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v6.13.7
   1==============================================================
   2Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver Configuration guide
   3==============================================================
   4
   5
   6Kernel Configuration
   7====================
   8
   9To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
  10primary sound card support (``CONFIG_SOUND``).  Since ALSA can emulate
  11OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
  12
  13Enable "OSS API emulation" (``CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL``) and both OSS mixer
  14and PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
  15
  16If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
  17SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
  18(``CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER``).
  19
  20To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
  21and "Debug" options.  To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
  22too.  "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
  23
  24Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
  25(if the card supports ISA PnP).  You don't need to configure the cards
  26using isapnptools.
  27
  28
  29Module parameters
  30=================
  31
  32The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
  33one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
  34specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
  35
  36
  37Module snd
  38----------
  39
  40The core ALSA module.  It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
  41It takes the following options which have global effects.
  42
  43major
  44    major number for sound driver;
  45    Default: 116
  46cards_limit
  47    limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8);
  48    Default: 1;
  49    For auto-loading more than one card, specify this option
  50    together with snd-card-X aliases.
  51slots
  52    Reserve the slot index for the given driver;
  53    This option takes multiple strings.
  54    See `Module Autoloading Support`_ section for details.
  55debug
  56    Specifies the debug message level;
  57    (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
  58    2 = verbose debug messages);
  59    This option appears only when ``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y``.
  60    This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
  61    /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
  62  
  63Module snd-pcm-oss
  64------------------
  65
  66The PCM OSS emulation module.
  67This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
  68
  69dsp_map
  70    PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
  71    Default: 0
  72adsp_map
  73    PCM device number maps assigned to the 2nd OSS device;
  74    Default: 1
  75nonblock_open
  76    Don't block opening busy PCM devices;
  77    Default: 1
  78
  79For example, when ``dsp_map=2``, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
  80the card #0.  Similarly, when ``adsp_map=0``, /dev/adsp will be mapped
  81to PCM #0 of the card #0.
  82For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
  83commas, such like ``dsp_map=0,1``.
  84
  85``nonblock_open`` option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
  86regarding opening the device.  When this option is non-zero,
  87opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
  88immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
  89    
  90Module snd-rawmidi
  91------------------
  92
  93This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
  94similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
  95
  96midi_map
  97    MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
  98    Default: 0
  99amidi_map
 100    MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2nd OSS device;
 101    Default: 1
 102
 103Module snd-soc-core
 104-------------------
 105
 106The soc core module. It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
 107It takes the following options which have global effects.
 108
 109prealloc_buffer_size_kbytes
 110    Specify prealloc buffer size in kbytes (default: 512).
 111
 112Common parameters for top sound card modules
 113--------------------------------------------
 114
 115Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
 116
 117index
 118    index (slot #) of sound card;
 119    Values: 0 through 31 or negative;
 120    If nonnegative, assign that index number;
 121    if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible indices;
 122    the first free permitted index is assigned;
 123    Default: -1
 124id
 125    card ID (identifier or name);
 126    Can be up to 15 characters long;
 127    Default: the card type;
 128    A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
 129    containing information about the card;
 130    This ID can be used instead of the index number in
 131    identifying the card
 132enable
 133    enable card;
 134    Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
 135
 136These options are used for either specifying the order of instances or
 137controlling enabling and disabling of each one of the devices if there
 138are multiple devices bound with the same driver. For example, there are
 139many machines which have two HD-audio controllers (one for HDMI/DP
 140audio and another for onboard analog). In most cases, the second one is
 141in primary usage, and people would like to assign it as the first
 142appearing card. They can do it by specifying "index=1,0" module
 143parameter, which will swap the assignment slots.
 144
 145Today, with the sound backend like PulseAudio and PipeWire which
 146supports dynamic configuration, it's of little use, but that was a
 147help for static configuration in the past.
 148
 149Module snd-adlib
 150----------------
 151
 152Module for AdLib FM cards.
 153
 154port
 155    port # for OPL chip
 156
 157This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
 158the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
 159Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
 160synthesis.
 161
 162Make sure you have ``sbiload`` from the alsa-tools package available and,
 163after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
 164number through ``sbiload -l``.
 165
 166Example output:
 167::
 168
 169      Port     Client name                       Port name
 170      64:0     OPL2 FM synth                     OPL2 FM Port
 171
 172Load the ``std.sb`` and ``drums.sb`` patches also supplied by ``sbiload``:
 173::
 174
 175      sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
 176
 177If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use ``std.o3`` and ``drums.o3``
 178instead. To have the card produce sound, use ``aplaymidi`` from alsa-utils:
 179::
 180
 181      aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
 182
 183Module snd-ad1816a
 184------------------
 185
 186Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
 187
 188clockfreq
 189    Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
 190    
 191This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
 192    
 193Module snd-ad1848
 194-----------------
 195
 196Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
 197
 198port
 199    port # for AD1848 chip
 200irq
 201    IRQ # for AD1848  chip
 202dma1
 203    DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
 204    
 205This module supports multiple cards.  It does not support autoprobe
 206thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
 207    
 208The power-management is supported.
 209
 210Module snd-ad1889
 211-----------------
 212
 213Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
 214
 215ac97_quirk
 216    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
 217    See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
 218
 219This module supports multiple cards.
 220
 221Module snd-ali5451
 222------------------
 223
 224Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
 225
 226pcm_channels
 227    Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
 228spdif
 229    Support SPDIF I/O;
 230    Default: disabled
 231
 232This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
 233
 234The power-management is supported.
 235
 236Module snd-als100
 237-----------------
 238
 239Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
 240
 241This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
 242
 243The power-management is supported.
 244
 245Module snd-als300
 246-----------------
 247
 248Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
 249
 250This module supports multiple cards.
 251
 252The power-management is supported.
 253
 254Module snd-als4000
 255------------------
 256
 257Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
 258
 259joystick_port
 260    port # for legacy joystick support;
 261    0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
 262    
 263This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
 264
 265The power-management is supported.
 266
 267Module snd-asihpi
 268-----------------
 269
 270Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
 271
 272enable_hpi_hwdep
 273    enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
 274
 275This module supports multiple cards.
 276The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 277
 278Module snd-atiixp
 279-----------------
 280
 281Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
 282
 283ac97_clock
 284    AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
 285ac97_quirk
 286    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
 287    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
 288ac97_codec
 289    Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec instead of probing.
 290    If this works for you file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
 291    (-2 = Force probing, -1 = Default behavior, 0-2 = Use the
 292    specified codec.)
 293spdif_aclink
 294    S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
 295
 296This module supports one card and autoprobe.
 297
 298ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output.  One is
 299over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output.  The
 300implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
 301choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
 302
 303The power-management is supported.
 304
 305Module snd-atiixp-modem
 306-----------------------
 307
 308Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
 309
 310This module supports one card and autoprobe.
 311
 312Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
 313slot is excluded.
 314
 315The power-management is supported.
 316
 317Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
 318-----------------------------------------
 319
 320Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
 321
 322pcifix
 323    Control PCI workarounds;
 324    0 = Disable all workarounds,
 325    1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff,
 326    2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
 327    Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge,
 328    3 = Force both settings,
 329    255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
 330
 331This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
 332EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
 333Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
 334https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
 335SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
 336``spdif`` pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
 337The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and 
 338Advantage.
 339
 340Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate 
 341control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
 342another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
 343
 344Module snd-azt1605
 345------------------
 346
 347Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
 348chipset.
 349
 350port
 351    port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
 352wss_port
 353    port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
 354irq
 355    IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
 356dma1
 357    DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
 358dma2
 359    DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
 360mpu_port
 361    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
 362mpu_irq
 363    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
 364fm_port
 365    port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
 366
 367This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
 368``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
 369The other values are optional.
 370
 371``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
 372or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
 373their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
 374be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
 375
 376If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
 377full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
 378enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
 379
 380Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
 381mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
 382
 383Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
 384legacy ISA in your BIOS.
 385
 386Module snd-azt2316
 387------------------
 388
 389Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
 390chipset.
 391
 392port
 393    port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
 394wss_port
 395    port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
 396irq
 397    IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
 398dma1
 399    DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
 400dma2
 401    DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
 402mpu_port
 403    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
 404mpu_irq
 405    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
 406fm_port
 407    port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
 408
 409This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
 410``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
 411The other values are optional.
 412
 413``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
 414or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
 415their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
 416be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
 417
 418If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
 419full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
 420enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
 421
 422Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
 423mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
 424
 425Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
 426legacy ISA in your BIOS.
 427
 428Module snd-aw2
 429--------------
 430
 431Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
 432
 433This module supports multiple cards.
 434
 435Module snd-azt2320
 436------------------
 437
 438Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
 439
 440This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
 441
 442The power-management is supported.
 443
 444Module snd-azt3328
 445------------------
 446
 447Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
 448
 449joystick
 450    Enable joystick (default off)
 451
 452This module supports multiple cards.
 453
 454Module snd-bt87x
 455----------------
 456
 457Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
 458
 459digital_rate
 460    Override the default digital rate (Hz)
 461load_all
 462    Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
 463
 464This module supports multiple cards.
 465
 466Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
 467slot is excluded.
 468
 469Module snd-ca0106
 470-----------------
 471
 472Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
 473
 474This module supports multiple cards.
 475
 476
 477Module snd-cmi8330
 478------------------
 479
 480Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
 481
 482isapnp
 483    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
 484
 485with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
 486
 487wssport
 488    port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
 489wssirq
 490    IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
 491wssdma
 492    first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
 493sbport
 494    port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
 495sbirq
 496    IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
 497sbdma8
 498    8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
 499sbdma16
 500    16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
 501fmport
 502    (optional) OPL3 I/O port
 503mpuport
 504    (optional) MPU401 I/O port
 505mpuirq
 506    (optional) MPU401 irq #
 507
 508This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 509
 510The power-management is supported.
 511
 512Module snd-cmipci
 513-----------------
 514
 515Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
 516
 517mpu_port
 518    port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
 519    0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
 520    1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
 521    0 = disable
 522fm_port
 523    port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
 524    0x388 = legacy port,
 525    1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
 526    0 = disable
 527soft_ac3
 528    Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only) (default = 1)
 529joystick_port
 530    Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
 531
 532This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
 533
 534The power-management is supported.
 535
 536Module snd-cs4231
 537-----------------
 538
 539Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
 540
 541port
 542    port # for CS4231 chip
 543mpu_port
 544    port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
 545irq
 546    IRQ # for CS4231 chip
 547mpu_irq
 548    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
 549dma1
 550    first DMA # for CS4231 chip
 551dma2
 552    second DMA # for CS4231 chip
 553
 554This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
 555thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
 556
 557The power-management is supported.
 558
 559Module snd-cs4236
 560-----------------
 561
 562Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
 563CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
 564
 565isapnp
 566    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
 567
 568with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
 569
 570port
 571    port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
 572cport
 573    control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
 574mpu_port
 575    port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
 576fm_port
 577    FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
 578irq
 579    IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
 580mpu_irq
 581    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
 582dma1
 583    first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
 584dma2
 585    second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
 586
 587This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
 588(if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
 589specified!!! Other ports are optional.
 590
 591The power-management is supported.
 592
 593This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
 594snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
 595
 596Module snd-cs4281
 597-----------------
 598
 599Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
 600
 601dual_codec
 602    Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
 603
 604This module supports multiple cards.
 605
 606The power-management is supported.
 607
 608Module snd-cs46xx
 609-----------------
 610
 611Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
 612CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
 613
 614external_amp
 615    Force to enable external amplifier.
 616thinkpad
 617    Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
 618mmap_valid
 619    Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
 620
 621This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 622Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
 623from PCI sub vendor/device ids.  If they don't work, give the options
 624above explicitly.
 625
 626The power-management is supported.
 627
 628Module snd-cs5530
 629-----------------
 630
 631Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip. 
 632
 633Module snd-cs5535audio
 634----------------------
 635
 636Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
 637
 638The power-management is supported.
 639
 640Module snd-ctxfi
 641----------------
 642
 643Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
 644
 645* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
 646* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
 647* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
 648* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
 649* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
 650* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
 651* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
 652* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
 653* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
 654	
 655reference_rate
 656    reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
 657multiple
 658    multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
 659subsystem
 660    override the PCI SSID for probing;
 661    the value consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID.
 662    The default is zero, which means no override.
 663
 664This module supports multiple cards.
 665
 666Module snd-darla20
 667------------------
 668
 669Module for Echoaudio Darla20
 670
 671This module supports multiple cards.
 672The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 673
 674Module snd-darla24
 675------------------
 676
 677Module for Echoaudio Darla24
 678
 679This module supports multiple cards.
 680The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 681
 682Module snd-dt019x
 683-----------------
 684
 685Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
 686only)
 687
 688This module supports multiple cards.  This module is enabled only with
 689ISA PnP support.
 690
 691The power-management is supported.
 692
 693Module snd-dummy
 694----------------
 695
 696Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
 697or input, but you may use this module for any application which
 698requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
 699
 700pcm_devs
 701    Number of PCM devices assigned to each card (default = 1, up to 4)
 702pcm_substreams
 703    Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM (default = 8, up to 128)
 704hrtimer
 705    Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
 706fake_buffer
 707    Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
 708
 709When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
 710behavior to each PCM device:
 711* 0 = interleaved with mmap support
 712* 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
 713* 2 = interleaved without mmap 
 714* 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
 715
 716As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
 717but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
 718buffer pages, in order to save the resources.  If your apps need
 719the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
 720option.
 721
 722The power-management is supported.
 723
 724Module snd-echo3g
 725-----------------
 726
 727Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
 728
 729This module supports multiple cards.
 730The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 731
 732Module snd-emu10k1
 733------------------
 734
 735Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
 736
 737* Sound Blaster Live!
 738* Sound Blaster PCI 512
 
 739* Sound Blaster Audigy
 740* E-MU APS (partially supported)
 741* E-MU DAS
 742
 743extin
 744    bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see below)
 745extout
 746    bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see below)
 747seq_ports
 748    allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
 749max_synth_voices
 750    limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
 751max_buffer_size
 752    specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers given in MB
 753    unit.  Default value is 128.
 754enable_ir
 755    enable IR
 756
 757This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 758
 759Input & Output configurations 			[extin/extout]
 760* Creative Card wo/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f03]
 761* Creative Card w/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f0f]
 762* Creative Card w/Digital CD in			[0x000f/0x1f0f]
 763* Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
 764* Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
 765* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive	[0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
 766* Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2  [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
 767* Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
 768* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
 769* Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fff]
 770* Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003			[0x3fc3/0x7cff]
 771* Creative Card all ins and outs		[0x3fff/0x7fff]
 772  
 773The power-management is supported.
 774  
 775Module snd-emu10k1x
 776-------------------
 777
 778Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
 779
 780This module supports multiple cards.
 781
 782Module snd-ens1370
 783------------------
 784
 785Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
 786
 787* SoundBlaster PCI 64
 788* SoundBlaster PCI 128
 789    
 790joystick
 791    Enable joystick (default off)
 792  
 793This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 794
 795The power-management is supported.
 796
 797Module snd-ens1371
 798------------------
 799
 800Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
 801
 802* SoundBlaster PCI 64
 803* SoundBlaster PCI 128
 804* SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
 805      
 806joystick_port
 807    port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218), 0 = disable
 808    (default), 1 = auto-detect
 809  
 810This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 811
 812The power-management is supported.
 813
 814Module snd-es1688
 815-----------------
 816
 817Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
 818
 819isapnp
 820    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
 821mpu_port
 822    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
 823mpu_irq
 824    IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
 825fm_port
 826    port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
 827
 828with ``isapnp=0``, the following additional options are available:
 829
 830port
 831    port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
 832irq
 833    IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
 834dma8
 835    DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
 836
 837This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
 838and PnP with the ES968 chip.
 839
 840Module snd-es18xx
 841-----------------
 842
 843Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
 844
 845isapnp
 846    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
 847
 848with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
 849
 850port
 851    port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
 852mpu_port
 853    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
 854fm_port
 855    port # for FM (optional, not used)
 856irq
 857    IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
 858dma1
 859    first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
 860dma2
 861    first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
 862
 863This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
 864port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
 865When ``dma2`` is equal with ``dma1``, the driver works as half-duplex.
 866
 867The power-management is supported.
 868
 869Module snd-es1938
 870-----------------
 871
 872Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
 873
 874This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 875
 876The power-management is supported.
 877
 878Module snd-es1968
 879-----------------
 880
 881Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
 882
 883total_bufsize
 884    total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
 885pcm_substreams_p
 886    playback channels (1-8, default=2)
 887pcm_substreams_c
 888    capture channels (1-8, default=0)
 889clock
 890    clock (0 = auto-detection)
 891use_pm
 892    support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
 893enable_mpu
 894    enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
 895joystick
 896    enable joystick (default off)       
 897
 898This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 899
 900The power-management is supported.
 901
 902Module snd-fm801
 903----------------
 904
 905Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
 906
 907tea575x_tuner
 908    Enable TEA575x tuner;
 909    1 = MediaForte 256-PCS,
 910    2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR,
 911    3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
 912    High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1;
 913    example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
 914	  
 915This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 916
 917The power-management is supported.
