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v5.4
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2#include <stdio.h>
   3#include "evsel.h"
   4#include "stat.h"
   5#include "color.h"
   6#include "pmu.h"
   7#include "rblist.h"
   8#include "evlist.h"
   9#include "expr.h"
  10#include "metricgroup.h"
  11#include <linux/zalloc.h>
  12
  13/*
  14 * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  15 * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  16 * AGGR_DIE: Use first CPU of die
  17 * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  18 * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  19 * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  20 */
  21static bool have_frontend_stalled;
  22
  23struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  24struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  25
  26struct saved_value {
  27	struct rb_node rb_node;
  28	struct evsel *evsel;
  29	enum stat_type type;
  30	int ctx;
  31	int cpu;
  32	struct runtime_stat *stat;
  33	struct stats stats;
  34	u64 metric_total;
  35	int metric_other;
  36};
  37
  38static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  39{
  40	struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  41					     struct saved_value,
  42					     rb_node);
  43	const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  44
  45	if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
  46		return a->cpu - b->cpu;
  47
  48	/*
  49	 * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  50	 * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  51	 * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  52	 * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  53	 * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  54	 */
  55	if (a->type != b->type)
  56		return a->type - b->type;
  57
  58	if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  59		return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  60
  61	if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
  62		if (a->stat == b->stat)
  63			return 0;
  64
  65		if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
  66			return -1;
  67
  68		return 1;
  69	}
  70
  71	if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  72		return 0;
  73	if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  74		return -1;
  75	return +1;
  76}
  77
  78static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  79				     const void *entry)
  80{
  81	struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  82
  83	if (!nd)
  84		return NULL;
  85	memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  86	return &nd->rb_node;
  87}
  88
  89static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  90			       struct rb_node *rb_node)
  91{
  92	struct saved_value *v;
  93
  94	BUG_ON(!rb_node);
  95	v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
  96	free(v);
  97}
  98
  99static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct evsel *evsel,
 100					      int cpu,
 101					      bool create,
 102					      enum stat_type type,
 103					      int ctx,
 104					      struct runtime_stat *st)
 105{
 106	struct rblist *rblist;
 107	struct rb_node *nd;
 108	struct saved_value dm = {
 109		.cpu = cpu,
 110		.evsel = evsel,
 111		.type = type,
 112		.ctx = ctx,
 113		.stat = st,
 114	};
 115
 116	rblist = &st->value_list;
 117
 118	nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 119	if (nd)
 120		return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 121	if (create) {
 122		rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 123		nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 124		if (nd)
 125			return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 126	}
 127	return NULL;
 128}
 129
 130void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 131{
 132	struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 133
 134	rblist__init(rblist);
 135	rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 136	rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 137	rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 138}
 139
 140void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 141{
 142	rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 143}
 144
 145void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 146{
 147	have_frontend_stalled = pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-frontend");
 148	runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 149}
 150
 151static int evsel_context(struct evsel *evsel)
 152{
 153	int ctx = 0;
 154
 155	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_kernel)
 156		ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 157	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_user)
 158		ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 159	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_hv)
 160		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 161	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_host)
 162		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 163	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_idle)
 164		ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 165
 166	return ctx;
 167}
 168
 169static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 170{
 171	struct rblist *rblist;
 172	struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 173
 174	rblist = &st->value_list;
 175	next = rb_first_cached(&rblist->entries);
 176	while (next) {
 177		pos = next;
 178		next = rb_next(pos);
 179		memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 180		       0,
 181		       sizeof(struct stats));
 182	}
 183}
 184
 185void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 186{
 187	reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 188	memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 189}
 190
 191void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 192{
 193	reset_stat(st);
 194}
 195
 196static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 197				enum stat_type type,
 198				int ctx, int cpu, u64 count)
 199{
 200	struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true,
 201						   type, ctx, st);
 202
 203	if (v)
 204		update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 205}
 206
 207/*
 208 * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 209 * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 210 * instruction rates, etc:
 211 */
 212void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct evsel *counter, u64 count,
 213				    int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 214{
 215	int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
 216	u64 count_ns = count;
 217	struct saved_value *v;
 218
 219	count *= counter->scale;
 220
 221	if (perf_evsel__is_clock(counter))
 222		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu, count_ns);
 223	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 224		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu, count);
 225	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 226		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu, count);
 227	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 228		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, ctx, cpu, count);
 229	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 230		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, ctx, cpu, count);
 231	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 232		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 233				    ctx, cpu, count);
 234	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 235		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 236				    ctx, cpu, count);
 237	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 238		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 239				    ctx, cpu, count);
 240	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 241		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 242				    ctx, cpu, count);
 243	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 244		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 245				    ctx, cpu, count);
 246	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 247		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 248				    ctx, cpu, count);
 249	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 250		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 251				    ctx, cpu, count);
 252	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 253		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu, count);
 254	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 255		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu, count);
 256	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 257		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 258	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 259		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 260	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 261		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 262	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 263		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 264	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 265		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 266	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 267		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu, count);
 268	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 269		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu, count);
 270
 271	if (counter->collect_stat) {
 272		v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 273		update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 274		if (counter->metric_leader)
 275			v->metric_total += count;
 276	} else if (counter->metric_leader) {
 277		v = saved_value_lookup(counter->metric_leader,
 278				       cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 279		v->metric_total += count;
 280		v->metric_other++;
 281	}
 282}
 283
 284/* used for get_ratio_color() */
 285enum grc_type {
 286	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 287	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 288	GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 289	GRC_MAX_NR
 290};
 291
 292static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 293{
 294	static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 295		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 296		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 297		[GRC_CACHE_MISSES] 	= { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 298	};
 299	const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 300
 301	if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 302		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 303	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 304		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 305	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 306		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 307
 308	return color;
 309}
 310
 311static struct evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct evlist *evsel_list,
 312						const char *name)
 313{
 314	struct evsel *c2;
 315
 316	evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 317		if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name) && !c2->collect_stat)
 318			return c2;
 319	}
 320	return NULL;
 321}
 322
 323/* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 324void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct evlist *evsel_list)
 325{
 326	struct evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 327	bool found;
 328	const char **metric_names;
 
