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1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2/*
3 * linux/drivers/char/misc.c
4 *
5 * Generic misc open routine by Johan Myreen
6 *
7 * Based on code from Linus
8 *
9 * Teemu Rantanen's Microsoft Busmouse support and Derrick Cole's
10 * changes incorporated into 0.97pl4
11 * by Peter Cervasio (pete%q106fm.uucp@wupost.wustl.edu) (08SEP92)
12 * See busmouse.c for particulars.
13 *
14 * Made things a lot mode modular - easy to compile in just one or two
15 * of the misc drivers, as they are now completely independent. Linus.
16 *
17 * Support for loadable modules. 8-Sep-95 Philip Blundell <pjb27@cam.ac.uk>
18 *
19 * Fixed a failing symbol register to free the device registration
20 * Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> 21-Jan-96
21 *
22 * Dynamic minors and /proc/mice by Alessandro Rubini. 26-Mar-96
23 *
24 * Renamed to misc and miscdevice to be more accurate. Alan Cox 26-Mar-96
25 *
26 * Handling of mouse minor numbers for kerneld:
27 * Idea by Jacques Gelinas <jack@solucorp.qc.ca>,
28 * adapted by Bjorn Ekwall <bj0rn@blox.se>
29 * corrected by Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
30 *
31 * Changes for kmod (from kerneld):
32 * Cyrus Durgin <cider@speakeasy.org>
33 *
34 * Added devfs support. Richard Gooch <rgooch@atnf.csiro.au> 10-Jan-1998
35 */
36
37#include <linux/module.h>
38
39#include <linux/fs.h>
40#include <linux/errno.h>
41#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
42#include <linux/kernel.h>
43#include <linux/major.h>
44#include <linux/mutex.h>
45#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
46#include <linux/seq_file.h>
47#include <linux/stat.h>
48#include <linux/init.h>
49#include <linux/device.h>
50#include <linux/tty.h>
51#include <linux/kmod.h>
52#include <linux/gfp.h>
53
54/*
55 * Head entry for the doubly linked miscdevice list
56 */
57static LIST_HEAD(misc_list);
58static DEFINE_MUTEX(misc_mtx);
59
60/*
61 * Assigned numbers, used for dynamic minors
62 */
63#define DYNAMIC_MINORS 128 /* like dynamic majors */
64static DEFINE_IDA(misc_minors_ida);
65
66static int misc_minor_alloc(int minor)
67{
68 int ret = 0;
69
70 if (minor == MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR) {
71 /* allocate free id */
72 ret = ida_alloc_max(&misc_minors_ida, DYNAMIC_MINORS - 1, GFP_KERNEL);
73 if (ret >= 0) {
74 ret = DYNAMIC_MINORS - ret - 1;
75 } else {
76 ret = ida_alloc_range(&misc_minors_ida, MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR + 1,
77 MINORMASK, GFP_KERNEL);
78 }
79 } else {
80 /* specific minor, check if it is in dynamic or misc dynamic range */
81 if (minor < DYNAMIC_MINORS) {
82 minor = DYNAMIC_MINORS - minor - 1;
83 ret = ida_alloc_range(&misc_minors_ida, minor, minor, GFP_KERNEL);
84 } else if (minor > MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR) {
85 ret = ida_alloc_range(&misc_minors_ida, minor, minor, GFP_KERNEL);
86 } else {
87 /* case of non-dynamic minors, no need to allocate id */
88 ret = 0;
89 }
90 }
91 return ret;
92}
93
94static void misc_minor_free(int minor)
95{
96 if (minor < DYNAMIC_MINORS)
97 ida_free(&misc_minors_ida, DYNAMIC_MINORS - minor - 1);
98 else if (minor > MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR)
99 ida_free(&misc_minors_ida, minor);
100}
101
102#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
103static void *misc_seq_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *pos)
104{
105 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
106 return seq_list_start(&misc_list, *pos);
107}
108
109static void *misc_seq_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *pos)
110{
111 return seq_list_next(v, &misc_list, pos);
112}
113
114static void misc_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
115{
116 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
117}
118
119static int misc_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
120{
121 const struct miscdevice *p = list_entry(v, struct miscdevice, list);
122
123 seq_printf(seq, "%3i %s\n", p->minor, p->name ? p->name : "");
124 return 0;
125}
126
127
128static const struct seq_operations misc_seq_ops = {
129 .start = misc_seq_start,
130 .next = misc_seq_next,
131 .stop = misc_seq_stop,
132 .show = misc_seq_show,
133};
134#endif
135
136static int misc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
137{
138 int minor = iminor(inode);
139 struct miscdevice *c = NULL, *iter;
140 int err = -ENODEV;
141 const struct file_operations *new_fops = NULL;
142
143 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
144
145 list_for_each_entry(iter, &misc_list, list) {
146 if (iter->minor != minor)
147 continue;
148 c = iter;
149 new_fops = fops_get(iter->fops);
150 break;
151 }
152
153 if (!new_fops) {
154 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
155 request_module("char-major-%d-%d", MISC_MAJOR, minor);
156 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
157