 918
 919Module snd-gina20
 920-----------------
 921
 922Module for Echoaudio Gina20
 923
 924This module supports multiple cards.
 925The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 926
 927Module snd-gina24
 928-----------------
 929
 930Module for Echoaudio Gina24
 931
 932This module supports multiple cards.
 933The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 934
 935Module snd-gusclassic
 936---------------------
 937
 938Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
 939
 940port
 941    port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
 942irq
 943    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
 944dma1
 945    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
 946dma2
 947    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
 948joystick_dac
 949    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
 950voices
 951    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
 952pcm_voices
 953    reserved PCM voices
 954
 955This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 956
 957Module snd-gusextreme
 958---------------------
 959
 960Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
 961
 962port
 963    port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
 964gf1_port
 965    port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
 966mpu_port
 967    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
 968irq
 969    IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
 970gf1_irq
 971    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
 972mpu_irq
 973    IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
 974dma8
 975    DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
 976dma1
 977    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
 978joystick_dac
 979    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
 980voices
 981    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
 982pcm_voices
 983    reserved PCM voices
 984
 985This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
 986
 987Module snd-gusmax
 988-----------------
 989
 990Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
 991
 992port
 993    port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
 994irq
 995    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
 996dma1
 997    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
 998dma2
 999    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1000joystick_dac
1001    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1002voices
1003    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
1004pcm_voices
1005    reserved PCM voices
1006
1007This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1008
1009Module snd-hda-intel
1010--------------------
1011
1012Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
1013PCH, SCH), ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
1014RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770, VIA VT8251/VT8237A, SIS966, ULI M5461
1015
1016[Multiple options for each card instance]
1017
1018model
1019    force the model name
1020position_fix
1021    Fix DMA pointer;
1022    -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller hardware,
1023    0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work,
1024    1 = use LPIB,
1025    2 = POSBUF: use position buffer,
1026    3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture,
1027    4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
1028    5 = SKL+: apply the delay calculation available on recent Intel chips
1029    6 = FIFO: correct the position with the fixed FIFO size, for recent AMD chips
1030probe_mask
1031    Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots);
1032    When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
1033    as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
1034    slots regardless what hardware reports back
1035probe_only
1036    Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
1037    Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
1038bdl_pos_adj
1039    Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
1040    Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
1041    value based on the controller chip.
1042patch
1043    Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio setup
1044    before initializing the codecs.
1045    This option is available only when ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y``
1046    is set.  See hd-audio/notes.rst for details.
1047beep_mode
1048    Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on);
1049    default value is set via ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE`` kconfig.
1050
1051[Single (global) options]
1052
1053single_cmd
1054    Use single immediate commands to communicate with codecs
1055    (for debugging only)
1056enable_msi
1057    Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
1058power_save
1059    Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 = disable)
1060power_save_controller
1061    Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode (default = on)
1062pm_blacklist
1063    Enable / disable power-management deny-list (default = look up PM
1064    deny-list, 0 = skip PM deny-list, 1 = force to turn off runtime PM)
1065align_buffer_size
1066    Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples of 128 bytes.
1067    This is more efficient in terms of memory access but isn't
1068    required by the HDA spec and prevents users from specifying
1069    exact period/buffer sizes. (default = on)
1070snoop
1071    Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
1072
1073This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1074
1075See hd-audio/notes.rst for more details about HD-audio driver.
1076
1077Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
1078If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
1079configuration is set up.  You can pass ``model=<name>`` option to
1080specify a certain model in such a case.  There are different
1081models depending on the codec chip.  The list of available models
1082is found in hd-audio/models.rst.
1083
1084The model name ``generic`` is treated as a special case.  When this
1085model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
1086"codec-patch".  It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
1087
1088The model option can be used also for aliasing to another PCI or codec
1089SSID.  When it's passed in the form of ``model=XXXX:YYYY`` where XXXX
1090and YYYY are the sub-vendor and sub-device IDs in hex numbers,
1091respectively, the driver will refer to that SSID as a reference to the
1092quirk table.
1093
1094If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
1095matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
1096output (with ``--no-upload`` option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
1097ML (see the section `Links and Addresses`_).
1098
1099``power_save`` and ``power_save_controller`` options are for power-saving
1100mode.  See powersave.rst for details.
1101
1102Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
1103``position_fix=1`` or ``2``.  ``position_fix=1`` will use the SD_LPIB
1104register value without FIFO size correction as the current
1105DMA pointer.  ``position_fix=2`` will make the driver to use
1106the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
1107(Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
1108position buffer.)
1109
1110``position_fix=3`` is specific to VIA devices.  The position
1111of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
1112values.  ``position_fix=4`` is a combination mode, using LPIB
1113for playback and POSBUF for capture.
1114
1115NB: If you get many ``azx_get_response timeout`` messages at
1116loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
1117routing).  Try to boot with options like ``pci=noacpi``.  Also, you
1118can try ``single_cmd=1`` module option.  This will switch the
1119communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
1120single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB.  Basically, the
1121single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
1122unsolicited events, too.  But, at least, this works independently
1123from the irq.  Remember this is a last resort, and should be
1124avoided as much as possible...
1125
1126MORE NOTES ON ``azx_get_response timeout`` PROBLEMS:
1127On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
1128to avoid the ``azx_get_response timeout`` problem above, instead.
1129This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
1130(likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
1131bus.  You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
1132``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE``, or simply from the file name of the codec
1133proc files.  Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
1134For example, ``probe_mask=1`` means to probe only the first slot, and
1135``probe_mask=4`` means only the third slot.
1136
1137The power-management is supported.
1138
1139Module snd-hdsp
1140---------------
1141
1142Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
1143
1144This module supports multiple cards.
1145
1146Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
1147when ``CONFIG_FW_LOADER`` is set.  Otherwise, you need to load
1148the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
1149package.
1150The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
1151
1152Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1153module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
1154when any HDSP cards are found.  To make the buffer
1155allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1156stage of boot sequence.  See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
1157section.
1158
1159Module snd-hdspm
1160----------------
1161
1162Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
1163
1164precise_ptr
1165    Enable precise pointer, or disable.
1166line_outs_monitor
1167    Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
1168enable_monitor
1169    Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
1170
1171See hdspm.rst for details.
1172
1173Module snd-ice1712
1174------------------
1175
1176Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
1177
1178* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
1179* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1180* MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1181* MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1182* MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1183* MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1184* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1185* TerraTec EWS 88MT
1186* TerraTec EWS 88D
1187* TerraTec EWX 24/96
1188* TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1189* TerraTec Phase 88
1190* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1191* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1192* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1193* Event Electronics, EZ8
1194* Digigram VX442
1195* Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1196* Terrasoniq TS 88
1197			
1198model
1199    Use the given board model, one of the following:
1200    delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1201    delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1202    dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1203    phase88, mediastation
1204omni
1205    Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1206cs8427_timeout
1207    reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) in msec
1208    resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1209
1210This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1211Note: The consumer part is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for
1212example in the MidiMan Delta siree).
1213
1214Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1215SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
1216model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
1217driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1218type for testing.
1219
1220Module snd-ice1724
1221------------------
1222
1223Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1224
1225* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1226* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1227* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1228* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
1229* TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1230* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1231* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1232* TerraTec Phase 22
1233* TerraTec Phase 28
1234* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1235* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
1236* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
1237* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
1238* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
1239* AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1240* Pontis MS300
1241* Albatron K8X800 Pro II 
1242* Chaintech ZNF3-150
1243* Chaintech ZNF3-250
1244* Chaintech 9CJS
1245* Chaintech AV-710
1246* Shuttle SN25P
1247* Onkyo SE-90PCI
1248* Onkyo SE-200PCI
1249* ESI Juli@
1250* ESI Maya44
1251* Hercules Fortissimo IV
1252* EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
1253			
1254model
1255    Use the given board model, one of the following:
1256    revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1257    prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
1258    juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
1259    phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
1260    fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
1261  
1262This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1263
1264Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1265SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
1266model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
1267driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1268type for testing.
1269
1270Module snd-indigo
1271-----------------
1272
1273Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1274
1275This module supports multiple cards.
1276The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1277
1278Module snd-indigodj
1279-------------------
1280
1281Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1282
1283This module supports multiple cards.
1284The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1285
1286Module snd-indigoio
1287-------------------
1288
1289Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1290
1291This module supports multiple cards.
1292The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1293
1294Module snd-intel8x0
1295-------------------
1296
1297Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1298
1299* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7,
1300  6300ESB, ESB2 
1301* SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1302* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
1303* AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1304* ALi m5455
1305	  
1306ac97_clock
1307    AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1308ac97_quirk
1309    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
1310    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
1311buggy_irq
1312    Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some motherboards
1313    (default yes on nForce chips, otherwise off)
1314buggy_semaphore
1315    Enable workaround for hardware with buggy semaphores (e.g. on some
1316    ASUS laptops) (default off)
1317spdif_aclink
1318    Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection from the
1319    controller chip (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1320
1321This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1322
1323Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1324if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1325explicitly via the module option ``ac97_clock=41194``.
1326
1327Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver.  If your
1328motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1329modules, respectively.
1330
1331The power-management is supported.
1332
1333Module snd-intel8x0m
1334--------------------
1335
1336Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1337
1338* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
1339* SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1340* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1341* AMD AMD8111
1342* ALi m5455
1343	  
1344ac97_clock
1345    AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1346  
1347This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1348
1349Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1350slot is excluded.
1351
1352The power-management is supported.
1353
1354Module snd-interwave
1355--------------------
1356
1357Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1358and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1359
1360joystick_dac
1361    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1362midi
1363    1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1364pcm_voices
1365    reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1366effect
1367    1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
1368isapnp
1369    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1370
1371with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1372
1373port
1374    port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1375irq
1376    IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1377dma1
1378    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1379dma2
1380    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1381
1382This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1383
1384Module snd-interwave-stb
1385------------------------
1386
1387Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1388and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1389circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1390
1391joystick_dac
1392    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1393midi
1394    1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1395pcm_voices
1396    reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1397effect
1398    1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
1399isapnp
1400    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1401
1402with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1403
1404port
1405    port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1406port_tc
1407    tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1408irq
1409    IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1410dma1
1411    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1412dma2
1413    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1414
1415This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1416
1417Module snd-jazz16
1418-------------------
1419
1420Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
1421MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
1422
1423port
1424    port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1425irq
1426    IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
1427dma8
1428    DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1429dma16
1430    DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
1431mpu_port
1432    MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1433mpu_irq
1434    MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
1435
1436This module supports multiple cards.
1437
1438Module snd-korg1212
1439-------------------
1440
1441Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1442
1443This module supports multiple cards.
1444
1445Module snd-layla20
1446------------------
1447
1448Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1449
1450This module supports multiple cards.
1451The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1452
1453Module snd-layla24
1454------------------
1455
1456Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1457
1458This module supports multiple cards.
1459The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1460
1461Module snd-lola
1462---------------
1463
1464Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
1465
1466This module supports multiple cards.
1467
1468Module snd-lx6464es
1469-------------------
1470
1471Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1472
1473This module supports multiple cards.
1474
1475Module snd-maestro3
1476-------------------
1477
1478Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1479
1480external_amp
1481    enable external amp (enabled by default)
1482amp_gpio
1483    GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or -1 for default pin (8
1484    for allegro, 1 for others) 
1485
1486This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1487
1488Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1489If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1490specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option. 
1491For example, a Panasonic notebook might need ``amp_gpio=0x0d``
1492option.
1493
1494The power-management is supported.
1495
1496Module snd-mia
1497---------------
1498
1499Module for Echoaudio Mia
1500
1501This module supports multiple cards.
1502The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1503
1504Module snd-miro
1505---------------
1506
1507Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, miroSOUND PCM 12,
1508miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1509
1510port
1511    Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1512irq
1513    IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1514dma1
1515    1st dma # (0,1,3)
1516dma2
1517    2nd dma # (0,1)
1518mpu_port
1519    MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1520mpu_irq
1521    MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1522fm_port
1523    FM Port # (0x388)
1524wss
1525    enable WSS mode
1526ide
1527    enable onboard ide support
1528
1529Module snd-mixart
1530-----------------
1531
1532Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1533
1534This module supports multiple cards.
1535Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1536See Documentation/sound/cards/mixart.rst for details.
1537
1538When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1539is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1540Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1541When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1542firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1543
1544Module snd-mona
1545---------------
1546
1547Module for Echoaudio Mona
1548
1549This module supports multiple cards.
1550The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1551
1552Module snd-mpu401
1553-----------------
1554
1555Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1556
1557port
1558    port number or -1 (disable)
1559irq
1560    IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1561pnp
1562    PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1563
1564This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1565
1566Module snd-msnd-classic
1567-----------------------
1568
1569Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1570soundcards.
1571
1572io
1573    Port # for msnd-classic card
1574irq
1575    IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1576mem
1577    Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1578write_ndelay
1579    enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1580calibrate_signal
1581    calibrate signal (default = 0)
1582isapnp
1583    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1584digital
1585    Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1586cfg
1587    Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1588reset
1589    Reset all devices
1590mpu_io
1591    MPU401 I/O port
1592mpu_irq
1593    MPU401 irq#
1594ide_io0
1595    IDE port #0
1596ide_io1
1597    IDE port #1
1598ide_irq
1599    IDE irq#
1600joystick_io
1601    Joystick I/O port
1602
1603The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/msndinit.bin`` and
1604``turtlebeach/msndperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
1605
1606See Documentation/sound/cards/multisound.sh for important information
1607about this driver.  Note that it has been discontinued, but the 
1608Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1609at
1610https://www.turtlebeach.com
1611
1612Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1613------------------------
1614
1615Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1616
1617io
1618    Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1619irq
1620    IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1621mem
1622    Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1623write_ndelay
1624    enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1625calibrate_signal
1626    calibrate signal (default = 0)
1627isapnp
1628    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1629
1630The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/pndspini.bin`` and
1631``turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
1632
1633Module snd-mtpav
1634----------------
1635
1636Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1637port).
1638
1639port
1640    I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1641irq
1642    IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1643hwports
1644    number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1645
1646Module supports only 1 card.  This module has no enable option.
1647
1648Module snd-mts64
1649----------------
1650
1651Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1652
1653This module supports multiple devices.
1654Requires parport (``CONFIG_PARPORT``).
1655
1656Module snd-nm256
1657----------------
1658
1659Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1660
1661playback_bufsize
1662    max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1663capture_bufsize
1664    max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1665force_ac97
1666    0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1667buffer_top
1668    specify buffer top address
1669use_cache
1670    0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1671vaio_hack
1672    alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1673reset_workaround
1674    enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1675reset_workaround2
1676    enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some other laptops
1677
1678This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1679
1680The power-management is supported.
1681
1682Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1683automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1684In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1685the buffer_top option.
1686For example,
1687Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1688Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1689The driver supports only ac97 codec.  It's possible to force
1690to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected.  In such a
1691case, use ``force_ac97=1`` option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1692works!
1693
1694Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1695codecs.  This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1696with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1697even though the device is detected in lspci.  In such a case, try
1698other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2.  Some has ISA-PnP
1699but some doesn't have ISA PnP.  You'll need to specify ``isapnp=0``
1700and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1701
1702Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET.  For the
1703known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1704workaround is enabled automatically.  For other laptops with a
1705hard freeze, you can try ``reset_workaround=1`` option.
1706
1707Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1708AC97 RESET.  On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1709turned on as default.  This option is worth to try if the
1710previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1711
1712Note: This driver is really crappy.  It's a porting from the
1713OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1714The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1715X-server as described above.  You might be able to force to load
1716the module, but it may result in hang-up.   Hence, make sure that
1717you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1718problem.
1719
1720Module snd-opl3sa2
1721------------------
1722
1723Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1724
1725isapnp
1726    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1727
1728with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1729
1730port
1731    control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1732sb_port
1733    SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1734wss_port
1735    WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1736midi_port
1737    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1738fm_port
1739    FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1740irq
1741    IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1742dma1
1743    first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1744dma2
1745    second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1746
1747This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.  It does not support
1748autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1749
1750The power-management is supported.
1751
1752Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1753-------------------------
1754
1755Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1756Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1757
1758isapnp
1759    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1760
1761with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1762
1763port
1764    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1765mpu_port
1766    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1767fm_port
1768    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1769irq
1770    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1771mpu_irq
1772    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1773dma1
1774    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1775
1776This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1777
1778Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1779-------------------------
1780
1781Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1782
1783isapnp
1784    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1785
1786with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1787
1788port
1789    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1790mpu_port
1791    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1792fm_port
1793    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1794irq
1795    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1796mpu_irq
1797    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1798dma1
1799    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1800dma2
1801    second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1802
1803This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1804
1805Module snd-opti93x
1806------------------
1807
1808Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1809
1810isapnp
1811    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1812
1813with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1814
1815port
1816    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1817mpu_port
1818    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1819fm_port
1820    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1821irq
1822    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1823mpu_irq
1824    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1825dma1
1826    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1827dma2
1828    second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1829
1830This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1831
1832Module snd-oxygen
1833-----------------
1834
1835Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
1836
1837* Asound A-8788
1838* Asus Xonar DG/DGX
1839* AuzenTech X-Meridian
1840* AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
1841* Bgears b-Enspirer
1842* Club3D Theatron DTS
1843* HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1844* HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1845* Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
1846* Razer Barracuda AC-1
1847* Sondigo Inferno
1848* TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
1849* TempoTec HiFier Serenade
1850    
1851This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1852  
1853Module snd-pcsp
1854---------------
1855
1856Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1857
1858nopcm
1859    Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
1860nforce_wa
1861    enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1862
1863This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1864even a few mixer controls.