 
 329	int i;
 330	int num_metric_names;
 331
 
 332	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 333		bool invalid = false;
 334
 335		leader = counter->leader;
 336		if (!counter->metric_expr)
 337			continue;
 
 
 338		metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 339		if (!metric_events) {
 340			if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr, counter->name,
 341						&metric_names, &num_metric_names) < 0)
 
 342				continue;
 343
 344			metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct evsel *),
 345					       num_metric_names + 1);
 346			if (!metric_events)
 
 347				return;
 
 348			counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 349		}
 350
 351		for (i = 0; i < num_metric_names; i++) {
 
 
 
 352			found = false;
 353			if (leader) {
 354				/* Search in group */
 355				for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 356					if (!strcasecmp(oc->name, metric_names[i]) &&
 
 357						!oc->collect_stat) {
 358						found = true;
 359						break;
 360					}
 361				}
 362			}
 363			if (!found) {
 364				/* Search ignoring groups */
 365				oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list, metric_names[i]);
 
 366			}
 367			if (!oc) {
 368				/* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 369				static char *printed;
 370
 371				/*
 372				 * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 373				 * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 374				 * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 375				 * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 376				 * events.
 377				 */
 378				if (!printed || strcasecmp(printed, metric_names[i])) {
 
 379					fprintf(stderr,
 380						"Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 381						metric_names[i],
 382						counter->name);
 383					printed = strdup(metric_names[i]);
 384				}
 385				invalid = true;
 386				continue;
 387			}
 388			metric_events[i] = oc;
 389			oc->collect_stat = true;
 390		}
 391		metric_events[i] = NULL;
 392		free(metric_names);
 393		if (invalid) {
 394			free(metric_events);
 395			counter->metric_events = NULL;
 396			counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 397		}
 398	}
 
