off++;
1605			next;
1606		}
1607
1608		# A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1609		if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1610		    $c eq "\\") {
1611			substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1612			$off++;
1613			next;
1614		}
1615		# Regular quotes.
1616		if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1617			if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1618				$sanitise_quote = $c;
1619
1620				substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1621				next;
1622			} elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1623				$sanitise_quote = '';
1624			}
1625		}
1626
1627		#print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1628		if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1629			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1630		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1631			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1632		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1633			substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1634		} else {
1635			substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1636		}
1637	}
1638
1639	if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1640		$sanitise_quote = '';
1641	}
1642
1643	# The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1644	if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1645		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1646		$res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1647
1648	# The whole of a #error is a string.
1649	} elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1650		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1651		$res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1652	}
1653
1654	if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1655		my $match = $1;
1656		$res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1657	}
1658
1659	return $res;
1660}
1661
1662sub get_quoted_string {
1663	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1664
1665	return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1666	return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1667	return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1668}
1669
1670sub ctx_statement_block {
1671	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1672	my $line = $linenr - 1;
1673	my $blk = '';
1674	my $soff = $off;
1675	my $coff = $off - 1;
1676	my $coff_set = 0;
1677
1678	my $loff = 0;
1679
1680	my $type = '';
1681	my $level = 0;
1682	my @stack = ();
1683	my $p;
1684	my $c;
1685	my $len = 0;
1686
1687	my $remainder;
1688	while (1) {
1689		@stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1690
1691		#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1692		# If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1693		# context.
1694		if ($off >= $len) {
1695			for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1696				last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1697				next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1698				$remain--;
1699				$loff = $len;
1700				$blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1701				$len = length($blk);
1702				$line++;
1703				last;
1704			}
1705			# Bail if there is no further context.
1706			#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1707			if ($off >= $len) {
1708				last;
1709			}
1710			if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1711				$level++;
1712				$type = '#';
1713			}
1714		}
1715		$p = $c;
1716		$c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1717		$remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1718
1719		#warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1720
1721		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1722		if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1723			push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1724		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1725			($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1726		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1727			($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1728		}
1729
1730		# Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1731		# outermost level.
1732		if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1733			last;
1734		}
1735
1736		# An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1737		if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1738				(!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1739				$remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1740				$remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1741			$coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1742			$coff_set = 1;
1743			#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1744			#warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1745		}
1746
1747		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1748			$level++;
1749			$type = '(';
1750		}
1751		if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1752			$level--;
1753			$type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1754
1755			if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1756				$coff = $off;
1757				$coff_set = 1;
1758				#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1759			}
1760		}
1761		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1762			$level++;
1763			$type = '{';
1764		}
1765		if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1766			$level--;
1767			$type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1768
1769			if ($level == 0) {
1770				if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1771					$off++;
1772				}
1773				last;
1774			}
1775		}
1776		# Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1777		if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1778			$level--;
1779			$type = '';
1780			$off++;
1781			last;
1782		}
1783		$off++;
1784	}
1785	# We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1786	if ($off == $len) {
1787		$loff = $len + 1;
1788		$line++;
1789		$remain--;
1790	}
1791
1792	my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1793	my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1794
1795	#warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1796	#warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1797
1798	#print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1799
1800	return ($statement, $condition,
1801			$line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1802}
1803
1804sub statement_lines {
1805	my ($stmt) = @_;
1806
1807	# Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1808	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1809	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1810	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1811
1812	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1813
1814	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1815}
1816
1817sub statement_rawlines {
1818	my ($stmt) = @_;
1819
1820	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1821
1822	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1823}
1824
1825sub statement_block_size {
1826	my ($stmt) = @_;
1827
1828	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1829	$stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1830	$stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1831	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1832	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1833
1834	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1835	my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1836
1837	my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1838	my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1839
1840	if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1841		return $stmt_lines;
1842	} else {
1843		return $stmt_statements;
1844	}
1845}
1846
1847sub ctx_statement_full {
1848	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1849	my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1850
1851	my (@chunks);
1852
1853	# Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1854	($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1855				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1856	#print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1857	push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1858	if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1859		return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1860	}
1861
1862	# Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1863	# could continue the statement.
1864	for (;;) {
1865		($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1866				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1867		#print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1868		last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1869		#print "C: push\n";
1870		push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1871	}
1872
1873	return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1874}
1875
1876sub ctx_block_get {
1877	my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1878	my $line;
1879	my $start = $linenr - 1;
1880	my $blk = '';
1881	my @o;
1882	my @c;
1883	my @res = ();
1884
1885	my $level = 0;
1886	my @stack = ($level);
1887	for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1888		next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1889		$remain--;
1890
1891		$blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1892
1893		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1894		if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1895			push(@stack, $level);
1896		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1897			$level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1898		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1899			$level = pop(@stack);
1900		}
1901
1902		foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1903			##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1904			if ($off > 0) {
1905				$off--;
1906				next;
1907			}
1908
1909			if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1910				$level--;
1911				last if ($level == 0);
1912			} elsif ($c eq $open) {
1913				$level++;
1914			}
1915		}
1916
1917		if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1918			push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1919		}
1920
1921		last if ($level == 0);
1922	}
1923
1924	return ($level, @res);
1925}
1926sub ctx_block_outer {
1927	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1928
1929	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1930	return @r;
1931}
1932sub ctx_block {
1933	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1934
1935	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1936	return @r;
1937}
1938sub ctx_statement {
1939	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1940
1941	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1942	return @r;
1943}
1944sub ctx_block_level {
1945	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1946
1947	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1948}
1949sub ctx_statement_level {
1950	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1951
1952	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1953}
1954
1955sub ctx_locate_comment {
1956	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1957
1958	# If c99 comment on the current line, or the line before or after
1959	my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@^\+.*(//.*$)@);
1960	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1961	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 2] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1962	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1963	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1964	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1965
1966	# Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1967	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1968	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1969
1970	# Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1971	# comment.
1972	my $in_comment = 0;
1973	$current_comment = '';
1974	for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1975		my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1976		#warn "           $line\n";
1977		if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1978			$in_comment = 1;
1979		}
1980		if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1981			$in_comment = 1;
1982		}
1983		if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1984			$current_comment = '';
1985		}
1986		$current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1987		if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1988			$in_comment = 0;
1989		}
1990	}
1991
1992	chomp($current_comment);
1993	return($current_comment);
1994}
1995sub ctx_has_comment {
1996	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1997	my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1998
1999	##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
2000	##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
2001
2002	return ($cmt ne '');
2003}
2004
2005sub raw_line {
2006	my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
2007
2008	my $offset = $linenr - 1;
2009	$cnt++;
2010
2011	my $line;
2012	while ($cnt) {
2013		$line = $rawlines[$offset++];
2014		next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
2015		$cnt--;
2016	}
2017
2018	return $line;
2019}
2020
2021sub get_stat_real {
2022	my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
2023
2024	my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
2025	for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
2026		$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
2027	}
2028
2029	return $stat_real;
2030}
2031
2032sub get_stat_here {
2033	my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
2034
2035	my $herectx = $here . "\n";
2036	for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
2037		$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
2038	}
2039
2040	return $herectx;
2041}
2042
2043sub cat_vet {
2044	my ($vet) = @_;
2045	my ($res, $coded);
2046
2047	$res = '';
2048	while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
2049		$res .= $1;
2050		if ($2 ne '') {
2051			$coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
2052			$res .= $coded;
2053		}
2054	}
2055	$res =~ s/$/\$/;
2056
2057	return $res;
2058}
2059
2060my $av_preprocessor = 0;
2061my $av_pending;
2062my @av_paren_type;
2063my $av_pend_colon;
2064
2065sub annotate_reset {
2066	$av_preprocessor = 0;
2067	$av_pending = '_';
2068	@av_paren_type = ('E');
2069	$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2070}
2071
2072sub annotate_values {
2073	my ($stream, $type) = @_;
2074
2075	my $res;
2076	my $var = '_' x length($stream);
2077	my $cur = $stream;
2078
2079	print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2080
2081	while (length($cur)) {
2082		@av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
2083		print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
2084				"> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2085		if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
2086			print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2087			if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
2088				$type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2089				$av_preprocessor = 0;
2090			}
2091
2092		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
2093			print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2094			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2095			$type = 'c';
2096
2097		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
2098			print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2099			$type = 'T';
2100
2101		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
2102			print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2103			$type = 'T';
2104
2105		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
2106			print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2107			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2108			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2109			if ($2 ne '') {
2110				$av_pending = 'N';
2111			}
2112			$type = 'E';
2113
2114		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
2115			print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2116			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2117			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2118
2119		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
2120			print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2121			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2122
2123			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2124			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2125			$type = 'E';
2126
2127		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
2128			print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2129			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2130
2131			push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
2132
2133			$type = 'E';
2134
2135		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
2136			print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2137
2138			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2139
2140			# Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
2141			# one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
2142			pop(@av_paren_type);
2143			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2144			$type = 'E';
2145
2146		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
2147			print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2148
2149		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
2150			print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2151			$av_pending = $type;
2152			$type = 'N';
2153
2154		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
2155			print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2156			if (defined $2) {
2157				$av_pending = 'V';
2158			}
2159			$type = 'N';
2160
2161		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
2162			print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2163			$av_pending = 'E';
2164			$type = 'N';
2165
2166		} elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
2167			print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2168			$av_pend_colon = 'C';
2169			$type = 'N';
2170
2171		} elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
2172			print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2173			$type = 'N';
2174
2175		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
2176			print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2177			push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
2178			$av_pending = '_';
2179			$type = 'N';
2180
2181		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
2182			my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2183			if ($new_type ne '_') {
2184				$type = $new_type;
2185				print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
2186							if ($dbg_values > 1);
2187			} else {
2188				print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2189			}
2190
2191		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
2192			print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2193			$type = 'V';
2194			$av_pending = 'V';
2195
2196		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
2197			if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
2198				$av_pend_colon = 'B';
2199			} elsif ($type eq 'E') {
2200				$av_pend_colon = 'L';
2201			}
2202			print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2203			$type = 'V';
2204
2205		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
2206			print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2207			$type = 'V';
2208
2209		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
2210			print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2211			$type = 'N';
2212
2213		} elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
2214			print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2215			$type = 'E';
2216			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2217
2218		} elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
2219			print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2220			$type = 'C';
2221
2222		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
2223			print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2224			$type = 'N';
2225
2226		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
2227			print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2228
2229			substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
2230			if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
2231				$type = 'E';
2232			} else {
2233				$type = 'N';
2234			}
2235			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2236
2237		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
2238			print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2239			$type = 'N';
2240
2241		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
2242			my $variant;
2243
2244			print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2245			if ($type eq 'V') {
2246				$variant = 'B';
2247			} else {
2248				$variant = 'U';
2249			}
2250
2251			substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
2252			$type = 'N';
2253
2254		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
2255			print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2256			if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
2257				$type = 'N';
2258			}
2259
2260		} elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
2261			print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2262		}
2263		if (defined $1) {
2264			$cur = substr($cur, length($1));
2265			$res .= $type x length($1);
2266		}
2267	}
2268
2269	return ($res, $var);
2270}
2271
2272sub possible {
2273	my ($possible, $line) = @_;
2274	my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
2275		^(?:
2276			$Modifier|
2277			$Storage|
2278			$Type|
2279			DEFINE_\S+
2280		)$|
2281		^(?:
2282			goto|
2283			return|
2284			case|
2285			else|
2286			asm|__asm__|
2287			do|
2288			\#|
2289			\#\#|
2290		)(?:\s|$)|
2291		^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2292	    )}x;
2293	warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2294	if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2295		# Check for modifiers.
2296		$possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2297		$possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2298		if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2299
2300		} elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2301			$possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2302			for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2303				if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2304					warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2305					push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2306				}
2307			}
2308
2309		} else {
2310			warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2311			push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2312		}
2313		build_types();
2314	} else {
2315		warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2316	}
2317}
2318
2319my $prefix = '';
2320
2321sub show_type {
2322	my ($type) = @_;
2323
2324	$type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2325
2326	return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2327
2328	return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2329}
2330
2331sub report {
2332	my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2333
2334	if (!show_type($type) ||
2335	    (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2336		return 0;
2337	}
2338	my $output = '';
2339	if ($color) {
2340		if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2341			$output .= RED;
2342		} elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2343			$output .= YELLOW;
2344		} else {
2345			$output .= GREEN;
2346		}
2347	}
2348	$output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2349	if ($show_types) {
2350		$output .= BLUE if ($color);
2351		$output .= "$type:";
2352	}
2353	$output .= RESET if ($color);
2354	$output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2355
2356	if ($showfile) {
2357		my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2358		splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2359		$output = join("\n", @lines);
2360	}
2361
2362	if ($terse) {
2363		$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n";
2364	}
2365
2366	if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$type}) &&
2367	    !exists($verbose_emitted{$type})) {
2368		$output .= $verbose_messages{$type} . "\n\n";
2369		$verbose_emitted{$type} = 1;
2370	}
2371
2372	push(our @report, $output);
2373
2374	return 1;
2375}
2376
2377sub report_dump {
2378	our @report;
2379}
2380
2381sub fixup_current_range {
2382	my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2383
2384	if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2385		my $o = $1;
2386		my $l = $2;
2387		my $no = $o + $offset;
2388		my $nl = $l + $length;
2389		$$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2390	}
2391}
2392
2393sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2394	my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2395
2396	my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2397	my $delta_offset = 0;
2398
2399	my $old_linenr = 0;
2400	my $new_linenr = 0;
2401
2402	my $next_insert = 0;
2403	my $next_delete = 0;
2404
2405	my @lines = ();
2406
2407	my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2408	my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2409
2410	foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2411		my $save_line = 1;
2412		my $line = $old_line;	#don't modify the array
2413		if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {	#new filename
2414			$delta_offset = 0;
2415		} elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {	#new hunk
2416			$range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2417			fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2418		}
2419
2420		while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2421			$deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2422			$save_line = 0;
2423			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2424		}
2425
2426		while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2427			push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2428			$inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2429			$new_linenr++;
2430			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2431		}
2432
2433		if ($save_line) {
2434			push(@lines, $line);
2435			$new_linenr++;
2436		}
2437
2438		$old_linenr++;
2439	}
2440
2441	return @lines;
2442}
2443
2444sub fix_insert_line {
2445	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2446
2447	my $inserted = {
2448		LINENR => $linenr,
2449		LINE => $line,
2450	};
2451	push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2452}
2453
2454sub fix_delete_line {
2455	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2456
2457	my $deleted = {
2458		LINENR => $linenr,
2459		LINE => $line,
2460	};
2461
2462	push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2463}
2464
2465sub ERROR {
2466	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2467
2468	if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2469		our $clean = 0;
2470		our $cnt_error++;
2471		return 1;
2472	}
2473	return 0;
2474}
2475sub WARN {
2476	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2477
2478	if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2479		our $clean = 0;
2480		our $cnt_warn++;
2481		return 1;
2482	}
2483	return 0;
2484}
2485sub CHK {
2486	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2487
2488	if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2489		our $clean = 0;
2490		our $cnt_chk++;
2491		return 1;
2492	}
2493	return 0;
2494}
2495
2496sub check_absolute_file {
2497	my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2498	my $file = $absolute;
2499
2500	##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2501
2502	# See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2503	while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2504		if (-f "$root/$file") {
2505			##print "file<$file>\n";
2506			last;
2507		}
2508	}
2509	if (! -f _)  {
2510		return 0;
2511	}
2512
2513	# It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2514	my $prefix = $absolute;
2515	substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2516
2517	##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2518	if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2519		WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2520		     "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2521	}
2522}
2523
2524sub trim {
2525	my ($string) = @_;
2526
2527	$string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2528
2529	return $string;
2530}
2531
2532sub ltrim {
2533	my ($string) = @_;
2534
2535	$string =~ s/^\s+//;
2536
2537	return $string;
2538}
2539
2540sub rtrim {
2541	my ($string) = @_;
2542
2543	$string =~ s/\s+$//;
2544
2545	return $string;
2546}
2547
2548sub string_find_replace {
2549	my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2550
2551	$string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2552
2553	return $string;
2554}
2555
2556sub tabify {
2557	my ($leading) = @_;
2558
2559	my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2560	my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2561	my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2562
2563	#convert leading spaces to tabs
2564	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2565	#Remove spaces before a tab
2566	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2567
2568	return "$leading";
2569}
2570
2571sub pos_last_openparen {
2572	my ($line) = @_;
2573
2574	my $pos = 0;
2575
2576	my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2577	my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2578
2579	my $last_openparen = 0;
2580
2581	if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2582		return -1;
2583	}
2584
2585	my $len = length($line);
2586
2587	for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2588		my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2589		if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2590			$pos += length($1) - 1;
2591		} elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2592			$last_openparen = $pos;
2593		} elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2594			last;
2595		}
2596	}
2597
2598	return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2599}
2600
2601sub get_raw_comment {
2602	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2603	my $comment = '';
2604
2605	for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2606		if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2607			$comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2608		}
2609	}
2610
2611	return $comment;
2612}
2613
2614sub exclude_global_initialisers {
2615	my ($realfile) = @_;
2616
2617	# Do not check for BPF programs (tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/*.c, samples/bpf/*_kern.c, *.bpf.c).