158 list_for_each_entry(iter, &misc_list, list) {
159 if (iter->minor != minor)
160 continue;
161 c = iter;
162 new_fops = fops_get(iter->fops);
163 break;
164 }
165 if (!new_fops)
166 goto fail;
167 }
168
169 /*
170 * Place the miscdevice in the file's
171 * private_data so it can be used by the
172 * file operations, including f_op->open below
173 */
174 file->private_data = c;
175
176 err = 0;
177 replace_fops(file, new_fops);
178 if (file->f_op->open)
179 err = file->f_op->open(inode, file);
180fail:
181 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
182 return err;
183}
184
185static char *misc_devnode(const struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
186{
187 const struct miscdevice *c = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
188
189 if (mode && c->mode)
190 *mode = c->mode;
191 if (c->nodename)
192 return kstrdup(c->nodename, GFP_KERNEL);
193 return NULL;
194}
195
196static const struct class misc_class = {
197 .name = "misc",
198 .devnode = misc_devnode,
199};
200
201static const struct file_operations misc_fops = {
202 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
203 .open = misc_open,
204 .llseek = noop_llseek,
205};
206
207/**
208 * misc_register - register a miscellaneous device
209 * @misc: device structure
210 *
211 * Register a miscellaneous device with the kernel. If the minor
212 * number is set to %MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR a minor number is assigned
213 * and placed in the minor field of the structure. For other cases
214 * the minor number requested is used.
215 *
216 * The structure passed is linked into the kernel and may not be
217 * destroyed until it has been unregistered. By default, an open()
218 * syscall to the device sets file->private_data to point to the
219 * structure. Drivers don't need open in fops for this.
220 *
221 * A zero is returned on success and a negative errno code for
222 * failure.
223 */
224
225int misc_register(struct miscdevice *misc)
226{
227 dev_t dev;
228 int err = 0;
229 bool is_dynamic = (misc->minor == MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR);
230
231 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&misc->list);
232
233 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
234
235 if (is_dynamic) {
236 int i = misc_minor_alloc(misc->minor);
237
238 if (i < 0) {
239 err = -EBUSY;
240 goto out;
241 }
242 misc->minor = i;
243 } else {
244 struct miscdevice *c;
245 int i;
246
247 list_for_each_entry(c, &misc_list, list) {
248 if (c->minor == misc->minor) {
249 err = -EBUSY;
250 goto out;
251 }
252 }
253
254 i = misc_minor_alloc(misc->minor);
255 if (i < 0) {
256 err = -EBUSY;
257 goto out;
258 }
259 }
260
261 dev = MKDEV(MISC_MAJOR, misc->minor);
262
263 misc->this_device =
264 device_create_with_groups(&misc_class, misc->parent, dev,
265 misc, misc->groups, "%s", misc->name);
266 if (IS_ERR(misc->this_device)) {
267 misc_minor_free(misc->minor);
268 if (is_dynamic) {
269 misc->minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR;
270 }
271 err = PTR_ERR(misc->this_device);
272 goto out;
273 }
274
275 /*
276 * Add it to the front, so that later devices can "override"
277 * earlier defaults
278 */
279 list_add(&misc->list, &misc_list);
280 out:
281 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
282 return err;
283}
284EXPORT_SYMBOL(misc_register);
285
286/**
287 * misc_deregister - unregister a miscellaneous device
288 * @misc: device to unregister
289 *
290 * Unregister a miscellaneous device that was previously
291 * successfully registered with misc_register().
292 */
293
294void misc_deregister(struct miscdevice *misc)
295{
296 if (WARN_ON(list_empty(&misc->list)))
297 return;
298
299 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
300 list_del(&misc->list);
301 device_destroy(&misc_class, MKDEV(MISC_MAJOR, misc->minor));
302 misc_minor_free(misc->minor);
303 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
304}
305EXPORT_SYMBOL(misc_deregister);
306
307static int __init misc_init(void)
308{
309 int err;
310 struct proc_dir_entry *ret;
311
312 ret = proc_create_seq("misc", 0, NULL, &misc_seq_ops);
313 err = class_register(&misc_class);
314 if (err)
315 goto fail_remove;
316
317 err = -EIO;
318 if (register_chrdev(MISC_MAJOR, "misc", &misc_fops))
319 goto fail_printk;
320 return 0;
321
322fail_printk:
323 pr_err("unable to get major %d for misc devices\n", MISC_MAJOR);
324 class_unregister(&misc_class);
325fail_remove:
326 if (ret)
327 remove_proc_entry("misc", NULL);
328 return err;
329}
330subsys_initcall(misc_init);
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2/*
3 * linux/drivers/char/misc.c
4 *
5 * Generic misc open routine by Johan Myreen
6 *
7 * Based on code from Linus
8 *
9 * Teemu Rantanen's Microsoft Busmouse support and Derrick Cole's
10 * changes incorporated into 0.97pl4
11 * by Peter Cervasio (pete%q106fm.uucp@wupost.wustl.edu) (08SEP92)
12 * See busmouse.c for particulars.