 399}
 400
 401static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 402			       enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 403{
 404	struct saved_value *v;
 405
 406	v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 407	if (!v)
 408		return 0.0;
 409
 410	return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 411}
 412
 413static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 414			     enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 415{
 416	struct saved_value *v;
 417
 418	v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 419	if (!v)
 420		return 0.0;
 421
 422	return v->stats.n;
 423}
 424
 425static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 426					  int cpu,
 427					  struct evsel *evsel, double avg,
 428					  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 429					  struct runtime_stat *st)
 430{
 431	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 432	const char *color;
 433	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 434
 435	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 436
 437	if (total)
 438		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 439
 440	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 441
 442	if (ratio)
 443		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 444				  ratio);
 445	else
 446		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 447}
 448
 449static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 450					 int cpu,
 451					 struct evsel *evsel, double avg,
 452					 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 453					 struct runtime_stat *st)
 454{
 455	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 456	const char *color;
 457	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 458
 459	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 460
 461	if (total)
 462		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 463
 464	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 465
 466	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 467}
 468
 469static void print_branch_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 470				int cpu,
 471				struct evsel *evsel,
 472				double avg,
 473				struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 474				struct runtime_stat *st)
 475{
 476	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 477	const char *color;
 478	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 479
 480	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu);
 481
 482	if (total)
 483		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 484
 485	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 486
 487	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 488}
 489
 490static void print_l1_dcache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 491				   int cpu,
 492				   struct evsel *evsel,
 493				   double avg,
 494				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 495				   struct runtime_stat *st)
 496
 497{
 498	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 499	const char *color;
 500	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 501
 502	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu);
 503
 504	if (total)
 505		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 506
 507	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 508
 509	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache hits", ratio);
 510}
 511
 512static void print_l1_icache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 513				   int cpu,
 514				   struct evsel *evsel,
 515				   double avg,
 516				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 517				   struct runtime_stat *st)
 518
 519{
 520	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 521	const char *color;
 522	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 523
 524	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu);
 525
 526	if (total)
 527		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 528
 529	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 530	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache hits", ratio);
 531}
 532
 533static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 534				    int cpu,
 535				    struct evsel *evsel,
 536				    double avg,
 537				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 538				    struct runtime_stat *st)
 539{
 540	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 541	const char *color;
 542	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 543
 544	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 545
 546	if (total)
 547		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 548
 549	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 550	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache hits", ratio);
 551}
 552
 553static void print_itlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 554				    int cpu,
 555				    struct evsel *evsel,
 556				    double avg,
 557				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 558				    struct runtime_stat *st)
 559{
 560	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 561	const char *color;
 562	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 563
 564	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 565
 566	if (total)
 567		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 568
 569	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 570	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache hits", ratio);
 571}
 572
 573static void print_ll_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 574				  int cpu,
 575				  struct evsel *evsel,
 576				  double avg,
 577				  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 578				  struct runtime_stat *st)
 579{
 580	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 581	const char *color;
 582	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 583
 584	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 585
 586	if (total)
 587		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 588
 589	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 590	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache hits", ratio);
 591}
 592
 593/*
 594 * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 595 *
 596 * Basic concept following
 597 * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 598 * ISPASS14
 599 *
 600 * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 601 *
 602 * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 603 * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 604 * (for example branch mispredictions)
 605 * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 606 * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 607 * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 608 *
 609 * The formulas are computed in slots.
 610 * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 611 * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 612 *
 613 * Formulas:
 614 * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 615 *			TotalSlots
 616 * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 617 * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 618 * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 619 *
 620 * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 621 * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 622 *
 623 * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 624 *
 625 * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 626 *
 627 * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 628 * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 629 *
 630 * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 631 * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 632 * support Level 1 TopDown.
 633 */
 634
 635static double sanitize_val(double x)
 636{
 637	if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 638		return 0.0;
 639	return x;
 640}
 641
 642static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 643{
 644	return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, ctx, cpu);
 645}
 646
 647static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 648{
 649	double bad_spec = 0;
 650	double total_slots;
 651	double total;
 652
 653	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, ctx, cpu) -
 654		runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, ctx, cpu) +
 655		runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, ctx, cpu);
 656
 657	total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 658	if (total_slots)
 659		bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 660	return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 661}
 662
 663static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 664{
 665	double retiring = 0;
 666	double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 667	double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 668					    ctx, cpu);
 669
 670	if (total_slots)
 671		retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 672	return retiring;
 673}
 674
 675static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 676{
 677	double fe_bound = 0;
 678	double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 679	double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 680					    ctx, cpu);
 681
 682	if (total_slots)
 683		fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 684	return fe_bound;
 685}
 686
 687static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 688{
 689	double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st) +
 690		      td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st) +
 691		      td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st));
 692	if (sum == 0)
 693		return 0;
 694	return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 695}
 696
 697static void print_smi_cost(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 698			   int cpu, struct evsel *evsel,
 699			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 700			   struct runtime_stat *st)
 701{
 702	double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 703	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 704	const char *color = NULL;
 705
 706	smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu);
 707	aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu);
 708	cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 709
 710	if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 711		return;
 712
 713	if (smi_num)
 714		cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 715
 716	if (cost > 10)
 717		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 718	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 719	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 720}
 721
 722static void generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 723			   const char *metric_expr,
 724			   struct evsel **metric_events,
 725			   char *name,
 726			   const char *metric_name,
 727			   const char *metric_unit,
 728			   double avg,
 729			   int cpu,
 730			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 731			   struct runtime_stat *st)
 732{
 733	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 734	struct parse_ctx pctx;
 735	double ratio, scale;
 736	int i;
 737	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 738	char *n, *pn;
 
 739
 740	expr__ctx_init(&pctx);
 741	/* Must be first id entry */
 742	expr__add_id(&pctx, name, avg);
 743	for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 744		struct saved_value *v;
 745		struct stats *stats;
 746		u64 metric_total = 0;
 747
 748		if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
 749			stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 750			scale = 1e-9;
 751		} else {
 752			v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
 753					       STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 754			if (!v)
 755				break;
 756			stats = &v->stats;
 757			scale = 1.0;
 758
 759			if (v->metric_other)
 760				metric_total = v->metric_total;
 761		}
 762
 763		n = strdup(metric_events[i]->name);
 764		if (!n)
 765			return;
 766		/*
 767		 * This display code with --no-merge adds [cpu] postfixes.
 768		 * These are not supported by the parser. Remove everything
 769		 * after the space.
 770		 */
 771		pn = strchr(n, ' ');
 772		if (pn)
 773			*pn = 0;
 774
 775		if (metric_total)
 776			expr__add_id(&pctx, n, metric_total);
 777		else
 778			expr__add_id(&pctx, n, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 779	}
 780
 781	if (!metric_events[i]) {
 782		const char *p = metric_expr;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 783
 784		if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, &p) == 0) {
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 785			char *unit;
 786			char metric_bf[64];
 787
 788			if (metric_unit && metric_name) {
 789				if (perf_pmu__convert_scale(metric_unit,
 790					&unit, &scale) >= 0) {
 791					ratio *= scale;
 792				}
 793
 794				scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 
 
 
 795					  "%s  %s", unit, metric_name);
 
