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v6.13.7
  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
  2
  3/*
  4 *    PARISC specific syscalls
  5 *
  6 *    Copyright (C) 1999-2003 Matthew Wilcox <willy at parisc-linux.org>
  7 *    Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Paul Bame <bame at parisc-linux.org>
  8 *    Copyright (C) 2001 Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend at parisc-linux.org>
  9 *    Copyright (C) 1999-2020 Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 */
 11
 12#include <linux/uaccess.h>
 13#include <asm/elf.h>
 14#include <linux/file.h>
 15#include <linux/fs.h>
 16#include <linux/linkage.h>
 17#include <linux/mm.h>
 18#include <linux/mman.h>
 19#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
 20#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
 21#include <linux/shm.h>
 22#include <linux/syscalls.h>
 23#include <linux/utsname.h>
 24#include <linux/personality.h>
 25#include <linux/random.h>
 26#include <linux/compat.h>
 27#include <linux/elf-randomize.h>
 28
 29/*
 30 * Construct an artificial page offset for the mapping based on the physical
 31 * address of the kernel file mapping variable.
 32 */
 33#define GET_FILP_PGOFF(filp)		\
 34	(filp ? (((unsigned long) filp->f_mapping) >> 8)	\
 35		 & ((SHM_COLOUR-1) >> PAGE_SHIFT) : 0UL)
 36
 37static unsigned long shared_align_offset(unsigned long filp_pgoff,
 38					 unsigned long pgoff)
 39{
 40	return (filp_pgoff + pgoff) << PAGE_SHIFT;
 41}
 42
 43static inline unsigned long COLOR_ALIGN(unsigned long addr,
 44			 unsigned long filp_pgoff, unsigned long pgoff)
 45{
 46	unsigned long base = (addr+SHM_COLOUR-1) & ~(SHM_COLOUR-1);
 47	unsigned long off  = (SHM_COLOUR-1) &
 48		shared_align_offset(filp_pgoff, pgoff);
 49	return base + off;
 50}
 51
 52
 53#define STACK_SIZE_DEFAULT (USER_WIDE_MODE			\
 54			? (1 << 30)	/* 1 GB */		\
 55			: (CONFIG_STACK_MAX_DEFAULT_SIZE_MB*1024*1024))
 56
 57unsigned long calc_max_stack_size(unsigned long stack_max)
 58{
 59#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
 60	if (!USER_WIDE_MODE && (stack_max == COMPAT_RLIM_INFINITY))
 61		stack_max = STACK_SIZE_DEFAULT;
 62	else
 63#endif
 64	if (stack_max == RLIM_INFINITY)
 65		stack_max = STACK_SIZE_DEFAULT;
 66
 67	return stack_max;
 68}
 69
 
 70
 71/*
 72 * Top of mmap area (just below the process stack).
 73 */
 74
 75/*
 76 * When called from arch_get_unmapped_area(), rlim_stack will be NULL,
 77 * indicating that "current" should be used instead of a passed-in
 78 * value from the exec bprm as done with arch_pick_mmap_layout().
 
 79 */
 80unsigned long mmap_upper_limit(struct rlimit *rlim_stack)
 81{
 82	unsigned long stack_base;
 83
 84	/* Limit stack size - see setup_arg_pages() in fs/exec.c */
 85	stack_base = rlim_stack ? rlim_stack->rlim_max
 86				: rlimit_max(RLIMIT_STACK);
 87
 88	stack_base = calc_max_stack_size(stack_base);
 89
 90	/* Add space for stack randomization. */
 91	if (current->flags & PF_RANDOMIZE)
 92		stack_base += (STACK_RND_MASK << PAGE_SHIFT);
 93
 94	return PAGE_ALIGN(STACK_TOP - stack_base);
 95}
 96
 97enum mmap_allocation_direction {UP, DOWN};
 98
 99static unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area_common(struct file *filp,
100	unsigned long addr, unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff,
101	unsigned long flags, enum mmap_allocation_direction dir)
102{
103	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
104	struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev;
105	unsigned long filp_pgoff;
106	int do_color_align;
107	struct vm_unmapped_area_info info = {
108		.length = len
109	};
110
111	if (unlikely(len > TASK_SIZE))
112		return -ENOMEM;
113
114	do_color_align = 0;
115	if (filp || (flags & MAP_SHARED))
116		do_color_align = 1;
117	filp_pgoff = GET_FILP_PGOFF(filp);
118
119	if (flags & MAP_FIXED) {
120		/* Even MAP_FIXED mappings must reside within TASK_SIZE */
121		if (TASK_SIZE - len < addr)
122			return -EINVAL;
123
124		if ((flags & MAP_SHARED) && filp &&
125		    (addr - shared_align_offset(filp_pgoff, pgoff))
126				& (SHM_COLOUR - 1))
127			return -EINVAL;
128		return addr;
129	}
130
131	if (addr) {
132		if (do_color_align)
133			addr = COLOR_ALIGN(addr, filp_pgoff, pgoff);
134		else
135			addr = PAGE_ALIGN(addr);
136
137		vma = find_vma_prev(mm, addr, &prev);
138		if (TASK_SIZE - len >= addr &&
139		    (!vma || addr + len <= vm_start_gap(vma)) &&
140		    (!prev || addr >= vm_end_gap(prev)))
141			return addr;
142	}
143
144	info.align_mask = do_color_align ? (PAGE_MASK & (SHM_COLOUR - 1)) : 0;
145	info.align_offset = shared_align_offset(filp_pgoff, pgoff);
146
147	if (dir == DOWN) {
148		info.flags = VM_UNMAPPED_AREA_TOPDOWN;
149		info.low_limit = PAGE_SIZE;
150		info.high_limit = mm->mmap_base;
151		addr = vm_unmapped_area(&info);
152		if (!(addr & ~PAGE_MASK))
153			return addr;
154		VM_BUG_ON(addr != -ENOMEM);
155
156		/*
157		 * A failed mmap() very likely causes application failure,
158		 * so fall back to the bottom-up function here. This scenario
159		 * can happen with large stack limits and large mmap()
160		 * allocations.
161		 */
162	}
163
164	info.low_limit = mm->mmap_base;
165	info.high_limit = mmap_upper_limit(NULL);
166	return vm_unmapped_area(&info);
167}
168
169unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
170	unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags,
171	vm_flags_t vm_flags)
172{
173	return arch_get_unmapped_area_common(filp,
174			addr, len, pgoff, flags, UP);
175}
 
 
 
 
 
 
176
177unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area_topdown(struct file *filp,
178	unsigned long addr, unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff,
179	unsigned long flags, vm_flags_t vm_flags)
180{
181	return arch_get_unmapped_area_common(filp,
182			addr, len, pgoff, flags, DOWN);
 
 
183}
184
185asmlinkage unsigned long sys_mmap2(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
186	unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags, unsigned long fd,
187	unsigned long pgoff)
188{
189	/* Make sure the shift for mmap2 is constant (12), no matter what PAGE_SIZE
190	   we have. */
191	return ksys_mmap_pgoff(addr, len, prot, flags, fd,
192			       pgoff >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 12));
193}
194
195asmlinkage unsigned long sys_mmap(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
196		unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags, unsigned long fd,
197		unsigned long offset)
198{
199	if (!(offset & ~PAGE_MASK)) {
200		return ksys_mmap_pgoff(addr, len, prot, flags, fd,
201					offset >> PAGE_SHIFT);
202	} else {
203		return -EINVAL;
204	}
205}
206
207/* Fucking broken ABI */
208
209#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
210asmlinkage long parisc_truncate64(const char __user * path,
211					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
212{
213	return ksys_truncate(path, (long)high << 32 | low);
214}
215
216asmlinkage long parisc_ftruncate64(unsigned int fd,
217					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
218{
219	return ksys_ftruncate(fd, (long)high << 32 | low);
220}
221
222/* stubs for the benefit of the syscall_table since truncate64 and truncate 
223 * are identical on LP64 */
224asmlinkage long sys_truncate64(const char __user * path, unsigned long length)
225{
226	return ksys_truncate(path, length);
227}
228asmlinkage long sys_ftruncate64(unsigned int fd, unsigned long length)
229{
230	return ksys_ftruncate(fd, length);
231}
232asmlinkage long sys_fcntl64(unsigned int fd, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
233{
234	return sys_fcntl(fd, cmd, arg);
235}
236#else
237
238asmlinkage long parisc_truncate64(const char __user * path,
239					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
240{
241	return ksys_truncate(path, (loff_t)high << 32 | low);
242}
243
244asmlinkage long parisc_ftruncate64(unsigned int fd,
245					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
246{
247	return sys_ftruncate64(fd, (loff_t)high << 32 | low);
248}
249#endif
250
251asmlinkage ssize_t parisc_pread64(unsigned int fd, char __user *buf, size_t count,
252					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
253{
254	return ksys_pread64(fd, buf, count, (loff_t)high << 32 | low);
255}
256
257asmlinkage ssize_t parisc_pwrite64(unsigned int fd, const char __user *buf,
258			size_t count, unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
259{
260	return ksys_pwrite64(fd, buf, count, (loff_t)high << 32 | low);
261}
262
263asmlinkage ssize_t parisc_readahead(int fd, unsigned int high, unsigned int low,
264		                    size_t count)
265{
266	return ksys_readahead(fd, (loff_t)high << 32 | low, count);
267}
268
269asmlinkage long parisc_fadvise64_64(int fd,
270			unsigned int high_off, unsigned int low_off,
271			unsigned int high_len, unsigned int low_len, int advice)
272{
273	return ksys_fadvise64_64(fd, (loff_t)high_off << 32 | low_off,
274			(loff_t)high_len << 32 | low_len, advice);
275}
276
277asmlinkage long parisc_sync_file_range(int fd,
278			u32 hi_off, u32 lo_off, u32 hi_nbytes, u32 lo_nbytes,
279			unsigned int flags)
280{
281	return ksys_sync_file_range(fd, (loff_t)hi_off << 32 | lo_off,
282			(loff_t)hi_nbytes << 32 | lo_nbytes, flags);
283}
284
285asmlinkage long parisc_fallocate(int fd, int mode, u32 offhi, u32 offlo,
286				u32 lenhi, u32 lenlo)
287{
288	return ksys_fallocate(fd, mode, ((u64)offhi << 32) | offlo,
289			      ((u64)lenhi << 32) | lenlo);
290}
291
292asmlinkage long parisc_personality(unsigned long personality)
 
 
 
 
 
293{
294	long err;
295
296	if (personality(current->personality) == PER_LINUX32
297	    && personality(personality) == PER_LINUX)
298		personality = (personality & ~PER_MASK) | PER_LINUX32;
299
300	err = sys_personality(personality);
301	if (personality(err) == PER_LINUX32)
302		err = (err & ~PER_MASK) | PER_LINUX;
303
304	return err;
305}
306
307/*
308 * Up to kernel v5.9 we defined O_NONBLOCK as 000200004,
309 * since then O_NONBLOCK is defined as 000200000.
310 *
311 * The following wrapper functions mask out the old
312 * O_NDELAY bit from calls which use O_NONBLOCK.
313 *
314 * XXX: Remove those in year 2022 (or later)?
315 */
316
317#define O_NONBLOCK_OLD		000200004
318#define O_NONBLOCK_MASK_OUT	(O_NONBLOCK_OLD & ~O_NONBLOCK)
319
320static int FIX_O_NONBLOCK(int flags)
321{
322	if ((flags & O_NONBLOCK_MASK_OUT) &&
323			!test_thread_flag(TIF_NONBLOCK_WARNING)) {
324		set_thread_flag(TIF_NONBLOCK_WARNING);
325		pr_warn("%s(%d) uses a deprecated O_NONBLOCK value."
326			" Please recompile with newer glibc.\n",
327			current->comm, current->pid);
328	}
329	return flags & ~O_NONBLOCK_MASK_OUT;
330}
331
332asmlinkage long parisc_timerfd_create(int clockid, int flags)
333{
334	flags = FIX_O_NONBLOCK(flags);
335	return sys_timerfd_create(clockid, flags);
336}
337
338asmlinkage long parisc_signalfd4(int ufd, sigset_t __user *user_mask,
339	size_t sizemask, int flags)
340{
341	flags = FIX_O_NONBLOCK(flags);
342	return sys_signalfd4(ufd, user_mask, sizemask, flags);
343}
344
345#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
346asmlinkage long parisc_compat_signalfd4(int ufd,
347	compat_sigset_t __user *user_mask,
348	compat_size_t sizemask, int flags)
349{
350	flags = FIX_O_NONBLOCK(flags);
351	return compat_sys_signalfd4(ufd, user_mask, sizemask, flags);
352}
353#endif
354
355asmlinkage long parisc_eventfd2(unsigned int count, int flags)
356{
357	flags = FIX_O_NONBLOCK(flags);
358	return sys_eventfd2(count, flags);
359}
360
361asmlinkage long parisc_userfaultfd(int flags)
362{
363	flags = FIX_O_NONBLOCK(flags);
364	return sys_userfaultfd(flags);
365}
366
367asmlinkage long parisc_pipe2(int __user *fildes, int flags)
368{
369	flags = FIX_O_NONBLOCK(flags);
370	return sys_pipe2(fildes, flags);
371}
372
373asmlinkage long parisc_inotify_init1(int flags)
374{
375	flags = FIX_O_NONBLOCK(flags);
376	return sys_inotify_init1(flags);
377}
378
379/*
380 * madvise() wrapper
381 *
382 * Up to kernel v6.1 parisc has different values than all other
383 * platforms for the MADV_xxx flags listed below.
384 * To keep binary compatibility with existing userspace programs
385 * translate the former values to the new values.
386 *
387 * XXX: Remove this wrapper in year 2025 (or later)
388 */
389
390asmlinkage notrace long parisc_madvise(unsigned long start, size_t len_in, int behavior)
391{
392	switch (behavior) {
393	case 65: behavior = MADV_MERGEABLE;	break;
394	case 66: behavior = MADV_UNMERGEABLE;	break;
395	case 67: behavior = MADV_HUGEPAGE;	break;
396	case 68: behavior = MADV_NOHUGEPAGE;	break;
397	case 69: behavior = MADV_DONTDUMP;	break;
398	case 70: behavior = MADV_DODUMP;	break;
399	case 71: behavior = MADV_WIPEONFORK;	break;
400	case 72: behavior = MADV_KEEPONFORK;	break;
401	case 73: behavior = MADV_COLLAPSE;	break;
402	}
403
404	return sys_madvise(start, len_in, behavior);
405}
v3.1
 
  1
  2/*
  3 *    PARISC specific syscalls
  4 *
  5 *    Copyright (C) 1999-2003 Matthew Wilcox <willy at parisc-linux.org>
  6 *    Copyright (C) 2000-2003 Paul Bame <bame at parisc-linux.org>
  7 *    Copyright (C) 2001 Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend at parisc-linux.org>
  8 *
  9 *
 10 *    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 11 *    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 12 *    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 13 *    (at your option) any later version.
 14 *
 15 *    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 16 *    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 17 *    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 18 *    GNU General Public License for more details.
 19 *
 20 *    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 21 *    along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 22 *    Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 23 */
 24
 25#include <asm/uaccess.h>
 
 26#include <linux/file.h>
 27#include <linux/fs.h>
 28#include <linux/linkage.h>
 29#include <linux/mm.h>
 30#include <linux/mman.h>
 
 
 31#include <linux/shm.h>
 32#include <linux/syscalls.h>
 33#include <linux/utsname.h>
 34#include <linux/personality.h>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 35
 36static unsigned long get_unshared_area(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len)
 
 37{
 38	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 
 
 
 
 
 39
 40	addr = PAGE_ALIGN(addr);
 
 
 41
 42	for (vma = find_vma(current->mm, addr); ; vma = vma->vm_next) {
 43		/* At this point:  (!vma || addr < vma->vm_end). */
 44		if (TASK_SIZE - len < addr)
 45			return -ENOMEM;
 46		if (!vma || addr + len <= vma->vm_start)
 47			return addr;
 48		addr = vma->vm_end;
 49	}
 
 
 
 50}
 51
 52#define DCACHE_ALIGN(addr) (((addr) + (SHMLBA - 1)) &~ (SHMLBA - 1))
 53
 54/*
 55 * We need to know the offset to use.  Old scheme was to look for
 56 * existing mapping and use the same offset.  New scheme is to use the
 57 * address of the kernel data structure as the seed for the offset.
 58 * We'll see how that works...
 59 *
 60 * The mapping is cacheline aligned, so there's no information in the bottom
 61 * few bits of the address.  We're looking for 10 bits (4MB / 4k), so let's
 62 * drop the bottom 8 bits and use bits 8-17.  
 63 */
 64static int get_offset(struct address_space *mapping)
 65{
 66	int offset = (unsigned long) mapping << (PAGE_SHIFT - 8);
 67	return offset & 0x3FF000;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 68}
 69
 70static unsigned long get_shared_area(struct address_space *mapping,
 71		unsigned long addr, unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff)
 
 
 
 72{
 73	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
 74	int offset = mapping ? get_offset(mapping) : 0;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 75
 76	addr = DCACHE_ALIGN(addr - offset) + offset;
 
 
 
 77
 78	for (vma = find_vma(current->mm, addr); ; vma = vma->vm_next) {
 79		/* At this point:  (!vma || addr < vma->vm_end). */
 80		if (TASK_SIZE - len < addr)
 81			return -ENOMEM;
 82		if (!vma || addr + len <= vma->vm_start)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 83			return addr;
 84		addr = DCACHE_ALIGN(vma->vm_end - offset) + offset;
 85		if (addr < vma->vm_end) /* handle wraparound */
 86			return -ENOMEM;
 
 
 
 
 
 87	}
 
 
 
 
 88}
 89
 90unsigned long arch_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
 91		unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
 
 92{
 93	if (len > TASK_SIZE)
 94		return -ENOMEM;
 95	/* Might want to check for cache aliasing issues for MAP_FIXED case
 96	 * like ARM or MIPS ??? --BenH.
 97	 */
 98	if (flags & MAP_FIXED)
 99		return addr;
100	if (!addr)
101		addr = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
102
103	if (filp) {
104		addr = get_shared_area(filp->f_mapping, addr, len, pgoff);
105	} else if(flags & MAP_SHARED) {
106		addr = get_shared_area(NULL, addr, len, pgoff);
107	} else {
108		addr = get_unshared_area(addr, len);
109	}
110	return addr;
111}
112
113asmlinkage unsigned long sys_mmap2(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
114	unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags, unsigned long fd,
115	unsigned long pgoff)
116{
117	/* Make sure the shift for mmap2 is constant (12), no matter what PAGE_SIZE
118	   we have. */
119	return sys_mmap_pgoff(addr, len, prot, flags, fd,
120			      pgoff >> (PAGE_SHIFT - 12));
121}
122
123asmlinkage unsigned long sys_mmap(unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
124		unsigned long prot, unsigned long flags, unsigned long fd,
125		unsigned long offset)
126{
127	if (!(offset & ~PAGE_MASK)) {
128		return sys_mmap_pgoff(addr, len, prot, flags, fd,
129					offset >> PAGE_SHIFT);
130	} else {
131		return -EINVAL;
132	}
133}
134
135/* Fucking broken ABI */
136
137#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
138asmlinkage long parisc_truncate64(const char __user * path,
139					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
140{
141	return sys_truncate(path, (long)high << 32 | low);
142}
143
144asmlinkage long parisc_ftruncate64(unsigned int fd,
145					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
146{
147	return sys_ftruncate(fd, (long)high << 32 | low);
148}
149
150/* stubs for the benefit of the syscall_table since truncate64 and truncate 
151 * are identical on LP64 */
152asmlinkage long sys_truncate64(const char __user * path, unsigned long length)
153{
154	return sys_truncate(path, length);
155}
156asmlinkage long sys_ftruncate64(unsigned int fd, unsigned long length)
157{
158	return sys_ftruncate(fd, length);
159}
160asmlinkage long sys_fcntl64(unsigned int fd, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
161{
162	return sys_fcntl(fd, cmd, arg);
163}
164#else
165
166asmlinkage long parisc_truncate64(const char __user * path,
167					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
168{
169	return sys_truncate64(path, (loff_t)high << 32 | low);
170}
171
172asmlinkage long parisc_ftruncate64(unsigned int fd,
173					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
174{
175	return sys_ftruncate64(fd, (loff_t)high << 32 | low);
176}
177#endif
178
179asmlinkage ssize_t parisc_pread64(unsigned int fd, char __user *buf, size_t count,
180					unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
181{
182	return sys_pread64(fd, buf, count, (loff_t)high << 32 | low);
183}
184
185asmlinkage ssize_t parisc_pwrite64(unsigned int fd, const char __user *buf,
186			size_t count, unsigned int high, unsigned int low)
187{
188	return sys_pwrite64(fd, buf, count, (loff_t)high << 32 | low);
189}
190
191asmlinkage ssize_t parisc_readahead(int fd, unsigned int high, unsigned int low,
192		                    size_t count)
193{
194	return sys_readahead(fd, (loff_t)high << 32 | low, count);
195}
196
197asmlinkage long parisc_fadvise64_64(int fd,
198			unsigned int high_off, unsigned int low_off,
199			unsigned int high_len, unsigned int low_len, int advice)
200{
201	return sys_fadvise64_64(fd, (loff_t)high_off << 32 | low_off,
202			(loff_t)high_len << 32 | low_len, advice);
203}
204
205asmlinkage long parisc_sync_file_range(int fd,
206			u32 hi_off, u32 lo_off, u32 hi_nbytes, u32 lo_nbytes,
207			unsigned int flags)
208{
209	return sys_sync_file_range(fd, (loff_t)hi_off << 32 | lo_off,
210			(loff_t)hi_nbytes << 32 | lo_nbytes, flags);
211}
212
213asmlinkage unsigned long sys_alloc_hugepages(int key, unsigned long addr, unsigned long len, int prot, int flag)
 
214{
215	return -ENOMEM;
 
216}
217
218asmlinkage int sys_free_hugepages(unsigned long addr)
219{
220	return -EINVAL;
221}
222
223long parisc_personality(unsigned long personality)
224{
225	long err;
226
227	if (personality(current->personality) == PER_LINUX32
228	    && personality == PER_LINUX)
229		personality = PER_LINUX32;
230
231	err = sys_personality(personality);
232	if (err == PER_LINUX32)
233		err = PER_LINUX;
234
235	return err;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
236}