13 *
14 * Made things a lot mode modular - easy to compile in just one or two
15 * of the misc drivers, as they are now completely independent. Linus.
16 *
17 * Support for loadable modules. 8-Sep-95 Philip Blundell <pjb27@cam.ac.uk>
18 *
19 * Fixed a failing symbol register to free the device registration
20 * Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk> 21-Jan-96
21 *
22 * Dynamic minors and /proc/mice by Alessandro Rubini. 26-Mar-96
23 *
24 * Renamed to misc and miscdevice to be more accurate. Alan Cox 26-Mar-96
25 *
26 * Handling of mouse minor numbers for kerneld:
27 * Idea by Jacques Gelinas <jack@solucorp.qc.ca>,
28 * adapted by Bjorn Ekwall <bj0rn@blox.se>
29 * corrected by Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
30 *
31 * Changes for kmod (from kerneld):
32 * Cyrus Durgin <cider@speakeasy.org>
33 *
34 * Added devfs support. Richard Gooch <rgooch@atnf.csiro.au> 10-Jan-1998
35 */
36
37#include <linux/module.h>
38
39#include <linux/fs.h>
40#include <linux/errno.h>
41#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
42#include <linux/kernel.h>
43#include <linux/major.h>
44#include <linux/mutex.h>
45#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
46#include <linux/seq_file.h>
47#include <linux/stat.h>
48#include <linux/init.h>
49#include <linux/device.h>
50#include <linux/tty.h>
51#include <linux/kmod.h>
52#include <linux/gfp.h>
53
54/*
55 * Head entry for the doubly linked miscdevice list
56 */
57static LIST_HEAD(misc_list);
58static DEFINE_MUTEX(misc_mtx);
59
60/*
61 * Assigned numbers, used for dynamic minors
62 */
63#define DYNAMIC_MINORS 128 /* like dynamic majors */
64static DEFINE_IDA(misc_minors_ida);
65
66static int misc_minor_alloc(void)
67{
68 int ret;
69
70 ret = ida_alloc_max(&misc_minors_ida, DYNAMIC_MINORS - 1, GFP_KERNEL);
71 if (ret >= 0) {
72 ret = DYNAMIC_MINORS - ret - 1;
73 } else {
74 ret = ida_alloc_range(&misc_minors_ida, MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR + 1,
75 MINORMASK, GFP_KERNEL);
76 }
77 return ret;
78}
79
80static void misc_minor_free(int minor)
81{
82 if (minor < DYNAMIC_MINORS)
83 ida_free(&misc_minors_ida, DYNAMIC_MINORS - minor - 1);
84 else if (minor > MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR)
85 ida_free(&misc_minors_ida, minor);
86}
87
88#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
89static void *misc_seq_start(struct seq_file *seq, loff_t *pos)
90{
91 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
92 return seq_list_start(&misc_list, *pos);
93}
94
95static void *misc_seq_next(struct seq_file *seq, void *v, loff_t *pos)
96{
97 return seq_list_next(v, &misc_list, pos);
98}
99
100static void misc_seq_stop(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
101{
102 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
103}
104
105static int misc_seq_show(struct seq_file *seq, void *v)
106{
107 const struct miscdevice *p = list_entry(v, struct miscdevice, list);
108
109 seq_printf(seq, "%3i %s\n", p->minor, p->name ? p->name : "");
110 return 0;
111}
112
113
114static const struct seq_operations misc_seq_ops = {
115 .start = misc_seq_start,
116 .next = misc_seq_next,
117 .stop = misc_seq_stop,
118 .show = misc_seq_show,
119};
120#endif
121
122static int misc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
123{
124 int minor = iminor(inode);
125 struct miscdevice *c = NULL, *iter;
126 int err = -ENODEV;
127 const struct file_operations *new_fops = NULL;
128
129 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
130
131 list_for_each_entry(iter, &misc_list, list) {
132 if (iter->minor != minor)
133 continue;
134 c = iter;
135 new_fops = fops_get(iter->fops);
136 break;
137 }
138
139 if (!new_fops) {
140 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
141 request_module("char-major-%d-%d", MISC_MAJOR, minor);
142 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
143
144 list_for_each_entry(iter, &misc_list, list) {
145 if (iter->minor != minor)
146 continue;
147 c = iter;
148 new_fops = fops_get(iter->fops);
149 break;
150 }
151 if (!new_fops)
152 goto fail;
153 }
154
155 /*
156 * Place the miscdevice in the file's
157 * private_data so it can be used by the
158 * file operations, including f_op->open below
159 */
160 file->private_data = c;
161
162 err = 0;
163 replace_fops(file, new_fops);
164 if (file->f_op->open)
165 err = file->f_op->open(inode, file);
166fail:
167 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
168 return err;
169}
170
171static struct class *misc_class;
172
173static const struct file_operations misc_fops = {
174 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
175 .open = misc_open,
176 .llseek = noop_llseek,
177};
178
179/**
180 * misc_register - register a miscellaneous device
181 * @misc: device structure
182 *
183 * Register a miscellaneous device with the kernel. If the minor
184 * number is set to %MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR a minor number is assigned
185 * and placed in the minor field of the structure. For other cases
186 * the minor number requested is used.