1865
1866Module snd-pcxhr
1867----------------
1868
1869Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1870
1871This module supports multiple cards.
1872
1873Module snd-portman2x4
1874---------------------
1875
1876Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1877
1878This module supports multiple cards.
1879
1880Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1881---------------------------------
1882
1883Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1884
1885enable_beep
1886    enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1887
1888Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1889
1890Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
1891
1892The power-management is supported.
1893
1894Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1895------------------------------------
1896
1897Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1898
1899For ARM architecture only.
1900
1901The power-management is supported.
1902
1903Module snd-riptide
1904------------------
1905
1906Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1907
1908joystick_port
1909    Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1910mpu_port
1911    MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1912opl3_port
1913    OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1914
1915This module supports multiple cards.
1916The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1917You need to install the firmware file ``riptide.hex`` to the standard
1918firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1919
1920Module snd-rme32
1921----------------
1922
1923Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32, 
1924Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1925
1926This module supports multiple cards.
1927
1928Module snd-rme96
1929----------------
1930
1931Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1932
1933This module supports multiple cards.
1934
1935Module snd-rme9652
1936------------------
1937
1938Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1939
1940precise_ptr
1941    Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably). (default = 0)
1942
1943This module supports multiple cards.
1944
1945Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1946module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
1947when any RME9652 cards are found.  To make the buffer
1948allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1949stage of boot sequence.  See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
1950section.
1951
1952Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1953---------------------------------------
1954
1955Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1956
1957Module supports only one card.
1958Module has no enable and index options.
1959
1960The power-management is supported.
1961
1962Module snd-sb8
1963--------------
1964
1965Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0, SoundBlaster 2.0,
1966SoundBlaster Pro
1967
1968port
1969    port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1970irq
1971    IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1972dma8
1973    DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1974
1975This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1976
1977The power-management is supported.
1978
1979Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1980-----------------------------
1981
1982Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1983SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP), SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1984
1985mic_agc
1986    Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1987csp
1988    ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1989isapnp
1990    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1991
1992with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1993
1994port
1995    port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1996mpu_port
1997    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1998awe_port
1999    base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660) (snd-sbawe
2000    module only)
2001irq
2002    IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
2003dma8
2004    8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
2005dma16
2006    16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
2007
2008This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
2009
2010Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
2011disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
2012Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
2013half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
201416-bit DMA channel.
2015
2016The power-management is supported.
2017
2018Module snd-sc6000
2019-----------------
2020
2021Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600 and
2022SC-7000.
2023
2024port
2025    Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
2026mss_port
2027    MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
2028irq
2029    IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
2030mpu_irq
2031    MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
2032dma
2033    DMA # (1,3,0)
2034joystick
2035    Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
2036
2037This module supports multiple cards.
2038
2039This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
2040
2041Module snd-sscape
2042-----------------
2043
2044Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
2045
2046port
2047    Port # (PnP setup)
2048wss_port
2049    WSS Port # (PnP setup)
2050irq
2051    IRQ # (PnP setup)
2052mpu_irq
2053    MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
2054dma
2055    DMA # (PnP setup)
2056dma2
2057    2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
2058joystick
2059    Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
2060
2061This module supports multiple cards.
2062
2063The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
2064
2065Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
2066--------------------------------------
2067
2068Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
2069
2070This module supports multiple cards.
2071
2072Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
2073-------------------------------------
2074
2075Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
2076
2077This module supports multiple cards.
2078
2079Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
2080-----------------------------------
2081
2082Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
2083
2084This module supports multiple cards.
2085
2086Module snd-wavefront
2087--------------------
2088
2089Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
2090
2091use_cs4232_midi
2092    Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
2093    (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
2094isapnp
2095    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
2096
2097with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
2098
2099cs4232_pcm_port
2100    Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2101cs4232_pcm_irq
2102    IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
2103cs4232_mpu_port
2104    Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
2105cs4232_mpu_irq
2106    IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
2107ics2115_port
2108    Port # for ICS2115
2109ics2115_irq
2110    IRQ # for ICS2115
2111fm_port
2112    FM OPL-3 Port #
2113dma1
2114    DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2115dma2
2116    DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2117
2118The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
2119
2120wf_raw
2121    Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no);
2122    If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
2123    ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
2124fx_raw
2125    Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes);
2126    If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
2127    when the driver is loaded.  The default is to download the
2128    microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
2129    "default" operation, whatever that means.
2130debug_default
2131    Debug parameters for card initialization
2132wait_usecs
2133    How long to wait without sleeping, usecs (default:150);
2134    This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
2135    based on my limited experimentation. 
2136    If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
2137    my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
2138    to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
2139    without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
2140    CPU. 
2141    Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
2142    waits, only about 250 result in a sleep. 
2143sleep_interval
2144    How long to sleep when waiting for reply (default: 100)
2145sleep_tries
2146    How many times to try sleeping during a wait (default: 50)
2147ospath
2148    Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware (default:wavefront.os);
2149    The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware.  In the recent
2150    version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
2151    must be installed in the proper path, typically,
2152    /lib/firmware.
2153reset_time
2154    How long to wait for a reset to take effect (default:2)
2155ramcheck_time
2156    How many seconds to wait for the RAM test (default:20)
2157osrun_time
2158    How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS (default:10)
2159
2160This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
2161
2162Note: the firmware file ``wavefront.os`` was located in the earlier
2163version in /etc.  Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
2164must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
2165Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
2166regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
2167
2168Module snd-sonicvibes
2169---------------------
2170
2171Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
2172* PINE Schubert 32 PCI
2173  
2174reverb
2175    Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default);
2176    SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
2177mge
2178    Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
2179
2180This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
2181
2182Module snd-serial-u16550
2183------------------------
2184
2185Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
2186
2187port
2188    port # for UART16550A chip
2189irq
2190    IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
2191speed
2192    speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
2193    38400 = default
2194base
2195    base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
2196    115200 = default
2197outs
2198    number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
2199    1 = default
2200adaptor
2201    Type of adaptor.
2202	0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
2203	3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
2204
2205This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
2206thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
2207
2208Module snd-trident
2209------------------
2210
2211Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
2212* Best Union  Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
2213* HIS  4DWave PCI
2214* Warpspeed  ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
2215* AzTech  PCI 64-Q3D
2216* Addonics  SV 750
2217* CHIC  True Sound 4Dwave
2218* Shark  Predator4D-PCI
2219* Jaton  SonicWave 4D
2220* SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
2221* Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
2222		    
2223pcm_channels
2224    max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
2225wavetable_size
2226    max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
2227
2228This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
2229
2230The power-management is supported.
2231
2232Module snd-ua101
2233----------------
2234
2235Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
2236
2237This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2238
2239Module snd-usb-audio
2240--------------------
2241
2242Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
2243
2244vid
2245    Vendor ID for the device (optional)
2246pid
2247    Product ID for the device (optional)
2248nrpacks
2249    Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
2250device_setup
2251    Device specific magic number (optional);
2252    Influence depends on the device
2253    Default: 0x0000 
2254ignore_ctl_error
2255    Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer interface (default: no)
2256autoclock
2257    Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes)
2258quirk_alias
2259    Quirk alias list, pass strings like ``0123abcd:5678beef``, which
2260    applies the existing quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new
2261    device 0123:abcd.
2262implicit_fb
2263    Apply the generic implicit feedback sync mode.  When this is set
2264    and the playback stream sync mode is ASYNC, the driver tries to
2265    tie an adjacent ASYNC capture stream as the implicit feedback
2266    source.  This is equivalent with quirk_flags bit 17.
2267use_vmalloc
2268    Use vmalloc() for allocations of the PCM buffers (default: yes).
2269    For architectures with non-coherent memory like ARM or MIPS, the
2270    mmap access may give inconsistent results with vmalloc'ed
2271    buffers.  If mmap is used on such architectures, turn off this
2272    option, so that the DMA-coherent buffers are allocated and used
2273    instead.
2274delayed_register
2275    The option is needed for devices that have multiple streams
2276    defined in multiple USB interfaces.  The driver may invoke
2277    registrations multiple times (once per interface) and this may
2278    lead to the insufficient device enumeration.
2279    This option receives an array of strings, and you can pass
2280    ID:INTERFACE like ``0123abcd:4`` for performing the delayed
2281    registration to the given device.  In this example, when a USB
2282    device 0123:abcd is probed, the driver waits the registration
2283    until the USB interface 4 gets probed.
2284    The driver prints a message like "Found post-registration device
2285    assignment: 1234abcd:04" for such a device, so that user can
2286    notice the need.
2287quirk_flags
2288    Contains the bit flags for various device specific workarounds.
2289    Applied to the corresponding card index.
2290
2291        * bit 0: Skip reading sample rate for devices
2292        * bit 1: Create Media Controller API entries
2293        * bit 2: Allow alignment on audio sub-slot at transfer
2294        * bit 3: Add length specifier to transfers
2295        * bit 4: Start playback stream at first in implement feedback mode
2296        * bit 5: Skip clock selector setup
2297        * bit 6: Ignore errors from clock source search
2298        * bit 7: Indicates ITF-USB DSD based DACs
2299        * bit 8: Add a delay of 20ms at each control message handling
2300        * bit 9: Add a delay of 1-2ms at each control message handling
2301        * bit 10: Add a delay of 5-6ms at each control message handling
2302        * bit 11: Add a delay of 50ms at each interface setup
2303        * bit 12: Perform sample rate validations at probe
2304        * bit 13: Disable runtime PM autosuspend
2305        * bit 14: Ignore errors for mixer access
2306        * bit 15: Support generic DSD raw U32_BE format
2307        * bit 16: Set up the interface at first like UAC1
2308        * bit 17: Apply the generic implicit feedback sync mode
2309        * bit 18: Don't apply implicit feedback sync mode
2310
2311This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2312
2313NB: ``nrpacks`` parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
2314Don't put the value over 20.  Changing via sysfs has no sanity
2315check.
2316
2317NB: ``ignore_ctl_error=1`` may help when you get an error at accessing
2318the mixer element such as URB error -22.  This happens on some
2319buggy USB device or the controller.  This workaround corresponds to
2320the ``quirk_flags`` bit 14, too.
2321
2322NB: ``quirk_alias`` option is provided only for testing / development.
2323If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
2324adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
2325Ditto for ``quirk_flags``.  If a device is known to require specific
2326workarounds, please report to the upstream.
2327
2328Module snd-usb-caiaq
2329--------------------
2330
2331Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
2332
2333* Native Instruments RigKontrol2
2334* Native Instruments Kore Controller
2335* Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
2336* Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
2337	
2338This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2339  
2340Module snd-usb-usx2y
2341--------------------
2342
2343Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
2344
2345This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2346
2347Note: you need to load the firmware via ``usx2yloader`` utility included
2348in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
2349
2350Module snd-via82xx
2351------------------
2352
2353Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233, 8233A,
23548233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
2355
2356mpu_port
2357    0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
2358    [VIA686A/686B only]
2359joystick
2360    Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
2361ac97_clock
2362    AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2363dxs_support
2364    support DXS channels, 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
2365    3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample rate and different
2366    sample rates on different channels [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
2367ac97_quirk
2368    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
2369    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
2370
2371This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
2372
2373Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
2374not be generated properly.  In such a case, please try to
2375set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
2376default value 1.4.  Then the interrupt number will be
2377assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
2378
2379Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
2380channels as the first PCM.  On these channels, up to 4
2381streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
2382can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
2383each channel.
2384As default (``dxs_support = 0``), 48k fixed rate is chosen
2385except for the known devices since the output is often
2386noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
2387bug of BIOS.
2388Please try once ``dxs_support=5`` and if it works on other
2389sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
2390know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
2391``lspci -nv``).
2392If ``dxs_support=5`` does not work, try ``dxs_support=4``; if it
2393doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1.  (dxs_support=1 is
2394usually for old motherboards.  The correct implemented
2395board should work with 4 or 5.)  If it still doesn't
2396work and the default setting is ok, ``dxs_support=3`` is the
2397right choice.  If the default setting doesn't work at all,
2398try ``dxs_support=2`` to disable the DXS channels.
2399In any cases, please let us know the result and the
2400subsystem vendor/device ids.  See `Links and Addresses`_
2401below.
2402
2403Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
2404additionally.  The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
2405
2406The power-management is supported.
2407
2408Module snd-via82xx-modem
2409------------------------
2410
2411Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
2412
2413ac97_clock
2414    AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2415
2416This module supports one card and autoprobe.
2417
2418Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
2419slot is excluded.
2420
2421The power-management is supported.
2422
2423Module snd-virmidi
2424------------------
2425
2426Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
2427This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
2428to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
2429
2430midi_devs
2431    MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
2432
2433This module supports multiple cards.
2434
2435Module snd-virtuoso
2436-------------------
2437
2438Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
2439i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
2440Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
2441
2442This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
2443
2444Module snd-vx222
2445----------------
2446
2447Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
2448
2449mic
2450    Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
2451ibl
2452    Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2453
2454This module supports multiple cards.
2455
2456When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2457is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2458Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2459When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2460firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.  To invoke
2461vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2462
2463::
2464
2465  install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222\
2466    && /usr/bin/vxloader
2467
2468(for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add ``post-install /usr/bin/vxloader`` to
2469/etc/modules.conf, instead.)
2470IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM.  The smaller size
2471gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
2472The size is usually aligned to 126.  As default (=0), the smallest
2473size is chosen.  The possible IBL values can be found in
2474/proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2475
2476The power-management is supported.
2477
2478Module snd-vxpocket
2479-------------------
2480
2481Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2482
2483ibl
2484    Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2485
2486This module supports multiple cards.  The module is compiled only when
2487PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2488
2489With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2490manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf.  See the
2491sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.  2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2492longer require a config file.
2493
2494When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2495is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2496Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2497When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2498firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2499
2500About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2501
2502Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2503ALSA 1.0.10.
2504
2505The power-management is supported.
2506
2507Module snd-ymfpci
2508-----------------
2509
2510Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2511
2512mpu_port
2513    0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2514    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2515fm_port
2516    0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2517    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2518joystick_port
2519    0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2520    1 (auto-detect)
2521rear_switch
2522    enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2523
2524This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2525
2526The power-management is supported.
2527
2528Module snd-pdaudiocf
2529--------------------
2530
2531Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2532
2533The power-management is supported.
2534
2535
2536AC97 Quirk Option
2537=================
2538
2539The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2540specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2541snd-intel8x0.  Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2542and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2543specifications from version to version :-)
2544
2545The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2546but some might be unknown or wrongly detected.  In such a case, pass
2547the proper value with this option.
2548
2549The following strings are accepted:
2550
2551default
2552    Don't override the default setting
2553none
2554    Disable the quirk
2555hp_only
2556    Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2557swap_hp
2558    Swap headphone and master controls
2559swap_surround
2560    Swap master and surround controls
2561ad_sharing
2562    For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2563alc_jack
2564    For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2565inv_eapd
2566    Inverted EAPD implementation
2567mute_led
2568    Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2569
2570For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0, ...
2571are  accepted, too.
2572
2573For example, if ``Master`` volume control has no effect on your device
2574but only ``Headphone`` does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2575
2576
2577Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2578============================
2579
2580When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2581supporting the isapnp cards will have module options ``isapnp``.
2582If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2583For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass ``isapnp=0`` option
2584together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2585
2586When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2587will be not built in.
2588
2589
2590Module Autoloading Support
2591==========================
2592
2593The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2594module aliases.  The string ``snd-card-%1`` is requested for ALSA native
2595devices where ``%i`` is sound card number from zero to seven.
2596
2597To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2598``sound-slot-%i`` where ``%i`` means the slot number for OSS, which
2599corresponds to the card index of ALSA.  Usually, define this
2600as the same card module.
2601
2602An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2603::
2604
2605    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2606    alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2607    alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2608    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2609
2610The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2611option ``cards_limit`` of snd module.  As default it's set to 1.
2612To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2613sound cards in that option.
2614
2615When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2616number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2617cards is kept consistent.
2618
2619An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2620::
2621
2622    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2623    # ALSA portion
2624    options snd cards_limit=2
2625    alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2626    alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2627    options snd-interwave index=0
2628    options snd-ens1371 index=1
2629    # OSS/Free portion
2630    alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2631    alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2632    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2633
2634In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2635(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2636
2637Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2638``slots`` option of snd module.  In the case above, specify like the
2639following: 
2640::
2641
2642    options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2643
2644Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2645the second (#1) for snd-ens1371.  You can omit index option in each
2646driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2647the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2648
2649The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2650hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict.  For example, in the
2651case above again, the first two slots are already reserved.  If any
2652other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2653snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2654
2655When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2656modules but that name.  For example, ``slots=!snd-pcsp`` will reserve
2657the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp. 