 796				print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 797					     metric_bf, ratio);
 798			} else {
 799				print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 800					metric_name ?
 801					metric_name :
 802					out->force_header ?  name : "",
 803					ratio);
 804			}
 805		} else {
 806			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 807				     out->force_header ?
 808				     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 809		}
 810	} else
 811		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 812
 813	for (i = 1; i < pctx.num_ids; i++)
 814		zfree(&pctx.ids[i].name);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 815}
 816
 817void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 818				   struct evsel *evsel,
 819				   double avg, int cpu,
 820				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 821				   struct rblist *metric_events,
 822				   struct runtime_stat *st)
 823{
 824	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 825	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 826	double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 827	const char *color = NULL;
 828	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 829	struct metric_event *me;
 830	int num = 1;
 831
 832	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 833		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 834
 835		if (total) {
 836			ratio = avg / total;
 837			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 838					"insn per cycle", ratio);
 839		} else {
 840			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
 841		}
 842
 843		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 844					 ctx, cpu);
 845
 846		total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
 847						    STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 848						    ctx, cpu));
 849
 850		if (total && avg) {
 851			out->new_line(config, ctxp);
 852			ratio = total / avg;
 853			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 854					"stalled cycles per insn",
 855					ratio);
 856		} else if (have_frontend_stalled) {
 857			out->new_line(config, ctxp);
 858			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 859				     "stalled cycles per insn", 0);
 860		}
 861	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
 862		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 863			print_branch_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 864		else
 865			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
 866	} else if (
 867		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 868		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
 869					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 870					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 871
 872		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 873			print_l1_dcache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 874		else
 875			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache hits", 0);
 876	} else if (
 877		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 878		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
 879					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 880					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 881
 882		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 883			print_l1_icache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 884		else
 885			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache hits", 0);
 886	} else if (
 887		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 888		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
 889					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 890					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 891
 892		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 893			print_dtlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 894		else
 895			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache hits", 0);
 896	} else if (
 897		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 898		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
 899					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 900					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 901
 902		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 903			print_itlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 904		else
 905			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache hits", 0);
 906	} else if (
 907		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 908		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
 909					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 910					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 911
 912		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 913			print_ll_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 914		else
 915			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache hits", 0);
 916	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
 917		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu);
 918
 919		if (total)
 920			ratio = avg * 100 / total;
 921
 922		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 923			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
 924				     "of all cache refs", ratio);
 925		else
 926			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
 927	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
 928		print_stalled_cycles_frontend(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 929	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
 930		print_stalled_cycles_backend(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 931	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
 932		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 933
 934		if (total) {
 935			ratio = avg / total;
 936			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
 937		} else {
 938			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
 939		}
 940	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
 941		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 942
 943		if (total)
 944			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL,
 945					"%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
 946					100.0 * (avg / total));
 947		else
 948			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
 949				     0);
 950	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
 951		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 952		total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu);
 953
 954		if (total2 < avg)
 955			total2 = avg;
 956		if (total)
 957			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
 958				100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
 959		else
 960			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
 961	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
 962		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
 963					 ctx, cpu);
 964
 965		if (avg)
 966			ratio = total / avg;
 967
 968		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 969			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
 970				     "cycles / transaction", ratio);
 971		else
 972			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
 973				      0);
 974	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
 975		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
 976					 ctx, cpu);
 977
 978		if (avg)
 979			ratio = total / avg;
 980
 981		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
 982	} else if (perf_evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
 983		if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
 984			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
 985				     avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
 986		else
 987			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
 988	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
 989		double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
 990
 991		if (fe_bound > 0.2)
 992			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 993		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
 994				fe_bound * 100.);
 995	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
 996		double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st);
 997
 998		if (retiring > 0.7)
 999			color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1000		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
1001				retiring * 100.);
1002	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
1003		double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st);
1004
1005		if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1006			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1007		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1008				bad_spec * 100.);
1009	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
1010		double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
1011		const char *name = "backend bound";
1012		static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
1013
1014		/* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
1015		if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
1016			have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
1017					"topdown-recovery-bubbles");
1018		if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
1019			name = "backend bound/bad spec";
1020
1021		if (be_bound > 0.2)
1022			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1023		if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st) > 0)
1024			print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
1025					be_bound * 100.);
1026		else
1027			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
1028	} else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
1029		generic_metric(config, evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, evsel->name,
1030				evsel->metric_name, NULL, avg, cpu, out, st);
1031	} else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu) != 0) {
1032		char unit = 'M';
1033		char unit_buf[10];
1034
1035		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
1036
1037		if (total)
1038			ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
1039		if (ratio < 0.001) {
1040			ratio *= 1000;
1041			unit = 'K';
1042		}
1043		snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
1044		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
1045	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
1046		print_smi_cost(config, cpu, evsel, out, st);
1047	} else {
1048		num = 0;
1049	}
1050
1051	if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
1052		struct metric_expr *mexp;
1053
1054		list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
1055			if (num++ > 0)
1056				out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1057			generic_metric(config, mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
1058					evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
1059					mexp->metric_unit, avg, cpu, out, st);
1060		}
1061	}
1062	if (num == 0)
1063		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
1064}
v5.9
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2#include <stdio.h>
   3#include "evsel.h"
   4#include "stat.h"
   5#include "color.h"
   6#include "pmu.h"
   7#include "rblist.h"
   8#include "evlist.h"
   9#include "expr.h"
  10#include "metricgroup.h"
  11#include <linux/zalloc.h>
  12
  13/*
  14 * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  15 * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  16 * AGGR_DIE: Use first CPU of die
  17 * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  18 * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  19 * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  20 */
 