187 *
188 * The structure passed is linked into the kernel and may not be
189 * destroyed until it has been unregistered. By default, an open()
190 * syscall to the device sets file->private_data to point to the
191 * structure. Drivers don't need open in fops for this.
192 *
193 * A zero is returned on success and a negative errno code for
194 * failure.
195 */
196
197int misc_register(struct miscdevice *misc)
198{
199 dev_t dev;
200 int err = 0;
201 bool is_dynamic = (misc->minor == MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR);
202
203 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&misc->list);
204
205 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
206
207 if (is_dynamic) {
208 int i = misc_minor_alloc();
209
210 if (i < 0) {
211 err = -EBUSY;
212 goto out;
213 }
214 misc->minor = i;
215 } else {
216 struct miscdevice *c;
217
218 list_for_each_entry(c, &misc_list, list) {
219 if (c->minor == misc->minor) {
220 err = -EBUSY;
221 goto out;
222 }
223 }
224 }
225
226 dev = MKDEV(MISC_MAJOR, misc->minor);
227
228 misc->this_device =
229 device_create_with_groups(misc_class, misc->parent, dev,
230 misc, misc->groups, "%s", misc->name);
231 if (IS_ERR(misc->this_device)) {
232 if (is_dynamic) {
233 misc_minor_free(misc->minor);
234 misc->minor = MISC_DYNAMIC_MINOR;
235 }
236 err = PTR_ERR(misc->this_device);
237 goto out;
238 }
239
240 /*
241 * Add it to the front, so that later devices can "override"
242 * earlier defaults
243 */
244 list_add(&misc->list, &misc_list);
245 out:
246 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
247 return err;
248}
249EXPORT_SYMBOL(misc_register);
250
251/**
252 * misc_deregister - unregister a miscellaneous device
253 * @misc: device to unregister
254 *
255 * Unregister a miscellaneous device that was previously
256 * successfully registered with misc_register().
257 */
258
259void misc_deregister(struct miscdevice *misc)
260{
261 if (WARN_ON(list_empty(&misc->list)))
262 return;
263
264 mutex_lock(&misc_mtx);
265 list_del(&misc->list);
266 device_destroy(misc_class, MKDEV(MISC_MAJOR, misc->minor));
267 misc_minor_free(misc->minor);
268 mutex_unlock(&misc_mtx);
269}
270EXPORT_SYMBOL(misc_deregister);
271
272static char *misc_devnode(const struct device *dev, umode_t *mode)
273{
274 const struct miscdevice *c = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
275
276 if (mode && c->mode)
277 *mode = c->mode;
278 if (c->nodename)
279 return kstrdup(c->nodename, GFP_KERNEL);
280 return NULL;
281}
282
283static int __init misc_init(void)
284{
285 int err;
286 struct proc_dir_entry *ret;
287
288 ret = proc_create_seq("misc", 0, NULL, &misc_seq_ops);
289 misc_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "misc");
290 err = PTR_ERR(misc_class);
291 if (IS_ERR(misc_class))
292 goto fail_remove;
293
294 err = -EIO;
295 if (register_chrdev(MISC_MAJOR, "misc", &misc_fops))
296 goto fail_printk;
297 misc_class->devnode = misc_devnode;
298 return 0;
299
300fail_printk:
301 pr_err("unable to get major %d for misc devices\n", MISC_MAJOR);
302 class_destroy(misc_class);
303fail_remove:
304 if (ret)
305 remove_proc_entry("misc", NULL);
306 return err;
307}
308subsys_initcall(misc_init);