2658
2659
2660ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2661=======================================
2662::
2663
2664    /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2665    /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp)     -> minor 3
2666    /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp)   -> minor 12
2667    /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio1              -> minor 4+16 = 20
2668    /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp1                -> minor 3+16 = 19
2669    /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp1               -> minor 12+16 = 28
2670    /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio2              -> minor 4+32 = 36
2671    /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp2                -> minor 3+32 = 39
2672    /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp2               -> minor 12+32 = 44
2673
2674The first number from ``/dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p]`` expression means
2675sound card number and second means device number.  The ALSA devices
2676have either ``c`` or ``p`` suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2677playback, respectively.
2678
2679Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2680options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2681
2682
2683Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2684==============================
2685
2686/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2687-------------------------------
2688erase
2689    erase all additional information about OSS applications
2690
2691<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]
2692    <app_name>
2693	name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2694    <fragments>
2695	 number of fragments or zero if auto
2696    <fragment_size>
2697	 size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2698    <options>
2699	optional parameters
2700
2701	disable
2702	    the application tries to open a pcm device for
2703	    this channel but does not want to use it.
2704	    (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2705	    It's good for Quake etc...
2706	direct
2707	    don't use plugins
2708	block
2709	     force block mode (rvplayer)
2710	non-block
2711	    force non-block mode
2712	whole-frag
2713	    write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2714	    playback only)
2715	no-silence
2716	    do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2717	buggy-ptr
2718	    Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2719	    instead of filled blocks
2720
2721Example:
2722::
2723
2724    echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2725    echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2726    echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2727
2728
2729Early Buffer Allocation
2730=======================
2731
2732Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2733sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2734actually loaded due to memory fragmentation.  You can pre-allocate the
2735PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2736proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2737``/etc/init.d/*.local`` scripts.
2738
2739Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2740usage of page allocation.  In writing, you can send the following
2741commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2742
2743* add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2744
2745VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs.  They take
2746integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2747MASK is the PCI DMA mask.  Pass 0 if not restricted.
2748SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate.  You can pass
2749k and m suffix for KB and MB.  The max number is 16MB.
2750BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate.  It must be greater
2751than 0.  The max number is 4.
2752
2753* erase
2754
2755This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2756use.
2757
2758
2759Links and Addresses
2760===================
2761
2762ALSA project homepage
2763    http://www.alsa-project.org
2764Kernel Bugzilla
2765    http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2766ALSA Developers ML
2767    mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2768alsa-info.sh script
2769    https://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh
v5.4
   1==============================================================
   2Advanced Linux Sound Architecture - Driver Configuration guide
   3==============================================================
   4
   5
   6Kernel Configuration
   7====================
   8
   9To enable ALSA support you need at least to build the kernel with
  10primary sound card support (``CONFIG_SOUND``).  Since ALSA can emulate
  11OSS, you don't have to choose any of the OSS modules.
  12
  13Enable "OSS API emulation" (``CONFIG_SND_OSSEMUL``) and both OSS mixer
  14and PCM supports if you want to run OSS applications with ALSA.
  15
  16If you want to support the WaveTable functionality on cards such as
  17SB Live! then you need to enable "Sequencer support"
  18(``CONFIG_SND_SEQUENCER``).
  19
  20To make ALSA debug messages more verbose, enable the "Verbose printk"
  21and "Debug" options.  To check for memory leaks, turn on "Debug memory"
  22too.  "Debug detection" will add checks for the detection of cards.
  23
  24Please note that all the ALSA ISA drivers support the Linux isapnp API
  25(if the card supports ISA PnP).  You don't need to configure the cards
  26using isapnptools.
  27
  28
  29Module parameters
  30=================
  31
  32The user can load modules with options. If the module supports more than
  33one card and you have more than one card of the same type then you can
  34specify multiple values for the option separated by commas.
  35
  36
  37Module snd
  38----------
  39
  40The core ALSA module.  It is used by all ALSA card drivers.
  41It takes the following options which have global effects.
  42
  43major
  44    major number for sound driver;
  45    Default: 116
  46cards_limit
  47    limiting card index for auto-loading (1-8);
  48    Default: 1;
  49    For auto-loading more than one card, specify this option
  50    together with snd-card-X aliases.
  51slots
  52    Reserve the slot index for the given driver;
  53    This option takes multiple strings.
  54    See `Module Autoloading Support`_ section for details.
  55debug
  56    Specifies the debug message level;
  57    (0 = disable debug prints, 1 = normal debug messages,
  58    2 = verbose debug messages);
  59    This option appears only when ``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG=y``.
  60    This option can be dynamically changed via sysfs
  61    /sys/modules/snd/parameters/debug file.
  62  
  63Module snd-pcm-oss
  64------------------
  65
  66The PCM OSS emulation module.
  67This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
  68
  69dsp_map
  70    PCM device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
  71    Default: 0
  72adsp_map
  73    PCM device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device;
  74    Default: 1
  75nonblock_open
  76    Don't block opening busy PCM devices;
  77    Default: 1
  78
  79For example, when ``dsp_map=2``, /dev/dsp will be mapped to PCM #2 of
  80the card #0.  Similarly, when ``adsp_map=0``, /dev/adsp will be mapped
  81to PCM #0 of the card #0.
  82For changing the second or later card, specify the option with
  83commas, such like ``dsp_map=0,1``.
  84
  85``nonblock_open`` option is used to change the behavior of the PCM
  86regarding opening the device.  When this option is non-zero,
  87opening a busy OSS PCM device won't be blocked but return
  88immediately with EAGAIN (just like O_NONBLOCK flag).
  89    
  90Module snd-rawmidi
  91------------------
  92
  93This module takes options which change the mapping of devices.
  94similar to those of the snd-pcm-oss module.
  95
  96midi_map
  97    MIDI device number maps assigned to the 1st OSS device;
  98    Default: 0
  99amidi_map
 100    MIDI device number maps assigned to the 2st OSS device;
 101    Default: 1
 102
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 103Common parameters for top sound card modules
 104--------------------------------------------
 105
 106Each of top level sound card module takes the following options.
 107
 108index
 109    index (slot #) of sound card;
 110    Values: 0 through 31 or negative;
 111    If nonnegative, assign that index number;
 112    if negative, interpret as a bitmask of permissible indices;
 113    the first free permitted index is assigned;
 114    Default: -1
 115id
 116    card ID (identifier or name);
 117    Can be up to 15 characters long;
 118    Default: the card type;
 119    A directory by this name is created under /proc/asound/
 120    containing information about the card;
 121    This ID can be used instead of the index number in
 122    identifying the card
 123enable
 124    enable card;
 125    Default: enabled, for PCI and ISA PnP cards
 126
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 127Module snd-adlib
 128----------------
 129
 130Module for AdLib FM cards.
 131
 132port
 133    port # for OPL chip
 134
 135This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe, so
 136the port must be specified. For actual AdLib FM cards it will be 0x388.
 137Note that this card does not have PCM support and no mixer; only FM
 138synthesis.
 139
 140Make sure you have ``sbiload`` from the alsa-tools package available and,
 141after loading the module, find out the assigned ALSA sequencer port
 142number through ``sbiload -l``.
 143
 144Example output:
 145::
 146
 147      Port     Client name                       Port name
 148      64:0     OPL2 FM synth                     OPL2 FM Port
 149
 150Load the ``std.sb`` and ``drums.sb`` patches also supplied by ``sbiload``:
 151::
 152
 153      sbiload -p 64:0 std.sb drums.sb
 154
 155If you use this driver to drive an OPL3, you can use ``std.o3`` and ``drums.o3``
 156instead. To have the card produce sound, use ``aplaymidi`` from alsa-utils:
 157::
 158
 159      aplaymidi -p 64:0 foo.mid
 160
 161Module snd-ad1816a
 162------------------
 163
 164Module for sound cards based on Analog Devices AD1816A/AD1815 ISA chips.
 165
 166clockfreq
 167    Clock frequency for AD1816A chip (default = 0, 33000Hz)
 168    
 169This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
 170    
 171Module snd-ad1848
 172-----------------
 173
 174Module for sound cards based on AD1848/AD1847/CS4248 ISA chips.
 175
 176port
 177    port # for AD1848 chip
 178irq
 179    IRQ # for AD1848  chip
 180dma1
 181    DMA # for AD1848 chip (0,1,3)
 182    
 183This module supports multiple cards.  It does not support autoprobe
 184thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
 185    
 186The power-management is supported.
 187
 188Module snd-ad1889
 189-----------------
 190
 191Module for Analog Devices AD1889 chips.
 192
 193ac97_quirk
 194    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
 195    See the description of intel8x0 module for details.
 196
 197This module supports multiple cards.
 198
 199Module snd-ali5451
 200------------------
 201
 202Module for ALi M5451 PCI chip.
 203
 204pcm_channels
 205    Number of hardware channels assigned for PCM
 206spdif
 207    Support SPDIF I/O;
 208    Default: disabled
 209
 210This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
 211
 212The power-management is supported.
 213
 214Module snd-als100
 215-----------------
 216
 217Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS100/ALS120 ISA chips.
 218
 219This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
 220
 221The power-management is supported.
 222
 223Module snd-als300
 224-----------------
 225
 226Module for Avance Logic ALS300 and ALS300+
 227
 228This module supports multiple cards.
 229
 230The power-management is supported.
 231
 232Module snd-als4000
 233------------------
 234
 235Module for sound cards based on Avance Logic ALS4000 PCI chip.
 236
 237joystick_port
 238    port # for legacy joystick support;
 239    0 = disabled (default), 1 = auto-detect
 240    
 241This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and PnP.
 242
 243The power-management is supported.
 244
 245Module snd-asihpi
 246-----------------
 247
 248Module for AudioScience ASI soundcards
 249
 250enable_hpi_hwdep
 251    enable HPI hwdep for AudioScience soundcard
 252
 253This module supports multiple cards.
 254The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 255
 256Module snd-atiixp
 257-----------------
 258
 259Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250/400 AC97 controllers.
 260
 261ac97_clock
 262    AC'97 clock (default = 48000)
 263ac97_quirk
 264    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
 265    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
 266ac97_codec
 267    Workaround to specify which AC'97 codec instead of probing.
 268    If this works for you file a bug with your `lspci -vn` output.
 269    (-2 = Force probing, -1 = Default behavior, 0-2 = Use the
 270    specified codec.)
 271spdif_aclink
 272    S/PDIF transfer over AC-link (default = 1)
 273
 274This module supports one card and autoprobe.
 275
 276ATI IXP has two different methods to control SPDIF output.  One is
 277over AC-link and another is over the "direct" SPDIF output.  The
 278implementation depends on the motherboard, and you'll need to
 279choose the correct one via spdif_aclink module option.
 280
 281The power-management is supported.
 282
 283Module snd-atiixp-modem
 284-----------------------
 285
 286Module for ATI IXP 150/200/250 AC97 modem controllers.
 287
 288This module supports one card and autoprobe.
 289
 290Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
 291slot is excluded.
 292
 293The power-management is supported.
 294
 295Module snd-au8810, snd-au8820, snd-au8830
 296-----------------------------------------
 297
 298Module for Aureal Vortex, Vortex2 and Advantage device.
 299
 300pcifix
 301    Control PCI workarounds;
 302    0 = Disable all workarounds,
 303    1 = Force the PCI latency of the Aureal card to 0xff,
 304    2 = Force the Extend PCI#2 Internal Master for Efficient
 305    Handling of Dummy Requests on the VIA KT133 AGP Bridge,
 306    3 = Force both settings,
 307    255 = Autodetect what is required (default)
 308
 309This module supports all ADB PCM channels, ac97 mixer, SPDIF, hardware
 310EQ, mpu401, gameport. A3D and wavetable support are still in development.
 311Development and reverse engineering work is being coordinated at
 312http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/openvortex/
 313SPDIF output has a copy of the AC97 codec output, unless you use the
 314``spdif`` pcm device, which allows raw data passthru.
 315The hardware EQ hardware and SPDIF is only present in the Vortex2 and 
 316Advantage.
 317
 318Note: Some ALSA mixer applications don't handle the SPDIF sample rate 
 319control correctly. If you have problems regarding this, try
 320another ALSA compliant mixer (alsamixer works).
 321
 322Module snd-azt1605
 323------------------
 324
 325Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT1605
 326chipset.
 327
 328port
 329    port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
 330wss_port
 331    port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
 332irq
 333    IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
 334dma1
 335    DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
 336dma2
 337    DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
 338mpu_port
 339    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
 340mpu_irq
 341    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (3,5,7,9), -1 = disabled (default)
 342fm_port
 343    port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
 344
 345This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
 346``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
 347The other values are optional.
 348
 349``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
 350or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
 351their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
 352be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
 353
 354If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
 355full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
 356enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
 357
 358Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
 359mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
 360
 361Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
 362legacy ISA in your BIOS.
 363
 364Module snd-azt2316
 365------------------
 366
 367Module for Aztech Sound Galaxy soundcards based on the Aztech AZT2316
 368chipset.
 369
 370port
 371    port # for BASE (0x220,0x240,0x260,0x280)
 372wss_port
 373    port # for WSS (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
 374irq
 375    IRQ # for WSS (7,9,10,11)
 376dma1
 377    DMA # for WSS playback (0,1,3)
 378dma2
 379    DMA # for WSS capture (0,1), -1 = disabled (default)
 380mpu_port
 381    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disabled (default)
 382mpu_irq
 383    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10), -1 = disabled (default)
 384fm_port
 385    port # for OPL3 (0x388), -1 = disabled (default)
 386
 387This module supports multiple cards. It does not support autoprobe:
 388``port``, ``wss_port``, ``irq`` and ``dma1`` have to be specified.
 389The other values are optional.
 390
 391``port`` needs to match the BASE ADDRESS jumper on the card (0x220 or 0x240)
 392or the value stored in the card's EEPROM for cards that have an EEPROM and
 393their "CONFIG MODE" jumper set to "EEPROM SETTING". The other values can
 394be chosen freely from the options enumerated above.
 395
 396If ``dma2`` is specified and different from ``dma1``, the card will operate in
 397full-duplex mode. When ``dma1=3``, only ``dma2=0`` is valid and the only way to
 398enable capture since only channels 0 and 1 are available for capture.
 399
 400Generic settings are ``port=0x220 wss_port=0x530 irq=10 dma1=1 dma2=0
 401mpu_port=0x330 mpu_irq=9 fm_port=0x388``.
 402
 403Whatever IRQ and DMA channels you pick, be sure to reserve them for
 404legacy ISA in your BIOS.
 405
 406Module snd-aw2
 407--------------
 408
 409Module for Audiowerk2 sound card
 410
 411This module supports multiple cards.
 412
 413Module snd-azt2320
 414------------------
 415
 416Module for sound cards based on Aztech System AZT2320 ISA chip (PnP only).
 417
 418This module supports multiple cards, PnP and autoprobe.
 419
 420The power-management is supported.
 421
 422Module snd-azt3328
 423------------------
 424
 425Module for sound cards based on Aztech AZF3328 PCI chip.
 426
 427joystick
 428    Enable joystick (default off)
 429
 430This module supports multiple cards.
 431
 432Module snd-bt87x
 433----------------
 434
 435Module for video cards based on Bt87x chips.
 436
 437digital_rate
 438    Override the default digital rate (Hz)
 439load_all
 440    Load the driver even if the card model isn't known
 441
 442This module supports multiple cards.
 443
 444Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
 445slot is excluded.
 446
 447Module snd-ca0106
 448-----------------
 449
 450Module for Creative Audigy LS and SB Live 24bit
 451
 452This module supports multiple cards.
 453
 454
 455Module snd-cmi8330
 456------------------
 457
 458Module for sound cards based on C-Media CMI8330 ISA chips.
 459
 460isapnp
 461    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
 462
 463with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
 464
 465wssport
 466    port # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
 467wssirq
 468    IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
 469wssdma
 470    first DMA # for CMI8330 chip (WSS)
 471sbport
 472    port # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
 473sbirq
 474    IRQ # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
 475sbdma8
 476    8bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
 477sbdma16
 478    16bit DMA # for CMI8330 chip (SB16)
 479fmport
 480    (optional) OPL3 I/O port
 481mpuport
 482    (optional) MPU401 I/O port
 483mpuirq
 484    (optional) MPU401 irq #
 485
 486This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 487
 488The power-management is supported.
 489
 490Module snd-cmipci
 491-----------------
 492
 493Module for C-Media CMI8338/8738/8768/8770 PCI sound cards.