2618	return $realfile =~ m@^tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/.*\.c$@ ||
2619		$realfile =~ m@^samples/bpf/.*_kern\.c$@ ||
2620		$realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
2621}
2622
2623sub process {
2624	my $filename = shift;
2625
2626	my $linenr=0;
2627	my $prevline="";
2628	my $prevrawline="";
2629	my $stashline="";
2630	my $stashrawline="";
2631
2632	my $length;
2633	my $indent;
2634	my $previndent=0;
2635	my $stashindent=0;
2636
2637	our $clean = 1;
2638	my $signoff = 0;
 
 
 
2639	my $author = '';
2640	my $authorsignoff = 0;
2641	my $author_sob = '';
2642	my $is_patch = 0;
2643	my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2644	my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2645	my $in_commit_log = 0;		#Scanning lines before patch
2646	my $has_patch_separator = 0;	#Found a --- line
2647	my $has_commit_log = 0;		#Encountered lines before patch
2648	my $commit_log_lines = 0;	#Number of commit log lines
2649	my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2650	my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2651	my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2652	my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2653	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2654
2655	my $last_git_commit_id_linenr = -1;
2656
2657	my $last_blank_line = 0;
2658	my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2659
2660	our @report = ();
2661	our $cnt_lines = 0;
2662	our $cnt_error = 0;
2663	our $cnt_warn = 0;
2664	our $cnt_chk = 0;
2665
2666	# Trace the real file/line as we go.
2667	my $realfile = '';
2668	my $realline = 0;
2669	my $realcnt = 0;
2670	my $here = '';
2671	my $context_function;		#undef'd unless there's a known function
2672	my $in_comment = 0;
2673	my $comment_edge = 0;
2674	my $first_line = 0;
2675	my $p1_prefix = '';
2676
2677	my $prev_values = 'E';
2678
2679	# suppression flags
2680	my %suppress_ifbraces;
2681	my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2682	my %suppress_export;
2683	my $suppress_statement = 0;
2684
2685	my %signatures = ();
2686
2687	# Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2688	# Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2689	#
2690	my @setup_docs = ();
2691	my $setup_docs = 0;
2692
2693	my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2694
2695	my $checklicenseline = 1;
2696
2697	sanitise_line_reset();
2698	my $line;
2699	foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2700		$linenr++;
2701		$line = $rawline;
2702
2703		push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2704
2705		if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2706			$setup_docs = 0;
2707			if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2708				$setup_docs = 1;
2709			}
2710			#next;
2711		}
2712		if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2713			$realline=$1-1;
2714			if (defined $2) {
2715				$realcnt=$3+1;
2716			} else {
2717				$realcnt=1+1;
2718			}
2719			$in_comment = 0;
2720
2721			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2722			# the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2723			# edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2724			# at context start.
2725			my $edge;
2726			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2727			for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2728				next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2729					 $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2730				$cnt--;
2731				#print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2732				last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2733				if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2734				    $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2735					($edge) = $1;
2736					last;
2737				}
2738			}
2739			if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2740				$in_comment = 1;
2741			}
2742
2743			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2744			# is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2745			# ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2746			if (!defined $edge &&
2747			    $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2748			{
2749				$in_comment = 1;
2750			}
2751
2752			##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2753			sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2754
2755		} elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2756			# Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2757			# simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2758			$line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2759		}
2760		push(@lines, $line);
2761
2762		if ($realcnt > 1) {
2763			$realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2764		} else {
2765			$realcnt = 0;
2766		}
2767
2768		#print "==>$rawline\n";
2769		#print "-->$line\n";
2770
2771		if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2772			push(@setup_docs, $line);
2773		}
2774	}
2775
2776	$prefix = '';
2777
2778	$realcnt = 0;
2779	$linenr = 0;
2780	$fixlinenr = -1;
2781	foreach my $line (@lines) {
2782		$linenr++;
2783		$fixlinenr++;
2784		my $sline = $line;	#copy of $line
2785		$sline =~ s/$;/ /g;	#with comments as spaces
2786
2787		my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2788		my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2789
2790# check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2791		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2792		    ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2793		    ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2794		     $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2795			$is_patch = 1;
2796		}
2797
2798#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2799		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2800		    $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2801			my $context = $4;
2802			$is_patch = 1;
2803			$first_line = $linenr + 1;
2804			$realline=$1-1;
2805			if (defined $2) {
2806				$realcnt=$3+1;
2807			} else {
2808				$realcnt=1+1;
2809			}
2810			annotate_reset();
2811			$prev_values = 'E';
2812
2813			%suppress_ifbraces = ();
2814			%suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2815			%suppress_export = ();
2816			$suppress_statement = 0;
2817			if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2818				$context_function = $1;
2819			} else {
2820				undef $context_function;
2821			}
2822			next;
2823
2824# track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2825# new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2826# blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2827		} elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2828			$realline++;
2829			$realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2830
2831			# Measure the line length and indent.
2832			($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2833
2834			# Track the previous line.
2835			($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2836			($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2837			($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2838
2839			#warn "line<$line>\n";
2840
2841		} elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2842			$realcnt--;
2843		}
2844
2845		my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2846
2847		$here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2848		$here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2849
2850		my $found_file = 0;
2851		# extract the filename as it passes
2852		if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2853			$realfile = $1;
2854			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2855			$in_commit_log = 0;
2856			$found_file = 1;
2857		} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2858			$realfile = $1;
2859			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2860			$in_commit_log = 0;
2861
2862			$p1_prefix = $1;
2863			if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2864			    -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2865				WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2866				     "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2867			}
2868
2869			if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2870				ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2871				      "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2872			}
2873			$found_file = 1;
2874		}
2875
2876#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2877		if ($showfile) {
2878			$prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2879		} elsif ($emacs) {
2880			if ($file) {
2881				$prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2882			} else {
2883				$prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2884			}
2885		}
2886
2887		if ($found_file) {
2888			if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2889				WARN("OBSOLETE",
2890				     "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2891			}
2892			if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2893				$check = 1;
2894			} else {
2895				$check = $check_orig;
2896			}
2897			$checklicenseline = 1;
2898
2899			if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2900				my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2901
2902				$is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2903
2904				if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2905				    ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2906					WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2907					     "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst\n");
2908				}
2909			}
2910
2911			next;
2912		}
2913
2914		$here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2915
2916		my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2917		my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2918		my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2919
2920		$cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2921
2922# Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2923# 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2924		if ($in_commit_log) {
2925			if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2926				$commit_log_lines++;	#could be a $signature
2927			}
2928		} elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2929			WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2930			     "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2931			$commit_log_lines = 2;	#warn only once
2932		}
2933
2934# Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2935		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2936		    (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)@ &&
2937		      $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2938		     $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2939		     $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2940			ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2941			      "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2942			$commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2943		}
2944
2945# Check for incorrect file permissions
2946		if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2947			my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2948			if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2949			    $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2950				ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2951				      "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2952			}
2953		}
2954
2955# Check the patch for a From:
2956		if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2957			$author = $1;
2958			my $curline = $linenr;
2959			while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
2960				$author .= $1;
2961			}
2962			$author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2963			$author =~ s/"//g;
2964			$author = reformat_email($author);
2965		}
2966
2967# Check the patch for a signoff:
2968		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2969			$signoff++;
2970			$in_commit_log = 0;
2971			if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
2972				if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
2973					$authorsignoff = 1;
2974				} else {
2975					my $ctx = $1;
2976					my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
2977					my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
2978
2979					if (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
2980						$author_sob = $ctx;
2981						$authorsignoff = 2;
2982					} elsif (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address) {
2983						$author_sob = $ctx;
2984						$authorsignoff = 3;
2985					} elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
2986						$author_sob = $ctx;
2987						$authorsignoff = 4;
2988
2989						my $address1 = $email_address;
2990						my $address2 = $author_address;
2991
2992						if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2993							$address1 = "$1$2";
2994						}
2995						if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2996							$address2 = "$1$2";
2997						}
2998						if ($address1 eq $address2) {
2999							$authorsignoff = 5;
3000						}
3001					}
3002				}
3003			}
3004		}
3005
3006# Check for patch separator
3007		if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
3008			$has_patch_separator = 1;
3009			$in_commit_log = 0;
3010		}
3011
3012# Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
3013# emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
3014		if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
3015			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3016		}
3017
3018# Check signature styles
3019		if (!$in_header_lines &&
3020		    $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
3021			my $space_before = $1;
3022			my $sign_off = $2;
3023			my $space_after = $3;
3024			my $email = $4;
3025			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
3026
3027			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
3028				my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
3029				if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
3030					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3031					     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
3032				} else {
3033					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3034						 "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
3035					    $fix) {
3036						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
3037					}
3038				}
3039			}
3040			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
3041				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3042					 "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3043				    $fix) {
3044					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3045					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3046				}
3047			}
3048			if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
3049				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3050					 "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
3051				    $fix) {
3052					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3053					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3054				}
3055
3056			}
3057			if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
3058				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3059					 "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3060				    $fix) {
3061					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3062					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3063				}
3064			}
3065
3066			my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
3067			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
3068			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
3069				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3070				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3071			} else {
3072				my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
3073				$dequoted =~ s/^"//;
3074				$dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
3075				# Don't force email to have quotes
3076				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
3077				if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
3078					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3079						 "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3080					    $fix) {
3081						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
3082					}
3083				}
3084
3085				# Address part shouldn't have comments
3086				my $stripped_address = $email_address;
3087				$stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
3088				if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
3089					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3090						 "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3091					    $fix) {
3092						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
3093					}
3094				}
3095
3096				# Only one name comment should be allowed
3097				my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
3098				if ($comment_count > 1) {
3099					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3100					     "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3101				}
3102
3103
3104				# stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
3105				# have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
3106				# begin with a #
3107				if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
3108					if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
3109					    ($email_name ne "")) {
3110						my $cur_name = $email_name;
3111						my $new_comment = $comment;
3112						$cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
3113
3114						# Remove brackets enclosing comment text
3115						# and # from start of comments to get comment text
3116						$new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
3117						$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3118						$new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
3119
3120						$new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
3121						$new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
3122						my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
3123
3124						if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
3125							 "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3126						    $fix) {
3127							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3128						}
3129					}
3130				} elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
3131					my $new_comment = $comment;
3132
3133					# Extract comment text from within brackets or
3134					# c89 style /*...*/ comments
3135					$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3136					$new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
3137
3138					$new_comment = trim($new_comment);
3139					$new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
3140					$new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
3141					my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
3142
3143					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3144						 "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3145					    $fix) {
3146						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3147					}
3148				}
3149			}
3150
3151# Check for duplicate signatures
3152			my $sig_nospace = $line;
3153			$sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
3154			$sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
3155			if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
3156				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3157				     "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
3158			} else {
3159				$signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
3160			}
3161
3162# Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
3163			if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
3164				if ($email eq $author) {
3165					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3166					      "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . $herecurr);
3167				}
3168				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3169					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3170					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . $herecurr);
3171				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
3172					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3173					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3174				} elsif ($1 ne $email) {
3175					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3176					     "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3177				}
3178			}
3179
3180# check if Reported-by: is followed by a Closes: tag
3181			if ($sign_off =~ /^reported(?:|-and-tested)-by:$/i) {
3182				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3183					WARN("BAD_REPORTED_BY_LINK",
3184					     "Reported-by: should be immediately followed by Closes: with a URL to the report\n" . $herecurr . "\n");
3185				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^closes:\s*/i) {
3186					WARN("BAD_REPORTED_BY_LINK",
3187					     "Reported-by: should be immediately followed by Closes: with a URL to the report\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3188				}
3189			}
3190		}
3191
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3192
3193# Check Fixes: styles is correct
3194		if (!$in_header_lines &&
3195		    $line =~ /^\s*fixes:?\s*(?:commit\s*)?[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i) {
3196			my $orig_commit = "";
3197			my $id = "0123456789ab";
3198			my $title = "commit title";
3199			my $tag_case = 1;
3200			my $tag_space = 1;
3201			my $id_length = 1;
3202			my $id_case = 1;
3203			my $title_has_quotes = 0;
3204
3205			if ($line =~ /(\s*fixes:?)\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\s+($balanced_parens)/i) {
3206				my $tag = $1;
3207				$orig_commit = $2;
3208				$title = $3;
3209
3210				$tag_case = 0 if $tag eq "Fixes:";
3211				$tag_space = 0 if ($line =~ /^fixes:? [0-9a-f]{5,} ($balanced_parens)/i);
3212
3213				$id_length = 0 if ($orig_commit =~ /^[0-9a-f]{12}$/i);
3214				$id_case = 0 if ($orig_commit !~ /[A-F]/);
3215
3216				# Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
3217				$title = substr($title, 1, -1);
3218				if ($title =~ /^".*"$/) {
3219					$title = substr($title, 1, -1);
3220					$title_has_quotes = 1;
3221				}
 
 
3222			}
3223
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3224			my ($cid, $ctitle) = git_commit_info($orig_commit, $id,
3225							     $title);
3226
3227			if ($ctitle ne $title || $tag_case || $tag_space ||
3228			    $id_length || $id_case || !$title_has_quotes) {
3229				if (WARN("BAD_FIXES_TAG",
3230				     "Please use correct Fixes: style 'Fixes: <12 chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: 'Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3231				    $fix) {
3232					$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")";
3233				}
3234			}
3235		}
3236
3237# Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
3238		if ($in_header_lines &&
3239		    $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
3240			WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
3241			     "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
3242		}
3243
3244# Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
3245		if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
3246			if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
3247			          "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
3248			    $fix) {
3249				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3250			}
3251		}
3252
3253# Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
3254		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3255		    ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
3256		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
3257					# timestamp
3258		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
3259		     $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
3260		     $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
3261					# stack dump address styles
3262			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
3263		}
3264
3265# Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
3266		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
3267		    length($line) > 75 &&
3268		    !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
3269					# file delta changes
3270		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-\+]*\/)++[\w\.\-\+]+:/ ||
3271					# filename then :
3272		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|$link_tags_search|$signature_tags)/i ||
3273					# A Fixes:, link or signature tag line
3274		      $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
3275			WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
3276			     "Prefer a maximum 75 chars per line (possible unwrapped commit description?)\n" . $herecurr);
3277			$commit_log_long_line = 1;
3278		}
3279
3280# Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
3281		if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3282		    $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
3283			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
3284		}
3285
3286# Check for odd tags before a URI/URL
3287		if ($in_commit_log &&
3288		    $line =~ /^\s*(\w+:)\s*http/ && $1 !~ /^$link_tags_search$/) {
3289			if ($1 =~ /^v(?:ersion)?\d+/i) {
3290				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_VERSIONING",
3291				     "Patch version information should be after the --- line\n" . $herecurr);
3292			} else {
3293				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_USE_LINK",
3294				     "Unknown link reference '$1', use $link_tags_print instead\n" . $herecurr);
3295			}
3296		}
3297
3298# Check for misuse of the link tags
3299		if ($in_commit_log &&
3300		    $line =~ /^\s*(\w+:)\s*(\S+)/) {
3301			my $tag = $1;
3302			my $value = $2;
3303			if ($tag =~ /^$link_tags_search$/ && $value !~ m{^https?://}) {
3304				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_WRONG_LINK",
3305				     "'$tag' should be followed by a public http(s) link\n" . $herecurr);
3306			}
3307		}
3308
3309# Check for lines starting with a #
3310		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
3311			if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
3312				 "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3313			    $fix) {
3314				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
3315			}
3316		}
3317
3318# Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
3319# A correctly formed commit description is:
3320#    commit <SHA-1 hash length 12+ chars> ("Complete commit subject")
3321# with the commit subject '("' prefix and '")' suffix
3322# This is a fairly compilicated block as it tests for what appears to be
3323# bare SHA-1 hash with  minimum length of 5.  It also avoids several types of
3324# possible SHA-1 matches.