  21
  22struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  23struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  24
  25struct saved_value {
  26	struct rb_node rb_node;
  27	struct evsel *evsel;
  28	enum stat_type type;
  29	int ctx;
  30	int cpu;
  31	struct runtime_stat *stat;
  32	struct stats stats;
  33	u64 metric_total;
  34	int metric_other;
  35};
  36
  37static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  38{
  39	struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  40					     struct saved_value,
  41					     rb_node);
  42	const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  43
  44	if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
  45		return a->cpu - b->cpu;
  46
  47	/*
  48	 * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  49	 * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  50	 * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  51	 * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  52	 * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  53	 */
  54	if (a->type != b->type)
  55		return a->type - b->type;
  56
  57	if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  58		return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  59
  60	if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
  61		if (a->stat == b->stat)
  62			return 0;
  63
  64		if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
  65			return -1;
  66
  67		return 1;
  68	}
  69
  70	if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  71		return 0;
  72	if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  73		return -1;
  74	return +1;
  75}
  76
  77static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  78				     const void *entry)
  79{
  80	struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  81
  82	if (!nd)
  83		return NULL;
  84	memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  85	return &nd->rb_node;
  86}
  87
  88static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  89			       struct rb_node *rb_node)
  90{
  91	struct saved_value *v;
  92
  93	BUG_ON(!rb_node);
  94	v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
  95	free(v);
  96}
  97
  98static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct evsel *evsel,
  99					      int cpu,
 100					      bool create,
 101					      enum stat_type type,
 102					      int ctx,
 103					      struct runtime_stat *st)
 104{
 105	struct rblist *rblist;
 106	struct rb_node *nd;
 107	struct saved_value dm = {
 108		.cpu = cpu,
 109		.evsel = evsel,
 110		.type = type,
 111		.ctx = ctx,
 112		.stat = st,
 113	};
 114
 115	rblist = &st->value_list;
 116
 117	nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 118	if (nd)
 119		return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 120	if (create) {
 121		rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 122		nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 123		if (nd)
 124			return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 125	}
 126	return NULL;
 127}
 128
 129void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 130{
 131	struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 132
 133	rblist__init(rblist);
 134	rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 135	rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 136	rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 137}
 138
 139void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 140{
 141	rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 142}
 143
 144void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 145{
 
 146	runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 147}
 148
 149static int evsel_context(struct evsel *evsel)
 150{
 151	int ctx = 0;
 152
 153	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_kernel)
 154		ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 155	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_user)
 156		ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 157	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_hv)
 158		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 159	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_host)
 160		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 161	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_idle)
 162		ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 163
 164	return ctx;
 165}
 166
 167static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 168{
 169	struct rblist *rblist;
 170	struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 171
 172	rblist = &st->value_list;
 173	next = rb_first_cached(&rblist->entries);
 174	while (next) {
 175		pos = next;
 176		next = rb_next(pos);
 177		memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 178		       0,
 179		       sizeof(struct stats));
 180	}
 181}
 182
 183void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 184{
 185	reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 186	memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 187}
 188
 189void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 190{
 191	reset_stat(st);
 192}
 193
 194static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 195				enum stat_type type,
 196				int ctx, int cpu, u64 count)
 197{
 198	struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true,
 199						   type, ctx, st);
 200
 201	if (v)
 202		update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 203}
 204
 205/*
 206 * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 207 * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 208 * instruction rates, etc:
 209 */
 210void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct evsel *counter, u64 count,
 211				    int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 212{
 213	int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
 214	u64 count_ns = count;
 215	struct saved_value *v;
 216
 217	count *= counter->scale;
 218
 219	if (evsel__is_clock(counter))
 220		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu, count_ns);
 221	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 222		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu, count);
 223	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 224		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu, count);
 225	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 226		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, ctx, cpu, count);
 227	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 228		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, ctx, cpu, count);
 229	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 230		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 231				    ctx, cpu, count);
 232	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 233		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 234				    ctx, cpu, count);
 235	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 236		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 237				    ctx, cpu, count);
 238	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 239		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 240				    ctx, cpu, count);
 241	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 242		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 243				    ctx, cpu, count);
 244	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 245		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 246				    ctx, cpu, count);
 247	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 248		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 249				    ctx, cpu, count);
 250	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 251		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu, count);
 252	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 253		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu, count);
 254	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 255		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 256	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 257		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 258	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 259		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 260	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 261		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 262	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 263		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
 264	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 265		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu, count);
 266	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 267		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu, count);
 268
 269	if (counter->collect_stat) {
 270		v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 271		update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 272		if (counter->metric_leader)
 273			v->metric_total += count;
 274	} else if (counter->metric_leader) {
 275		v = saved_value_lookup(counter->metric_leader,
 276				       cpu, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 277		v->metric_total += count;
 278		v->metric_other++;
 279	}
 280}
 281
 282/* used for get_ratio_color() */
 283enum grc_type {
 284	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 285	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 286	GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 287	GRC_MAX_NR
 288};
 289
 290static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 291{
 292	static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 293		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 294		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 295		[GRC_CACHE_MISSES] 	= { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 296	};
 297	const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 298
 299	if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 300		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 301	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 302		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 303	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 304		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 305
 306	return color;
 307}
 308
 309static struct evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct evlist *evsel_list,
 310						const char *name)
 311{
 312	struct evsel *c2;
 313
 314	evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 315		if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name) && !c2->collect_stat)
 316			return c2;
 317	}
 318	return NULL;
 319}
 320
 321/* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 322void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct evlist *evsel_list)
 323{
 324	struct evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 325	bool found;
 326	struct expr_parse_ctx ctx;
 327	struct hashmap_entry *cur;
 328	size_t bkt;
 329	int i;
 
 330
 331	expr__ctx_init(&ctx);
 332	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 333		bool invalid = false;
 334
 335		leader = counter->leader;
 336		if (!counter->metric_expr)
 337			continue;
 338
 339		expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 340		metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 341		if (!metric_events) {
 342			if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr,
 343					     counter->name,
 344					     &ctx, 1) < 0)
 345				continue;
 346
 347			metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct evsel *),
 348					       hashmap__size(&ctx.ids) + 1);
 349			if (!metric_events) {
 350				expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 351				return;
 352			}
 353			counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 354		}
 355
 356		i = 0;
 357		hashmap__for_each_entry((&ctx.ids), cur, bkt) {
 358			const char *metric_name = (const char *)cur->key;
 359
 360			found = false;
 361			if (leader) {
 362				/* Search in group */
 363				for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 364					if (!strcasecmp(oc->name,
 365							metric_name) &&
 366						!oc->collect_stat) {
 367						found = true;
 368						break;
 369					}
 370				}
 371			}
 372			if (!found) {
 373				/* Search ignoring groups */
 374				oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list,
 375							   metric_name);
 376			}
 377			if (!oc) {
 378				/* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 379				static char *printed;
 380
 381				/*
 382				 * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 383				 * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 384				 * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 385				 * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 386				 * events.
 387				 */
 388				if (!printed ||
 389				    strcasecmp(printed, metric_name)) {
 390					fprintf(stderr,
 391						"Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 392						metric_name,
 393						counter->name);
 394					printed = strdup(metric_name);
 395				}
 396				invalid = true;
 397				continue;
 398			}
 399			metric_events[i++] = oc;
 400			oc->collect_stat = true;
 401		}
 402		metric_events[i] = NULL;
 
 403		if (invalid) {
 404			free(metric_events);
 405			counter->metric_events = NULL;
 406			counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 407		}
 408	}
 409	expr__ctx_clear(&ctx);
 410}
 411
 412static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 413			       enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 414{
 415	struct saved_value *v;
 416
 417	v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 418	if (!v)
 419		return 0.0;
 420
 421	return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 422}
 423
 424static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 425			     enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 426{
 427	struct saved_value *v;
 428
 429	v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
 430	if (!v)
 431		return 0.0;
 432
 433	return v->stats.n;
 434}
 435
 436static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 437					  int cpu,
 438					  struct evsel *evsel, double avg,
 439					  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 440					  struct runtime_stat *st)
 441{
 442	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 443	const char *color;
 444	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 445
 446	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 447
 448	if (total)
 449		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 450
 451	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 452
 453	if (ratio)
 454		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 455				  ratio);
 456	else
 457		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 458}
 459
 460static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 461					 int cpu,
 462					 struct evsel *evsel, double avg,
 463					 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 464					 struct runtime_stat *st)
 465{
 466	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 467	const char *color;
 468	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 469
 470	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 471
 472	if (total)
 473		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 474
 475	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 476
 477	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 478}
 479
 480static void print_branch_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 481				int cpu,
 482				struct evsel *evsel,
 483				double avg,
 484				struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 485				struct runtime_stat *st)
 486{
 487	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 488	const char *color;
 489	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 490
 491	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu);
 492
 493	if (total)
 494		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 495
 496	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 497
 498	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 499}
 500
 501static void print_l1_dcache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 502				   int cpu,
 503				   struct evsel *evsel,
 504				   double avg,
 505				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 506				   struct runtime_stat *st)
 507
 508{
 509	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 510	const char *color;
 511	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 512
 513	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu);
 514
 515	if (total)
 516		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 517
 518	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 519
 520	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache accesses", ratio);
 521}
 522
 523static void print_l1_icache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 524				   int cpu,
 525				   struct evsel *evsel,
 526				   double avg,
 527				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 528				   struct runtime_stat *st)
 529
 530{
 531	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 532	const char *color;
 533	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 534
 535	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu);
 536
 537	if (total)
 538		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 539
 540	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 541	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache accesses", ratio);
 542}
 543
 544static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 545				    int cpu,
 546				    struct evsel *evsel,
 547				    double avg,
 548				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 549				    struct runtime_stat *st)
 550{
 551	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 552	const char *color;
 553	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 554
 555	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 556
 557	if (total)
 558		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 559
 560	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 561	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 562}
 563
 564static void print_itlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 565				    int cpu,
 566				    struct evsel *evsel,
 567				    double avg,
 568				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 569				    struct runtime_stat *st)
 570{
 571	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 572	const char *color;
 573	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 574
 575	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 576
 577	if (total)
 578		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 579
 580	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 581	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 582}
 583
 584static void print_ll_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 585				  int cpu,
 586				  struct evsel *evsel,
 587				  double avg,
 588				  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 589				  struct runtime_stat *st)
 590{
 591	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 592	const char *color;
 593	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 594
 595	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
 596
 597	if (total)
 598		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 599
 600	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 601	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache accesses", ratio);
 602}
 603
 604/*
 605 * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 606 *
 607 * Basic concept following
 608 * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 609 * ISPASS14
 610 *
 611 * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 612 *
 613 * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 614 * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 615 * (for example branch mispredictions)
 616 * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 617 * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 618 * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 619 *
 620 * The formulas are computed in slots.
 621 * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 622 * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 623 *
 624 * Formulas:
 625 * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 626 *			TotalSlots
 627 * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 628 * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 629 * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 630 *
 631 * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 632 * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 633 *
 634 * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 635 *
 636 * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 637 *
 638 * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 639 * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 640 *
 641 * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 642 * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 643 * support Level 1 TopDown.
 644 */
 645
 646static double sanitize_val(double x)
 647{
 648	if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 649		return 0.0;
 650	return x;
 651}
 652
 653static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 654{
 655	return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, ctx, cpu);
 656}
 657
 658static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 659{
 660	double bad_spec = 0;
 661	double total_slots;
 662	double total;
 663
 664	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, ctx, cpu) -
 665		runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, ctx, cpu) +
 666		runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, ctx, cpu);
 667
 668	total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 669	if (total_slots)
 670		bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 671	return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 672}
 673
 674static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 675{
 676	double retiring = 0;
 677	double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 678	double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 679					    ctx, cpu);
 680
 681	if (total_slots)
 682		retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 683	return retiring;
 684}
 685
 686static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 687{
 688	double fe_bound = 0;
 689	double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
 690	double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 691					    ctx, cpu);
 692
 693	if (total_slots)
 694		fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 695	return fe_bound;
 696}
 697
 698static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 699{
 700	double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st) +
 701		      td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st) +
 702		      td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st));
 703	if (sum == 0)
 704		return 0;
 705	return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 706}
 707
 708static void print_smi_cost(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 709			   int cpu, struct evsel *evsel,
 710			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 711			   struct runtime_stat *st)
 712{
 713	double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 714	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 715	const char *color = NULL;
 716
 717	smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu);
 718	aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu);
 719	cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 720
 721	if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 722		return;
 723
 724	if (smi_num)
 725		cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 726
 727	if (cost > 10)
 728		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 729	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 730	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 731}
 732
 733static int prepare_metric(struct evsel **metric_events,
 734			  struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 735			  struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx,
 736			  int cpu,
 737			  struct runtime_stat *st)
 