 494
 495mpu_port
 496    port address of MIDI interface (8338 only):
 497    0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330 = legacy port,
 498    0 = disable (default)
 
 499fm_port
 500    port address of OPL-3 FM synthesizer (8x38 only):
 501    0x388 = legacy port,
 502    1 = integrated PCI port (default on 8738),
 503    0 = disable
 504soft_ac3
 505    Software-conversion of raw SPDIF packets (model 033 only) (default = 1)
 506joystick_port
 507    Joystick port address (0 = disable, 1 = auto-detect)
 508
 509This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
 510
 511The power-management is supported.
 512
 513Module snd-cs4231
 514-----------------
 515
 516Module for sound cards based on CS4231 ISA chips.
 517
 518port
 519    port # for CS4231 chip
 520mpu_port
 521    port # for MPU-401 UART (optional), -1 = disable
 522irq
 523    IRQ # for CS4231 chip
 524mpu_irq
 525    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART
 526dma1
 527    first DMA # for CS4231 chip
 528dma2
 529    second DMA # for CS4231 chip
 530
 531This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
 532thus main port must be specified!!! Other ports are optional.
 533
 534The power-management is supported.
 535
 536Module snd-cs4236
 537-----------------
 538
 539Module for sound cards based on CS4232/CS4232A,
 540CS4235/CS4236/CS4236B/CS4237B/CS4238B/CS4239 ISA chips.
 541
 542isapnp
 543    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
 544
 545with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
 546
 547port
 548    port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x534)
 549cport
 550    control port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x120,0x210,0xf00)
 551mpu_port
 552    port # for MPU-401 UART (PnP setup - 0x300), -1 = disable
 553fm_port
 554    FM port # for CS4236 chip (PnP setup - 0x388), -1 = disable
 555irq
 556    IRQ # for CS4236 chip (5,7,9,11,12,15)
 557mpu_irq
 558    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (9,11,12,15)
 559dma1
 560    first DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3)
 561dma2
 562    second DMA # for CS4236 chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
 563
 564This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
 565(if ISA PnP is not used) thus main port and control port must be
 566specified!!! Other ports are optional.
 567
 568The power-management is supported.
 569
 570This module is aliased as snd-cs4232 since it provides the old
 571snd-cs4232 functionality, too.
 572
 573Module snd-cs4281
 574-----------------
 575
 576Module for Cirrus Logic CS4281 soundchip.
 577
 578dual_codec
 579    Secondary codec ID (0 = disable, default)
 580
 581This module supports multiple cards.
 582
 583The power-management is supported.
 584
 585Module snd-cs46xx
 586-----------------
 587
 588Module for PCI sound cards based on CS4610/CS4612/CS4614/CS4615/CS4622/
 589CS4624/CS4630/CS4280 PCI chips.
 590
 591external_amp
 592    Force to enable external amplifier.
 593thinkpad
 594    Force to enable Thinkpad's CLKRUN control.
 595mmap_valid
 596    Support OSS mmap mode (default = 0).
 597
 598This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 599Usually external amp and CLKRUN controls are detected automatically
 600from PCI sub vendor/device ids.  If they don't work, give the options
 601above explicitly.
 602
 603The power-management is supported.
 604
 605Module snd-cs5530
 606-----------------
 607
 608Module for Cyrix/NatSemi Geode 5530 chip. 
 609
 610Module snd-cs5535audio
 611----------------------
 612
 613Module for multifunction CS5535 companion PCI device
 614
 615The power-management is supported.
 616
 617Module snd-ctxfi
 618----------------
 619
 620Module for Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi boards (20k1 / 20k2 chips)
 621
 622* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Champion Series
 623* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Fatal1ty Professional Series
 624* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium Professional Audio
 625* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Titanium
 626* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Elite Pro
 627* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Platinum
 628* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi Fatal1ty
 629* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeGamer
 630* Creative Sound Blaster X-Fi XtremeMusic
 631	
 632reference_rate
 633    reference sample rate, 44100 or 48000 (default)
 634multiple
 635    multiple to ref. sample rate, 1 or 2 (default)
 636subsystem
 637    override the PCI SSID for probing;
 638    the value consists of SSVID << 16 | SSDID.
 639    The default is zero, which means no override.
 640
 641This module supports multiple cards.
 642
 643Module snd-darla20
 644------------------
 645
 646Module for Echoaudio Darla20
 647
 648This module supports multiple cards.
 649The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 650
 651Module snd-darla24
 652------------------
 653
 654Module for Echoaudio Darla24
 655
 656This module supports multiple cards.
 657The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 658
 659Module snd-dt019x
 660-----------------
 661
 662Module for Diamond Technologies DT-019X / Avance Logic ALS-007 (PnP
 663only)
 664
 665This module supports multiple cards.  This module is enabled only with
 666ISA PnP support.
 667
 668The power-management is supported.
 669
 670Module snd-dummy
 671----------------
 672
 673Module for the dummy sound card. This "card" doesn't do any output
 674or input, but you may use this module for any application which
 675requires a sound card (like RealPlayer).
 676
 677pcm_devs
 678    Number of PCM devices assigned to each card (default = 1, up to 4)
 679pcm_substreams
 680    Number of PCM substreams assigned to each PCM (default = 8, up to 128)
 681hrtimer
 682    Use hrtimer (=1, default) or system timer (=0)
 683fake_buffer
 684    Fake buffer allocations (default = 1)
 685
 686When multiple PCM devices are created, snd-dummy gives different
 687behavior to each PCM device:
 688* 0 = interleaved with mmap support
 689* 1 = non-interleaved with mmap support
 690* 2 = interleaved without mmap 
 691* 3 = non-interleaved without mmap
 692
 693As default, snd-dummy drivers doesn't allocate the real buffers
 694but either ignores read/write or mmap a single dummy page to all
 695buffer pages, in order to save the resources.  If your apps need
 696the read/ written buffer data to be consistent, pass fake_buffer=0
 697option.
 698
 699The power-management is supported.
 700
 701Module snd-echo3g
 702-----------------
 703
 704Module for Echoaudio 3G cards (Gina3G/Layla3G)
 705
 706This module supports multiple cards.
 707The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 708
 709Module snd-emu10k1
 710------------------
 711
 712Module for EMU10K1/EMU10k2 based PCI sound cards.
 713
 714* Sound Blaster Live!
 715* Sound Blaster PCI 512
 716* Emu APS (partially supported)
 717* Sound Blaster Audigy
 718	
 
 
 719extin
 720    bitmap of available external inputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
 721extout
 722    bitmap of available external outputs for FX8010 (see bellow)
 723seq_ports
 724    allocated sequencer ports (4 by default)
 725max_synth_voices
 726    limit of voices used for wavetable (64 by default)
 727max_buffer_size
 728    specifies the maximum size of wavetable/pcm buffers given in MB
 729    unit.  Default value is 128.
 730enable_ir
 731    enable IR
 732
 733This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 734
 735Input & Output configurations 			[extin/extout]
 736* Creative Card wo/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f03]
 737* Creative Card w/Digital out			[0x0003/0x1f0f]
 738* Creative Card w/Digital CD in			[0x000f/0x1f0f]
 739* Creative Card wo/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fc3]
 740* Creative Card w/Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fcf]
 741* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + LiveDrive	[0x3fcf/0x1fcf]
 742* Creative Card wo/Digital out + Digital I/O 2  [0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
 743* Creative Card w/Digital out + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fc3/0x1f0f]
 744* Creative Card w/Digital CD in + Digital I/O 2	[0x0fcf/0x1f0f]
 745* Creative Card 5.1/w Digital out + LiveDrive	[0x3fc3/0x1fff]
 746* Creative Card 5.1 (c) 2003			[0x3fc3/0x7cff]
 747* Creative Card all ins and outs		[0x3fff/0x7fff]
 748  
 749The power-management is supported.
 750  
 751Module snd-emu10k1x
 752-------------------
 753
 754Module for Creative Emu10k1X (SB Live Dell OEM version)
 755
 756This module supports multiple cards.
 757
 758Module snd-ens1370
 759------------------
 760
 761Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1370 PCI sound cards.
 762
 763* SoundBlaster PCI 64
 764* SoundBlaster PCI 128
 765    
 766joystick
 767    Enable joystick (default off)
 768  
 769This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 770
 771The power-management is supported.
 772
 773Module snd-ens1371
 774------------------
 775
 776Module for Ensoniq AudioPCI ES1371 PCI sound cards.
 777
 778* SoundBlaster PCI 64
 779* SoundBlaster PCI 128
 780* SoundBlaster Vibra PCI
 781      
 782joystick_port
 783    port # for joystick (0x200,0x208,0x210,0x218), 0 = disable
 784    (default), 1 = auto-detect
 785  
 786This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 787
 788The power-management is supported.
 789
 790Module snd-es1688
 791-----------------
 792
 793Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-1688 and ES-688 sound cards.
 794
 795isapnp
 796    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
 797mpu_port
 798    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
 799mpu_irq
 800    IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
 801fm_port
 802    port # for OPL3 (option; share the same port as default)
 803
 804with ``isapnp=0``, the following additional options are available:
 805
 806port
 807    port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
 808irq
 809    IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
 810dma8
 811    DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
 812
 813This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port)
 814and PnP with the ES968 chip.
 815
 816Module snd-es18xx
 817-----------------
 818
 819Module for ESS AudioDrive ES-18xx sound cards.
 820
 821isapnp
 822    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
 823
 824with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
 825
 826port
 827    port # for ES-18xx chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
 828mpu_port
 829    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable (default)
 830fm_port
 831    port # for FM (optional, not used)
 832irq
 833    IRQ # for ES-18xx chip (5,7,9,10)
 834dma1
 835    first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
 836dma2
 837    first DMA # for ES-18xx chip (0,1,3)
 838
 839This module supports multiple cards, ISA PnP and autoprobe (without MPU-401
 840port if native ISA PnP routines are not used).
 841When ``dma2`` is equal with ``dma1``, the driver works as half-duplex.
 842
 843The power-management is supported.
 844
 845Module snd-es1938
 846-----------------
 847
 848Module for sound cards based on ESS Solo-1 (ES1938,ES1946) chips.
 849
 850This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 851
 852The power-management is supported.
 853
 854Module snd-es1968
 855-----------------
 856
 857Module for sound cards based on ESS Maestro-1/2/2E (ES1968/ES1978) chips.
 858
 859total_bufsize
 860    total buffer size in kB (1-4096kB)
 861pcm_substreams_p
 862    playback channels (1-8, default=2)
 863pcm_substreams_c
 864    capture channels (1-8, default=0)
 865clock
 866    clock (0 = auto-detection)
 867use_pm
 868    support the power-management (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
 869enable_mpu
 870    enable MPU401 (0 = off, 1 = on, 2 = auto (default))
 871joystick
 872    enable joystick (default off)       
 873
 874This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 875
 876The power-management is supported.
 877
 878Module snd-fm801
 879----------------
 880
 881Module for ForteMedia FM801 based PCI sound cards.
 882
 883tea575x_tuner
 884    Enable TEA575x tuner;
 885    1 = MediaForte 256-PCS,
 886    2 = MediaForte 256-PCPR,
 887    3 = MediaForte 64-PCR
 888    High 16-bits are video (radio) device number + 1;
 889    example: 0x10002 (MediaForte 256-PCPR, device 1)
 890	  
 891This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 892
 893The power-management is supported.
 894
 895Module snd-gina20
 896-----------------
 897
 898Module for Echoaudio Gina20
 899
 900This module supports multiple cards.
 901The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 902
 903Module snd-gina24
 904-----------------
 905
 906Module for Echoaudio Gina24
 907
 908This module supports multiple cards.
 909The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
 910
 911Module snd-gusclassic
 912---------------------
 913
 914Module for Gravis UltraSound Classic sound card.
 915
 916port
 917    port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
 918irq
 919    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
 920dma1
 921    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
 922dma2
 923    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
 924joystick_dac
 925    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
 926voices
 927    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
 928pcm_voices
 929    reserved PCM voices
 930
 931This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 932
 933Module snd-gusextreme
 934---------------------
 935
 936Module for Gravis UltraSound Extreme (Synergy ViperMax) sound card.
 937
 938port
 939    port # for ES-1688 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
 940gf1_port
 941    port # for GF1 chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260,0x270)
 942mpu_port
 943    port # for MPU-401 port (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330), -1 = disable
 944irq
 945    IRQ # for ES-1688 chip (5,7,9,10)
 946gf1_irq
 947    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
 948mpu_irq
 949    IRQ # for MPU-401 port (5,7,9,10)
 950dma8
 951    DMA # for ES-1688 chip (0,1,3)
 952dma1
 953    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
 954joystick_dac
 955    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
 956voices
 957    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
 958pcm_voices
 959    reserved PCM voices
 960
 961This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe (without MPU-401 port).
 962
 963Module snd-gusmax
 964-----------------
 965
 966Module for Gravis UltraSound MAX sound card.
 967
 968port
 969    port # for GF1 chip (0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
 970irq
 971    IRQ # for GF1 chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
 972dma1
 973    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7)
 974dma2
 975    DMA # for GF1 chip (1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
 976joystick_dac
 977    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
 978voices
 979    GF1 voices limit (14-32)
 980pcm_voices
 981    reserved PCM voices
 982
 983This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
 984
 985Module snd-hda-intel
 986--------------------
 987
 988Module for Intel HD Audio (ICH6, ICH6M, ESB2, ICH7, ICH8, ICH9, ICH10,
 989PCH, SCH), ATI SB450, SB600, R600, RS600, RS690, RS780, RV610, RV620,
 990RV630, RV635, RV670, RV770, VIA VT8251/VT8237A, SIS966, ULI M5461
 991
 992[Multiple options for each card instance]
 993
 994model
 995    force the model name
 996position_fix
 997    Fix DMA pointer;
 998    -1 = system default: choose appropriate one per controller hardware,
 999    0 = auto: falls back to LPIB when POSBUF doesn't work,
1000    1 = use LPIB,
1001    2 = POSBUF: use position buffer,
1002    3 = VIACOMBO: VIA-specific workaround for capture,
1003    4 = COMBO: use LPIB for playback, auto for capture stream
1004    5 = SKL+: apply the delay calculation available on recent Intel chips
1005    6 = FIFO: correct the position with the fixed FIFO size, for recent AMD chips
1006probe_mask
1007    Bitmask to probe codecs (default = -1, meaning all slots);
1008    When the bit 8 (0x100) is set, the lower 8 bits are used
1009    as the "fixed" codec slots; i.e. the driver probes the
1010    slots regardless what hardware reports back
1011probe_only
1012    Only probing and no codec initialization (default=off);
1013    Useful to check the initial codec status for debugging
1014bdl_pos_adj
1015    Specifies the DMA IRQ timing delay in samples.
1016    Passing -1 will make the driver to choose the appropriate
1017    value based on the controller chip.
1018patch
1019    Specifies the early "patch" files to modify the HD-audio setup
1020    before initializing the codecs.
1021    This option is available only when ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_PATCH_LOADER=y``
1022    is set.  See hd-audio/notes.rst for details.
1023beep_mode
1024    Selects the beep registration mode (0=off, 1=on);
1025    default value is set via ``CONFIG_SND_HDA_INPUT_BEEP_MODE`` kconfig.
1026
1027[Single (global) options]
1028
1029single_cmd
1030    Use single immediate commands to communicate with codecs
1031    (for debugging only)
1032enable_msi
1033    Enable Message Signaled Interrupt (MSI) (default = off)
1034power_save
1035    Automatic power-saving timeout (in second, 0 = disable)
1036power_save_controller
1037    Reset HD-audio controller in power-saving mode (default = on)
 
 
 
1038align_buffer_size
1039    Force rounding of buffer/period sizes to multiples of 128 bytes.
1040    This is more efficient in terms of memory access but isn't
1041    required by the HDA spec and prevents users from specifying
1042    exact period/buffer sizes. (default = on)
1043snoop
1044    Enable/disable snooping (default = on)
1045
1046This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1047
1048See hd-audio/notes.rst for more details about HD-audio driver.
1049
1050Each codec may have a model table for different configurations.
1051If your machine isn't listed there, the default (usually minimal)
1052configuration is set up.  You can pass ``model=<name>`` option to
1053specify a certain model in such a case.  There are different
1054models depending on the codec chip.  The list of available models
1055is found in hd-audio/models.rst.
1056
1057The model name ``generic`` is treated as a special case.  When this
1058model is given, the driver uses the generic codec parser without
1059"codec-patch".  It's sometimes good for testing and debugging.
1060
 
 
 
 
 
 
1061If the default configuration doesn't work and one of the above
1062matches with your device, report it together with alsa-info.sh
1063output (with ``--no-upload`` option) to kernel bugzilla or alsa-devel
1064ML (see the section `Links and Addresses`_).
1065
1066``power_save`` and ``power_save_controller`` options are for power-saving
1067mode.  See powersave.rst for details.
1068
1069Note 2: If you get click noises on output, try the module option
1070``position_fix=1`` or ``2``.  ``position_fix=1`` will use the SD_LPIB
1071register value without FIFO size correction as the current
1072DMA pointer.  ``position_fix=2`` will make the driver to use
1073the position buffer instead of reading SD_LPIB register.