3325# A commit match can span multiple lines so this block attempts to find a
3326# complete typical commit on a maximum of 3 lines
3327		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3328		    $in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3329		    $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
3330		    $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
3331		    (($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
3332		      ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i && defined($rawlines[$linenr]) && $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i)) ||
3333		     ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
3334		      $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
3335		      $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
3336			my $init_char = "c";
3337			my $orig_commit = "";
3338			my $short = 1;
3339			my $long = 0;
3340			my $case = 1;
3341			my $space = 1;
3342			my $id = '0123456789ab';
3343			my $orig_desc = "commit description";
3344			my $description = "";
3345			my $herectx = $herecurr;
3346			my $has_parens = 0;
3347			my $has_quotes = 0;
3348
3349			my $input = $line;
3350			if ($line =~ /(?:\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}|\bcommit\s*$)/i) {
3351				for (my $n = 0; $n < 2; $n++) {
3352					if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*($balanced_parens)/i) {
3353						$orig_desc = $1;
3354						$has_parens = 1;
3355						# Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
3356						$orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3357						if ($orig_desc =~ /^".*"$/) {
3358							$orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3359							$has_quotes = 1;
3360						}
3361						last;
3362					}
3363					last if ($#lines < $linenr + $n);
3364					$input .= " " . trim($rawlines[$linenr + $n]);
3365					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$linenr + $n]\n";
3366				}
3367				$herectx = $herecurr if (!$has_parens);
3368			}
3369
3370			if ($input =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
3371				$init_char = $1;
3372				$orig_commit = lc($2);
3373				$short = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
3374				$long = 1 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
3375				$space = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
3376				$case = 0 if ($input =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
3377			} elsif ($input =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
3378				$orig_commit = lc($1);
3379			}
3380
3381			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
3382							      $id, $orig_desc);
3383
3384			if (defined($id) &&
3385			    ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$has_quotes) &&
3386			    $last_git_commit_id_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
3387				ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
3388				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herectx);
3389			}
3390			#don't report the next line if this line ends in commit and the sha1 hash is the next line
3391			$last_git_commit_id_linenr = $linenr if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i);
3392		}
3393
3394# Check for mailing list archives other than lore.kernel.org
3395		if ($rawline =~ m{http.*\b$obsolete_archives}) {
3396			WARN("PREFER_LORE_ARCHIVE",
3397			     "Use lore.kernel.org archive links when possible - see https://lore.kernel.org/lists.html\n" . $herecurr);
3398		}
3399
3400# Check for added, moved or deleted files
3401		if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
3402		    ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
3403		     $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
3404		     ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
3405		      (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
3406			$is_patch = 1;
3407			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3408			WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
3409			     "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
3410		}
3411
3412# Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
3413		if (!$in_commit_log &&
3414		    ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
3415		    ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
3416			WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
3417			     "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/writing-schema.rst\n");
3418		}
3419
3420# Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
3421		if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
3422			ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
3423			      "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
3424				$herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
3425		}
3426
3427# UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
3428		if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
3429		    $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
3430			my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
3431
3432			my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3433			my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
3434			my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3435
3436			CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
3437			    "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
3438		}
3439
3440# Check if it's the start of a commit log
3441# (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
3442		if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3443		    !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
3444		      $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
3445			$in_header_lines = 0;
3446			$in_commit_log = 1;
3447			$has_commit_log = 1;
3448		}
3449
3450# Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
3451# declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
3452		if ($in_header_lines &&
3453		    $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
3454		    $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
3455			$non_utf8_charset = 1;
3456		}
3457
3458		if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3459		    $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
3460			WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
3461			    "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
3462		}
3463
3464# Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
3465		if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
3466			while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
3467				my $file = $1;
3468
3469				if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
3470				    check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
3471					#
3472				} else {
3473					check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
3474				}
3475			}
3476		}
3477
3478# Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
3479		if (defined($misspellings) &&
3480		    ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
3481			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
3482				my $typo = $1;
3483				my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3484				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
3485				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3486				my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
3487				$typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
3488				$typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
3489				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3490				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3491				if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
3492						  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
3493				    $fix) {
3494					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
3495				}
3496			}
3497		}
3498
3499# check for invalid commit id
3500		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
3501			my $id;
3502			my $description;
3503			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
3504			if (!defined($id)) {
3505				WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
3506				     "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
3507			}
3508		}
3509
3510# check for repeated words separated by a single space
3511# avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
3512		if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
3513		    $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
3514			pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
3515			while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
3516
3517				my $first = $1;
3518				my $second = $2;
3519				my $start_pos = $-[1];
3520				my $end_pos = $+[2];
3521				if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
3522					pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
3523					next;
3524				}
3525
3526				next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
3527				next if ($first eq 'long');
3528
3529				# check for character before and after the word matches
3530				my $start_char = '';
3531				my $end_char = '';
3532				$start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
3533				$end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
3534
3535				next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
3536				next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
3537
3538				# avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
3539				if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
3540					next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
3541				}
3542
3543				if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3544					 "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3545				    $fix) {
3546					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
3547				}
3548			}
3549
3550			# if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
3551			if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
3552			    $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
3553				my $last_word = $1;
3554				if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
3555					if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3556						 "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
3557					    $fix) {
3558						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
3559					}
3560				}
3561			}
3562		}
3563
3564# ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
3565		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
3566
3567#trailing whitespace
3568		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
3569			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3570			if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
3571				  "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
3572			    $fix) {
3573				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
3574			}
3575		} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
3576			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3577			if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
3578				  "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
3579			    $fix) {
3580				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
3581			}
3582
3583			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3584		}
3585
3586# Check for FSF mailing addresses.
3587		if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
3588		    $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
3589		    $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3590		    $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3591			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3592			my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3593			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3594			&{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3595				      "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3596		}
3597
3598# check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3599# Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3600# sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3601		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3602		    # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3603		    # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3604		    # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3605		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3606			my $ln = $linenr;
3607			my $needs_help = 0;
3608			my $has_help = 0;
3609			my $help_length = 0;
3610			while (defined $lines[$ln]) {
3611				my $f = $lines[$ln++];
3612
3613				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3614				last if ($f !~ /^[\+ ]/);	# !patch context
3615
3616				if ($f =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3617					$needs_help = 1;
3618					next;
3619				}
3620				if ($f =~ /^\+\s*help\s*$/) {
3621					$has_help = 1;
3622					next;
3623				}
3624
3625				$f =~ s/^.//;	# strip patch context [+ ]
3626				$f =~ s/#.*//;	# strip # directives
3627				$f =~ s/^\s+//;	# strip leading blanks
3628				next if ($f =~ /^$/);	# skip blank lines
3629
3630				# At the end of this Kconfig block:
3631				# This only checks context lines in the patch
3632				# and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3633				# positives, even though some of these are
3634				# common words in help texts
3635				if ($f =~ /^(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3636					       if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
3637					last;
3638				}
3639				$help_length++ if ($has_help);
3640			}
3641			if ($needs_help &&
3642			    $help_length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3643				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $ln - 1);
3644				WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3645				     "please write a help paragraph that fully describes the config symbol\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
3646			}
3647		}
3648
3649# check MAINTAINERS entries
3650		if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/) {
3651# check MAINTAINERS entries for the right form
3652			if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3653			    $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3654				if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3655					 "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3656				    $fix) {
3657					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3658				}
3659			}
3660# check MAINTAINERS entries for the right ordering too
3661			my $preferred_order = 'MRLSWQBCPTFXNK';
3662			if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3663			    $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ][A-Z]:/) {
3664				$rawline =~ /^\+([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3665				my $cur = $1;
3666				my $curval = $2;
3667				$prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ]([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3668				my $prev = $1;
3669				my $prevval = $2;
3670				my $curindex = index($preferred_order, $cur);
3671				my $previndex = index($preferred_order, $prev);
3672				if ($curindex < 0) {
3673					WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3674					     "Unknown MAINTAINERS entry type: '$cur'\n" . $herecurr);
3675				} else {
3676					if ($previndex >= 0 && $curindex < $previndex) {
3677						WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3678						     "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list '$cur:' before '$prev:'\n" . $hereprev);
3679					} elsif ((($prev eq 'F' && $cur eq 'F') ||
3680						  ($prev eq 'X' && $cur eq 'X')) &&
3681						 ($prevval cmp $curval) > 0) {
3682						WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3683						     "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list file patterns in alphabetic order\n" . $hereprev);
3684					}
3685				}
3686			}
3687		}
3688
3689		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3690		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3691			my $flag = $1;
3692			my $replacement = {
3693				'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3694				'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3695				'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3696				'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3697			};
3698
3699			WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3700			     "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3701		}
3702
3703# check for DT compatible documentation
3704		if (defined $root &&
3705			(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3706			 ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3707
3708			my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3709
3710			my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3711			my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3712
3713			foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3714				my $compat2 = $compat;
3715				$compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3716				my $compat3 = $compat;
3717				$compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3718				`grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3719				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3720					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3721					     "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3722				}
3723
3724				next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3725				my $vendor = $1;
3726				`grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3727				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3728					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3729					     "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3730				}
3731			}
3732		}
3733
3734# check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3735		if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3736			if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3737				$checklicenseline = 2;
3738			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3739				my $comment = "";
3740				if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3741					$comment = '/*';
3742				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|rs|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3743					$comment = '//';
3744				} elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3745					$comment = '#';
3746				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3747					$comment = '..';
3748				}
3749
3750# check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3751				if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3752				    $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3753				    $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3754					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3755					     "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3756				}
3757
3758				if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3759				    $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3760					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3761					     "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3762				} elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3763					my $spdx_license = $1;
3764					if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3765						WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3766						     "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3767					}
3768					if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3769					    $spdx_license !~ /GPL-2\.0(?:-only)? OR BSD-2-Clause/) {
3770						my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3771						$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3772						if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3773
3774								  "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3775						    $fix) {
3776							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3777						}
3778					}
3779					if ($realfile =~ m@^include/dt-bindings/@ &&
3780					    $spdx_license !~ /GPL-2\.0(?:-only)? OR \S+/) {
3781						WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3782						     "DT binding headers should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR .*)\n" . $herecurr);
3783					}
3784				}
3785			}
3786		}
3787
3788# check for embedded filenames
3789		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b\Q$realfile\E\b/) {
3790			WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
3791			     "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
3792		}
3793
3794# check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3795		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|rs|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3796
3797# check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3798		if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3799		    $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3800		    substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3801			WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3802			     "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3803		}
3804
3805# line length limit (with some exclusions)
3806#
3807# There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3808#	logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3809#	lines with a single string
3810#	#defines that are a single string
3811#	lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3812#
3813# There are 3 different line length message types:
3814# LONG_LINE_COMMENT	a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3815# LONG_LINE_STRING	a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3816# LONG_LINE		all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3817#
3818# if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3819#
3820
3821		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3822			my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3823
3824			# Check the allowed long line types first
3825
3826			# logging functions that end in a string that starts
3827			# before $max_line_length
3828			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3829			    length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3830				$msg_type = "";
3831
3832			# lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3833			# #defines with only strings
3834			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3835				 $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3836				$msg_type = "";
3837
3838			# More special cases
3839			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3840				 $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3841				$msg_type = "";
3842
3843			# URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3844			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3845				$msg_type = "";
3846
3847			# Otherwise set the alternate message types
3848
3849			# a comment starts before $max_line_length
3850			} elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3851				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3852				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3853
3854			# a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3855			} elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3856				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3857				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3858			}
3859
3860			if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3861			    (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3862				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3863				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3864				&{$msg_level}($msg_type,
3865					      "line length of $length exceeds $max_line_length columns\n" . $herecurr);
3866			}
3867		}
3868
3869# check for adding lines without a newline.
3870		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3871			if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3872			         "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
3873			    $fix) {
3874				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
3875			}
3876		}
3877
3878# check for .L prefix local symbols in .S files
3879		if ($realfile =~ /\.S$/ &&
3880		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:[A-Z]+_)?SYM_[A-Z]+_(?:START|END)(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(\s*\.L/) {
3881			WARN("AVOID_L_PREFIX",
3882			     "Avoid using '.L' prefixed local symbol names for denoting a range of code via 'SYM_*_START/END' annotations; see Documentation/core-api/asm-annotations.rst\n" . $herecurr);
3883		}
3884
3885# check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3886		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3887
3888# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3889# more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3890		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3891		    $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3892			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3893			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3894			if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3895				  "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3896			    $fix) {
3897				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3898			}
3899		}
3900
3901# check for space before tabs.