 
 
 
 
 738{
 739	double scale;
 
 
 
 
 740	char *n, *pn;
 741	int i, j, ret;
 742
 743	expr__ctx_init(pctx);
 
 
 744	for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 745		struct saved_value *v;
 746		struct stats *stats;
 747		u64 metric_total = 0;
 748
 749		if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
 750			stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 751			scale = 1e-9;
 752		} else {
 753			v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
 754					       STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 755			if (!v)
 756				break;
 757			stats = &v->stats;
 758			scale = 1.0;
 759
 760			if (v->metric_other)
 761				metric_total = v->metric_total;
 762		}
 763
 764		n = strdup(metric_events[i]->name);
 765		if (!n)
 766			return -ENOMEM;
 767		/*
 768		 * This display code with --no-merge adds [cpu] postfixes.
 769		 * These are not supported by the parser. Remove everything
 770		 * after the space.
 771		 */
 772		pn = strchr(n, ' ');
 773		if (pn)
 774			*pn = 0;
 775
 776		if (metric_total)
 777			expr__add_id_val(pctx, n, metric_total);
 778		else
 779			expr__add_id_val(pctx, n, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 780	}
 781
 782	for (j = 0; metric_refs && metric_refs[j].metric_name; j++) {
 783		ret = expr__add_ref(pctx, &metric_refs[j]);
 784		if (ret)
 785			return ret;
 786	}
 787
 788	return i;
 789}
 790
 791static void generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 792			   const char *metric_expr,
 793			   struct evsel **metric_events,
 794			   struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 795			   char *name,
 796			   const char *metric_name,
 797			   const char *metric_unit,
 798			   int runtime,
 799			   int cpu,
 800			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 801			   struct runtime_stat *st)
 802{
 803	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 804	struct expr_parse_ctx pctx;
 805	double ratio, scale;
 806	int i;
 807	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 808
 809	i = prepare_metric(metric_events, metric_refs, &pctx, cpu, st);
 810	if (i < 0)
 811		return;
 812
 813	if (!metric_events[i]) {
 814		if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, metric_expr, runtime) == 0) {
 815			char *unit;
 816			char metric_bf[64];
 817
 818			if (metric_unit && metric_name) {
 819				if (perf_pmu__convert_scale(metric_unit,
 820					&unit, &scale) >= 0) {
 821					ratio *= scale;
 822				}
 823				if (strstr(metric_expr, "?"))
 824					scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 825					  "%s  %s_%d", unit, metric_name, runtime);
 826				else
 827					scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 828					  "%s  %s", unit, metric_name);
 829
 830				print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 831					     metric_bf, ratio);
 832			} else {
 833				print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.2f",
 834					metric_name ?
 835					metric_name :
 836					out->force_header ?  name : "",
 837					ratio);
 838			}
 839		} else {
 840			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 841				     out->force_header ?
 842				     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 843		}
 844	} else {
 845		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 846			     out->force_header ?
 847			     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 848	}
 849
 850	expr__ctx_clear(&pctx);
 851}
 852
 853double test_generic_metric(struct metric_expr *mexp, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 854{
 855	struct expr_parse_ctx pctx;
 856	double ratio = 0.0;
 857
 858	if (prepare_metric(mexp->metric_events, mexp->metric_refs, &pctx, cpu, st) < 0)
 859		goto out;
 860
 861	if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, mexp->metric_expr, 1))
 862		ratio = 0.0;
 863
 864out:
 865	expr__ctx_clear(&pctx);
 866	return ratio;
 867}
 868
 869void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 870				   struct evsel *evsel,
 871				   double avg, int cpu,
 872				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 873				   struct rblist *metric_events,
 874				   struct runtime_stat *st)
 875{
 876	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 877	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 878	double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 879	const char *color = NULL;
 880	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 881	struct metric_event *me;
 882	int num = 1;
 883
 884	if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 885		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 886
 887		if (total) {
 888			ratio = avg / total;
 889			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 890					"insn per cycle", ratio);
 891		} else {
 892			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
 893		}
 894
 895		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 896					 ctx, cpu);
 897
 898		total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
 899						    STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 900						    ctx, cpu));
 901
 902		if (total && avg) {
 903			out->new_line(config, ctxp);
 904			ratio = total / avg;
 905			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
 906					"stalled cycles per insn",
 907					ratio);
 
 
 
 
 908		}
 909	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
 910		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 911			print_branch_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 912		else
 913			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
 914	} else if (
 915		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 916		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
 917					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 918					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 919
 920		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 921			print_l1_dcache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 922		else
 923			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache accesses", 0);
 924	} else if (
 925		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 926		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
 927					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 928					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 929
 930		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 931			print_l1_icache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 932		else
 933			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache accesses", 0);
 934	} else if (
 935		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 936		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
 937					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 938					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 939
 940		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 941			print_dtlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 942		else
 943			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache accesses", 0);
 944	} else if (
 945		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 946		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
 947					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 948					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 949
 950		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 951			print_itlb_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 952		else
 953			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache accesses", 0);
 954	} else if (
 955		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
 956		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
 957					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
 958					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
 959
 960		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 961			print_ll_cache_misses(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 962		else
 963			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache accesses", 0);
 964	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
 965		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu);
 966
 967		if (total)
 968			ratio = avg * 100 / total;
 969
 970		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu) != 0)
 971			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
 972				     "of all cache refs", ratio);
 973		else
 974			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
 975	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
 976		print_stalled_cycles_frontend(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 977	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
 978		print_stalled_cycles_backend(config, cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
 979	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
 980		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 981
 982		if (total) {
 983			ratio = avg / total;
 984			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
 985		} else {
 986			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
 987		}
 988	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
 989		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 990
 991		if (total)
 992			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL,
 993					"%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
 994					100.0 * (avg / total));
 995		else
 996			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
 997				     0);
 998	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
 999		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
1000		total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu);
1001
1002		if (total2 < avg)
1003			total2 = avg;
1004		if (total)
1005			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
1006				100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
1007		else
1008			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
1009	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
1010		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
1011					 ctx, cpu);
1012
1013		if (avg)
1014			ratio = total / avg;
1015
1016		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu) != 0)
1017			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
1018				     "cycles / transaction", ratio);
1019		else
1020			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
1021				      0);
1022	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
1023		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
1024					 ctx, cpu);
1025
1026		if (avg)
1027			ratio = total / avg;
1028
1029		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
1030	} else if (evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
1031		if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
1032			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
1033				     avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
1034		else
1035			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
1036	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
1037		double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
1038
1039		if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1040			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1041		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
1042				fe_bound * 100.);
1043	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
1044		double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st);
1045
1046		if (retiring > 0.7)
1047			color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1048		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
1049				retiring * 100.);
1050	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
1051		double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st);
1052
1053		if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1054			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1055		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1056				bad_spec * 100.);
1057	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
1058		double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
1059		const char *name = "backend bound";
1060		static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
1061
1062		/* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
1063		if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
1064			have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
1065					"topdown-recovery-bubbles");
1066		if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
1067			name = "backend bound/bad spec";
1068
1069		if (be_bound > 0.2)
1070			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1071		if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st) > 0)
1072			print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
1073					be_bound * 100.);
1074		else
1075			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
1076	} else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
1077		generic_metric(config, evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, NULL,
1078				evsel->name, evsel->metric_name, NULL, 1, cpu, out, st);
1079	} else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu) != 0) {
1080		char unit = 'M';
1081		char unit_buf[10];
1082
1083		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
1084
1085		if (total)
1086			ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
1087		if (ratio < 0.001) {
1088			ratio *= 1000;
1089			unit = 'K';
1090		}
1091		snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
1092		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
1093	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
1094		print_smi_cost(config, cpu, evsel, out, st);
1095	} else {
1096		num = 0;
1097	}
1098
1099	if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
1100		struct metric_expr *mexp;
1101
1102		list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
1103			if (num++ > 0)
1104				out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1105			generic_metric(config, mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
1106					mexp->metric_refs, evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
1107					mexp->metric_unit, mexp->runtime, cpu, out, st);
1108		}
1109	}
1110	if (num == 0)
1111		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
1112}