1074(Usually SD_LPIB register is more accurate than the
1075position buffer.)
1076
1077``position_fix=3`` is specific to VIA devices.  The position
1078of the capture stream is checked from both LPIB and POSBUF
1079values.  ``position_fix=4`` is a combination mode, using LPIB
1080for playback and POSBUF for capture.
1081
1082NB: If you get many ``azx_get_response timeout`` messages at
1083loading, it's likely a problem of interrupts (e.g. ACPI irq
1084routing).  Try to boot with options like ``pci=noacpi``.  Also, you
1085can try ``single_cmd=1`` module option.  This will switch the
1086communication method between HDA controller and codecs to the
1087single immediate commands instead of CORB/RIRB.  Basically, the
1088single command mode is provided only for BIOS, and you won't get
1089unsolicited events, too.  But, at least, this works independently
1090from the irq.  Remember this is a last resort, and should be
1091avoided as much as possible...
1092
1093MORE NOTES ON ``azx_get_response timeout`` PROBLEMS:
1094On some hardware, you may need to add a proper probe_mask option
1095to avoid the ``azx_get_response timeout`` problem above, instead.
1096This occurs when the access to non-existing or non-working codec slot
1097(likely a modem one) causes a stall of the communication via HD-audio
1098bus.  You can see which codec slots are probed by enabling
1099``CONFIG_SND_DEBUG_VERBOSE``, or simply from the file name of the codec
1100proc files.  Then limit the slots to probe by probe_mask option.
1101For example, ``probe_mask=1`` means to probe only the first slot, and
1102``probe_mask=4`` means only the third slot.
1103
1104The power-management is supported.
1105
1106Module snd-hdsp
1107---------------
1108
1109Module for RME Hammerfall DSP audio interface(s)
1110
1111This module supports multiple cards.
1112
1113Note: The firmware data can be automatically loaded via hotplug
1114when ``CONFIG_FW_LOADER`` is set.  Otherwise, you need to load
1115the firmware via hdsploader utility included in alsa-tools
1116package.
1117The firmware data is found in alsa-firmware package.
1118
1119Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1120module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
1121when any HDSP cards are found.  To make the buffer
1122allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1123stage of boot sequence.  See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
1124section.
1125
1126Module snd-hdspm
1127----------------
1128
1129Module for RME HDSP MADI board.
1130
1131precise_ptr
1132    Enable precise pointer, or disable.
1133line_outs_monitor
1134    Send playback streams to analog outs by default.
1135enable_monitor
1136    Enable Analog Out on Channel 63/64 by default.
1137
1138See hdspm.rst for details.
1139
1140Module snd-ice1712
1141------------------
1142
1143Module for Envy24 (ICE1712) based PCI sound cards.
1144
1145* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010
1146* MidiMan M Audio Delta 1010LT
1147* MidiMan M Audio Delta DiO 2496
1148* MidiMan M Audio Delta 66
1149* MidiMan M Audio Delta 44
1150* MidiMan M Audio Delta 410
1151* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 2496
1152* TerraTec EWS 88MT
1153* TerraTec EWS 88D
1154* TerraTec EWX 24/96
1155* TerraTec DMX 6Fire
1156* TerraTec Phase 88
1157* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24
1158* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Value
1159* Hoontech SoundTrack DSP 24 Media 7.1
1160* Event Electronics, EZ8
1161* Digigram VX442
1162* Lionstracs, Mediastaton
1163* Terrasoniq TS 88
1164			
1165model
1166    Use the given board model, one of the following:
1167    delta1010, dio2496, delta66, delta44, audiophile, delta410,
1168    delta1010lt, vx442, ewx2496, ews88mt, ews88mt_new, ews88d,
1169    dmx6fire, dsp24, dsp24_value, dsp24_71, ez8,
1170    phase88, mediastation
1171omni
1172    Omni I/O support for MidiMan M-Audio Delta44/66
1173cs8427_timeout
1174    reset timeout for the CS8427 chip (S/PDIF transceiver) in msec
1175    resolution, default value is 500 (0.5 sec)
1176
1177This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1178Note: The consumer part is not used with all Envy24 based cards (for
1179example in the MidiMan Delta siree).
1180
1181Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1182SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
1183model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
1184driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1185type for testing.
1186
1187Module snd-ice1724
1188------------------
1189
1190Module for Envy24HT (VT/ICE1724), Envy24PT (VT1720) based PCI sound cards.
1191
1192* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 5.1
1193* MidiMan M Audio Revolution 7.1
1194* MidiMan M Audio Audiophile 192
1195* AMP Ltd AUDIO2000
1196* TerraTec Aureon 5.1 Sky
1197* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Space
1198* TerraTec Aureon 7.1 Universe
1199* TerraTec Phase 22
1200* TerraTec Phase 28
1201* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1
1202* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 LT
1203* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 XT
1204* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HIFI
1205* AudioTrak Prodigy 7.1 HD2
1206* AudioTrak Prodigy 192
1207* Pontis MS300
1208* Albatron K8X800 Pro II 
1209* Chaintech ZNF3-150
1210* Chaintech ZNF3-250
1211* Chaintech 9CJS
1212* Chaintech AV-710
1213* Shuttle SN25P
1214* Onkyo SE-90PCI
1215* Onkyo SE-200PCI
1216* ESI Juli@
1217* ESI Maya44
1218* Hercules Fortissimo IV
1219* EGO-SYS WaveTerminal 192M
1220			
1221model
1222    Use the given board model, one of the following:
1223    revo51, revo71, amp2000, prodigy71, prodigy71lt,
1224    prodigy71xt, prodigy71hifi, prodigyhd2, prodigy192,
1225    juli, aureon51, aureon71, universe, ap192, k8x800,
1226    phase22, phase28, ms300, av710, se200pci, se90pci,
1227    fortissimo4, sn25p, WT192M, maya44
1228  
1229This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1230
1231Note: The supported board is detected by reading EEPROM or PCI
1232SSID (if EEPROM isn't available).  You can override the
1233model by passing ``model`` module option in case that the
1234driver isn't configured properly or you want to try another
1235type for testing.
1236
1237Module snd-indigo
1238-----------------
1239
1240Module for Echoaudio Indigo
1241
1242This module supports multiple cards.
1243The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1244
1245Module snd-indigodj
1246-------------------
1247
1248Module for Echoaudio Indigo DJ
1249
1250This module supports multiple cards.
1251The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1252
1253Module snd-indigoio
1254-------------------
1255
1256Module for Echoaudio Indigo IO
1257
1258This module supports multiple cards.
1259The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1260
1261Module snd-intel8x0
1262-------------------
1263
1264Module for AC'97 motherboards from Intel and compatibles.
1265
1266* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7,
1267  6300ESB, ESB2 
1268* SiS 7012 (SiS 735)
1269* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce3, MCP04, CK804 CK8, CK8S, MCP501
1270* AMD AMD768, AMD8111
1271* ALi m5455
1272	  
1273ac97_clock
1274    AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1275ac97_quirk
1276    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
1277    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
1278buggy_irq
1279    Enable workaround for buggy interrupts on some motherboards
1280    (default yes on nForce chips, otherwise off)
1281buggy_semaphore
1282    Enable workaround for hardware with buggy semaphores (e.g. on some
1283    ASUS laptops) (default off)
1284spdif_aclink
1285    Use S/PDIF over AC-link instead of direct connection from the
1286    controller chip (0 = off, 1 = on, -1 = default)
1287
1288This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1289
1290Note: the latest driver supports auto-detection of chip clock.
1291if you still encounter too fast playback, specify the clock
1292explicitly via the module option ``ac97_clock=41194``.
1293
1294Joystick/MIDI ports are not supported by this driver.  If your
1295motherboard has these devices, use the ns558 or snd-mpu401
1296modules, respectively.
1297
1298The power-management is supported.
1299
1300Module snd-intel8x0m
1301--------------------
1302
1303Module for Intel ICH (i8x0) chipset MC97 modems.
1304
1305* Intel i810/810E, i815, i820, i830, i84x, MX440 ICH5, ICH6, ICH7
1306* SiS 7013 (SiS 735)
1307* NVidia NForce, NForce2, NForce2s, NForce3
1308* AMD AMD8111
1309* ALi m5455
1310	  
1311ac97_clock
1312    AC'97 codec clock base (0 = auto-detect)
1313  
1314This module supports one card and autoprobe.
1315
1316Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
1317slot is excluded.
1318
1319The power-management is supported.
1320
1321Module snd-interwave
1322--------------------
1323
1324Module for Gravis UltraSound PnP, Dynasonic 3-D/Pro, STB Sound Rage 32
1325and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip.
1326
1327joystick_dac
1328    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1329midi
1330    1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1331pcm_voices
1332    reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1333effect
1334    1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
1335isapnp
1336    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1337
1338with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1339
1340port
1341    port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1342irq
1343    IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1344dma1
1345    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1346dma2
1347    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1348
1349This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1350
1351Module snd-interwave-stb
1352------------------------
1353
1354Module for UltraSound 32-Pro (sound card from STB used by Compaq)
1355and other sound cards based on AMD InterWave (tm) chip with TEA6330T
1356circuit for extended control of bass, treble and master volume.
1357
1358joystick_dac
1359    0 to 31, (0.59V-4.52V or 0.389V-2.98V)
1360midi
1361    1 = MIDI UART enable, 0 = MIDI UART disable (default)
1362pcm_voices
1363    reserved PCM voices for the synthesizer (default 2)
1364effect
1365    1 = InterWave effects enable (default 0); requires 8 voices
1366isapnp
1367    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1368
1369with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1370
1371port
1372    port # for InterWave chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1373port_tc
1374    tone control (i2c bus) port # for TEA6330T chip (0x350,0x360,0x370,0x380)
1375irq
1376    IRQ # for InterWave chip (3,5,9,11,12,15)
1377dma1
1378    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7)
1379dma2
1380    DMA # for InterWave chip (0,1,3,5,6,7,-1=disable)
1381
1382This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1383
1384Module snd-jazz16
1385-------------------
1386
1387Module for Media Vision Jazz16 chipset. The chipset consists of 3 chips:
1388MVD1216 + MVA416 + MVA514.
1389
1390port
1391    port # for SB DSP chip (0x210,0x220,0x230,0x240,0x250,0x260)
1392irq
1393    IRQ # for SB DSP chip (3,5,7,9,10,15)
1394dma8
1395    DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1396dma16
1397    DMA # for SB DSP chip (5,7)
1398mpu_port
1399    MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1400mpu_irq
1401    MPU-401 irq # (2,3,5,7)
1402
1403This module supports multiple cards.
1404
1405Module snd-korg1212
1406-------------------
1407
1408Module for Korg 1212 IO PCI card
1409
1410This module supports multiple cards.
1411
1412Module snd-layla20
1413------------------
1414
1415Module for Echoaudio Layla20
1416
1417This module supports multiple cards.
1418The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1419
1420Module snd-layla24
1421------------------
1422
1423Module for Echoaudio Layla24
1424
1425This module supports multiple cards.
1426The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1427
1428Module snd-lola
1429---------------
1430
1431Module for Digigram Lola PCI-e boards
1432
1433This module supports multiple cards.
1434
1435Module snd-lx6464es
1436-------------------
1437
1438Module for Digigram LX6464ES boards
1439
1440This module supports multiple cards.
1441
1442Module snd-maestro3
1443-------------------
1444
1445Module for Allegro/Maestro3 chips
1446
1447external_amp
1448    enable external amp (enabled by default)
1449amp_gpio
1450    GPIO pin number for external amp (0-15) or -1 for default pin (8
1451    for allegro, 1 for others) 
1452
1453This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
1454
1455Note: the binding of amplifier is dependent on hardware.
1456If there is no sound even though all channels are unmuted, try to
1457specify other gpio connection via amp_gpio option. 
1458For example, a Panasonic notebook might need ``amp_gpio=0x0d``
1459option.
1460
1461The power-management is supported.
1462
1463Module snd-mia
1464---------------
1465
1466Module for Echoaudio Mia
1467
1468This module supports multiple cards.
1469The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1470
1471Module snd-miro
1472---------------
1473
1474Module for Miro soundcards: miroSOUND PCM 1 pro, miroSOUND PCM 12,
1475miroSOUND PCM 20 Radio.
1476
1477port
1478    Port # (0x530,0x604,0xe80,0xf40)
1479irq
1480    IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1481dma1
1482    1st dma # (0,1,3)
1483dma2
1484    2nd dma # (0,1)
1485mpu_port
1486    MPU-401 port # (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1487mpu_irq
1488    MPU-401 irq # (5,7,9,10)
1489fm_port
1490    FM Port # (0x388)
1491wss
1492    enable WSS mode
1493ide
1494    enable onboard ide support
1495
1496Module snd-mixart
1497-----------------
1498
1499Module for Digigram miXart8 sound cards.
1500
1501This module supports multiple cards.
1502Note: One miXart8 board will be represented as 4 alsa cards.
1503See MIXART.txt for details.
1504
1505When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
1506is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
1507Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
1508When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
1509firmware via mixartloader utility in alsa-tools package.
1510
1511Module snd-mona
1512---------------
1513
1514Module for Echoaudio Mona
1515
1516This module supports multiple cards.
1517The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1518
1519Module snd-mpu401
1520-----------------
1521
1522Module for MPU-401 UART devices.
1523
1524port
1525    port number or -1 (disable)
1526irq
1527    IRQ number or -1 (disable)
1528pnp
1529    PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1530
1531This module supports multiple devices and PnP.
1532
1533Module snd-msnd-classic
1534-----------------------
1535
1536Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Classic, Tahiti or Monterey
1537soundcards.
1538
1539io
1540    Port # for msnd-classic card
1541irq
1542    IRQ # for msnd-classic card
1543mem
1544    Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1545write_ndelay
1546    enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1547calibrate_signal
1548    calibrate signal (default = 0)
1549isapnp
1550    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1551digital
1552    Digital daughterboard present (default = 0)
1553cfg
1554    Config port (0x250, 0x260 or 0x270) default = PnP
1555reset
1556    Reset all devices
1557mpu_io
1558    MPU401 I/O port
1559mpu_irq
1560    MPU401 irq#
1561ide_io0
1562    IDE port #0
1563ide_io1
1564    IDE port #1
1565ide_irq
1566    IDE irq#
1567joystick_io
1568    Joystick I/O port
1569
1570The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/msndinit.bin`` and
1571``turtlebeach/msndperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
1572
1573See Documentation/sound/cards/multisound.sh for important information
1574about this driver.  Note that it has been discontinued, but the 
1575Voyetra Turtle Beach knowledge base entry for it is still available
1576at
1577http://www.turtlebeach.com
1578
1579Module snd-msnd-pinnacle
1580------------------------
1581
1582Module for Turtle Beach MultiSound Pinnacle/Fiji soundcards.
1583
1584io
1585    Port # for pinnacle/fiji card
1586irq
1587    IRQ # for pinnalce/fiji card
1588mem
1589    Memory address (0xb0000, 0xc8000, 0xd0000, 0xd8000, 0xe0000 or 0xe8000)
1590write_ndelay
1591    enable write ndelay (default = 1)
1592calibrate_signal
1593    calibrate signal (default = 0)
1594isapnp
1595    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1596
1597The driver requires firmware files ``turtlebeach/pndspini.bin`` and
1598``turtlebeach/pndsperm.bin`` in the proper firmware directory.
1599
1600Module snd-mtpav
1601----------------
1602
1603Module for MOTU MidiTimePiece AV multiport MIDI (on the parallel
1604port).
1605
1606port
1607    I/O port # for MTPAV (0x378,0x278, default=0x378)
1608irq
1609    IRQ # for MTPAV (7,5, default=7)
1610hwports
1611    number of supported hardware ports, default=8.
1612
1613Module supports only 1 card.  This module has no enable option.
1614
1615Module snd-mts64
1616----------------
1617
1618Module for Ego Systems (ESI) Miditerminal 4140
1619
1620This module supports multiple devices.
1621Requires parport (``CONFIG_PARPORT``).
1622
1623Module snd-nm256
1624----------------
1625
1626Module for NeoMagic NM256AV/ZX chips
1627
1628playback_bufsize
1629    max playback frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1630capture_bufsize
1631    max capture frame size in kB (4-128kB)
1632force_ac97
1633    0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1634buffer_top
1635    specify buffer top address
1636use_cache
1637    0 or 1 (disabled by default)
1638vaio_hack
1639    alias buffer_top=0x25a800
1640reset_workaround
1641    enable AC97 RESET workaround for some laptops
1642reset_workaround2
1643    enable extended AC97 RESET workaround for some other laptops
1644
1645This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
1646
1647The power-management is supported.
1648
1649Note: on some notebooks the buffer address cannot be detected
1650automatically, or causes hang-up during initialization.
1651In such a case, specify the buffer top address explicitly via
1652the buffer_top option.