3902		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3903			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3904			if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3905				"please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3906			    $fix) {
3907				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3908					   s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3909				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3910					   s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3911			}
3912		}
3913
3914# check for assignments on the start of a line
3915		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3916			my $operator = $1;
3917			if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3918				"Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3919			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3920				# add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
3921				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
3922				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3923			}
3924		}
3925
3926# check for && or || at the start of a line
3927		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3928			my $operator = $1;
3929			if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3930				"Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3931			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3932				# insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
3933				$prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
3934				my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
3935				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
3936				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3937			}
3938		}
3939
3940# check indentation starts on a tab stop
3941		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3942		    $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3943			my $indent = length($1);
3944			if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3945				if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3946					 "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3947				    $fix) {
3948					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3949				}
3950			}
3951		}
3952
3953# check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3954		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3955		    $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3956			$prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3957			my $oldindent = $1;
3958			my $rest = $2;
3959
3960			my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3961			if ($pos >= 0) {
3962				$line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3963				my $newindent = $2;
3964
3965				my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3966					"\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3967					" "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3968				my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3969
3970				if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3971				    $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3972
3973					if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3974						"Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3975					    $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3976						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3977						    s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3978					}
3979				}
3980			}
3981		}
3982
3983# check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3984# avoid checking a few false positives:
3985#   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3986#   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3987#   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3988#   multiline macros that define functions
3989#   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3990		if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3991		    (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3992			if (CHK("SPACING",
3993				"No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3994			    $fix) {
3995				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3996				    s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3997			}
3998		}
3999
4000# Block comment styles
4001# Networking with an initial /*
4002		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
4003		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
4004		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
4005		    $realline > 3) { # Do not warn about the initial copyright comment block after SPDX-License-Identifier
4006			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4007			     "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
4008		}
4009
4010# Block comments use * on subsequent lines
4011		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
4012		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#starting /*
4013		    $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&		#no trailing */
4014		    $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&			#line is new
4015		    $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {		#no leading *
4016			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4017			     "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
4018		}
4019
4020# Block comments use */ on trailing lines
4021		if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing */
4022		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#inline /*...*/
4023		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing **/
4024		    $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {	#non blank */
4025			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4026			     "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
4027		}
4028
4029# Block comment * alignment
4030		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
4031		    $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&			#leading comment
4032		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&		#leading *
4033		    (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#leading /*
4034		      $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||		#no trailing */
4035		     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {		#leading *
4036			my $oldindent;
4037			$prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
4038			if (defined($1)) {
4039				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
4040			} else {
4041				$prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
4042				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
4043			}
4044			$rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
4045			my $newindent = $1;
4046			$newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
4047			if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
4048				WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4049				     "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
4050			}
4051		}
4052
4053# check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
4054# with exceptions for various attributes and macros
4055		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
4056		    $line =~ /^\+/ &&
4057		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
4058		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:EXPORT_SYMBOL|early_param|ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION)/ ||
4059		      $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
4060		      $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
4061		      $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
4062		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
4063		      $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
4064		      $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
4065		      $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
4066			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
4067				"Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4068			    $fix) {
4069				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4070			}
4071		}
4072
4073# check for multiple consecutive blank lines
4074		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
4075		    $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
4076		    $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
4077			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
4078				"Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
4079			    $fix) {
4080				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4081			}
4082
4083			$last_blank_line = $linenr;
4084		}
4085
4086# check for missing blank lines after declarations
4087# (declarations must have the same indentation and not be at the start of line)
4088		if (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/) {
4089			# use temporaries
4090			my $sl = $sline;
4091			my $pl = $prevline;
4092			# remove $Attribute/$Sparse uses to simplify comparisons
4093			$sl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4094			$pl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4095			if (($pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4096			# function pointer declarations
4097			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4098			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4099			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4100			# known declaration macros
4101			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
4102			# for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
4103			    !($pl =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
4104			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
4105			      $pl =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
4106			# not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
4107			      $pl =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
4108			# looks like a declaration
4109			    !($sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4110			# function pointer declarations
4111			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4112			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4113			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4114			# known declaration macros
4115			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
4116			# start of struct or union or enum
4117			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
4118			# start or end of block or continuation of declaration
4119			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
4120			# bitfield continuation
4121			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
4122			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
4123			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
4124				if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
4125					 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4126				    $fix) {
4127					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4128				}
4129			}
4130		}
4131
4132# check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
4133# Exceptions:
4134#  1) within comments
4135#  2) indented preprocessor commands
4136#  3) hanging labels
4137		if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
4138			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
4139			if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
4140				 "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
4141			    $fix) {
4142				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
4143			}
4144		}
4145
4146# check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
4147		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
4148
4149# check for unusual line ending [ or (
4150		if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
4151			CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
4152			    "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
4153		}
4154
4155# check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
4156		if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
4157		    $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
4158			$context_function = $1;
4159		}
4160
4161# check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
4162		if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
4163			undef $context_function;
4164		}
4165
4166# check indentation of any line with a bare else
4167# (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
4168# if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
4169		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
4170			my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
4171			if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
4172			    ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
4173			     defined $lines[$linenr] &&
4174			     $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
4175				WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
4176				     "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
4177			}
4178		}
4179
4180# check indentation of a line with a break;
4181# if the previous line is a goto, return or break
4182# and is indented the same # of tabs
4183		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
4184			my $tabs = $1;
4185			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
4186				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
4187					 "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
4188				    $fix) {
4189					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4190				}
4191			}
4192		}
4193
4194# check for RCS/CVS revision markers
4195		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
4196			WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
4197			     "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
4198		}
4199
4200# check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
4201		if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
4202			WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
4203			     "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
4204		}
4205
4206# Check for potential 'bare' types
4207		my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
4208		    $realline_next);
4209#print "LINE<$line>\n";
4210		if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
4211		    $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
4212			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4213				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4214			$stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4215			$cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4216
4217#print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
4218			# If this statement has no statement boundaries within
4219			# it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
4220			# until we hit end of it.
4221			my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
4222			if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
4223#print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
4224				$suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
4225			}
4226
4227			# Find the real next line.
4228			$realline_next = $line_nr_next;
4229			if (defined $realline_next &&
4230			    (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
4231			     substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
4232				$realline_next++;
4233			}
4234
4235			my $s = $stat;
4236			$s =~ s/{.*$//s;
4237
4238			# Ignore goto labels.
4239			if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
4240
4241			# Ignore functions being called
4242			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
4243
4244			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
4245
4246			# declarations always start with types
4247			} elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
4248				my $type = $1;
4249				$type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4250				possible($type, "A:" . $s);
4251
4252			# definitions in global scope can only start with types
4253			} elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
4254				possible($1, "B:" . $s);
4255			}
4256
4257			# any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
4258			while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
4259				possible($1, "C:" . $s);
4260			}
4261
4262			# Check for any sort of function declaration.
4263			# int foo(something bar, other baz);
4264			# void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
4265			if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
4266				my ($name_len) = length($1);
4267
4268				my $ctx = $s;
4269				substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
4270				$ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
4271
4272				for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
4273					if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
4274
4275						possible($1, "D:" . $s);
4276					}
4277				}
4278			}
4279
4280		}
4281
4282#
4283# Checks which may be anchored in the context.
4284#
4285
4286# Check for switch () and associated case and default
4287# statements should be at the same indent.
4288		if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
4289			my $err = '';
4290			my $sep = '';
4291			my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
4292			shift(@ctx);
4293			for my $ctx (@ctx) {
4294				my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
4295				if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
4296							$indent != $cindent) {
4297					$err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
4298					$sep = '';
4299				} else {
4300					$sep = "[...]\n";
4301				}
4302			}
4303			if ($err ne '') {
4304				ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
4305				      "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
4306			}
4307		}
4308
4309# if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
4310# or if that brace on the next line is for something else
4311		if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
4312			my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
4313
4314			my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4315
4316			if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
4317				WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
4318				     "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
4319			}
4320
4321			my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
4322			my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
4323
4324			my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
4325			my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
4326
4327			while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
4328					defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
4329					$lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
4330				##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4331				$ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
4332				$ctx_ln++;
4333			}
4334
4335			#print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4336			#print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
4337
4338			if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
4339				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4340				      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
4341					"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4342			}
4343			if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
4344			    $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
4345			    defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
4346			{
4347				my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
4348				if ($nindent > $indent) {
4349					WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4350					     "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
4351						"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4352				}
4353			}
4354		}
4355
4356# Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
4357		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
4358			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4359				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4360					if (!defined $stat);
4361			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4362
4363			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4364
4365			# remove inline comments
4366			$s =~ s/$;/ /g;
4367			$c =~ s/$;/ /g;
4368
4369			# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4370			my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4371			my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4372
4373			# Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
4374			# none on the first line, and are going to readd them
4375			# where necessary.
4376			$s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
4377			while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
4378				$cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
4379			}
4380
4381			# We want to check the first line inside the block
4382			# starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
4383			#  1) any blank line termination
4384			#  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
4385			#  3) any do (...) {
4386			my $continuation = 0;
4387			my $check = 0;
4388			$s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
4389			$s =~ s/^\s*{//;
4390			if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
4391				$continuation = 1;
4392			}
4393			if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
4394				$check = 1;
4395				$cond_lines++;
4396			}
4397
4398			# Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
4399			# preprocessor statement.
4400			if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
4401			    $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
4402				$check = 0;
4403			}
4404
4405			my $cond_ptr = -1;
4406			$continuation = 0;
4407			while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
4408				$cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
4409
4410				# If we see an #else/#elif then the code
4411				# is not linear.
4412				if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
4413					$check = 0;
4414				}
4415
4416				# Ignore:
4417				#  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
4418				#  2) preprocessor lines, and
4419				#  3) labels.
4420				if ($continuation ||
4421				    $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
4422				    $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
4423				    $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4424					$continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
4425					if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
4426						$cond_lines++;
4427					}
4428				}
4429			}
4430
4431			my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
4432			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
4433
4434			# Check if either of these lines are modified, else
4435			# this is not this patch's fault.
4436			if (!defined($stat_real) ||
4437			    $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
4438				$check = 0;
4439			}
4440			if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4441				$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4442			}
4443
4444			#print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
4445
4446			if ($check && $s ne '' &&
4447			    (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
4448			     ($sindent < $indent) ||
4449			     ($sindent == $indent &&
4450			      ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
4451			     ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
4452				WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
4453				     "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
4454			}
4455		}
4456
4457		# Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
4458		my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
4459		my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
4460				annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
4461		$curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
4462		if ($dbg_values) {
4463			my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
4464			print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
4465			print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
4466			print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
4467		}
4468		$prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
4469
4470#ignore lines not being added
4471		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
4472
4473# check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
4474# e.g.:	int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
4475#	struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
4476		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
4477			my $var = $1;
4478			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
4479				WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
4480				     "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
4481			}
4482		}
4483
4484# check for dereferences that span multiple lines
4485		if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
4486		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
4487			$prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
4488			my $ref = $1;
4489			$line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
4490			$ref .= $1;
4491			$ref =~ s/\s//g;
4492			WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
4493			     "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
4494		}
4495
4496# check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
4497		while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
4498			my $type = $1;
4499			my $var = $2;
4500			$var = "" if (!defined $var);
4501			if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
4502				my $sign = $1;
4503				my $pointer = $2;
4504
4505				$pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
4506
4507				if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
4508					 "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4509				    $fix) {
4510					my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
4511					my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
4512					$comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
4513					$decl .= $comp_pointer;
4514					$decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
4515					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
4516				}
4517			}
4518		}
4519
4520# TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
4521		if ($dbg_type) {
4522			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
4523				ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
4524				      "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
4525			} elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
4526				ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
4527				      "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4528			}
4529			next;
4530		}
4531# TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
4532		if ($dbg_attr) {
4533			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
4534				ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
4535				      "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
4536			} elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
4537				ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
4538				      "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4539			}
4540			next;
4541		}
4542
4543# check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
4544		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4545		    $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
4546			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4547				  "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4548			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4549				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4550				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4551				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4552				$fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
4553				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4554				$fixedline = $line;
4555				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
4556				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4557			}
4558		}
4559
4560#
4561# Checks which are anchored on the added line.
4562#
4563
4564# check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
4565		if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
4566			my $path = $1;
4567			if ($path =~ m{//}) {
4568				ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
4569				      "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
4570			}
4571			if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
4572				ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
4573				      "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
4574			}
4575		}
4576
4577# no C99 // comments
4578		if ($line =~ m{//}) {
4579			if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
4580				  "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
4581			    $fix) {
4582				my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
4583				if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
4584					my $comment = trim($1);
4585					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
4586				}
4587			}
4588		}
4589		# Remove C99 comments.
4590		$line =~ s@//.*@@;
4591		$opline =~ s@//.*@@;
4592
4593# EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
4594# the whole statement.
4595#print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
4596		if (defined $realline_next &&
4597		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
4598		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
4599		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4600			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
4601			# a prefix:
4602			#   XXX(foo);
4603			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
4604			my $name = $1;
4605			$name =~ s/^\s*($Ident).*/$1/;
4606			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
4607			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
4608#print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
4609				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4610
4611			} elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
4612				\n.}\s*$|
4613				^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4614				^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4615				^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
4616				^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
4617				\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
4618			    )/x) {
4619#print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
4620				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
4621			} else {
4622				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4623			}
4624		}
4625		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4626		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
4627		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4628#print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
4629			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
4630		}
4631		if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4632		    $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
4633			WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
4634			     "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
4635		}
4636
4637# check for global initialisers.
4638		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/ &&
4639		    !exclude_global_initialisers($realfile)) {
4640			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
4641				  "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4642			    $fix) {
4643				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4644			}
4645		}
4646# check for static initialisers.
4647		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4648			if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
4649				  "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
4650				      $herecurr) &&
4651			    $fix) {
4652				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4653			}
4654		}
4655
4656# check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
4657		while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
4658			my $tmp = trim($1);
4659			WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
4660			     "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
4661		}
4662
4663# check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
4664		while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4665			my $type = trim($1);
4666			next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4667			next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4668			my $new_type = $type;
4669			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4670			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4671			$new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4672			$new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4673			$new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4674			$new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4675			$new_type = trim($new_type);
4676			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4677				 "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4678			    $fix) {
4679				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4680			}
4681		}
4682
4683# check for static const char * arrays.
4684		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4685			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4686			     "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4687				$herecurr);
4688		}
4689
4690# check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4691		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4692			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4693				 "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4694			    $fix) {
4695				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4696			}
4697		}
4698
4699# check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4700		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4701			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4702			     "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4703				$herecurr);
4704		}
4705
4706# check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4707		if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4708			my $found = $1;
4709			if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4710				WARN("CONST_CONST",
4711				     "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4712			} elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4713				WARN("CONST_CONST",
4714				     "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4715			}
4716		}
4717
4718# check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
4719# prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
4720		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
4721		    $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4722			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
4723				 "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4724			    $fix) {
4725				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
4726				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
4727			}
4728		}
4729
4730# check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4731		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4732			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4733			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4734				$herecurr);
4735		}
4736
4737# check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4738		if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4739			my $array = $1;
4740			if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4741				my $array_div = $1;
4742				if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4743					 "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4744				    $fix) {
4745					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4746				}
4747			}
4748		}
4749
4750# check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4751		if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4752			if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4753				  "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4754			    $fix) {
4755				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4756			}
4757		}
4758
4759# check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4760# make sense.
4761		if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4762		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4763		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4764		    $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4765		    $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4766			WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4767			     "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4768		}
4769
4770# * goes on variable not on type
4771		# (char*[ const])
4772		while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4773			#print "AA<$1>\n";
4774			my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4775
4776			# Should start with a space.
4777			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4778			# Should not end with a space.
4779			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
4780			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
4781			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4782			}
4783
4784##			print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4785			if ($from ne $to) {
4786				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4787					  "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4788				    $fix) {
4789					my $sub_from = $ident;
4790					my $sub_to = $ident;
4791					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4792					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4793					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4794				}
4795			}
4796		}
4797		while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4798			#print "BB<$1>\n";
4799			my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4800
4801			# Should start with a space.
4802			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4803			# Should not end with a space.
4804			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
4805			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
4806			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4807			}
4808			# Modifiers should have spaces.
4809			$to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4810
4811##			print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4812			if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4813				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4814					  "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4815				    $fix) {
4816
4817					my $sub_from = $match;
4818					my $sub_to = $match;
4819					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4820					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4821					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4822				}
4823			}
4824		}
4825
4826# do not use BUG() or variants
4827		if ($line =~ /\b(?!AA_|BUILD_|DCCP_|IDA_|KVM_|RWLOCK_|snd_|SPIN_)(?:[a-zA-Z_]*_)?BUG(?:_ON)?(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(/) {
4828			my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4829			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4830			&{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4831				      "Do not crash the kernel unless it is absolutely unavoidable--use WARN_ON_ONCE() plus recovery code (if feasible) instead of BUG() or variants\n" . $herecurr);
4832		}
4833
4834# avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4835		if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4836			WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4837			     "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4838		}
4839
4840# check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4841		if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4842			WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4843			     "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4844		}
4845
4846# printk should use KERN_* levels
4847		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4848			WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4849			     "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4850		}
4851
4852# prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4853		if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4854			my $printk = $1;
4855			my $modifier = $2;
4856			my $orig = $3;
4857			$modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
4858			my $level = lc($orig);
4859			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4860			my $level2 = $level;
4861			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4862			$level .= $modifier;
4863			$level2 .= $modifier;
4864			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4865			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4866		}
4867
4868# prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4869		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4870			my $orig = $1;
4871			my $level = lc($orig);
4872			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4873			$level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4874			WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4875			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4876		}
4877
4878# trace_printk should not be used in production code.
4879		if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
4880			WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
4881			     "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
4882		}
4883
4884# ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4885# number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4886# least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4887		if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4888			WARN("ENOSYS",
4889			     "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4890		}
4891
4892# ENOTSUPP is not a standard error code and should be avoided in new patches.
4893# Folks usually mean EOPNOTSUPP (also called ENOTSUP), when they type ENOTSUPP.
4894# Similarly to ENOSYS warning a small number of false positives is expected.
4895		if (!$file && $line =~ /\bENOTSUPP\b/) {
4896			if (WARN("ENOTSUPP",
4897				 "ENOTSUPP is not a SUSV4 error code, prefer EOPNOTSUPP\n" . $herecurr) &&
4898			    $fix) {
4899				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bENOTSUPP\b/EOPNOTSUPP/;
4900			}
4901		}
4902
4903# function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4904# or if closed on same line
4905		if ($perl_version_ok &&
4906		    $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4907		    $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4908		    $sline !~ /}/) {
4909			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4910				  "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4911			    $fix) {
4912				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4913				my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4914				$fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*)\{(.*)$/;
4915				my $line1 = $1;
4916				my $line2 = $2;
4917				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4918				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4919				if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4920					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4921				}
4922			}
4923		}
4924
4925# open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4926		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4927		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4928			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4929				  "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4930			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4931				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4932				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4933				my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4934				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4935				$fixedline = $rawline;
4936				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4937				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4938					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4939				}
4940			}
4941		}
4942
4943# missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4944		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4945			if (WARN("SPACING",
4946				 "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4947			    $fix) {
4948				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4949				    s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4950			}
4951		}
4952
4953# Function pointer declarations
4954# check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4955# canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4956		if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4957			my $declare = $1;
4958			my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4959			my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4960			my $funcname = $4;
4961			my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4962			my $pre_args_space = $6;
4963
4964# the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4965# so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4966# don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4967			my $post_declare_space = "";
4968			if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4969				$post_declare_space = $1;
4970				$declare = rtrim($declare);
4971			}
4972			if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4973				WARN("SPACING",
4974				     "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4975				$post_declare_space = " ";
4976			}
4977
4978# unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4979# This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4980# equivalent to
4981#	int  foo(int bar, ...)
4982# and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4983#
4984#			elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4985#				WARN("SPACING",
4986#				     "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4987#			}
4988
4989# unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4990			if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4991			    $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4992				WARN("SPACING",
4993				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4994			}
4995
4996# unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4997			if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4998			    $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4999				WARN("SPACING",
5000				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
5001			}
5002
5003# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
5004			if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
5005			    $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
5006				WARN("SPACING",
5007				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
5008			}
5009
5010# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
5011			if (defined $pre_args_space &&
5012			    $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
5013				WARN("SPACING",
5014				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
5015			}
5016
5017			if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
5018				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5019				    s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
5020			}
5021		}
5022
5023# check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
5024#  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
5025#  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
5026#  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
5027		while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
5028			my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
5029			if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
5030			    ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
5031			    $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
5032				if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
5033					  "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5034				    $fix) {
5035				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5036					s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
5037				}
5038			}
5039		}
5040
5041# check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
5042		while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
5043			my $name = $1;
5044			my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
5045			my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
5046
5047			# Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
5048			if ($name =~ /^(?:
5049				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
5050				volatile|__volatile__|
5051				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
5052				asm|__asm__|scoped_guard)$/x)
5053			{
5054			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
5055			# if there is a space between the name and the open
5056			# parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
5057			} elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
5058
5059			# cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
5060			} elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
5061
5062			# If this whole things ends with a type its most
5063			# likely a typedef for a function.
5064			} elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
5065
5066			} else {
5067				if (WARN("SPACING",
5068					 "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5069					     $fix) {
5070					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5071					    s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
5072				}
5073			}
5074		}
5075
5076# Check operator spacing.
5077		if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
5078			my $fixed_line = "";
5079			my $line_fixed = 0;
5080
5081			my $ops = qr{
5082				<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
5083				\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
5084				=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
5085				&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
5086				\?:|\?|:
5087			}x;
5088			my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
5089
5090##			print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
5091##			foreach my $el (@elements) {
5092##				print("el: <$el>\n");
5093##			}
5094
5095			my @fix_elements = ();
5096			my $off = 0;
5097
5098			foreach my $el (@elements) {
5099				push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
5100				$off += length($el);
5101			}
5102
5103			$off = 0;
5104
5105			my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
5106			my $last_after = -1;
5107
5108			for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
5109
5110				my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
5111
5112##				print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
5113
5114				$off += length($elements[$n]);
5115
5116				# Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
5117				my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
5118				my $cc = '';
5119				if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
5120					$cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
5121				}
5122				my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
5123
5124				my $a = '';
5125				$a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
5126				$a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
5127				$a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
5128				$a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
5129				$a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
5130				$a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
5131
5132				my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
5133
5134				my $c = '';
5135				if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
5136					$c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
5137					$c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
5138					$c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
5139					$c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
5140					$c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
5141					$c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
5142				} else {
5143					$c = 'E';
5144				}
5145
5146				my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
5147
5148				my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
5149
5150				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
5151				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
5152
5153				# Pull out the value of this operator.
5154				my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
5155
5156				# Get the full operator variant.
5157				my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
5158
5159				# Ignore operators passed as parameters.
5160				if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
5161				    $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
5162
5163#				# Ignore comments
5164#				} elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
5165
5166				# ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
5167				} elsif ($op eq ';') {
5168					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
5169					    $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
5170						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5171							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5172							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5173							$line_fixed = 1;
5174						}
5175					}
5176
5177				# // is a comment
5178				} elsif ($op eq '//') {
5179
5180				#   :   when part of a bitfield
5181				} elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
5182					# skip the bitfield test for now
5183
5184				# No spaces for:
5185				#   ->
5186				} elsif ($op eq '->') {
5187					if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
5188						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5189							  "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5190							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5191							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5192								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5193							}
5194							$line_fixed = 1;
5195						}
5196					}
5197
5198				# , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
5199				} elsif ($op eq ',') {
5200					my $rtrim_before = 0;
5201					my $space_after = 0;
5202					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
5203						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5204							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5205							$line_fixed = 1;
5206							$rtrim_before = 1;
5207						}
5208					}
5209					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
5210						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5211							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5212							$line_fixed = 1;
5213							$last_after = $n;
5214							$space_after = 1;
5215						}
5216					}
5217					if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
5218						if ($rtrim_before) {
5219							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5220						} else {
5221							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5222						}
5223						if ($space_after) {
5224							$good .= " ";
5225						}
5226					}
5227
5228				# '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
5229				} elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
5230					#warn "'*' is part of type\n";
5231
5232				# unary operators should have a space before and
5233				# none after.  May be left adjacent to another
5234				# unary operator, or a cast
5235				} elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
5236					 $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
5237					 $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
5238					if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
5239						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5240							  "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5241							if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
5242								$good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5243								$line_fixed = 1;
5244							}
5245						}
5246					}
5247					if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
5248						# A unary '*' may be const
5249
5250					} elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
5251						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5252							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5253							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5254							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5255								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5256							}
5257							$line_fixed = 1;
5258						}
5259					}
5260
5261				# unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
5262				} elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
5263					if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
5264						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5265							  "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5266							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5267							$line_fixed = 1;
5268						}
5269					}
5270					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
5271					    ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
5272						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5273							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5274							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5275							$line_fixed = 1;
5276						}
5277					}
5278					if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
5279						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5280							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5281							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5282							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5283								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5284							}
5285							$line_fixed = 1;
5286						}
5287					}
5288
5289				# << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
5290				} elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
5291					 $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
5292					 $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
5293					 $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
5294					 $op eq '%')
5295				{
5296					if ($check) {
5297						if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
5298							if (CHK("SPACING",
5299								"spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5300								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5301								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5302								$line_fixed = 1;
5303							}
5304						} elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
5305							if (CHK("SPACING",
5306								"space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5307								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5308								$line_fixed = 1;
5309							}
5310						}
5311					} elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
5312						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5313							  "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5314							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5315							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5316								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5317							}
5318							$line_fixed = 1;
5319						}
5320					}
5321
5322				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
5323				# terminating a case value or a label.
5324				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
5325					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./ and $realfile !~ m@.*\.lds\.h$@) {
5326						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5327							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5328							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5329							$line_fixed = 1;
5330						}
5331					}
5332
5333				# All the others need spaces both sides.
5334				} elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
5335					my $ok = 0;
5336
5337					# Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
5338					if (($op eq '<' &&
5339					     $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
5340					    ($op eq '>' &&
5341					     $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
5342					{
5343						$ok = 1;
5344					}
5345
5346					# for asm volatile statements
5347					# ignore a colon with another
5348					# colon immediately before or after
5349					if (($op eq ':') &&
5350					    ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
5351						$ok = 1;
5352					}
5353
5354					# messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
5355					if ($ok == 0) {
5356						my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
5357						$msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
5358
5359						if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
5360								  "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5361							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5362							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5363								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5364							}
5365							$line_fixed = 1;
5366						}
5367					}
5368				}
5369				$off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
5370
5371##				print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
5372
5373				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
5374			}
5375
5376			if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
5377				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
5378			}
5379
5380			if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
5381				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
5382			}
5383
5384
5385		}
5386
5387# check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
5388		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
5389			if (WARN("SPACING",
5390				 "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5391			    $fix) {
5392				1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5393				    s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
5394			}
5395		}
5396
5397# check for multiple assignments
5398		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
5399			CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
5400			    "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5401		}
5402
5403## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
5404## # continuation.
5405## 		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
5406## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
5407##
5408## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
5409## 			# falsely report the parameters of functions.
5410## 			my $ln = $line;
5411## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
5412## 			}
5413## 			if ($ln =~ /,/) {
5414## 				WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
5415##				     "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5416## 			}
5417## 		}
5418
5419#need space before brace following if, while, etc
5420		if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
5421		    $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
5422			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5423				  "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5424			    $fix) {
5425				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
5426			}
5427		}
5428
5429## # check for blank lines before declarations
5430##		if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
5431##		    $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
5432##			WARN("SPACING",
5433##			     "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
5434##		}
5435##
5436
5437# closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
5438# on the line
5439		if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
5440			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5441				  "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5442			    $fix) {
5443				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5444				    s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
5445			}
5446		}
5447
5448# check spacing on square brackets
5449		if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
5450			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5451				  "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5452			    $fix) {
5453				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5454				    s/\[\s+/\[/;
5455			}
5456		}
5457		if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
5458			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5459				  "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5460			    $fix) {
5461				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5462				    s/\s+\]/\]/;
5463			}
5464		}
5465
5466# check spacing on parentheses
5467		if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
5468		    $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
5469			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5470				  "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5471			    $fix) {
5472				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5473				    s/\(\s+/\(/;
5474			}
5475		}
5476		if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
5477		    $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
5478		    $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
5479			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5480				  "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5481			    $fix) {
5482				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5483				    s/\s+\)/\)/;
5484			}
5485		}
5486
5487# check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
5488# ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
5489
5490		while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
5491			my $var = $1;
5492			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5493				"Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5494			    $fix) {
5495				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
5496			}
5497		}
5498
5499# check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
5500# ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
5501# but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
5502		if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
5503			my $var = $2;
5504			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5505				"Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5506			    $fix) {
5507				my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
5508				$var2 =~ s/\s//g;
5509				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
5510			}
5511		}
5512
5513# check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
5514# when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
5515		if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
5516		    $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
5517		    $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
5518			my $if_stat = $1;
5519			my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
5520			my $herectx;
5521			while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
5522				my $match = $1;
5523				# avoid parentheses around potential macro args
5524				next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
5525				if (!defined($herectx)) {
5526					$herectx = $here . "\n";
5527					my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
5528					for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5529						my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
5530						$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
5531						last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
5532					}
5533				}
5534				CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5535				    "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
5536			}
5537		}
5538
5539# check that goto labels aren't indented (allow a single space indentation)
5540# and ignore bitfield definitions like foo:1
5541# Strictly, labels can have whitespace after the identifier and before the :
5542# but this is not allowed here as many ?: uses would appear to be labels
5543		if ($sline =~ /^.\s+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*:(?!\s*\d+)/ &&
5544		    $sline !~ /^. [A-Za-z\d_][A-Za-z\d_]*:/ &&
5545		    $sline !~ /^.\s+default:/) {
5546			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
5547				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
5548			    $fix) {
5549				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5550				    s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
5551			}
5552		}
5553
5554# check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
5555#	foo = bar(),	/* comma should be semicolon */
5556#	bar = baz();
5557		if (defined($stat) &&
5558		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
5559			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5560			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5561			WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
5562			     "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
5563		}
5564
5565# return is not a function
5566		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
5567			my $spacing = $1;
5568			if ($perl_version_ok &&
5569			    $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
5570				my $value = $1;
5571				$value = deparenthesize($value);
5572				if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
5573					ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
5574					      "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
5575				}
5576			} elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
5577				ERROR("SPACING",
5578				      "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
5579			}
5580		}
5581
5582# unnecessary return in a void function
5583# at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
5584# and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
5585		if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
5586		    $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
5587		    $linenr >= 3 &&
5588		    $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
5589		    $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
5590			WARN("RETURN_VOID",
5591			     "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
5592		}
5593
5594# if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
5595		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5596		    $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
5597			my $openparens = $1;
5598			my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
5599			my $msg = "";
5600			if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
5601				my $comp = $4;	#Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
5602				$msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
5603				WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5604				     "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
5605			}
5606		}
5607
5608# comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
5609#	avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
5610#	only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
5611#	conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
5612		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5613		    $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
5614			my $lead = $1;
5615			my $const = $2;
5616			my $comp = $3;
5617			my $to = $4;
5618			my $newcomp = $comp;
5619			if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
5620			    $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
5621			    WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
5622				 "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
5623			    $fix) {
5624				if ($comp eq "<") {
5625					$newcomp = ">";
5626				} elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
5627					$newcomp = ">=";
5628				} elsif ($comp eq ">") {
5629					$newcomp = "<";
5630				} elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
5631					$newcomp = "<=";
5632				}
5633				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
5634			}
5635		}
5636
5637# Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
5638		if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
5639			my $name = $1;
5640			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR' && $name !~ /^EPOLL/) {
5641				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
5642				     "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
5643			}
5644		}
5645
5646# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
5647		if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
5648			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5649				  "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5650			    $fix) {
5651				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5652				    s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
5653			}
5654		}
5655
5656# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
5657# statements after the conditional.
5658		if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
5659			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
5660				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
5661					if (!defined $stat);
5662			my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
5663						$remain_next, $off_next);
5664			$stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
5665			##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
5666
5667			if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
5668				# If the statement carries leading newlines,
5669				# then count those as offsets.
5670				my ($whitespace) =
5671					($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5672				my $offset =
5673					statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5674
5675				$suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
5676								$offset} = 1;
5677			}
5678		}
5679		if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
5680		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
5681		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
5682			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
5683			my $fixed_assign_in_if = 0;
5684
5685			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
5686				if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
5687					  "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr) &&
5688				    $fix && $perl_version_ok) {
5689					if ($rawline =~ /^\+(\s+)if\s*\(\s*(\!)?\s*\(\s*(($Lval)\s*=\s*$LvalOrFunc)\s*\)\s*(?:($Compare)\s*($FuncArg))?\s*\)\s*(\{)?\s*$/) {
5690						my $space = $1;
5691						my $not = $2;
5692						my $statement = $3;
5693						my $assigned = $4;
5694						my $test = $8;
5695						my $against = $9;
5696						my $brace = $15;
5697						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5698						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "$space$statement;");
5699						my $newline = "${space}if (";
5700						$newline .= '!' if defined($not);
5701						$newline .= '(' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5702						$newline .= "$assigned";
5703						$newline .= " $test $against" if (defined($test) && defined($against));
5704						$newline .= ')' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5705						$newline .= ')';
5706						$newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
5707						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
5708						$fixed_assign_in_if = 1;
5709					}
5710				}
5711			}
5712
5713			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5714			# conditional.
5715			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5716			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5717			$s =~ s/$;//g;	# Remove any comments
5718			if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
5719			    $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
5720			{
5721				# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
5722				my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
5723				my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
5724				my $stat_real = '';
5725
5726				$stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
5727							. "\n" if ($cond_lines);
5728				if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
5729					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
5730				}
5731
5732				if (ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5733					  "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real) &&
5734				    !$fixed_assign_in_if &&
5735				    $cond_lines == 0 &&
5736				    $fix && $perl_version_ok &&
5737				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ /^\+(\s*)((?:if|while|for)\s*$balanced_parens)\s*(.*)$/) {
5738					my $indent = $1;
5739					my $test = $2;
5740					my $rest = rtrim($4);
5741					if ($rest =~ /;$/) {
5742						$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+$indent$test";
5743						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, "$indent\t$rest");
5744					}
5745				}
5746			}
5747		}
5748
5749# Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
5750		if ($line =~ /
5751			(?:
5752				(?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5753				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5754				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
5755			|
5756				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
5757				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5758				(?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5759			)/x)
5760		{
5761			WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5762			     "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5763		}
5764
5765# if and else should not have general statements after it
5766		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5767			my $s = $1;
5768			$s =~ s/$;//g;	# Remove any comments
5769			if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5770				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5771				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5772			}
5773		}
5774# if should not continue a brace
5775		if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5776			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5777			      "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5778				$herecurr);
5779		}
5780# case and default should not have general statements after them
5781		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5782		    $line !~ /\G(?:
5783			(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5784			\s*return\s+
5785		    )/xg)
5786		{
5787			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5788			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5789		}
5790
5791		# Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5792		# indent level to be relevant to each other.
5793		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5794		    $previndent == $indent) {
5795			if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5796				  "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5797			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5798				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5799				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5800				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5801				$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5802				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5803					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5804				}
5805				$fixedline = $rawline;
5806				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5807				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5808			}
5809		}
5810
5811		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5812		    $previndent == $indent) {
5813			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5814
5815			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5816			# conditional.
5817			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5818			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5819
5820			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5821				if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5822					  "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5823				    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5824					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5825					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5826					my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5827					my $trailing = $rawline;
5828					$trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5829					$trailing = trim($trailing);
5830					$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5831					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5832				}
5833			}
5834		}
5835
5836#Specific variable tests
5837		while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5838			my $var = $1;
5839
5840#CamelCase
5841			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5842			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5843#Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
5844			    $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
5845#Ignore Page<foo> variants
5846			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5847#Ignore ETHTOOL_LINK_MODE_<foo> variants
5848			    $var !~ /^ETHTOOL_LINK_MODE_/ &&
5849#Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5850#(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5851			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5852#Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5853			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5854				while ($var =~ m{\b($Ident)}g) {
5855					my $word = $1;
5856					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5857					if ($check) {
5858						seed_camelcase_includes();
5859						if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5860							seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5861							$camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5862						}
5863					}
5864					if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5865						$camelcase{$word} = 1;
5866						CHK("CAMELCASE",
5867						    "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5868					}
5869				}
5870			}
5871		}
5872
5873#no spaces allowed after \ in define
5874		if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5875			if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5876				 "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5877			    $fix) {
5878				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5879			}
5880		}
5881
5882# warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5883# itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5884		if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5885			my $file = "$1.h";
5886			my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5887			if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5888			    $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5889			    $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5890			{
5891				my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5892				if ($asminclude > 0) {
5893					if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5894						CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5895						    "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5896					} else {
5897						WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5898						     "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5899					}
5900				}
5901			}
5902		}
5903
5904# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5905# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5906# in a known good container
5907		if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5908		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5909			my $ln = $linenr;
5910			my $cnt = $realcnt;
5911			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5912			my $ctx = '';
5913			my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5914			my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5915			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5916				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5917			$ctx = $dstat;
5918			#print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5919			#print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5920
5921			$has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5922			$has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5923
5924			$dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5925			my $define_args = $1;
5926			my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5927			my @def_args = ();
5928
5929			if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5930				$define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5931				$define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5932				$define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5933				@def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5934			}
5935
5936			$dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5937			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5938			$dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5939			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5940
5941			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
5942			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
5943			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
5944			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
5945			{
5946			}
5947
5948			# Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5949			while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5950			       $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5951			{
5952			}
5953
5954			# Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5955			$dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5956
5957			my $exceptions = qr{
5958				$Declare|
5959				module_param_named|
5960				MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5961				DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5962				DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5963				__typeof__\(|
5964				union|
5965				struct|
5966				\.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5967				^\"|\"$|
5968				^\[
5969			}x;
5970			#print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5971
5972			$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5973			my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5974			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5975
5976			if ($dstat ne '' &&
5977			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&			# 10, // foo(),
5978			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&			# foo();
5979			    $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&		# 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5980			    $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&			# character constants
5981			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5982			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
5983			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
5984			    $dstat !~ /^case\b/ &&					# case ...
5985			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5986			    $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&		# while (...) {...}
5987			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
5988			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
5989			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
5990			    $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&						# ({...
5991			    $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5992			{
5993				if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5994					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5995					      "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5996				} elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5997					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5998					      "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5999				} else {
6000					ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
6001					      "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
6002				}
6003
6004			}
6005
6006			# Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
6007			my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
6008			my $first = 1;
6009			$define_stmt = "";
6010			foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
6011				$l =~ s/\\$//;
6012				if ($first) {
6013					$define_stmt = $l;
6014					$first = 0;
6015				} elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
6016					$define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
6017				}
6018			}
6019			$define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
6020			$define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
6021			$define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
6022
6023# check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
6024			foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
6025			        next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
6026			        next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
6027				my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
6028				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(__must_be_array|offsetof|sizeof|sizeof_field|__stringify|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
6029				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
6030				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
6031				my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
6032				if ($use_cnt > 1) {
6033					CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
6034					    "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
6035				    }
6036# check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
6037				if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
6038				    ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
6039				     (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
6040					CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
6041					    "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
6042				}
 
 
 
 
 
 
6043			}
6044
6045# check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
6046# ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
6047			if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
6048				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6049				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6050
6051				WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
6052				     "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
6053			}
6054
6055# check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
6056
6057		} elsif ($realfile =~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@) {
6058		    $line =~ s/(\w+)/$maybe_linker_symbol{$1}++/ge;
6059		    #print "REAL: $realfile\nln: $line\nkeys:", sort keys %maybe_linker_symbol;
6060		} else {
6061			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
6062			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
6063			    $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&	# asm
6064			    $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
6065				WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6066				     "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
6067			}
6068		}
6069
6070# do {} while (0) macro tests:
6071# single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
6072# macro should not end with a semicolon
6073		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6074		    $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
6075		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
6076			my $ln = $linenr;
6077			my $cnt = $realcnt;
6078			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
6079			my $ctx = '';
6080			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
6081				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
6082			$ctx = $dstat;
6083
6084			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
6085			$dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
6086
6087			if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
6088				my $stmts = $2;
6089				my $semis = $3;
6090
6091				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6092				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6093				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6094
6095				if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
6096				    $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
6097					WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
6098					     "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
6099				}
6100				if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
6101					WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6102					     "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
6103				}
6104			} elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
6105				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6106				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6107				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6108
6109				WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6110				     "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
6111			}
6112		}
6113
6114# check for redundant bracing round if etc
6115		if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
6116			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6117				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
6118			#print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
6119			#print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
6120			if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
6121				my @allowed = ();
6122				my $allow = 0;
6123				my $seen = 0;
6124				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6125				my $ln = $linenr - 1;
6126				for my $chunk (@chunks) {
6127					my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
6128
6129					# If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
6130					my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
6131					my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
6132
6133					$allowed[$allow] = 0;
6134					#print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
6135
6136					# We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
6137					$suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
6138
6139					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
6140					$ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
6141
6142					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6143
6144					$seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
6145
6146					#print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
6147					if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6148						#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6149						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6150					}
6151					if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6152						#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6153						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6154					}
6155					if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6156						#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6157						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6158					}
6159					$allow++;
6160				}
6161				if ($seen) {
6162					my $sum_allowed = 0;
6163					foreach (@allowed) {
6164						$sum_allowed += $_;
6165					}
6166					if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
6167						WARN("BRACES",
6168						     "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6169					} elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
6170						 $seen != $allow) {
6171						CHK("BRACES",
6172						    "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6173					}
6174				}
6175			}
6176		}
6177		if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
6178					$line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
6179			my $allowed = 0;
6180
6181			# Check the pre-context.
6182			if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
6183				#print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
6184				$allowed = 1;
6185			}
6186
6187			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6188				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
6189
6190			# Check the condition.
6191			my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
6192			#print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
6193			if (defined $cond) {
6194				substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6195			}
6196			if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6197				#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6198				$allowed = 1;
6199			}
6200			if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6201				#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6202				$allowed = 1;
6203			}
6204			if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6205				#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6206				$allowed = 1;
6207			}
6208			# Check the post-context.
6209			if (defined $chunks[1]) {
6210				my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
6211				if (defined $cond) {
6212					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6213				}
6214				if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
6215					#print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
6216					$allowed = 1;
6217				}
6218			}
6219			if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
6220				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
6221				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6222
6223				WARN("BRACES",
6224				     "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
6225			}
6226		}
6227
6228# check for single line unbalanced braces
6229		if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
6230		    $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
6231			CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
6232		}
6233
6234# check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
6235		if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
6236			if (CHK("BRACES",
6237				"Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6238			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
6239				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6240			}
6241		}
6242		if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
6243			if (CHK("BRACES",
6244				"Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6245			    $fix) {
6246				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6247			}
6248		}
6249
6250# no volatiles please
6251		my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
6252		if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
6253			WARN("VOLATILE",
6254			     "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6255		}
6256
6257# Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
6258# to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
6259# newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
6260# (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
6261		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
6262		    $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
6263		    $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
6264			if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
6265				 "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
6266				     $fix &&
6267				     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
6268				     $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
6269				my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6270				my $comma_close = "";
6271				if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
6272					$comma_close = $1;
6273				}
6274
6275				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6276				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6277				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
6278				$fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
6279				$fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
6280				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
6281				$fixedline = $rawline;
6282				$fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
6283				if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
6284					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
6285				}
6286				$last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
6287			}
6288		}
6289
6290# check for missing a space in a string concatenation
6291		if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
6292			WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
6293			     "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
6294		}
6295
6296# check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
6297# This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
6298# context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
6299# function declarations
6300		if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
6301		    defined($context_function) &&
6302		    get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
6303		    length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
6304			WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
6305			     "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
6306		}
6307
6308# check for unnecessary function tracing like uses
6309# This does not use $logFunctions because there are many instances like
6310# 'dprintk(FOO, "%s()\n", __func__);' which do not match $logFunctions
6311		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\([^"]*"$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}%s(?:\s*\(\s*\)\s*)?$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}(?:\\n)?"\s*,\s*__func__\s*\)\s*;/) {
6312			if (WARN("TRACING_LOGGING",
6313				 "Unnecessary ftrace-like logging - prefer using ftrace\n" . $herecurr) &&
6314			    $fix) {
6315                                fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6316			}
6317		}
6318
6319# check for spaces before a quoted newline
6320		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
6321			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
6322				 "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
6323			    $fix) {
6324				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
6325			}
6326
6327		}
6328
6329# concatenated string without spaces between elements
6330		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ ||
6331		    ($line =~ /([A-Za-z0-9_]+)$String/ && $1 !~ /^[Lu]$/)) {
6332			if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
6333				"Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
6334			    $fix) {
6335				while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
6336					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6337					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
6338					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
6339				}
6340			}
6341		}
6342
6343# uncoalesced string fragments
6344		if ($line =~ /$String\s*[Lu]?"/) {
6345			if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
6346				 "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
6347			    $fix) {
6348				while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
6349					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6350					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
6351				}
6352			}
6353		}
6354
6355# check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
6356		my $show_L = 1;	#don't show the same defect twice
6357		my $show_Z = 1;
6358		while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
6359			my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
6360			$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
6361			# check for %L
6362			if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
6363				WARN("PRINTF_L",
6364				     "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
6365				$show_L = 0;
6366			}
6367			# check for %Z
6368			if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
6369				WARN("PRINTF_Z",
6370				     "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
6371				$show_Z = 0;
6372			}
6373			# check for 0x<decimal>
6374			if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
6375				ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
6376				      "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
6377			}
6378		}
6379
6380# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
6381		if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
6382			WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6383			     "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
6384		}
6385
6386# warn about #if 0
6387		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
6388			WARN("IF_0",
6389			     "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6390		}
6391
6392# warn about #if 1
6393		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
6394			WARN("IF_1",
6395			     "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6396		}
6397
6398# check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
6399		if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
6400			my $tested = quotemeta($1);
6401			my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
6402			if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
6403				my $func = $1;
6404				if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
6405					 "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
6406				    $fix) {
6407					my $do_fix = 1;
6408					my $leading_tabs = "";
6409					my $new_leading_tabs = "";
6410					if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
6411						$leading_tabs = $1;
6412					} else {
6413						$do_fix = 0;
6414					}
6415					if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6416						$new_leading_tabs = $1;
6417						if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
6418							$do_fix = 0;
6419						}
6420					} else {
6421						$do_fix = 0;
6422					}
6423					if ($do_fix) {
6424						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6425						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
6426					}
6427				}
6428			}
6429		}
6430
6431# check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
6432		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6433		    $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
6434		    (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
6435		    $linenr > 3) {
6436			my $testval = $2;
6437			my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
6438
6439			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
6440#			print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
6441
6442			if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6443			    $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
6444				WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
6445				     "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
6446			}
6447		}
6448
6449# check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
6450		if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
6451		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
6452			my $level = $1;
6453			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
6454				 "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
6455			    $fix) {
6456				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
6457			}
6458		}
6459
6460# check for logging continuations
6461		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
6462			WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
6463			     "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
6464		}
6465
6466# check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
6467		if (defined $stat &&
6468		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6469		    index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
6470			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6471			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6472			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6473			pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
6474			while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
6475				my $pspec = $1;
6476				my $h = $2;
6477				my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
6478				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
6479					 "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
6480				    $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
6481					my $nspec = $pspec;
6482					$nspec =~ s/h//g;
6483					$fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
6484				}
6485			}
6486		}
6487
6488# check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
6489		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6490		    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
6491		    $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
6492			WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
6493			     "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
6494		}
6495
6496# check for pointer comparisons to NULL
6497		if ($perl_version_ok) {
6498			while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
6499				my $val = $1;
6500				my $equal = "!";
6501				$equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
6502				if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
6503					"Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
6504					    $fix) {
6505					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
6506				}
6507			}
6508		}
6509
6510# check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
6511		if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
6512			my $attr = $1;
6513			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
6514				my $ptr = $1;
6515				my $var = $2;
6516				if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6517				      ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
6518					    "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
6519				     ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6520				      WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
6521					   "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
6522				    $fix) {
6523					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
6524				}
6525			}
6526		}
6527
6528# check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
6529		if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
6530			my $attr = $1;
6531			$attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
6532			my $attr_prefix = $1;
6533			my $attr_type = $2;
6534			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6535				  "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
6536			    $fix) {
6537				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6538				    s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
6539			}
6540		}
6541
6542# check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
6543		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
6544			my $attr = $1;
6545			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6546				  "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
6547			    $fix) {
6548				my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6549				    /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
6550				$lead = rtrim($1);
6551				$lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
6552				$lead = "${lead}const ";
6553				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
6554			}
6555		}
6556
6557# check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
6558		if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
6559		    $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
6560			if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
6561				  "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
6562			    $fix) {
6563				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
6564			}
6565		}
6566
6567# don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
6568		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6569		    $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
6570			my $constant_func = $1;
6571			my $func = $constant_func;
6572			$func =~ s/^__constant_//;
6573			if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
6574				 "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
6575			    $fix) {
6576				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
6577			}
6578		}
6579
6580# prefer usleep_range over udelay
6581		if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
6582			my $delay = $1;
6583			# ignore udelay's < 10, however
6584			if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
6585				CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
6586				    "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6587			}
6588			if ($delay > 2000) {
6589				WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
6590				     "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
6591			}
6592		}
6593
6594# warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
6595		if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
6596			if ($1 < 20) {
6597				WARN("MSLEEP",
6598				     "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6599			}
6600		}
6601
6602# check for comparisons of jiffies
6603		if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
6604			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6605			     "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6606		}
6607
6608# check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
6609		if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6610			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6611			     "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6612		}
6613
6614# warn about #ifdefs in C files
6615#		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
6616#			print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
6617#			print "$herecurr";
6618#			$clean = 0;
6619#		}
6620
6621# warn about spacing in #ifdefs
6622		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
6623			if (ERROR("SPACING",
6624				  "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6625			    $fix) {
6626				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6627				    s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
6628			}
6629
6630		}
6631
6632# check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
6633		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
6634		    $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
6635			my $which = $1;
6636			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6637				CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
6638				    "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6639			}
6640		}
6641# check for memory barriers without a comment.
6642
6643		my $barriers = qr{
6644			mb|
6645			rmb|
6646			wmb
6647		}x;
6648		my $barrier_stems = qr{
6649			mb__before_atomic|
6650			mb__after_atomic|
6651			store_release|
6652			load_acquire|
6653			store_mb|
6654			(?:$barriers)
6655		}x;
6656		my $all_barriers = qr{
6657			(?:$barriers)|
6658			smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
6659			virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
6660		}x;
6661
6662		if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6663			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6664				WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6665				     "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6666			}
6667		}
6668
6669		my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
6670
6671		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
6672		    $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
6673		    $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
6674		    $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6675			WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6676			     "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
6677		}
6678
6679# check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
6680		if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
6681			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6682				WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
6683				     "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6684			}
6685		}
6686
6687# check for data_race without a comment.
6688		if ($line =~ /\bdata_race\s*\(/) {
6689			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6690				WARN("DATA_RACE",
6691				     "data_race without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6692			}
6693		}
6694
6695# check of hardware specific defines
6696		if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
6697			CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
6698			    "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
6699		}
6700
6701# check that the storage class is not after a type
6702		if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
6703			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6704			     "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
6705		}
6706# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
6707		if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
6708		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
6709		    $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
6710		    $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
6711			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6712			     "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
6713		}
6714
6715# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
6716# storage class and type.
6717		if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
6718		    $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
6719			ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
6720			      "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
6721		}
6722
6723# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
6724		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6725		    $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
6726			if (WARN("INLINE",
6727				 "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6728			    $fix) {
6729				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
6730
6731			}
6732		}
6733
6734# Check for compiler attributes
6735		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6736		    $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
6737			my $attr = $1;
6738			$attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
6739
6740			my %attr_list = (
6741				"alias"				=> "__alias",
6742				"aligned"			=> "__aligned",
6743				"always_inline"			=> "__always_inline",
6744				"assume_aligned"		=> "__assume_aligned",
6745				"cold"				=> "__cold",
6746				"const"				=> "__attribute_const__",
6747				"copy"				=> "__copy",
6748				"designated_init"		=> "__designated_init",
6749				"externally_visible"		=> "__visible",
6750				"format"			=> "printf|scanf",
6751				"gnu_inline"			=> "__gnu_inline",
6752				"malloc"			=> "__malloc",
6753				"mode"				=> "__mode",
6754				"no_caller_saved_registers"	=> "__no_caller_saved_registers",
6755				"noclone"			=> "__noclone",
6756				"noinline"			=> "noinline",
6757				"nonstring"			=> "__nonstring",
6758				"noreturn"			=> "__noreturn",
6759				"packed"			=> "__packed",
6760				"pure"				=> "__pure",
6761				"section"			=> "__section",
6762				"used"				=> "__used",
6763				"weak"				=> "__weak"
6764			);
6765
6766			while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
6767				my $orig_attr = $1;
6768				my $params = '';
6769				$params = $2 if defined($2);
6770				my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
6771				$curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
6772				if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
6773					my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
6774					if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
6775						$params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
6776						$new = "__$1\($2";
6777					} else {
6778						$new = "$new$params";
6779					}
6780					if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6781						 "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
6782					    $fix) {
6783						my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
6784						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
6785						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
6786						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
6787						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
6788					}
6789				}
6790			}
6791
6792			# Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
6793			if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
6794				WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6795				     "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
6796			}
6797		}
6798
6799# Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
6800		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6801		    $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
6802		    ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
6803		     $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
6804			ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
6805			      "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
6806		}
6807
6808# check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
6809		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6810		    $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
6811		    $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
6812			my $type = $1;
6813			if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6814				$type = $1;
6815				my $kernel_type = 'u';
6816				$kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6817				$type =~ /(\d+)/;
6818				$kernel_type .= $1;
6819				if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6820					"Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6821				    $fix) {
6822					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6823				}
6824			}
6825		}
6826
6827# check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6828		if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6829			my $cast = $1;
6830			my $const = $2;
6831			my $suffix = "";
6832			my $newconst = $const;
6833			$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6834			$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6835			if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6836			    $suffix .= 'LL';
6837			} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6838			    $suffix .= 'L';
6839			}
6840			if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6841				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant - '$cast$const' could be '$const$suffix'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6842			    $fix) {
6843				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6844			}
6845		}
6846
6847# check for sizeof(&)
6848		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6849			WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6850			     "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6851		}
6852
6853# check for sizeof without parenthesis
6854		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6855			if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6856				 "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6857			    $fix) {
6858				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6859			}
6860		}
6861
6862# check for struct spinlock declarations
6863		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6864			WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6865			     "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6866		}
6867
6868# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6869		if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6870			my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6871			$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6872			if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6873				if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6874					 "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6875				    $fix) {
6876					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6877				}
6878			}
6879		}
6880
6881# check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6882		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6883		    defined $stat &&
6884		    $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6885		    $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6886			my $stat_real;
6887
6888			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6889			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6890		        for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6891				my $specifier;
6892				my $extension;
6893				my $qualifier;
6894				my $bad_specifier = "";
6895				my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6896				$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6897
6898				while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6899					$specifier = $1;
6900					$extension = $2;
6901					$qualifier = $3;
6902					if ($extension !~ /[4SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6903					    ($extension eq "f" &&
6904					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
6905					    ($extension eq "4" &&
6906					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
6907						$bad_specifier = $specifier;
6908						last;
6909					}
6910					if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6911						if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6912							$stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6913						}
6914						WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6915						     "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6916					}
6917				}
6918				if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6919					my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6920					my $msg_level = \&WARN;
6921					my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6922					my $use = "";
6923					if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6924						$use = " - use %pS instead";
6925						$use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6926					} elsif ($bad_specifier =~ /pA/) {
6927						$use =  " - '%pA' is only intended to be used from Rust code";
6928						$msg_level = \&ERROR;
6929					}
6930
6931					&{$msg_level}("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6932						      "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6933				}
6934			}
6935		}
6936
6937# Check for misused memsets
6938		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6939		    defined $stat &&
6940		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6941
6942			my $ms_addr = $2;
6943			my $ms_val = $7;
6944			my $ms_size = $12;
6945
6946			if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6947				ERROR("MEMSET",
6948				      "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6949			} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6950				WARN("MEMSET",
6951				     "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6952			}
6953		}
6954
6955# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6956#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6957#		    defined $stat &&
6958#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6959#			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6960#				 "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6961#			    $fix) {
6962#				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6963#			}
6964#		}
6965
6966# Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6967#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6968#		    defined $stat &&
6969#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6970#			WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6971#			     "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6972#		}
6973
6974# check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6975# check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6976#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6977#		    defined $stat &&
6978#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6979#
6980#			my $ms_val = $7;
6981#
6982#			if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6983#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6984#					 "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6985#				    $fix) {
6986#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6987#				}
6988#			} elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6989#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6990#					 "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6991#				    $fix) {
6992#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6993#				}
6994#			}
6995#		}
6996
6997# strcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
6998		if ($line =~ /\bstrcpy\s*\(/) {
6999			WARN("STRCPY",
7000			     "Prefer strscpy over strcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/88\n" . $herecurr);
7001		}
7002
7003# strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
7004		if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
7005			WARN("STRLCPY",
7006			     "Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/89\n" . $herecurr);
7007		}
7008
7009# strncpy uses that should likely be strscpy or strscpy_pad
7010		if ($line =~ /\bstrncpy\s*\(/) {
7011			WARN("STRNCPY",
7012			     "Prefer strscpy, strscpy_pad, or __nonstring over strncpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/90\n" . $herecurr);
7013		}
7014
7015# ethtool_sprintf uses that should likely be ethtool_puts
7016		if ($line =~ /\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7017			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHTOOL_PUTS",
7018				 "Prefer ethtool_puts over ethtool_sprintf with only two arguments\n" . $herecurr) &&
7019			    $fix) {
7020				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)/ethtool_puts($1, $7)/;
7021			}
7022		}
7023
7024		# use $rawline because $line loses %s via sanitization and thus we can't match against it.
7025		if ($rawline =~ /\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*\"\%s\"\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7026			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHTOOL_PUTS",
7027				 "Prefer ethtool_puts over ethtool_sprintf with standalone \"%s\" specifier\n" . $herecurr) &&
7028			    $fix) {
7029				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*"\%s"\s*,\s*($FuncArg)/ethtool_puts($1, $7)/;
7030			}
7031		}
7032
7033
7034# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
7035		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7036		    defined $stat &&
7037		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7038			if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
7039				my $call = $1;
7040				my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
7041				my $arg1 = $3;
7042				my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
7043				my $arg2 = $8;
7044				my $cast;
7045
7046				if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
7047					$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
7048				} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
7049					$cast = $cast1;
7050				} else {
7051					$cast = $cast2;
7052				}
7053				WARN("MINMAX",
7054				     "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7055			}
7056		}
7057
7058# check usleep_range arguments
7059		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7060		    defined $stat &&
7061		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
7062			my $min = $1;
7063			my $max = $7;
7064			if ($min eq $max) {
7065				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
7066				     "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7067			} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
7068				 $min > $max) {
7069				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
7070				     "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7071			}
7072		}
7073
7074# check for naked sscanf
7075		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7076		    defined $stat &&
7077		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
7078		    ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
7079		     $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
7080		     $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
7081			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7082			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7083			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7084			WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
7085			     "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
7086		}
7087
7088# check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
7089		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7090		    defined $stat &&
7091		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
7092			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7093			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7094			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7095			if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
7096				my $format = $6;
7097				my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
7098				if ($count == 1 &&
7099				    $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
7100					WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
7101					     "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
7102				}
7103			}
7104		}
7105
7106# check for new externs in .h files.
7107		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
7108		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
7109			if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7110				"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
7111			    $fix) {
7112				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
7113			}
7114		}
7115
7116# check for new externs in .c files.
7117		if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7118		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
7119		{
7120			my $function_name = $1;
7121			my $paren_space = $2;
7122
7123			my $s = $stat;
7124			if (defined $cond) {
7125				substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
7126			}
7127			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/)
7128			{
7129				WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7130				     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7131			}
7132
7133			if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
7134				WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7135				     "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
7136			}
7137
7138		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7139		    $stat =~ /^\+extern struct\s+(\w+)\s+(\w+)\[\];/)
7140		{
7141			my ($st_type, $st_name) = ($1, $2);
7142
7143			for my $s (keys %maybe_linker_symbol) {
7144			    #print "Linker symbol? $st_name : $s\n";
7145			    goto LIKELY_LINKER_SYMBOL
7146				if $st_name =~ /$s/;
7147			}
7148			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7149			     "found a file-scoped extern type:$st_type name:$st_name in .c file\n"
7150			     . "is this a linker symbol ?\n" . $herecurr);
7151		  LIKELY_LINKER_SYMBOL:
7152
7153		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7154		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
7155		{
7156			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7157			     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7158		}
7159
7160# check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
7161		if (defined $stat &&
7162		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
7163		    $1 ne "void") {
7164			my $args = trim($1);
7165			while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
7166				my $arg = trim($1);
7167				if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
7168					WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7169					     "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
7170				}
7171			}
7172		}
7173
7174# check for function definitions
7175		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7176		    defined $stat &&
7177		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
7178			$context_function = $1;
7179
7180# check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
7181			my $ok = 0;
7182			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7183			my $herectx = $here . "\n";
7184			for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
7185				my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
7186				$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
7187				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
7188				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
7189				last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
7190			}
7191			if (!$ok) {
7192				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
7193				      "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
7194			}
7195		}
7196
7197# checks for new __setup's
7198		if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
7199			my $name = $1;
7200
7201			if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
7202				CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
7203				    "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
7204			}
7205		}
7206
7207# check for pointless casting of alloc functions
7208		if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
7209			WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
7210			     "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
7211		}
7212
7213# alloc style
7214# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
7215		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7216		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
7217			CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
7218			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
7219		}
7220
7221# check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kvmalloc_array/kvcalloc/kcalloc
7222		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7223		    defined $stat &&
7224		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
7225			my $oldfunc = $3;
7226			my $a1 = $4;
7227			my $a2 = $10;
7228			my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
7229			$newfunc = "kvmalloc_array" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
7230			$newfunc = "kvcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
7231			$newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
7232			my $r1 = $a1;
7233			my $r2 = $a2;
7234			if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
7235				$r1 = $a2;
7236				$r2 = $a1;
7237			}
7238			if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
7239			    !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
7240				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7241				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7242
7243				if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
7244					 "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
7245				    $cnt == 1 &&
7246				    $fix) {
7247					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
7248				}
7249			}
7250		}
7251
7252# check for krealloc arg reuse
7253		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7254		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
7255		    $1 eq $3) {
7256			WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
7257			     "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
7258		}
7259
7260# check for alloc argument mismatch
7261		if ($line =~ /\b((?:devm_)?((?:k|kv)?(calloc|malloc_array)(?:_node)?))\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
7262			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
7263			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
7264		}
7265
7266# check for multiple semicolons
7267		if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
7268			if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
7269				 "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
7270			    $fix) {
7271				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
7272			}
7273		}
7274
7275# check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
7276		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
7277		    $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
7278			my $ull = "";
7279			$ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
7280			if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
7281				"Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
7282			    $fix) {
7283				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
7284			}
7285		}
7286
7287# check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
7288		if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
7289			WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
7290			     "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
7291		}
7292
7293# check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
7294		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
7295			my $config = $1;
7296			if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
7297				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
7298			    $fix) {
7299				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
7300			}
7301		}
7302
7303# check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
7304		my @fallthroughs = (
7305			'fallthrough',
7306			'@fallthrough@',
7307			'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
7308			'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
7309			'(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7310			'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7311			'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7312		    );
7313		if ($raw_comment ne '') {
7314			foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
7315				if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
7316					my $msg_level = \&WARN;
7317					$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
7318					&{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
7319						      "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
7320					last;
7321				}
7322			}
7323		}
7324
7325# check for switch/default statements without a break;
7326		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7327		    defined $stat &&
7328		    $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
7329			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7330			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7331
7332			WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
7333			     "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
7334		}
7335
7336# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
7337		if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
7338			if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
7339				 "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
7340			    $fix) {
7341				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
7342			}
7343		}
7344
7345# check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
7346		while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
7347			ERROR("DATE_TIME",
7348			      "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
7349		}
7350
7351# check for use of yield()
7352		if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
7353			WARN("YIELD",
7354			     "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
7355		}
7356
7357# check for comparisons against true and false
7358		if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
7359			my $lead = $1;
7360			my $arg = $2;
7361			my $test = $3;
7362			my $otype = $4;
7363			my $trail = $5;
7364			my $op = "!";
7365
7366			($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
7367
7368			my $type = lc($otype);
7369			if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
7370				if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
7371				    ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
7372					$op = "";
7373				}
7374
7375				CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
7376				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
7377
7378## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
7379##				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
7380
7381			}
7382		}
7383
7384# check for semaphores initialized locked
7385		if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
7386			WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
7387			     "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
7388		}
7389
7390# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
7391		if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
7392			WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
7393			     "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
7394		}
7395
7396# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
7397		if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
7398			WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
7399			     "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
7400		}
7401
7402# check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
7403		if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
7404			WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
7405			     "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
7406		}
7407
7408# check for deprecated apis
7409		if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
7410			my $deprecated_api = $1;
7411			my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
7412			WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
7413			     "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
7414		}
7415
7416# check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
7417# and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
7418		if (defined($const_structs) &&
7419		    $line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
7420		    $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
7421			WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
7422			     "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
7423		}
7424
7425# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
7426# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
7427# ignore designated initializers using NR_CPUS
7428		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7429		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7430		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7431		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7432		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7433		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/ &&
7434		    $line !~ /^.\s*\.\w+\s*=\s*.*\bNR_CPUS\b/)
7435		{
7436			WARN("NR_CPUS",
7437			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
7438		}
7439
7440# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
7441		if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
7442			ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
7443			      "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
7444		}
7445
7446# likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
7447		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7448		    $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
7449			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7450			     "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
7451		}
7452
7453# return sysfs_emit(foo, fmt, ...) fmt without newline
7454		if ($line =~ /\breturn\s+sysfs_emit\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*($String)/ &&
7455		    substr($rawline, $-[6], $+[6] - $-[6]) !~ /\\n"$/) {
7456			my $offset = $+[6] - 1;
7457			if (WARN("SYSFS_EMIT",
7458				 "return sysfs_emit(...) formats should include a terminating newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
7459			    $fix) {
7460				substr($fixed[$fixlinenr], $offset, 0) = '\\n';
7461			}
7462		}
7463
7464# check for array definition/declarations that should use flexible arrays instead
7465		if ($sline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*\}(?:\s*__packed)?\s*;\s*$/ &&
7466		    $prevline =~ /^\+\s*(?:\}(?:\s*__packed\s*)?|$Type)\s*$Ident\s*\[\s*(0|1)\s*\]\s*;\s*$/) {
7467			if (ERROR("FLEXIBLE_ARRAY",
7468				  "Use C99 flexible arrays - see https://docs.kernel.org/process/deprecated.html#zero-length-and-one-element-arrays\n" . $hereprev) &&
7469			    $1 == '0' && $fix) {
7470				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\[\s*0\s*\]/[]/;
7471			}
7472		}
7473
7474# nested likely/unlikely calls
7475		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
7476			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7477			     "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
7478		}
7479
7480# whine mightly about in_atomic
7481		if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
7482			if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
7483				ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
7484				      "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
7485			} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
7486				WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
7487				     "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
7488			}
7489		}
7490
7491# Complain about RCU Tasks Trace used outside of BPF (and of course, RCU).
7492		our $rcu_trace_funcs = qr{(?x:
7493			rcu_read_lock_trace |
7494			rcu_read_lock_trace_held |
7495			rcu_read_unlock_trace |
7496			call_rcu_tasks_trace |
7497			synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace |
7498			rcu_barrier_tasks_trace |
7499			rcu_request_urgent_qs_task
7500		)};
7501		our $rcu_trace_paths = qr{(?x:
7502			kernel/bpf/ |
7503			include/linux/bpf |
7504			net/bpf/ |
7505			kernel/rcu/ |
7506			include/linux/rcu
7507		)};
7508		if ($line =~ /\b($rcu_trace_funcs)\s*\(/) {
7509			if ($realfile !~ m{^$rcu_trace_paths}) {
7510				WARN("RCU_TASKS_TRACE",
7511				     "use of RCU tasks trace is incorrect outside BPF or core RCU code\n" . $herecurr);
7512			}
7513		}
7514
7515# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
7516		if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
7517		    $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
7518			if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
7519			    $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
7520			    $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
7521				ERROR("LOCKDEP",
7522				      "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
7523			}
7524		}
7525
7526		if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
7527		    $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
7528			WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7529			     "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
7530		}
7531
7532# check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
7533# and whether or not function naming is typical and if
7534# DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
7535		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7536		    defined $stat &&
7537		    $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
7538			my $var = $1;
7539			my $perms = $2;
7540			my $show = $3;
7541			my $store = $4;
7542			my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
7543			if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7544			    $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7545			    $octal_perms eq "0644") {
7546				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
7547					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
7548				    $fix) {
7549					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
7550				}
7551			} elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7552				 $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7553				 $octal_perms eq "0444") {
7554				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
7555					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7556				    $fix) {
7557					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
7558				}
7559			} elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7560				 $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7561				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7562				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
7563					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7564				    $fix) {
7565					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
7566				}
7567			} elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
7568				 $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
7569				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7570				my $newshow = "$show";
7571				$newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
7572				my $newstore = $store;
7573				$newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
7574				my $rename = "";
7575				if ($show ne $newshow) {
7576					$rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
7577				}
7578				if ($store ne $newstore) {
7579					$rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
7580				}
7581				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
7582				     "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
7583			} else {
7584				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
7585				     "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
7586			}
7587		}
7588
7589# Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
7590# This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
7591# o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
7592#   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
7593# o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
7594#   use the default permissions
7595		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7596		    defined $stat &&
7597		    $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
7598			foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
7599				my $func = $entry->[0];
7600				my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
7601
7602				my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7603				$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7604				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7605
7606				my $skip_args = "";
7607				if ($arg_pos > 1) {
7608					$arg_pos--;
7609					$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
7610				}
7611				my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
7612				if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
7613					my $val = $1;
7614					$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
7615					if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
7616					    (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
7617					     ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
7618						ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
7619						      "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7620					}
7621					if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
7622						ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7623						      "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7624					}
7625				}
7626			}
7627		}
7628
7629# check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
7630		while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
7631			my $oval = $1;
7632			my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
7633			if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
7634				 "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
7635			    $fix) {
7636				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
7637			}
7638		}
7639
7640# validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
7641		if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
7642			my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
7643			my $valid_licenses = qr{
7644						GPL|
7645						GPL\ v2|
7646						GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
7647						Dual\ BSD/GPL|
7648						Dual\ MIT/GPL|
7649						Dual\ MPL/GPL|
7650						Proprietary
7651					}x;
7652			if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
7653				WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7654				     "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
7655			}
7656			if (!$file && $extracted_string eq '"GPL v2"') {
7657				if (WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7658				     "Prefer \"GPL\" over \"GPL v2\" - see commit bf7fbeeae6db (\"module: Cure the MODULE_LICENSE \"GPL\" vs. \"GPL v2\" bogosity\")\n" . $herecurr) &&
7659				    $fix) {
7660					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*"GPL v2"\s*\)/MODULE_LICENSE("GPL")/;
7661				}
7662			}
7663		}
7664
7665# check for sysctl duplicate constants
7666		if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
7667			WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
7668				"duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
7669		}
7670	}
7671
7672	# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
7673	# so just keep quiet.
7674	if ($#rawlines == -1) {
7675		exit(0);
7676	}
7677
7678	# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
7679	# things that appear to be patches.
7680	if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
7681		exit(0);
7682	}
7683
7684	# This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
7685	# just keep quiet.
7686	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
7687		exit(0);
7688	}
7689
7690	if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
7691		ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
7692		      "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
 
 
 
 
 
 
7693	}
7694	if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
7695		if ($signoff == 0) {
7696			ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
7697			      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
7698		} elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
7699			# authorsignoff values:
7700			# 0 -> missing sign off
7701			# 1 -> sign off identical
7702			# 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
7703			# 3 -> addresses match, names different
7704			# 4 -> names match, addresses different
7705			# 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
7706
7707			my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
7708
7709			if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
7710				ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
7711				      "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
7712			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
7713				CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7714				    "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7715			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
7716				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7717				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7718			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
7719				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7720				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7721			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
7722				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7723				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7724			}
7725		}
7726	}
7727
7728	print report_dump();
7729	if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
7730		print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
7731		print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
7732			(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
7733			"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
7734	}
7735
7736	if ($quiet == 0) {
7737		# If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
7738		if (!$clean and !$fix) {
7739			print << "EOM"
7740
7741NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
7742      mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
7743EOM
7744		}
7745		# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
7746		# then suggest that.
7747		if ($rpt_cleaners) {
7748			$rpt_cleaners = 0;
7749			print << "EOM"
7750
7751NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
7752      You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
7753EOM
7754		}
7755	}
7756
7757	if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
7758	    ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
7759	     $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
7760		my $newfile = $filename;
7761		$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
7762		my $linecount = 0;
7763		my $f;
7764
7765		@fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
7766
7767		open($f, '>', $newfile)
7768		    or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
7769		foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
7770			$linecount++;
7771			if ($file) {
7772				if ($linecount > 3) {
7773					$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
7774					print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7775				}
7776			} else {
7777				print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7778			}
7779		}
7780		close($f);
7781
7782		if (!$quiet) {
7783			print << "EOM";
7784
7785Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
7786
7787Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
7788Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
7789
7790This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
7791No warranties, expressed or implied...
7792EOM
7793		}
7794	}
7795
7796	if ($quiet == 0) {
7797		print "\n";
7798		if ($clean == 1) {
7799			print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
7800		} else {
7801			print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
7802		}
7803	}
7804	return $clean;
7805}