1653For example,
1654Sony F250: buffer_top=0x25a800
1655Sony F270: buffer_top=0x272800
1656The driver supports only ac97 codec.  It's possible to force
1657to initialize/use ac97 although it's not detected.  In such a
1658case, use ``force_ac97=1`` option - but *NO* guarantee whether it
1659works!
1660
1661Note: The NM256 chip can be linked internally with non-AC97
1662codecs.  This driver supports only the AC97 codec, and won't work
1663with machines with other (most likely CS423x or OPL3SAx) chips,
1664even though the device is detected in lspci.  In such a case, try
1665other drivers, e.g. snd-cs4232 or snd-opl3sa2.  Some has ISA-PnP
1666but some doesn't have ISA PnP.  You'll need to specify ``isapnp=0``
1667and proper hardware parameters in the case without ISA PnP.
1668
1669Note: some laptops need a workaround for AC97 RESET.  For the
1670known hardware like Dell Latitude LS and Sony PCG-F305, this
1671workaround is enabled automatically.  For other laptops with a
1672hard freeze, you can try ``reset_workaround=1`` option.
1673
1674Note: Dell Latitude CSx laptops have another problem regarding
1675AC97 RESET.  On these laptops, reset_workaround2 option is
1676turned on as default.  This option is worth to try if the
1677previous reset_workaround option doesn't help.
1678
1679Note: This driver is really crappy.  It's a porting from the
1680OSS driver, which is a result of black-magic reverse engineering.
1681The detection of codec will fail if the driver is loaded *after*
1682X-server as described above.  You might be able to force to load
1683the module, but it may result in hang-up.   Hence, make sure that
1684you load this module *before* X if you encounter this kind of
1685problem.
1686
1687Module snd-opl3sa2
1688------------------
1689
1690Module for Yamaha OPL3-SA2/SA3 sound cards.
1691
1692isapnp
1693    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1694
1695with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1696
1697port
1698    control port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x370)
1699sb_port
1700    SB port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x220,0x240)
1701wss_port
1702    WSS port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1703midi_port
1704    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1705fm_port
1706    FM port # for OPL3-SA chip (0x388), -1 = disable
1707irq
1708    IRQ # for OPL3-SA chip (5,7,9,10)
1709dma1
1710    first DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3)
1711dma2
1712    second DMA # for Yamaha OPL3-SA chip (0,1,3), -1 = disable
1713
1714This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.  It does not support
1715autoprobe (if ISA PnP is not used) thus all ports must be specified!!!
1716
1717The power-management is supported.
1718
1719Module snd-opti92x-ad1848
1720-------------------------
1721
1722Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Analog Devices AD1848 chips.
1723Module works with OAK Mozart cards as well.
1724
1725isapnp
1726    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1727
1728with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1729
1730port
1731    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1732mpu_port
1733    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1734fm_port
1735    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1736irq
1737    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1738mpu_irq
1739    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1740dma1
1741    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1742
1743This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1744
1745Module snd-opti92x-cs4231
1746-------------------------
1747
1748Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c92x and Crystal CS4231 chips.
1749
1750isapnp
1751    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1752
1753with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1754
1755port
1756    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1757mpu_port
1758    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1759fm_port
1760    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1761irq
1762    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1763mpu_irq
1764    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1765dma1
1766    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1767dma2
1768    second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1769
1770This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1771
1772Module snd-opti93x
1773------------------
1774
1775Module for sound cards based on OPTi 82c93x chips.
1776
1777isapnp
1778    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1779
1780with ``isapnp=0``, the following options are available:
1781
1782port
1783    port # for WSS chip (0x530,0xe80,0xf40,0x604)
1784mpu_port
1785    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330)
1786fm_port
1787    port # for OPL3 device (0x388)
1788irq
1789    IRQ # for WSS chip (5,7,9,10,11)
1790mpu_irq
1791    IRQ # for MPU-401 UART (5,7,9,10)
1792dma1
1793    first DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1794dma2
1795    second DMA # for WSS chip (0,1,3)
1796
1797This module supports only one card, autoprobe and PnP.
1798
1799Module snd-oxygen
1800-----------------
1801
1802Module for sound cards based on the C-Media CMI8786/8787/8788 chip:
1803
1804* Asound A-8788
1805* Asus Xonar DG/DGX
1806* AuzenTech X-Meridian
1807* AuzenTech X-Meridian 2G
1808* Bgears b-Enspirer
1809* Club3D Theatron DTS
1810* HT-Omega Claro (plus)
1811* HT-Omega Claro halo (XT)
1812* Kuroutoshikou CMI8787-HG2PCI
1813* Razer Barracuda AC-1
1814* Sondigo Inferno
1815* TempoTec HiFier Fantasia
1816* TempoTec HiFier Serenade
1817    
1818This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
1819  
1820Module snd-pcsp
1821---------------
1822
1823Module for internal PC-Speaker.
1824
1825nopcm
1826    Disable PC-Speaker PCM sound. Only beeps remain.
1827nforce_wa
1828    enable NForce chipset workaround. Expect bad sound.
1829
1830This module supports system beeps, some kind of PCM playback and
1831even a few mixer controls.
1832
1833Module snd-pcxhr
1834----------------
1835
1836Module for Digigram PCXHR boards
1837
1838This module supports multiple cards.
1839
1840Module snd-portman2x4
1841---------------------
1842
1843Module for Midiman Portman 2x4 parallel port MIDI interface
1844
1845This module supports multiple cards.
1846
1847Module snd-powermac (on ppc only)
1848---------------------------------
1849
1850Module for PowerMac, iMac and iBook on-board soundchips
1851
1852enable_beep
1853    enable beep using PCM (enabled as default)
1854
1855Module supports autoprobe a chip.
1856
1857Note: the driver may have problems regarding endianness.
1858
1859The power-management is supported.
1860
1861Module snd-pxa2xx-ac97 (on arm only)
1862------------------------------------
1863
1864Module for AC97 driver for the Intel PXA2xx chip
1865
1866For ARM architecture only.
1867
1868The power-management is supported.
1869
1870Module snd-riptide
1871------------------
1872
1873Module for Conexant Riptide chip
1874
1875joystick_port
1876    Joystick port # (default: 0x200)
1877mpu_port
1878    MPU401 port # (default: 0x330)
1879opl3_port
1880    OPL3 port # (default: 0x388)
1881
1882This module supports multiple cards.
1883The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
1884You need to install the firmware file ``riptide.hex`` to the standard
1885firmware path (e.g. /lib/firmware).
1886
1887Module snd-rme32
1888----------------
1889
1890Module for RME Digi32, Digi32 Pro and Digi32/8 (Sek'd Prodif32, 
1891Prodif96 and Prodif Gold) sound cards.
1892
1893This module supports multiple cards.
1894
1895Module snd-rme96
1896----------------
1897
1898Module for RME Digi96, Digi96/8 and Digi96/8 PRO/PAD/PST sound cards.
1899
1900This module supports multiple cards.
1901
1902Module snd-rme9652
1903------------------
1904
1905Module for RME Digi9652 (Hammerfall, Hammerfall-Light) sound cards.
1906
1907precise_ptr
1908    Enable precise pointer (doesn't work reliably). (default = 0)
1909
1910This module supports multiple cards.
1911
1912Note: snd-page-alloc module does the job which snd-hammerfall-mem
1913module did formerly.  It will allocate the buffers in advance
1914when any RME9652 cards are found.  To make the buffer
1915allocation sure, load snd-page-alloc module in the early
1916stage of boot sequence.  See `Early Buffer Allocation`_
1917section.
1918
1919Module snd-sa11xx-uda1341 (on arm only)
1920---------------------------------------
1921
1922Module for Philips UDA1341TS on Compaq iPAQ H3600 sound card.
1923
1924Module supports only one card.
1925Module has no enable and index options.
1926
1927The power-management is supported.
1928
1929Module snd-sb8
1930--------------
1931
1932Module for 8-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 1.0, SoundBlaster 2.0,
1933SoundBlaster Pro
1934
1935port
1936    port # for SB DSP chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1937irq
1938    IRQ # for SB DSP chip (5,7,9,10)
1939dma8
1940    DMA # for SB DSP chip (1,3)
1941
1942This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
1943
1944The power-management is supported.
1945
1946Module snd-sb16 and snd-sbawe
1947-----------------------------
1948
1949Module for 16-bit SoundBlaster cards: SoundBlaster 16 (PnP),
1950SoundBlaster AWE 32 (PnP), SoundBlaster AWE 64 PnP
1951
1952mic_agc
1953    Mic Auto-Gain-Control - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1954csp
1955    ASP/CSP chip support - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
1956isapnp
1957    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
1958
1959with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
1960
1961port
1962    port # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0x220,0x240,0x260)
1963mpu_port
1964    port # for MPU-401 UART (0x300,0x330), -1 = disable
1965awe_port
1966    base port # for EMU8000 synthesizer (0x620,0x640,0x660) (snd-sbawe
1967    module only)
1968irq
1969    IRQ # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,7,9,10)
1970dma8
1971    8-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (0,1,3)
1972dma16
1973    16-bit DMA # for SB DSP 4.x chip (5,6,7)
1974
1975This module supports multiple cards, autoprobe and ISA PnP.
1976
1977Note: To use Vibra16X cards in 16-bit half duplex mode, you must
1978disable 16bit DMA with dma16 = -1 module parameter.
1979Also, all Sound Blaster 16 type cards can operate in 16-bit
1980half duplex mode through 8-bit DMA channel by disabling their
198116-bit DMA channel.
1982
1983The power-management is supported.
1984
1985Module snd-sc6000
1986-----------------
1987
1988Module for Gallant SC-6000 soundcard and later models: SC-6600 and
1989SC-7000.
1990
1991port
1992    Port # (0x220 or 0x240)
1993mss_port
1994    MSS Port # (0x530 or 0xe80)
1995irq
1996    IRQ # (5,7,9,10,11)
1997mpu_irq
1998    MPU-401 IRQ # (5,7,9,10) ,0 - no MPU-401 irq
1999dma
2000    DMA # (1,3,0)
2001joystick
2002    Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
2003
2004This module supports multiple cards.
2005
2006This card is also known as Audio Excel DSP 16 or Zoltrix AV302.
2007
2008Module snd-sscape
2009-----------------
2010
2011Module for ENSONIQ SoundScape cards.
2012
2013port
2014    Port # (PnP setup)
2015wss_port
2016    WSS Port # (PnP setup)
2017irq
2018    IRQ # (PnP setup)
2019mpu_irq
2020    MPU-401 IRQ # (PnP setup)
2021dma
2022    DMA # (PnP setup)
2023dma2
2024    2nd DMA # (PnP setup, -1 to disable)
2025joystick
2026    Enable gameport - 0 = disable (default), 1 = enable
2027
2028This module supports multiple cards.
2029
2030The driver requires the firmware loader support on kernel.
2031
2032Module snd-sun-amd7930 (on sparc only)
2033--------------------------------------
2034
2035Module for AMD7930 sound chips found on Sparcs.
2036
2037This module supports multiple cards.
2038
2039Module snd-sun-cs4231 (on sparc only)
2040-------------------------------------
2041
2042Module for CS4231 sound chips found on Sparcs.
2043
2044This module supports multiple cards.
2045
2046Module snd-sun-dbri (on sparc only)
2047-----------------------------------
2048
2049Module for DBRI sound chips found on Sparcs.
2050
2051This module supports multiple cards.
2052
2053Module snd-wavefront
2054--------------------
2055
2056Module for Turtle Beach Maui, Tropez and Tropez+ sound cards.
2057
2058use_cs4232_midi
2059    Use CS4232 MPU-401 interface
2060    (inaccessibly located inside your computer)
2061isapnp
2062    ISA PnP detection - 0 = disable, 1 = enable (default)
2063
2064with isapnp=0, the following options are available:
2065
2066cs4232_pcm_port
2067    Port # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2068cs4232_pcm_irq
2069    IRQ # for CS4232 PCM interface (5,7,9,11,12,15).
2070cs4232_mpu_port
2071    Port # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface.
2072cs4232_mpu_irq
2073    IRQ # for CS4232 MPU-401 interface (9,11,12,15).
2074ics2115_port
2075    Port # for ICS2115
2076ics2115_irq
2077    IRQ # for ICS2115
2078fm_port
2079    FM OPL-3 Port #
2080dma1
2081    DMA1 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2082dma2
2083    DMA2 # for CS4232 PCM interface.
2084
2085The below are options for wavefront_synth features:
2086
2087wf_raw
2088    Assume that we need to boot the OS (default:no);
2089    If yes, then during driver loading, the state of the board is
2090    ignored, and we reset the board and load the firmware anyway.
2091fx_raw
2092    Assume that the FX process needs help (default:yes);
2093    If false, we'll leave the FX processor in whatever state it is
2094    when the driver is loaded.  The default is to download the
2095    microprogram and associated coefficients to set it up for
2096    "default" operation, whatever that means.
2097debug_default
2098    Debug parameters for card initialization
2099wait_usecs
2100    How long to wait without sleeping, usecs (default:150);
2101    This magic number seems to give pretty optimal throughput
2102    based on my limited experimentation. 
2103    If you want to play around with it and find a better value, be
2104    my guest. Remember, the idea is to get a number that causes us
2105    to just busy wait for as many WaveFront commands as possible,
2106    without coming up with a number so large that we hog the whole
2107    CPU. 
2108    Specifically, with this number, out of about 134,000 status
2109    waits, only about 250 result in a sleep. 
2110sleep_interval
2111    How long to sleep when waiting for reply (default: 100)
2112sleep_tries
2113    How many times to try sleeping during a wait (default: 50)
2114ospath
2115    Pathname to processed ICS2115 OS firmware (default:wavefront.os);
2116    The path name of the ISC2115 OS firmware.  In the recent
2117    version, it's handled via firmware loader framework, so it
2118    must be installed in the proper path, typically,
2119    /lib/firmware.
2120reset_time
2121    How long to wait for a reset to take effect (default:2)
2122ramcheck_time
2123    How many seconds to wait for the RAM test (default:20)
2124osrun_time
2125    How many seconds to wait for the ICS2115 OS (default:10)
2126
2127This module supports multiple cards and ISA PnP.
2128
2129Note: the firmware file ``wavefront.os`` was located in the earlier
2130version in /etc.  Now it's loaded via firmware loader, and
2131must be in the proper firmware path, such as /lib/firmware.
2132Copy (or symlink) the file appropriately if you get an error
2133regarding firmware downloading after upgrading the kernel.
2134
2135Module snd-sonicvibes
2136---------------------
2137
2138Module for S3 SonicVibes PCI sound cards.
2139* PINE Schubert 32 PCI
2140  
2141reverb
2142    Reverb Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default);
2143    SoundCard must have onboard SRAM for this.
2144mge
2145    Mic Gain Enable - 1 = enable, 0 = disable (default)
2146
2147This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
2148
2149Module snd-serial-u16550
2150------------------------
2151
2152Module for UART16550A serial MIDI ports.
2153
2154port
2155    port # for UART16550A chip
2156irq
2157    IRQ # for UART16550A chip, -1 = poll mode
2158speed
2159    speed in bauds (9600,19200,38400,57600,115200)
2160    38400 = default
2161base
2162    base for divisor in bauds (57600,115200,230400,460800)
2163    115200 = default
2164outs
2165    number of MIDI ports in a serial port (1-4)
2166    1 = default
2167adaptor
2168    Type of adaptor.
2169	0 = Soundcanvas, 1 = MS-124T, 2 = MS-124W S/A,
2170	3 = MS-124W M/B, 4 = Generic
2171
2172This module supports multiple cards. This module does not support autoprobe
2173thus the main port must be specified!!! Other options are optional.
2174
2175Module snd-trident
2176------------------
2177
2178Module for Trident 4DWave DX/NX sound cards.
2179* Best Union  Miss Melody 4DWave PCI
2180* HIS  4DWave PCI
2181* Warpspeed  ONSpeed 4DWave PCI
2182* AzTech  PCI 64-Q3D
2183* Addonics  SV 750
2184* CHIC  True Sound 4Dwave
2185* Shark  Predator4D-PCI
2186* Jaton  SonicWave 4D
2187* SiS SI7018 PCI Audio
2188* Hoontech SoundTrack Digital 4DWave NX
2189		    
2190pcm_channels
2191    max channels (voices) reserved for PCM
2192wavetable_size
2193    max wavetable size in kB (4-?kb)
2194
2195This module supports multiple cards and autoprobe.
2196
2197The power-management is supported.
2198
2199Module snd-ua101
2200----------------
2201
2202Module for the Edirol UA-101/UA-1000 audio/MIDI interfaces.
2203
2204This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2205
2206Module snd-usb-audio
2207--------------------
2208
2209Module for USB audio and USB MIDI devices.
2210
2211vid
2212    Vendor ID for the device (optional)
2213pid
2214    Product ID for the device (optional)
2215nrpacks
2216    Max. number of packets per URB (default: 8)
2217device_setup
2218    Device specific magic number (optional);
2219    Influence depends on the device
2220    Default: 0x0000 
2221ignore_ctl_error
2222    Ignore any USB-controller regarding mixer interface (default: no)
2223autoclock
2224    Enable auto-clock selection for UAC2 devices (default: yes)
2225quirk_alias
2226    Quirk alias list, pass strings like ``0123abcd:5678beef``, which
2227    applies the existing quirk for the device 5678:beef to a new
2228    device 0123:abcd.
 
 
 
 
 
2229use_vmalloc
2230    Use vmalloc() for allocations of the PCM buffers (default: yes).
2231    For architectures with non-coherent memory like ARM or MIPS, the
2232    mmap access may give inconsistent results with vmalloc'ed
2233    buffers.  If mmap is used on such architectures, turn off this
2234    option, so that the DMA-coherent buffers are allocated and used
2235    instead.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2236
2237This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2238
2239NB: ``nrpacks`` parameter can be modified dynamically via sysfs.
2240Don't put the value over 20.  Changing via sysfs has no sanity
2241check.
2242
2243NB: ``ignore_ctl_error=1`` may help when you get an error at accessing
2244the mixer element such as URB error -22.  This happens on some
2245buggy USB device or the controller.
 
2246
2247NB: quirk_alias option is provided only for testing / development.
2248If you want to have a proper support, contact to upstream for
2249adding the matching quirk in the driver code statically.
 
 
2250
2251Module snd-usb-caiaq
2252--------------------
2253
2254Module for caiaq UB audio interfaces,
2255
2256* Native Instruments RigKontrol2
2257* Native Instruments Kore Controller
2258* Native Instruments Audio Kontrol 1
2259* Native Instruments Audio 8 DJ
2260	
2261This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2262  
2263Module snd-usb-usx2y
2264--------------------
2265
2266Module for Tascam USB US-122, US-224 and US-428 devices.
2267
2268This module supports multiple devices, autoprobe and hotplugging.
2269
2270Note: you need to load the firmware via ``usx2yloader`` utility included
2271in alsa-tools and alsa-firmware packages.
2272
2273Module snd-via82xx
2274------------------
2275
2276Module for AC'97 motherboards based on VIA 82C686A/686B, 8233, 8233A,
22778233C, 8235, 8237 (south) bridge.
2278
2279mpu_port
2280    0x300,0x310,0x320,0x330, otherwise obtain BIOS setup
2281    [VIA686A/686B only]
2282joystick
2283    Enable joystick (default off) [VIA686A/686B only]
2284ac97_clock
2285    AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2286dxs_support
2287    support DXS channels, 0 = auto (default), 1 = enable, 2 = disable,
2288    3 = 48k only, 4 = no VRA, 5 = enable any sample rate and different
2289    sample rates on different channels [VIA8233/C, 8235, 8237 only]
2290ac97_quirk
2291    AC'97 workaround for strange hardware;
2292    See `AC97 Quirk Option`_ section below.
2293
2294This module supports one chip and autoprobe.
2295
2296Note: on some SMP motherboards like MSI 694D the interrupts might
2297not be generated properly.  In such a case, please try to
2298set the SMP (or MPS) version on BIOS to 1.1 instead of
2299default value 1.4.  Then the interrupt number will be
2300assigned under 15. You might also upgrade your BIOS.
2301
2302Note: VIA8233/5/7 (not VIA8233A) can support DXS (direct sound)
2303channels as the first PCM.  On these channels, up to 4
2304streams can be played at the same time, and the controller
2305can perform sample rate conversion with separate rates for
2306each channel.
2307As default (``dxs_support = 0``), 48k fixed rate is chosen
2308except for the known devices since the output is often
2309noisy except for 48k on some mother boards due to the
2310bug of BIOS.
2311Please try once ``dxs_support=5`` and if it works on other
2312sample rates (e.g. 44.1kHz of mp3 playback), please let us
2313know the PCI subsystem vendor/device id's (output of
2314``lspci -nv``).
2315If ``dxs_support=5`` does not work, try ``dxs_support=4``; if it
2316doesn't work too, try dxs_support=1.  (dxs_support=1 is
2317usually for old motherboards.  The correct implemented
2318board should work with 4 or 5.)  If it still doesn't
2319work and the default setting is ok, ``dxs_support=3`` is the
2320right choice.  If the default setting doesn't work at all,
2321try ``dxs_support=2`` to disable the DXS channels.
2322In any cases, please let us know the result and the
2323subsystem vendor/device ids.  See `Links and Addresses`_
2324below.
2325
2326Note: for the MPU401 on VIA823x, use snd-mpu401 driver
2327additionally.  The mpu_port option is for VIA686 chips only.
2328
2329The power-management is supported.
2330
2331Module snd-via82xx-modem
2332------------------------
2333
2334Module for VIA82xx AC97 modem
2335
2336ac97_clock
2337    AC'97 codec clock base (default 48000Hz)
2338
2339This module supports one card and autoprobe.
2340
2341Note: The default index value of this module is -2, i.e. the first
2342slot is excluded.
2343
2344The power-management is supported.
2345
2346Module snd-virmidi
2347------------------
2348
2349Module for virtual rawmidi devices.
2350This module creates virtual rawmidi devices which communicate
2351to the corresponding ALSA sequencer ports.
2352
2353midi_devs
2354    MIDI devices # (1-4, default=4)
2355
2356This module supports multiple cards.
2357
2358Module snd-virtuoso
2359-------------------
2360
2361Module for sound cards based on the Asus AV66/AV100/AV200 chips,
2362i.e., Xonar D1, DX, D2, D2X, DS, DSX, Essence ST (Deluxe),
2363Essence STX (II), HDAV1.3 (Deluxe), and HDAV1.3 Slim.
2364
2365This module supports autoprobe and multiple cards.
2366
2367Module snd-vx222
2368----------------
2369
2370Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX222, V222 v2 and Mic cards.
2371
2372mic
2373    Enable Microphone on V222 Mic (NYI)
2374ibl
2375    Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2376
2377This module supports multiple cards.
2378
2379When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2380is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2381Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2382When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2383firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.  To invoke
2384vxloader automatically, add the following to /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2385
2386::
2387
2388  install snd-vx222 /sbin/modprobe --first-time -i snd-vx222\
2389    && /usr/bin/vxloader
2390
2391(for 2.2/2.4 kernels, add ``post-install /usr/bin/vxloader`` to
2392/etc/modules.conf, instead.)
2393IBL size defines the interrupts period for PCM.  The smaller size
2394gives smaller latency but leads to more CPU consumption, too.
2395The size is usually aligned to 126.  As default (=0), the smallest
2396size is chosen.  The possible IBL values can be found in
2397/proc/asound/cardX/vx-status proc file.
2398
2399The power-management is supported.
2400
2401Module snd-vxpocket
2402-------------------
2403
2404Module for Digigram VX-Pocket VX2 and 440 PCMCIA cards.
2405
2406ibl
2407    Capture IBL size. (default = 0, minimum size)
2408
2409This module supports multiple cards.  The module is compiled only when
2410PCMCIA is supported on kernel.
2411
2412With the older 2.6.x kernel, to activate the driver via the card
2413manager, you'll need to set up /etc/pcmcia/vxpocket.conf.  See the
2414sound/pcmcia/vx/vxpocket.c.  2.6.13 or later kernel requires no
2415longer require a config file.
2416
2417When the driver is compiled as a module and the hotplug firmware
2418is supported, the firmware data is loaded via hotplug automatically.
2419Install the necessary firmware files in alsa-firmware package.
2420When no hotplug fw loader is available, you need to load the
2421firmware via vxloader utility in alsa-tools package.
2422
2423About capture IBL, see the description of snd-vx222 module.
2424
2425Note: snd-vxp440 driver is merged to snd-vxpocket driver since
2426ALSA 1.0.10.
2427
2428The power-management is supported.
2429
2430Module snd-ymfpci
2431-----------------
2432
2433Module for Yamaha PCI chips (YMF72x, YMF74x & YMF75x).
2434
2435mpu_port
2436    0x300,0x330,0x332,0x334, 0 (disable) by default,
2437    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2438fm_port
2439    0x388,0x398,0x3a0,0x3a8, 0 (disable) by default
2440    1 (auto-detect for YMF744/754 only)
2441joystick_port
2442    0x201,0x202,0x204,0x205, 0 (disable) by default,
2443    1 (auto-detect)
2444rear_switch
2445    enable shared rear/line-in switch (bool)
2446
2447This module supports autoprobe and multiple chips.
2448
2449The power-management is supported.
2450
2451Module snd-pdaudiocf
2452--------------------
2453
2454Module for Sound Core PDAudioCF sound card.
2455
2456The power-management is supported.
2457
2458
2459AC97 Quirk Option
2460=================
2461
2462The ac97_quirk option is used to enable/override the workaround for
2463specific devices on drivers for on-board AC'97 controllers like
2464snd-intel8x0.  Some hardware have swapped output pins between Master
2465and Headphone, or Surround (thanks to confusion of AC'97
2466specifications from version to version :-)
2467
2468The driver provides the auto-detection of known problematic devices,
2469but some might be unknown or wrongly detected.  In such a case, pass
2470the proper value with this option.
2471
2472The following strings are accepted:
2473
2474default
2475    Don't override the default setting
2476none
2477    Disable the quirk
2478hp_only
2479    Bind Master and Headphone controls as a single control
2480swap_hp
2481    Swap headphone and master controls
2482swap_surround
2483    Swap master and surround controls
2484ad_sharing
2485    For AD1985, turn on OMS bit and use headphone
2486alc_jack
2487    For ALC65x, turn on the jack sense mode
2488inv_eapd
2489    Inverted EAPD implementation
2490mute_led
2491    Bind EAPD bit for turning on/off mute LED
2492
2493For backward compatibility, the corresponding integer value -1, 0, ...
2494are  accepted, too.
2495
2496For example, if ``Master`` volume control has no effect on your device
2497but only ``Headphone`` does, pass ac97_quirk=hp_only module option.
2498
2499
2500Configuring Non-ISAPNP Cards
2501============================
2502
2503When the kernel is configured with ISA-PnP support, the modules
2504supporting the isapnp cards will have module options ``isapnp``.
2505If this option is set, *only* the ISA-PnP devices will be probed.
2506For probing the non ISA-PnP cards, you have to pass ``isapnp=0`` option
2507together with the proper i/o and irq configuration.
2508
2509When the kernel is configured without ISA-PnP support, isapnp option
2510will be not built in.
2511
2512
2513Module Autoloading Support
2514==========================
2515
2516The ALSA drivers can be loaded automatically on demand by defining
2517module aliases.  The string ``snd-card-%1`` is requested for ALSA native
2518devices where ``%i`` is sound card number from zero to seven.
2519
2520To auto-load an ALSA driver for OSS services, define the string
2521``sound-slot-%i`` where ``%i`` means the slot number for OSS, which
2522corresponds to the card index of ALSA.  Usually, define this
2523as the same card module.
2524
2525An example configuration for a single emu10k1 card is like below:
2526::
2527
2528    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2529    alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1
2530    alias sound-slot-0 snd-emu10k1
2531    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2532
2533The available number of auto-loaded sound cards depends on the module
2534option ``cards_limit`` of snd module.  As default it's set to 1.
2535To enable the auto-loading of multiple cards, specify the number of
2536sound cards in that option.
2537
2538When multiple cards are available, it'd better to specify the index
2539number for each card via module option, too, so that the order of
2540cards is kept consistent.
2541
2542An example configuration for two sound cards is like below:
2543::
2544
2545    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2546    # ALSA portion
2547    options snd cards_limit=2
2548    alias snd-card-0 snd-interwave
2549    alias snd-card-1 snd-ens1371
2550    options snd-interwave index=0
2551    options snd-ens1371 index=1
2552    # OSS/Free portion
2553    alias sound-slot-0 snd-interwave
2554    alias sound-slot-1 snd-ens1371
2555    ----- /etc/modprobe.d/alsa.conf
2556
2557In this example, the interwave card is always loaded as the first card
2558(index 0) and ens1371 as the second (index 1).
2559
2560Alternative (and new) way to fixate the slot assignment is to use
2561``slots`` option of snd module.  In the case above, specify like the
2562following: 
2563::
2564
2565    options snd slots=snd-interwave,snd-ens1371
2566
2567Then, the first slot (#0) is reserved for snd-interwave driver, and
2568the second (#1) for snd-ens1371.  You can omit index option in each
2569driver if slots option is used (although you can still have them at
2570the same time as long as they don't conflict).
2571
2572The slots option is especially useful for avoiding the possible
2573hot-plugging and the resultant slot conflict.  For example, in the
2574case above again, the first two slots are already reserved.  If any
2575other driver (e.g. snd-usb-audio) is loaded before snd-interwave or
2576snd-ens1371, it will be assigned to the third or later slot.
2577
2578When a module name is given with '!', the slot will be given for any
2579modules but that name.  For example, ``slots=!snd-pcsp`` will reserve
2580the first slot for any modules but snd-pcsp. 
2581
2582
2583ALSA PCM devices to OSS devices mapping
2584=======================================
2585::
2586
2587    /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio0 (/dev/audio) -> minor 4
2588    /dev/snd/pcmC0D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp0 (/dev/dsp)     -> minor 3
2589    /dev/snd/pcmC0D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp0 (/dev/adsp)   -> minor 12
2590    /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio1              -> minor 4+16 = 20
2591    /dev/snd/pcmC1D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp1                -> minor 3+16 = 19
2592    /dev/snd/pcmC1D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp1               -> minor 12+16 = 28
2593    /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/audio2              -> minor 4+32 = 36
2594    /dev/snd/pcmC2D0[c|p]  -> /dev/dsp2                -> minor 3+32 = 39
2595    /dev/snd/pcmC2D1[c|p]  -> /dev/adsp2               -> minor 12+32 = 44
2596
2597The first number from ``/dev/snd/pcmC{X}D{Y}[c|p]`` expression means
2598sound card number and second means device number.  The ALSA devices
2599have either ``c`` or ``p`` suffix indicating the direction, capture and
2600playback, respectively.
2601
2602Please note that the device mapping above may be varied via the module
2603options of snd-pcm-oss module.
2604
2605
2606Proc interfaces (/proc/asound)
2607==============================
2608
2609/proc/asound/card#/pcm#[cp]/oss
2610-------------------------------
2611erase
2612    erase all additional information about OSS applications
2613
2614<app_name> <fragments> <fragment_size> [<options>]
2615    <app_name>
2616	name of application with (higher priority) or without path
2617    <fragments>
2618	 number of fragments or zero if auto
2619    <fragment_size>
2620	 size of fragment in bytes or zero if auto
2621    <options>
2622	optional parameters
2623
2624	disable
2625	    the application tries to open a pcm device for
2626	    this channel but does not want to use it.
2627	    (Cause a bug or mmap needs)
2628	    It's good for Quake etc...
2629	direct
2630	    don't use plugins
2631	block
2632	     force block mode (rvplayer)
2633	non-block
2634	    force non-block mode
2635	whole-frag
2636	    write only whole fragments (optimization affecting
2637	    playback only)
2638	no-silence
2639	    do not fill silence ahead to avoid clicks
2640	buggy-ptr
2641	    Returns the whitespace blocks in GETOPTR ioctl
2642	    instead of filled blocks
2643
2644Example:
2645::
2646
2647    echo "x11amp 128 16384" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2648    echo "squake 0 0 disable" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0c/oss
2649    echo "rvplayer 0 0 block" > /proc/asound/card0/pcm0p/oss
2650
2651
2652Early Buffer Allocation
2653=======================
2654
2655Some drivers (e.g. hdsp) require the large contiguous buffers, and
2656sometimes it's too late to find such spaces when the driver module is
2657actually loaded due to memory fragmentation.  You can pre-allocate the
2658PCM buffers by loading snd-page-alloc module and write commands to its
2659proc file in prior, for example, in the early boot stage like
2660``/etc/init.d/*.local`` scripts.
2661
2662Reading the proc file /proc/drivers/snd-page-alloc shows the current
2663usage of page allocation.  In writing, you can send the following
2664commands to the snd-page-alloc driver:
2665
2666* add VENDOR DEVICE MASK SIZE BUFFERS
2667
2668VENDOR and DEVICE are PCI vendor and device IDs.  They take
2669integer numbers (0x prefix is needed for the hex).
2670MASK is the PCI DMA mask.  Pass 0 if not restricted.
2671SIZE is the size of each buffer to allocate.  You can pass
2672k and m suffix for KB and MB.  The max number is 16MB.
2673BUFFERS is the number of buffers to allocate.  It must be greater
2674than 0.  The max number is 4.
2675
2676* erase
2677
2678This will erase the all pre-allocated buffers which are not in
2679use.
2680
2681
2682Links and Addresses
2683===================
2684
2685ALSA project homepage
2686    http://www.alsa-project.org
2687Kernel Bugzilla
2688    http://bugzilla.kernel.org/
2689ALSA Developers ML
2690    mailto:alsa-devel@alsa-project.org
2691alsa-info.sh script
2692    http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh