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v5.14.15
   1#!/usr/bin/env perl
   2# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3#
   4# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5# (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6# (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7# (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8# (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10use strict;
  11use warnings;
  12use POSIX;
  13use File::Basename;
  14use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18my $P = $0;
  19my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25my $quiet = 0;
  26my $verbose = 0;
  27my %verbose_messages = ();
  28my %verbose_emitted = ();
  29my $tree = 1;
  30my $chk_signoff = 1;
  31my $chk_patch = 1;
  32my $tst_only;
  33my $emacs = 0;
  34my $terse = 0;
  35my $showfile = 0;
  36my $file = 0;
  37my $git = 0;
  38my %git_commits = ();
  39my $check = 0;
  40my $check_orig = 0;
  41my $summary = 1;
  42my $mailback = 0;
  43my $summary_file = 0;
  44my $show_types = 0;
  45my $list_types = 0;
  46my $fix = 0;
  47my $fix_inplace = 0;
  48my $root;
  49my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
  50$gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
  51my %debug;
  52my %camelcase = ();
  53my %use_type = ();
  54my @use = ();
  55my %ignore_type = ();
  56my @ignore = ();
  57my $help = 0;
  58my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  59my $max_line_length = 100;
  60my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  61my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  62my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  63my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  64my $codespell = 0;
  65my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
 
  66my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  67my $docsfile = "$D/../Documentation/dev-tools/checkpatch.rst";
  68my $typedefsfile;
  69my $color = "auto";
  70my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  71# git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  72my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  73my $tabsize = 8;
  74my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
  75
 
 
  76sub help {
  77	my ($exitcode) = @_;
  78
  79	print << "EOM";
  80Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  81Version: $V
  82
  83Options:
  84  -q, --quiet                quiet
  85  -v, --verbose              verbose mode
  86  --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  87  --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  88  --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  89  --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  90  --terse                    one line per report
  91  --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  92  -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  93                             single git commit with:
  94                               <rev>
  95                               <rev>^
  96                               <rev>~n
  97                             multiple git commits with:
  98                               <rev1>..<rev2>
  99                               <rev1>...<rev2>
 100                               <rev>-<count>
 101                             git merges are ignored
 102  -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
 103  --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
 104  --list-types               list the possible message types
 105  --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
 106  --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
 107  --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 108  --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
 109                             if exceeded, warn on patches
 110                             requires --strict for use with --file
 111  --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 112  --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
 113  --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 114  --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 115  --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 116  --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 117  --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 118                             'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 119                             is all off)
 120  --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 121                             literally
 122  --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 123                             If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 124                             "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 125                             with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 126                             checkpatch style
 127  --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 128                             Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 129                             file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 130  --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 131                             runtime errors.
 132  --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 133                             (default:/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt)
 134  --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 135  --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 136  --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 137                             is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 138  --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
 139                             ${CONFIG_})
 140  -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 141
 142When FILE is - read standard input.
 143EOM
 144
 145	exit($exitcode);
 146}
 147
 148sub uniq {
 149	my %seen;
 150	return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 151}
 152
 153sub list_types {
 154	my ($exitcode) = @_;
 155
 156	my $count = 0;
 157
 158	local $/ = undef;
 159
 160	open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 161	    die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 162
 163	my $text = <$script>;
 164	close($script);
 165
 166	my %types = ();
 167	# Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 168	while ($text =~ /(?:(\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 169		if (defined($1)) {
 170			if (exists($types{$2})) {
 171				$types{$2} .= ",$1" if ($types{$2} ne $1);
 172			} else {
 173				$types{$2} = $1;
 174			}
 175		} else {
 176			$types{$2} = "UNDETERMINED";
 177		}
 178	}
 179
 180	print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 181	if ($color) {
 182		print(" ( Color coding: ");
 183		print(RED . "ERROR" . RESET);
 184		print(" | ");
 185		print(YELLOW . "WARNING" . RESET);
 186		print(" | ");
 187		print(GREEN . "CHECK" . RESET);
 188		print(" | ");
 189		print("Multiple levels / Undetermined");
 190		print(" )\n\n");
 191	}
 192
 193	foreach my $type (sort keys %types) {
 194		my $orig_type = $type;
 195		if ($color) {
 196			my $level = $types{$type};
 197			if ($level eq "ERROR") {
 198				$type = RED . $type . RESET;
 199			} elsif ($level eq "WARN") {
 200				$type = YELLOW . $type . RESET;
 201			} elsif ($level eq "CHK") {
 202				$type = GREEN . $type . RESET;
 203			}
 204		}
 205		print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 206		if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$orig_type})) {
 207			my $message = $verbose_messages{$orig_type};
 208			$message =~ s/\n/\n\t/g;
 209			print("\t" . $message . "\n\n");
 210		}
 211	}
 212
 213	exit($exitcode);
 214}
 215
 216my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 217if (-f $conf) {
 218	my @conf_args;
 219	open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 220	    or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 221
 222	while (<$conffile>) {
 223		my $line = $_;
 224
 225		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 226		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 227		$line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 228
 229		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 230		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 231
 232		my @words = split(" ", $line);
 233		foreach my $word (@words) {
 234			last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 235			push (@conf_args, $word);
 236		}
 237	}
 238	close($conffile);
 239	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 240}
 241
 242sub load_docs {
 243	open(my $docs, '<', "$docsfile")
 244	    or warn "$P: Can't read the documentation file $docsfile $!\n";
 245
 246	my $type = '';
 247	my $desc = '';
 248	my $in_desc = 0;
 249
 250	while (<$docs>) {
 251		chomp;
 252		my $line = $_;
 253		$line =~ s/\s+$//;
 254
 255		if ($line =~ /^\s*\*\*(.+)\*\*$/) {
 256			if ($desc ne '') {
 257				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 258			}
 259			$type = $1;
 260			$desc = '';
 261			$in_desc = 1;
 262		} elsif ($in_desc) {
 263			if ($line =~ /^(?:\s{4,}|$)/) {
 264				$line =~ s/^\s{4}//;
 265				$desc .= $line;
 266				$desc .= "\n";
 267			} else {
 268				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 269				$type = '';
 270				$desc = '';
 271				$in_desc = 0;
 272			}
 273		}
 274	}
 275
 276	if ($desc ne '') {
 277		$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 278	}
 279	close($docs);
 280}
 281
 282# Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 283# Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 284foreach (@ARGV) {
 285	if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 286		$_ = "--color=$color";
 287	}
 288}
 289
 290GetOptions(
 291	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
 292	'v|verbose!'	=> \$verbose,
 293	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
 294	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
 295	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
 296	'emacs!'	=> \$emacs,
 297	'terse!'	=> \$terse,
 298	'showfile!'	=> \$showfile,
 299	'f|file!'	=> \$file,
 300	'g|git!'	=> \$git,
 301	'subjective!'	=> \$check,
 302	'strict!'	=> \$check,
 303	'ignore=s'	=> \@ignore,
 304	'types=s'	=> \@use,
 305	'show-types!'	=> \$show_types,
 306	'list-types!'	=> \$list_types,
 307	'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 308	'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 309	'tab-size=i'	=> \$tabsize,
 310	'root=s'	=> \$root,
 311	'summary!'	=> \$summary,
 312	'mailback!'	=> \$mailback,
 313	'summary-file!'	=> \$summary_file,
 314	'fix!'		=> \$fix,
 315	'fix-inplace!'	=> \$fix_inplace,
 316	'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 317	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
 318	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
 319	'codespell!'	=> \$codespell,
 320	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$codespellfile,
 321	'typedefsfile=s'	=> \$typedefsfile,
 322	'color=s'	=> \$color,
 323	'no-color'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 324	'nocolor'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 325	'kconfig-prefix=s'	=> \${CONFIG_},
 326	'h|help'	=> \$help,
 327	'version'	=> \$help
 328) or help(1);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 329
 330help(0) if ($help);
 
 
 331
 332die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
 333die "$P: --verbose cannot be used with --terse\n" if ($verbose && $terse);
 334
 335if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 336	$color = !$color;
 337} elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 338	$color = 1;
 339} elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 340	$color = 0;
 341} elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 342	$color = (-t STDOUT);
 343} else {
 344	die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 345}
 346
 347load_docs() if ($verbose);
 348list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 349
 350$fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 351$check_orig = $check;
 352
 353my $exit = 0;
 354
 355my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 356if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 357	$perl_version_ok = 0;
 358	printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 359	exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 360}
 361
 362#if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 363if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 364	push(@ARGV, '-');
 365}
 366
 367# skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 368die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 369
 370sub hash_save_array_words {
 371	my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 372
 373	my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 374	foreach my $word (@array) {
 375		$word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 376		$word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 377		$word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 378		$word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 379
 380		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 381		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 382
 383		$hashRef->{$word}++;
 384	}
 385}
 386
 387sub hash_show_words {
 388	my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 389
 390	if (keys %$hashRef) {
 391		print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 392		foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 393			print " $word";
 394		}
 395		print "\n";
 396	}
 397}
 398
 399hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 400hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 401
 402my $dbg_values = 0;
 403my $dbg_possible = 0;
 404my $dbg_type = 0;
 405my $dbg_attr = 0;
 406for my $key (keys %debug) {
 407	## no critic
 408	eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 409	die "$@" if ($@);
 410}
 411
 412my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 413
 414if ($terse) {
 415	$emacs = 1;
 416	$quiet++;
 417}
 418
 419if ($tree) {
 420	if (defined $root) {
 421		if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 422			die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 423		}
 424	} else {
 425		if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 426			$root = '.';
 427		} elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 428						top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 429			$root = $1;
 430		}
 431	}
 432
 433	if (!defined $root) {
 434		print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 435		exit(2);
 436	}
 437}
 438
 439my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 440
 441our $Ident	= qr{
 442			[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 443			(?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 444		}x;
 445our $Storage	= qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 446our $Sparse	= qr{
 447			__user|
 448			__kernel|
 449			__force|
 450			__iomem|
 451			__must_check|
 452			__kprobes|
 453			__ref|
 454			__refconst|
 455			__refdata|
 456			__rcu|
 457			__private
 458		}x;
 459our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 460our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 461our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 462our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 463our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 464
 465# Notes to $Attribute:
 466# We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 467our $Attribute	= qr{
 468			const|
 469			volatile|
 470			__percpu|
 471			__nocast|
 472			__safe|
 473			__bitwise|
 474			__packed__|
 475			__packed2__|
 476			__naked|
 477			__maybe_unused|
 478			__always_unused|
 479			__noreturn|
 480			__used|
 481			__cold|
 482			__pure|
 483			__noclone|
 484			__deprecated|
 485			__read_mostly|
 486			__ro_after_init|
 487			__kprobes|
 488			$InitAttribute|
 
 489			____cacheline_aligned|
 490			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 491			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 492			__weak
 
 493		  }x;
 494our $Modifier;
 495our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 496our $Member	= qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 497our $Lval	= qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 498
 499our $Int_type	= qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 500our $Binary	= qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 501our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 502our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 503our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 504our $String	= qr{"[X\t]*"};
 505our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 506our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 507our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 508our $Float	= qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 509our $Constant	= qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 510our $Assignment	= qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 511our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 512our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 513our $Operators	= qr{
 514			<=|>=|==|!=|
 515			=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 516			&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 517		  }x;
 518
 519our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 520
 521our $BasicType;
 522our $NonptrType;
 523our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 524our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 525our $Type;
 526our $TypeMisordered;
 527our $Declare;
 528our $DeclareMisordered;
 529
 530our $NON_ASCII_UTF8	= qr{
 531	[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 532	|  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 533	| [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 534	|  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 535	|  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 536	| [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 537	|  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 538}x;
 539
 540our $UTF8	= qr{
 541	[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 542	| $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 543}x;
 544
 545our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 546our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 547	u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 548	u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 549)};
 550our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 551	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 552	atomic_t
 553)};
 
 
 
 554our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 555	$typeC99Typedefs\b|
 556	$typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 557	$typeKernelTypedefs\b
 
 558)};
 559
 560our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 561
 562our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 563	printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 564	(?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 565	TP_printk|
 566	WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 567	panic|
 568	MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 569	seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 570)};
 571
 572our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 573	(?:(?:devm_)?
 574		(?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_array)?(?:_node)? |
 575		kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 576		kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 577	(?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
 578				# dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 579	dma_alloc_coherent
 580)};
 581
 582our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 583	Signed-off-by:|
 584	Co-developed-by:|
 585	Acked-by:|
 586	Tested-by:|
 587	Reviewed-by:|
 588	Reported-by:|
 589	Suggested-by:|
 590	To:|
 591	Cc:
 592)};
 593
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 594our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
 595	[=-]*> |
 596	<[=-]* |
 597	\[ |
 598	\] |
 599	start |
 600	called |
 601	entered |
 602	entry |
 603	enter |
 604	in |
 605	inside |
 606	here |
 607	begin |
 608	exit |
 609	end |
 610	done |
 611	leave |
 612	completed |
 613	out |
 614	return |
 615	[\.\!:\s]*
 616)};
 617
 618sub edit_distance_min {
 619	my (@arr) = @_;
 620	my $len = scalar @arr;
 621	if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
 622		# if underflow, return
 623		return;
 624	}
 625	my $min = $arr[0];
 626	for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
 627		if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
 628			$min = $arr[$i];
 629		}
 630	}
 631	return $min;
 632}
 633
 634sub get_edit_distance {
 635	my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
 636	$str1 = lc($str1);
 637	$str2 = lc($str2);
 638	$str1 =~ s/-//g;
 639	$str2 =~ s/-//g;
 640	my $len1 = length($str1);
 641	my $len2 = length($str2);
 642	# two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
 643	my @distance;
 644	for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
 645		for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
 646			if ($i == 0) {
 647				$distance[$i][$j] = $j;
 648			} elsif ($j == 0) {
 649				$distance[$i][$j] = $i;
 650			} elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
 651				$distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
 652			} else {
 653				my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
 654				my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
 655				my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
 656				$distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
 657			}
 658		}
 659	}
 660	return $distance[$len1][$len2];
 661}
 662
 663sub find_standard_signature {
 664	my ($sign_off) = @_;
 665	my @standard_signature_tags = (
 666		'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
 667		'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
 668	);
 669	foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
 670		return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
 671	}
 672
 673	return "";
 674}
 675
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 676our @typeListMisordered = (
 677	qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 678	qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 679	qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 680	qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 681	qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 682	qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 683	qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 684	qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 685	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 686	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 687	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 688	qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 689	qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 690	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 691	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 692	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 693);
 694
 695our @typeList = (
 696	qr{void},
 697	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 698	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 699	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 700	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 701	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 702	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 703	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 704	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 705	qr{(?:un)?signed},
 706	qr{float},
 707	qr{double},
 708	qr{bool},
 709	qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 710	qr{union\s+$Ident},
 711	qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 712	qr{${Ident}_t},
 713	qr{${Ident}_handler},
 714	qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 715	@typeListMisordered,
 716);
 717
 718our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 719	long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 720	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 721	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 722	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 723	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 724	int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 725	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 726
 727	long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 728	long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 729	long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 730	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 731	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 732	int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 733	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 734
 735	int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 736	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 737)};
 738
 739our @typeListFile = ();
 740our @typeListWithAttr = (
 741	@typeList,
 742	qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 743	qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 744);
 745
 746our @modifierList = (
 747	qr{fastcall},
 748);
 749our @modifierListFile = ();
 750
 751our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 752	["module_param", 3],
 753	["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 754	["module_param_array_named", 5],
 755	["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 756	["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 757	["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 758	["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 759	["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 760	["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 761	["__ATTR", 2],
 762);
 763
 764my $word_pattern = '\b[A-Z]?[a-z]{2,}\b';
 765
 766#Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 767our $mode_perms_search = "";
 768foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 769	$mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 770	$mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 771}
 772$mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 773
 774our %deprecated_apis = (
 775	"synchronize_rcu_bh"			=> "synchronize_rcu",
 776	"synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"		=> "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 777	"call_rcu_bh"				=> "call_rcu",
 778	"rcu_barrier_bh"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 779	"synchronize_sched"			=> "synchronize_rcu",
 780	"synchronize_sched_expedited"		=> "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 781	"call_rcu_sched"			=> "call_rcu",
 782	"rcu_barrier_sched"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 783	"get_state_synchronize_sched"		=> "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 784	"cond_synchronize_sched"		=> "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 
 
 
 
 785);
 786
 787#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 788our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 789foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 790	$deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 791	$deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 792}
 793$deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 794
 795our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 796	S_IWUGO		|
 797	S_IWOTH		|
 798	S_IRWXUGO	|
 799	S_IALLUGO	|
 800	0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 801}x;
 802
 803our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 804	"S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 805	"S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 806	"S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 807	"S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 808	"S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 809	"S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 810	"S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 811	"S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 812	"S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 813	"S_IROTH" => 0004,
 814	"S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 815	"S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 816	"S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 817	"S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 818	"S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 819	"S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 820);
 821
 822#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 823our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 824foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 825	$mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 826	$mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 827}
 828our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 829our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 830	${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 831	(?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 832}x;
 833
 834sub perms_to_octal {
 835	my ($string) = @_;
 836
 837	return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 838
 839	my $val = "";
 840	my $oval = "";
 841	my $to = 0;
 842	my $curpos = 0;
 843	my $lastpos = 0;
 844	while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 845		$curpos = pos($string);
 846		my $match = $2;
 847		my $omatch = $1;
 848		last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 849		$lastpos = $curpos;
 850		$to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 851		$val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 852		$val .= $match;
 853		$oval .= $omatch;
 854	}
 855	$oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 856	$oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 857	return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 858}
 859
 860our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 861	irq|
 862	memory|
 863	time|
 864	reboot
 865)};
 866# memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 867
 868# Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 869my $misspellings;
 870my %spelling_fix;
 871
 872if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 873	while (<$spelling>) {
 874		my $line = $_;
 875
 876		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 877		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 878
 879		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 880		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 881
 882		my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 883
 884		$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 885	}
 886	close($spelling);
 887} else {
 888	warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 889}
 890
 891if ($codespell) {
 892	if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 893		while (<$spelling>) {
 894			my $line = $_;
 895
 896			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 897			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 898
 899			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 900			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 901			next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 902
 903			$line =~ s/,.*$//;
 904
 905			my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 906
 907			$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 908		}
 909		close($spelling);
 910	} else {
 911		warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 912	}
 913}
 914
 915$misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 916
 917sub read_words {
 918	my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 919
 920	if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 921		while (<$words>) {
 922			my $line = $_;
 923
 924			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 925			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 926
 927			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 928			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 929			if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 930				print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 931				next;
 932			}
 933
 934			$$wordsRef .= '|' if (defined $$wordsRef);
 935			$$wordsRef .= $line;
 936		}
 937		close($file);
 938		return 1;
 939	}
 940
 941	return 0;
 942}
 943
 944my $const_structs;
 945if (show_type("CONST_STRUCT")) {
 946	read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
 947	    or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
 948}
 949
 950if (defined($typedefsfile)) {
 951	my $typeOtherTypedefs;
 952	read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
 953	    or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
 954	$typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if (defined $typeOtherTypedefs);
 955}
 956
 957sub build_types {
 958	my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
 959	my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
 960	my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
 961	my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
 962	$Modifier	= qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
 963	$BasicType	= qr{
 964				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 965				(?:${all}\b)
 966		}x;
 967	$NonptrType	= qr{
 968			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 969			(?:
 970				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 971				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 972				(?:${all}\b)
 973			)
 974			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 975		  }x;
 976	$NonptrTypeMisordered	= qr{
 977			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 978			(?:
 979				(?:${Misordered}\b)
 980			)
 981			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 982		  }x;
 983	$NonptrTypeWithAttr	= qr{
 984			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
 985			(?:
 986				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
 987				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
 988				(?:${allWithAttr}\b)
 989			)
 990			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
 991		  }x;
 992	$Type	= qr{
 993			$NonptrType
 994			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
 995			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
 996		  }x;
 997	$TypeMisordered	= qr{
 998			$NonptrTypeMisordered
 999			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1000			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1001		  }x;
1002	$Declare	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
1003	$DeclareMisordered	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
1004}
1005build_types();
1006
1007our $Typecast	= qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
1008
1009# Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
1010# requires at least perl version v5.10.0
1011# Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
1012
1013our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
1014our $LvalOrFunc	= qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
1015our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
1016
1017our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
1018	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
1019	(?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
1020	(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(
 
1021)};
1022
1023our %allow_repeated_words = (
1024	add => '',
1025	added => '',
1026	bad => '',
1027	be => '',
1028);
1029
1030sub deparenthesize {
1031	my ($string) = @_;
1032	return "" if (!defined($string));
1033
1034	while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
1035		$string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
1036		$string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
1037	}
1038
1039	$string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
1040
1041	return $string;
1042}
1043
1044sub seed_camelcase_file {
1045	my ($file) = @_;
1046
1047	return if (!(-f $file));
1048
1049	local $/;
1050
1051	open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
1052	    or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
1053	my $text = <$include_file>;
1054	close($include_file);
1055
1056	my @lines = split('\n', $text);
1057
1058	foreach my $line (@lines) {
1059		next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
1060		if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
1061			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1062		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
1063			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1064		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
1065			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1066		}
1067	}
1068}
1069
1070our %maintained_status = ();
1071
1072sub is_maintained_obsolete {
1073	my ($filename) = @_;
1074
1075	return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
1076
1077	if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
1078		$maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
1079	}
1080
1081	return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
1082}
1083
1084sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
1085	my ($license) = @_;
1086
1087	return 1 if (!$tree || which("python3") eq "" || !(-x "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1088
1089	my $root_path = abs_path($root);
1090	my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
1091	return 0 if ($status ne "");
1092	return 1;
1093}
1094
1095my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
1096sub seed_camelcase_includes {
1097	return if ($camelcase_seeded);
1098
1099	my $files;
1100	my $camelcase_cache = "";
1101	my @include_files = ();
1102
1103	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
1104
1105	if (-e "$gitroot") {
1106		my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
1107		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
1108		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
1109	} else {
1110		my $last_mod_date = 0;
1111		$files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
1112		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
1113		foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1114			my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
1115						   localtime((stat $file)[9]));
1116			$last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
1117		}
1118		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
1119	}
1120
1121	if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
1122		open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
1123		    or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1124		while (<$camelcase_file>) {
1125			chomp;
1126			$camelcase{$_} = 1;
1127		}
1128		close($camelcase_file);
1129
1130		return;
1131	}
1132
1133	if (-e "$gitroot") {
1134		$files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
1135		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
1136	}
1137
1138	foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1139		seed_camelcase_file($file);
1140	}
1141
1142	if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
1143		unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
1144		open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
1145		    or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1146		foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
1147			print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
1148		}
1149		close($camelcase_file);
1150	}
1151}
1152
1153sub git_is_single_file {
1154	my ($filename) = @_;
1155
1156	return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1157
1158	my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
1159	my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
1160	return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
1161}
1162
1163sub git_commit_info {
1164	my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
1165
1166	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1167
1168	my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
1169	$output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
1170	my @lines = split("\n", $output);
1171
1172	return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
1173
1174	if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
1175# Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
1176# all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
1177#
1178#		echo "checking commits $1..."
1179#		git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
1180#		while read line ; do
1181#		    git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
1182#		    echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
1183#		done
1184	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./) {
 
1185		$id = undef;
1186	} else {
1187		$id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
1188		$desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
1189	}
1190
1191	return ($id, $desc);
1192}
1193
1194$chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
1195
1196my @rawlines = ();
1197my @lines = ();
1198my @fixed = ();
1199my @fixed_inserted = ();
1200my @fixed_deleted = ();
1201my $fixlinenr = -1;
1202
1203# If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1204# For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1205die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
1206
1207if ($git) {
1208	my @commits = ();
1209	foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1210		my $git_range;
1211		if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1212			$git_range = "-$2 $1";
1213		} elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1214			$git_range = "$commit_expr";
1215		} else {
1216			$git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1217		}
1218		my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1219		foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1220			$line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1221			next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1222			my $sha1 = $1;
1223			my $subject = $2;
1224			unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1225			$git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1226		}
1227	}
1228	die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1229	@ARGV = @commits;
1230}
1231
1232my $vname;
1233$allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1234for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1235	my $FILE;
1236	my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
1237	my $oldfile = $file;
1238	$file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
1239	if ($git) {
1240		open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1241			die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1242	} elsif ($file) {
1243		open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1244			die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1245	} elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1246		open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1247	} else {
1248		open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1249			die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1250	}
1251	if ($filename eq '-') {
1252		$vname = 'Your patch';
1253	} elsif ($git) {
1254		$vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1255	} else {
1256		$vname = $filename;
1257	}
1258	while (<$FILE>) {
1259		chomp;
1260		push(@rawlines, $_);
1261		$vname = qq("$1") if ($filename eq '-' && $_ =~ m/^Subject:\s+(.+)/i);
1262	}
1263	close($FILE);
1264
1265	if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1266		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1267		print "$vname\n";
1268		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1269	}
1270
1271	if (!process($filename)) {
1272		$exit = 1;
1273	}
1274	@rawlines = ();
1275	@lines = ();
1276	@fixed = ();
1277	@fixed_inserted = ();
1278	@fixed_deleted = ();
1279	$fixlinenr = -1;
1280	@modifierListFile = ();
1281	@typeListFile = ();
1282	build_types();
1283	$file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
1284}
1285
1286if (!$quiet) {
1287	hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1288	hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1289
1290	if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1291		print << "EOM"
1292
1293NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1294      An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1295EOM
1296	}
1297	if ($exit) {
1298		print << "EOM"
1299
1300NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1301      them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1302EOM
1303	}
1304}
1305
1306exit($exit);
1307
1308sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1309	my ($root) = @_;
1310
1311	my @tree_check = (
1312		"COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1313		"README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1314		"fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1315	);
1316
1317	foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1318		if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1319			return 0;
1320		}
1321	}
1322	return 1;
1323}
1324
1325sub parse_email {
1326	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1327
1328	my $name = "";
1329	my $quoted = "";
1330	my $name_comment = "";
1331	my $address = "";
1332	my $comment = "";
1333
1334	if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1335		$name = $1;
1336		$address = $2;
1337		$comment = $3 if defined $3;
1338	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1339		$address = $1;
1340		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1341	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1342		$address = $1;
1343		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1344		$formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1345		$name = $formatted_email;
1346		$name = trim($name);
1347		$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1348		# If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1349		# leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1350		# leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1351		# is invalid. ie:
1352		#   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1353		#   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1354		if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1355			$name = "";
1356			$address = "";
1357			$comment = "";
1358		}
1359	}
1360
1361	# Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
1362	# "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
1363	if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
1364		$quoted = $1;
1365	}
1366	while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
1367		$name_comment .= trim($1);
1368	}
1369	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1370	$name = trim("$quoted $name");
1371
1372	$address = trim($address);
1373	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1374	$comment = trim($comment);
1375
1376	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1377		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1378		$name = "\"$name\"";
1379	}
1380
1381	return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1382}
1383
1384sub format_email {
1385	my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
1386
1387	my $formatted_email;
1388
1389	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1390	$address = trim($address);
1391	$address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
1392
1393	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1394		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1395		$name = "\"$name\"";
1396	}
1397
1398	$name_comment = trim($name_comment);
1399	$name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
1400	$comment = trim($comment);
1401	$comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
1402
1403	if ("$name" eq "") {
1404		$formatted_email = "$address";
1405	} else {
1406		$formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
1407	}
1408	$formatted_email .= "$comment";
1409	return $formatted_email;
1410}
1411
1412sub reformat_email {
1413	my ($email) = @_;
1414
1415	my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1416	return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
1417}
1418
1419sub same_email_addresses {
1420	my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1421
1422	my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1423	my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1424
1425	return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1426	       $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
1427	       $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
1428	       $comment1 eq $comment2;
1429}
1430
1431sub which {
1432	my ($bin) = @_;
1433
1434	foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1435		if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1436			return "$path/$bin";
1437		}
1438	}
1439
1440	return "";
1441}
1442
1443sub which_conf {
1444	my ($conf) = @_;
1445
1446	foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1447		if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1448			return "$path/$conf";
1449		}
1450	}
1451
1452	return "";
1453}
1454
1455sub expand_tabs {
1456	my ($str) = @_;
1457
1458	my $res = '';
1459	my $n = 0;
1460	for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1461		if ($c eq "\t") {
1462			$res .= ' ';
1463			$n++;
1464			for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1465				$res .= ' ';
1466			}
1467			next;
1468		}
1469		$res .= $c;
1470		$n++;
1471	}
1472
1473	return $res;
1474}
1475sub copy_spacing {
1476	(my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1477	return $res;
1478}
1479
1480sub line_stats {
1481	my ($line) = @_;
1482
1483	# Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1484	$line =~ s/^.//;
1485	$line = expand_tabs($line);
1486
1487	# Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1488	my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1489
1490	return (length($line), length($white));
1491}
1492
1493my $sanitise_quote = '';
1494
1495sub sanitise_line_reset {
1496	my ($in_comment) = @_;
1497
1498	if ($in_comment) {
1499		$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1500	} else {
1501		$sanitise_quote = '';
1502	}
1503}
1504sub sanitise_line {
1505	my ($line) = @_;
1506
1507	my $res = '';
1508	my $l = '';
1509
1510	my $qlen = 0;
1511	my $off = 0;
1512	my $c;
1513
1514	# Always copy over the diff marker.
1515	$res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1516
1517	for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1518		$c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1519
1520		# Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1521		# and end, all to $;.
1522		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1523			$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1524
1525			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1526			$off++;
1527			next;
1528		}
1529		if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1530			$sanitise_quote = '';
1531			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1532			$off++;
1533			next;
1534		}
1535		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1536			$sanitise_quote = '//';
1537
1538			substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1539			$off++;
1540			next;
1541		}
1542
1543		# A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1544		if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1545		    $c eq "\\") {
1546			substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1547			$off++;
1548			next;
1549		}
1550		# Regular quotes.
1551		if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1552			if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1553				$sanitise_quote = $c;
1554
1555				substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1556				next;
1557			} elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1558				$sanitise_quote = '';
1559			}
1560		}
1561
1562		#print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1563		if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1564			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1565		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1566			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1567		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1568			substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1569		} else {
1570			substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1571		}
1572	}
1573
1574	if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1575		$sanitise_quote = '';
1576	}
1577
1578	# The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1579	if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1580		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1581		$res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1582
1583	# The whole of a #error is a string.
1584	} elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1585		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1586		$res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1587	}
1588
1589	if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1590		my $match = $1;
1591		$res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1592	}
1593
1594	return $res;
1595}
1596
1597sub get_quoted_string {
1598	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1599
1600	return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1601	return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1602	return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1603}
1604
1605sub ctx_statement_block {
1606	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1607	my $line = $linenr - 1;
1608	my $blk = '';
1609	my $soff = $off;
1610	my $coff = $off - 1;
1611	my $coff_set = 0;
1612
1613	my $loff = 0;
1614
1615	my $type = '';
1616	my $level = 0;
1617	my @stack = ();
1618	my $p;
1619	my $c;
1620	my $len = 0;
1621
1622	my $remainder;
1623	while (1) {
1624		@stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1625
1626		#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1627		# If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1628		# context.
1629		if ($off >= $len) {
1630			for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1631				last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1632				next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1633				$remain--;
1634				$loff = $len;
1635				$blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1636				$len = length($blk);
1637				$line++;
1638				last;
1639			}
1640			# Bail if there is no further context.
1641			#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1642			if ($off >= $len) {
1643				last;
1644			}
1645			if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1646				$level++;
1647				$type = '#';
1648			}
1649		}
1650		$p = $c;
1651		$c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1652		$remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1653
1654		#warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1655
1656		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1657		if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1658			push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1659		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1660			($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1661		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1662			($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1663		}
1664
1665		# Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1666		# outermost level.
1667		if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1668			last;
1669		}
1670
1671		# An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1672		if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1673				(!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1674				$remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1675				$remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1676			$coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1677			$coff_set = 1;
1678			#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1679			#warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1680		}
1681
1682		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1683			$level++;
1684			$type = '(';
1685		}
1686		if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1687			$level--;
1688			$type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1689
1690			if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1691				$coff = $off;
1692				$coff_set = 1;
1693				#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1694			}
1695		}
1696		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1697			$level++;
1698			$type = '{';
1699		}
1700		if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1701			$level--;
1702			$type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1703
1704			if ($level == 0) {
1705				if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1706					$off++;
1707				}
1708				last;
1709			}
1710		}
1711		# Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1712		if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1713			$level--;
1714			$type = '';
1715			$off++;
1716			last;
1717		}
1718		$off++;
1719	}
1720	# We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1721	if ($off == $len) {
1722		$loff = $len + 1;
1723		$line++;
1724		$remain--;
1725	}
1726
1727	my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1728	my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1729
1730	#warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1731	#warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1732
1733	#print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1734
1735	return ($statement, $condition,
1736			$line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1737}
1738
1739sub statement_lines {
1740	my ($stmt) = @_;
1741
1742	# Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1743	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1744	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1745	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1746
1747	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1748
1749	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1750}
1751
1752sub statement_rawlines {
1753	my ($stmt) = @_;
1754
1755	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1756
1757	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1758}
1759
1760sub statement_block_size {
1761	my ($stmt) = @_;
1762
1763	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1764	$stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1765	$stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1766	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1767	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1768
1769	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1770	my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1771
1772	my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1773	my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1774
1775	if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1776		return $stmt_lines;
1777	} else {
1778		return $stmt_statements;
1779	}
1780}
1781
1782sub ctx_statement_full {
1783	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1784	my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1785
1786	my (@chunks);
1787
1788	# Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1789	($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1790				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1791	#print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1792	push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1793	if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1794		return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1795	}
1796
1797	# Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1798	# could continue the statement.
1799	for (;;) {
1800		($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1801				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1802		#print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1803		last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1804		#print "C: push\n";
1805		push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1806	}
1807
1808	return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1809}
1810
1811sub ctx_block_get {
1812	my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1813	my $line;
1814	my $start = $linenr - 1;
1815	my $blk = '';
1816	my @o;
1817	my @c;
1818	my @res = ();
1819
1820	my $level = 0;
1821	my @stack = ($level);
1822	for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1823		next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1824		$remain--;
1825
1826		$blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1827
1828		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1829		if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1830			push(@stack, $level);
1831		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1832			$level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1833		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1834			$level = pop(@stack);
1835		}
1836
1837		foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1838			##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1839			if ($off > 0) {
1840				$off--;
1841				next;
1842			}
1843
1844			if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1845				$level--;
1846				last if ($level == 0);
1847			} elsif ($c eq $open) {
1848				$level++;
1849			}
1850		}
1851
1852		if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1853			push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1854		}
1855
1856		last if ($level == 0);
1857	}
1858
1859	return ($level, @res);
1860}
1861sub ctx_block_outer {
1862	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1863
1864	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1865	return @r;
1866}
1867sub ctx_block {
1868	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1869
1870	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1871	return @r;
1872}
1873sub ctx_statement {
1874	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1875
1876	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1877	return @r;
1878}
1879sub ctx_block_level {
1880	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1881
1882	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1883}
1884sub ctx_statement_level {
1885	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1886
1887	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1888}
1889
1890sub ctx_locate_comment {
1891	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1892
1893	# If c99 comment on the current line, or the line before or after
1894	my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@^\+.*(//.*$)@);
1895	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1896	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 2] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1897	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1898	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1899	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1900
1901	# Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1902	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1903	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1904
1905	# Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1906	# comment.
1907	my $in_comment = 0;
1908	$current_comment = '';
1909	for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1910		my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1911		#warn "           $line\n";
1912		if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1913			$in_comment = 1;
1914		}
1915		if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1916			$in_comment = 1;
1917		}
1918		if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1919			$current_comment = '';
1920		}
1921		$current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1922		if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1923			$in_comment = 0;
1924		}
1925	}
1926
1927	chomp($current_comment);
1928	return($current_comment);
1929}
1930sub ctx_has_comment {
1931	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1932	my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1933
1934	##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
1935	##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
1936
1937	return ($cmt ne '');
1938}
1939
1940sub raw_line {
1941	my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
1942
1943	my $offset = $linenr - 1;
1944	$cnt++;
1945
1946	my $line;
1947	while ($cnt) {
1948		$line = $rawlines[$offset++];
1949		next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
1950		$cnt--;
1951	}
1952
1953	return $line;
1954}
1955
1956sub get_stat_real {
1957	my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
1958
1959	my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
1960	for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
1961		$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
1962	}
1963
1964	return $stat_real;
1965}
1966
1967sub get_stat_here {
1968	my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
1969
1970	my $herectx = $here . "\n";
1971	for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
1972		$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
1973	}
1974
1975	return $herectx;
1976}
1977
1978sub cat_vet {
1979	my ($vet) = @_;
1980	my ($res, $coded);
1981
1982	$res = '';
1983	while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
1984		$res .= $1;
1985		if ($2 ne '') {
1986			$coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
1987			$res .= $coded;
1988		}
1989	}
1990	$res =~ s/$/\$/;
1991
1992	return $res;
1993}
1994
1995my $av_preprocessor = 0;
1996my $av_pending;
1997my @av_paren_type;
1998my $av_pend_colon;
1999
2000sub annotate_reset {
2001	$av_preprocessor = 0;
2002	$av_pending = '_';
2003	@av_paren_type = ('E');
2004	$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2005}
2006
2007sub annotate_values {
2008	my ($stream, $type) = @_;
2009
2010	my $res;
2011	my $var = '_' x length($stream);
2012	my $cur = $stream;
2013
2014	print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2015
2016	while (length($cur)) {
2017		@av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
2018		print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
2019				"> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2020		if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
2021			print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2022			if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
2023				$type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2024				$av_preprocessor = 0;
2025			}
2026
2027		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
2028			print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2029			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2030			$type = 'c';
2031
2032		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
2033			print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2034			$type = 'T';
2035
2036		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
2037			print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2038			$type = 'T';
2039
2040		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
2041			print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2042			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2043			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2044			if ($2 ne '') {
2045				$av_pending = 'N';
2046			}
2047			$type = 'E';
2048
2049		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
2050			print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2051			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2052			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2053
2054		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
2055			print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2056			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2057
2058			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2059			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2060			$type = 'E';
2061
2062		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
2063			print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2064			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2065
2066			push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
2067
2068			$type = 'E';
2069
2070		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
2071			print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2072
2073			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2074
2075			# Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
2076			# one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
2077			pop(@av_paren_type);
2078			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2079			$type = 'E';
2080
2081		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
2082			print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2083
2084		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
2085			print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2086			$av_pending = $type;
2087			$type = 'N';
2088
2089		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
2090			print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2091			if (defined $2) {
2092				$av_pending = 'V';
2093			}
2094			$type = 'N';
2095
2096		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
2097			print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2098			$av_pending = 'E';
2099			$type = 'N';
2100
2101		} elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
2102			print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2103			$av_pend_colon = 'C';
2104			$type = 'N';
2105
2106		} elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
2107			print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2108			$type = 'N';
2109
2110		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
2111			print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2112			push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
2113			$av_pending = '_';
2114			$type = 'N';
2115
2116		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
2117			my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2118			if ($new_type ne '_') {
2119				$type = $new_type;
2120				print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
2121							if ($dbg_values > 1);
2122			} else {
2123				print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2124			}
2125
2126		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
2127			print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2128			$type = 'V';
2129			$av_pending = 'V';
2130
2131		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
2132			if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
2133				$av_pend_colon = 'B';
2134			} elsif ($type eq 'E') {
2135				$av_pend_colon = 'L';
2136			}
2137			print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2138			$type = 'V';
2139
2140		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
2141			print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2142			$type = 'V';
2143
2144		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
2145			print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2146			$type = 'N';
2147
2148		} elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
2149			print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2150			$type = 'E';
2151			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2152
2153		} elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
2154			print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2155			$type = 'C';
2156
2157		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
2158			print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2159			$type = 'N';
2160
2161		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
2162			print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2163
2164			substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
2165			if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
2166				$type = 'E';
2167			} else {
2168				$type = 'N';
2169			}
2170			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2171
2172		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
2173			print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2174			$type = 'N';
2175
2176		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
2177			my $variant;
2178
2179			print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2180			if ($type eq 'V') {
2181				$variant = 'B';
2182			} else {
2183				$variant = 'U';
2184			}
2185
2186			substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
2187			$type = 'N';
2188
2189		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
2190			print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2191			if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
2192				$type = 'N';
2193			}
2194
2195		} elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
2196			print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2197		}
2198		if (defined $1) {
2199			$cur = substr($cur, length($1));
2200			$res .= $type x length($1);
2201		}
2202	}
2203
2204	return ($res, $var);
2205}
2206
2207sub possible {
2208	my ($possible, $line) = @_;
2209	my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
2210		^(?:
2211			$Modifier|
2212			$Storage|
2213			$Type|
2214			DEFINE_\S+
2215		)$|
2216		^(?:
2217			goto|
2218			return|
2219			case|
2220			else|
2221			asm|__asm__|
2222			do|
2223			\#|
2224			\#\#|
2225		)(?:\s|$)|
2226		^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2227	    )}x;
2228	warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2229	if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2230		# Check for modifiers.
2231		$possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2232		$possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2233		if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2234
2235		} elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2236			$possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2237			for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2238				if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2239					warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2240					push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2241				}
2242			}
2243
2244		} else {
2245			warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2246			push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2247		}
2248		build_types();
2249	} else {
2250		warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2251	}
2252}
2253
2254my $prefix = '';
2255
2256sub show_type {
2257	my ($type) = @_;
2258
2259	$type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2260
2261	return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2262
2263	return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2264}
2265
2266sub report {
2267	my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2268
2269	if (!show_type($type) ||
2270	    (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2271		return 0;
2272	}
2273	my $output = '';
2274	if ($color) {
2275		if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2276			$output .= RED;
2277		} elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2278			$output .= YELLOW;
2279		} else {
2280			$output .= GREEN;
2281		}
2282	}
2283	$output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2284	if ($show_types) {
2285		$output .= BLUE if ($color);
2286		$output .= "$type:";
2287	}
2288	$output .= RESET if ($color);
2289	$output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2290
2291	if ($showfile) {
2292		my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2293		splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2294		$output = join("\n", @lines);
2295	}
2296
2297	if ($terse) {
2298		$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n";
2299	}
2300
2301	if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$type}) &&
2302	    !exists($verbose_emitted{$type})) {
2303		$output .= $verbose_messages{$type} . "\n\n";
2304		$verbose_emitted{$type} = 1;
2305	}
2306
2307	push(our @report, $output);
2308
2309	return 1;
2310}
2311
2312sub report_dump {
2313	our @report;
2314}
2315
2316sub fixup_current_range {
2317	my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2318
2319	if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2320		my $o = $1;
2321		my $l = $2;
2322		my $no = $o + $offset;
2323		my $nl = $l + $length;
2324		$$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2325	}
2326}
2327
2328sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2329	my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2330
2331	my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2332	my $delta_offset = 0;
2333
2334	my $old_linenr = 0;
2335	my $new_linenr = 0;
2336
2337	my $next_insert = 0;
2338	my $next_delete = 0;
2339
2340	my @lines = ();
2341
2342	my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2343	my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2344
2345	foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2346		my $save_line = 1;
2347		my $line = $old_line;	#don't modify the array
2348		if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {	#new filename
2349			$delta_offset = 0;
2350		} elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {	#new hunk
2351			$range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2352			fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2353		}
2354
2355		while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2356			$deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2357			$save_line = 0;
2358			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2359		}
2360
2361		while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2362			push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2363			$inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2364			$new_linenr++;
2365			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2366		}
2367
2368		if ($save_line) {
2369			push(@lines, $line);
2370			$new_linenr++;
2371		}
2372
2373		$old_linenr++;
2374	}
2375
2376	return @lines;
2377}
2378
2379sub fix_insert_line {
2380	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2381
2382	my $inserted = {
2383		LINENR => $linenr,
2384		LINE => $line,
2385	};
2386	push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2387}
2388
2389sub fix_delete_line {
2390	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2391
2392	my $deleted = {
2393		LINENR => $linenr,
2394		LINE => $line,
2395	};
2396
2397	push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2398}
2399
2400sub ERROR {
2401	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2402
2403	if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2404		our $clean = 0;
2405		our $cnt_error++;
2406		return 1;
2407	}
2408	return 0;
2409}
2410sub WARN {
2411	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2412
2413	if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2414		our $clean = 0;
2415		our $cnt_warn++;
2416		return 1;
2417	}
2418	return 0;
2419}
2420sub CHK {
2421	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2422
2423	if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2424		our $clean = 0;
2425		our $cnt_chk++;
2426		return 1;
2427	}
2428	return 0;
2429}
2430
2431sub check_absolute_file {
2432	my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2433	my $file = $absolute;
2434
2435	##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2436
2437	# See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2438	while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2439		if (-f "$root/$file") {
2440			##print "file<$file>\n";
2441			last;
2442		}
2443	}
2444	if (! -f _)  {
2445		return 0;
2446	}
2447
2448	# It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2449	my $prefix = $absolute;
2450	substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2451
2452	##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2453	if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2454		WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2455		     "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2456	}
2457}
2458
2459sub trim {
2460	my ($string) = @_;
2461
2462	$string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2463
2464	return $string;
2465}
2466
2467sub ltrim {
2468	my ($string) = @_;
2469
2470	$string =~ s/^\s+//;
2471
2472	return $string;
2473}
2474
2475sub rtrim {
2476	my ($string) = @_;
2477
2478	$string =~ s/\s+$//;
2479
2480	return $string;
2481}
2482
2483sub string_find_replace {
2484	my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2485
2486	$string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2487
2488	return $string;
2489}
2490
2491sub tabify {
2492	my ($leading) = @_;
2493
2494	my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2495	my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2496	my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2497
2498	#convert leading spaces to tabs
2499	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2500	#Remove spaces before a tab
2501	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2502
2503	return "$leading";
2504}
2505
2506sub pos_last_openparen {
2507	my ($line) = @_;
2508
2509	my $pos = 0;
2510
2511	my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2512	my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2513
2514	my $last_openparen = 0;
2515
2516	if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2517		return -1;
2518	}
2519
2520	my $len = length($line);
2521
2522	for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2523		my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2524		if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2525			$pos += length($1) - 1;
2526		} elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2527			$last_openparen = $pos;
2528		} elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2529			last;
2530		}
2531	}
2532
2533	return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2534}
2535
2536sub get_raw_comment {
2537	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2538	my $comment = '';
2539
2540	for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2541		if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2542			$comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2543		}
2544	}
2545
2546	return $comment;
2547}
2548
2549sub exclude_global_initialisers {
2550	my ($realfile) = @_;
2551
2552	# Do not check for BPF programs (tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/*.c, samples/bpf/*_kern.c, *.bpf.c).
2553	return $realfile =~ m@^tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/.*\.c$@ ||
2554		$realfile =~ m@^samples/bpf/.*_kern\.c$@ ||
2555		$realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
2556}
2557
2558sub process {
2559	my $filename = shift;
2560
2561	my $linenr=0;
2562	my $prevline="";
2563	my $prevrawline="";
2564	my $stashline="";
2565	my $stashrawline="";
2566
2567	my $length;
2568	my $indent;
2569	my $previndent=0;
2570	my $stashindent=0;
2571
2572	our $clean = 1;
2573	my $signoff = 0;
2574	my $author = '';
2575	my $authorsignoff = 0;
2576	my $author_sob = '';
2577	my $is_patch = 0;
2578	my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2579	my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2580	my $in_commit_log = 0;		#Scanning lines before patch
2581	my $has_patch_separator = 0;	#Found a --- line
2582	my $has_commit_log = 0;		#Encountered lines before patch
2583	my $commit_log_lines = 0;	#Number of commit log lines
2584	my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2585	my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2586	my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2587	my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2588	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2589
 
 
2590	my $last_blank_line = 0;
2591	my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2592
2593	our @report = ();
2594	our $cnt_lines = 0;
2595	our $cnt_error = 0;
2596	our $cnt_warn = 0;
2597	our $cnt_chk = 0;
2598
2599	# Trace the real file/line as we go.
2600	my $realfile = '';
2601	my $realline = 0;
2602	my $realcnt = 0;
2603	my $here = '';
2604	my $context_function;		#undef'd unless there's a known function
2605	my $in_comment = 0;
2606	my $comment_edge = 0;
2607	my $first_line = 0;
2608	my $p1_prefix = '';
2609
2610	my $prev_values = 'E';
2611
2612	# suppression flags
2613	my %suppress_ifbraces;
2614	my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2615	my %suppress_export;
2616	my $suppress_statement = 0;
2617
2618	my %signatures = ();
2619
2620	# Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2621	# Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2622	#
2623	my @setup_docs = ();
2624	my $setup_docs = 0;
2625
2626	my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2627
2628	my $checklicenseline = 1;
2629
2630	sanitise_line_reset();
2631	my $line;
2632	foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2633		$linenr++;
2634		$line = $rawline;
2635
2636		push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2637
2638		if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2639			$setup_docs = 0;
2640			if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2641				$setup_docs = 1;
2642			}
2643			#next;
2644		}
2645		if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2646			$realline=$1-1;
2647			if (defined $2) {
2648				$realcnt=$3+1;
2649			} else {
2650				$realcnt=1+1;
2651			}
2652			$in_comment = 0;
2653
2654			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2655			# the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2656			# edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2657			# at context start.
2658			my $edge;
2659			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2660			for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2661				next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2662					 $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2663				$cnt--;
2664				#print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2665				last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2666				if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2667				    $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2668					($edge) = $1;
2669					last;
2670				}
2671			}
2672			if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2673				$in_comment = 1;
2674			}
2675
2676			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2677			# is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2678			# ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2679			if (!defined $edge &&
2680			    $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2681			{
2682				$in_comment = 1;
2683			}
2684
2685			##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2686			sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2687
2688		} elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2689			# Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2690			# simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2691			$line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2692		}
2693		push(@lines, $line);
2694
2695		if ($realcnt > 1) {
2696			$realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2697		} else {
2698			$realcnt = 0;
2699		}
2700
2701		#print "==>$rawline\n";
2702		#print "-->$line\n";
2703
2704		if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2705			push(@setup_docs, $line);
2706		}
2707	}
2708
2709	$prefix = '';
2710
2711	$realcnt = 0;
2712	$linenr = 0;
2713	$fixlinenr = -1;
2714	foreach my $line (@lines) {
2715		$linenr++;
2716		$fixlinenr++;
2717		my $sline = $line;	#copy of $line
2718		$sline =~ s/$;/ /g;	#with comments as spaces
2719
2720		my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2721		my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2722
2723# check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2724		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2725		    ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2726		    ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2727		     $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2728			$is_patch = 1;
2729		}
2730
2731#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2732		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2733		    $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2734			my $context = $4;
2735			$is_patch = 1;
2736			$first_line = $linenr + 1;
2737			$realline=$1-1;
2738			if (defined $2) {
2739				$realcnt=$3+1;
2740			} else {
2741				$realcnt=1+1;
2742			}
2743			annotate_reset();
2744			$prev_values = 'E';
2745
2746			%suppress_ifbraces = ();
2747			%suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2748			%suppress_export = ();
2749			$suppress_statement = 0;
2750			if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2751				$context_function = $1;
2752			} else {
2753				undef $context_function;
2754			}
2755			next;
2756
2757# track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2758# new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2759# blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2760		} elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2761			$realline++;
2762			$realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2763
2764			# Measure the line length and indent.
2765			($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2766
2767			# Track the previous line.
2768			($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2769			($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2770			($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2771
2772			#warn "line<$line>\n";
2773
2774		} elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2775			$realcnt--;
2776		}
2777
2778		my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2779
2780		$here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2781		$here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2782
2783		my $found_file = 0;
2784		# extract the filename as it passes
2785		if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2786			$realfile = $1;
2787			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2788			$in_commit_log = 0;
2789			$found_file = 1;
2790		} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2791			$realfile = $1;
2792			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2793			$in_commit_log = 0;
2794
2795			$p1_prefix = $1;
2796			if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2797			    -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2798				WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2799				     "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2800			}
2801
2802			if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2803				ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2804				      "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2805			}
2806			$found_file = 1;
2807		}
2808
2809#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2810		if ($showfile) {
2811			$prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2812		} elsif ($emacs) {
2813			if ($file) {
2814				$prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2815			} else {
2816				$prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2817			}
2818		}
2819
2820		if ($found_file) {
2821			if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2822				WARN("OBSOLETE",
2823				     "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2824			}
2825			if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2826				$check = 1;
2827			} else {
2828				$check = $check_orig;
2829			}
2830			$checklicenseline = 1;
2831
2832			if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2833				my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2834
2835				$is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2836
2837				if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2838				    ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2839					WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2840					     "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst\n");
2841				}
2842			}
2843
2844			next;
2845		}
2846
2847		$here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2848
2849		my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2850		my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2851		my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2852
2853		$cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2854
2855# Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2856# 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2857		if ($in_commit_log) {
2858			if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2859				$commit_log_lines++;	#could be a $signature
2860			}
2861		} elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2862			WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2863			     "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2864			$commit_log_lines = 2;	#warn only once
2865		}
2866
2867# Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2868		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2869		    (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)@ &&
2870		      $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2871		     $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2872		     $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2873			ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2874			      "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2875			$commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2876		}
2877
2878# Check for incorrect file permissions
2879		if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2880			my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2881			if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2882			    $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2883				ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2884				      "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2885			}
2886		}
2887
2888# Check the patch for a From:
2889		if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2890			$author = $1;
2891			my $curline = $linenr;
2892			while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
2893				$author .= $1;
2894			}
2895			$author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2896			$author =~ s/"//g;
2897			$author = reformat_email($author);
2898		}
2899
2900# Check the patch for a signoff:
2901		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2902			$signoff++;
2903			$in_commit_log = 0;
2904			if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
2905				if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
2906					$authorsignoff = 1;
2907				} else {
2908					my $ctx = $1;
2909					my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
2910					my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
2911
2912					if ($email_address eq $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
2913						$author_sob = $ctx;
2914						$authorsignoff = 2;
2915					} elsif ($email_address eq $author_address) {
2916						$author_sob = $ctx;
2917						$authorsignoff = 3;
2918					} elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
2919						$author_sob = $ctx;
2920						$authorsignoff = 4;
2921
2922						my $address1 = $email_address;
2923						my $address2 = $author_address;
2924
2925						if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2926							$address1 = "$1$2";
2927						}
2928						if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2929							$address2 = "$1$2";
2930						}
2931						if ($address1 eq $address2) {
2932							$authorsignoff = 5;
2933						}
2934					}
2935				}
2936			}
2937		}
2938
2939# Check for patch separator
2940		if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
2941			$has_patch_separator = 1;
2942			$in_commit_log = 0;
2943		}
2944
2945# Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
2946# emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
2947		if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
2948			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
2949		}
2950
2951# Check signature styles
2952		if (!$in_header_lines &&
2953		    $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
2954			my $space_before = $1;
2955			my $sign_off = $2;
2956			my $space_after = $3;
2957			my $email = $4;
2958			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
2959
2960			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
2961				my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
2962				if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
2963					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2964					     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
2965				} else {
2966					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2967						 "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
2968					    $fix) {
2969						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
2970					}
2971				}
2972			}
2973			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
2974				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2975					 "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2976				    $fix) {
2977					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2978					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2979				}
2980			}
2981			if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
2982				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2983					 "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
2984				    $fix) {
2985					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2986					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2987				}
2988
2989			}
2990			if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
2991				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
2992					 "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
2993				    $fix) {
2994					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
2995					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
2996				}
2997			}
2998
2999			my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
3000			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
3001			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
3002				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3003				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3004			} else {
3005				my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
3006				$dequoted =~ s/^"//;
3007				$dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
3008				# Don't force email to have quotes
3009				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
3010				if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
3011					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3012						 "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3013					    $fix) {
3014						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
3015					}
3016				}
3017
3018				# Address part shouldn't have comments
3019				my $stripped_address = $email_address;
3020				$stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
3021				if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
3022					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3023						 "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3024					    $fix) {
3025						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
3026					}
3027				}
3028
3029				# Only one name comment should be allowed
3030				my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
3031				if ($comment_count > 1) {
3032					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3033					     "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3034				}
3035
3036
3037				# stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
3038				# have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
3039				# begin with a #
3040				if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
3041					if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
3042					    ($email_name ne "")) {
3043						my $cur_name = $email_name;
3044						my $new_comment = $comment;
3045						$cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
3046
3047						# Remove brackets enclosing comment text
3048						# and # from start of comments to get comment text
3049						$new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
3050						$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3051						$new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
3052
3053						$new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
3054						$new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
3055						my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
3056
3057						if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
3058							 "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3059						    $fix) {
3060							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3061						}
3062					}
3063				} elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
3064					my $new_comment = $comment;
3065
3066					# Extract comment text from within brackets or
3067					# c89 style /*...*/ comments
3068					$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3069					$new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
3070
3071					$new_comment = trim($new_comment);
3072					$new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
3073					$new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
3074					my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
3075
3076					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3077						 "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3078					    $fix) {
3079						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3080					}
3081				}
3082			}
3083
3084# Check for duplicate signatures
3085			my $sig_nospace = $line;
3086			$sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
3087			$sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
3088			if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
3089				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3090				     "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
3091			} else {
3092				$signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
3093			}
3094
3095# Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
3096			if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
3097				if ($email eq $author) {
3098					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3099					      "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
3100				}
3101				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3102					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3103					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline);
3104				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
3105					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3106					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
3107				} elsif ($1 ne $email) {
3108					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3109					     "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match \n" . "$here\n" . $rawline . "\n" .$rawlines[$linenr]);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3110				}
3111			}
3112		}
3113
3114# Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
3115		if ($in_header_lines &&
3116		    $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
3117			WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
3118			     "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
3119		}
3120
3121# Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
3122		if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
3123			if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
3124			          "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
3125			    $fix) {
3126				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3127			}
3128		}
3129
3130# Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
3131		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3132		    ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
3133		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
3134					# timestamp
3135		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
3136		     $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
3137		     $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
3138					# stack dump address styles
3139			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
3140		}
3141
3142# Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
3143		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
3144		    length($line) > 75 &&
3145		    !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
3146					# file delta changes
3147		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-]+\/)++[\w\.\-]+:/ ||
3148					# filename then :
3149		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|Link:|$signature_tags)/i ||
3150					# A Fixes: or Link: line or signature tag line
3151		      $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
3152			WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
3153			     "Possible unwrapped commit description (prefer a maximum 75 chars per line)\n" . $herecurr);
3154			$commit_log_long_line = 1;
3155		}
3156
3157# Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
3158		if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3159		    $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
3160			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
3161		}
3162
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3163# Check for lines starting with a #
3164		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
3165			if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
3166				 "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3167			    $fix) {
3168				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
3169			}
3170		}
3171
3172# Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
3173		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3174		    $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
3175		    $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
3176		    ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
 
3177		     ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
3178		      $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
3179		      $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
3180			my $init_char = "c";
3181			my $orig_commit = "";
3182			my $short = 1;
3183			my $long = 0;
3184			my $case = 1;
3185			my $space = 1;
3186			my $hasdesc = 0;
3187			my $hasparens = 0;
3188			my $id = '0123456789ab';
3189			my $orig_desc = "commit description";
3190			my $description = "";
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3191
3192			if ($line =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
3193				$init_char = $1;
3194				$orig_commit = lc($2);
3195			} elsif ($line =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
 
 
 
 
3196				$orig_commit = lc($1);
3197			}
3198
3199			$short = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
3200			$long = 1 if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
3201			$space = 0 if ($line =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
3202			$case = 0 if ($line =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
3203			if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)"\)/i) {
3204				$orig_desc = $1;
3205				$hasparens = 1;
3206			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*$/i &&
3207				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
3208				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*\("([^"]+)"\)/) {
3209				$orig_desc = $1;
3210				$hasparens = 1;
3211			} elsif ($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("[^"]+$/i &&
3212				 defined $rawlines[$linenr] &&
3213				 $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[^"]+"\)/) {
3214				$line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s+\("([^"]+)$/i;
3215				$orig_desc = $1;
3216				$rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*([^"]+)"\)/;
3217				$orig_desc .= " " . $1;
3218				$hasparens = 1;
3219			}
3220
3221			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
3222							      $id, $orig_desc);
3223
3224			if (defined($id) &&
3225			   ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$hasparens)) {
 
3226				ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
3227				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herecurr);
3228			}
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3229		}
3230
3231# Check for added, moved or deleted files
3232		if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
3233		    ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
3234		     $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
3235		     ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
3236		      (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
3237			$is_patch = 1;
3238			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3239			WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
3240			     "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
3241		}
3242
3243# Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
3244		if (!$in_commit_log &&
3245		    ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
3246		    ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
3247			WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
3248			     "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/writing-schema.rst\n");
3249		}
3250
3251# Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
3252		if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
3253			ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
3254			      "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
3255				$herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
3256		}
3257
3258# UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
3259		if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
3260		    $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
3261			my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
3262
3263			my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3264			my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
3265			my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3266
3267			CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
3268			    "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
3269		}
3270
3271# Check if it's the start of a commit log
3272# (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
3273		if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3274		    !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
3275		      $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
3276			$in_header_lines = 0;
3277			$in_commit_log = 1;
3278			$has_commit_log = 1;
3279		}
3280
3281# Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
3282# declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
3283		if ($in_header_lines &&
3284		    $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
3285		    $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
3286			$non_utf8_charset = 1;
3287		}
3288
3289		if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3290		    $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
3291			WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
3292			    "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
3293		}
3294
3295# Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
3296		if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
3297			while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
3298				my $file = $1;
3299
3300				if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
3301				    check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
3302					#
3303				} else {
3304					check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
3305				}
3306			}
3307		}
3308
3309# Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
3310		if (defined($misspellings) &&
3311		    ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
3312			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
3313				my $typo = $1;
3314				my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3315				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
3316				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3317				my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
3318				$typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
3319				$typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
3320				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3321				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3322				if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
3323						  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
3324				    $fix) {
3325					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
3326				}
3327			}
3328		}
3329
3330# check for invalid commit id
3331		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
3332			my $id;
3333			my $description;
3334			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
3335			if (!defined($id)) {
3336				WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
3337				     "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
3338			}
3339		}
3340
3341# check for repeated words separated by a single space
3342# avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
3343		if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
3344		    $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
3345			pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
3346			while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
3347
3348				my $first = $1;
3349				my $second = $2;
3350				my $start_pos = $-[1];
3351				my $end_pos = $+[2];
3352				if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
3353					pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
3354					next;
3355				}
3356
3357				next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
3358				next if ($first eq 'long');
3359
3360				# check for character before and after the word matches
3361				my $start_char = '';
3362				my $end_char = '';
3363				$start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
3364				$end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
3365
3366				next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
3367				next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
3368
3369				# avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
3370				if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
3371					next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
3372				}
3373
3374				if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3375					 "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3376				    $fix) {
3377					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
3378				}
3379			}
3380
3381			# if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
3382			if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
3383			    $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
3384				my $last_word = $1;
3385				if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
3386					if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3387						 "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
3388					    $fix) {
3389						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
3390					}
3391				}
3392			}
3393		}
3394
3395# ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
3396		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
3397
3398#trailing whitespace
3399		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
3400			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3401			if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
3402				  "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
3403			    $fix) {
3404				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
3405			}
3406		} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
3407			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3408			if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
3409				  "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
3410			    $fix) {
3411				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
3412			}
3413
3414			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3415		}
3416
3417# Check for FSF mailing addresses.
3418		if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
3419		    $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
3420		    $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3421		    $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3422			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3423			my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3424			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3425			&{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3426				      "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3427		}
3428
3429# check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3430# Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3431# sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3432		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3433		    # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3434		    # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3435		    # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3436		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3437			my $length = 0;
3438			my $cnt = $realcnt;
3439			my $ln = $linenr + 1;
3440			my $f;
3441			my $is_start = 0;
3442			my $is_end = 0;
3443			for (; $cnt > 0 && defined $lines[$ln - 1]; $ln++) {
3444				$f = $lines[$ln - 1];
3445				$cnt-- if ($lines[$ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
3446				$is_end = $lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+/;
3447
3448				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3449				last if (!$file && $f =~ /^\@\@/);
3450
3451				if ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3452					$is_start = 1;
3453				} elsif ($lines[$ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*(?:---)?help(?:---)?$/) {
3454					$length = -1;
 
 
 
3455				}
3456
3457				$f =~ s/^.//;
3458				$f =~ s/#.*//;
3459				$f =~ s/^\s+//;
3460				next if ($f =~ /^$/);
3461
 
3462				# This only checks context lines in the patch
3463				# and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3464				# positives, even though some of these are
3465				# common words in help texts
3466				if ($f =~ /^\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3467						  if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
3468					$is_end = 1;
3469					last;
3470				}
3471				$length++;
3472			}
3473			if ($is_start && $is_end && $length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
 
 
3474				WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3475				     "please write a paragraph that describes the config symbol fully\n" . $herecurr);
3476			}
3477			#print "is_start<$is_start> is_end<$is_end> length<$length>\n";
3478		}
3479
3480# check MAINTAINERS entries
3481		if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/) {
3482# check MAINTAINERS entries for the right form
3483			if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3484			    $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3485				if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3486					 "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3487				    $fix) {
3488					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3489				}
3490			}
3491# check MAINTAINERS entries for the right ordering too
3492			my $preferred_order = 'MRLSWQBCPTFXNK';
3493			if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3494			    $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ][A-Z]:/) {
3495				$rawline =~ /^\+([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3496				my $cur = $1;
3497				my $curval = $2;
3498				$prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ]([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3499				my $prev = $1;
3500				my $prevval = $2;
3501				my $curindex = index($preferred_order, $cur);
3502				my $previndex = index($preferred_order, $prev);
3503				if ($curindex < 0) {
3504					WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3505					     "Unknown MAINTAINERS entry type: '$cur'\n" . $herecurr);
3506				} else {
3507					if ($previndex >= 0 && $curindex < $previndex) {
3508						WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3509						     "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list '$cur:' before '$prev:'\n" . $hereprev);
3510					} elsif ((($prev eq 'F' && $cur eq 'F') ||
3511						  ($prev eq 'X' && $cur eq 'X')) &&
3512						 ($prevval cmp $curval) > 0) {
3513						WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3514						     "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list file patterns in alphabetic order\n" . $hereprev);
3515					}
3516				}
3517			}
3518		}
3519
3520		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3521		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3522			my $flag = $1;
3523			my $replacement = {
3524				'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3525				'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3526				'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3527				'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3528			};
3529
3530			WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3531			     "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3532		}
3533
3534# check for DT compatible documentation
3535		if (defined $root &&
3536			(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3537			 ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3538
3539			my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3540
3541			my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3542			my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3543
3544			foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3545				my $compat2 = $compat;
3546				$compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3547				my $compat3 = $compat;
3548				$compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3549				`grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3550				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3551					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3552					     "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3553				}
3554
3555				next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3556				my $vendor = $1;
3557				`grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3558				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3559					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3560					     "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3561				}
3562			}
3563		}
3564
3565# check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3566		if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3567			if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3568				$checklicenseline = 2;
3569			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3570				my $comment = "";
3571				if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3572					$comment = '/*';
3573				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3574					$comment = '//';
3575				} elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3576					$comment = '#';
3577				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3578					$comment = '..';
3579				}
3580
3581# check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3582				if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3583				    $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3584				    $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3585					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3586					     "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3587				}
3588
3589				if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3590				    $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3591					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3592					     "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3593				} elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3594					my $spdx_license = $1;
3595					if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3596						WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3597						     "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3598					}
3599					if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3600					    not $spdx_license =~ /GPL-2\.0.*BSD-2-Clause/) {
3601						my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3602						$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3603						if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3604
3605								  "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3606						    $fix) {
3607							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3608						}
3609					}
 
 
 
 
 
3610				}
3611			}
3612		}
3613
3614# check for embedded filenames
3615		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\Q$realfile\E/) {
3616			WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
3617			     "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
3618		}
3619
3620# check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3621		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3622
3623# check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3624		if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3625		    $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3626		    substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3627			WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3628			     "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3629		}
3630
3631# line length limit (with some exclusions)
3632#
3633# There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3634#	logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3635#	lines with a single string
3636#	#defines that are a single string
3637#	lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3638#
3639# There are 3 different line length message types:
3640# LONG_LINE_COMMENT	a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3641# LONG_LINE_STRING	a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3642# LONG_LINE		all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3643#
3644# if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3645#
3646
3647		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3648			my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3649
3650			# Check the allowed long line types first
3651
3652			# logging functions that end in a string that starts
3653			# before $max_line_length
3654			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3655			    length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3656				$msg_type = "";
3657
3658			# lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3659			# #defines with only strings
3660			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3661				 $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3662				$msg_type = "";
3663
3664			# More special cases
3665			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3666				 $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3667				$msg_type = "";
3668
3669			# URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3670			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3671				$msg_type = "";
3672
3673			# Otherwise set the alternate message types
3674
3675			# a comment starts before $max_line_length
3676			} elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3677				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3678				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3679
3680			# a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3681			} elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3682				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3683				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3684			}
3685
3686			if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3687			    (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3688				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3689				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3690				&{$msg_level}($msg_type,
3691					      "line length of $length exceeds $max_line_length columns\n" . $herecurr);
3692			}
3693		}
3694
3695# check for adding lines without a newline.
3696		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3697			if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3698			         "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
3699			    $fix) {
3700				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
3701			}
3702		}
3703
3704# check for .L prefix local symbols in .S files
3705		if ($realfile =~ /\.S$/ &&
3706		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:[A-Z]+_)?SYM_[A-Z]+_(?:START|END)(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(\s*\.L/) {
3707			WARN("AVOID_L_PREFIX",
3708			     "Avoid using '.L' prefixed local symbol names for denoting a range of code via 'SYM_*_START/END' annotations; see Documentation/asm-annotations.rst\n" . $herecurr);
3709		}
3710
3711# check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3712		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3713
3714# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3715# more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3716		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3717		    $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3718			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3719			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3720			if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3721				  "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3722			    $fix) {
3723				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3724			}
3725		}
3726
3727# check for space before tabs.
3728		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3729			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3730			if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3731				"please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3732			    $fix) {
3733				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3734					   s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3735				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3736					   s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3737			}
3738		}
3739
3740# check for assignments on the start of a line
3741		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3742			my $operator = $1;
3743			if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3744				"Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3745			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3746				# add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
3747				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
3748				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3749			}
3750		}
3751
3752# check for && or || at the start of a line
3753		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3754			my $operator = $1;
3755			if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3756				"Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3757			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3758				# insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
3759				$prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
3760				my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
3761				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
3762				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3763			}
3764		}
3765
3766# check indentation starts on a tab stop
3767		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3768		    $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3769			my $indent = length($1);
3770			if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3771				if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3772					 "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3773				    $fix) {
3774					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3775				}
3776			}
3777		}
3778
3779# check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3780		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3781		    $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3782			$prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3783			my $oldindent = $1;
3784			my $rest = $2;
3785
3786			my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3787			if ($pos >= 0) {
3788				$line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3789				my $newindent = $2;
3790
3791				my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3792					"\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3793					" "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3794				my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3795
3796				if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3797				    $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3798
3799					if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3800						"Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3801					    $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3802						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3803						    s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3804					}
3805				}
3806			}
3807		}
3808
3809# check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3810# avoid checking a few false positives:
3811#   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3812#   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3813#   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3814#   multiline macros that define functions
3815#   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3816		if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3817		    (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3818			if (CHK("SPACING",
3819				"No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3820			    $fix) {
3821				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3822				    s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3823			}
3824		}
3825
3826# Block comment styles
3827# Networking with an initial /*
3828		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
3829		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
3830		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
3831		    $realline > 3) { # Do not warn about the initial copyright comment block after SPDX-License-Identifier
3832			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3833			     "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
3834		}
3835
3836# Block comments use * on subsequent lines
3837		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
3838		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#starting /*
3839		    $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&		#no trailing */
3840		    $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&			#line is new
3841		    $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {		#no leading *
3842			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3843			     "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
3844		}
3845
3846# Block comments use */ on trailing lines
3847		if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing */
3848		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#inline /*...*/
3849		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing **/
3850		    $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {	#non blank */
3851			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3852			     "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
3853		}
3854
3855# Block comment * alignment
3856		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
3857		    $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&			#leading comment
3858		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&		#leading *
3859		    (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#leading /*
3860		      $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||		#no trailing */
3861		     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {		#leading *
3862			my $oldindent;
3863			$prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
3864			if (defined($1)) {
3865				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3866			} else {
3867				$prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
3868				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
3869			}
3870			$rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
3871			my $newindent = $1;
3872			$newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
3873			if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
3874				WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
3875				     "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
3876			}
3877		}
3878
3879# check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
3880# with exceptions for various attributes and macros
3881		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
3882		    $line =~ /^\+/ &&
3883		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
3884		      $line =~ /^\+\s*EXPORT_SYMBOL/ ||
3885		      $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
3886		      $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
3887		      $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
3888		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
3889		      $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
3890		      $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
3891		      $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
3892			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3893				"Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3894			    $fix) {
3895				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3896			}
3897		}
3898
3899# check for multiple consecutive blank lines
3900		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
3901		    $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
3902		    $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
3903			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
3904				"Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
3905			    $fix) {
3906				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3907			}
3908
3909			$last_blank_line = $linenr;
3910		}
3911
3912# check for missing blank lines after declarations
3913# (declarations must have the same indentation and not be at the start of line)
3914		if (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/) {
3915			# use temporaries
3916			my $sl = $sline;
3917			my $pl = $prevline;
3918			# remove $Attribute/$Sparse uses to simplify comparisons
3919			$sl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
3920			$pl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
3921			if (($pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3922			# function pointer declarations
3923			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3924			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3925			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3926			# known declaration macros
3927			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
3928			# for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
3929			    !($pl =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
3930			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
3931			      $pl =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
3932			# not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
3933			      $pl =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
3934			# looks like a declaration
3935			    !($sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
3936			# function pointer declarations
3937			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
3938			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
3939			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
3940			# known declaration macros
3941			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
3942			# start of struct or union or enum
3943			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
3944			# start or end of block or continuation of declaration
3945			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
3946			# bitfield continuation
3947			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
3948			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
3949			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
3950				if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
3951					 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
3952				    $fix) {
3953					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
3954				}
3955			}
3956		}
3957
3958# check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
3959# Exceptions:
3960#  1) within comments
3961#  2) indented preprocessor commands
3962#  3) hanging labels
3963		if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
3964			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3965			if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
3966				 "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
3967			    $fix) {
3968				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3969			}
3970		}
3971
3972# check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
3973		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
3974
3975# check for unusual line ending [ or (
3976		if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
3977			CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
3978			    "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
3979		}
3980
3981# check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
3982		if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
3983		    $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
3984			$context_function = $1;
3985		}
3986
3987# check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
3988		if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
3989			undef $context_function;
3990		}
3991
3992# check indentation of any line with a bare else
3993# (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
3994# if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
3995		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
3996			my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
3997			if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
3998			    ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
3999			     defined $lines[$linenr] &&
4000			     $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
4001				WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
4002				     "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
4003			}
4004		}
4005
4006# check indentation of a line with a break;
4007# if the previous line is a goto, return or break
4008# and is indented the same # of tabs
4009		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
4010			my $tabs = $1;
4011			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
4012				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
4013					 "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
4014				    $fix) {
4015					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4016				}
4017			}
4018		}
4019
4020# check for RCS/CVS revision markers
4021		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
4022			WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
4023			     "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
4024		}
4025
4026# check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
4027		if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
4028			WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
4029			     "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
4030		}
4031
4032# Check for potential 'bare' types
4033		my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
4034		    $realline_next);
4035#print "LINE<$line>\n";
4036		if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
4037		    $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
4038			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4039				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4040			$stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4041			$cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4042
4043#print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
4044			# If this statement has no statement boundaries within
4045			# it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
4046			# until we hit end of it.
4047			my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
4048			if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
4049#print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
4050				$suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
4051			}
4052
4053			# Find the real next line.
4054			$realline_next = $line_nr_next;
4055			if (defined $realline_next &&
4056			    (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
4057			     substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
4058				$realline_next++;
4059			}
4060
4061			my $s = $stat;
4062			$s =~ s/{.*$//s;
4063
4064			# Ignore goto labels.
4065			if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
4066
4067			# Ignore functions being called
4068			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
4069
4070			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
4071
4072			# declarations always start with types
4073			} elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
4074				my $type = $1;
4075				$type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4076				possible($type, "A:" . $s);
4077
4078			# definitions in global scope can only start with types
4079			} elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
4080				possible($1, "B:" . $s);
4081			}
4082
4083			# any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
4084			while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
4085				possible($1, "C:" . $s);
4086			}
4087
4088			# Check for any sort of function declaration.
4089			# int foo(something bar, other baz);
4090			# void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
4091			if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
4092				my ($name_len) = length($1);
4093
4094				my $ctx = $s;
4095				substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
4096				$ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
4097
4098				for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
4099					if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
4100
4101						possible($1, "D:" . $s);
4102					}
4103				}
4104			}
4105
4106		}
4107
4108#
4109# Checks which may be anchored in the context.
4110#
4111
4112# Check for switch () and associated case and default
4113# statements should be at the same indent.
4114		if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
4115			my $err = '';
4116			my $sep = '';
4117			my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
4118			shift(@ctx);
4119			for my $ctx (@ctx) {
4120				my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
4121				if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
4122							$indent != $cindent) {
4123					$err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
4124					$sep = '';
4125				} else {
4126					$sep = "[...]\n";
4127				}
4128			}
4129			if ($err ne '') {
4130				ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
4131				      "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
4132			}
4133		}
4134
4135# if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
4136# or if that brace on the next line is for something else
4137		if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
4138			my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
4139
4140			my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4141
4142			if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
4143				WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
4144				     "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
4145			}
4146
4147			my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
4148			my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
4149
4150			my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
4151			my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
4152
4153			while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
4154					defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
4155					$lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
4156				##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4157				$ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
4158				$ctx_ln++;
4159			}
4160
4161			#print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4162			#print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
4163
4164			if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
4165				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4166				      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
4167					"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4168			}
4169			if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
4170			    $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
4171			    defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
4172			{
4173				my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
4174				if ($nindent > $indent) {
4175					WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4176					     "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
4177						"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4178				}
4179			}
4180		}
4181
4182# Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
4183		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
4184			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4185				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4186					if (!defined $stat);
4187			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4188
4189			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4190
4191			# remove inline comments
4192			$s =~ s/$;/ /g;
4193			$c =~ s/$;/ /g;
4194
4195			# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4196			my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4197			my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4198
4199			# Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
4200			# none on the first line, and are going to readd them
4201			# where necessary.
4202			$s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
4203			while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
4204				$cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
4205			}
4206
4207			# We want to check the first line inside the block
4208			# starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
4209			#  1) any blank line termination
4210			#  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
4211			#  3) any do (...) {
4212			my $continuation = 0;
4213			my $check = 0;
4214			$s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
4215			$s =~ s/^\s*{//;
4216			if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
4217				$continuation = 1;
4218			}
4219			if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
4220				$check = 1;
4221				$cond_lines++;
4222			}
4223
4224			# Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
4225			# preprocessor statement.
4226			if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
4227			    $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
4228				$check = 0;
4229			}
4230
4231			my $cond_ptr = -1;
4232			$continuation = 0;
4233			while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
4234				$cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
4235
4236				# If we see an #else/#elif then the code
4237				# is not linear.
4238				if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
4239					$check = 0;
4240				}
4241
4242				# Ignore:
4243				#  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
4244				#  2) preprocessor lines, and
4245				#  3) labels.
4246				if ($continuation ||
4247				    $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
4248				    $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
4249				    $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4250					$continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
4251					if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
4252						$cond_lines++;
4253					}
4254				}
4255			}
4256
4257			my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
4258			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
4259
4260			# Check if either of these lines are modified, else
4261			# this is not this patch's fault.
4262			if (!defined($stat_real) ||
4263			    $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
4264				$check = 0;
4265			}
4266			if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4267				$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4268			}
4269
4270			#print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
4271
4272			if ($check && $s ne '' &&
4273			    (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
4274			     ($sindent < $indent) ||
4275			     ($sindent == $indent &&
4276			      ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
4277			     ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
4278				WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
4279				     "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
4280			}
4281		}
4282
4283		# Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
4284		my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
4285		my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
4286				annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
4287		$curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
4288		if ($dbg_values) {
4289			my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
4290			print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
4291			print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
4292			print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
4293		}
4294		$prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
4295
4296#ignore lines not being added
4297		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
4298
4299# check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
4300# e.g.:	int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
4301#	struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
4302		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
4303			my $var = $1;
4304			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
4305				WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
4306				     "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
4307			}
4308		}
4309
4310# check for dereferences that span multiple lines
4311		if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
4312		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
4313			$prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
4314			my $ref = $1;
4315			$line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
4316			$ref .= $1;
4317			$ref =~ s/\s//g;
4318			WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
4319			     "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
4320		}
4321
4322# check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
4323		while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
4324			my $type = $1;
4325			my $var = $2;
4326			$var = "" if (!defined $var);
4327			if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
4328				my $sign = $1;
4329				my $pointer = $2;
4330
4331				$pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
4332
4333				if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
4334					 "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4335				    $fix) {
4336					my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
4337					my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
4338					$comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
4339					$decl .= $comp_pointer;
4340					$decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
4341					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
4342				}
4343			}
4344		}
4345
4346# TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
4347		if ($dbg_type) {
4348			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
4349				ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
4350				      "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
4351			} elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
4352				ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
4353				      "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4354			}
4355			next;
4356		}
4357# TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
4358		if ($dbg_attr) {
4359			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
4360				ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
4361				      "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
4362			} elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
4363				ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
4364				      "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4365			}
4366			next;
4367		}
4368
4369# check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
4370		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4371		    $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
4372			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4373				  "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4374			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4375				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4376				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4377				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4378				$fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
4379				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4380				$fixedline = $line;
4381				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
4382				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4383			}
4384		}
4385
4386#
4387# Checks which are anchored on the added line.
4388#
4389
4390# check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
4391		if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
4392			my $path = $1;
4393			if ($path =~ m{//}) {
4394				ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
4395				      "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
4396			}
4397			if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
4398				ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
4399				      "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
4400			}
4401		}
4402
4403# no C99 // comments
4404		if ($line =~ m{//}) {
4405			if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
4406				  "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
4407			    $fix) {
4408				my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
4409				if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
4410					my $comment = trim($1);
4411					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
4412				}
4413			}
4414		}
4415		# Remove C99 comments.
4416		$line =~ s@//.*@@;
4417		$opline =~ s@//.*@@;
4418
4419# EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
4420# the whole statement.
4421#print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
4422		if (defined $realline_next &&
4423		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
4424		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
4425		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4426			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
4427			# a prefix:
4428			#   XXX(foo);
4429			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
4430			my $name = $1;
 
4431			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
4432			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
4433#print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
4434				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4435
4436			} elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
4437				\n.}\s*$|
4438				^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4439				^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4440				^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
4441				^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
4442				\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
4443			    )/x) {
4444#print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
4445				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
4446			} else {
4447				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4448			}
4449		}
4450		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4451		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
4452		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4453#print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
4454			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
4455		}
4456		if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4457		    $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
4458			WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
4459			     "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
4460		}
4461
4462# check for global initialisers.
4463		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/ &&
4464		    !exclude_global_initialisers($realfile)) {
4465			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
4466				  "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4467			    $fix) {
4468				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4469			}
4470		}
4471# check for static initialisers.
4472		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4473			if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
4474				  "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
4475				      $herecurr) &&
4476			    $fix) {
4477				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4478			}
4479		}
4480
4481# check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
4482		while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
4483			my $tmp = trim($1);
4484			WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
4485			     "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
4486		}
4487
4488# check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
4489		while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4490			my $type = trim($1);
4491			next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4492			next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4493			my $new_type = $type;
4494			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4495			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4496			$new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4497			$new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4498			$new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4499			$new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4500			$new_type = trim($new_type);
4501			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4502				 "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4503			    $fix) {
4504				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4505			}
4506		}
4507
4508# check for static const char * arrays.
4509		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4510			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4511			     "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4512				$herecurr);
4513		}
4514
4515# check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4516		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4517			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4518				 "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4519			    $fix) {
4520				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4521			}
4522		}
4523
4524# check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4525		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4526			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4527			     "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4528				$herecurr);
4529		}
4530
4531# check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4532		if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4533			my $found = $1;
4534			if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4535				WARN("CONST_CONST",
4536				     "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4537			} elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4538				WARN("CONST_CONST",
4539				     "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4540			}
4541		}
4542
4543# check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
4544# prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
4545		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
4546		    $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4547			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
4548				 "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4549			    $fix) {
4550				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
4551				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
4552			}
4553		}
4554
4555# check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4556		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4557			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4558			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4559				$herecurr);
4560		}
4561
4562# check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4563		if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4564			my $array = $1;
4565			if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4566				my $array_div = $1;
4567				if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4568					 "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4569				    $fix) {
4570					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4571				}
4572			}
4573		}
4574
4575# check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4576		if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4577			if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4578				  "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4579			    $fix) {
4580				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4581			}
4582		}
4583
4584# check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4585# make sense.
4586		if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4587		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4588		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4589		    $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4590		    $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4591			WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4592			     "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4593		}
4594
4595# * goes on variable not on type
4596		# (char*[ const])
4597		while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4598			#print "AA<$1>\n";
4599			my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4600
4601			# Should start with a space.
4602			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4603			# Should not end with a space.
4604			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
4605			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
4606			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4607			}
4608
4609##			print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4610			if ($from ne $to) {
4611				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4612					  "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4613				    $fix) {
4614					my $sub_from = $ident;
4615					my $sub_to = $ident;
4616					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4617					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4618					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4619				}
4620			}
4621		}
4622		while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4623			#print "BB<$1>\n";
4624			my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4625
4626			# Should start with a space.
4627			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4628			# Should not end with a space.
4629			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
4630			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
4631			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4632			}
4633			# Modifiers should have spaces.
4634			$to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4635
4636##			print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4637			if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4638				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4639					  "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4640				    $fix) {
4641
4642					my $sub_from = $match;
4643					my $sub_to = $match;
4644					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4645					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4646					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4647				}
4648			}
4649		}
4650
4651# avoid BUG() or BUG_ON()
4652		if ($line =~ /\b(?:BUG|BUG_ON)\b/) {
4653			my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4654			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4655			&{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4656				      "Avoid crashing the kernel - try using WARN_ON & recovery code rather than BUG() or BUG_ON()\n" . $herecurr);
4657		}
4658
4659# avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4660		if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4661			WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4662			     "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4663		}
4664
4665# check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4666		if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4667			WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4668			     "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4669		}
4670
4671# printk should use KERN_* levels
4672		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4673			WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4674			     "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4675		}
4676
4677# prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4678		if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4679			my $printk = $1;
4680			my $modifier = $2;
4681			my $orig = $3;
4682			$modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
4683			my $level = lc($orig);
4684			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4685			my $level2 = $level;
4686			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4687			$level .= $modifier;
4688			$level2 .= $modifier;
4689			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4690			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4691		}
4692
4693# prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4694		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4695			my $orig = $1;
4696			my $level = lc($orig);
4697			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4698			$level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4699			WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4700			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4701		}
4702
4703# trace_printk should not be used in production code.
4704		if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
4705			WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
4706			     "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
4707		}
4708
4709# ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4710# number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4711# least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4712		if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4713			WARN("ENOSYS",
4714			     "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4715		}
4716
4717# ENOTSUPP is not a standard error code and should be avoided in new patches.
4718# Folks usually mean EOPNOTSUPP (also called ENOTSUP), when they type ENOTSUPP.
4719# Similarly to ENOSYS warning a small number of false positives is expected.
4720		if (!$file && $line =~ /\bENOTSUPP\b/) {
4721			if (WARN("ENOTSUPP",
4722				 "ENOTSUPP is not a SUSV4 error code, prefer EOPNOTSUPP\n" . $herecurr) &&
4723			    $fix) {
4724				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bENOTSUPP\b/EOPNOTSUPP/;
4725			}
4726		}
4727
4728# function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4729# or if closed on same line
4730		if ($perl_version_ok &&
4731		    $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4732		    $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4733		    $sline !~ /}/) {
4734			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4735				  "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4736			    $fix) {
4737				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4738				my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4739				$fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*)\{(.*)$/;
4740				my $line1 = $1;
4741				my $line2 = $2;
4742				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4743				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4744				if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4745					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4746				}
4747			}
4748		}
4749
4750# open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4751		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4752		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4753			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4754				  "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4755			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4756				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4757				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4758				my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4759				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4760				$fixedline = $rawline;
4761				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4762				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4763					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4764				}
4765			}
4766		}
4767
4768# missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4769		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4770			if (WARN("SPACING",
4771				 "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4772			    $fix) {
4773				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4774				    s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4775			}
4776		}
4777
4778# Function pointer declarations
4779# check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4780# canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4781		if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4782			my $declare = $1;
4783			my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4784			my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4785			my $funcname = $4;
4786			my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4787			my $pre_args_space = $6;
4788
4789# the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4790# so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4791# don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4792			my $post_declare_space = "";
4793			if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4794				$post_declare_space = $1;
4795				$declare = rtrim($declare);
4796			}
4797			if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4798				WARN("SPACING",
4799				     "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4800				$post_declare_space = " ";
4801			}
4802
4803# unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4804# This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4805# equivalent to
4806#	int  foo(int bar, ...)
4807# and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4808#
4809#			elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4810#				WARN("SPACING",
4811#				     "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4812#			}
4813
4814# unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4815			if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4816			    $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4817				WARN("SPACING",
4818				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4819			}
4820
4821# unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4822			if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4823			    $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4824				WARN("SPACING",
4825				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4826			}
4827
4828# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
4829			if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
4830			    $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
4831				WARN("SPACING",
4832				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
4833			}
4834
4835# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
4836			if (defined $pre_args_space &&
4837			    $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
4838				WARN("SPACING",
4839				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
4840			}
4841
4842			if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
4843				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4844				    s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
4845			}
4846		}
4847
4848# check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
4849#  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
4850#  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
4851#  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
4852		while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
4853			my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
4854			if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
4855			    ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
4856			    $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
4857				if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
4858					  "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
4859				    $fix) {
4860				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4861					s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
4862				}
4863			}
4864		}
4865
4866# check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
4867		while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
4868			my $name = $1;
4869			my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
4870			my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
4871
4872			# Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
4873			if ($name =~ /^(?:
4874				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
4875				volatile|__volatile__|
4876				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
4877				asm|__asm__)$/x)
4878			{
4879			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
4880			# if there is a space between the name and the open
4881			# parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
4882			} elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
4883
4884			# cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
4885			} elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
4886
4887			# If this whole things ends with a type its most
4888			# likely a typedef for a function.
4889			} elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
4890
4891			} else {
4892				if (WARN("SPACING",
4893					 "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
4894					     $fix) {
4895					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4896					    s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
4897				}
4898			}
4899		}
4900
4901# Check operator spacing.
4902		if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
4903			my $fixed_line = "";
4904			my $line_fixed = 0;
4905
4906			my $ops = qr{
4907				<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
4908				\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
4909				=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
4910				&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
4911				\?:|\?|:
4912			}x;
4913			my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
4914
4915##			print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
4916##			foreach my $el (@elements) {
4917##				print("el: <$el>\n");
4918##			}
4919
4920			my @fix_elements = ();
4921			my $off = 0;
4922
4923			foreach my $el (@elements) {
4924				push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
4925				$off += length($el);
4926			}
4927
4928			$off = 0;
4929
4930			my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
4931			my $last_after = -1;
4932
4933			for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
4934
4935				my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
4936
4937##				print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
4938
4939				$off += length($elements[$n]);
4940
4941				# Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
4942				my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
4943				my $cc = '';
4944				if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
4945					$cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
4946				}
4947				my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
4948
4949				my $a = '';
4950				$a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
4951				$a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
4952				$a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
4953				$a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
4954				$a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
4955				$a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
4956
4957				my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
4958
4959				my $c = '';
4960				if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
4961					$c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
4962					$c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
4963					$c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
4964					$c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
4965					$c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
4966					$c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
4967				} else {
4968					$c = 'E';
4969				}
4970
4971				my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
4972
4973				my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
4974
4975				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
4976				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
4977
4978				# Pull out the value of this operator.
4979				my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
4980
4981				# Get the full operator variant.
4982				my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
4983
4984				# Ignore operators passed as parameters.
4985				if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
4986				    $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
4987
4988#				# Ignore comments
4989#				} elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
4990
4991				# ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
4992				} elsif ($op eq ';') {
4993					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
4994					    $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
4995						if (ERROR("SPACING",
4996							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
4997							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
4998							$line_fixed = 1;
4999						}
5000					}
5001
5002				# // is a comment
5003				} elsif ($op eq '//') {
5004
5005				#   :   when part of a bitfield
5006				} elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
5007					# skip the bitfield test for now
5008
5009				# No spaces for:
5010				#   ->
5011				} elsif ($op eq '->') {
5012					if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
5013						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5014							  "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5015							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5016							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5017								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5018							}
5019							$line_fixed = 1;
5020						}
5021					}
5022
5023				# , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
5024				} elsif ($op eq ',') {
5025					my $rtrim_before = 0;
5026					my $space_after = 0;
5027					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
5028						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5029							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5030							$line_fixed = 1;
5031							$rtrim_before = 1;
5032						}
5033					}
5034					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
5035						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5036							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5037							$line_fixed = 1;
5038							$last_after = $n;
5039							$space_after = 1;
5040						}
5041					}
5042					if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
5043						if ($rtrim_before) {
5044							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5045						} else {
5046							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5047						}
5048						if ($space_after) {
5049							$good .= " ";
5050						}
5051					}
5052
5053				# '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
5054				} elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
5055					#warn "'*' is part of type\n";
5056
5057				# unary operators should have a space before and
5058				# none after.  May be left adjacent to another
5059				# unary operator, or a cast
5060				} elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
5061					 $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
5062					 $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
5063					if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
5064						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5065							  "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5066							if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
5067								$good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5068								$line_fixed = 1;
5069							}
5070						}
5071					}
5072					if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
5073						# A unary '*' may be const
5074
5075					} elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
5076						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5077							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5078							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5079							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5080								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5081							}
5082							$line_fixed = 1;
5083						}
5084					}
5085
5086				# unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
5087				} elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
5088					if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
5089						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5090							  "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5091							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5092							$line_fixed = 1;
5093						}
5094					}
5095					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
5096					    ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
5097						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5098							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5099							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5100							$line_fixed = 1;
5101						}
5102					}
5103					if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
5104						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5105							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5106							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5107							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5108								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5109							}
5110							$line_fixed = 1;
5111						}
5112					}
5113
5114				# << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
5115				} elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
5116					 $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
5117					 $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
5118					 $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
5119					 $op eq '%')
5120				{
5121					if ($check) {
5122						if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
5123							if (CHK("SPACING",
5124								"spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5125								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5126								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5127								$line_fixed = 1;
5128							}
5129						} elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
5130							if (CHK("SPACING",
5131								"space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5132								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5133								$line_fixed = 1;
5134							}
5135						}
5136					} elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
5137						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5138							  "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5139							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5140							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5141								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5142							}
5143							$line_fixed = 1;
5144						}
5145					}
5146
5147				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
5148				# terminating a case value or a label.
5149				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
5150					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./ and $realfile !~ m@.*\.lds\.h$@) {
5151						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5152							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5153							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5154							$line_fixed = 1;
5155						}
5156					}
5157
5158				# All the others need spaces both sides.
5159				} elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
5160					my $ok = 0;
5161
5162					# Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
5163					if (($op eq '<' &&
5164					     $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
5165					    ($op eq '>' &&
5166					     $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
5167					{
5168						$ok = 1;
5169					}
5170
5171					# for asm volatile statements
5172					# ignore a colon with another
5173					# colon immediately before or after
5174					if (($op eq ':') &&
5175					    ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
5176						$ok = 1;
5177					}
5178
5179					# messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
5180					if ($ok == 0) {
5181						my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
5182						$msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
5183
5184						if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
5185								  "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5186							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5187							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5188								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5189							}
5190							$line_fixed = 1;
5191						}
5192					}
5193				}
5194				$off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
5195
5196##				print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
5197
5198				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
5199			}
5200
5201			if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
5202				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
5203			}
5204
5205			if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
5206				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
5207			}
5208
5209
5210		}
5211
5212# check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
5213		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
5214			if (WARN("SPACING",
5215				 "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5216			    $fix) {
5217				1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5218				    s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
5219			}
5220		}
5221
5222# check for multiple assignments
5223		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
5224			CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
5225			    "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5226		}
5227
5228## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
5229## # continuation.
5230## 		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
5231## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
5232##
5233## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
5234## 			# falsely report the parameters of functions.
5235## 			my $ln = $line;
5236## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
5237## 			}
5238## 			if ($ln =~ /,/) {
5239## 				WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
5240##				     "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5241## 			}
5242## 		}
5243
5244#need space before brace following if, while, etc
5245		if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
5246		    $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
5247			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5248				  "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5249			    $fix) {
5250				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
5251			}
5252		}
5253
5254## # check for blank lines before declarations
5255##		if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
5256##		    $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
5257##			WARN("SPACING",
5258##			     "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
5259##		}
5260##
5261
5262# closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
5263# on the line
5264		if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
5265			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5266				  "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5267			    $fix) {
5268				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5269				    s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
5270			}
5271		}
5272
5273# check spacing on square brackets
5274		if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
5275			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5276				  "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5277			    $fix) {
5278				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5279				    s/\[\s+/\[/;
5280			}
5281		}
5282		if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
5283			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5284				  "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5285			    $fix) {
5286				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5287				    s/\s+\]/\]/;
5288			}
5289		}
5290
5291# check spacing on parentheses
5292		if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
5293		    $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
5294			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5295				  "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5296			    $fix) {
5297				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5298				    s/\(\s+/\(/;
5299			}
5300		}
5301		if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
5302		    $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
5303		    $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
5304			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5305				  "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5306			    $fix) {
5307				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5308				    s/\s+\)/\)/;
5309			}
5310		}
5311
5312# check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
5313# ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
5314
5315		while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
5316			my $var = $1;
5317			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5318				"Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5319			    $fix) {
5320				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
5321			}
5322		}
5323
5324# check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
5325# ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
5326# but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
5327		if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
5328			my $var = $2;
5329			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5330				"Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5331			    $fix) {
5332				my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
5333				$var2 =~ s/\s//g;
5334				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
5335			}
5336		}
5337
5338# check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
5339# when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
5340		if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
5341		    $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
5342		    $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
5343			my $if_stat = $1;
5344			my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
5345			my $herectx;
5346			while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
5347				my $match = $1;
5348				# avoid parentheses around potential macro args
5349				next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
5350				if (!defined($herectx)) {
5351					$herectx = $here . "\n";
5352					my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
5353					for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5354						my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
5355						$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
5356						last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
5357					}
5358				}
5359				CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5360				    "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
5361			}
5362		}
5363
5364# check that goto labels aren't indented (allow a single space indentation)
5365# and ignore bitfield definitions like foo:1
5366# Strictly, labels can have whitespace after the identifier and before the :
5367# but this is not allowed here as many ?: uses would appear to be labels
5368		if ($sline =~ /^.\s+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*:(?!\s*\d+)/ &&
5369		    $sline !~ /^. [A-Za-z\d_][A-Za-z\d_]*:/ &&
5370		    $sline !~ /^.\s+default:/) {
5371			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
5372				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
5373			    $fix) {
5374				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5375				    s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
5376			}
5377		}
5378
5379# check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
5380#	foo = bar(),	/* comma should be semicolon */
5381#	bar = baz();
5382		if (defined($stat) &&
5383		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
5384			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5385			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5386			WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
5387			     "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
5388		}
5389
5390# return is not a function
5391		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
5392			my $spacing = $1;
5393			if ($perl_version_ok &&
5394			    $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
5395				my $value = $1;
5396				$value = deparenthesize($value);
5397				if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
5398					ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
5399					      "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
5400				}
5401			} elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
5402				ERROR("SPACING",
5403				      "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
5404			}
5405		}
5406
5407# unnecessary return in a void function
5408# at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
5409# and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
5410		if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
5411		    $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
5412		    $linenr >= 3 &&
5413		    $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
5414		    $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
5415			WARN("RETURN_VOID",
5416			     "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
5417		}
5418
5419# if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
5420		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5421		    $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
5422			my $openparens = $1;
5423			my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
5424			my $msg = "";
5425			if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
5426				my $comp = $4;	#Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
5427				$msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
5428				WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5429				     "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
5430			}
5431		}
5432
5433# comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
5434#	avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
5435#	only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
5436#	conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
5437		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5438		    $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
5439			my $lead = $1;
5440			my $const = $2;
5441			my $comp = $3;
5442			my $to = $4;
5443			my $newcomp = $comp;
5444			if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
5445			    $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
5446			    WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
5447				 "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
5448			    $fix) {
5449				if ($comp eq "<") {
5450					$newcomp = ">";
5451				} elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
5452					$newcomp = ">=";
5453				} elsif ($comp eq ">") {
5454					$newcomp = "<";
5455				} elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
5456					$newcomp = "<=";
5457				}
5458				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
5459			}
5460		}
5461
5462# Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
5463		if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
5464			my $name = $1;
5465			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR' && $name !~ /^EPOLL/) {
5466				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
5467				     "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
5468			}
5469		}
5470
5471# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
5472		if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
5473			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5474				  "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5475			    $fix) {
5476				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5477				    s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
5478			}
5479		}
5480
5481# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
5482# statements after the conditional.
5483		if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
5484			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
5485				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
5486					if (!defined $stat);
5487			my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
5488						$remain_next, $off_next);
5489			$stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
5490			##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
5491
5492			if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
5493				# If the statement carries leading newlines,
5494				# then count those as offsets.
5495				my ($whitespace) =
5496					($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5497				my $offset =
5498					statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5499
5500				$suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
5501								$offset} = 1;
5502			}
5503		}
5504		if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
5505		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
5506		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
5507			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
 
5508
5509			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
5510				if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
5511					  "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr) &&
5512				    $fix && $perl_version_ok) {
5513					if ($rawline =~ /^\+(\s+)if\s*\(\s*(\!)?\s*\(\s*(($Lval)\s*=\s*$LvalOrFunc)\s*\)\s*(?:($Compare)\s*($FuncArg))?\s*\)\s*(\{)?\s*$/) {
5514						my $space = $1;
5515						my $not = $2;
5516						my $statement = $3;
5517						my $assigned = $4;
5518						my $test = $8;
5519						my $against = $9;
5520						my $brace = $15;
5521						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5522						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "$space$statement;");
5523						my $newline = "${space}if (";
5524						$newline .= '!' if defined($not);
5525						$newline .= '(' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5526						$newline .= "$assigned";
5527						$newline .= " $test $against" if (defined($test) && defined($against));
5528						$newline .= ')' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5529						$newline .= ')';
5530						$newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
5531						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
 
5532					}
5533				}
5534			}
5535
5536			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5537			# conditional.
5538			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5539			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5540			$s =~ s/$;//g;	# Remove any comments
5541			if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
5542			    $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
5543			{
5544				# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
5545				my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
5546				my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
5547				my $stat_real = '';
5548
5549				$stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
5550							. "\n" if ($cond_lines);
5551				if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
5552					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
5553				}
5554
5555				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5556				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5557			}
5558		}
5559
5560# Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
5561		if ($line =~ /
5562			(?:
5563				(?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5564				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5565				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
5566			|
5567				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
5568				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5569				(?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5570			)/x)
5571		{
5572			WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5573			     "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5574		}
5575
5576# if and else should not have general statements after it
5577		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5578			my $s = $1;
5579			$s =~ s/$;//g;	# Remove any comments
5580			if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5581				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5582				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5583			}
5584		}
5585# if should not continue a brace
5586		if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5587			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5588			      "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5589				$herecurr);
5590		}
5591# case and default should not have general statements after them
5592		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5593		    $line !~ /\G(?:
5594			(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5595			\s*return\s+
5596		    )/xg)
5597		{
5598			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5599			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5600		}
5601
5602		# Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5603		# indent level to be relevant to each other.
5604		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5605		    $previndent == $indent) {
5606			if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5607				  "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5608			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5609				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5610				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5611				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5612				$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5613				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5614					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5615				}
5616				$fixedline = $rawline;
5617				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5618				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5619			}
5620		}
5621
5622		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5623		    $previndent == $indent) {
5624			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5625
5626			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5627			# conditional.
5628			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5629			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5630
5631			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5632				if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5633					  "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5634				    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5635					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5636					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5637					my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5638					my $trailing = $rawline;
5639					$trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5640					$trailing = trim($trailing);
5641					$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5642					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5643				}
5644			}
5645		}
5646
5647#Specific variable tests
5648		while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5649			my $var = $1;
5650
5651#CamelCase
5652			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5653			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5654#Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
5655			    $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
5656#Ignore Page<foo> variants
5657			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
 
 
5658#Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5659#(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5660			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5661#Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5662			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5663				while ($var =~ m{($Ident)}g) {
5664					my $word = $1;
5665					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5666					if ($check) {
5667						seed_camelcase_includes();
5668						if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5669							seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5670							$camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5671						}
5672					}
5673					if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5674						$camelcase{$word} = 1;
5675						CHK("CAMELCASE",
5676						    "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5677					}
5678				}
5679			}
5680		}
5681
5682#no spaces allowed after \ in define
5683		if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5684			if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5685				 "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5686			    $fix) {
5687				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5688			}
5689		}
5690
5691# warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5692# itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5693		if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5694			my $file = "$1.h";
5695			my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5696			if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5697			    $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5698			    $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5699			{
5700				my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5701				if ($asminclude > 0) {
5702					if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5703						CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5704						    "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5705					} else {
5706						WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5707						     "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5708					}
5709				}
5710			}
5711		}
5712
5713# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5714# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5715# in a known good container
5716		if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5717		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5718			my $ln = $linenr;
5719			my $cnt = $realcnt;
5720			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5721			my $ctx = '';
5722			my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5723			my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5724			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5725				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5726			$ctx = $dstat;
5727			#print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5728			#print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5729
5730			$has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5731			$has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5732
5733			$dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5734			my $define_args = $1;
5735			my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5736			my @def_args = ();
5737
5738			if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5739				$define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5740				$define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5741				$define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5742				@def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5743			}
5744
5745			$dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5746			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5747			$dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5748			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5749
5750			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
5751			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
5752			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
5753			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
5754			{
5755			}
5756
5757			# Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5758			while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5759			       $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5760			{
5761			}
5762
5763			# Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5764			$dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5765
5766			my $exceptions = qr{
5767				$Declare|
5768				module_param_named|
5769				MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5770				DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5771				DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5772				__typeof__\(|
5773				union|
5774				struct|
5775				\.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5776				^\"|\"$|
5777				^\[
5778			}x;
5779			#print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5780
5781			$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5782			my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5783			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5784
5785			if ($dstat ne '' &&
5786			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&			# 10, // foo(),
5787			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&			# foo();
5788			    $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&		# 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5789			    $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&			# character constants
5790			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5791			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
5792			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
 
5793			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5794			    $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&		# while (...) {...}
5795			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
5796			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
5797			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
5798			    $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&						# ({...
5799			    $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5800			{
5801				if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5802					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5803					      "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5804				} elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5805					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5806					      "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5807				} else {
5808					ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
5809					      "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
5810				}
5811
5812			}
5813
5814			# Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
5815			my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
5816			my $first = 1;
5817			$define_stmt = "";
5818			foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
5819				$l =~ s/\\$//;
5820				if ($first) {
5821					$define_stmt = $l;
5822					$first = 0;
5823				} elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
5824					$define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
5825				}
5826			}
5827			$define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
5828			$define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
5829			$define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
5830
5831# check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
5832			foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
5833			        next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
5834			        next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
5835				my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
5836				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(__must_be_array|offsetof|sizeof|sizeof_field|__stringify|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
5837				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
5838				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
5839				my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
5840				if ($use_cnt > 1) {
5841					CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
5842					    "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
5843				    }
5844# check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
5845				if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
5846				    ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
5847				     (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
5848					CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
5849					    "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
5850				}
5851			}
5852
5853# check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
5854# ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
5855			if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
5856				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5857				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5858
5859				WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
5860				     "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
5861			}
5862
5863# check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
5864
 
 
 
5865		} else {
5866			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
5867			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
5868			    $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&	# asm
5869			    $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
5870				WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
5871				     "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
5872			}
5873		}
5874
5875# do {} while (0) macro tests:
5876# single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
5877# macro should not end with a semicolon
5878		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5879		    $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5880		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
5881			my $ln = $linenr;
5882			my $cnt = $realcnt;
5883			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5884			my $ctx = '';
5885			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5886				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5887			$ctx = $dstat;
5888
5889			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5890			$dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
5891
5892			if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
5893				my $stmts = $2;
5894				my $semis = $3;
5895
5896				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5897				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5898				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5899
5900				if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
5901				    $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
5902					WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
5903					     "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
5904				}
5905				if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
5906					WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5907					     "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
5908				}
5909			} elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
5910				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5911				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5912				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5913
5914				WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
5915				     "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
5916			}
5917		}
5918
5919# check for redundant bracing round if etc
5920		if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
5921			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5922				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
5923			#print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
5924			#print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
5925			if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
5926				my @allowed = ();
5927				my $allow = 0;
5928				my $seen = 0;
5929				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
5930				my $ln = $linenr - 1;
5931				for my $chunk (@chunks) {
5932					my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
5933
5934					# If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
5935					my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5936					my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5937
5938					$allowed[$allow] = 0;
5939					#print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
5940
5941					# We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
5942					$suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
5943
5944					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
5945					$ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
5946
5947					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
5948
5949					$seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
5950
5951					#print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
5952					if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
5953						#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
5954						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5955					}
5956					if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
5957						#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
5958						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5959					}
5960					if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
5961						#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
5962						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
5963					}
5964					$allow++;
5965				}
5966				if ($seen) {
5967					my $sum_allowed = 0;
5968					foreach (@allowed) {
5969						$sum_allowed += $_;
5970					}
5971					if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
5972						WARN("BRACES",
5973						     "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5974					} elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
5975						 $seen != $allow) {
5976						CHK("BRACES",
5977						    "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
5978					}
5979				}
5980			}
5981		}
5982		if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
5983					$line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
5984			my $allowed = 0;
5985
5986			# Check the pre-context.
5987			if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
5988				#print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
5989				$allowed = 1;
5990			}
5991
5992			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
5993				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
5994
5995			# Check the condition.
5996			my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
5997			#print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
5998			if (defined $cond) {
5999				substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6000			}
6001			if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6002				#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6003				$allowed = 1;
6004			}
6005			if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6006				#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6007				$allowed = 1;
6008			}
6009			if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6010				#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6011				$allowed = 1;
6012			}
6013			# Check the post-context.
6014			if (defined $chunks[1]) {
6015				my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
6016				if (defined $cond) {
6017					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6018				}
6019				if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
6020					#print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
6021					$allowed = 1;
6022				}
6023			}
6024			if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
6025				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
6026				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6027
6028				WARN("BRACES",
6029				     "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
6030			}
6031		}
6032
6033# check for single line unbalanced braces
6034		if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
6035		    $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
6036			CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
6037		}
6038
6039# check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
6040		if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
6041			if (CHK("BRACES",
6042				"Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6043			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
6044				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6045			}
6046		}
6047		if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
6048			if (CHK("BRACES",
6049				"Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6050			    $fix) {
6051				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6052			}
6053		}
6054
6055# no volatiles please
6056		my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
6057		if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
6058			WARN("VOLATILE",
6059			     "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6060		}
6061
6062# Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
6063# to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
6064# newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
6065# (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
6066		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
6067		    $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
6068		    $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
6069			if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
6070				 "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
6071				     $fix &&
6072				     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
6073				     $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
6074				my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6075				my $comma_close = "";
6076				if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
6077					$comma_close = $1;
6078				}
6079
6080				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6081				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6082				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
6083				$fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
6084				$fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
6085				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
6086				$fixedline = $rawline;
6087				$fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
6088				if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
6089					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
6090				}
6091				$last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
6092			}
6093		}
6094
6095# check for missing a space in a string concatenation
6096		if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
6097			WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
6098			     "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
6099		}
6100
6101# check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
6102# This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
6103# context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
6104# function declarations
6105		if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
6106		    defined($context_function) &&
6107		    get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
6108		    length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
6109			WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
6110			     "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
6111		}
6112
6113# check for unnecessary function tracing like uses
6114# This does not use $logFunctions because there are many instances like
6115# 'dprintk(FOO, "%s()\n", __func__);' which do not match $logFunctions
6116		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\([^"]*"$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}%s(?:\s*\(\s*\)\s*)?$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}(?:\\n)?"\s*,\s*__func__\s*\)\s*;/) {
6117			if (WARN("TRACING_LOGGING",
6118				 "Unnecessary ftrace-like logging - prefer using ftrace\n" . $herecurr) &&
6119			    $fix) {
6120                                fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6121			}
6122		}
6123
6124# check for spaces before a quoted newline
6125		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
6126			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
6127				 "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
6128			    $fix) {
6129				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
6130			}
6131
6132		}
6133
6134# concatenated string without spaces between elements
6135		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Za-z0-9_]/ || $line =~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]$String/) {
 
6136			if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
6137				"Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
6138			    $fix) {
6139				while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
6140					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6141					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
6142					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
6143				}
6144			}
6145		}
6146
6147# uncoalesced string fragments
6148		if ($line =~ /$String\s*"/) {
6149			if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
6150				 "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
6151			    $fix) {
6152				while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
6153					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6154					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
6155				}
6156			}
6157		}
6158
6159# check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
6160		my $show_L = 1;	#don't show the same defect twice
6161		my $show_Z = 1;
6162		while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
6163			my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
6164			$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
6165			# check for %L
6166			if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
6167				WARN("PRINTF_L",
6168				     "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
6169				$show_L = 0;
6170			}
6171			# check for %Z
6172			if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
6173				WARN("PRINTF_Z",
6174				     "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
6175				$show_Z = 0;
6176			}
6177			# check for 0x<decimal>
6178			if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
6179				ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
6180				      "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
6181			}
6182		}
6183
6184# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
6185		if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
6186			WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6187			     "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
6188		}
6189
6190# warn about #if 0
6191		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
6192			WARN("IF_0",
6193			     "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6194		}
6195
6196# warn about #if 1
6197		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
6198			WARN("IF_1",
6199			     "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6200		}
6201
6202# check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
6203		if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
6204			my $tested = quotemeta($1);
6205			my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
6206			if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
6207				my $func = $1;
6208				if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
6209					 "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
6210				    $fix) {
6211					my $do_fix = 1;
6212					my $leading_tabs = "";
6213					my $new_leading_tabs = "";
6214					if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
6215						$leading_tabs = $1;
6216					} else {
6217						$do_fix = 0;
6218					}
6219					if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6220						$new_leading_tabs = $1;
6221						if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
6222							$do_fix = 0;
6223						}
6224					} else {
6225						$do_fix = 0;
6226					}
6227					if ($do_fix) {
6228						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6229						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
6230					}
6231				}
6232			}
6233		}
6234
6235# check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
6236		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6237		    $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
6238		    (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
6239		    $linenr > 3) {
6240			my $testval = $2;
6241			my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
6242
6243			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
6244#			print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
6245
6246			if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6247			    $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
6248				WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
6249				     "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
6250			}
6251		}
6252
6253# check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
6254		if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
6255		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
6256			my $level = $1;
6257			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
6258				 "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
6259			    $fix) {
6260				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
6261			}
6262		}
6263
6264# check for logging continuations
6265		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
6266			WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
6267			     "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
6268		}
6269
6270# check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
6271		if (defined $stat &&
6272		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6273		    index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
6274			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6275			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6276			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6277			pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
6278			while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
6279				my $pspec = $1;
6280				my $h = $2;
6281				my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
6282				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
6283					 "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
6284				    $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
6285					my $nspec = $pspec;
6286					$nspec =~ s/h//g;
6287					$fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
6288				}
6289			}
6290		}
6291
6292# check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
6293		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6294		    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
6295		    $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
6296			WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
6297			     "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
6298		}
6299
6300# check for pointer comparisons to NULL
6301		if ($perl_version_ok) {
6302			while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
6303				my $val = $1;
6304				my $equal = "!";
6305				$equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
6306				if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
6307					"Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
6308					    $fix) {
6309					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
6310				}
6311			}
6312		}
6313
6314# check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
6315		if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
6316			my $attr = $1;
6317			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
6318				my $ptr = $1;
6319				my $var = $2;
6320				if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6321				      ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
6322					    "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
6323				     ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6324				      WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
6325					   "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
6326				    $fix) {
6327					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
6328				}
6329			}
6330		}
6331
6332# check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
6333		if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
6334			my $attr = $1;
6335			$attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
6336			my $attr_prefix = $1;
6337			my $attr_type = $2;
6338			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6339				  "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
6340			    $fix) {
6341				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6342				    s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
6343			}
6344		}
6345
6346# check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
6347		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
6348			my $attr = $1;
6349			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6350				  "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
6351			    $fix) {
6352				my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6353				    /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
6354				$lead = rtrim($1);
6355				$lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
6356				$lead = "${lead}const ";
6357				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
6358			}
6359		}
6360
6361# check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
6362		if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
6363		    $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
6364			if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
6365				  "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
6366			    $fix) {
6367				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
6368			}
6369		}
6370
6371# don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
6372		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6373		    $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
6374			my $constant_func = $1;
6375			my $func = $constant_func;
6376			$func =~ s/^__constant_//;
6377			if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
6378				 "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
6379			    $fix) {
6380				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
6381			}
6382		}
6383
6384# prefer usleep_range over udelay
6385		if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
6386			my $delay = $1;
6387			# ignore udelay's < 10, however
6388			if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
6389				CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
6390				    "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6391			}
6392			if ($delay > 2000) {
6393				WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
6394				     "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
6395			}
6396		}
6397
6398# warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
6399		if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
6400			if ($1 < 20) {
6401				WARN("MSLEEP",
6402				     "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6403			}
6404		}
6405
6406# check for comparisons of jiffies
6407		if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
6408			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6409			     "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6410		}
6411
6412# check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
6413		if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6414			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6415			     "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6416		}
6417
6418# warn about #ifdefs in C files
6419#		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
6420#			print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
6421#			print "$herecurr";
6422#			$clean = 0;
6423#		}
6424
6425# warn about spacing in #ifdefs
6426		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
6427			if (ERROR("SPACING",
6428				  "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6429			    $fix) {
6430				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6431				    s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
6432			}
6433
6434		}
6435
6436# check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
6437		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
6438		    $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
6439			my $which = $1;
6440			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6441				CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
6442				    "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6443			}
6444		}
6445# check for memory barriers without a comment.
6446
6447		my $barriers = qr{
6448			mb|
6449			rmb|
6450			wmb
6451		}x;
6452		my $barrier_stems = qr{
6453			mb__before_atomic|
6454			mb__after_atomic|
6455			store_release|
6456			load_acquire|
6457			store_mb|
6458			(?:$barriers)
6459		}x;
6460		my $all_barriers = qr{
6461			(?:$barriers)|
6462			smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
6463			virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
6464		}x;
6465
6466		if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6467			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6468				WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6469				     "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6470			}
6471		}
6472
6473		my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
6474
6475		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
6476		    $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
6477		    $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
6478		    $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6479			WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6480			     "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
6481		}
6482
6483# check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
6484		if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
6485			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6486				WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
6487				     "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6488			}
6489		}
6490
6491# check for data_race without a comment.
6492		if ($line =~ /\bdata_race\s*\(/) {
6493			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6494				WARN("DATA_RACE",
6495				     "data_race without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6496			}
6497		}
6498
6499# check of hardware specific defines
6500		if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
6501			CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
6502			    "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
6503		}
6504
6505# check that the storage class is not after a type
6506		if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
6507			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6508			     "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
6509		}
6510# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
6511		if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
6512		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
6513		    $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
6514		    $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
6515			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6516			     "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
6517		}
6518
6519# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
6520# storage class and type.
6521		if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
6522		    $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
6523			ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
6524			      "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
6525		}
6526
6527# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
6528		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6529		    $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
6530			if (WARN("INLINE",
6531				 "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6532			    $fix) {
6533				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
6534
6535			}
6536		}
6537
6538# Check for compiler attributes
6539		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6540		    $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
6541			my $attr = $1;
6542			$attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
6543
6544			my %attr_list = (
6545				"alias"				=> "__alias",
6546				"aligned"			=> "__aligned",
6547				"always_inline"			=> "__always_inline",
6548				"assume_aligned"		=> "__assume_aligned",
6549				"cold"				=> "__cold",
6550				"const"				=> "__attribute_const__",
6551				"copy"				=> "__copy",
6552				"designated_init"		=> "__designated_init",
6553				"externally_visible"		=> "__visible",
6554				"format"			=> "printf|scanf",
6555				"gnu_inline"			=> "__gnu_inline",
6556				"malloc"			=> "__malloc",
6557				"mode"				=> "__mode",
6558				"no_caller_saved_registers"	=> "__no_caller_saved_registers",
6559				"noclone"			=> "__noclone",
6560				"noinline"			=> "noinline",
6561				"nonstring"			=> "__nonstring",
6562				"noreturn"			=> "__noreturn",
6563				"packed"			=> "__packed",
6564				"pure"				=> "__pure",
6565				"section"			=> "__section",
6566				"used"				=> "__used",
6567				"weak"				=> "__weak"
6568			);
6569
6570			while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
6571				my $orig_attr = $1;
6572				my $params = '';
6573				$params = $2 if defined($2);
6574				my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
6575				$curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
6576				if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
6577					my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
6578					if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
6579						$params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
6580						$new = "__$1\($2";
6581					} else {
6582						$new = "$new$params";
6583					}
6584					if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6585						 "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
6586					    $fix) {
6587						my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
6588						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
6589						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
6590						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
6591						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
6592					}
6593				}
6594			}
6595
6596			# Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
6597			if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
6598				WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6599				     "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
6600			}
6601		}
6602
6603# Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
6604		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6605		    $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
6606		    ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
6607		     $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
6608			ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
6609			      "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
6610		}
6611
6612# check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
6613		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6614		    $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
6615		    $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
6616			my $type = $1;
6617			if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6618				$type = $1;
6619				my $kernel_type = 'u';
6620				$kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6621				$type =~ /(\d+)/;
6622				$kernel_type .= $1;
6623				if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6624					"Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6625				    $fix) {
6626					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6627				}
6628			}
6629		}
6630
6631# check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6632		if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6633			my $cast = $1;
6634			my $const = $2;
6635			my $suffix = "";
6636			my $newconst = $const;
6637			$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6638			$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6639			if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6640			    $suffix .= 'LL';
6641			} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6642			    $suffix .= 'L';
6643			}
6644			if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6645				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant - '$cast$const' could be '$const$suffix'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6646			    $fix) {
6647				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6648			}
6649		}
6650
6651# check for sizeof(&)
6652		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6653			WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6654			     "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6655		}
6656
6657# check for sizeof without parenthesis
6658		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6659			if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6660				 "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6661			    $fix) {
6662				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6663			}
6664		}
6665
6666# check for struct spinlock declarations
6667		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6668			WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6669			     "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6670		}
6671
6672# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6673		if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6674			my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6675			$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6676			if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6677				if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6678					 "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6679				    $fix) {
6680					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6681				}
6682			}
6683		}
6684
6685# check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6686		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6687		    defined $stat &&
6688		    $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6689		    $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6690			my $stat_real;
6691
6692			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6693			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6694		        for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6695				my $specifier;
6696				my $extension;
6697				my $qualifier;
6698				my $bad_specifier = "";
6699				my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6700				$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6701
6702				while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6703					$specifier = $1;
6704					$extension = $2;
6705					$qualifier = $3;
6706					if ($extension !~ /[4SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6707					    ($extension eq "f" &&
6708					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
6709					    ($extension eq "4" &&
6710					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
6711						$bad_specifier = $specifier;
6712						last;
6713					}
6714					if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6715						if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6716							$stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6717						}
6718						WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6719						     "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6720					}
6721				}
6722				if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6723					my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
 
6724					my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6725					my $use = "";
6726					if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6727						$use = " - use %pS instead";
6728						$use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
 
 
 
6729					}
6730
6731					WARN("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6732					     "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6733				}
6734			}
6735		}
6736
6737# Check for misused memsets
6738		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6739		    defined $stat &&
6740		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6741
6742			my $ms_addr = $2;
6743			my $ms_val = $7;
6744			my $ms_size = $12;
6745
6746			if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6747				ERROR("MEMSET",
6748				      "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6749			} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6750				WARN("MEMSET",
6751				     "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6752			}
6753		}
6754
6755# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6756#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6757#		    defined $stat &&
6758#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6759#			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6760#				 "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6761#			    $fix) {
6762#				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6763#			}
6764#		}
6765
6766# Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6767#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6768#		    defined $stat &&
6769#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6770#			WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6771#			     "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6772#		}
6773
6774# check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6775# check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6776#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6777#		    defined $stat &&
6778#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6779#
6780#			my $ms_val = $7;
6781#
6782#			if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6783#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6784#					 "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6785#				    $fix) {
6786#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6787#				}
6788#			} elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6789#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6790#					 "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6791#				    $fix) {
6792#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6793#				}
6794#			}
6795#		}
6796
 
 
 
 
 
 
6797# strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
6798		if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
6799			WARN("STRLCPY",
6800			     "Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://lore.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wgfRnXz0W3D37d01q3JFkr_i_uTL=V6A6G1oUZcprmknw\@mail.gmail.com/\n" . $herecurr);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6801		}
6802
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6803# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
6804		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6805		    defined $stat &&
6806		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6807			if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
6808				my $call = $1;
6809				my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
6810				my $arg1 = $3;
6811				my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
6812				my $arg2 = $8;
6813				my $cast;
6814
6815				if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
6816					$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
6817				} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
6818					$cast = $cast1;
6819				} else {
6820					$cast = $cast2;
6821				}
6822				WARN("MINMAX",
6823				     "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6824			}
6825		}
6826
6827# check usleep_range arguments
6828		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6829		    defined $stat &&
6830		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
6831			my $min = $1;
6832			my $max = $7;
6833			if ($min eq $max) {
6834				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6835				     "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6836			} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
6837				 $min > $max) {
6838				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
6839				     "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6840			}
6841		}
6842
6843# check for naked sscanf
6844		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6845		    defined $stat &&
6846		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
6847		    ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
6848		     $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
6849		     $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
6850			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6851			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6852			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6853			WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
6854			     "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6855		}
6856
6857# check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
6858		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6859		    defined $stat &&
6860		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
6861			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6862			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6863			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6864			if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
6865				my $format = $6;
6866				my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
6867				if ($count == 1 &&
6868				    $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
6869					WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
6870					     "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6871				}
6872			}
6873		}
6874
6875# check for new externs in .h files.
6876		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
6877		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
6878			if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6879				"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
6880			    $fix) {
6881				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
6882			}
6883		}
6884
6885# check for new externs in .c files.
6886		if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
6887		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
6888		{
6889			my $function_name = $1;
6890			my $paren_space = $2;
6891
6892			my $s = $stat;
6893			if (defined $cond) {
6894				substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
6895			}
6896			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/)
6897			{
6898				WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6899				     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6900			}
6901
6902			if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
6903				WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6904				     "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
6905			}
6906
6907		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6908		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
6909		{
6910			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
6911			     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
6912		}
6913
6914# check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
6915		if (defined $stat &&
6916		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
6917		    $1 ne "void") {
6918			my $args = trim($1);
6919			while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
6920				my $arg = trim($1);
6921				if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
6922					WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
6923					     "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
6924				}
6925			}
6926		}
6927
6928# check for function definitions
6929		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6930		    defined $stat &&
6931		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
6932			$context_function = $1;
6933
6934# check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
6935			my $ok = 0;
6936			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6937			my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6938			for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
6939				my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
6940				$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
6941				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
6942				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
6943				last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
6944			}
6945			if (!$ok) {
6946				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
6947				      "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
6948			}
6949		}
6950
6951# checks for new __setup's
6952		if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
6953			my $name = $1;
6954
6955			if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
6956				CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
6957				    "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
6958			}
6959		}
6960
6961# check for pointless casting of alloc functions
6962		if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
6963			WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
6964			     "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
6965		}
6966
6967# alloc style
6968# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
6969		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6970		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
6971			CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
6972			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
6973		}
6974
6975# check for k[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kcalloc
6976		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6977		    defined $stat &&
6978		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
6979			my $oldfunc = $3;
6980			my $a1 = $4;
6981			my $a2 = $10;
6982			my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
 
 
6983			$newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
6984			my $r1 = $a1;
6985			my $r2 = $a2;
6986			if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
6987				$r1 = $a2;
6988				$r2 = $a1;
6989			}
6990			if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
6991			    !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
6992				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
6993				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6994
6995				if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
6996					 "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
6997				    $cnt == 1 &&
6998				    $fix) {
6999					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*(k[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
7000				}
7001			}
7002		}
7003
7004# check for krealloc arg reuse
7005		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7006		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
7007		    $1 eq $3) {
7008			WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
7009			     "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
7010		}
7011
7012# check for alloc argument mismatch
7013		if ($line =~ /\b((?:devm_)?(?:kcalloc|kmalloc_array))\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
7014			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
7015			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
7016		}
7017
7018# check for multiple semicolons
7019		if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
7020			if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
7021				 "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
7022			    $fix) {
7023				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
7024			}
7025		}
7026
7027# check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
7028		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
7029		    $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
7030			my $ull = "";
7031			$ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
7032			if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
7033				"Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
7034			    $fix) {
7035				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
7036			}
7037		}
7038
7039# check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
7040		if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
7041			WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
7042			     "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
7043		}
7044
7045# check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
7046		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
7047			my $config = $1;
7048			if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
7049				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
7050			    $fix) {
7051				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
7052			}
7053		}
7054
7055# check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
7056		my @fallthroughs = (
7057			'fallthrough',
7058			'@fallthrough@',
7059			'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
7060			'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
7061			'(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7062			'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7063			'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7064		    );
7065		if ($raw_comment ne '') {
7066			foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
7067				if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
7068					my $msg_level = \&WARN;
7069					$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
7070					&{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
7071						      "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
7072					last;
7073				}
7074			}
7075		}
7076
7077# check for switch/default statements without a break;
7078		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7079		    defined $stat &&
7080		    $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
7081			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7082			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7083
7084			WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
7085			     "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
7086		}
7087
7088# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
7089		if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
7090			if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
7091				 "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
7092			    $fix) {
7093				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
7094			}
7095		}
7096
7097# check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
7098		while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
7099			ERROR("DATE_TIME",
7100			      "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
7101		}
7102
7103# check for use of yield()
7104		if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
7105			WARN("YIELD",
7106			     "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
7107		}
7108
7109# check for comparisons against true and false
7110		if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
7111			my $lead = $1;
7112			my $arg = $2;
7113			my $test = $3;
7114			my $otype = $4;
7115			my $trail = $5;
7116			my $op = "!";
7117
7118			($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
7119
7120			my $type = lc($otype);
7121			if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
7122				if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
7123				    ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
7124					$op = "";
7125				}
7126
7127				CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
7128				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
7129
7130## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
7131##				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
7132
7133			}
7134		}
7135
7136# check for semaphores initialized locked
7137		if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
7138			WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
7139			     "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
7140		}
7141
7142# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
7143		if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
7144			WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
7145			     "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
7146		}
7147
7148# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
7149		if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
7150			WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
7151			     "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
7152		}
7153
7154# check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
7155		if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
7156			WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
7157			     "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
7158		}
7159
7160# check for deprecated apis
7161		if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
7162			my $deprecated_api = $1;
7163			my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
7164			WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
7165			     "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
7166		}
7167
7168# check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
7169# and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
7170		if (defined($const_structs) &&
7171		    $line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
7172		    $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
7173			WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
7174			     "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
7175		}
7176
7177# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
7178# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
7179# ignore designated initializers using NR_CPUS
7180		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7181		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7182		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7183		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7184		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7185		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/ &&
7186		    $line !~ /^.\s*\.\w+\s*=\s*.*\bNR_CPUS\b/)
7187		{
7188			WARN("NR_CPUS",
7189			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
7190		}
7191
7192# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
7193		if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
7194			ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
7195			      "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
7196		}
7197
7198# likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
7199		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7200		    $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
7201			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7202			     "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
7203		}
7204
7205# return sysfs_emit(foo, fmt, ...) fmt without newline
7206		if ($line =~ /\breturn\s+sysfs_emit\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*($String)/ &&
7207		    substr($rawline, $-[6], $+[6] - $-[6]) !~ /\\n"$/) {
7208			my $offset = $+[6] - 1;
7209			if (WARN("SYSFS_EMIT",
7210				 "return sysfs_emit(...) formats should include a terminating newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
7211			    $fix) {
7212				substr($fixed[$fixlinenr], $offset, 0) = '\\n';
7213			}
7214		}
7215
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7216# nested likely/unlikely calls
7217		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
7218			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7219			     "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
7220		}
7221
7222# whine mightly about in_atomic
7223		if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
7224			if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
7225				ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
7226				      "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
7227			} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
7228				WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
7229				     "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
7230			}
7231		}
7232
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7233# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
7234		if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
7235		    $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
7236			if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
7237			    $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
7238			    $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
7239				ERROR("LOCKDEP",
7240				      "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
7241			}
7242		}
7243
7244		if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
7245		    $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
7246			WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7247			     "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
7248		}
7249
7250# check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
7251# and whether or not function naming is typical and if
7252# DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
7253		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7254		    defined $stat &&
7255		    $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
7256			my $var = $1;
7257			my $perms = $2;
7258			my $show = $3;
7259			my $store = $4;
7260			my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
7261			if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7262			    $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7263			    $octal_perms eq "0644") {
7264				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
7265					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
7266				    $fix) {
7267					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
7268				}
7269			} elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7270				 $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7271				 $octal_perms eq "0444") {
7272				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
7273					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7274				    $fix) {
7275					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
7276				}
7277			} elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7278				 $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7279				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7280				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
7281					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7282				    $fix) {
7283					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
7284				}
7285			} elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
7286				 $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
7287				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7288				my $newshow = "$show";
7289				$newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
7290				my $newstore = $store;
7291				$newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
7292				my $rename = "";
7293				if ($show ne $newshow) {
7294					$rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
7295				}
7296				if ($store ne $newstore) {
7297					$rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
7298				}
7299				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
7300				     "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
7301			} else {
7302				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
7303				     "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
7304			}
7305		}
7306
7307# Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
7308# This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
7309# o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
7310#   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
7311# o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
7312#   use the default permissions
7313		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7314		    defined $stat &&
7315		    $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
7316			foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
7317				my $func = $entry->[0];
7318				my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
7319
7320				my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7321				$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7322				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7323
7324				my $skip_args = "";
7325				if ($arg_pos > 1) {
7326					$arg_pos--;
7327					$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
7328				}
7329				my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
7330				if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
7331					my $val = $1;
7332					$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
7333					if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
7334					    (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
7335					     ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
7336						ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
7337						      "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7338					}
7339					if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
7340						ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7341						      "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7342					}
7343				}
7344			}
7345		}
7346
7347# check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
7348		while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
7349			my $oval = $1;
7350			my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
7351			if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
7352				 "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
7353			    $fix) {
7354				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
7355			}
7356		}
7357
7358# validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
7359		if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
7360			my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
7361			my $valid_licenses = qr{
7362						GPL|
7363						GPL\ v2|
7364						GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
7365						Dual\ BSD/GPL|
7366						Dual\ MIT/GPL|
7367						Dual\ MPL/GPL|
7368						Proprietary
7369					}x;
7370			if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
7371				WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7372				     "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
7373			}
7374		}
7375
7376# check for sysctl duplicate constants
7377		if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
7378			WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
7379				"duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
7380		}
7381	}
7382
7383	# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
7384	# so just keep quiet.
7385	if ($#rawlines == -1) {
7386		exit(0);
7387	}
7388
7389	# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
7390	# things that appear to be patches.
7391	if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
7392		exit(0);
7393	}
7394
7395	# This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
7396	# just keep quiet.
7397	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
7398		exit(0);
7399	}
7400
7401	if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
7402		ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
7403		      "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
7404	}
7405	if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
7406		if ($signoff == 0) {
7407			ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
7408			      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
7409		} elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
7410			# authorsignoff values:
7411			# 0 -> missing sign off
7412			# 1 -> sign off identical
7413			# 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
7414			# 3 -> addresses match, names different
7415			# 4 -> names match, addresses different
7416			# 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
7417
7418			my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
7419
7420			if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
7421				ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
7422				      "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
7423			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
7424				CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7425				    "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7426			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
7427				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7428				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7429			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
7430				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7431				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7432			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
7433				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7434				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7435			}
7436		}
7437	}
7438
7439	print report_dump();
7440	if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
7441		print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
7442		print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
7443			(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
7444			"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
7445	}
7446
7447	if ($quiet == 0) {
7448		# If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
7449		if (!$clean and !$fix) {
7450			print << "EOM"
7451
7452NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
7453      mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
7454EOM
7455		}
7456		# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
7457		# then suggest that.
7458		if ($rpt_cleaners) {
7459			$rpt_cleaners = 0;
7460			print << "EOM"
7461
7462NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
7463      You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
7464EOM
7465		}
7466	}
7467
7468	if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
7469	    ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
7470	     $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
7471		my $newfile = $filename;
7472		$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
7473		my $linecount = 0;
7474		my $f;
7475
7476		@fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
7477
7478		open($f, '>', $newfile)
7479		    or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
7480		foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
7481			$linecount++;
7482			if ($file) {
7483				if ($linecount > 3) {
7484					$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
7485					print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7486				}
7487			} else {
7488				print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7489			}
7490		}
7491		close($f);
7492
7493		if (!$quiet) {
7494			print << "EOM";
7495
7496Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
7497
7498Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
7499Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
7500
7501This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
7502No warranties, expressed or implied...
7503EOM
7504		}
7505	}
7506
7507	if ($quiet == 0) {
7508		print "\n";
7509		if ($clean == 1) {
7510			print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
7511		} else {
7512			print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
7513		}
7514	}
7515	return $clean;
7516}
v6.8
   1#!/usr/bin/env perl
   2# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   3#
   4# (c) 2001, Dave Jones. (the file handling bit)
   5# (c) 2005, Joel Schopp <jschopp@austin.ibm.com> (the ugly bit)
   6# (c) 2007,2008, Andy Whitcroft <apw@uk.ibm.com> (new conditions, test suite)
   7# (c) 2008-2010 Andy Whitcroft <apw@canonical.com>
   8# (c) 2010-2018 Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
   9
  10use strict;
  11use warnings;
  12use POSIX;
  13use File::Basename;
  14use Cwd 'abs_path';
  15use Term::ANSIColor qw(:constants);
  16use Encode qw(decode encode);
  17
  18my $P = $0;
  19my $D = dirname(abs_path($P));
  20
  21my $V = '0.32';
  22
  23use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_auto_abbrev);
  24
  25my $quiet = 0;
  26my $verbose = 0;
  27my %verbose_messages = ();
  28my %verbose_emitted = ();
  29my $tree = 1;
  30my $chk_signoff = 1;
  31my $chk_patch = 1;
  32my $tst_only;
  33my $emacs = 0;
  34my $terse = 0;
  35my $showfile = 0;
  36my $file = 0;
  37my $git = 0;
  38my %git_commits = ();
  39my $check = 0;
  40my $check_orig = 0;
  41my $summary = 1;
  42my $mailback = 0;
  43my $summary_file = 0;
  44my $show_types = 0;
  45my $list_types = 0;
  46my $fix = 0;
  47my $fix_inplace = 0;
  48my $root;
  49my $gitroot = $ENV{'GIT_DIR'};
  50$gitroot = ".git" if !defined($gitroot);
  51my %debug;
  52my %camelcase = ();
  53my %use_type = ();
  54my @use = ();
  55my %ignore_type = ();
  56my @ignore = ();
  57my $help = 0;
  58my $configuration_file = ".checkpatch.conf";
  59my $max_line_length = 100;
  60my $ignore_perl_version = 0;
  61my $minimum_perl_version = 5.10.0;
  62my $min_conf_desc_length = 4;
  63my $spelling_file = "$D/spelling.txt";
  64my $codespell = 0;
  65my $codespellfile = "/usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt";
  66my $user_codespellfile = "";
  67my $conststructsfile = "$D/const_structs.checkpatch";
  68my $docsfile = "$D/../Documentation/dev-tools/checkpatch.rst";
  69my $typedefsfile;
  70my $color = "auto";
  71my $allow_c99_comments = 1; # Can be overridden by --ignore C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE
  72# git output parsing needs US English output, so first set backtick child process LANGUAGE
  73my $git_command ='export LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8; git';
  74my $tabsize = 8;
  75my ${CONFIG_} = "CONFIG_";
  76
  77my %maybe_linker_symbol; # for externs in c exceptions, when seen in *vmlinux.lds.h
  78
  79sub help {
  80	my ($exitcode) = @_;
  81
  82	print << "EOM";
  83Usage: $P [OPTION]... [FILE]...
  84Version: $V
  85
  86Options:
  87  -q, --quiet                quiet
  88  -v, --verbose              verbose mode
  89  --no-tree                  run without a kernel tree
  90  --no-signoff               do not check for 'Signed-off-by' line
  91  --patch                    treat FILE as patchfile (default)
  92  --emacs                    emacs compile window format
  93  --terse                    one line per report
  94  --showfile                 emit diffed file position, not input file position
  95  -g, --git                  treat FILE as a single commit or git revision range
  96                             single git commit with:
  97                               <rev>
  98                               <rev>^
  99                               <rev>~n
 100                             multiple git commits with:
 101                               <rev1>..<rev2>
 102                               <rev1>...<rev2>
 103                               <rev>-<count>
 104                             git merges are ignored
 105  -f, --file                 treat FILE as regular source file
 106  --subjective, --strict     enable more subjective tests
 107  --list-types               list the possible message types
 108  --types TYPE(,TYPE2...)    show only these comma separated message types
 109  --ignore TYPE(,TYPE2...)   ignore various comma separated message types
 110  --show-types               show the specific message type in the output
 111  --max-line-length=n        set the maximum line length, (default $max_line_length)
 112                             if exceeded, warn on patches
 113                             requires --strict for use with --file
 114  --min-conf-desc-length=n   set the min description length, if shorter, warn
 115  --tab-size=n               set the number of spaces for tab (default $tabsize)
 116  --root=PATH                PATH to the kernel tree root
 117  --no-summary               suppress the per-file summary
 118  --mailback                 only produce a report in case of warnings/errors
 119  --summary-file             include the filename in summary
 120  --debug KEY=[0|1]          turn on/off debugging of KEY, where KEY is one of
 121                             'values', 'possible', 'type', and 'attr' (default
 122                             is all off)
 123  --test-only=WORD           report only warnings/errors containing WORD
 124                             literally
 125  --fix                      EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 126                             If correctable single-line errors exist, create
 127                             "<inputfile>.EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes"
 128                             with potential errors corrected to the preferred
 129                             checkpatch style
 130  --fix-inplace              EXPERIMENTAL - may create horrible results
 131                             Is the same as --fix, but overwrites the input
 132                             file.  It's your fault if there's no backup or git
 133  --ignore-perl-version      override checking of perl version.  expect
 134                             runtime errors.
 135  --codespell                Use the codespell dictionary for spelling/typos
 136                             (default:$codespellfile)
 137  --codespellfile            Use this codespell dictionary
 138  --typedefsfile             Read additional types from this file
 139  --color[=WHEN]             Use colors 'always', 'never', or only when output
 140                             is a terminal ('auto'). Default is 'auto'.
 141  --kconfig-prefix=WORD      use WORD as a prefix for Kconfig symbols (default
 142                             ${CONFIG_})
 143  -h, --help, --version      display this help and exit
 144
 145When FILE is - read standard input.
 146EOM
 147
 148	exit($exitcode);
 149}
 150
 151sub uniq {
 152	my %seen;
 153	return grep { !$seen{$_}++ } @_;
 154}
 155
 156sub list_types {
 157	my ($exitcode) = @_;
 158
 159	my $count = 0;
 160
 161	local $/ = undef;
 162
 163	open(my $script, '<', abs_path($P)) or
 164	    die "$P: Can't read '$P' $!\n";
 165
 166	my $text = <$script>;
 167	close($script);
 168
 169	my %types = ();
 170	# Also catch when type or level is passed through a variable
 171	while ($text =~ /(?:(\bCHK|\bWARN|\bERROR|&\{\$msg_level})\s*\(|\$msg_type\s*=)\s*"([^"]+)"/g) {
 172		if (defined($1)) {
 173			if (exists($types{$2})) {
 174				$types{$2} .= ",$1" if ($types{$2} ne $1);
 175			} else {
 176				$types{$2} = $1;
 177			}
 178		} else {
 179			$types{$2} = "UNDETERMINED";
 180		}
 181	}
 182
 183	print("#\tMessage type\n\n");
 184	if ($color) {
 185		print(" ( Color coding: ");
 186		print(RED . "ERROR" . RESET);
 187		print(" | ");
 188		print(YELLOW . "WARNING" . RESET);
 189		print(" | ");
 190		print(GREEN . "CHECK" . RESET);
 191		print(" | ");
 192		print("Multiple levels / Undetermined");
 193		print(" )\n\n");
 194	}
 195
 196	foreach my $type (sort keys %types) {
 197		my $orig_type = $type;
 198		if ($color) {
 199			my $level = $types{$type};
 200			if ($level eq "ERROR") {
 201				$type = RED . $type . RESET;
 202			} elsif ($level eq "WARN") {
 203				$type = YELLOW . $type . RESET;
 204			} elsif ($level eq "CHK") {
 205				$type = GREEN . $type . RESET;
 206			}
 207		}
 208		print(++$count . "\t" . $type . "\n");
 209		if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$orig_type})) {
 210			my $message = $verbose_messages{$orig_type};
 211			$message =~ s/\n/\n\t/g;
 212			print("\t" . $message . "\n\n");
 213		}
 214	}
 215
 216	exit($exitcode);
 217}
 218
 219my $conf = which_conf($configuration_file);
 220if (-f $conf) {
 221	my @conf_args;
 222	open(my $conffile, '<', "$conf")
 223	    or warn "$P: Can't find a readable $configuration_file file $!\n";
 224
 225	while (<$conffile>) {
 226		my $line = $_;
 227
 228		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 229		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 230		$line =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 231
 232		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 233		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 234
 235		my @words = split(" ", $line);
 236		foreach my $word (@words) {
 237			last if ($word =~ m/^#/);
 238			push (@conf_args, $word);
 239		}
 240	}
 241	close($conffile);
 242	unshift(@ARGV, @conf_args) if @conf_args;
 243}
 244
 245sub load_docs {
 246	open(my $docs, '<', "$docsfile")
 247	    or warn "$P: Can't read the documentation file $docsfile $!\n";
 248
 249	my $type = '';
 250	my $desc = '';
 251	my $in_desc = 0;
 252
 253	while (<$docs>) {
 254		chomp;
 255		my $line = $_;
 256		$line =~ s/\s+$//;
 257
 258		if ($line =~ /^\s*\*\*(.+)\*\*$/) {
 259			if ($desc ne '') {
 260				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 261			}
 262			$type = $1;
 263			$desc = '';
 264			$in_desc = 1;
 265		} elsif ($in_desc) {
 266			if ($line =~ /^(?:\s{4,}|$)/) {
 267				$line =~ s/^\s{4}//;
 268				$desc .= $line;
 269				$desc .= "\n";
 270			} else {
 271				$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 272				$type = '';
 273				$desc = '';
 274				$in_desc = 0;
 275			}
 276		}
 277	}
 278
 279	if ($desc ne '') {
 280		$verbose_messages{$type} = trim($desc);
 281	}
 282	close($docs);
 283}
 284
 285# Perl's Getopt::Long allows options to take optional arguments after a space.
 286# Prevent --color by itself from consuming other arguments
 287foreach (@ARGV) {
 288	if ($_ eq "--color" || $_ eq "-color") {
 289		$_ = "--color=$color";
 290	}
 291}
 292
 293GetOptions(
 294	'q|quiet+'	=> \$quiet,
 295	'v|verbose!'	=> \$verbose,
 296	'tree!'		=> \$tree,
 297	'signoff!'	=> \$chk_signoff,
 298	'patch!'	=> \$chk_patch,
 299	'emacs!'	=> \$emacs,
 300	'terse!'	=> \$terse,
 301	'showfile!'	=> \$showfile,
 302	'f|file!'	=> \$file,
 303	'g|git!'	=> \$git,
 304	'subjective!'	=> \$check,
 305	'strict!'	=> \$check,
 306	'ignore=s'	=> \@ignore,
 307	'types=s'	=> \@use,
 308	'show-types!'	=> \$show_types,
 309	'list-types!'	=> \$list_types,
 310	'max-line-length=i' => \$max_line_length,
 311	'min-conf-desc-length=i' => \$min_conf_desc_length,
 312	'tab-size=i'	=> \$tabsize,
 313	'root=s'	=> \$root,
 314	'summary!'	=> \$summary,
 315	'mailback!'	=> \$mailback,
 316	'summary-file!'	=> \$summary_file,
 317	'fix!'		=> \$fix,
 318	'fix-inplace!'	=> \$fix_inplace,
 319	'ignore-perl-version!' => \$ignore_perl_version,
 320	'debug=s'	=> \%debug,
 321	'test-only=s'	=> \$tst_only,
 322	'codespell!'	=> \$codespell,
 323	'codespellfile=s'	=> \$user_codespellfile,
 324	'typedefsfile=s'	=> \$typedefsfile,
 325	'color=s'	=> \$color,
 326	'no-color'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 327	'nocolor'	=> \$color,	#keep old behaviors of -nocolor
 328	'kconfig-prefix=s'	=> \${CONFIG_},
 329	'h|help'	=> \$help,
 330	'version'	=> \$help
 331) or $help = 2;
 332
 333if ($user_codespellfile) {
 334	# Use the user provided codespell file unconditionally
 335	$codespellfile = $user_codespellfile;
 336} elsif (!(-f $codespellfile)) {
 337	# If /usr/share/codespell/dictionary.txt is not present, try to find it
 338	# under codespell's install directory: <codespell_root>/data/dictionary.txt
 339	if (($codespell || $help) && which("python3") ne "") {
 340		my $python_codespell_dict = << "EOF";
 341
 342import os.path as op
 343import codespell_lib
 344codespell_dir = op.dirname(codespell_lib.__file__)
 345codespell_file = op.join(codespell_dir, 'data', 'dictionary.txt')
 346print(codespell_file, end='')
 347EOF
 348
 349		my $codespell_dict = `python3 -c "$python_codespell_dict" 2> /dev/null`;
 350		$codespellfile = $codespell_dict if (-f $codespell_dict);
 351	}
 352}
 353
 354# $help is 1 if either -h, --help or --version is passed as option - exitcode: 0
 355# $help is 2 if invalid option is passed - exitcode: 1
 356help($help - 1) if ($help);
 357
 358die "$P: --git cannot be used with --file or --fix\n" if ($git && ($file || $fix));
 359die "$P: --verbose cannot be used with --terse\n" if ($verbose && $terse);
 360
 361if ($color =~ /^[01]$/) {
 362	$color = !$color;
 363} elsif ($color =~ /^always$/i) {
 364	$color = 1;
 365} elsif ($color =~ /^never$/i) {
 366	$color = 0;
 367} elsif ($color =~ /^auto$/i) {
 368	$color = (-t STDOUT);
 369} else {
 370	die "$P: Invalid color mode: $color\n";
 371}
 372
 373load_docs() if ($verbose);
 374list_types(0) if ($list_types);
 375
 376$fix = 1 if ($fix_inplace);
 377$check_orig = $check;
 378
 379my $exit = 0;
 380
 381my $perl_version_ok = 1;
 382if ($^V && $^V lt $minimum_perl_version) {
 383	$perl_version_ok = 0;
 384	printf "$P: requires at least perl version %vd\n", $minimum_perl_version;
 385	exit(1) if (!$ignore_perl_version);
 386}
 387
 388#if no filenames are given, push '-' to read patch from stdin
 389if ($#ARGV < 0) {
 390	push(@ARGV, '-');
 391}
 392
 393# skip TAB size 1 to avoid additional checks on $tabsize - 1
 394die "$P: Invalid TAB size: $tabsize\n" if ($tabsize < 2);
 395
 396sub hash_save_array_words {
 397	my ($hashRef, $arrayRef) = @_;
 398
 399	my @array = split(/,/, join(',', @$arrayRef));
 400	foreach my $word (@array) {
 401		$word =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 402		$word =~ s/^\s*//g;
 403		$word =~ s/\s+/ /g;
 404		$word =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
 405
 406		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*#/);
 407		next if ($word =~ m/^\s*$/);
 408
 409		$hashRef->{$word}++;
 410	}
 411}
 412
 413sub hash_show_words {
 414	my ($hashRef, $prefix) = @_;
 415
 416	if (keys %$hashRef) {
 417		print "\nNOTE: $prefix message types:";
 418		foreach my $word (sort keys %$hashRef) {
 419			print " $word";
 420		}
 421		print "\n";
 422	}
 423}
 424
 425hash_save_array_words(\%ignore_type, \@ignore);
 426hash_save_array_words(\%use_type, \@use);
 427
 428my $dbg_values = 0;
 429my $dbg_possible = 0;
 430my $dbg_type = 0;
 431my $dbg_attr = 0;
 432for my $key (keys %debug) {
 433	## no critic
 434	eval "\${dbg_$key} = '$debug{$key}';";
 435	die "$@" if ($@);
 436}
 437
 438my $rpt_cleaners = 0;
 439
 440if ($terse) {
 441	$emacs = 1;
 442	$quiet++;
 443}
 444
 445if ($tree) {
 446	if (defined $root) {
 447		if (!top_of_kernel_tree($root)) {
 448			die "$P: $root: --root does not point at a valid tree\n";
 449		}
 450	} else {
 451		if (top_of_kernel_tree('.')) {
 452			$root = '.';
 453		} elsif ($0 =~ m@(.*)/scripts/[^/]*$@ &&
 454						top_of_kernel_tree($1)) {
 455			$root = $1;
 456		}
 457	}
 458
 459	if (!defined $root) {
 460		print "Must be run from the top-level dir. of a kernel tree\n";
 461		exit(2);
 462	}
 463}
 464
 465my $emitted_corrupt = 0;
 466
 467our $Ident	= qr{
 468			[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*
 469			(?:\s*\#\#\s*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)*
 470		}x;
 471our $Storage	= qr{extern|static|asmlinkage};
 472our $Sparse	= qr{
 473			__user|
 474			__kernel|
 475			__force|
 476			__iomem|
 477			__must_check|
 478			__kprobes|
 479			__ref|
 480			__refconst|
 481			__refdata|
 482			__rcu|
 483			__private
 484		}x;
 485our $InitAttributePrefix = qr{__(?:mem|cpu|dev|net_|)};
 486our $InitAttributeData = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initdata\b)};
 487our $InitAttributeConst = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:initconst\b)};
 488our $InitAttributeInit = qr{$InitAttributePrefix(?:init\b)};
 489our $InitAttribute = qr{$InitAttributeData|$InitAttributeConst|$InitAttributeInit};
 490
 491# Notes to $Attribute:
 492# We need \b after 'init' otherwise 'initconst' will cause a false positive in a check
 493our $Attribute	= qr{
 494			const|
 495			volatile|
 496			__percpu|
 497			__nocast|
 498			__safe|
 499			__bitwise|
 500			__packed__|
 501			__packed2__|
 502			__naked|
 503			__maybe_unused|
 504			__always_unused|
 505			__noreturn|
 506			__used|
 507			__cold|
 508			__pure|
 509			__noclone|
 510			__deprecated|
 511			__read_mostly|
 512			__ro_after_init|
 513			__kprobes|
 514			$InitAttribute|
 515			__aligned\s*\(.*\)|
 516			____cacheline_aligned|
 517			____cacheline_aligned_in_smp|
 518			____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp|
 519			__weak|
 520			__alloc_size\s*\(\s*\d+\s*(?:,\s*\d+\s*)?\)
 521		  }x;
 522our $Modifier;
 523our $Inline	= qr{inline|__always_inline|noinline|__inline|__inline__};
 524our $Member	= qr{->$Ident|\.$Ident|\[[^]]*\]};
 525our $Lval	= qr{$Ident(?:$Member)*};
 526
 527our $Int_type	= qr{(?i)llu|ull|ll|lu|ul|l|u};
 528our $Binary	= qr{(?i)0b[01]+$Int_type?};
 529our $Hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+$Int_type?};
 530our $Int	= qr{[0-9]+$Int_type?};
 531our $Octal	= qr{0[0-7]+$Int_type?};
 532our $String	= qr{(?:\b[Lu])?"[X\t]*"};
 533our $Float_hex	= qr{(?i)0x[0-9a-f]+p-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 534our $Float_dec	= qr{(?i)(?:[0-9]+\.[0-9]*|[0-9]*\.[0-9]+)(?:e-?[0-9]+)?[fl]?};
 535our $Float_int	= qr{(?i)[0-9]+e-?[0-9]+[fl]?};
 536our $Float	= qr{$Float_hex|$Float_dec|$Float_int};
 537our $Constant	= qr{$Float|$Binary|$Octal|$Hex|$Int};
 538our $Assignment	= qr{\*\=|/=|%=|\+=|-=|<<=|>>=|&=|\^=|\|=|=};
 539our $Compare    = qr{<=|>=|==|!=|<|(?<!-)>};
 540our $Arithmetic = qr{\+|-|\*|\/|%};
 541our $Operators	= qr{
 542			<=|>=|==|!=|
 543			=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|!|~|
 544			&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||$Arithmetic
 545		  }x;
 546
 547our $c90_Keywords = qr{do|for|while|if|else|return|goto|continue|switch|default|case|break}x;
 548
 549our $BasicType;
 550our $NonptrType;
 551our $NonptrTypeMisordered;
 552our $NonptrTypeWithAttr;
 553our $Type;
 554our $TypeMisordered;
 555our $Declare;
 556our $DeclareMisordered;
 557
 558our $NON_ASCII_UTF8	= qr{
 559	[\xC2-\xDF][\x80-\xBF]               # non-overlong 2-byte
 560	|  \xE0[\xA0-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding overlongs
 561	| [\xE1-\xEC\xEE\xEF][\x80-\xBF]{2}  # straight 3-byte
 562	|  \xED[\x80-\x9F][\x80-\xBF]        # excluding surrogates
 563	|  \xF0[\x90-\xBF][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # planes 1-3
 564	| [\xF1-\xF3][\x80-\xBF]{3}          # planes 4-15
 565	|  \xF4[\x80-\x8F][\x80-\xBF]{2}     # plane 16
 566}x;
 567
 568our $UTF8	= qr{
 569	[\x09\x0A\x0D\x20-\x7E]              # ASCII
 570	| $NON_ASCII_UTF8
 571}x;
 572
 573our $typeC99Typedefs = qr{(?:__)?(?:[us]_?)?int_?(?:8|16|32|64)_t};
 574our $typeOtherOSTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 575	u_(?:char|short|int|long) |          # bsd
 576	u(?:nchar|short|int|long)            # sysv
 577)};
 578our $typeKernelTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 579	(?:__)?(?:u|s|be|le)(?:8|16|32|64)|
 580	atomic_t
 581)};
 582our $typeStdioTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 583	FILE
 584)};
 585our $typeTypedefs = qr{(?x:
 586	$typeC99Typedefs\b|
 587	$typeOtherOSTypedefs\b|
 588	$typeKernelTypedefs\b|
 589	$typeStdioTypedefs\b
 590)};
 591
 592our $zero_initializer = qr{(?:(?:0[xX])?0+$Int_type?|NULL|false)\b};
 593
 594our $logFunctions = qr{(?x:
 595	printk(?:_ratelimited|_once|_deferred_once|_deferred|)|
 596	(?:[a-z0-9]+_){1,2}(?:printk|emerg|alert|crit|err|warning|warn|notice|info|debug|dbg|vdbg|devel|cont|WARN)(?:_ratelimited|_once|)|
 597	TP_printk|
 598	WARN(?:_RATELIMIT|_ONCE|)|
 599	panic|
 600	MODULE_[A-Z_]+|
 601	seq_vprintf|seq_printf|seq_puts
 602)};
 603
 604our $allocFunctions = qr{(?x:
 605	(?:(?:devm_)?
 606		(?:kv|k|v)[czm]alloc(?:_array)?(?:_node)? |
 607		kstrdup(?:_const)? |
 608		kmemdup(?:_nul)?) |
 609	(?:\w+)?alloc_skb(?:_ip_align)? |
 610				# dev_alloc_skb/netdev_alloc_skb, et al
 611	dma_alloc_coherent
 612)};
 613
 614our $signature_tags = qr{(?xi:
 615	Signed-off-by:|
 616	Co-developed-by:|
 617	Acked-by:|
 618	Tested-by:|
 619	Reviewed-by:|
 620	Reported-by:|
 621	Suggested-by:|
 622	To:|
 623	Cc:
 624)};
 625
 626our @link_tags = qw(Link Closes);
 627
 628#Create a search and print patterns for all these strings to be used directly below
 629our $link_tags_search = "";
 630our $link_tags_print = "";
 631foreach my $entry (@link_tags) {
 632	if ($link_tags_search ne "") {
 633		$link_tags_search .= '|';
 634		$link_tags_print .= ' or ';
 635	}
 636	$entry .= ':';
 637	$link_tags_search .= $entry;
 638	$link_tags_print .= "'$entry'";
 639}
 640$link_tags_search = "(?:${link_tags_search})";
 641
 642our $tracing_logging_tags = qr{(?xi:
 643	[=-]*> |
 644	<[=-]* |
 645	\[ |
 646	\] |
 647	start |
 648	called |
 649	entered |
 650	entry |
 651	enter |
 652	in |
 653	inside |
 654	here |
 655	begin |
 656	exit |
 657	end |
 658	done |
 659	leave |
 660	completed |
 661	out |
 662	return |
 663	[\.\!:\s]*
 664)};
 665
 666sub edit_distance_min {
 667	my (@arr) = @_;
 668	my $len = scalar @arr;
 669	if ((scalar @arr) < 1) {
 670		# if underflow, return
 671		return;
 672	}
 673	my $min = $arr[0];
 674	for my $i (0 .. ($len-1)) {
 675		if ($arr[$i] < $min) {
 676			$min = $arr[$i];
 677		}
 678	}
 679	return $min;
 680}
 681
 682sub get_edit_distance {
 683	my ($str1, $str2) = @_;
 684	$str1 = lc($str1);
 685	$str2 = lc($str2);
 686	$str1 =~ s/-//g;
 687	$str2 =~ s/-//g;
 688	my $len1 = length($str1);
 689	my $len2 = length($str2);
 690	# two dimensional array storing minimum edit distance
 691	my @distance;
 692	for my $i (0 .. $len1) {
 693		for my $j (0 .. $len2) {
 694			if ($i == 0) {
 695				$distance[$i][$j] = $j;
 696			} elsif ($j == 0) {
 697				$distance[$i][$j] = $i;
 698			} elsif (substr($str1, $i-1, 1) eq substr($str2, $j-1, 1)) {
 699				$distance[$i][$j] = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1];
 700			} else {
 701				my $dist1 = $distance[$i][$j - 1]; #insert distance
 702				my $dist2 = $distance[$i - 1][$j]; # remove
 703				my $dist3 = $distance[$i - 1][$j - 1]; #replace
 704				$distance[$i][$j] = 1 + edit_distance_min($dist1, $dist2, $dist3);
 705			}
 706		}
 707	}
 708	return $distance[$len1][$len2];
 709}
 710
 711sub find_standard_signature {
 712	my ($sign_off) = @_;
 713	my @standard_signature_tags = (
 714		'Signed-off-by:', 'Co-developed-by:', 'Acked-by:', 'Tested-by:',
 715		'Reviewed-by:', 'Reported-by:', 'Suggested-by:'
 716	);
 717	foreach my $signature (@standard_signature_tags) {
 718		return $signature if (get_edit_distance($sign_off, $signature) <= 2);
 719	}
 720
 721	return "";
 722}
 723
 724our $obsolete_archives = qr{(?xi:
 725	\Qfreedesktop.org/archives/dri-devel\E |
 726	\Qlists.infradead.org\E |
 727	\Qlkml.org\E |
 728	\Qmail-archive.com\E |
 729	\Qmailman.alsa-project.org/pipermail\E |
 730	\Qmarc.info\E |
 731	\Qozlabs.org/pipermail\E |
 732	\Qspinics.net\E
 733)};
 734
 735our @typeListMisordered = (
 736	qr{char\s+(?:un)?signed},
 737	qr{int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s},
 738	qr{int\s+short(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 739	qr{short\s+int(?:\s+(?:un)?signed)},
 740	qr{(?:un)?signed\s+int\s+short},
 741	qr{short\s+(?:un)?signed},
 742	qr{long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 743	qr{int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 744	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 745	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed\s+long},
 746	qr{int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 747	qr{int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 748	qr{long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed},
 749	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int},
 750	qr{long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 751	qr{long\s+(?:un)?signed},
 752);
 753
 754our @typeList = (
 755	qr{void},
 756	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?char},
 757	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short\s+int},
 758	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?short},
 759	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int},
 760	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int},
 761	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int},
 762	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long},
 763	qr{(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long},
 764	qr{(?:un)?signed},
 765	qr{float},
 766	qr{double},
 767	qr{bool},
 768	qr{struct\s+$Ident},
 769	qr{union\s+$Ident},
 770	qr{enum\s+$Ident},
 771	qr{${Ident}_t},
 772	qr{${Ident}_handler},
 773	qr{${Ident}_handler_fn},
 774	@typeListMisordered,
 775);
 776
 777our $C90_int_types = qr{(?x:
 778	long\s+long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 779	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 780	long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 781	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long\s+int|
 782	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 783	int\s+long\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 784	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+long|
 785
 786	long\s+int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 787	long\s+(?:un)?signed\s+int|
 788	long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 789	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long\s+int|
 790	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 791	int\s+long\s+(?:un)?signed|
 792	int\s+(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?long|
 793
 794	int\s+(?:un)?signed|
 795	(?:(?:un)?signed\s+)?int
 796)};
 797
 798our @typeListFile = ();
 799our @typeListWithAttr = (
 800	@typeList,
 801	qr{struct\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 802	qr{union\s+$InitAttribute\s+$Ident},
 803);
 804
 805our @modifierList = (
 806	qr{fastcall},
 807);
 808our @modifierListFile = ();
 809
 810our @mode_permission_funcs = (
 811	["module_param", 3],
 812	["module_param_(?:array|named|string)", 4],
 813	["module_param_array_named", 5],
 814	["debugfs_create_(?:file|u8|u16|u32|u64|x8|x16|x32|x64|size_t|atomic_t|bool|blob|regset32|u32_array)", 2],
 815	["proc_create(?:_data|)", 2],
 816	["(?:CLASS|DEVICE|SENSOR|SENSOR_DEVICE|IIO_DEVICE)_ATTR", 2],
 817	["IIO_DEV_ATTR_[A-Z_]+", 1],
 818	["SENSOR_(?:DEVICE_|)ATTR_2", 2],
 819	["SENSOR_TEMPLATE(?:_2|)", 3],
 820	["__ATTR", 2],
 821);
 822
 823my $word_pattern = '\b[A-Z]?[a-z]{2,}\b';
 824
 825#Create a search pattern for all these functions to speed up a loop below
 826our $mode_perms_search = "";
 827foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
 828	$mode_perms_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_search ne "");
 829	$mode_perms_search .= $entry->[0];
 830}
 831$mode_perms_search = "(?:${mode_perms_search})";
 832
 833our %deprecated_apis = (
 834	"synchronize_rcu_bh"			=> "synchronize_rcu",
 835	"synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited"		=> "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 836	"call_rcu_bh"				=> "call_rcu",
 837	"rcu_barrier_bh"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 838	"synchronize_sched"			=> "synchronize_rcu",
 839	"synchronize_sched_expedited"		=> "synchronize_rcu_expedited",
 840	"call_rcu_sched"			=> "call_rcu",
 841	"rcu_barrier_sched"			=> "rcu_barrier",
 842	"get_state_synchronize_sched"		=> "get_state_synchronize_rcu",
 843	"cond_synchronize_sched"		=> "cond_synchronize_rcu",
 844	"kmap"					=> "kmap_local_page",
 845	"kunmap"				=> "kunmap_local",
 846	"kmap_atomic"				=> "kmap_local_page",
 847	"kunmap_atomic"				=> "kunmap_local",
 848);
 849
 850#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 851our $deprecated_apis_search = "";
 852foreach my $entry (keys %deprecated_apis) {
 853	$deprecated_apis_search .= '|' if ($deprecated_apis_search ne "");
 854	$deprecated_apis_search .= $entry;
 855}
 856$deprecated_apis_search = "(?:${deprecated_apis_search})";
 857
 858our $mode_perms_world_writable = qr{
 859	S_IWUGO		|
 860	S_IWOTH		|
 861	S_IRWXUGO	|
 862	S_IALLUGO	|
 863	0[0-7][0-7][2367]
 864}x;
 865
 866our %mode_permission_string_types = (
 867	"S_IRWXU" => 0700,
 868	"S_IRUSR" => 0400,
 869	"S_IWUSR" => 0200,
 870	"S_IXUSR" => 0100,
 871	"S_IRWXG" => 0070,
 872	"S_IRGRP" => 0040,
 873	"S_IWGRP" => 0020,
 874	"S_IXGRP" => 0010,
 875	"S_IRWXO" => 0007,
 876	"S_IROTH" => 0004,
 877	"S_IWOTH" => 0002,
 878	"S_IXOTH" => 0001,
 879	"S_IRWXUGO" => 0777,
 880	"S_IRUGO" => 0444,
 881	"S_IWUGO" => 0222,
 882	"S_IXUGO" => 0111,
 883);
 884
 885#Create a search pattern for all these strings to speed up a loop below
 886our $mode_perms_string_search = "";
 887foreach my $entry (keys %mode_permission_string_types) {
 888	$mode_perms_string_search .= '|' if ($mode_perms_string_search ne "");
 889	$mode_perms_string_search .= $entry;
 890}
 891our $single_mode_perms_string_search = "(?:${mode_perms_string_search})";
 892our $multi_mode_perms_string_search = qr{
 893	${single_mode_perms_string_search}
 894	(?:\s*\|\s*${single_mode_perms_string_search})*
 895}x;
 896
 897sub perms_to_octal {
 898	my ($string) = @_;
 899
 900	return trim($string) if ($string =~ /^\s*0[0-7]{3,3}\s*$/);
 901
 902	my $val = "";
 903	my $oval = "";
 904	my $to = 0;
 905	my $curpos = 0;
 906	my $lastpos = 0;
 907	while ($string =~ /\b(($single_mode_perms_string_search)\b(?:\s*\|\s*)?\s*)/g) {
 908		$curpos = pos($string);
 909		my $match = $2;
 910		my $omatch = $1;
 911		last if ($lastpos > 0 && ($curpos - length($omatch) != $lastpos));
 912		$lastpos = $curpos;
 913		$to |= $mode_permission_string_types{$match};
 914		$val .= '\s*\|\s*' if ($val ne "");
 915		$val .= $match;
 916		$oval .= $omatch;
 917	}
 918	$oval =~ s/^\s*\|\s*//;
 919	$oval =~ s/\s*\|\s*$//;
 920	return sprintf("%04o", $to);
 921}
 922
 923our $allowed_asm_includes = qr{(?x:
 924	irq|
 925	memory|
 926	time|
 927	reboot
 928)};
 929# memory.h: ARM has a custom one
 930
 931# Load common spelling mistakes and build regular expression list.
 932my $misspellings;
 933my %spelling_fix;
 934
 935if (open(my $spelling, '<', $spelling_file)) {
 936	while (<$spelling>) {
 937		my $line = $_;
 938
 939		$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 940		$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 941
 942		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 943		next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 944
 945		my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/\|\|/, $line);
 946
 947		$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 948	}
 949	close($spelling);
 950} else {
 951	warn "No typos will be found - file '$spelling_file': $!\n";
 952}
 953
 954if ($codespell) {
 955	if (open(my $spelling, '<', $codespellfile)) {
 956		while (<$spelling>) {
 957			my $line = $_;
 958
 959			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 960			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 961
 962			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 963			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 964			next if ($line =~ m/, disabled/i);
 965
 966			$line =~ s/,.*$//;
 967
 968			my ($suspect, $fix) = split(/->/, $line);
 969
 970			$spelling_fix{$suspect} = $fix;
 971		}
 972		close($spelling);
 973	} else {
 974		warn "No codespell typos will be found - file '$codespellfile': $!\n";
 975	}
 976}
 977
 978$misspellings = join("|", sort keys %spelling_fix) if keys %spelling_fix;
 979
 980sub read_words {
 981	my ($wordsRef, $file) = @_;
 982
 983	if (open(my $words, '<', $file)) {
 984		while (<$words>) {
 985			my $line = $_;
 986
 987			$line =~ s/\s*\n?$//g;
 988			$line =~ s/^\s*//g;
 989
 990			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*#/);
 991			next if ($line =~ m/^\s*$/);
 992			if ($line =~ /\s/) {
 993				print("$file: '$line' invalid - ignored\n");
 994				next;
 995			}
 996
 997			$$wordsRef .= '|' if (defined $$wordsRef);
 998			$$wordsRef .= $line;
 999		}
1000		close($file);
1001		return 1;
1002	}
1003
1004	return 0;
1005}
1006
1007my $const_structs;
1008if (show_type("CONST_STRUCT")) {
1009	read_words(\$const_structs, $conststructsfile)
1010	    or warn "No structs that should be const will be found - file '$conststructsfile': $!\n";
1011}
1012
1013if (defined($typedefsfile)) {
1014	my $typeOtherTypedefs;
1015	read_words(\$typeOtherTypedefs, $typedefsfile)
1016	    or warn "No additional types will be considered - file '$typedefsfile': $!\n";
1017	$typeTypedefs .= '|' . $typeOtherTypedefs if (defined $typeOtherTypedefs);
1018}
1019
1020sub build_types {
1021	my $mods = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@modifierList, @modifierListFile)) . "\n)";
1022	my $all = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", (@typeList, @typeListFile)) . "\n)";
1023	my $Misordered = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListMisordered) . "\n)";
1024	my $allWithAttr = "(?x:  \n" . join("|\n  ", @typeListWithAttr) . "\n)";
1025	$Modifier	= qr{(?:$Attribute|$Sparse|$mods)};
1026	$BasicType	= qr{
1027				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1028				(?:${all}\b)
1029		}x;
1030	$NonptrType	= qr{
1031			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1032			(?:
1033				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1034				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1035				(?:${all}\b)
1036			)
1037			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1038		  }x;
1039	$NonptrTypeMisordered	= qr{
1040			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1041			(?:
1042				(?:${Misordered}\b)
1043			)
1044			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1045		  }x;
1046	$NonptrTypeWithAttr	= qr{
1047			(?:$Modifier\s+|const\s+)*
1048			(?:
1049				(?:typeof|__typeof__)\s*\([^\)]*\)|
1050				(?:$typeTypedefs\b)|
1051				(?:${allWithAttr}\b)
1052			)
1053			(?:\s+$Modifier|\s+const)*
1054		  }x;
1055	$Type	= qr{
1056			$NonptrType
1057			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1058			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1059		  }x;
1060	$TypeMisordered	= qr{
1061			$NonptrTypeMisordered
1062			(?:(?:\s|\*|\[\])+\s*const|(?:\s|\*\s*(?:const\s*)?|\[\])+|(?:\s*\[\s*\])+){0,4}
1063			(?:\s+$Inline|\s+$Modifier)*
1064		  }x;
1065	$Declare	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$Type};
1066	$DeclareMisordered	= qr{(?:$Storage\s+(?:$Inline\s+)?)?$TypeMisordered};
1067}
1068build_types();
1069
1070our $Typecast	= qr{\s*(\(\s*$NonptrType\s*\)){0,1}\s*};
1071
1072# Using $balanced_parens, $LvalOrFunc, or $FuncArg
1073# requires at least perl version v5.10.0
1074# Any use must be runtime checked with $^V
1075
1076our $balanced_parens = qr/(\((?:[^\(\)]++|(?-1))*\))/;
1077our $LvalOrFunc	= qr{((?:[\&\*]\s*)?$Lval)\s*($balanced_parens{0,1})\s*};
1078our $FuncArg = qr{$Typecast{0,1}($LvalOrFunc|$Constant|$String)};
1079
1080our $declaration_macros = qr{(?x:
1081	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:[A-Z_][A-Z0-9]*_){0,2}(?:DEFINE|DECLARE)(?:_[A-Z0-9]+){1,6}\s*\(|
1082	(?:$Storage\s+)?[HLP]?LIST_HEAD\s*\(|
1083	(?:SKCIPHER_REQUEST|SHASH_DESC|AHASH_REQUEST)_ON_STACK\s*\(|
1084	(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:XA_STATE|XA_STATE_ORDER)\s*\(
1085)};
1086
1087our %allow_repeated_words = (
1088	add => '',
1089	added => '',
1090	bad => '',
1091	be => '',
1092);
1093
1094sub deparenthesize {
1095	my ($string) = @_;
1096	return "" if (!defined($string));
1097
1098	while ($string =~ /^\s*\(.*\)\s*$/) {
1099		$string =~ s@^\s*\(\s*@@;
1100		$string =~ s@\s*\)\s*$@@;
1101	}
1102
1103	$string =~ s@\s+@ @g;
1104
1105	return $string;
1106}
1107
1108sub seed_camelcase_file {
1109	my ($file) = @_;
1110
1111	return if (!(-f $file));
1112
1113	local $/;
1114
1115	open(my $include_file, '<', "$file")
1116	    or warn "$P: Can't read '$file' $!\n";
1117	my $text = <$include_file>;
1118	close($include_file);
1119
1120	my @lines = split('\n', $text);
1121
1122	foreach my $line (@lines) {
1123		next if ($line !~ /(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])/);
1124		if ($line =~ /^[ \t]*(?:#[ \t]*define|typedef\s+$Type)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)/) {
1125			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1126		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*$Declare\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[\(\[,;]/) {
1127			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1128		} elsif ($line =~ /^\s*(?:union|struct|enum)\s+(\w*(?:[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z])\w*)\s*[;\{]/) {
1129			$camelcase{$1} = 1;
1130		}
1131	}
1132}
1133
1134our %maintained_status = ();
1135
1136sub is_maintained_obsolete {
1137	my ($filename) = @_;
1138
1139	return 0 if (!$tree || !(-e "$root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl"));
1140
1141	if (!exists($maintained_status{$filename})) {
1142		$maintained_status{$filename} = `perl $root/scripts/get_maintainer.pl --status --nom --nol --nogit --nogit-fallback -f $filename 2>&1`;
1143	}
1144
1145	return $maintained_status{$filename} =~ /obsolete/i;
1146}
1147
1148sub is_SPDX_License_valid {
1149	my ($license) = @_;
1150
1151	return 1 if (!$tree || which("python3") eq "" || !(-x "$root/scripts/spdxcheck.py") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1152
1153	my $root_path = abs_path($root);
1154	my $status = `cd "$root_path"; echo "$license" | scripts/spdxcheck.py -`;
1155	return 0 if ($status ne "");
1156	return 1;
1157}
1158
1159my $camelcase_seeded = 0;
1160sub seed_camelcase_includes {
1161	return if ($camelcase_seeded);
1162
1163	my $files;
1164	my $camelcase_cache = "";
1165	my @include_files = ();
1166
1167	$camelcase_seeded = 1;
1168
1169	if (-e "$gitroot") {
1170		my $git_last_include_commit = `${git_command} log --no-merges --pretty=format:"%h%n" -1 -- include`;
1171		chomp $git_last_include_commit;
1172		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.git.$git_last_include_commit";
1173	} else {
1174		my $last_mod_date = 0;
1175		$files = `find $root/include -name "*.h"`;
1176		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
1177		foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1178			my $date = POSIX::strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M",
1179						   localtime((stat $file)[9]));
1180			$last_mod_date = $date if ($last_mod_date < $date);
1181		}
1182		$camelcase_cache = ".checkpatch-camelcase.date.$last_mod_date";
1183	}
1184
1185	if ($camelcase_cache ne "" && -f $camelcase_cache) {
1186		open(my $camelcase_file, '<', "$camelcase_cache")
1187		    or warn "$P: Can't read '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1188		while (<$camelcase_file>) {
1189			chomp;
1190			$camelcase{$_} = 1;
1191		}
1192		close($camelcase_file);
1193
1194		return;
1195	}
1196
1197	if (-e "$gitroot") {
1198		$files = `${git_command} ls-files "include/*.h"`;
1199		@include_files = split('\n', $files);
1200	}
1201
1202	foreach my $file (@include_files) {
1203		seed_camelcase_file($file);
1204	}
1205
1206	if ($camelcase_cache ne "") {
1207		unlink glob ".checkpatch-camelcase.*";
1208		open(my $camelcase_file, '>', "$camelcase_cache")
1209		    or warn "$P: Can't write '$camelcase_cache' $!\n";
1210		foreach (sort { lc($a) cmp lc($b) } keys(%camelcase)) {
1211			print $camelcase_file ("$_\n");
1212		}
1213		close($camelcase_file);
1214	}
1215}
1216
1217sub git_is_single_file {
1218	my ($filename) = @_;
1219
1220	return 0 if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1221
1222	my $output = `${git_command} ls-files -- $filename 2>/dev/null`;
1223	my $count = $output =~ tr/\n//;
1224	return $count eq 1 && $output =~ m{^${filename}$};
1225}
1226
1227sub git_commit_info {
1228	my ($commit, $id, $desc) = @_;
1229
1230	return ($id, $desc) if ((which("git") eq "") || !(-e "$gitroot"));
1231
1232	my $output = `${git_command} log --no-color --format='%H %s' -1 $commit 2>&1`;
1233	$output =~ s/^\s*//gm;
1234	my @lines = split("\n", $output);
1235
1236	return ($id, $desc) if ($#lines < 0);
1237
1238	if ($lines[0] =~ /^error: short SHA1 $commit is ambiguous/) {
1239# Maybe one day convert this block of bash into something that returns
1240# all matching commit ids, but it's very slow...
1241#
1242#		echo "checking commits $1..."
1243#		git rev-list --remotes | grep -i "^$1" |
1244#		while read line ; do
1245#		    git log --format='%H %s' -1 $line |
1246#		    echo "commit $(cut -c 1-12,41-)"
1247#		done
1248	} elsif ($lines[0] =~ /^fatal: ambiguous argument '$commit': unknown revision or path not in the working tree\./ ||
1249		 $lines[0] =~ /^fatal: bad object $commit/) {
1250		$id = undef;
1251	} else {
1252		$id = substr($lines[0], 0, 12);
1253		$desc = substr($lines[0], 41);
1254	}
1255
1256	return ($id, $desc);
1257}
1258
1259$chk_signoff = 0 if ($file);
1260
1261my @rawlines = ();
1262my @lines = ();
1263my @fixed = ();
1264my @fixed_inserted = ();
1265my @fixed_deleted = ();
1266my $fixlinenr = -1;
1267
1268# If input is git commits, extract all commits from the commit expressions.
1269# For example, HEAD-3 means we need check 'HEAD, HEAD~1, HEAD~2'.
1270die "$P: No git repository found\n" if ($git && !-e "$gitroot");
1271
1272if ($git) {
1273	my @commits = ();
1274	foreach my $commit_expr (@ARGV) {
1275		my $git_range;
1276		if ($commit_expr =~ m/^(.*)-(\d+)$/) {
1277			$git_range = "-$2 $1";
1278		} elsif ($commit_expr =~ m/\.\./) {
1279			$git_range = "$commit_expr";
1280		} else {
1281			$git_range = "-1 $commit_expr";
1282		}
1283		my $lines = `${git_command} log --no-color --no-merges --pretty=format:'%H %s' $git_range`;
1284		foreach my $line (split(/\n/, $lines)) {
1285			$line =~ /^([0-9a-fA-F]{40,40}) (.*)$/;
1286			next if (!defined($1) || !defined($2));
1287			my $sha1 = $1;
1288			my $subject = $2;
1289			unshift(@commits, $sha1);
1290			$git_commits{$sha1} = $subject;
1291		}
1292	}
1293	die "$P: no git commits after extraction!\n" if (@commits == 0);
1294	@ARGV = @commits;
1295}
1296
1297my $vname;
1298$allow_c99_comments = !defined $ignore_type{"C99_COMMENT_TOLERANCE"};
1299for my $filename (@ARGV) {
1300	my $FILE;
1301	my $is_git_file = git_is_single_file($filename);
1302	my $oldfile = $file;
1303	$file = 1 if ($is_git_file);
1304	if ($git) {
1305		open($FILE, '-|', "git format-patch -M --stdout -1 $filename") ||
1306			die "$P: $filename: git format-patch failed - $!\n";
1307	} elsif ($file) {
1308		open($FILE, '-|', "diff -u /dev/null $filename") ||
1309			die "$P: $filename: diff failed - $!\n";
1310	} elsif ($filename eq '-') {
1311		open($FILE, '<&STDIN');
1312	} else {
1313		open($FILE, '<', "$filename") ||
1314			die "$P: $filename: open failed - $!\n";
1315	}
1316	if ($filename eq '-') {
1317		$vname = 'Your patch';
1318	} elsif ($git) {
1319		$vname = "Commit " . substr($filename, 0, 12) . ' ("' . $git_commits{$filename} . '")';
1320	} else {
1321		$vname = $filename;
1322	}
1323	while (<$FILE>) {
1324		chomp;
1325		push(@rawlines, $_);
1326		$vname = qq("$1") if ($filename eq '-' && $_ =~ m/^Subject:\s+(.+)/i);
1327	}
1328	close($FILE);
1329
1330	if ($#ARGV > 0 && $quiet == 0) {
1331		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1332		print "$vname\n";
1333		print '-' x length($vname) . "\n";
1334	}
1335
1336	if (!process($filename)) {
1337		$exit = 1;
1338	}
1339	@rawlines = ();
1340	@lines = ();
1341	@fixed = ();
1342	@fixed_inserted = ();
1343	@fixed_deleted = ();
1344	$fixlinenr = -1;
1345	@modifierListFile = ();
1346	@typeListFile = ();
1347	build_types();
1348	$file = $oldfile if ($is_git_file);
1349}
1350
1351if (!$quiet) {
1352	hash_show_words(\%use_type, "Used");
1353	hash_show_words(\%ignore_type, "Ignored");
1354
1355	if (!$perl_version_ok) {
1356		print << "EOM"
1357
1358NOTE: perl $^V is not modern enough to detect all possible issues.
1359      An upgrade to at least perl $minimum_perl_version is suggested.
1360EOM
1361	}
1362	if ($exit) {
1363		print << "EOM"
1364
1365NOTE: If any of the errors are false positives, please report
1366      them to the maintainer, see CHECKPATCH in MAINTAINERS.
1367EOM
1368	}
1369}
1370
1371exit($exit);
1372
1373sub top_of_kernel_tree {
1374	my ($root) = @_;
1375
1376	my @tree_check = (
1377		"COPYING", "CREDITS", "Kbuild", "MAINTAINERS", "Makefile",
1378		"README", "Documentation", "arch", "include", "drivers",
1379		"fs", "init", "ipc", "kernel", "lib", "scripts",
1380	);
1381
1382	foreach my $check (@tree_check) {
1383		if (! -e $root . '/' . $check) {
1384			return 0;
1385		}
1386	}
1387	return 1;
1388}
1389
1390sub parse_email {
1391	my ($formatted_email) = @_;
1392
1393	my $name = "";
1394	my $quoted = "";
1395	my $name_comment = "";
1396	my $address = "";
1397	my $comment = "";
1398
1399	if ($formatted_email =~ /^(.*)<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1400		$name = $1;
1401		$address = $2;
1402		$comment = $3 if defined $3;
1403	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /^\s*<(\S+\@\S+)>(.*)$/) {
1404		$address = $1;
1405		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1406	} elsif ($formatted_email =~ /(\S+\@\S+)(.*)$/) {
1407		$address = $1;
1408		$comment = $2 if defined $2;
1409		$formatted_email =~ s/\Q$address\E.*$//;
1410		$name = $formatted_email;
1411		$name = trim($name);
1412		$name =~ s/^\"|\"$//g;
1413		# If there's a name left after stripping spaces and
1414		# leading quotes, and the address doesn't have both
1415		# leading and trailing angle brackets, the address
1416		# is invalid. ie:
1417		#   "joe smith joe@smith.com" bad
1418		#   "joe smith <joe@smith.com" bad
1419		if ($name ne "" && $address !~ /^<[^>]+>$/) {
1420			$name = "";
1421			$address = "";
1422			$comment = "";
1423		}
1424	}
1425
1426	# Extract comments from names excluding quoted parts
1427	# "John D. (Doe)" - Do not extract
1428	if ($name =~ s/\"(.+)\"//) {
1429		$quoted = $1;
1430	}
1431	while ($name =~ s/\s*($balanced_parens)\s*/ /) {
1432		$name_comment .= trim($1);
1433	}
1434	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1435	$name = trim("$quoted $name");
1436
1437	$address = trim($address);
1438	$address =~ s/^\<|\>$//g;
1439	$comment = trim($comment);
1440
1441	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1442		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1443		$name = "\"$name\"";
1444	}
1445
1446	return ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment);
1447}
1448
1449sub format_email {
1450	my ($name, $name_comment, $address, $comment) = @_;
1451
1452	my $formatted_email;
1453
1454	$name =~ s/^[ \"]+|[ \"]+$//g;
1455	$address = trim($address);
1456	$address =~ s/(?:\.|\,|\")+$//; ##trailing commas, dots or quotes
1457
1458	if ($name =~ /[^\w \-]/i) { ##has "must quote" chars
1459		$name =~ s/(?<!\\)"/\\"/g; ##escape quotes
1460		$name = "\"$name\"";
1461	}
1462
1463	$name_comment = trim($name_comment);
1464	$name_comment = " $name_comment" if ($name_comment ne "");
1465	$comment = trim($comment);
1466	$comment = " $comment" if ($comment ne "");
1467
1468	if ("$name" eq "") {
1469		$formatted_email = "$address";
1470	} else {
1471		$formatted_email = "$name$name_comment <$address>";
1472	}
1473	$formatted_email .= "$comment";
1474	return $formatted_email;
1475}
1476
1477sub reformat_email {
1478	my ($email) = @_;
1479
1480	my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
1481	return format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment);
1482}
1483
1484sub same_email_addresses {
1485	my ($email1, $email2) = @_;
1486
1487	my ($email1_name, $name1_comment, $email1_address, $comment1) = parse_email($email1);
1488	my ($email2_name, $name2_comment, $email2_address, $comment2) = parse_email($email2);
1489
1490	return $email1_name eq $email2_name &&
1491	       $email1_address eq $email2_address &&
1492	       $name1_comment eq $name2_comment &&
1493	       $comment1 eq $comment2;
1494}
1495
1496sub which {
1497	my ($bin) = @_;
1498
1499	foreach my $path (split(/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
1500		if (-e "$path/$bin") {
1501			return "$path/$bin";
1502		}
1503	}
1504
1505	return "";
1506}
1507
1508sub which_conf {
1509	my ($conf) = @_;
1510
1511	foreach my $path (split(/:/, ".:$ENV{HOME}:.scripts")) {
1512		if (-e "$path/$conf") {
1513			return "$path/$conf";
1514		}
1515	}
1516
1517	return "";
1518}
1519
1520sub expand_tabs {
1521	my ($str) = @_;
1522
1523	my $res = '';
1524	my $n = 0;
1525	for my $c (split(//, $str)) {
1526		if ($c eq "\t") {
1527			$res .= ' ';
1528			$n++;
1529			for (; ($n % $tabsize) != 0; $n++) {
1530				$res .= ' ';
1531			}
1532			next;
1533		}
1534		$res .= $c;
1535		$n++;
1536	}
1537
1538	return $res;
1539}
1540sub copy_spacing {
1541	(my $res = shift) =~ tr/\t/ /c;
1542	return $res;
1543}
1544
1545sub line_stats {
1546	my ($line) = @_;
1547
1548	# Drop the diff line leader and expand tabs
1549	$line =~ s/^.//;
1550	$line = expand_tabs($line);
1551
1552	# Pick the indent from the front of the line.
1553	my ($white) = ($line =~ /^(\s*)/);
1554
1555	return (length($line), length($white));
1556}
1557
1558my $sanitise_quote = '';
1559
1560sub sanitise_line_reset {
1561	my ($in_comment) = @_;
1562
1563	if ($in_comment) {
1564		$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1565	} else {
1566		$sanitise_quote = '';
1567	}
1568}
1569sub sanitise_line {
1570	my ($line) = @_;
1571
1572	my $res = '';
1573	my $l = '';
1574
1575	my $qlen = 0;
1576	my $off = 0;
1577	my $c;
1578
1579	# Always copy over the diff marker.
1580	$res = substr($line, 0, 1);
1581
1582	for ($off = 1; $off < length($line); $off++) {
1583		$c = substr($line, $off, 1);
1584
1585		# Comments we are whacking completely including the begin
1586		# and end, all to $;.
1587		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '/*') {
1588			$sanitise_quote = '*/';
1589
1590			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1591			$off++;
1592			next;
1593		}
1594		if ($sanitise_quote eq '*/' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '*/') {
1595			$sanitise_quote = '';
1596			substr($res, $off, 2, "$;$;");
1597			$off++;
1598			next;
1599		}
1600		if ($sanitise_quote eq '' && substr($line, $off, 2) eq '//') {
1601			$sanitise_quote = '//';
1602
1603			substr($res, $off, 2, $sanitise_quote);
1604			$off++;
1605			next;
1606		}
1607
1608		# A \ in a string means ignore the next character.
1609		if (($sanitise_quote eq "'" || $sanitise_quote eq '"') &&
1610		    $c eq "\\") {
1611			substr($res, $off, 2, 'XX');
1612			$off++;
1613			next;
1614		}
1615		# Regular quotes.
1616		if ($c eq "'" || $c eq '"') {
1617			if ($sanitise_quote eq '') {
1618				$sanitise_quote = $c;
1619
1620				substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1621				next;
1622			} elsif ($sanitise_quote eq $c) {
1623				$sanitise_quote = '';
1624			}
1625		}
1626
1627		#print "c<$c> SQ<$sanitise_quote>\n";
1628		if ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '*/' && $c ne "\t") {
1629			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1630		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote eq '//' && $c ne "\t") {
1631			substr($res, $off, 1, $;);
1632		} elsif ($off != 0 && $sanitise_quote && $c ne "\t") {
1633			substr($res, $off, 1, 'X');
1634		} else {
1635			substr($res, $off, 1, $c);
1636		}
1637	}
1638
1639	if ($sanitise_quote eq '//') {
1640		$sanitise_quote = '';
1641	}
1642
1643	# The pathname on a #include may be surrounded by '<' and '>'.
1644	if ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*include\s+\<(.*)\>/) {
1645		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1646		$res =~ s@\<.*\>@<$clean>@;
1647
1648	# The whole of a #error is a string.
1649	} elsif ($res =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+(.*)\b/) {
1650		my $clean = 'X' x length($1);
1651		$res =~ s@(\#\s*(?:error|warning)\s+).*@$1$clean@;
1652	}
1653
1654	if ($allow_c99_comments && $res =~ m@(//.*$)@) {
1655		my $match = $1;
1656		$res =~ s/\Q$match\E/"$;" x length($match)/e;
1657	}
1658
1659	return $res;
1660}
1661
1662sub get_quoted_string {
1663	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
1664
1665	return "" if (!defined($line) || !defined($rawline));
1666	return "" if ($line !~ m/($String)/g);
1667	return substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
1668}
1669
1670sub ctx_statement_block {
1671	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1672	my $line = $linenr - 1;
1673	my $blk = '';
1674	my $soff = $off;
1675	my $coff = $off - 1;
1676	my $coff_set = 0;
1677
1678	my $loff = 0;
1679
1680	my $type = '';
1681	my $level = 0;
1682	my @stack = ();
1683	my $p;
1684	my $c;
1685	my $len = 0;
1686
1687	my $remainder;
1688	while (1) {
1689		@stack = (['', 0]) if ($#stack == -1);
1690
1691		#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> remain<$remain>\n";
1692		# If we are about to drop off the end, pull in more
1693		# context.
1694		if ($off >= $len) {
1695			for (; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1696				last if (!defined $lines[$line]);
1697				next if ($lines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1698				$remain--;
1699				$loff = $len;
1700				$blk .= $lines[$line] . "\n";
1701				$len = length($blk);
1702				$line++;
1703				last;
1704			}
1705			# Bail if there is no further context.
1706			#warn "CSB: blk<$blk> off<$off> len<$len>\n";
1707			if ($off >= $len) {
1708				last;
1709			}
1710			if ($level == 0 && substr($blk, $off) =~ /^.\s*#\s*define/) {
1711				$level++;
1712				$type = '#';
1713			}
1714		}
1715		$p = $c;
1716		$c = substr($blk, $off, 1);
1717		$remainder = substr($blk, $off);
1718
1719		#warn "CSB: c<$c> type<$type> level<$level> remainder<$remainder> coff_set<$coff_set>\n";
1720
1721		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1722		if ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1723			push(@stack, [ $type, $level ]);
1724		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1725			($type, $level) = @{$stack[$#stack - 1]};
1726		} elsif ($remainder =~ /^#\s*endif\b/) {
1727			($type, $level) = @{pop(@stack)};
1728		}
1729
1730		# Statement ends at the ';' or a close '}' at the
1731		# outermost level.
1732		if ($level == 0 && $c eq ';') {
1733			last;
1734		}
1735
1736		# An else is really a conditional as long as its not else if
1737		if ($level == 0 && $coff_set == 0 &&
1738				(!defined($p) || $p =~ /(?:\s|\}|\+)/) &&
1739				$remainder =~ /^(else)(?:\s|{)/ &&
1740				$remainder !~ /^else\s+if\b/) {
1741			$coff = $off + length($1) - 1;
1742			$coff_set = 1;
1743			#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff> soff<$soff> 1<$1>\n";
1744			#warn "[" . substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1) . "]\n";
1745		}
1746
1747		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '(') && $c eq '(') {
1748			$level++;
1749			$type = '(';
1750		}
1751		if ($type eq '(' && $c eq ')') {
1752			$level--;
1753			$type = ($level != 0)? '(' : '';
1754
1755			if ($level == 0 && $coff < $soff) {
1756				$coff = $off;
1757				$coff_set = 1;
1758				#warn "CSB: mark coff<$coff>\n";
1759			}
1760		}
1761		if (($type eq '' || $type eq '{') && $c eq '{') {
1762			$level++;
1763			$type = '{';
1764		}
1765		if ($type eq '{' && $c eq '}') {
1766			$level--;
1767			$type = ($level != 0)? '{' : '';
1768
1769			if ($level == 0) {
1770				if (substr($blk, $off + 1, 1) eq ';') {
1771					$off++;
1772				}
1773				last;
1774			}
1775		}
1776		# Preprocessor commands end at the newline unless escaped.
1777		if ($type eq '#' && $c eq "\n" && $p ne "\\") {
1778			$level--;
1779			$type = '';
1780			$off++;
1781			last;
1782		}
1783		$off++;
1784	}
1785	# We are truly at the end, so shuffle to the next line.
1786	if ($off == $len) {
1787		$loff = $len + 1;
1788		$line++;
1789		$remain--;
1790	}
1791
1792	my $statement = substr($blk, $soff, $off - $soff + 1);
1793	my $condition = substr($blk, $soff, $coff - $soff + 1);
1794
1795	#warn "STATEMENT<$statement>\n";
1796	#warn "CONDITION<$condition>\n";
1797
1798	#print "coff<$coff> soff<$off> loff<$loff>\n";
1799
1800	return ($statement, $condition,
1801			$line, $remain + 1, $off - $loff + 1, $level);
1802}
1803
1804sub statement_lines {
1805	my ($stmt) = @_;
1806
1807	# Strip the diff line prefixes and rip blank lines at start and end.
1808	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1809	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1810	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1811
1812	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1813
1814	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1815}
1816
1817sub statement_rawlines {
1818	my ($stmt) = @_;
1819
1820	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1821
1822	return $#stmt_lines + 2;
1823}
1824
1825sub statement_block_size {
1826	my ($stmt) = @_;
1827
1828	$stmt =~ s/(^|\n)./$1/g;
1829	$stmt =~ s/^\s*{//;
1830	$stmt =~ s/}\s*$//;
1831	$stmt =~ s/^\s*//;
1832	$stmt =~ s/\s*$//;
1833
1834	my @stmt_lines = ($stmt =~ /\n/g);
1835	my @stmt_statements = ($stmt =~ /;/g);
1836
1837	my $stmt_lines = $#stmt_lines + 2;
1838	my $stmt_statements = $#stmt_statements + 1;
1839
1840	if ($stmt_lines > $stmt_statements) {
1841		return $stmt_lines;
1842	} else {
1843		return $stmt_statements;
1844	}
1845}
1846
1847sub ctx_statement_full {
1848	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1849	my ($statement, $condition, $level);
1850
1851	my (@chunks);
1852
1853	# Grab the first conditional/block pair.
1854	($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1855				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1856	#print "F: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1857	push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1858	if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^\s*(?:\n[+-])?\s*(?:if|else|do)\b/s)) {
1859		return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1860	}
1861
1862	# Pull in the following conditional/block pairs and see if they
1863	# could continue the statement.
1864	for (;;) {
1865		($statement, $condition, $linenr, $remain, $off, $level) =
1866				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $remain, $off);
1867		#print "C: c<$condition> s<$statement> remain<$remain>\n";
1868		last if (!($remain > 0 && $condition =~ /^(?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*(?:else|do)\b/s));
1869		#print "C: push\n";
1870		push(@chunks, [ $condition, $statement ]);
1871	}
1872
1873	return ($level, $linenr, @chunks);
1874}
1875
1876sub ctx_block_get {
1877	my ($linenr, $remain, $outer, $open, $close, $off) = @_;
1878	my $line;
1879	my $start = $linenr - 1;
1880	my $blk = '';
1881	my @o;
1882	my @c;
1883	my @res = ();
1884
1885	my $level = 0;
1886	my @stack = ($level);
1887	for ($line = $start; $remain > 0; $line++) {
1888		next if ($rawlines[$line] =~ /^-/);
1889		$remain--;
1890
1891		$blk .= $rawlines[$line];
1892
1893		# Handle nested #if/#else.
1894		if ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:ifndef|ifdef|if)\s/) {
1895			push(@stack, $level);
1896		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*(?:else|elif)\b/) {
1897			$level = $stack[$#stack - 1];
1898		} elsif ($lines[$line] =~ /^.\s*#\s*endif\b/) {
1899			$level = pop(@stack);
1900		}
1901
1902		foreach my $c (split(//, $lines[$line])) {
1903			##print "C<$c>L<$level><$open$close>O<$off>\n";
1904			if ($off > 0) {
1905				$off--;
1906				next;
1907			}
1908
1909			if ($c eq $close && $level > 0) {
1910				$level--;
1911				last if ($level == 0);
1912			} elsif ($c eq $open) {
1913				$level++;
1914			}
1915		}
1916
1917		if (!$outer || $level <= 1) {
1918			push(@res, $rawlines[$line]);
1919		}
1920
1921		last if ($level == 0);
1922	}
1923
1924	return ($level, @res);
1925}
1926sub ctx_block_outer {
1927	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1928
1929	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 1, '{', '}', 0);
1930	return @r;
1931}
1932sub ctx_block {
1933	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1934
1935	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1936	return @r;
1937}
1938sub ctx_statement {
1939	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1940
1941	my ($level, @r) = ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1942	return @r;
1943}
1944sub ctx_block_level {
1945	my ($linenr, $remain) = @_;
1946
1947	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '{', '}', 0);
1948}
1949sub ctx_statement_level {
1950	my ($linenr, $remain, $off) = @_;
1951
1952	return ctx_block_get($linenr, $remain, 0, '(', ')', $off);
1953}
1954
1955sub ctx_locate_comment {
1956	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1957
1958	# If c99 comment on the current line, or the line before or after
1959	my ($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@^\+.*(//.*$)@);
1960	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1961	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 2] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1962	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1963	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line] =~ m@^[\+ ].*(//.*$)@);
1964	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1965
1966	# Catch a comment on the end of the line itself.
1967	($current_comment) = ($rawlines[$end_line - 1] =~ m@.*(/\*.*\*/)\s*(?:\\\s*)?$@);
1968	return $current_comment if (defined $current_comment);
1969
1970	# Look through the context and try and figure out if there is a
1971	# comment.
1972	my $in_comment = 0;
1973	$current_comment = '';
1974	for (my $linenr = $first_line; $linenr < $end_line; $linenr++) {
1975		my $line = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
1976		#warn "           $line\n";
1977		if ($linenr == $first_line and $line =~ m@^.\s*\*@) {
1978			$in_comment = 1;
1979		}
1980		if ($line =~ m@/\*@) {
1981			$in_comment = 1;
1982		}
1983		if (!$in_comment && $current_comment ne '') {
1984			$current_comment = '';
1985		}
1986		$current_comment .= $line . "\n" if ($in_comment);
1987		if ($line =~ m@\*/@) {
1988			$in_comment = 0;
1989		}
1990	}
1991
1992	chomp($current_comment);
1993	return($current_comment);
1994}
1995sub ctx_has_comment {
1996	my ($first_line, $end_line) = @_;
1997	my $cmt = ctx_locate_comment($first_line, $end_line);
1998
1999	##print "LINE: $rawlines[$end_line - 1 ]\n";
2000	##print "CMMT: $cmt\n";
2001
2002	return ($cmt ne '');
2003}
2004
2005sub raw_line {
2006	my ($linenr, $cnt) = @_;
2007
2008	my $offset = $linenr - 1;
2009	$cnt++;
2010
2011	my $line;
2012	while ($cnt) {
2013		$line = $rawlines[$offset++];
2014		next if (defined($line) && $line =~ /^-/);
2015		$cnt--;
2016	}
2017
2018	return $line;
2019}
2020
2021sub get_stat_real {
2022	my ($linenr, $lc) = @_;
2023
2024	my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, 0);
2025	for (my $count = $linenr + 1; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
2026		$stat_real = $stat_real . "\n" . raw_line($count, 0);
2027	}
2028
2029	return $stat_real;
2030}
2031
2032sub get_stat_here {
2033	my ($linenr, $cnt, $here) = @_;
2034
2035	my $herectx = $here . "\n";
2036	for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
2037		$herectx .= raw_line($linenr, $n) . "\n";
2038	}
2039
2040	return $herectx;
2041}
2042
2043sub cat_vet {
2044	my ($vet) = @_;
2045	my ($res, $coded);
2046
2047	$res = '';
2048	while ($vet =~ /([^[:cntrl:]]*)([[:cntrl:]]|$)/g) {
2049		$res .= $1;
2050		if ($2 ne '') {
2051			$coded = sprintf("^%c", unpack('C', $2) + 64);
2052			$res .= $coded;
2053		}
2054	}
2055	$res =~ s/$/\$/;
2056
2057	return $res;
2058}
2059
2060my $av_preprocessor = 0;
2061my $av_pending;
2062my @av_paren_type;
2063my $av_pend_colon;
2064
2065sub annotate_reset {
2066	$av_preprocessor = 0;
2067	$av_pending = '_';
2068	@av_paren_type = ('E');
2069	$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2070}
2071
2072sub annotate_values {
2073	my ($stream, $type) = @_;
2074
2075	my $res;
2076	my $var = '_' x length($stream);
2077	my $cur = $stream;
2078
2079	print "$stream\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2080
2081	while (length($cur)) {
2082		@av_paren_type = ('E') if ($#av_paren_type < 0);
2083		print " <" . join('', @av_paren_type) .
2084				"> <$type> <$av_pending>" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2085		if ($cur =~ /^(\s+)/o) {
2086			print "WS($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2087			if ($1 =~ /\n/ && $av_preprocessor) {
2088				$type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2089				$av_preprocessor = 0;
2090			}
2091
2092		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\(\s*$Type\s*)\)/ && $av_pending eq '_') {
2093			print "CAST($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2094			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2095			$type = 'c';
2096
2097		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Type)\s*(?:$Ident|,|\)|\(|\s*$)/) {
2098			print "DECLARE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2099			$type = 'T';
2100
2101		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Modifier)\s*/) {
2102			print "MODIFIER($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2103			$type = 'T';
2104
2105		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*define\s*$Ident)(\(?)/o) {
2106			print "DEFINE($1,$2)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2107			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2108			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2109			if ($2 ne '') {
2110				$av_pending = 'N';
2111			}
2112			$type = 'E';
2113
2114		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:undef\s*$Ident|include\b))/o) {
2115			print "UNDEF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2116			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2117			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2118
2119		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:ifdef|ifndef|if))/o) {
2120			print "PRE_START($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2121			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2122
2123			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2124			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2125			$type = 'E';
2126
2127		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:else|elif))/o) {
2128			print "PRE_RESTART($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2129			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2130
2131			push(@av_paren_type, $av_paren_type[$#av_paren_type]);
2132
2133			$type = 'E';
2134
2135		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\#\s*(?:endif))/o) {
2136			print "PRE_END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2137
2138			$av_preprocessor = 1;
2139
2140			# Assume all arms of the conditional end as this
2141			# one does, and continue as if the #endif was not here.
2142			pop(@av_paren_type);
2143			push(@av_paren_type, $type);
2144			$type = 'E';
2145
2146		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\\\n)/o) {
2147			print "PRECONT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2148
2149		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(__attribute__)\s*\(?/o) {
2150			print "ATTR($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2151			$av_pending = $type;
2152			$type = 'N';
2153
2154		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(sizeof)\s*(\()?/o) {
2155			print "SIZEOF($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2156			if (defined $2) {
2157				$av_pending = 'V';
2158			}
2159			$type = 'N';
2160
2161		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(if|while|for)\b/o) {
2162			print "COND($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2163			$av_pending = 'E';
2164			$type = 'N';
2165
2166		} elsif ($cur =~/^(case)/o) {
2167			print "CASE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2168			$av_pend_colon = 'C';
2169			$type = 'N';
2170
2171		} elsif ($cur =~/^(return|else|goto|typeof|__typeof__)\b/o) {
2172			print "KEYWORD($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2173			$type = 'N';
2174
2175		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\()/o) {
2176			print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2177			push(@av_paren_type, $av_pending);
2178			$av_pending = '_';
2179			$type = 'N';
2180
2181		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\))/o) {
2182			my $new_type = pop(@av_paren_type);
2183			if ($new_type ne '_') {
2184				$type = $new_type;
2185				print "PAREN('$1') -> $type\n"
2186							if ($dbg_values > 1);
2187			} else {
2188				print "PAREN('$1')\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2189			}
2190
2191		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident)\s*\(/o) {
2192			print "FUNC($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2193			$type = 'V';
2194			$av_pending = 'V';
2195
2196		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident\s*):(?:\s*\d+\s*(,|=|;))?/) {
2197			if (defined $2 && $type eq 'C' || $type eq 'T') {
2198				$av_pend_colon = 'B';
2199			} elsif ($type eq 'E') {
2200				$av_pend_colon = 'L';
2201			}
2202			print "IDENT_COLON($1,$type>$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2203			$type = 'V';
2204
2205		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Ident|$Constant)/o) {
2206			print "IDENT($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2207			$type = 'V';
2208
2209		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Assignment)/o) {
2210			print "ASSIGN($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2211			$type = 'N';
2212
2213		} elsif ($cur =~/^(;|{|})/) {
2214			print "END($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2215			$type = 'E';
2216			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2217
2218		} elsif ($cur =~/^(,)/) {
2219			print "COMMA($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2220			$type = 'C';
2221
2222		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\?)/o) {
2223			print "QUESTION($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2224			$type = 'N';
2225
2226		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(:)/o) {
2227			print "COLON($1,$av_pend_colon)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2228
2229			substr($var, length($res), 1, $av_pend_colon);
2230			if ($av_pend_colon eq 'C' || $av_pend_colon eq 'L') {
2231				$type = 'E';
2232			} else {
2233				$type = 'N';
2234			}
2235			$av_pend_colon = 'O';
2236
2237		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(\[)/o) {
2238			print "CLOSE($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2239			$type = 'N';
2240
2241		} elsif ($cur =~ /^(-(?![->])|\+(?!\+)|\*|\&\&|\&)/o) {
2242			my $variant;
2243
2244			print "OPV($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2245			if ($type eq 'V') {
2246				$variant = 'B';
2247			} else {
2248				$variant = 'U';
2249			}
2250
2251			substr($var, length($res), 1, $variant);
2252			$type = 'N';
2253
2254		} elsif ($cur =~ /^($Operators)/o) {
2255			print "OP($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2256			if ($1 ne '++' && $1 ne '--') {
2257				$type = 'N';
2258			}
2259
2260		} elsif ($cur =~ /(^.)/o) {
2261			print "C($1)\n" if ($dbg_values > 1);
2262		}
2263		if (defined $1) {
2264			$cur = substr($cur, length($1));
2265			$res .= $type x length($1);
2266		}
2267	}
2268
2269	return ($res, $var);
2270}
2271
2272sub possible {
2273	my ($possible, $line) = @_;
2274	my $notPermitted = qr{(?:
2275		^(?:
2276			$Modifier|
2277			$Storage|
2278			$Type|
2279			DEFINE_\S+
2280		)$|
2281		^(?:
2282			goto|
2283			return|
2284			case|
2285			else|
2286			asm|__asm__|
2287			do|
2288			\#|
2289			\#\#|
2290		)(?:\s|$)|
2291		^(?:typedef|struct|enum)\b
2292	    )}x;
2293	warn "CHECK<$possible> ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 2);
2294	if ($possible !~ $notPermitted) {
2295		# Check for modifiers.
2296		$possible =~ s/\s*$Storage\s*//g;
2297		$possible =~ s/\s*$Sparse\s*//g;
2298		if ($possible =~ /^\s*$/) {
2299
2300		} elsif ($possible =~ /\s/) {
2301			$possible =~ s/\s*$Type\s*//g;
2302			for my $modifier (split(' ', $possible)) {
2303				if ($modifier !~ $notPermitted) {
2304					warn "MODIFIER: $modifier ($possible) ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2305					push(@modifierListFile, $modifier);
2306				}
2307			}
2308
2309		} else {
2310			warn "POSSIBLE: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible);
2311			push(@typeListFile, $possible);
2312		}
2313		build_types();
2314	} else {
2315		warn "NOTPOSS: $possible ($line)\n" if ($dbg_possible > 1);
2316	}
2317}
2318
2319my $prefix = '';
2320
2321sub show_type {
2322	my ($type) = @_;
2323
2324	$type =~ tr/[a-z]/[A-Z]/;
2325
2326	return defined $use_type{$type} if (scalar keys %use_type > 0);
2327
2328	return !defined $ignore_type{$type};
2329}
2330
2331sub report {
2332	my ($level, $type, $msg) = @_;
2333
2334	if (!show_type($type) ||
2335	    (defined $tst_only && $msg !~ /\Q$tst_only\E/)) {
2336		return 0;
2337	}
2338	my $output = '';
2339	if ($color) {
2340		if ($level eq 'ERROR') {
2341			$output .= RED;
2342		} elsif ($level eq 'WARNING') {
2343			$output .= YELLOW;
2344		} else {
2345			$output .= GREEN;
2346		}
2347	}
2348	$output .= $prefix . $level . ':';
2349	if ($show_types) {
2350		$output .= BLUE if ($color);
2351		$output .= "$type:";
2352	}
2353	$output .= RESET if ($color);
2354	$output .= ' ' . $msg . "\n";
2355
2356	if ($showfile) {
2357		my @lines = split("\n", $output, -1);
2358		splice(@lines, 1, 1);
2359		$output = join("\n", @lines);
2360	}
2361
2362	if ($terse) {
2363		$output = (split('\n', $output))[0] . "\n";
2364	}
2365
2366	if ($verbose && exists($verbose_messages{$type}) &&
2367	    !exists($verbose_emitted{$type})) {
2368		$output .= $verbose_messages{$type} . "\n\n";
2369		$verbose_emitted{$type} = 1;
2370	}
2371
2372	push(our @report, $output);
2373
2374	return 1;
2375}
2376
2377sub report_dump {
2378	our @report;
2379}
2380
2381sub fixup_current_range {
2382	my ($lineRef, $offset, $length) = @_;
2383
2384	if ($$lineRef =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+(\d+),(\d+) \@\@/) {
2385		my $o = $1;
2386		my $l = $2;
2387		my $no = $o + $offset;
2388		my $nl = $l + $length;
2389		$$lineRef =~ s/\+$o,$l \@\@/\+$no,$nl \@\@/;
2390	}
2391}
2392
2393sub fix_inserted_deleted_lines {
2394	my ($linesRef, $insertedRef, $deletedRef) = @_;
2395
2396	my $range_last_linenr = 0;
2397	my $delta_offset = 0;
2398
2399	my $old_linenr = 0;
2400	my $new_linenr = 0;
2401
2402	my $next_insert = 0;
2403	my $next_delete = 0;
2404
2405	my @lines = ();
2406
2407	my $inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2408	my $deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2409
2410	foreach my $old_line (@{$linesRef}) {
2411		my $save_line = 1;
2412		my $line = $old_line;	#don't modify the array
2413		if ($line =~ /^(?:\+\+\+|\-\-\-)\s+\S+/) {	#new filename
2414			$delta_offset = 0;
2415		} elsif ($line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/) {	#new hunk
2416			$range_last_linenr = $new_linenr;
2417			fixup_current_range(\$line, $delta_offset, 0);
2418		}
2419
2420		while (defined($deleted) && ${$deleted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2421			$deleted = @{$deletedRef}[$next_delete++];
2422			$save_line = 0;
2423			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset--, -1);
2424		}
2425
2426		while (defined($inserted) && ${$inserted}{'LINENR'} == $old_linenr) {
2427			push(@lines, ${$inserted}{'LINE'});
2428			$inserted = @{$insertedRef}[$next_insert++];
2429			$new_linenr++;
2430			fixup_current_range(\$lines[$range_last_linenr], $delta_offset++, 1);
2431		}
2432
2433		if ($save_line) {
2434			push(@lines, $line);
2435			$new_linenr++;
2436		}
2437
2438		$old_linenr++;
2439	}
2440
2441	return @lines;
2442}
2443
2444sub fix_insert_line {
2445	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2446
2447	my $inserted = {
2448		LINENR => $linenr,
2449		LINE => $line,
2450	};
2451	push(@fixed_inserted, $inserted);
2452}
2453
2454sub fix_delete_line {
2455	my ($linenr, $line) = @_;
2456
2457	my $deleted = {
2458		LINENR => $linenr,
2459		LINE => $line,
2460	};
2461
2462	push(@fixed_deleted, $deleted);
2463}
2464
2465sub ERROR {
2466	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2467
2468	if (report("ERROR", $type, $msg)) {
2469		our $clean = 0;
2470		our $cnt_error++;
2471		return 1;
2472	}
2473	return 0;
2474}
2475sub WARN {
2476	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2477
2478	if (report("WARNING", $type, $msg)) {
2479		our $clean = 0;
2480		our $cnt_warn++;
2481		return 1;
2482	}
2483	return 0;
2484}
2485sub CHK {
2486	my ($type, $msg) = @_;
2487
2488	if ($check && report("CHECK", $type, $msg)) {
2489		our $clean = 0;
2490		our $cnt_chk++;
2491		return 1;
2492	}
2493	return 0;
2494}
2495
2496sub check_absolute_file {
2497	my ($absolute, $herecurr) = @_;
2498	my $file = $absolute;
2499
2500	##print "absolute<$absolute>\n";
2501
2502	# See if any suffix of this path is a path within the tree.
2503	while ($file =~ s@^[^/]*/@@) {
2504		if (-f "$root/$file") {
2505			##print "file<$file>\n";
2506			last;
2507		}
2508	}
2509	if (! -f _)  {
2510		return 0;
2511	}
2512
2513	# It is, so see if the prefix is acceptable.
2514	my $prefix = $absolute;
2515	substr($prefix, -length($file)) = '';
2516
2517	##print "prefix<$prefix>\n";
2518	if ($prefix ne ".../") {
2519		WARN("USE_RELATIVE_PATH",
2520		     "use relative pathname instead of absolute in changelog text\n" . $herecurr);
2521	}
2522}
2523
2524sub trim {
2525	my ($string) = @_;
2526
2527	$string =~ s/^\s+|\s+$//g;
2528
2529	return $string;
2530}
2531
2532sub ltrim {
2533	my ($string) = @_;
2534
2535	$string =~ s/^\s+//;
2536
2537	return $string;
2538}
2539
2540sub rtrim {
2541	my ($string) = @_;
2542
2543	$string =~ s/\s+$//;
2544
2545	return $string;
2546}
2547
2548sub string_find_replace {
2549	my ($string, $find, $replace) = @_;
2550
2551	$string =~ s/$find/$replace/g;
2552
2553	return $string;
2554}
2555
2556sub tabify {
2557	my ($leading) = @_;
2558
2559	my $source_indent = $tabsize;
2560	my $max_spaces_before_tab = $source_indent - 1;
2561	my $spaces_to_tab = " " x $source_indent;
2562
2563	#convert leading spaces to tabs
2564	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)$spaces_to_tab@$1\t@g;
2565	#Remove spaces before a tab
2566	1 while $leading =~ s@^([\t]*)( {1,$max_spaces_before_tab})\t@$1\t@g;
2567
2568	return "$leading";
2569}
2570
2571sub pos_last_openparen {
2572	my ($line) = @_;
2573
2574	my $pos = 0;
2575
2576	my $opens = $line =~ tr/\(/\(/;
2577	my $closes = $line =~ tr/\)/\)/;
2578
2579	my $last_openparen = 0;
2580
2581	if (($opens == 0) || ($closes >= $opens)) {
2582		return -1;
2583	}
2584
2585	my $len = length($line);
2586
2587	for ($pos = 0; $pos < $len; $pos++) {
2588		my $string = substr($line, $pos);
2589		if ($string =~ /^($FuncArg|$balanced_parens)/) {
2590			$pos += length($1) - 1;
2591		} elsif (substr($line, $pos, 1) eq '(') {
2592			$last_openparen = $pos;
2593		} elsif (index($string, '(') == -1) {
2594			last;
2595		}
2596	}
2597
2598	return length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 0, $last_openparen))) + 1;
2599}
2600
2601sub get_raw_comment {
2602	my ($line, $rawline) = @_;
2603	my $comment = '';
2604
2605	for my $i (0 .. (length($line) - 1)) {
2606		if (substr($line, $i, 1) eq "$;") {
2607			$comment .= substr($rawline, $i, 1);
2608		}
2609	}
2610
2611	return $comment;
2612}
2613
2614sub exclude_global_initialisers {
2615	my ($realfile) = @_;
2616
2617	# Do not check for BPF programs (tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/*.c, samples/bpf/*_kern.c, *.bpf.c).
2618	return $realfile =~ m@^tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/.*\.c$@ ||
2619		$realfile =~ m@^samples/bpf/.*_kern\.c$@ ||
2620		$realfile =~ m@/bpf/.*\.bpf\.c$@;
2621}
2622
2623sub process {
2624	my $filename = shift;
2625
2626	my $linenr=0;
2627	my $prevline="";
2628	my $prevrawline="";
2629	my $stashline="";
2630	my $stashrawline="";
2631
2632	my $length;
2633	my $indent;
2634	my $previndent=0;
2635	my $stashindent=0;
2636
2637	our $clean = 1;
2638	my $signoff = 0;
2639	my $author = '';
2640	my $authorsignoff = 0;
2641	my $author_sob = '';
2642	my $is_patch = 0;
2643	my $is_binding_patch = -1;
2644	my $in_header_lines = $file ? 0 : 1;
2645	my $in_commit_log = 0;		#Scanning lines before patch
2646	my $has_patch_separator = 0;	#Found a --- line
2647	my $has_commit_log = 0;		#Encountered lines before patch
2648	my $commit_log_lines = 0;	#Number of commit log lines
2649	my $commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
2650	my $commit_log_long_line = 0;
2651	my $commit_log_has_diff = 0;
2652	my $reported_maintainer_file = 0;
2653	my $non_utf8_charset = 0;
2654
2655	my $last_git_commit_id_linenr = -1;
2656
2657	my $last_blank_line = 0;
2658	my $last_coalesced_string_linenr = -1;
2659
2660	our @report = ();
2661	our $cnt_lines = 0;
2662	our $cnt_error = 0;
2663	our $cnt_warn = 0;
2664	our $cnt_chk = 0;
2665
2666	# Trace the real file/line as we go.
2667	my $realfile = '';
2668	my $realline = 0;
2669	my $realcnt = 0;
2670	my $here = '';
2671	my $context_function;		#undef'd unless there's a known function
2672	my $in_comment = 0;
2673	my $comment_edge = 0;
2674	my $first_line = 0;
2675	my $p1_prefix = '';
2676
2677	my $prev_values = 'E';
2678
2679	# suppression flags
2680	my %suppress_ifbraces;
2681	my %suppress_whiletrailers;
2682	my %suppress_export;
2683	my $suppress_statement = 0;
2684
2685	my %signatures = ();
2686
2687	# Pre-scan the patch sanitizing the lines.
2688	# Pre-scan the patch looking for any __setup documentation.
2689	#
2690	my @setup_docs = ();
2691	my $setup_docs = 0;
2692
2693	my $camelcase_file_seeded = 0;
2694
2695	my $checklicenseline = 1;
2696
2697	sanitise_line_reset();
2698	my $line;
2699	foreach my $rawline (@rawlines) {
2700		$linenr++;
2701		$line = $rawline;
2702
2703		push(@fixed, $rawline) if ($fix);
2704
2705		if ($rawline=~/^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2706			$setup_docs = 0;
2707			if ($1 =~ m@Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt$@) {
2708				$setup_docs = 1;
2709			}
2710			#next;
2711		}
2712		if ($rawline =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@/) {
2713			$realline=$1-1;
2714			if (defined $2) {
2715				$realcnt=$3+1;
2716			} else {
2717				$realcnt=1+1;
2718			}
2719			$in_comment = 0;
2720
2721			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  Run
2722			# the context looking for a comment "edge".  If this
2723			# edge is a close comment then we must be in a comment
2724			# at context start.
2725			my $edge;
2726			my $cnt = $realcnt;
2727			for (my $ln = $linenr + 1; $cnt > 0; $ln++) {
2728				next if (defined $rawlines[$ln - 1] &&
2729					 $rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ /^-/);
2730				$cnt--;
2731				#print "RAW<$rawlines[$ln - 1]>\n";
2732				last if (!defined $rawlines[$ln - 1]);
2733				if ($rawlines[$ln - 1] =~ m@(/\*|\*/)@ &&
2734				    $rawlines[$ln - 1] !~ m@"[^"]*(?:/\*|\*/)[^"]*"@) {
2735					($edge) = $1;
2736					last;
2737				}
2738			}
2739			if (defined $edge && $edge eq '*/') {
2740				$in_comment = 1;
2741			}
2742
2743			# Guestimate if this is a continuing comment.  If this
2744			# is the start of a diff block and this line starts
2745			# ' *' then it is very likely a comment.
2746			if (!defined $edge &&
2747			    $rawlines[$linenr] =~ m@^.\s*(?:\*\*+| \*)(?:\s|$)@)
2748			{
2749				$in_comment = 1;
2750			}
2751
2752			##print "COMMENT:$in_comment edge<$edge> $rawline\n";
2753			sanitise_line_reset($in_comment);
2754
2755		} elsif ($realcnt && $rawline =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/) {
2756			# Standardise the strings and chars within the input to
2757			# simplify matching -- only bother with positive lines.
2758			$line = sanitise_line($rawline);
2759		}
2760		push(@lines, $line);
2761
2762		if ($realcnt > 1) {
2763			$realcnt-- if ($line =~ /^(?:\+| |$)/);
2764		} else {
2765			$realcnt = 0;
2766		}
2767
2768		#print "==>$rawline\n";
2769		#print "-->$line\n";
2770
2771		if ($setup_docs && $line =~ /^\+/) {
2772			push(@setup_docs, $line);
2773		}
2774	}
2775
2776	$prefix = '';
2777
2778	$realcnt = 0;
2779	$linenr = 0;
2780	$fixlinenr = -1;
2781	foreach my $line (@lines) {
2782		$linenr++;
2783		$fixlinenr++;
2784		my $sline = $line;	#copy of $line
2785		$sline =~ s/$;/ /g;	#with comments as spaces
2786
2787		my $rawline = $rawlines[$linenr - 1];
2788		my $raw_comment = get_raw_comment($line, $rawline);
2789
2790# check if it's a mode change, rename or start of a patch
2791		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2792		    ($line =~ /^ mode change [0-7]+ => [0-7]+ \S+\s*$/ ||
2793		    ($line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) \S+\s*$/ ||
2794		     $line =~ /^diff --git a\/[\w\/\.\_\-]+ b\/\S+\s*$/))) {
2795			$is_patch = 1;
2796		}
2797
2798#extract the line range in the file after the patch is applied
2799		if (!$in_commit_log &&
2800		    $line =~ /^\@\@ -\d+(?:,\d+)? \+(\d+)(,(\d+))? \@\@(.*)/) {
2801			my $context = $4;
2802			$is_patch = 1;
2803			$first_line = $linenr + 1;
2804			$realline=$1-1;
2805			if (defined $2) {
2806				$realcnt=$3+1;
2807			} else {
2808				$realcnt=1+1;
2809			}
2810			annotate_reset();
2811			$prev_values = 'E';
2812
2813			%suppress_ifbraces = ();
2814			%suppress_whiletrailers = ();
2815			%suppress_export = ();
2816			$suppress_statement = 0;
2817			if ($context =~ /\b(\w+)\s*\(/) {
2818				$context_function = $1;
2819			} else {
2820				undef $context_function;
2821			}
2822			next;
2823
2824# track the line number as we move through the hunk, note that
2825# new versions of GNU diff omit the leading space on completely
2826# blank context lines so we need to count that too.
2827		} elsif ($line =~ /^( |\+|$)/) {
2828			$realline++;
2829			$realcnt-- if ($realcnt != 0);
2830
2831			# Measure the line length and indent.
2832			($length, $indent) = line_stats($rawline);
2833
2834			# Track the previous line.
2835			($prevline, $stashline) = ($stashline, $line);
2836			($previndent, $stashindent) = ($stashindent, $indent);
2837			($prevrawline, $stashrawline) = ($stashrawline, $rawline);
2838
2839			#warn "line<$line>\n";
2840
2841		} elsif ($realcnt == 1) {
2842			$realcnt--;
2843		}
2844
2845		my $hunk_line = ($realcnt != 0);
2846
2847		$here = "#$linenr: " if (!$file);
2848		$here = "#$realline: " if ($file);
2849
2850		my $found_file = 0;
2851		# extract the filename as it passes
2852		if ($line =~ /^diff --git.*?(\S+)$/) {
2853			$realfile = $1;
2854			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2855			$in_commit_log = 0;
2856			$found_file = 1;
2857		} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\+\+\s+(\S+)/) {
2858			$realfile = $1;
2859			$realfile =~ s@^([^/]*)/@@ if (!$file);
2860			$in_commit_log = 0;
2861
2862			$p1_prefix = $1;
2863			if (!$file && $tree && $p1_prefix ne '' &&
2864			    -e "$root/$p1_prefix") {
2865				WARN("PATCH_PREFIX",
2866				     "patch prefix '$p1_prefix' exists, appears to be a -p0 patch\n");
2867			}
2868
2869			if ($realfile =~ m@^include/asm/@) {
2870				ERROR("MODIFIED_INCLUDE_ASM",
2871				      "do not modify files in include/asm, change architecture specific files in include/asm-<architecture>\n" . "$here$rawline\n");
2872			}
2873			$found_file = 1;
2874		}
2875
2876#make up the handle for any error we report on this line
2877		if ($showfile) {
2878			$prefix = "$realfile:$realline: "
2879		} elsif ($emacs) {
2880			if ($file) {
2881				$prefix = "$filename:$realline: ";
2882			} else {
2883				$prefix = "$filename:$linenr: ";
2884			}
2885		}
2886
2887		if ($found_file) {
2888			if (is_maintained_obsolete($realfile)) {
2889				WARN("OBSOLETE",
2890				     "$realfile is marked as 'obsolete' in the MAINTAINERS hierarchy.  No unnecessary modifications please.\n");
2891			}
2892			if ($realfile =~ m@^(?:drivers/net/|net/|drivers/staging/)@) {
2893				$check = 1;
2894			} else {
2895				$check = $check_orig;
2896			}
2897			$checklicenseline = 1;
2898
2899			if ($realfile !~ /^MAINTAINERS/) {
2900				my $last_binding_patch = $is_binding_patch;
2901
2902				$is_binding_patch = () = $realfile =~ m@^(?:Documentation/devicetree/|include/dt-bindings/)@;
2903
2904				if (($last_binding_patch != -1) &&
2905				    ($last_binding_patch ^ $is_binding_patch)) {
2906					WARN("DT_SPLIT_BINDING_PATCH",
2907					     "DT binding docs and includes should be a separate patch. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/submitting-patches.rst\n");
2908				}
2909			}
2910
2911			next;
2912		}
2913
2914		$here .= "FILE: $realfile:$realline:" if ($realcnt != 0);
2915
2916		my $hereline = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2917		my $herecurr = "$here\n$rawline\n";
2918		my $hereprev = "$here\n$prevrawline\n$rawline\n";
2919
2920		$cnt_lines++ if ($realcnt != 0);
2921
2922# Verify the existence of a commit log if appropriate
2923# 2 is used because a $signature is counted in $commit_log_lines
2924		if ($in_commit_log) {
2925			if ($line !~ /^\s*$/) {
2926				$commit_log_lines++;	#could be a $signature
2927			}
2928		} elsif ($has_commit_log && $commit_log_lines < 2) {
2929			WARN("COMMIT_MESSAGE",
2930			     "Missing commit description - Add an appropriate one\n");
2931			$commit_log_lines = 2;	#warn only once
2932		}
2933
2934# Check if the commit log has what seems like a diff which can confuse patch
2935		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_has_diff &&
2936		    (($line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/([\w/]+)@ &&
2937		      $line =~ m@^\s+diff\b.*a/[\w/]+\s+b/$1\b@) ||
2938		     $line =~ m@^\s*(?:\-\-\-\s+a/|\+\+\+\s+b/)@ ||
2939		     $line =~ m/^\s*\@\@ \-\d+,\d+ \+\d+,\d+ \@\@/)) {
2940			ERROR("DIFF_IN_COMMIT_MSG",
2941			      "Avoid using diff content in the commit message - patch(1) might not work\n" . $herecurr);
2942			$commit_log_has_diff = 1;
2943		}
2944
2945# Check for incorrect file permissions
2946		if ($line =~ /^new (file )?mode.*[7531]\d{0,2}$/) {
2947			my $permhere = $here . "FILE: $realfile\n";
2948			if ($realfile !~ m@scripts/@ &&
2949			    $realfile !~ /\.(py|pl|awk|sh)$/) {
2950				ERROR("EXECUTE_PERMISSIONS",
2951				      "do not set execute permissions for source files\n" . $permhere);
2952			}
2953		}
2954
2955# Check the patch for a From:
2956		if (decode("MIME-Header", $line) =~ /^From:\s*(.*)/) {
2957			$author = $1;
2958			my $curline = $linenr;
2959			while(defined($rawlines[$curline]) && ($rawlines[$curline++] =~ /^[ \t]\s*(.*)/)) {
2960				$author .= $1;
2961			}
2962			$author = encode("utf8", $author) if ($line =~ /=\?utf-8\?/i);
2963			$author =~ s/"//g;
2964			$author = reformat_email($author);
2965		}
2966
2967# Check the patch for a signoff:
2968		if ($line =~ /^\s*signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
2969			$signoff++;
2970			$in_commit_log = 0;
2971			if ($author ne ''  && $authorsignoff != 1) {
2972				if (same_email_addresses($1, $author)) {
2973					$authorsignoff = 1;
2974				} else {
2975					my $ctx = $1;
2976					my ($email_name, $email_comment, $email_address, $comment1) = parse_email($ctx);
2977					my ($author_name, $author_comment, $author_address, $comment2) = parse_email($author);
2978
2979					if (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address && $email_name eq $author_name) {
2980						$author_sob = $ctx;
2981						$authorsignoff = 2;
2982					} elsif (lc $email_address eq lc $author_address) {
2983						$author_sob = $ctx;
2984						$authorsignoff = 3;
2985					} elsif ($email_name eq $author_name) {
2986						$author_sob = $ctx;
2987						$authorsignoff = 4;
2988
2989						my $address1 = $email_address;
2990						my $address2 = $author_address;
2991
2992						if ($address1 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2993							$address1 = "$1$2";
2994						}
2995						if ($address2 =~ /(\S+)\+\S+(\@.*)/) {
2996							$address2 = "$1$2";
2997						}
2998						if ($address1 eq $address2) {
2999							$authorsignoff = 5;
3000						}
3001					}
3002				}
3003			}
3004		}
3005
3006# Check for patch separator
3007		if ($line =~ /^---$/) {
3008			$has_patch_separator = 1;
3009			$in_commit_log = 0;
3010		}
3011
3012# Check if MAINTAINERS is being updated.  If so, there's probably no need to
3013# emit the "does MAINTAINERS need updating?" message on file add/move/delete
3014		if ($line =~ /^\s*MAINTAINERS\s*\|/) {
3015			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3016		}
3017
3018# Check signature styles
3019		if (!$in_header_lines &&
3020		    $line =~ /^(\s*)([a-z0-9_-]+by:|$signature_tags)(\s*)(.*)/i) {
3021			my $space_before = $1;
3022			my $sign_off = $2;
3023			my $space_after = $3;
3024			my $email = $4;
3025			my $ucfirst_sign_off = ucfirst(lc($sign_off));
3026
3027			if ($sign_off !~ /$signature_tags/) {
3028				my $suggested_signature = find_standard_signature($sign_off);
3029				if ($suggested_signature eq "") {
3030					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3031					     "Non-standard signature: $sign_off\n" . $herecurr);
3032				} else {
3033					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3034						 "Non-standard signature: '$sign_off' - perhaps '$suggested_signature'?\n" . $herecurr) &&
3035					    $fix) {
3036						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$sign_off/$suggested_signature/;
3037					}
3038				}
3039			}
3040			if (defined $space_before && $space_before ne "") {
3041				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3042					 "Do not use whitespace before $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3043				    $fix) {
3044					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3045					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3046				}
3047			}
3048			if ($sign_off =~ /-by:$/i && $sign_off ne $ucfirst_sign_off) {
3049				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3050					 "'$ucfirst_sign_off' is the preferred signature form\n" . $herecurr) &&
3051				    $fix) {
3052					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3053					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3054				}
3055
3056			}
3057			if (!defined $space_after || $space_after ne " ") {
3058				if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3059					 "Use a single space after $ucfirst_sign_off\n" . $herecurr) &&
3060				    $fix) {
3061					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =
3062					    "$ucfirst_sign_off $email";
3063				}
3064			}
3065
3066			my ($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment) = parse_email($email);
3067			my $suggested_email = format_email(($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $comment));
3068			if ($suggested_email eq "") {
3069				ERROR("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3070				      "Unrecognized email address: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3071			} else {
3072				my $dequoted = $suggested_email;
3073				$dequoted =~ s/^"//;
3074				$dequoted =~ s/" </ </;
3075				# Don't force email to have quotes
3076				# Allow just an angle bracketed address
3077				if (!same_email_addresses($email, $suggested_email)) {
3078					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3079						 "email address '$email' might be better as '$suggested_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3080					    $fix) {
3081						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$suggested_email/;
3082					}
3083				}
3084
3085				# Address part shouldn't have comments
3086				my $stripped_address = $email_address;
3087				$stripped_address =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g;
3088				if ($email_address ne $stripped_address) {
3089					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3090						 "address part of email should not have comments: '$email_address'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3091					    $fix) {
3092						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email_address\E/$stripped_address/;
3093					}
3094				}
3095
3096				# Only one name comment should be allowed
3097				my $comment_count = () = $name_comment =~ /\([^\)]+\)/g;
3098				if ($comment_count > 1) {
3099					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3100					     "Use a single name comment in email: '$email'\n" . $herecurr);
3101				}
3102
3103
3104				# stable@vger.kernel.org or stable@kernel.org shouldn't
3105				# have an email name. In addition comments should strictly
3106				# begin with a #
3107				if ($email =~ /^.*stable\@(?:vger\.)?kernel\.org/i) {
3108					if (($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^#.+/) ||
3109					    ($email_name ne "")) {
3110						my $cur_name = $email_name;
3111						my $new_comment = $comment;
3112						$cur_name =~ s/[a-zA-Z\s\-\"]+//g;
3113
3114						# Remove brackets enclosing comment text
3115						# and # from start of comments to get comment text
3116						$new_comment =~ s/^\((.*)\)$/$1/;
3117						$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3118						$new_comment =~ s/^[\s\#]+|\s+$//g;
3119
3120						$new_comment = trim("$new_comment $cur_name") if ($cur_name ne $new_comment);
3121						$new_comment = " # $new_comment" if ($new_comment ne "");
3122						my $new_email = "$email_address$new_comment";
3123
3124						if (WARN("BAD_STABLE_ADDRESS_STYLE",
3125							 "Invalid email format for stable: '$email', prefer '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3126						    $fix) {
3127							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3128						}
3129					}
3130				} elsif ($comment ne "" && $comment !~ /^(?:#.+|\(.+\))$/) {
3131					my $new_comment = $comment;
3132
3133					# Extract comment text from within brackets or
3134					# c89 style /*...*/ comments
3135					$new_comment =~ s/^\[(.*)\]$/$1/;
3136					$new_comment =~ s/^\/\*(.*)\*\/$/$1/;
3137
3138					$new_comment = trim($new_comment);
3139					$new_comment =~ s/^[^\w]$//; # Single lettered comment with non word character is usually a typo
3140					$new_comment = "($new_comment)" if ($new_comment ne "");
3141					my $new_email = format_email($email_name, $name_comment, $email_address, $new_comment);
3142
3143					if (WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3144						 "Unexpected content after email: '$email', should be: '$new_email'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3145					    $fix) {
3146						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$email\E/$new_email/;
3147					}
3148				}
3149			}
3150
3151# Check for duplicate signatures
3152			my $sig_nospace = $line;
3153			$sig_nospace =~ s/\s//g;
3154			$sig_nospace = lc($sig_nospace);
3155			if (defined $signatures{$sig_nospace}) {
3156				WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3157				     "Duplicate signature\n" . $herecurr);
3158			} else {
3159				$signatures{$sig_nospace} = 1;
3160			}
3161
3162# Check Co-developed-by: immediately followed by Signed-off-by: with same name and email
3163			if ($sign_off =~ /^co-developed-by:$/i) {
3164				if ($email eq $author) {
3165					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3166					      "Co-developed-by: should not be used to attribute nominal patch author '$author'\n" . $herecurr);
3167				}
3168				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3169					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3170					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . $herecurr);
3171				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^signed-off-by:\s*(.*)/i) {
3172					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3173					     "Co-developed-by: must be immediately followed by Signed-off-by:\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3174				} elsif ($1 ne $email) {
3175					WARN("BAD_SIGN_OFF",
3176					     "Co-developed-by and Signed-off-by: name/email do not match\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3177				}
3178			}
3179
3180# check if Reported-by: is followed by a Closes: tag
3181			if ($sign_off =~ /^reported(?:|-and-tested)-by:$/i) {
3182				if (!defined $lines[$linenr]) {
3183					WARN("BAD_REPORTED_BY_LINK",
3184					     "Reported-by: should be immediately followed by Closes: with a URL to the report\n" . $herecurr . "\n");
3185				} elsif ($rawlines[$linenr] !~ /^closes:\s*/i) {
3186					WARN("BAD_REPORTED_BY_LINK",
3187					     "Reported-by: should be immediately followed by Closes: with a URL to the report\n" . $herecurr . $rawlines[$linenr] . "\n");
3188				}
3189			}
3190		}
3191
3192
3193# Check Fixes: styles is correct
3194		if (!$in_header_lines &&
3195		    $line =~ /^\s*fixes:?\s*(?:commit\s*)?[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i) {
3196			my $orig_commit = "";
3197			my $id = "0123456789ab";
3198			my $title = "commit title";
3199			my $tag_case = 1;
3200			my $tag_space = 1;
3201			my $id_length = 1;
3202			my $id_case = 1;
3203			my $title_has_quotes = 0;
3204
3205			if ($line =~ /(\s*fixes:?)\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\s+($balanced_parens)/i) {
3206				my $tag = $1;
3207				$orig_commit = $2;
3208				$title = $3;
3209
3210				$tag_case = 0 if $tag eq "Fixes:";
3211				$tag_space = 0 if ($line =~ /^fixes:? [0-9a-f]{5,} ($balanced_parens)/i);
3212
3213				$id_length = 0 if ($orig_commit =~ /^[0-9a-f]{12}$/i);
3214				$id_case = 0 if ($orig_commit !~ /[A-F]/);
3215
3216				# Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
3217				$title = substr($title, 1, -1);
3218				if ($title =~ /^".*"$/) {
3219					$title = substr($title, 1, -1);
3220					$title_has_quotes = 1;
3221				}
3222			}
3223
3224			my ($cid, $ctitle) = git_commit_info($orig_commit, $id,
3225							     $title);
3226
3227			if ($ctitle ne $title || $tag_case || $tag_space ||
3228			    $id_length || $id_case || !$title_has_quotes) {
3229				if (WARN("BAD_FIXES_TAG",
3230				     "Please use correct Fixes: style 'Fixes: <12 chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: 'Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3231				    $fix) {
3232					$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "Fixes: $cid (\"$ctitle\")";
3233				}
3234			}
3235		}
3236
3237# Check email subject for common tools that don't need to be mentioned
3238		if ($in_header_lines &&
3239		    $line =~ /^Subject:.*\b(?:checkpatch|sparse|smatch)\b[^:]/i) {
3240			WARN("EMAIL_SUBJECT",
3241			     "A patch subject line should describe the change not the tool that found it\n" . $herecurr);
3242		}
3243
3244# Check for Gerrit Change-Ids not in any patch context
3245		if ($realfile eq '' && !$has_patch_separator && $line =~ /^\s*change-id:/i) {
3246			if (ERROR("GERRIT_CHANGE_ID",
3247			          "Remove Gerrit Change-Id's before submitting upstream\n" . $herecurr) &&
3248			    $fix) {
3249				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
3250			}
3251		}
3252
3253# Check if the commit log is in a possible stack dump
3254		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3255		    ($line =~ /^\s*(?:WARNING:|BUG:)/ ||
3256		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\s*\d+\.\d{6,6}\s*\]/ ||
3257					# timestamp
3258		     $line =~ /^\s*\[\<[0-9a-fA-F]{8,}\>\]/) ||
3259		     $line =~ /^(?:\s+\w+:\s+[0-9a-fA-F]+){3,3}/ ||
3260		     $line =~ /^\s*\#\d+\s*\[[0-9a-fA-F]+\]\s*\w+ at [0-9a-fA-F]+/) {
3261					# stack dump address styles
3262			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 1;
3263		}
3264
3265# Check for line lengths > 75 in commit log, warn once
3266		if ($in_commit_log && !$commit_log_long_line &&
3267		    length($line) > 75 &&
3268		    !($line =~ /^\s*[a-zA-Z0-9_\/\.]+\s+\|\s+\d+/ ||
3269					# file delta changes
3270		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:[\w\.\-\+]*\/)++[\w\.\-\+]+:/ ||
3271					# filename then :
3272		      $line =~ /^\s*(?:Fixes:|$link_tags_search|$signature_tags)/i ||
3273					# A Fixes:, link or signature tag line
3274		      $commit_log_possible_stack_dump)) {
3275			WARN("COMMIT_LOG_LONG_LINE",
3276			     "Prefer a maximum 75 chars per line (possible unwrapped commit description?)\n" . $herecurr);
3277			$commit_log_long_line = 1;
3278		}
3279
3280# Reset possible stack dump if a blank line is found
3281		if ($in_commit_log && $commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3282		    $line =~ /^\s*$/) {
3283			$commit_log_possible_stack_dump = 0;
3284		}
3285
3286# Check for odd tags before a URI/URL
3287		if ($in_commit_log &&
3288		    $line =~ /^\s*(\w+:)\s*http/ && $1 !~ /^$link_tags_search$/) {
3289			if ($1 =~ /^v(?:ersion)?\d+/i) {
3290				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_VERSIONING",
3291				     "Patch version information should be after the --- line\n" . $herecurr);
3292			} else {
3293				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_USE_LINK",
3294				     "Unknown link reference '$1', use $link_tags_print instead\n" . $herecurr);
3295			}
3296		}
3297
3298# Check for misuse of the link tags
3299		if ($in_commit_log &&
3300		    $line =~ /^\s*(\w+:)\s*(\S+)/) {
3301			my $tag = $1;
3302			my $value = $2;
3303			if ($tag =~ /^$link_tags_search$/ && $value !~ m{^https?://}) {
3304				WARN("COMMIT_LOG_WRONG_LINK",
3305				     "'$tag' should be followed by a public http(s) link\n" . $herecurr);
3306			}
3307		}
3308
3309# Check for lines starting with a #
3310		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /^#/) {
3311			if (WARN("COMMIT_COMMENT_SYMBOL",
3312				 "Commit log lines starting with '#' are dropped by git as comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
3313			    $fix) {
3314				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^/ /;
3315			}
3316		}
3317
3318# Check for git id commit length and improperly formed commit descriptions
3319# A correctly formed commit description is:
3320#    commit <SHA-1 hash length 12+ chars> ("Complete commit subject")
3321# with the commit subject '("' prefix and '")' suffix
3322# This is a fairly compilicated block as it tests for what appears to be
3323# bare SHA-1 hash with  minimum length of 5.  It also avoids several types of
3324# possible SHA-1 matches.
3325# A commit match can span multiple lines so this block attempts to find a
3326# complete typical commit on a maximum of 3 lines
3327		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3328		    $in_commit_log && !$commit_log_possible_stack_dump &&
3329		    $line !~ /^\s*(?:Link|Patchwork|http|https|BugLink|base-commit):/i &&
3330		    $line !~ /^This reverts commit [0-9a-f]{7,40}/ &&
3331		    (($line =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i ||
3332		      ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i && defined($rawlines[$linenr]) && $rawlines[$linenr] =~ /^\s*[0-9a-f]{5,}\b/i)) ||
3333		     ($line =~ /(?:\s|^)[0-9a-f]{12,40}(?:[\s"'\(\[]|$)/i &&
3334		      $line !~ /[\<\[][0-9a-f]{12,40}[\>\]]/i &&
3335		      $line !~ /\bfixes:\s*[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i))) {
3336			my $init_char = "c";
3337			my $orig_commit = "";
3338			my $short = 1;
3339			my $long = 0;
3340			my $case = 1;
3341			my $space = 1;
 
 
3342			my $id = '0123456789ab';
3343			my $orig_desc = "commit description";
3344			my $description = "";
3345			my $herectx = $herecurr;
3346			my $has_parens = 0;
3347			my $has_quotes = 0;
3348
3349			my $input = $line;
3350			if ($line =~ /(?:\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}|\bcommit\s*$)/i) {
3351				for (my $n = 0; $n < 2; $n++) {
3352					if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,}\s*($balanced_parens)/i) {
3353						$orig_desc = $1;
3354						$has_parens = 1;
3355						# Always strip leading/trailing parens then double quotes if existing
3356						$orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3357						if ($orig_desc =~ /^".*"$/) {
3358							$orig_desc = substr($orig_desc, 1, -1);
3359							$has_quotes = 1;
3360						}
3361						last;
3362					}
3363					last if ($#lines < $linenr + $n);
3364					$input .= " " . trim($rawlines[$linenr + $n]);
3365					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$linenr + $n]\n";
3366				}
3367				$herectx = $herecurr if (!$has_parens);
3368			}
3369
3370			if ($input =~ /\b(c)ommit\s+([0-9a-f]{5,})\b/i) {
3371				$init_char = $1;
3372				$orig_commit = lc($2);
3373				$short = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{12,40}/i);
3374				$long = 1 if ($input =~ /\bcommit\s+[0-9a-f]{41,}/i);
3375				$space = 0 if ($input =~ /\bcommit [0-9a-f]/i);
3376				$case = 0 if ($input =~ /\b[Cc]ommit\s+[0-9a-f]{5,40}[^A-F]/);
3377			} elsif ($input =~ /\b([0-9a-f]{12,40})\b/i) {
3378				$orig_commit = lc($1);
3379			}
3380
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3381			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($orig_commit,
3382							      $id, $orig_desc);
3383
3384			if (defined($id) &&
3385			    ($short || $long || $space || $case || ($orig_desc ne $description) || !$has_quotes) &&
3386			    $last_git_commit_id_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
3387				ERROR("GIT_COMMIT_ID",
3388				      "Please use git commit description style 'commit <12+ chars of sha1> (\"<title line>\")' - ie: '${init_char}ommit $id (\"$description\")'\n" . $herectx);
3389			}
3390			#don't report the next line if this line ends in commit and the sha1 hash is the next line
3391			$last_git_commit_id_linenr = $linenr if ($line =~ /\bcommit\s*$/i);
3392		}
3393
3394# Check for mailing list archives other than lore.kernel.org
3395		if ($rawline =~ m{http.*\b$obsolete_archives}) {
3396			WARN("PREFER_LORE_ARCHIVE",
3397			     "Use lore.kernel.org archive links when possible - see https://lore.kernel.org/lists.html\n" . $herecurr);
3398		}
3399
3400# Check for added, moved or deleted files
3401		if (!$reported_maintainer_file && !$in_commit_log &&
3402		    ($line =~ /^(?:new|deleted) file mode\s*\d+\s*$/ ||
3403		     $line =~ /^rename (?:from|to) [\w\/\.\-]+\s*$/ ||
3404		     ($line =~ /\{\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\=\>\s*([\w\/\.\-]*)\s*\}/ &&
3405		      (defined($1) || defined($2))))) {
3406			$is_patch = 1;
3407			$reported_maintainer_file = 1;
3408			WARN("FILE_PATH_CHANGES",
3409			     "added, moved or deleted file(s), does MAINTAINERS need updating?\n" . $herecurr);
3410		}
3411
3412# Check for adding new DT bindings not in schema format
3413		if (!$in_commit_log &&
3414		    ($line =~ /^new file mode\s*\d+\s*$/) &&
3415		    ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/.*\.txt$@)) {
3416			WARN("DT_SCHEMA_BINDING_PATCH",
3417			     "DT bindings should be in DT schema format. See: Documentation/devicetree/bindings/writing-schema.rst\n");
3418		}
3419
3420# Check for wrappage within a valid hunk of the file
3421		if ($realcnt != 0 && $line !~ m{^(?:\+|-| |\\ No newline|$)}) {
3422			ERROR("CORRUPTED_PATCH",
3423			      "patch seems to be corrupt (line wrapped?)\n" .
3424				$herecurr) if (!$emitted_corrupt++);
3425		}
3426
3427# UTF-8 regex found at http://www.w3.org/International/questions/qa-forms-utf-8.en.php
3428		if (($realfile =~ /^$/ || $line =~ /^\+/) &&
3429		    $rawline !~ m/^$UTF8*$/) {
3430			my ($utf8_prefix) = ($rawline =~ /^($UTF8*)/);
3431
3432			my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3433			my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, length($utf8_prefix)) . "^";
3434			my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3435
3436			CHK("INVALID_UTF8",
3437			    "Invalid UTF-8, patch and commit message should be encoded in UTF-8\n" . $hereptr);
3438		}
3439
3440# Check if it's the start of a commit log
3441# (not a header line and we haven't seen the patch filename)
3442		if ($in_header_lines && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3443		    !($rawline =~ /^\s+(?:\S|$)/ ||
3444		      $rawline =~ /^(?:commit\b|from\b|[\w-]+:)/i)) {
3445			$in_header_lines = 0;
3446			$in_commit_log = 1;
3447			$has_commit_log = 1;
3448		}
3449
3450# Check if there is UTF-8 in a commit log when a mail header has explicitly
3451# declined it, i.e defined some charset where it is missing.
3452		if ($in_header_lines &&
3453		    $rawline =~ /^Content-Type:.+charset="(.+)".*$/ &&
3454		    $1 !~ /utf-8/i) {
3455			$non_utf8_charset = 1;
3456		}
3457
3458		if ($in_commit_log && $non_utf8_charset && $realfile =~ /^$/ &&
3459		    $rawline =~ /$NON_ASCII_UTF8/) {
3460			WARN("UTF8_BEFORE_PATCH",
3461			    "8-bit UTF-8 used in possible commit log\n" . $herecurr);
3462		}
3463
3464# Check for absolute kernel paths in commit message
3465		if ($tree && $in_commit_log) {
3466			while ($line =~ m{(?:^|\s)(/\S*)}g) {
3467				my $file = $1;
3468
3469				if ($file =~ m{^(.*?)(?::\d+)+:?$} &&
3470				    check_absolute_file($1, $herecurr)) {
3471					#
3472				} else {
3473					check_absolute_file($file, $herecurr);
3474				}
3475			}
3476		}
3477
3478# Check for various typo / spelling mistakes
3479		if (defined($misspellings) &&
3480		    ($in_commit_log || $line =~ /^(?:\+|Subject:)/i)) {
3481			while ($rawline =~ /(?:^|[^\w\-'`])($misspellings)(?:[^\w\-'`]|$)/gi) {
3482				my $typo = $1;
3483				my $blank = copy_spacing($rawline);
3484				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $-[1]) . "^" x length($typo);
3485				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
3486				my $typo_fix = $spelling_fix{lc($typo)};
3487				$typo_fix = ucfirst($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]/);
3488				$typo_fix = uc($typo_fix) if ($typo =~ /^[A-Z]+$/);
3489				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3490				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3491				if (&{$msg_level}("TYPO_SPELLING",
3492						  "'$typo' may be misspelled - perhaps '$typo_fix'?\n" . $hereptr) &&
3493				    $fix) {
3494					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^|[^A-Za-z@])($typo)($|[^A-Za-z@])/$1$typo_fix$3/;
3495				}
3496			}
3497		}
3498
3499# check for invalid commit id
3500		if ($in_commit_log && $line =~ /(^fixes:|\bcommit)\s+([0-9a-f]{6,40})\b/i) {
3501			my $id;
3502			my $description;
3503			($id, $description) = git_commit_info($2, undef, undef);
3504			if (!defined($id)) {
3505				WARN("UNKNOWN_COMMIT_ID",
3506				     "Unknown commit id '$2', maybe rebased or not pulled?\n" . $herecurr);
3507			}
3508		}
3509
3510# check for repeated words separated by a single space
3511# avoid false positive from list command eg, '-rw-r--r-- 1 root root'
3512		if (($rawline =~ /^\+/ || $in_commit_log) &&
3513		    $rawline !~ /[bcCdDlMnpPs\?-][rwxsStT-]{9}/) {
3514			pos($rawline) = 1 if (!$in_commit_log);
3515			while ($rawline =~ /\b($word_pattern) (?=($word_pattern))/g) {
3516
3517				my $first = $1;
3518				my $second = $2;
3519				my $start_pos = $-[1];
3520				my $end_pos = $+[2];
3521				if ($first =~ /(?:struct|union|enum)/) {
3522					pos($rawline) += length($first) + length($second) + 1;
3523					next;
3524				}
3525
3526				next if (lc($first) ne lc($second));
3527				next if ($first eq 'long');
3528
3529				# check for character before and after the word matches
3530				my $start_char = '';
3531				my $end_char = '';
3532				$start_char = substr($rawline, $start_pos - 1, 1) if ($start_pos > ($in_commit_log ? 0 : 1));
3533				$end_char = substr($rawline, $end_pos, 1) if ($end_pos < length($rawline));
3534
3535				next if ($start_char =~ /^\S$/);
3536				next if (index(" \t.,;?!", $end_char) == -1);
3537
3538				# avoid repeating hex occurrences like 'ff ff fe 09 ...'
3539				if ($first =~ /\b[0-9a-f]{2,}\b/i) {
3540					next if (!exists($allow_repeated_words{lc($first)}));
3541				}
3542
3543				if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3544					 "Possible repeated word: '$first'\n" . $herecurr) &&
3545				    $fix) {
3546					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$first $second\b/$first/;
3547				}
3548			}
3549
3550			# if it's a repeated word on consecutive lines in a comment block
3551			if ($prevline =~ /$;+\s*$/ &&
3552			    $prevrawline =~ /($word_pattern)\s*$/) {
3553				my $last_word = $1;
3554				if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*\*\s*$last_word /) {
3555					if (WARN("REPEATED_WORD",
3556						 "Possible repeated word: '$last_word'\n" . $hereprev) &&
3557					    $fix) {
3558						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\+\s*\*\s*)$last_word /$1/;
3559					}
3560				}
3561			}
3562		}
3563
3564# ignore non-hunk lines and lines being removed
3565		next if (!$hunk_line || $line =~ /^-/);
3566
3567#trailing whitespace
3568		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\015/) {
3569			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3570			if (ERROR("DOS_LINE_ENDINGS",
3571				  "DOS line endings\n" . $herevet) &&
3572			    $fix) {
3573				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/[\s\015]+$//;
3574			}
3575		} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\S\s+$/ || $rawline =~ /^\+\s+$/) {
3576			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3577			if (ERROR("TRAILING_WHITESPACE",
3578				  "trailing whitespace\n" . $herevet) &&
3579			    $fix) {
3580				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
3581			}
3582
3583			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3584		}
3585
3586# Check for FSF mailing addresses.
3587		if ($rawline =~ /\bwrite to the Free/i ||
3588		    $rawline =~ /\b675\s+Mass\s+Ave/i ||
3589		    $rawline =~ /\b59\s+Temple\s+Pl/i ||
3590		    $rawline =~ /\b51\s+Franklin\s+St/i) {
3591			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3592			my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
3593			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3594			&{$msg_level}("FSF_MAILING_ADDRESS",
3595				      "Do not include the paragraph about writing to the Free Software Foundation's mailing address from the sample GPL notice. The FSF has changed addresses in the past, and may do so again. Linux already includes a copy of the GPL.\n" . $herevet)
3596		}
3597
3598# check for Kconfig help text having a real description
3599# Only applies when adding the entry originally, after that we do not have
3600# sufficient context to determine whether it is indeed long enough.
3601		if ($realfile =~ /Kconfig/ &&
3602		    # 'choice' is usually the last thing on the line (though
3603		    # Kconfig supports named choices), so use a word boundary
3604		    # (\b) rather than a whitespace character (\s)
3605		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:config|menuconfig|choice)\b/) {
3606			my $ln = $linenr;
3607			my $needs_help = 0;
3608			my $has_help = 0;
3609			my $help_length = 0;
3610			while (defined $lines[$ln]) {
3611				my $f = $lines[$ln++];
 
 
 
 
3612
3613				next if ($f =~ /^-/);
3614				last if ($f !~ /^[\+ ]/);	# !patch context
3615
3616				if ($f =~ /^\+\s*(?:bool|tristate|prompt)\s*["']/) {
3617					$needs_help = 1;
3618					next;
3619				}
3620				if ($f =~ /^\+\s*help\s*$/) {
3621					$has_help = 1;
3622					next;
3623				}
3624
3625				$f =~ s/^.//;	# strip patch context [+ ]
3626				$f =~ s/#.*//;	# strip # directives
3627				$f =~ s/^\s+//;	# strip leading blanks
3628				next if ($f =~ /^$/);	# skip blank lines
3629
3630				# At the end of this Kconfig block:
3631				# This only checks context lines in the patch
3632				# and so hopefully shouldn't trigger false
3633				# positives, even though some of these are
3634				# common words in help texts
3635				if ($f =~ /^(?:config|menuconfig|choice|endchoice|
3636					       if|endif|menu|endmenu|source)\b/x) {
 
3637					last;
3638				}
3639				$help_length++ if ($has_help);
3640			}
3641			if ($needs_help &&
3642			    $help_length < $min_conf_desc_length) {
3643				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $ln - 1);
3644				WARN("CONFIG_DESCRIPTION",
3645				     "please write a help paragraph that fully describes the config symbol\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
3646			}
 
3647		}
3648
3649# check MAINTAINERS entries
3650		if ($realfile =~ /^MAINTAINERS$/) {
3651# check MAINTAINERS entries for the right form
3652			if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3653			    $rawline !~ /^\+[A-Z]:\t\S/) {
3654				if (WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3655					 "MAINTAINERS entries use one tab after TYPE:\n" . $herecurr) &&
3656				    $fix) {
3657					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+[A-Z]):\s*/$1:\t/;
3658				}
3659			}
3660# check MAINTAINERS entries for the right ordering too
3661			my $preferred_order = 'MRLSWQBCPTFXNK';
3662			if ($rawline =~ /^\+[A-Z]:/ &&
3663			    $prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ][A-Z]:/) {
3664				$rawline =~ /^\+([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3665				my $cur = $1;
3666				my $curval = $2;
3667				$prevrawline =~ /^[\+ ]([A-Z]):\s*(.*)/;
3668				my $prev = $1;
3669				my $prevval = $2;
3670				my $curindex = index($preferred_order, $cur);
3671				my $previndex = index($preferred_order, $prev);
3672				if ($curindex < 0) {
3673					WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3674					     "Unknown MAINTAINERS entry type: '$cur'\n" . $herecurr);
3675				} else {
3676					if ($previndex >= 0 && $curindex < $previndex) {
3677						WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3678						     "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list '$cur:' before '$prev:'\n" . $hereprev);
3679					} elsif ((($prev eq 'F' && $cur eq 'F') ||
3680						  ($prev eq 'X' && $cur eq 'X')) &&
3681						 ($prevval cmp $curval) > 0) {
3682						WARN("MAINTAINERS_STYLE",
3683						     "Misordered MAINTAINERS entry - list file patterns in alphabetic order\n" . $hereprev);
3684					}
3685				}
3686			}
3687		}
3688
3689		if (($realfile =~ /Makefile.*/ || $realfile =~ /Kbuild.*/) &&
3690		    ($line =~ /\+(EXTRA_[A-Z]+FLAGS).*/)) {
3691			my $flag = $1;
3692			my $replacement = {
3693				'EXTRA_AFLAGS' =>   'asflags-y',
3694				'EXTRA_CFLAGS' =>   'ccflags-y',
3695				'EXTRA_CPPFLAGS' => 'cppflags-y',
3696				'EXTRA_LDFLAGS' =>  'ldflags-y',
3697			};
3698
3699			WARN("DEPRECATED_VARIABLE",
3700			     "Use of $flag is deprecated, please use \`$replacement->{$flag} instead.\n" . $herecurr) if ($replacement->{$flag});
3701		}
3702
3703# check for DT compatible documentation
3704		if (defined $root &&
3705			(($realfile =~ /\.dtsi?$/ && $line =~ /^\+\s*compatible\s*=\s*\"/) ||
3706			 ($realfile =~ /\.[ch]$/ && $line =~ /^\+.*\.compatible\s*=\s*\"/))) {
3707
3708			my @compats = $rawline =~ /\"([a-zA-Z0-9\-\,\.\+_]+)\"/g;
3709
3710			my $dt_path = $root . "/Documentation/devicetree/bindings/";
3711			my $vp_file = $dt_path . "vendor-prefixes.yaml";
3712
3713			foreach my $compat (@compats) {
3714				my $compat2 = $compat;
3715				$compat2 =~ s/\,[a-zA-Z0-9]*\-/\,<\.\*>\-/;
3716				my $compat3 = $compat;
3717				$compat3 =~ s/\,([a-z]*)[0-9]*\-/\,$1<\.\*>\-/;
3718				`grep -Erq "$compat|$compat2|$compat3" $dt_path`;
3719				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3720					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3721					     "DT compatible string \"$compat\" appears un-documented -- check $dt_path\n" . $herecurr);
3722				}
3723
3724				next if $compat !~ /^([a-zA-Z0-9\-]+)\,/;
3725				my $vendor = $1;
3726				`grep -Eq "\\"\\^\Q$vendor\E,\\.\\*\\":" $vp_file`;
3727				if ( $? >> 8 ) {
3728					WARN("UNDOCUMENTED_DT_STRING",
3729					     "DT compatible string vendor \"$vendor\" appears un-documented -- check $vp_file\n" . $herecurr);
3730				}
3731			}
3732		}
3733
3734# check for using SPDX license tag at beginning of files
3735		if ($realline == $checklicenseline) {
3736			if ($rawline =~ /^[ \+]\s*\#\!\s*\//) {
3737				$checklicenseline = 2;
3738			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+/) {
3739				my $comment = "";
3740				if ($realfile =~ /\.(h|s|S)$/) {
3741					$comment = '/*';
3742				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.(c|rs|dts|dtsi)$/) {
3743					$comment = '//';
3744				} elsif (($checklicenseline == 2) || $realfile =~ /\.(sh|pl|py|awk|tc|yaml)$/) {
3745					$comment = '#';
3746				} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.rst$/) {
3747					$comment = '..';
3748				}
3749
3750# check SPDX comment style for .[chsS] files
3751				if ($realfile =~ /\.[chsS]$/ &&
3752				    $rawline =~ /SPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3753				    $rawline !~ m@^\+\s*\Q$comment\E\s*@) {
3754					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3755					     "Improper SPDX comment style for '$realfile', please use '$comment' instead\n" . $herecurr);
3756				}
3757
3758				if ($comment !~ /^$/ &&
3759				    $rawline !~ m@^\+\Q$comment\E SPDX-License-Identifier: @) {
3760					WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3761					     "Missing or malformed SPDX-License-Identifier tag in line $checklicenseline\n" . $herecurr);
3762				} elsif ($rawline =~ /(SPDX-License-Identifier: .*)/) {
3763					my $spdx_license = $1;
3764					if (!is_SPDX_License_valid($spdx_license)) {
3765						WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3766						     "'$spdx_license' is not supported in LICENSES/...\n" . $herecurr);
3767					}
3768					if ($realfile =~ m@^Documentation/devicetree/bindings/@ &&
3769					    $spdx_license !~ /GPL-2\.0(?:-only)? OR BSD-2-Clause/) {
3770						my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3771						$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3772						if (&{$msg_level}("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3773
3774								  "DT binding documents should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)\n" . $herecurr) &&
3775						    $fix) {
3776							$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/SPDX-License-Identifier: .*/SPDX-License-Identifier: (GPL-2.0-only OR BSD-2-Clause)/;
3777						}
3778					}
3779					if ($realfile =~ m@^include/dt-bindings/@ &&
3780					    $spdx_license !~ /GPL-2\.0(?:-only)? OR \S+/) {
3781						WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3782						     "DT binding headers should be licensed (GPL-2.0-only OR .*)\n" . $herecurr);
3783					}
3784				}
3785			}
3786		}
3787
3788# check for embedded filenames
3789		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b\Q$realfile\E\b/) {
3790			WARN("EMBEDDED_FILENAME",
3791			     "It's generally not useful to have the filename in the file\n" . $herecurr);
3792		}
3793
3794# check we are in a valid source file if not then ignore this hunk
3795		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|rs|s|S|sh|dtsi|dts)$/);
3796
3797# check for using SPDX-License-Identifier on the wrong line number
3798		if ($realline != $checklicenseline &&
3799		    $rawline =~ /\bSPDX-License-Identifier:/ &&
3800		    substr($line, @-, @+ - @-) eq "$;" x (@+ - @-)) {
3801			WARN("SPDX_LICENSE_TAG",
3802			     "Misplaced SPDX-License-Identifier tag - use line $checklicenseline instead\n" . $herecurr);
3803		}
3804
3805# line length limit (with some exclusions)
3806#
3807# There are a few types of lines that may extend beyond $max_line_length:
3808#	logging functions like pr_info that end in a string
3809#	lines with a single string
3810#	#defines that are a single string
3811#	lines with an RFC3986 like URL
3812#
3813# There are 3 different line length message types:
3814# LONG_LINE_COMMENT	a comment starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3815# LONG_LINE_STRING	a string starts before but extends beyond $max_line_length
3816# LONG_LINE		all other lines longer than $max_line_length
3817#
3818# if LONG_LINE is ignored, the other 2 types are also ignored
3819#
3820
3821		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && $length > $max_line_length) {
3822			my $msg_type = "LONG_LINE";
3823
3824			# Check the allowed long line types first
3825
3826			# logging functions that end in a string that starts
3827			# before $max_line_length
3828			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$logFunctions\s*\(\s*(?:(?:KERN_\S+\s*|[^"]*))?($String\s*(?:|,|\)\s*;)\s*)$/ &&
3829			    length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3830				$msg_type = "";
3831
3832			# lines with only strings (w/ possible termination)
3833			# #defines with only strings
3834			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String\s*(?:\s*|,|\)\s*;)\s*$/ ||
3835				 $line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+\w+\s+$String$/) {
3836				$msg_type = "";
3837
3838			# More special cases
3839			} elsif ($line =~ /^\+.*\bEFI_GUID\s*\(/ ||
3840				 $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:\w+)?\s*DEFINE_PER_CPU/) {
3841				$msg_type = "";
3842
3843			# URL ($rawline is used in case the URL is in a comment)
3844			} elsif ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\b[a-z][\w\.\+\-]*:\/\/\S+/i) {
3845				$msg_type = "";
3846
3847			# Otherwise set the alternate message types
3848
3849			# a comment starts before $max_line_length
3850			} elsif ($line =~ /($;[\s$;]*)$/ &&
3851				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3852				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_COMMENT"
3853
3854			# a quoted string starts before $max_line_length
3855			} elsif ($sline =~ /\s*($String(?:\s*(?:\\|,\s*|\)\s*;\s*))?)$/ &&
3856				 length(expand_tabs(substr($line, 1, length($line) - length($1) - 1))) <= $max_line_length) {
3857				$msg_type = "LONG_LINE_STRING"
3858			}
3859
3860			if ($msg_type ne "" &&
3861			    (show_type("LONG_LINE") || show_type($msg_type))) {
3862				my $msg_level = \&WARN;
3863				$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
3864				&{$msg_level}($msg_type,
3865					      "line length of $length exceeds $max_line_length columns\n" . $herecurr);
3866			}
3867		}
3868
3869# check for adding lines without a newline.
3870		if ($line =~ /^\+/ && defined $lines[$linenr] && $lines[$linenr] =~ /^\\ No newline at end of file/) {
3871			if (WARN("MISSING_EOF_NEWLINE",
3872			         "adding a line without newline at end of file\n" . $herecurr) &&
3873			    $fix) {
3874				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr+1, "No newline at end of file");
3875			}
3876		}
3877
3878# check for .L prefix local symbols in .S files
3879		if ($realfile =~ /\.S$/ &&
3880		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:[A-Z]+_)?SYM_[A-Z]+_(?:START|END)(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(\s*\.L/) {
3881			WARN("AVOID_L_PREFIX",
3882			     "Avoid using '.L' prefixed local symbol names for denoting a range of code via 'SYM_*_START/END' annotations; see Documentation/core-api/asm-annotations.rst\n" . $herecurr);
3883		}
3884
3885# check we are in a valid source file C or perl if not then ignore this hunk
3886		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c|pl|dtsi|dts)$/);
3887
3888# at the beginning of a line any tabs must come first and anything
3889# more than $tabsize must use tabs.
3890		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s* \t\s*\S/ ||
3891		    $rawline =~ /^\+\s*        \s*/) {
3892			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3893			$rpt_cleaners = 1;
3894			if (ERROR("CODE_INDENT",
3895				  "code indent should use tabs where possible\n" . $herevet) &&
3896			    $fix) {
3897				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
3898			}
3899		}
3900
3901# check for space before tabs.
3902		if ($rawline =~ /^\+/ && $rawline =~ / \t/) {
3903			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
3904			if (WARN("SPACE_BEFORE_TAB",
3905				"please, no space before tabs\n" . $herevet) &&
3906			    $fix) {
3907				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3908					   s/(^\+.*) {$tabsize,$tabsize}\t/$1\t\t/) {}
3909				while ($fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3910					   s/(^\+.*) +\t/$1\t/) {}
3911			}
3912		}
3913
3914# check for assignments on the start of a line
3915		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s+($Assignment)[^=]/) {
3916			my $operator = $1;
3917			if (CHK("ASSIGNMENT_CONTINUATIONS",
3918				"Assignment operator '$1' should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3919			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3920				# add assignment operator to the previous line, remove from current line
3921				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] .= " $operator";
3922				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3923			}
3924		}
3925
3926# check for && or || at the start of a line
3927		if ($rawline =~ /^\+\s*(&&|\|\|)/) {
3928			my $operator = $1;
3929			if (CHK("LOGICAL_CONTINUATIONS",
3930				"Logical continuations should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
3931			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
3932				# insert logical operator at last non-comment, non-whitepsace char on previous line
3933				$prevline =~ /[\s$;]*$/;
3934				my $line_end = substr($prevrawline, $-[0]);
3935				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\Q$line_end\E$/ $operator$line_end/;
3936				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$operator\E\s*//;
3937			}
3938		}
3939
3940# check indentation starts on a tab stop
3941		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3942		    $sline =~ /^\+\t+( +)(?:$c90_Keywords\b|\{\s*$|\}\s*(?:else\b|while\b|\s*$)|$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[;=])/) {
3943			my $indent = length($1);
3944			if ($indent % $tabsize) {
3945				if (WARN("TABSTOP",
3946					 "Statements should start on a tabstop\n" . $herecurr) &&
3947				    $fix) {
3948					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@(^\+\t+) +@$1 . "\t" x ($indent/$tabsize)@e;
3949				}
3950			}
3951		}
3952
3953# check multi-line statement indentation matches previous line
3954		if ($perl_version_ok &&
3955		    $prevline =~ /^\+([ \t]*)((?:$c90_Keywords(?:\s+if)\s*)|(?:$Declare\s*)?(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*|(?:\*\s*)*$Lval\s*=\s*$Ident\s*)\(.*(\&\&|\|\||,)\s*$/) {
3956			$prevline =~ /^\+(\t*)(.*)$/;
3957			my $oldindent = $1;
3958			my $rest = $2;
3959
3960			my $pos = pos_last_openparen($rest);
3961			if ($pos >= 0) {
3962				$line =~ /^(\+| )([ \t]*)/;
3963				my $newindent = $2;
3964
3965				my $goodtabindent = $oldindent .
3966					"\t" x ($pos / $tabsize) .
3967					" "  x ($pos % $tabsize);
3968				my $goodspaceindent = $oldindent . " "  x $pos;
3969
3970				if ($newindent ne $goodtabindent &&
3971				    $newindent ne $goodspaceindent) {
3972
3973					if (CHK("PARENTHESIS_ALIGNMENT",
3974						"Alignment should match open parenthesis\n" . $hereprev) &&
3975					    $fix && $line =~ /^\+/) {
3976						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3977						    s/^\+[ \t]*/\+$goodtabindent/;
3978					}
3979				}
3980			}
3981		}
3982
3983# check for space after cast like "(int) foo" or "(struct foo) bar"
3984# avoid checking a few false positives:
3985#   "sizeof(<type>)" or "__alignof__(<type>)"
3986#   function pointer declarations like "(*foo)(int) = bar;"
3987#   structure definitions like "(struct foo) { 0 };"
3988#   multiline macros that define functions
3989#   known attributes or the __attribute__ keyword
3990		if ($line =~ /^\+(.*)\(\s*$Type\s*\)([ \t]++)((?![={]|\\$|$Attribute|__attribute__))/ &&
3991		    (!defined($1) || $1 !~ /\b(?:sizeof|__alignof__)\s*$/)) {
3992			if (CHK("SPACING",
3993				"No space is necessary after a cast\n" . $herecurr) &&
3994			    $fix) {
3995				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
3996				    s/(\(\s*$Type\s*\))[ \t]+/$1/;
3997			}
3998		}
3999
4000# Block comment styles
4001# Networking with an initial /*
4002		if ($realfile =~ m@^(drivers/net/|net/)@ &&
4003		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\/\*[ \t]*$/ &&
4004		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&
4005		    $realline > 3) { # Do not warn about the initial copyright comment block after SPDX-License-Identifier
4006			WARN("NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4007			     "networking block comments don't use an empty /* line, use /* Comment...\n" . $hereprev);
4008		}
4009
4010# Block comments use * on subsequent lines
4011		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
4012		    $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#starting /*
4013		    $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/ &&		#no trailing */
4014		    $rawline =~ /^\+/ &&			#line is new
4015		    $rawline !~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/) {		#no leading *
4016			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4017			     "Block comments use * on subsequent lines\n" . $hereprev);
4018		}
4019
4020# Block comments use */ on trailing lines
4021		if ($rawline !~ m@^\+[ \t]*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing */
4022		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*/\*.*\*/[ \t]*$@ &&	#inline /*...*/
4023		    $rawline !~ m@^\+.*\*{2,}/[ \t]*$@ &&	#trailing **/
4024		    $rawline =~ m@^\+[ \t]*.+\*\/[ \t]*$@) {	#non blank */
4025			WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4026			     "Block comments use a trailing */ on a separate line\n" . $herecurr);
4027		}
4028
4029# Block comment * alignment
4030		if ($prevline =~ /$;[ \t]*$/ &&			#ends in comment
4031		    $line =~ /^\+[ \t]*$;/ &&			#leading comment
4032		    $rawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/ &&		#leading *
4033		    (($prevrawline =~ /^\+.*?\/\*/ &&		#leading /*
4034		      $prevrawline !~ /\*\/[ \t]*$/) ||		#no trailing */
4035		     $prevrawline =~ /^\+[ \t]*\*/)) {		#leading *
4036			my $oldindent;
4037			$prevrawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*/?)\*@;
4038			if (defined($1)) {
4039				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
4040			} else {
4041				$prevrawline =~ m@^\+(.*/?)\*@;
4042				$oldindent = expand_tabs($1);
4043			}
4044			$rawline =~ m@^\+([ \t]*)\*@;
4045			my $newindent = $1;
4046			$newindent = expand_tabs($newindent);
4047			if (length($oldindent) ne length($newindent)) {
4048				WARN("BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE",
4049				     "Block comments should align the * on each line\n" . $hereprev);
4050			}
4051		}
4052
4053# check for missing blank lines after struct/union declarations
4054# with exceptions for various attributes and macros
4055		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]};?\s*$/ &&
4056		    $line =~ /^\+/ &&
4057		    !($line =~ /^\+\s*$/ ||
4058		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:EXPORT_SYMBOL|early_param|ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION)/ ||
4059		      $line =~ /^\+\s*MODULE_/i ||
4060		      $line =~ /^\+\s*\#\s*(?:end|elif|else)/ ||
4061		      $line =~ /^\+[a-z_]*init/ ||
4062		      $line =~ /^\+\s*(?:static\s+)?[A-Z_]*ATTR/ ||
4063		      $line =~ /^\+\s*DECLARE/ ||
4064		      $line =~ /^\+\s*builtin_[\w_]*driver/ ||
4065		      $line =~ /^\+\s*__setup/)) {
4066			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
4067				"Please use a blank line after function/struct/union/enum declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4068			    $fix) {
4069				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4070			}
4071		}
4072
4073# check for multiple consecutive blank lines
4074		if ($prevline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*$/ &&
4075		    $line =~ /^\+\s*$/ &&
4076		    $last_blank_line != ($linenr - 1)) {
4077			if (CHK("LINE_SPACING",
4078				"Please don't use multiple blank lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
4079			    $fix) {
4080				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4081			}
4082
4083			$last_blank_line = $linenr;
4084		}
4085
4086# check for missing blank lines after declarations
4087# (declarations must have the same indentation and not be at the start of line)
4088		if (($prevline =~ /\+(\s+)\S/) && $sline =~ /^\+$1\S/) {
4089			# use temporaries
4090			my $sl = $sline;
4091			my $pl = $prevline;
4092			# remove $Attribute/$Sparse uses to simplify comparisons
4093			$sl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4094			$pl =~ s/\b(?:$Attribute|$Sparse)\b//g;
4095			if (($pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4096			# function pointer declarations
4097			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4098			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4099			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4100			# known declaration macros
4101			     $pl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/) &&
4102			# for "else if" which can look like "$Ident $Ident"
4103			    !($pl =~ /^\+\s+$c90_Keywords\b/ ||
4104			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
4105			      $pl =~ /(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)\s*$/ ||
4106			# not starting a section or a macro "\" extended line
4107			      $pl =~ /(?:\{\s*|\\)$/) &&
4108			# looks like a declaration
4109			    !($sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*$Ident\s*[=,;:\[]/ ||
4110			# function pointer declarations
4111			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*[=,;:\[\(]/ ||
4112			# foo bar; where foo is some local typedef or #define
4113			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident(?:\s+|\s*\*\s*)$Ident\s*[=,;\[]/ ||
4114			# known declaration macros
4115			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$declaration_macros/ ||
4116			# start of struct or union or enum
4117			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:static\s+)?(?:const\s+)?(?:union|struct|enum|typedef)\b/ ||
4118			# start or end of block or continuation of declaration
4119			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+(?:$|[\{\}\.\#\"\?\:\(\[])/ ||
4120			# bitfield continuation
4121			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+$Ident\s*:\s*\d+\s*[,;]/ ||
4122			# other possible extensions of declaration lines
4123			      $sl =~ /^\+\s+\(?\s*(?:$Compare|$Assignment|$Operators)/)) {
4124				if (WARN("LINE_SPACING",
4125					 "Missing a blank line after declarations\n" . $hereprev) &&
4126				    $fix) {
4127					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+");
4128				}
4129			}
4130		}
4131
4132# check for spaces at the beginning of a line.
4133# Exceptions:
4134#  1) within comments
4135#  2) indented preprocessor commands
4136#  3) hanging labels
4137		if ($rawline =~ /^\+ / && $line !~ /^\+ *(?:$;|#|$Ident:)/)  {
4138			my $herevet = "$here\n" . cat_vet($rawline) . "\n";
4139			if (WARN("LEADING_SPACE",
4140				 "please, no spaces at the start of a line\n" . $herevet) &&
4141			    $fix) {
4142				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+([ \t]+)/"\+" . tabify($1)/e;
4143			}
4144		}
4145
4146# check we are in a valid C source file if not then ignore this hunk
4147		next if ($realfile !~ /\.(h|c)$/);
4148
4149# check for unusual line ending [ or (
4150		if ($line =~ /^\+.*([\[\(])\s*$/) {
4151			CHK("OPEN_ENDED_LINE",
4152			    "Lines should not end with a '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
4153		}
4154
4155# check if this appears to be the start function declaration, save the name
4156		if ($sline =~ /^\+\{\s*$/ &&
4157		    $prevline =~ /^\+(?:(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*)?($Ident)\(/) {
4158			$context_function = $1;
4159		}
4160
4161# check if this appears to be the end of function declaration
4162		if ($sline =~ /^\+\}\s*$/) {
4163			undef $context_function;
4164		}
4165
4166# check indentation of any line with a bare else
4167# (but not if it is a multiple line "if (foo) return bar; else return baz;")
4168# if the previous line is a break or return and is indented 1 tab more...
4169		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)(?:}[ \t]*)?else(?:[ \t]*{)?\s*$/) {
4170			my $tabs = length($1) + 1;
4171			if ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}break\b/ ||
4172			    ($prevline =~ /^\+\t{$tabs,$tabs}return\b/ &&
4173			     defined $lines[$linenr] &&
4174			     $lines[$linenr] !~ /^[ \+]\t{$tabs,$tabs}return/)) {
4175				WARN("UNNECESSARY_ELSE",
4176				     "else is not generally useful after a break or return\n" . $hereprev);
4177			}
4178		}
4179
4180# check indentation of a line with a break;
4181# if the previous line is a goto, return or break
4182# and is indented the same # of tabs
4183		if ($sline =~ /^\+([\t]+)break\s*;\s*$/) {
4184			my $tabs = $1;
4185			if ($prevline =~ /^\+$tabs(goto|return|break)\b/) {
4186				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_BREAK",
4187					 "break is not useful after a $1\n" . $hereprev) &&
4188				    $fix) {
4189					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4190				}
4191			}
4192		}
4193
4194# check for RCS/CVS revision markers
4195		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\$(Revision|Log|Id)(?:\$|)/) {
4196			WARN("CVS_KEYWORD",
4197			     "CVS style keyword markers, these will _not_ be updated\n". $herecurr);
4198		}
4199
4200# check for old HOTPLUG __dev<foo> section markings
4201		if ($line =~ /\b(__dev(init|exit)(data|const|))\b/) {
4202			WARN("HOTPLUG_SECTION",
4203			     "Using $1 is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr);
4204		}
4205
4206# Check for potential 'bare' types
4207		my ($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next,
4208		    $realline_next);
4209#print "LINE<$line>\n";
4210		if ($linenr > $suppress_statement &&
4211		    $realcnt && $sline =~ /.\s*\S/) {
4212			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4213				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4214			$stat =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4215			$cond =~ s/\n./\n /g;
4216
4217#print "linenr<$linenr> <$stat>\n";
4218			# If this statement has no statement boundaries within
4219			# it there is no point in retrying a statement scan
4220			# until we hit end of it.
4221			my $frag = $stat; $frag =~ s/;+\s*$//;
4222			if ($frag !~ /(?:{|;)/) {
4223#print "skip<$line_nr_next>\n";
4224				$suppress_statement = $line_nr_next;
4225			}
4226
4227			# Find the real next line.
4228			$realline_next = $line_nr_next;
4229			if (defined $realline_next &&
4230			    (!defined $lines[$realline_next - 1] ||
4231			     substr($lines[$realline_next - 1], $off_next) =~ /^\s*$/)) {
4232				$realline_next++;
4233			}
4234
4235			my $s = $stat;
4236			$s =~ s/{.*$//s;
4237
4238			# Ignore goto labels.
4239			if ($s =~ /$Ident:\*$/s) {
4240
4241			# Ignore functions being called
4242			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
4243
4244			} elsif ($s =~ /^.\s*else\b/s) {
4245
4246			# declarations always start with types
4247			} elsif ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?((?:\s*$Ident)+?)\b(?:\s+$Sparse)?\s*\**\s*(?:$Ident|\(\*[^\)]*\))(?:\s*$Modifier)?\s*(?:;|=|,|\()/s) {
4248				my $type = $1;
4249				$type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4250				possible($type, "A:" . $s);
4251
4252			# definitions in global scope can only start with types
4253			} elsif ($s =~ /^.(?:$Storage\s+)?(?:$Inline\s+)?(?:const\s+)?($Ident)\b\s*(?!:)/s) {
4254				possible($1, "B:" . $s);
4255			}
4256
4257			# any (foo ... *) is a pointer cast, and foo is a type
4258			while ($s =~ /\(($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*[\s\*]+\s*\)/sg) {
4259				possible($1, "C:" . $s);
4260			}
4261
4262			# Check for any sort of function declaration.
4263			# int foo(something bar, other baz);
4264			# void (*store_gdt)(x86_descr_ptr *);
4265			if ($prev_values eq 'E' && $s =~ /^(.(?:typedef\s*)?(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline)\s*)*\s*$Type\s*(?:\b$Ident|\(\*\s*$Ident\))\s*)\(/s) {
4266				my ($name_len) = length($1);
4267
4268				my $ctx = $s;
4269				substr($ctx, 0, $name_len + 1, '');
4270				$ctx =~ s/\)[^\)]*$//;
4271
4272				for my $arg (split(/\s*,\s*/, $ctx)) {
4273					if ($arg =~ /^(?:const\s+)?($Ident)(?:\s+$Sparse)*\s*\**\s*(:?\b$Ident)?$/s || $arg =~ /^($Ident)$/s) {
4274
4275						possible($1, "D:" . $s);
4276					}
4277				}
4278			}
4279
4280		}
4281
4282#
4283# Checks which may be anchored in the context.
4284#
4285
4286# Check for switch () and associated case and default
4287# statements should be at the same indent.
4288		if ($line=~/\bswitch\s*\(.*\)/) {
4289			my $err = '';
4290			my $sep = '';
4291			my @ctx = ctx_block_outer($linenr, $realcnt);
4292			shift(@ctx);
4293			for my $ctx (@ctx) {
4294				my ($clen, $cindent) = line_stats($ctx);
4295				if ($ctx =~ /^\+\s*(case\s+|default:)/ &&
4296							$indent != $cindent) {
4297					$err .= "$sep$ctx\n";
4298					$sep = '';
4299				} else {
4300					$sep = "[...]\n";
4301				}
4302			}
4303			if ($err ne '') {
4304				ERROR("SWITCH_CASE_INDENT_LEVEL",
4305				      "switch and case should be at the same indent\n$hereline$err");
4306			}
4307		}
4308
4309# if/while/etc brace do not go on next line, unless defining a do while loop,
4310# or if that brace on the next line is for something else
4311		if ($line =~ /(.*)\b((?:if|while|for|switch|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|do\b|else\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\#/) {
4312			my $pre_ctx = "$1$2";
4313
4314			my ($level, @ctx) = ctx_statement_level($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
4315
4316			if ($line =~ /^\+\t{6,}/) {
4317				WARN("DEEP_INDENTATION",
4318				     "Too many leading tabs - consider code refactoring\n" . $herecurr);
4319			}
4320
4321			my $ctx_cnt = $realcnt - $#ctx - 1;
4322			my $ctx = join("\n", @ctx);
4323
4324			my $ctx_ln = $linenr;
4325			my $ctx_skip = $realcnt;
4326
4327			while ($ctx_skip > $ctx_cnt || ($ctx_skip == $ctx_cnt &&
4328					defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] &&
4329					$lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^-/)) {
4330				##print "SKIP<$ctx_skip> CNT<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4331				$ctx_skip-- if (!defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] || $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] !~ /^-/);
4332				$ctx_ln++;
4333			}
4334
4335			#print "realcnt<$realcnt> ctx_cnt<$ctx_cnt>\n";
4336			#print "pre<$pre_ctx>\nline<$line>\nctx<$ctx>\nnext<$lines[$ctx_ln - 1]>\n";
4337
4338			if ($ctx !~ /{\s*/ && defined($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]) && $lines[$ctx_ln - 1] =~ /^\+\s*{/) {
4339				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4340				      "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" .
4341					"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4342			}
4343			if ($level == 0 && $pre_ctx !~ /}\s*while\s*\($/ &&
4344			    $ctx =~ /\)\s*\;\s*$/ &&
4345			    defined $lines[$ctx_ln - 1])
4346			{
4347				my ($nlength, $nindent) = line_stats($lines[$ctx_ln - 1]);
4348				if ($nindent > $indent) {
4349					WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
4350					     "trailing semicolon indicates no statements, indent implies otherwise\n" .
4351						"$here\n$ctx\n$rawlines[$ctx_ln - 1]\n");
4352				}
4353			}
4354		}
4355
4356# Check relative indent for conditionals and blocks.
4357		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:if|while|for|(?:[a-z_]+|)for_each[a-z_]+)\s*\(|(?:do|else)\b)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/ && $line !~ /\}\s*while\s*/) {
4358			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
4359				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
4360					if (!defined $stat);
4361			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
4362
4363			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
4364
4365			# remove inline comments
4366			$s =~ s/$;/ /g;
4367			$c =~ s/$;/ /g;
4368
4369			# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
4370			my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
4371			my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
4372
4373			# Make sure we remove the line prefixes as we have
4374			# none on the first line, and are going to readd them
4375			# where necessary.
4376			$s =~ s/\n./\n/gs;
4377			while ($s =~ /\n\s+\\\n/) {
4378				$cond_lines += $s =~ s/\n\s+\\\n/\n/g;
4379			}
4380
4381			# We want to check the first line inside the block
4382			# starting at the end of the conditional, so remove:
4383			#  1) any blank line termination
4384			#  2) any opening brace { on end of the line
4385			#  3) any do (...) {
4386			my $continuation = 0;
4387			my $check = 0;
4388			$s =~ s/^.*\bdo\b//;
4389			$s =~ s/^\s*{//;
4390			if ($s =~ s/^\s*\\//) {
4391				$continuation = 1;
4392			}
4393			if ($s =~ s/^\s*?\n//) {
4394				$check = 1;
4395				$cond_lines++;
4396			}
4397
4398			# Also ignore a loop construct at the end of a
4399			# preprocessor statement.
4400			if (($prevline =~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s/ ||
4401			    $prevline =~ /\\\s*$/) && $continuation == 0) {
4402				$check = 0;
4403			}
4404
4405			my $cond_ptr = -1;
4406			$continuation = 0;
4407			while ($cond_ptr != $cond_lines) {
4408				$cond_ptr = $cond_lines;
4409
4410				# If we see an #else/#elif then the code
4411				# is not linear.
4412				if ($s =~ /^\s*\#\s*(?:else|elif)/) {
4413					$check = 0;
4414				}
4415
4416				# Ignore:
4417				#  1) blank lines, they should be at 0,
4418				#  2) preprocessor lines, and
4419				#  3) labels.
4420				if ($continuation ||
4421				    $s =~ /^\s*?\n/ ||
4422				    $s =~ /^\s*#\s*?/ ||
4423				    $s =~ /^\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
4424					$continuation = ($s =~ /^.*?\\\n/) ? 1 : 0;
4425					if ($s =~ s/^.*?\n//) {
4426						$cond_lines++;
4427					}
4428				}
4429			}
4430
4431			my (undef, $sindent) = line_stats("+" . $s);
4432			my $stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines);
4433
4434			# Check if either of these lines are modified, else
4435			# this is not this patch's fault.
4436			if (!defined($stat_real) ||
4437			    $stat !~ /^\+/ && $stat_real !~ /^\+/) {
4438				$check = 0;
4439			}
4440			if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
4441				$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
4442			}
4443
4444			#print "line<$line> prevline<$prevline> indent<$indent> sindent<$sindent> check<$check> continuation<$continuation> s<$s> cond_lines<$cond_lines> stat_real<$stat_real> stat<$stat>\n";
4445
4446			if ($check && $s ne '' &&
4447			    (($sindent % $tabsize) != 0 ||
4448			     ($sindent < $indent) ||
4449			     ($sindent == $indent &&
4450			      ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\}|\{|else\b)/)) ||
4451			     ($sindent > $indent + $tabsize))) {
4452				WARN("SUSPECT_CODE_INDENT",
4453				     "suspect code indent for conditional statements ($indent, $sindent)\n" . $herecurr . "$stat_real\n");
4454			}
4455		}
4456
4457		# Track the 'values' across context and added lines.
4458		my $opline = $line; $opline =~ s/^./ /;
4459		my ($curr_values, $curr_vars) =
4460				annotate_values($opline . "\n", $prev_values);
4461		$curr_values = $prev_values . $curr_values;
4462		if ($dbg_values) {
4463			my $outline = $opline; $outline =~ s/\t/ /g;
4464			print "$linenr > .$outline\n";
4465			print "$linenr > $curr_values\n";
4466			print "$linenr >  $curr_vars\n";
4467		}
4468		$prev_values = substr($curr_values, -1);
4469
4470#ignore lines not being added
4471		next if ($line =~ /^[^\+]/);
4472
4473# check for self assignments used to avoid compiler warnings
4474# e.g.:	int foo = foo, *bar = NULL;
4475#	struct foo bar = *(&(bar));
4476		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*)\s*=/) {
4477			my $var = $1;
4478			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Declare)?$var\s*=\s*(?:$var|\*\s*\(?\s*&\s*\(?\s*$var\s*\)?\s*\)?)\s*[;,]/) {
4479				WARN("SELF_ASSIGNMENT",
4480				     "Do not use self-assignments to avoid compiler warnings\n" . $herecurr);
4481			}
4482		}
4483
4484# check for dereferences that span multiple lines
4485		if ($prevline =~ /^\+.*$Lval\s*(?:\.|->)\s*$/ &&
4486		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(?!\#\s*(?!define\s+|if))\s*$Lval/) {
4487			$prevline =~ /($Lval\s*(?:\.|->))\s*$/;
4488			my $ref = $1;
4489			$line =~ /^.\s*($Lval)/;
4490			$ref .= $1;
4491			$ref =~ s/\s//g;
4492			WARN("MULTILINE_DEREFERENCE",
4493			     "Avoid multiple line dereference - prefer '$ref'\n" . $hereprev);
4494		}
4495
4496# check for declarations of signed or unsigned without int
4497		while ($line =~ m{\b($Declare)\s*(?!char\b|short\b|int\b|long\b)\s*($Ident)?\s*[=,;\[\)\(]}g) {
4498			my $type = $1;
4499			my $var = $2;
4500			$var = "" if (!defined $var);
4501			if ($type =~ /^(?:(?:$Storage|$Inline|$Attribute)\s+)*((?:un)?signed)((?:\s*\*)*)\s*$/) {
4502				my $sign = $1;
4503				my $pointer = $2;
4504
4505				$pointer = "" if (!defined $pointer);
4506
4507				if (WARN("UNSPECIFIED_INT",
4508					 "Prefer '" . trim($sign) . " int" . rtrim($pointer) . "' to bare use of '$sign" . rtrim($pointer) . "'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4509				    $fix) {
4510					my $decl = trim($sign) . " int ";
4511					my $comp_pointer = $pointer;
4512					$comp_pointer =~ s/\s//g;
4513					$decl .= $comp_pointer;
4514					$decl = rtrim($decl) if ($var eq "");
4515					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\b$sign\s*\Q$pointer\E\s*$var\b@$decl$var@;
4516				}
4517			}
4518		}
4519
4520# TEST: allow direct testing of the type matcher.
4521		if ($dbg_type) {
4522			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Declare\s*$/) {
4523				ERROR("TEST_TYPE",
4524				      "TEST: is type\n" . $herecurr);
4525			} elsif ($dbg_type > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Declare)/) {
4526				ERROR("TEST_NOT_TYPE",
4527				      "TEST: is not type ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4528			}
4529			next;
4530		}
4531# TEST: allow direct testing of the attribute matcher.
4532		if ($dbg_attr) {
4533			if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Modifier\s*$/) {
4534				ERROR("TEST_ATTR",
4535				      "TEST: is attr\n" . $herecurr);
4536			} elsif ($dbg_attr > 1 && $line =~ /^.+($Modifier)/) {
4537				ERROR("TEST_NOT_ATTR",
4538				      "TEST: is not attr ($1 is)\n". $herecurr);
4539			}
4540			next;
4541		}
4542
4543# check for initialisation to aggregates open brace on the next line
4544		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4545		    $prevline =~ /(?:^|[^=])=\s*$/) {
4546			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4547				  "that open brace { should be on the previous line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4548			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4549				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4550				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4551				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
4552				$fixedline =~ s/\s*=\s*$/ = {/;
4553				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4554				$fixedline = $line;
4555				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1/;
4556				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4557			}
4558		}
4559
4560#
4561# Checks which are anchored on the added line.
4562#
4563
4564# check for malformed paths in #include statements (uses RAW line)
4565		if ($rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s+[<"](.*)[">]}) {
4566			my $path = $1;
4567			if ($path =~ m{//}) {
4568				ERROR("MALFORMED_INCLUDE",
4569				      "malformed #include filename\n" . $herecurr);
4570			}
4571			if ($path =~ "^uapi/" && $realfile =~ m@\binclude/uapi/@) {
4572				ERROR("UAPI_INCLUDE",
4573				      "No #include in ...include/uapi/... should use a uapi/ path prefix\n" . $herecurr);
4574			}
4575		}
4576
4577# no C99 // comments
4578		if ($line =~ m{//}) {
4579			if (ERROR("C99_COMMENTS",
4580				  "do not use C99 // comments\n" . $herecurr) &&
4581			    $fix) {
4582				my $line = $fixed[$fixlinenr];
4583				if ($line =~ /\/\/(.*)$/) {
4584					my $comment = trim($1);
4585					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s@\/\/(.*)$@/\* $comment \*/@;
4586				}
4587			}
4588		}
4589		# Remove C99 comments.
4590		$line =~ s@//.*@@;
4591		$opline =~ s@//.*@@;
4592
4593# EXPORT_SYMBOL should immediately follow the thing it is exporting, consider
4594# the whole statement.
4595#print "APW <$lines[$realline_next - 1]>\n";
4596		if (defined $realline_next &&
4597		    exists $lines[$realline_next - 1] &&
4598		    !defined $suppress_export{$realline_next} &&
4599		    ($lines[$realline_next - 1] =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4600			# Handle definitions which produce identifiers with
4601			# a prefix:
4602			#   XXX(foo);
4603			#   EXPORT_SYMBOL(something_foo);
4604			my $name = $1;
4605			$name =~ s/^\s*($Ident).*/$1/;
4606			if ($stat =~ /^(?:.\s*}\s*\n)?.([A-Z_]+)\s*\(\s*($Ident)/ &&
4607			    $name =~ /^${Ident}_$2/) {
4608#print "FOO C name<$name>\n";
4609				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4610
4611			} elsif ($stat !~ /(?:
4612				\n.}\s*$|
4613				^.DEFINE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4614				^.DECLARE_$Ident\(\Q$name\E\)|
4615				^.LIST_HEAD\(\Q$name\E\)|
4616				^.(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*\(\s*\*\s*\Q$name\E\s*\)\s*\(|
4617				\b\Q$name\E(?:\s+$Attribute)*\s*(?:;|=|\[|\()
4618			    )/x) {
4619#print "FOO A<$lines[$realline_next - 1]> stat<$stat> name<$name>\n";
4620				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 2;
4621			} else {
4622				$suppress_export{$realline_next} = 1;
4623			}
4624		}
4625		if (!defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4626		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*$/ &&
4627		    ($line =~ /EXPORT_SYMBOL.*\((.*)\)/)) {
4628#print "FOO B <$lines[$linenr - 1]>\n";
4629			$suppress_export{$linenr} = 2;
4630		}
4631		if (defined $suppress_export{$linenr} &&
4632		    $suppress_export{$linenr} == 2) {
4633			WARN("EXPORT_SYMBOL",
4634			     "EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo); should immediately follow its function/variable\n" . $herecurr);
4635		}
4636
4637# check for global initialisers.
4638		if ($line =~ /^\+$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*\s*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/ &&
4639		    !exclude_global_initialisers($realfile)) {
4640			if (ERROR("GLOBAL_INITIALISERS",
4641				  "do not initialise globals to $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
4642			    $fix) {
4643				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.$Type\s*$Ident(?:\s+$Modifier)*)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4644			}
4645		}
4646# check for static initialisers.
4647		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\bstatic\s.*=\s*($zero_initializer)\s*;/) {
4648			if (ERROR("INITIALISED_STATIC",
4649				  "do not initialise statics to $1\n" .
4650				      $herecurr) &&
4651			    $fix) {
4652				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s.*?)\s*=\s*$zero_initializer\s*;/$1;/;
4653			}
4654		}
4655
4656# check for misordered declarations of char/short/int/long with signed/unsigned
4657		while ($sline =~ m{(\b$TypeMisordered\b)}g) {
4658			my $tmp = trim($1);
4659			WARN("MISORDERED_TYPE",
4660			     "type '$tmp' should be specified in [[un]signed] [short|int|long|long long] order\n" . $herecurr);
4661		}
4662
4663# check for unnecessary <signed> int declarations of short/long/long long
4664		while ($sline =~ m{\b($TypeMisordered(\s*\*)*|$C90_int_types)\b}g) {
4665			my $type = trim($1);
4666			next if ($type !~ /\bint\b/);
4667			next if ($type !~ /\b(?:short|long\s+long|long)\b/);
4668			my $new_type = $type;
4669			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*int\s*\b/ /;
4670			$new_type =~ s/\b\s*(?:un)?signed\b\s*/ /;
4671			$new_type =~ s/^const\s+//;
4672			$new_type = "unsigned $new_type" if ($type =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
4673			$new_type = "const $new_type" if ($type =~ /^const\b/);
4674			$new_type =~ s/\s+/ /g;
4675			$new_type = trim($new_type);
4676			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_INT",
4677				 "Prefer '$new_type' over '$type' as the int is unnecessary\n" . $herecurr) &&
4678			    $fix) {
4679				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$type\E\b/$new_type/;
4680			}
4681		}
4682
4683# check for static const char * arrays.
4684		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+const\s+char\s*\*\s*(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*/) {
4685			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4686			     "static const char * array should probably be static const char * const\n" .
4687				$herecurr);
4688		}
4689
4690# check for initialized const char arrays that should be static const
4691		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*const\s+(char|unsigned\s+char|_*u8|(?:[us]_)?int8_t)\s+\w+\s*\[\s*(?:\w+\s*)?\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4692			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4693				 "const array should probably be static const\n" . $herecurr) &&
4694			    $fix) {
4695				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^.\s*)const\b/${1}static const/;
4696			}
4697		}
4698
4699# check for static char foo[] = "bar" declarations.
4700		if ($line =~ /\bstatic\s+char\s+(\w+)\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*"/) {
4701			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4702			     "static char array declaration should probably be static const char\n" .
4703				$herecurr);
4704		}
4705
4706# check for const <foo> const where <foo> is not a pointer or array type
4707		if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4708			my $found = $1;
4709			if ($sline =~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\b\s*\*/) {
4710				WARN("CONST_CONST",
4711				     "'const $found const *' should probably be 'const $found * const'\n" . $herecurr);
4712			} elsif ($sline !~ /\bconst\s+\Q$found\E\s+const\s+\w+\s*\[/) {
4713				WARN("CONST_CONST",
4714				     "'const $found const' should probably be 'const $found'\n" . $herecurr);
4715			}
4716		}
4717
4718# check for const static or static <non ptr type> const declarations
4719# prefer 'static const <foo>' over 'const static <foo>' and 'static <foo> const'
4720		if ($sline =~ /^\+\s*const\s+static\s+($Type)\b/ ||
4721		    $sline =~ /^\+\s*static\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/) {
4722			if (WARN("STATIC_CONST",
4723				 "Move const after static - use 'static const $1'\n" . $herecurr) &&
4724			    $fix) {
4725				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bconst\s+static\b/static const/;
4726				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bstatic\s+($BasicType)\s+const\b/static const $1/;
4727			}
4728		}
4729
4730# check for non-global char *foo[] = {"bar", ...} declarations.
4731		if ($line =~ /^.\s+(?:static\s+|const\s+)?char\s+\*\s*\w+\s*\[\s*\]\s*=\s*\{/) {
4732			WARN("STATIC_CONST_CHAR_ARRAY",
4733			     "char * array declaration might be better as static const\n" .
4734				$herecurr);
4735		}
4736
4737# check for sizeof(foo)/sizeof(foo[0]) that could be ARRAY_SIZE(foo)
4738		if ($line =~ m@\bsizeof\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)@) {
4739			my $array = $1;
4740			if ($line =~ m@\b(sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\)\s*/\s*sizeof\s*\(\s*\Q$array\E\s*\[\s*0\s*\]\s*\))@) {
4741				my $array_div = $1;
4742				if (WARN("ARRAY_SIZE",
4743					 "Prefer ARRAY_SIZE($array)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4744				    $fix) {
4745					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$array_div\E/ARRAY_SIZE($array)/;
4746				}
4747			}
4748		}
4749
4750# check for function declarations without arguments like "int foo()"
4751		if ($line =~ /(\b$Type\s*$Ident)\s*\(\s*\)/) {
4752			if (ERROR("FUNCTION_WITHOUT_ARGS",
4753				  "Bad function definition - $1() should probably be $1(void)\n" . $herecurr) &&
4754			    $fix) {
4755				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\b($Type)\s+($Ident))\s*\(\s*\)/$2 $3(void)/;
4756			}
4757		}
4758
4759# check for new typedefs, only function parameters and sparse annotations
4760# make sense.
4761		if ($line =~ /\btypedef\s/ &&
4762		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s*\(\s*\*?$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/ &&
4763		    $line !~ /\btypedef\s+$Type\s+$Ident\s*\(/ &&
4764		    $line !~ /\b$typeTypedefs\b/ &&
4765		    $line !~ /\b__bitwise\b/) {
4766			WARN("NEW_TYPEDEFS",
4767			     "do not add new typedefs\n" . $herecurr);
4768		}
4769
4770# * goes on variable not on type
4771		# (char*[ const])
4772		while ($line =~ m{(\($NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)\))}g) {
4773			#print "AA<$1>\n";
4774			my ($ident, $from, $to) = ($1, $2, $2);
4775
4776			# Should start with a space.
4777			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4778			# Should not end with a space.
4779			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
4780			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
4781			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4782			}
4783
4784##			print "1: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4785			if ($from ne $to) {
4786				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4787					  "\"(foo$from)\" should be \"(foo$to)\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4788				    $fix) {
4789					my $sub_from = $ident;
4790					my $sub_to = $ident;
4791					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4792					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4793					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4794				}
4795			}
4796		}
4797		while ($line =~ m{(\b$NonptrType(\s*(?:$Modifier\b\s*|\*\s*)+)($Ident))}g) {
4798			#print "BB<$1>\n";
4799			my ($match, $from, $to, $ident) = ($1, $2, $2, $3);
4800
4801			# Should start with a space.
4802			$to =~ s/^(\S)/ $1/;
4803			# Should not end with a space.
4804			$to =~ s/\s+$//;
4805			# '*'s should not have spaces between.
4806			while ($to =~ s/\*\s+\*/\*\*/) {
4807			}
4808			# Modifiers should have spaces.
4809			$to =~ s/(\b$Modifier$)/$1 /;
4810
4811##			print "2: from<$from> to<$to> ident<$ident>\n";
4812			if ($from ne $to && $ident !~ /^$Modifier$/) {
4813				if (ERROR("POINTER_LOCATION",
4814					  "\"foo${from}bar\" should be \"foo${to}bar\"\n" .  $herecurr) &&
4815				    $fix) {
4816
4817					my $sub_from = $match;
4818					my $sub_to = $match;
4819					$sub_to =~ s/\Q$from\E/$to/;
4820					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4821					    s@\Q$sub_from\E@$sub_to@;
4822				}
4823			}
4824		}
4825
4826# do not use BUG() or variants
4827		if ($line =~ /\b(?!AA_|BUILD_|DCCP_|IDA_|KVM_|RWLOCK_|snd_|SPIN_)(?:[a-zA-Z_]*_)?BUG(?:_ON)?(?:_[A-Z_]+)?\s*\(/) {
4828			my $msg_level = \&WARN;
4829			$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
4830			&{$msg_level}("AVOID_BUG",
4831				      "Do not crash the kernel unless it is absolutely unavoidable--use WARN_ON_ONCE() plus recovery code (if feasible) instead of BUG() or variants\n" . $herecurr);
4832		}
4833
4834# avoid LINUX_VERSION_CODE
4835		if ($line =~ /\bLINUX_VERSION_CODE\b/) {
4836			WARN("LINUX_VERSION_CODE",
4837			     "LINUX_VERSION_CODE should be avoided, code should be for the version to which it is merged\n" . $herecurr);
4838		}
4839
4840# check for uses of printk_ratelimit
4841		if ($line =~ /\bprintk_ratelimit\s*\(/) {
4842			WARN("PRINTK_RATELIMITED",
4843			     "Prefer printk_ratelimited or pr_<level>_ratelimited to printk_ratelimit\n" . $herecurr);
4844		}
4845
4846# printk should use KERN_* levels
4847		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*(?!KERN_[A-Z]+\b)/) {
4848			WARN("PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL",
4849			     "printk() should include KERN_<LEVEL> facility level\n" . $herecurr);
4850		}
4851
4852# prefer variants of (subsystem|netdev|dev|pr)_<level> to printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4853		if ($line =~ /\b(printk(_once|_ratelimited)?)\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4854			my $printk = $1;
4855			my $modifier = $2;
4856			my $orig = $3;
4857			$modifier = "" if (!defined($modifier));
4858			my $level = lc($orig);
4859			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4860			my $level2 = $level;
4861			$level2 = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4862			$level .= $modifier;
4863			$level2 .= $modifier;
4864			WARN("PREFER_PR_LEVEL",
4865			     "Prefer [subsystem eg: netdev]_$level2([subsystem]dev, ... then dev_$level2(dev, ... then pr_$level(...  to $printk(KERN_$orig ...\n" . $herecurr);
4866		}
4867
4868# prefer dev_<level> to dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL>
4869		if ($line =~ /\bdev_printk\s*\(\s*KERN_([A-Z]+)/) {
4870			my $orig = $1;
4871			my $level = lc($orig);
4872			$level = "warn" if ($level eq "warning");
4873			$level = "dbg" if ($level eq "debug");
4874			WARN("PREFER_DEV_LEVEL",
4875			     "Prefer dev_$level(... to dev_printk(KERN_$orig, ...\n" . $herecurr);
4876		}
4877
4878# trace_printk should not be used in production code.
4879		if ($line =~ /\b(trace_printk|trace_puts|ftrace_vprintk)\s*\(/) {
4880			WARN("TRACE_PRINTK",
4881			     "Do not use $1() in production code (this can be ignored if built only with a debug config option)\n" . $herecurr);
4882		}
4883
4884# ENOSYS means "bad syscall nr" and nothing else.  This will have a small
4885# number of false positives, but assembly files are not checked, so at
4886# least the arch entry code will not trigger this warning.
4887		if ($line =~ /\bENOSYS\b/) {
4888			WARN("ENOSYS",
4889			     "ENOSYS means 'invalid syscall nr' and nothing else\n" . $herecurr);
4890		}
4891
4892# ENOTSUPP is not a standard error code and should be avoided in new patches.
4893# Folks usually mean EOPNOTSUPP (also called ENOTSUP), when they type ENOTSUPP.
4894# Similarly to ENOSYS warning a small number of false positives is expected.
4895		if (!$file && $line =~ /\bENOTSUPP\b/) {
4896			if (WARN("ENOTSUPP",
4897				 "ENOTSUPP is not a SUSV4 error code, prefer EOPNOTSUPP\n" . $herecurr) &&
4898			    $fix) {
4899				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bENOTSUPP\b/EOPNOTSUPP/;
4900			}
4901		}
4902
4903# function brace can't be on same line, except for #defines of do while,
4904# or if closed on same line
4905		if ($perl_version_ok &&
4906		    $sline =~ /$Type\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*\{/ &&
4907		    $sline !~ /\#\s*define\b.*do\s*\{/ &&
4908		    $sline !~ /}/) {
4909			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4910				  "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herecurr) &&
4911			    $fix) {
4912				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4913				my $fixed_line = $rawline;
4914				$fixed_line =~ /(^..*$Type\s*$Ident\(.*\)\s*)\{(.*)$/;
4915				my $line1 = $1;
4916				my $line2 = $2;
4917				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, ltrim($line1));
4918				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+{");
4919				if ($line2 !~ /^\s*$/) {
4920					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "\+\t" . trim($line2));
4921				}
4922			}
4923		}
4924
4925# open braces for enum, union and struct go on the same line.
4926		if ($line =~ /^.\s*{/ &&
4927		    $prevline =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident)?\s*$/) {
4928			if (ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
4929				  "open brace '{' following $1 go on the same line\n" . $hereprev) &&
4930			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
4931				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
4932				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
4933				my $fixedline = rtrim($prevrawline) . " {";
4934				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4935				$fixedline = $rawline;
4936				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)\{\s*/$1\t/;
4937				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
4938					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
4939				}
4940			}
4941		}
4942
4943# missing space after union, struct or enum definition
4944		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2}[=\{]/) {
4945			if (WARN("SPACING",
4946				 "missing space after $1 definition\n" . $herecurr) &&
4947			    $fix) {
4948				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
4949				    s/^(.\s*(?:typedef\s+)?(?:enum|union|struct)(?:\s+$Ident){1,2})([=\{])/$1 $2/;
4950			}
4951		}
4952
4953# Function pointer declarations
4954# check spacing between type, funcptr, and args
4955# canonical declaration is "type (*funcptr)(args...)"
4956		if ($line =~ /^.\s*($Declare)\((\s*)\*(\s*)($Ident)(\s*)\)(\s*)\(/) {
4957			my $declare = $1;
4958			my $pre_pointer_space = $2;
4959			my $post_pointer_space = $3;
4960			my $funcname = $4;
4961			my $post_funcname_space = $5;
4962			my $pre_args_space = $6;
4963
4964# the $Declare variable will capture all spaces after the type
4965# so check it for a missing trailing missing space but pointer return types
4966# don't need a space so don't warn for those.
4967			my $post_declare_space = "";
4968			if ($declare =~ /(\s+)$/) {
4969				$post_declare_space = $1;
4970				$declare = rtrim($declare);
4971			}
4972			if ($declare !~ /\*$/ && $post_declare_space =~ /^$/) {
4973				WARN("SPACING",
4974				     "missing space after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4975				$post_declare_space = " ";
4976			}
4977
4978# unnecessary space "type  (*funcptr)(args...)"
4979# This test is not currently implemented because these declarations are
4980# equivalent to
4981#	int  foo(int bar, ...)
4982# and this is form shouldn't/doesn't generate a checkpatch warning.
4983#
4984#			elsif ($declare =~ /\s{2,}$/) {
4985#				WARN("SPACING",
4986#				     "Multiple spaces after return type\n" . $herecurr);
4987#			}
4988
4989# unnecessary space "type ( *funcptr)(args...)"
4990			if (defined $pre_pointer_space &&
4991			    $pre_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4992				WARN("SPACING",
4993				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer open parenthesis\n" . $herecurr);
4994			}
4995
4996# unnecessary space "type (* funcptr)(args...)"
4997			if (defined $post_pointer_space &&
4998			    $post_pointer_space =~ /^\s/) {
4999				WARN("SPACING",
5000				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
5001			}
5002
5003# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr )(args...)"
5004			if (defined $post_funcname_space &&
5005			    $post_funcname_space =~ /^\s/) {
5006				WARN("SPACING",
5007				     "Unnecessary space after function pointer name\n" . $herecurr);
5008			}
5009
5010# unnecessary space "type (*funcptr) (args...)"
5011			if (defined $pre_args_space &&
5012			    $pre_args_space =~ /^\s/) {
5013				WARN("SPACING",
5014				     "Unnecessary space before function pointer arguments\n" . $herecurr);
5015			}
5016
5017			if (show_type("SPACING") && $fix) {
5018				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5019				    s/^(.\s*)$Declare\s*\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\)\s*\(/$1 . $declare . $post_declare_space . '(*' . $funcname . ')('/ex;
5020			}
5021		}
5022
5023# check for spacing round square brackets; allowed:
5024#  1. with a type on the left -- int [] a;
5025#  2. at the beginning of a line for slice initialisers -- [0...10] = 5,
5026#  3. inside a curly brace -- = { [0...10] = 5 }
5027		while ($line =~ /(.*?\s)\[/g) {
5028			my ($where, $prefix) = ($-[1], $1);
5029			if ($prefix !~ /$Type\s+$/ &&
5030			    ($where != 0 || $prefix !~ /^.\s+$/) &&
5031			    $prefix !~ /[{,:]\s+$/) {
5032				if (ERROR("BRACKET_SPACE",
5033					  "space prohibited before open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5034				    $fix) {
5035				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5036					s/^(\+.*?)\s+\[/$1\[/;
5037				}
5038			}
5039		}
5040
5041# check for spaces between functions and their parentheses.
5042		while ($line =~ /($Ident)\s+\(/g) {
5043			my $name = $1;
5044			my $ctx_before = substr($line, 0, $-[1]);
5045			my $ctx = "$ctx_before$name";
5046
5047			# Ignore those directives where spaces _are_ permitted.
5048			if ($name =~ /^(?:
5049				if|for|while|switch|return|case|
5050				volatile|__volatile__|
5051				__attribute__|format|__extension__|
5052				asm|__asm__|scoped_guard)$/x)
5053			{
5054			# cpp #define statements have non-optional spaces, ie
5055			# if there is a space between the name and the open
5056			# parenthesis it is simply not a parameter group.
5057			} elsif ($ctx_before =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$/) {
5058
5059			# cpp #elif statement condition may start with a (
5060			} elsif ($ctx =~ /^.\s*\#\s*elif\s*$/) {
5061
5062			# If this whole things ends with a type its most
5063			# likely a typedef for a function.
5064			} elsif ($ctx =~ /$Type$/) {
5065
5066			} else {
5067				if (WARN("SPACING",
5068					 "space prohibited between function name and open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5069					     $fix) {
5070					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5071					    s/\b$name\s+\(/$name\(/;
5072				}
5073			}
5074		}
5075
5076# Check operator spacing.
5077		if (!($line=~/\#\s*include/)) {
5078			my $fixed_line = "";
5079			my $line_fixed = 0;
5080
5081			my $ops = qr{
5082				<<=|>>=|<=|>=|==|!=|
5083				\+=|-=|\*=|\/=|%=|\^=|\|=|&=|
5084				=>|->|<<|>>|<|>|=|!|~|
5085				&&|\|\||,|\^|\+\+|--|&|\||\+|-|\*|\/|%|
5086				\?:|\?|:
5087			}x;
5088			my @elements = split(/($ops|;)/, $opline);
5089
5090##			print("element count: <" . $#elements . ">\n");
5091##			foreach my $el (@elements) {
5092##				print("el: <$el>\n");
5093##			}
5094
5095			my @fix_elements = ();
5096			my $off = 0;
5097
5098			foreach my $el (@elements) {
5099				push(@fix_elements, substr($rawline, $off, length($el)));
5100				$off += length($el);
5101			}
5102
5103			$off = 0;
5104
5105			my $blank = copy_spacing($opline);
5106			my $last_after = -1;
5107
5108			for (my $n = 0; $n < $#elements; $n += 2) {
5109
5110				my $good = $fix_elements[$n] . $fix_elements[$n + 1];
5111
5112##				print("n: <$n> good: <$good>\n");
5113
5114				$off += length($elements[$n]);
5115
5116				# Pick up the preceding and succeeding characters.
5117				my $ca = substr($opline, 0, $off);
5118				my $cc = '';
5119				if (length($opline) >= ($off + length($elements[$n + 1]))) {
5120					$cc = substr($opline, $off + length($elements[$n + 1]));
5121				}
5122				my $cb = "$ca$;$cc";
5123
5124				my $a = '';
5125				$a = 'V' if ($elements[$n] ne '');
5126				$a = 'W' if ($elements[$n] =~ /\s$/);
5127				$a = 'C' if ($elements[$n] =~ /$;$/);
5128				$a = 'B' if ($elements[$n] =~ /(\[|\()$/);
5129				$a = 'O' if ($elements[$n] eq '');
5130				$a = 'E' if ($ca =~ /^\s*$/);
5131
5132				my $op = $elements[$n + 1];
5133
5134				my $c = '';
5135				if (defined $elements[$n + 2]) {
5136					$c = 'V' if ($elements[$n + 2] ne '');
5137					$c = 'W' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s/);
5138					$c = 'C' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^$;/);
5139					$c = 'B' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^(\)|\]|;)/);
5140					$c = 'O' if ($elements[$n + 2] eq '');
5141					$c = 'E' if ($elements[$n + 2] =~ /^\s*\\$/);
5142				} else {
5143					$c = 'E';
5144				}
5145
5146				my $ctx = "${a}x${c}";
5147
5148				my $at = "(ctx:$ctx)";
5149
5150				my $ptr = substr($blank, 0, $off) . "^";
5151				my $hereptr = "$hereline$ptr\n";
5152
5153				# Pull out the value of this operator.
5154				my $op_type = substr($curr_values, $off + 1, 1);
5155
5156				# Get the full operator variant.
5157				my $opv = $op . substr($curr_vars, $off, 1);
5158
5159				# Ignore operators passed as parameters.
5160				if ($op_type ne 'V' &&
5161				    $ca =~ /\s$/ && $cc =~ /^\s*[,\)]/) {
5162
5163#				# Ignore comments
5164#				} elsif ($op =~ /^$;+$/) {
5165
5166				# ; should have either the end of line or a space or \ after it
5167				} elsif ($op eq ';') {
5168					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEBC]/ &&
5169					    $cc !~ /^\\/ && $cc !~ /^;/) {
5170						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5171							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5172							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5173							$line_fixed = 1;
5174						}
5175					}
5176
5177				# // is a comment
5178				} elsif ($op eq '//') {
5179
5180				#   :   when part of a bitfield
5181				} elsif ($opv eq ':B') {
5182					# skip the bitfield test for now
5183
5184				# No spaces for:
5185				#   ->
5186				} elsif ($op eq '->') {
5187					if ($ctx =~ /Wx.|.xW/) {
5188						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5189							  "spaces prohibited around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5190							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5191							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5192								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5193							}
5194							$line_fixed = 1;
5195						}
5196					}
5197
5198				# , must not have a space before and must have a space on the right.
5199				} elsif ($op eq ',') {
5200					my $rtrim_before = 0;
5201					my $space_after = 0;
5202					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./) {
5203						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5204							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5205							$line_fixed = 1;
5206							$rtrim_before = 1;
5207						}
5208					}
5209					if ($ctx !~ /.x[WEC]/ && $cc !~ /^}/) {
5210						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5211							  "space required after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5212							$line_fixed = 1;
5213							$last_after = $n;
5214							$space_after = 1;
5215						}
5216					}
5217					if ($rtrim_before || $space_after) {
5218						if ($rtrim_before) {
5219							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5220						} else {
5221							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5222						}
5223						if ($space_after) {
5224							$good .= " ";
5225						}
5226					}
5227
5228				# '*' as part of a type definition -- reported already.
5229				} elsif ($opv eq '*_') {
5230					#warn "'*' is part of type\n";
5231
5232				# unary operators should have a space before and
5233				# none after.  May be left adjacent to another
5234				# unary operator, or a cast
5235				} elsif ($op eq '!' || $op eq '~' ||
5236					 $opv eq '*U' || $opv eq '-U' ||
5237					 $opv eq '&U' || $opv eq '&&U') {
5238					if ($ctx !~ /[WEBC]x./ && $ca !~ /(?:\)|!|~|\*|-|\&|\||\+\+|\-\-|\{)$/) {
5239						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5240							  "space required before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5241							if ($n != $last_after + 2) {
5242								$good = $fix_elements[$n] . " " . ltrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5243								$line_fixed = 1;
5244							}
5245						}
5246					}
5247					if ($op eq '*' && $cc =~/\s*$Modifier\b/) {
5248						# A unary '*' may be const
5249
5250					} elsif ($ctx =~ /.xW/) {
5251						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5252							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5253							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . rtrim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5254							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5255								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5256							}
5257							$line_fixed = 1;
5258						}
5259					}
5260
5261				# unary ++ and unary -- are allowed no space on one side.
5262				} elsif ($op eq '++' or $op eq '--') {
5263					if ($ctx !~ /[WEOBC]x[^W]/ && $ctx !~ /[^W]x[WOBEC]/) {
5264						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5265							  "space required one side of that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5266							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5267							$line_fixed = 1;
5268						}
5269					}
5270					if ($ctx =~ /Wx[BE]/ ||
5271					    ($ctx =~ /Wx./ && $cc =~ /^;/)) {
5272						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5273							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5274							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5275							$line_fixed = 1;
5276						}
5277					}
5278					if ($ctx =~ /ExW/) {
5279						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5280							  "space prohibited after that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5281							$good = $fix_elements[$n] . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5282							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5283								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5284							}
5285							$line_fixed = 1;
5286						}
5287					}
5288
5289				# << and >> may either have or not have spaces both sides
5290				} elsif ($op eq '<<' or $op eq '>>' or
5291					 $op eq '&' or $op eq '^' or $op eq '|' or
5292					 $op eq '+' or $op eq '-' or
5293					 $op eq '*' or $op eq '/' or
5294					 $op eq '%')
5295				{
5296					if ($check) {
5297						if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /[EW]x[EW]/) {
5298							if (CHK("SPACING",
5299								"spaces preferred around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5300								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5301								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5302								$line_fixed = 1;
5303							}
5304						} elsif (!defined $fix_elements[$n + 2] && $ctx !~ /Wx[OE]/) {
5305							if (CHK("SPACING",
5306								"space preferred before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5307								$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5308								$line_fixed = 1;
5309							}
5310						}
5311					} elsif ($ctx =~ /Wx[^WCE]|[^WCE]xW/) {
5312						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5313							  "need consistent spacing around '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5314							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5315							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5316								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5317							}
5318							$line_fixed = 1;
5319						}
5320					}
5321
5322				# A colon needs no spaces before when it is
5323				# terminating a case value or a label.
5324				} elsif ($opv eq ':C' || $opv eq ':L') {
5325					if ($ctx =~ /Wx./ and $realfile !~ m@.*\.lds\.h$@) {
5326						if (ERROR("SPACING",
5327							  "space prohibited before that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5328							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]);
5329							$line_fixed = 1;
5330						}
5331					}
5332
5333				# All the others need spaces both sides.
5334				} elsif ($ctx !~ /[EWC]x[CWE]/) {
5335					my $ok = 0;
5336
5337					# Ignore email addresses <foo@bar>
5338					if (($op eq '<' &&
5339					     $cc =~ /^\S+\@\S+>/) ||
5340					    ($op eq '>' &&
5341					     $ca =~ /<\S+\@\S+$/))
5342					{
5343						$ok = 1;
5344					}
5345
5346					# for asm volatile statements
5347					# ignore a colon with another
5348					# colon immediately before or after
5349					if (($op eq ':') &&
5350					    ($ca =~ /:$/ || $cc =~ /^:/)) {
5351						$ok = 1;
5352					}
5353
5354					# messages are ERROR, but ?: are CHK
5355					if ($ok == 0) {
5356						my $msg_level = \&ERROR;
5357						$msg_level = \&CHK if (($op eq '?:' || $op eq '?' || $op eq ':') && $ctx =~ /VxV/);
5358
5359						if (&{$msg_level}("SPACING",
5360								  "spaces required around that '$op' $at\n" . $hereptr)) {
5361							$good = rtrim($fix_elements[$n]) . " " . trim($fix_elements[$n + 1]) . " ";
5362							if (defined $fix_elements[$n + 2]) {
5363								$fix_elements[$n + 2] =~ s/^\s+//;
5364							}
5365							$line_fixed = 1;
5366						}
5367					}
5368				}
5369				$off += length($elements[$n + 1]);
5370
5371##				print("n: <$n> GOOD: <$good>\n");
5372
5373				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $good;
5374			}
5375
5376			if (($#elements % 2) == 0) {
5377				$fixed_line = $fixed_line . $fix_elements[$#elements];
5378			}
5379
5380			if ($fix && $line_fixed && $fixed_line ne $fixed[$fixlinenr]) {
5381				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = $fixed_line;
5382			}
5383
5384
5385		}
5386
5387# check for whitespace before a non-naked semicolon
5388		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\S\s+;\s*$/) {
5389			if (WARN("SPACING",
5390				 "space prohibited before semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
5391			    $fix) {
5392				1 while $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5393				    s/^(\+.*\S)\s+;/$1;/;
5394			}
5395		}
5396
5397# check for multiple assignments
5398		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Lval\s*=\s*$Lval\s*=(?!=)/) {
5399			CHK("MULTIPLE_ASSIGNMENTS",
5400			    "multiple assignments should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5401		}
5402
5403## # check for multiple declarations, allowing for a function declaration
5404## # continuation.
5405## 		if ($line =~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Ident.*/ &&
5406## 		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=[^,{]*)?\s*,\s*$Type\s*$Ident.*/) {
5407##
5408## 			# Remove any bracketed sections to ensure we do not
5409## 			# falsely report the parameters of functions.
5410## 			my $ln = $line;
5411## 			while ($ln =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)//g) {
5412## 			}
5413## 			if ($ln =~ /,/) {
5414## 				WARN("MULTIPLE_DECLARATION",
5415##				     "declaring multiple variables together should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
5416## 			}
5417## 		}
5418
5419#need space before brace following if, while, etc
5420		if (($line =~ /\(.*\)\{/ && $line !~ /\($Type\)\{/) ||
5421		    $line =~ /\b(?:else|do)\{/) {
5422			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5423				  "space required before the open brace '{'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5424			    $fix) {
5425				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*(?:do|else|\)))\{/$1 {/;
5426			}
5427		}
5428
5429## # check for blank lines before declarations
5430##		if ($line =~ /^.\t+$Type\s+$Ident(?:\s*=.*)?;/ &&
5431##		    $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/) {
5432##			WARN("SPACING",
5433##			     "No blank lines before declarations\n" . $hereprev);
5434##		}
5435##
5436
5437# closing brace should have a space following it when it has anything
5438# on the line
5439		if ($line =~ /}(?!(?:,|;|\)|\}))\S/) {
5440			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5441				  "space required after that close brace '}'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5442			    $fix) {
5443				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5444				    s/}((?!(?:,|;|\)))\S)/} $1/;
5445			}
5446		}
5447
5448# check spacing on square brackets
5449		if ($line =~ /\[\s/ && $line !~ /\[\s*$/) {
5450			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5451				  "space prohibited after that open square bracket '['\n" . $herecurr) &&
5452			    $fix) {
5453				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5454				    s/\[\s+/\[/;
5455			}
5456		}
5457		if ($line =~ /\s\]/) {
5458			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5459				  "space prohibited before that close square bracket ']'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5460			    $fix) {
5461				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5462				    s/\s+\]/\]/;
5463			}
5464		}
5465
5466# check spacing on parentheses
5467		if ($line =~ /\(\s/ && $line !~ /\(\s*(?:\\)?$/ &&
5468		    $line !~ /for\s*\(\s+;/) {
5469			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5470				  "space prohibited after that open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5471			    $fix) {
5472				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5473				    s/\(\s+/\(/;
5474			}
5475		}
5476		if ($line =~ /(\s+)\)/ && $line !~ /^.\s*\)/ &&
5477		    $line !~ /for\s*\(.*;\s+\)/ &&
5478		    $line !~ /:\s+\)/) {
5479			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5480				  "space prohibited before that close parenthesis ')'\n" . $herecurr) &&
5481			    $fix) {
5482				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5483				    s/\s+\)/\)/;
5484			}
5485		}
5486
5487# check unnecessary parentheses around addressof/dereference single $Lvals
5488# ie: &(foo->bar) should be &foo->bar and *(foo->bar) should be *foo->bar
5489
5490		while ($line =~ /(?:[^&]&\s*|\*)\(\s*($Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+)\s*\)/g) {
5491			my $var = $1;
5492			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5493				"Unnecessary parentheses around $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5494			    $fix) {
5495				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$var\E\s*\)/$var/;
5496			}
5497		}
5498
5499# check for unnecessary parentheses around function pointer uses
5500# ie: (foo->bar)(); should be foo->bar();
5501# but not "if (foo->bar) (" to avoid some false positives
5502		if ($line =~ /(\bif\s*|)(\(\s*$Ident\s*(?:$Member\s*)+\))[ \t]*\(/ && $1 !~ /^if/) {
5503			my $var = $2;
5504			if (CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5505				"Unnecessary parentheses around function pointer $var\n" . $herecurr) &&
5506			    $fix) {
5507				my $var2 = deparenthesize($var);
5508				$var2 =~ s/\s//g;
5509				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$var\E/$var2/;
5510			}
5511		}
5512
5513# check for unnecessary parentheses around comparisons in if uses
5514# when !drivers/staging or command-line uses --strict
5515		if (($realfile !~ m@^(?:drivers/staging/)@ || $check_orig) &&
5516		    $perl_version_ok && defined($stat) &&
5517		    $stat =~ /(^.\s*if\s*($balanced_parens))/) {
5518			my $if_stat = $1;
5519			my $test = substr($2, 1, -1);
5520			my $herectx;
5521			while ($test =~ /(?:^|[^\w\&\!\~])+\s*\(\s*([\&\!\~]?\s*$Lval\s*(?:$Compare\s*$FuncArg)?)\s*\)/g) {
5522				my $match = $1;
5523				# avoid parentheses around potential macro args
5524				next if ($match =~ /^\s*\w+\s*$/);
5525				if (!defined($herectx)) {
5526					$herectx = $here . "\n";
5527					my $cnt = statement_rawlines($if_stat);
5528					for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
5529						my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
5530						$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
5531						last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
5532					}
5533				}
5534				CHK("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5535				    "Unnecessary parentheses around '$match'\n" . $herectx);
5536			}
5537		}
5538
5539# check that goto labels aren't indented (allow a single space indentation)
5540# and ignore bitfield definitions like foo:1
5541# Strictly, labels can have whitespace after the identifier and before the :
5542# but this is not allowed here as many ?: uses would appear to be labels
5543		if ($sline =~ /^.\s+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z\d_]*:(?!\s*\d+)/ &&
5544		    $sline !~ /^. [A-Za-z\d_][A-Za-z\d_]*:/ &&
5545		    $sline !~ /^.\s+default:/) {
5546			if (WARN("INDENTED_LABEL",
5547				 "labels should not be indented\n" . $herecurr) &&
5548			    $fix) {
5549				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5550				    s/^(.)\s+/$1/;
5551			}
5552		}
5553
5554# check if a statement with a comma should be two statements like:
5555#	foo = bar(),	/* comma should be semicolon */
5556#	bar = baz();
5557		if (defined($stat) &&
5558		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*,\s*(?:$Lval\s*$Assignment\s*)?$FuncArg\s*;\s*$/) {
5559			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
5560			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
5561			WARN("SUSPECT_COMMA_SEMICOLON",
5562			     "Possible comma where semicolon could be used\n" . $herectx);
5563		}
5564
5565# return is not a function
5566		if (defined($stat) && $stat =~ /^.\s*return(\s*)\(/s) {
5567			my $spacing = $1;
5568			if ($perl_version_ok &&
5569			    $stat =~ /^.\s*return\s*($balanced_parens)\s*;\s*$/) {
5570				my $value = $1;
5571				$value = deparenthesize($value);
5572				if ($value =~ m/^\s*$FuncArg\s*(?:\?|$)/) {
5573					ERROR("RETURN_PARENTHESES",
5574					      "return is not a function, parentheses are not required\n" . $herecurr);
5575				}
5576			} elsif ($spacing !~ /\s+/) {
5577				ERROR("SPACING",
5578				      "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr);
5579			}
5580		}
5581
5582# unnecessary return in a void function
5583# at end-of-function, with the previous line a single leading tab, then return;
5584# and the line before that not a goto label target like "out:"
5585		if ($sline =~ /^[ \+]}\s*$/ &&
5586		    $prevline =~ /^\+\treturn\s*;\s*$/ &&
5587		    $linenr >= 3 &&
5588		    $lines[$linenr - 3] =~ /^[ +]/ &&
5589		    $lines[$linenr - 3] !~ /^[ +]\s*$Ident\s*:/) {
5590			WARN("RETURN_VOID",
5591			     "void function return statements are not generally useful\n" . $hereprev);
5592		}
5593
5594# if statements using unnecessary parentheses - ie: if ((foo == bar))
5595		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5596		    $line =~ /\bif\s*((?:\(\s*){2,})/) {
5597			my $openparens = $1;
5598			my $count = $openparens =~ tr@\(@\(@;
5599			my $msg = "";
5600			if ($line =~ /\bif\s*(?:\(\s*){$count,$count}$LvalOrFunc\s*($Compare)\s*$LvalOrFunc(?:\s*\)){$count,$count}/) {
5601				my $comp = $4;	#Not $1 because of $LvalOrFunc
5602				$msg = " - maybe == should be = ?" if ($comp eq "==");
5603				WARN("UNNECESSARY_PARENTHESES",
5604				     "Unnecessary parentheses$msg\n" . $herecurr);
5605			}
5606		}
5607
5608# comparisons with a constant or upper case identifier on the left
5609#	avoid cases like "foo + BAR < baz"
5610#	only fix matches surrounded by parentheses to avoid incorrect
5611#	conversions like "FOO < baz() + 5" being "misfixed" to "baz() > FOO + 5"
5612		if ($perl_version_ok &&
5613		    $line =~ /^\+(.*)\b($Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)\s*($Compare)\s*($LvalOrFunc)/) {
5614			my $lead = $1;
5615			my $const = $2;
5616			my $comp = $3;
5617			my $to = $4;
5618			my $newcomp = $comp;
5619			if ($lead !~ /(?:$Operators|\.)\s*$/ &&
5620			    $to !~ /^(?:Constant|[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*)$/ &&
5621			    WARN("CONSTANT_COMPARISON",
5622				 "Comparisons should place the constant on the right side of the test\n" . $herecurr) &&
5623			    $fix) {
5624				if ($comp eq "<") {
5625					$newcomp = ">";
5626				} elsif ($comp eq "<=") {
5627					$newcomp = ">=";
5628				} elsif ($comp eq ">") {
5629					$newcomp = "<";
5630				} elsif ($comp eq ">=") {
5631					$newcomp = "<=";
5632				}
5633				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(\s*\Q$const\E\s*$Compare\s*\Q$to\E\s*\)/($to $newcomp $const)/;
5634			}
5635		}
5636
5637# Return of what appears to be an errno should normally be negative
5638		if ($sline =~ /\breturn(?:\s*\(+\s*|\s+)(E[A-Z]+)(?:\s*\)+\s*|\s*)[;:,]/) {
5639			my $name = $1;
5640			if ($name ne 'EOF' && $name ne 'ERROR' && $name !~ /^EPOLL/) {
5641				WARN("USE_NEGATIVE_ERRNO",
5642				     "return of an errno should typically be negative (ie: return -$1)\n" . $herecurr);
5643			}
5644		}
5645
5646# Need a space before open parenthesis after if, while etc
5647		if ($line =~ /\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/) {
5648			if (ERROR("SPACING",
5649				  "space required before the open parenthesis '('\n" . $herecurr) &&
5650			    $fix) {
5651				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
5652				    s/\b(if|while|for|switch)\(/$1 \(/;
5653			}
5654		}
5655
5656# Check for illegal assignment in if conditional -- and check for trailing
5657# statements after the conditional.
5658		if ($line =~ /do\s*(?!{)/) {
5659			($stat, $cond, $line_nr_next, $remain_next, $off_next) =
5660				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0)
5661					if (!defined $stat);
5662			my ($stat_next) = ctx_statement_block($line_nr_next,
5663						$remain_next, $off_next);
5664			$stat_next =~ s/\n./\n /g;
5665			##print "stat<$stat> stat_next<$stat_next>\n";
5666
5667			if ($stat_next =~ /^\s*while\b/) {
5668				# If the statement carries leading newlines,
5669				# then count those as offsets.
5670				my ($whitespace) =
5671					($stat_next =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
5672				my $offset =
5673					statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
5674
5675				$suppress_whiletrailers{$line_nr_next +
5676								$offset} = 1;
5677			}
5678		}
5679		if (!defined $suppress_whiletrailers{$linenr} &&
5680		    defined($stat) && defined($cond) &&
5681		    $line =~ /\b(?:if|while|for)\s*\(/ && $line !~ /^.\s*#/) {
5682			my ($s, $c) = ($stat, $cond);
5683			my $fixed_assign_in_if = 0;
5684
5685			if ($c =~ /\bif\s*\(.*[^<>!=]=[^=].*/s) {
5686				if (ERROR("ASSIGN_IN_IF",
5687					  "do not use assignment in if condition\n" . $herecurr) &&
5688				    $fix && $perl_version_ok) {
5689					if ($rawline =~ /^\+(\s+)if\s*\(\s*(\!)?\s*\(\s*(($Lval)\s*=\s*$LvalOrFunc)\s*\)\s*(?:($Compare)\s*($FuncArg))?\s*\)\s*(\{)?\s*$/) {
5690						my $space = $1;
5691						my $not = $2;
5692						my $statement = $3;
5693						my $assigned = $4;
5694						my $test = $8;
5695						my $against = $9;
5696						my $brace = $15;
5697						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5698						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, "$space$statement;");
5699						my $newline = "${space}if (";
5700						$newline .= '!' if defined($not);
5701						$newline .= '(' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5702						$newline .= "$assigned";
5703						$newline .= " $test $against" if (defined($test) && defined($against));
5704						$newline .= ')' if (defined $not && defined($test) && defined($against));
5705						$newline .= ')';
5706						$newline .= " {" if (defined($brace));
5707						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, $newline);
5708						$fixed_assign_in_if = 1;
5709					}
5710				}
5711			}
5712
5713			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5714			# conditional.
5715			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5716			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5717			$s =~ s/$;//g;	# Remove any comments
5718			if (length($c) && $s !~ /^\s*{?\s*\\*\s*$/ &&
5719			    $c !~ /}\s*while\s*/)
5720			{
5721				# Find out how long the conditional actually is.
5722				my @newlines = ($c =~ /\n/gs);
5723				my $cond_lines = 1 + $#newlines;
5724				my $stat_real = '';
5725
5726				$stat_real = raw_line($linenr, $cond_lines)
5727							. "\n" if ($cond_lines);
5728				if (defined($stat_real) && $cond_lines > 1) {
5729					$stat_real = "[...]\n$stat_real";
5730				}
5731
5732				if (ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5733					  "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr . $stat_real) &&
5734				    !$fixed_assign_in_if &&
5735				    $cond_lines == 0 &&
5736				    $fix && $perl_version_ok &&
5737				    $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ /^\+(\s*)((?:if|while|for)\s*$balanced_parens)\s*(.*)$/) {
5738					my $indent = $1;
5739					my $test = $2;
5740					my $rest = rtrim($4);
5741					if ($rest =~ /;$/) {
5742						$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+$indent$test";
5743						fix_insert_line($fixlinenr + 1, "$indent\t$rest");
5744					}
5745				}
5746			}
5747		}
5748
5749# Check for bitwise tests written as boolean
5750		if ($line =~ /
5751			(?:
5752				(?:\[|\(|\&\&|\|\|)
5753				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5754				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
5755			|
5756				(?:\&\&|\|\|)
5757				\s*0[xX][0-9]+\s*
5758				(?:\&\&|\|\||\)|\])
5759			)/x)
5760		{
5761			WARN("HEXADECIMAL_BOOLEAN_TEST",
5762			     "boolean test with hexadecimal, perhaps just 1 \& or \|?\n" . $herecurr);
5763		}
5764
5765# if and else should not have general statements after it
5766		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:}\s*)?else\b(.*)/) {
5767			my $s = $1;
5768			$s =~ s/$;//g;	# Remove any comments
5769			if ($s !~ /^\s*(?:\sif|(?:{|)\s*\\?\s*$)/) {
5770				ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5771				      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5772			}
5773		}
5774# if should not continue a brace
5775		if ($line =~ /}\s*if\b/) {
5776			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5777			      "trailing statements should be on next line (or did you mean 'else if'?)\n" .
5778				$herecurr);
5779		}
5780# case and default should not have general statements after them
5781		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(?:case\s*.*|default\s*):/g &&
5782		    $line !~ /\G(?:
5783			(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*{)?(?:\s*$;*)(?:\s*\\)?\s*$|
5784			\s*return\s+
5785		    )/xg)
5786		{
5787			ERROR("TRAILING_STATEMENTS",
5788			      "trailing statements should be on next line\n" . $herecurr);
5789		}
5790
5791		# Check for }<nl>else {, these must be at the same
5792		# indent level to be relevant to each other.
5793		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*else\s*/ &&
5794		    $previndent == $indent) {
5795			if (ERROR("ELSE_AFTER_BRACE",
5796				  "else should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5797			    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5798				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5799				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5800				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5801				$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$//;
5802				if ($fixedline !~ /^\+\s*$/) {
5803					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5804				}
5805				$fixedline = $rawline;
5806				$fixedline =~ s/^(.\s*)else/$1} else/;
5807				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5808			}
5809		}
5810
5811		if ($prevline=~/}\s*$/ and $line=~/^.\s*while\s*/ &&
5812		    $previndent == $indent) {
5813			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5814
5815			# Find out what is on the end of the line after the
5816			# conditional.
5817			substr($s, 0, length($c), '');
5818			$s =~ s/\n.*//g;
5819
5820			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/) {
5821				if (ERROR("WHILE_AFTER_BRACE",
5822					  "while should follow close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
5823				    $fix && $prevline =~ /^\+/ && $line =~ /^\+/) {
5824					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
5825					fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
5826					my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
5827					my $trailing = $rawline;
5828					$trailing =~ s/^\+//;
5829					$trailing = trim($trailing);
5830					$fixedline =~ s/}\s*$/} $trailing/;
5831					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
5832				}
5833			}
5834		}
5835
5836#Specific variable tests
5837		while ($line =~ m{($Constant|$Lval)}g) {
5838			my $var = $1;
5839
5840#CamelCase
5841			if ($var !~ /^$Constant$/ &&
5842			    $var =~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/ &&
5843#Ignore some autogenerated defines and enum values
5844			    $var !~ /^(?:[A-Z]+_){1,5}[A-Z]{1,3}[a-z]/ &&
5845#Ignore Page<foo> variants
5846			    $var !~ /^(?:Clear|Set|TestClear|TestSet|)Page[A-Z]/ &&
5847#Ignore ETHTOOL_LINK_MODE_<foo> variants
5848			    $var !~ /^ETHTOOL_LINK_MODE_/ &&
5849#Ignore SI style variants like nS, mV and dB
5850#(ie: max_uV, regulator_min_uA_show, RANGE_mA_VALUE)
5851			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z0-9_]*|[A-Z0-9_]*)?_?[a-z][A-Z](?:_[a-z0-9_]+|_[A-Z0-9_]+)?$/ &&
5852#Ignore some three character SI units explicitly, like MiB and KHz
5853			    $var !~ /^(?:[a-z_]*?)_?(?:[KMGT]iB|[KMGT]?Hz)(?:_[a-z_]+)?$/) {
5854				while ($var =~ m{\b($Ident)}g) {
5855					my $word = $1;
5856					next if ($word !~ /[A-Z][a-z]|[a-z][A-Z]/);
5857					if ($check) {
5858						seed_camelcase_includes();
5859						if (!$file && !$camelcase_file_seeded) {
5860							seed_camelcase_file($realfile);
5861							$camelcase_file_seeded = 1;
5862						}
5863					}
5864					if (!defined $camelcase{$word}) {
5865						$camelcase{$word} = 1;
5866						CHK("CAMELCASE",
5867						    "Avoid CamelCase: <$word>\n" . $herecurr);
5868					}
5869				}
5870			}
5871		}
5872
5873#no spaces allowed after \ in define
5874		if ($line =~ /\#\s*define.*\\\s+$/) {
5875			if (WARN("WHITESPACE_AFTER_LINE_CONTINUATION",
5876				 "Whitespace after \\ makes next lines useless\n" . $herecurr) &&
5877			    $fix) {
5878				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+$//;
5879			}
5880		}
5881
5882# warn if <asm/foo.h> is #included and <linux/foo.h> is available and includes
5883# itself <asm/foo.h> (uses RAW line)
5884		if ($tree && $rawline =~ m{^.\s*\#\s*include\s*\<asm\/(.*)\.h\>}) {
5885			my $file = "$1.h";
5886			my $checkfile = "include/linux/$file";
5887			if (-f "$root/$checkfile" &&
5888			    $realfile ne $checkfile &&
5889			    $1 !~ /$allowed_asm_includes/)
5890			{
5891				my $asminclude = `grep -Ec "#include\\s+<asm/$file>" $root/$checkfile`;
5892				if ($asminclude > 0) {
5893					if ($realfile =~ m{^arch/}) {
5894						CHK("ARCH_INCLUDE_LINUX",
5895						    "Consider using #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5896					} else {
5897						WARN("INCLUDE_LINUX",
5898						     "Use #include <linux/$file> instead of <asm/$file>\n" . $herecurr);
5899					}
5900				}
5901			}
5902		}
5903
5904# multi-statement macros should be enclosed in a do while loop, grab the
5905# first statement and ensure its the whole macro if its not enclosed
5906# in a known good container
5907		if ($realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
5908		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s*$Ident(\()?/) {
5909			my $ln = $linenr;
5910			my $cnt = $realcnt;
5911			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
5912			my $ctx = '';
5913			my $has_flow_statement = 0;
5914			my $has_arg_concat = 0;
5915			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
5916				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
5917			$ctx = $dstat;
5918			#print "dstat<$dstat> dcond<$dcond> cnt<$cnt> off<$off>\n";
5919			#print "LINE<$lines[$ln-1]> len<" . length($lines[$ln-1]) . "\n";
5920
5921			$has_flow_statement = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\b(goto|return)\b/);
5922			$has_arg_concat = 1 if ($ctx =~ /\#\#/ && $ctx !~ /\#\#\s*(?:__VA_ARGS__|args)\b/);
5923
5924			$dstat =~ s/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\([^\)]*\))?\s*//;
5925			my $define_args = $1;
5926			my $define_stmt = $dstat;
5927			my @def_args = ();
5928
5929			if (defined $define_args && $define_args ne "") {
5930				$define_args = substr($define_args, 1, length($define_args) - 2);
5931				$define_args =~ s/\s*//g;
5932				$define_args =~ s/\\\+?//g;
5933				@def_args = split(",", $define_args);
5934			}
5935
5936			$dstat =~ s/$;//g;
5937			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
5938			$dstat =~ s/^\s*//s;
5939			$dstat =~ s/\s*$//s;
5940
5941			# Flatten any parentheses and braces
5942			while ($dstat =~ s/\([^\(\)]*\)/1u/ ||
5943			       $dstat =~ s/\{[^\{\}]*\}/1u/ ||
5944			       $dstat =~ s/.\[[^\[\]]*\]/1u/)
5945			{
5946			}
5947
5948			# Flatten any obvious string concatenation.
5949			while ($dstat =~ s/($String)\s*$Ident/$1/ ||
5950			       $dstat =~ s/$Ident\s*($String)/$1/)
5951			{
5952			}
5953
5954			# Make asm volatile uses seem like a generic function
5955			$dstat =~ s/\b_*asm_*\s+_*volatile_*\b/asm_volatile/g;
5956
5957			my $exceptions = qr{
5958				$Declare|
5959				module_param_named|
5960				MODULE_PARM_DESC|
5961				DECLARE_PER_CPU|
5962				DEFINE_PER_CPU|
5963				__typeof__\(|
5964				union|
5965				struct|
5966				\.$Ident\s*=\s*|
5967				^\"|\"$|
5968				^\[
5969			}x;
5970			#print "REST<$rest> dstat<$dstat> ctx<$ctx>\n";
5971
5972			$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
5973			my $stmt_cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
5974			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $stmt_cnt, $here);
5975
5976			if ($dstat ne '' &&
5977			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant),$/ &&			# 10, // foo(),
5978			    $dstat !~ /^(?:$Ident|-?$Constant);$/ &&			# foo();
5979			    $dstat !~ /^[!~-]?(?:$Lval|$Constant)$/ &&		# 10 // foo() // !foo // ~foo // -foo // foo->bar // foo.bar->baz
5980			    $dstat !~ /^'X'$/ && $dstat !~ /^'XX'$/ &&			# character constants
5981			    $dstat !~ /$exceptions/ &&
5982			    $dstat !~ /^\.$Ident\s*=/ &&				# .foo =
5983			    $dstat !~ /^(?:\#\s*$Ident|\#\s*$Constant)\s*$/ &&		# stringification #foo
5984			    $dstat !~ /^case\b/ &&					# case ...
5985			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*$Constant\s*while\s*$Constant;?$/ &&	# do {...} while (...); // do {...} while (...)
5986			    $dstat !~ /^while\s*$Constant\s*$Constant\s*$/ &&		# while (...) {...}
5987			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant$/ &&				# for (...)
5988			    $dstat !~ /^for\s*$Constant\s+(?:$Ident|-?$Constant)$/ &&	# for (...) bar()
5989			    $dstat !~ /^do\s*{/ &&					# do {...
5990			    $dstat !~ /^\(\{/ &&						# ({...
5991			    $ctx !~ /^.\s*#\s*define\s+TRACE_(?:SYSTEM|INCLUDE_FILE|INCLUDE_PATH)\b/)
5992			{
5993				if ($dstat =~ /^\s*if\b/) {
5994					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5995					      "Macros starting with if should be enclosed by a do - while loop to avoid possible if/else logic defects\n" . "$herectx");
5996				} elsif ($dstat =~ /;/) {
5997					ERROR("MULTISTATEMENT_MACRO_USE_DO_WHILE",
5998					      "Macros with multiple statements should be enclosed in a do - while loop\n" . "$herectx");
5999				} else {
6000					ERROR("COMPLEX_MACRO",
6001					      "Macros with complex values should be enclosed in parentheses\n" . "$herectx");
6002				}
6003
6004			}
6005
6006			# Make $define_stmt single line, comment-free, etc
6007			my @stmt_array = split('\n', $define_stmt);
6008			my $first = 1;
6009			$define_stmt = "";
6010			foreach my $l (@stmt_array) {
6011				$l =~ s/\\$//;
6012				if ($first) {
6013					$define_stmt = $l;
6014					$first = 0;
6015				} elsif ($l =~ /^[\+ ]/) {
6016					$define_stmt .= substr($l, 1);
6017				}
6018			}
6019			$define_stmt =~ s/$;//g;
6020			$define_stmt =~ s/\s+/ /g;
6021			$define_stmt = trim($define_stmt);
6022
6023# check if any macro arguments are reused (ignore '...' and 'type')
6024			foreach my $arg (@def_args) {
6025			        next if ($arg =~ /\.\.\./);
6026			        next if ($arg =~ /^type$/i);
6027				my $tmp_stmt = $define_stmt;
6028				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b(__must_be_array|offsetof|sizeof|sizeof_field|__stringify|typeof|__typeof__|__builtin\w+|typecheck\s*\(\s*$Type\s*,|\#+)\s*\(*\s*$arg\s*\)*\b//g;
6029				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\#+\s*$arg\b//g;
6030				$tmp_stmt =~ s/\b$arg\s*\#\#//g;
6031				my $use_cnt = () = $tmp_stmt =~ /\b$arg\b/g;
6032				if ($use_cnt > 1) {
6033					CHK("MACRO_ARG_REUSE",
6034					    "Macro argument reuse '$arg' - possible side-effects?\n" . "$herectx");
6035				    }
6036# check if any macro arguments may have other precedence issues
6037				if ($tmp_stmt =~ m/($Operators)?\s*\b$arg\b\s*($Operators)?/m &&
6038				    ((defined($1) && $1 ne ',') ||
6039				     (defined($2) && $2 ne ','))) {
6040					CHK("MACRO_ARG_PRECEDENCE",
6041					    "Macro argument '$arg' may be better as '($arg)' to avoid precedence issues\n" . "$herectx");
6042				}
6043			}
6044
6045# check for macros with flow control, but without ## concatenation
6046# ## concatenation is commonly a macro that defines a function so ignore those
6047			if ($has_flow_statement && !$has_arg_concat) {
6048				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6049				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6050
6051				WARN("MACRO_WITH_FLOW_CONTROL",
6052				     "Macros with flow control statements should be avoided\n" . "$herectx");
6053			}
6054
6055# check for line continuations outside of #defines, preprocessor #, and asm
6056
6057		} elsif ($realfile =~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@) {
6058		    $line =~ s/(\w+)/$maybe_linker_symbol{$1}++/ge;
6059		    #print "REAL: $realfile\nln: $line\nkeys:", sort keys %maybe_linker_symbol;
6060		} else {
6061			if ($prevline !~ /^..*\\$/ &&
6062			    $line !~ /^\+\s*\#.*\\$/ &&		# preprocessor
6063			    $line !~ /^\+.*\b(__asm__|asm)\b.*\\$/ &&	# asm
6064			    $line =~ /^\+.*\\$/) {
6065				WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6066				     "Avoid unnecessary line continuations\n" . $herecurr);
6067			}
6068		}
6069
6070# do {} while (0) macro tests:
6071# single-statement macros do not need to be enclosed in do while (0) loop,
6072# macro should not end with a semicolon
6073		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6074		    $realfile !~ m@/vmlinux.lds.h$@ &&
6075		    $line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*define\s+$Ident(\()?/) {
6076			my $ln = $linenr;
6077			my $cnt = $realcnt;
6078			my ($off, $dstat, $dcond, $rest);
6079			my $ctx = '';
6080			($dstat, $dcond, $ln, $cnt, $off) =
6081				ctx_statement_block($linenr, $realcnt, 0);
6082			$ctx = $dstat;
6083
6084			$dstat =~ s/\\\n.//g;
6085			$dstat =~ s/$;/ /g;
6086
6087			if ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident\s*${balanced_parens}\s*do\s*{(.*)\s*}\s*while\s*\(\s*0\s*\)\s*([;\s]*)\s*$/) {
6088				my $stmts = $2;
6089				my $semis = $3;
6090
6091				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6092				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6093				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6094
6095				if (($stmts =~ tr/;/;/) == 1 &&
6096				    $stmts !~ /^\s*(if|while|for|switch)\b/) {
6097					WARN("SINGLE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE_MACRO",
6098					     "Single statement macros should not use a do {} while (0) loop\n" . "$herectx");
6099				}
6100				if (defined $semis && $semis ne "") {
6101					WARN("DO_WHILE_MACRO_WITH_TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6102					     "do {} while (0) macros should not be semicolon terminated\n" . "$herectx");
6103				}
6104			} elsif ($dstat =~ /^\+\s*#\s*define\s+$Ident.*;\s*$/) {
6105				$ctx =~ s/\n*$//;
6106				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($ctx);
6107				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6108
6109				WARN("TRAILING_SEMICOLON",
6110				     "macros should not use a trailing semicolon\n" . "$herectx");
6111			}
6112		}
6113
6114# check for redundant bracing round if etc
6115		if ($line =~ /(^.*)\bif\b/ && $1 !~ /else\s*$/) {
6116			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6117				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, 1);
6118			#print "chunks<$#chunks> linenr<$linenr> endln<$endln> level<$level>\n";
6119			#print "APW: <<$chunks[1][0]>><<$chunks[1][1]>>\n";
6120			if ($#chunks > 0 && $level == 0) {
6121				my @allowed = ();
6122				my $allow = 0;
6123				my $seen = 0;
6124				my $herectx = $here . "\n";
6125				my $ln = $linenr - 1;
6126				for my $chunk (@chunks) {
6127					my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunk};
6128
6129					# If the condition carries leading newlines, then count those as offsets.
6130					my ($whitespace) = ($cond =~ /^((?:\s*\n[+-])*\s*)/s);
6131					my $offset = statement_rawlines($whitespace) - 1;
6132
6133					$allowed[$allow] = 0;
6134					#print "COND<$cond> whitespace<$whitespace> offset<$offset>\n";
6135
6136					# We have looked at and allowed this specific line.
6137					$suppress_ifbraces{$ln + $offset} = 1;
6138
6139					$herectx .= "$rawlines[$ln + $offset]\n[...]\n";
6140					$ln += statement_rawlines($block) - 1;
6141
6142					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6143
6144					$seen++ if ($block =~ /^\s*{/);
6145
6146					#print "cond<$cond> block<$block> allowed<$allowed[$allow]>\n";
6147					if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6148						#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6149						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6150					}
6151					if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6152						#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6153						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6154					}
6155					if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6156						#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6157						$allowed[$allow] = 1;
6158					}
6159					$allow++;
6160				}
6161				if ($seen) {
6162					my $sum_allowed = 0;
6163					foreach (@allowed) {
6164						$sum_allowed += $_;
6165					}
6166					if ($sum_allowed == 0) {
6167						WARN("BRACES",
6168						     "braces {} are not necessary for any arm of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6169					} elsif ($sum_allowed != $allow &&
6170						 $seen != $allow) {
6171						CHK("BRACES",
6172						    "braces {} should be used on all arms of this statement\n" . $herectx);
6173					}
6174				}
6175			}
6176		}
6177		if (!defined $suppress_ifbraces{$linenr - 1} &&
6178					$line =~ /\b(if|while|for|else)\b/) {
6179			my $allowed = 0;
6180
6181			# Check the pre-context.
6182			if (substr($line, 0, $-[0]) =~ /(\}\s*)$/) {
6183				#print "APW: ALLOWED: pre<$1>\n";
6184				$allowed = 1;
6185			}
6186
6187			my ($level, $endln, @chunks) =
6188				ctx_statement_full($linenr, $realcnt, $-[0]);
6189
6190			# Check the condition.
6191			my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[0]};
6192			#print "CHECKING<$linenr> cond<$cond> block<$block>\n";
6193			if (defined $cond) {
6194				substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6195			}
6196			if (statement_lines($cond) > 1) {
6197				#print "APW: ALLOWED: cond<$cond>\n";
6198				$allowed = 1;
6199			}
6200			if ($block =~/\b(?:if|for|while)\b/) {
6201				#print "APW: ALLOWED: block<$block>\n";
6202				$allowed = 1;
6203			}
6204			if (statement_block_size($block) > 1) {
6205				#print "APW: ALLOWED: lines block<$block>\n";
6206				$allowed = 1;
6207			}
6208			# Check the post-context.
6209			if (defined $chunks[1]) {
6210				my ($cond, $block) = @{$chunks[1]};
6211				if (defined $cond) {
6212					substr($block, 0, length($cond), '');
6213				}
6214				if ($block =~ /^\s*\{/) {
6215					#print "APW: ALLOWED: chunk-1 block<$block>\n";
6216					$allowed = 1;
6217				}
6218			}
6219			if ($level == 0 && $block =~ /^\s*\{/ && !$allowed) {
6220				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($block);
6221				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
6222
6223				WARN("BRACES",
6224				     "braces {} are not necessary for single statement blocks\n" . $herectx);
6225			}
6226		}
6227
6228# check for single line unbalanced braces
6229		if ($sline =~ /^.\s*\}\s*else\s*$/ ||
6230		    $sline =~ /^.\s*else\s*\{\s*$/) {
6231			CHK("BRACES", "Unbalanced braces around else statement\n" . $herecurr);
6232		}
6233
6234# check for unnecessary blank lines around braces
6235		if (($line =~ /^.\s*}\s*$/ && $prevrawline =~ /^.\s*$/)) {
6236			if (CHK("BRACES",
6237				"Blank lines aren't necessary before a close brace '}'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6238			    $fix && $prevrawline =~ /^\+/) {
6239				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6240			}
6241		}
6242		if (($rawline =~ /^.\s*$/ && $prevline =~ /^..*{\s*$/)) {
6243			if (CHK("BRACES",
6244				"Blank lines aren't necessary after an open brace '{'\n" . $hereprev) &&
6245			    $fix) {
6246				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6247			}
6248		}
6249
6250# no volatiles please
6251		my $asm_volatile = qr{\b(__asm__|asm)\s+(__volatile__|volatile)\b};
6252		if ($line =~ /\bvolatile\b/ && $line !~ /$asm_volatile/) {
6253			WARN("VOLATILE",
6254			     "Use of volatile is usually wrong: see Documentation/process/volatile-considered-harmful.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6255		}
6256
6257# Check for user-visible strings broken across lines, which breaks the ability
6258# to grep for the string.  Make exceptions when the previous string ends in a
6259# newline (multiple lines in one string constant) or '\t', '\r', ';', or '{'
6260# (common in inline assembly) or is a octal \123 or hexadecimal \xaf value
6261		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*$String/ &&
6262		    $prevline =~ /"\s*$/ &&
6263		    $prevrawline !~ /(?:\\(?:[ntr]|[0-7]{1,3}|x[0-9a-fA-F]{1,2})|;\s*|\{\s*)"\s*$/) {
6264			if (WARN("SPLIT_STRING",
6265				 "quoted string split across lines\n" . $hereprev) &&
6266				     $fix &&
6267				     $prevrawline =~ /^\+.*"\s*$/ &&
6268				     $last_coalesced_string_linenr != $linenr - 1) {
6269				my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6270				my $comma_close = "";
6271				if ($rawline =~ /\Q$extracted_string\E(\s*\)\s*;\s*$|\s*,\s*)/) {
6272					$comma_close = $1;
6273				}
6274
6275				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6276				fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6277				my $fixedline = $prevrawline;
6278				$fixedline =~ s/"\s*$//;
6279				$fixedline .= substr($extracted_string, 1) . trim($comma_close);
6280				fix_insert_line($fixlinenr - 1, $fixedline);
6281				$fixedline = $rawline;
6282				$fixedline =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\Q$comma_close\E//;
6283				if ($fixedline !~ /\+\s*$/) {
6284					fix_insert_line($fixlinenr, $fixedline);
6285				}
6286				$last_coalesced_string_linenr = $linenr;
6287			}
6288		}
6289
6290# check for missing a space in a string concatenation
6291		if ($prevrawline =~ /[^\\]\w"$/ && $rawline =~ /^\+[\t ]+"\w/) {
6292			WARN('MISSING_SPACE',
6293			     "break quoted strings at a space character\n" . $hereprev);
6294		}
6295
6296# check for an embedded function name in a string when the function is known
6297# This does not work very well for -f --file checking as it depends on patch
6298# context providing the function name or a single line form for in-file
6299# function declarations
6300		if ($line =~ /^\+.*$String/ &&
6301		    defined($context_function) &&
6302		    get_quoted_string($line, $rawline) =~ /\b$context_function\b/ &&
6303		    length(get_quoted_string($line, $rawline)) != (length($context_function) + 2)) {
6304			WARN("EMBEDDED_FUNCTION_NAME",
6305			     "Prefer using '\"%s...\", __func__' to using '$context_function', this function's name, in a string\n" . $herecurr);
6306		}
6307
6308# check for unnecessary function tracing like uses
6309# This does not use $logFunctions because there are many instances like
6310# 'dprintk(FOO, "%s()\n", __func__);' which do not match $logFunctions
6311		if ($rawline =~ /^\+.*\([^"]*"$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}%s(?:\s*\(\s*\)\s*)?$tracing_logging_tags{0,3}(?:\\n)?"\s*,\s*__func__\s*\)\s*;/) {
6312			if (WARN("TRACING_LOGGING",
6313				 "Unnecessary ftrace-like logging - prefer using ftrace\n" . $herecurr) &&
6314			    $fix) {
6315                                fix_delete_line($fixlinenr, $rawline);
6316			}
6317		}
6318
6319# check for spaces before a quoted newline
6320		if ($rawline =~ /^.*\".*\s\\n/) {
6321			if (WARN("QUOTED_WHITESPACE_BEFORE_NEWLINE",
6322				 "unnecessary whitespace before a quoted newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
6323			    $fix) {
6324				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^(\+.*\".*)\s+\\n/$1\\n/;
6325			}
6326
6327		}
6328
6329# concatenated string without spaces between elements
6330		if ($line =~ /$String[A-Z_]/ ||
6331		    ($line =~ /([A-Za-z0-9_]+)$String/ && $1 !~ /^[Lu]$/)) {
6332			if (CHK("CONCATENATED_STRING",
6333				"Concatenated strings should use spaces between elements\n" . $herecurr) &&
6334			    $fix) {
6335				while ($line =~ /($String)/g) {
6336					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6337					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E([A-Za-z0-9_])/$extracted_string $1/;
6338					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/([A-Za-z0-9_])\Q$extracted_string\E/$1 $extracted_string/;
6339				}
6340			}
6341		}
6342
6343# uncoalesced string fragments
6344		if ($line =~ /$String\s*[Lu]?"/) {
6345			if (WARN("STRING_FRAGMENTS",
6346				 "Consecutive strings are generally better as a single string\n" . $herecurr) &&
6347			    $fix) {
6348				while ($line =~ /($String)(?=\s*")/g) {
6349					my $extracted_string = substr($rawline, $-[0], $+[0] - $-[0]);
6350					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$extracted_string\E\s*"/substr($extracted_string, 0, -1)/e;
6351				}
6352			}
6353		}
6354
6355# check for non-standard and hex prefixed decimal printf formats
6356		my $show_L = 1;	#don't show the same defect twice
6357		my $show_Z = 1;
6358		while ($line =~ /(?:^|")([X\t]*)(?:"|$)/g) {
6359			my $string = substr($rawline, $-[1], $+[1] - $-[1]);
6360			$string =~ s/%%/__/g;
6361			# check for %L
6362			if ($show_L && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*L([diouxX])/) {
6363				WARN("PRINTF_L",
6364				     "\%L$1 is non-standard C, use %ll$1\n" . $herecurr);
6365				$show_L = 0;
6366			}
6367			# check for %Z
6368			if ($show_Z && $string =~ /%[\*\d\.\$]*Z([diouxX])/) {
6369				WARN("PRINTF_Z",
6370				     "%Z$1 is non-standard C, use %z$1\n" . $herecurr);
6371				$show_Z = 0;
6372			}
6373			# check for 0x<decimal>
6374			if ($string =~ /0x%[\*\d\.\$\Llzth]*[diou]/) {
6375				ERROR("PRINTF_0XDECIMAL",
6376				      "Prefixing 0x with decimal output is defective\n" . $herecurr);
6377			}
6378		}
6379
6380# check for line continuations in quoted strings with odd counts of "
6381		if ($rawline =~ /\\$/ && $sline =~ tr/"/"/ % 2) {
6382			WARN("LINE_CONTINUATIONS",
6383			     "Avoid line continuations in quoted strings\n" . $herecurr);
6384		}
6385
6386# warn about #if 0
6387		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+0\b/) {
6388			WARN("IF_0",
6389			     "Consider removing the code enclosed by this #if 0 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6390		}
6391
6392# warn about #if 1
6393		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if\s+1\b/) {
6394			WARN("IF_1",
6395			     "Consider removing the #if 1 and its #endif\n" . $herecurr);
6396		}
6397
6398# check for needless "if (<foo>) fn(<foo>)" uses
6399		if ($prevline =~ /\bif\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*\)/) {
6400			my $tested = quotemeta($1);
6401			my $expr = '\s*\(\s*' . $tested . '\s*\)\s*;';
6402			if ($line =~ /\b(kfree|usb_free_urb|debugfs_remove(?:_recursive)?|(?:kmem_cache|mempool|dma_pool)_destroy)$expr/) {
6403				my $func = $1;
6404				if (WARN('NEEDLESS_IF',
6405					 "$func(NULL) is safe and this check is probably not required\n" . $hereprev) &&
6406				    $fix) {
6407					my $do_fix = 1;
6408					my $leading_tabs = "";
6409					my $new_leading_tabs = "";
6410					if ($lines[$linenr - 2] =~ /^\+(\t*)if\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*$/) {
6411						$leading_tabs = $1;
6412					} else {
6413						$do_fix = 0;
6414					}
6415					if ($lines[$linenr - 1] =~ /^\+(\t+)$func\s*\(\s*$tested\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6416						$new_leading_tabs = $1;
6417						if (length($leading_tabs) + 1 ne length($new_leading_tabs)) {
6418							$do_fix = 0;
6419						}
6420					} else {
6421						$do_fix = 0;
6422					}
6423					if ($do_fix) {
6424						fix_delete_line($fixlinenr - 1, $prevrawline);
6425						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/^\+$new_leading_tabs/\+$leading_tabs/;
6426					}
6427				}
6428			}
6429		}
6430
6431# check for unnecessary "Out of Memory" messages
6432		if ($line =~ /^\+.*\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6433		    $prevline =~ /^[ \+]\s*if\s*\(\s*(\!\s*|NULL\s*==\s*)?($Lval)(\s*==\s*NULL\s*)?\s*\)/ &&
6434		    (defined $1 || defined $3) &&
6435		    $linenr > 3) {
6436			my $testval = $2;
6437			my $testline = $lines[$linenr - 3];
6438
6439			my ($s, $c) = ctx_statement_block($linenr - 3, $realcnt, 0);
6440#			print("line: <$line>\nprevline: <$prevline>\ns: <$s>\nc: <$c>\n\n\n");
6441
6442			if ($s =~ /(?:^|\n)[ \+]\s*(?:$Type\s*)?\Q$testval\E\s*=\s*(?:\([^\)]*\)\s*)?\s*$allocFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6443			    $s !~ /\b__GFP_NOWARN\b/ ) {
6444				WARN("OOM_MESSAGE",
6445				     "Possible unnecessary 'out of memory' message\n" . $hereprev);
6446			}
6447		}
6448
6449# check for logging functions with KERN_<LEVEL>
6450		if ($line !~ /printk(?:_ratelimited|_once)?\s*\(/ &&
6451		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(.*\b(KERN_[A-Z]+)\b/) {
6452			my $level = $1;
6453			if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_KERN_LEVEL",
6454				 "Possible unnecessary $level\n" . $herecurr) &&
6455			    $fix) {
6456				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s*$level\s*//;
6457			}
6458		}
6459
6460# check for logging continuations
6461		if ($line =~ /\bprintk\s*\(\s*KERN_CONT\b|\bpr_cont\s*\(/) {
6462			WARN("LOGGING_CONTINUATION",
6463			     "Avoid logging continuation uses where feasible\n" . $herecurr);
6464		}
6465
6466# check for unnecessary use of %h[xudi] and %hh[xudi] in logging functions
6467		if (defined $stat &&
6468		    $line =~ /\b$logFunctions\s*\(/ &&
6469		    index($stat, '"') >= 0) {
6470			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6471			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6472			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6473			pos($stat_real) = index($stat_real, '"');
6474			while ($stat_real =~ /[^\"%]*(%[\#\d\.\*\-]*(h+)[idux])/g) {
6475				my $pspec = $1;
6476				my $h = $2;
6477				my $lineoff = substr($stat_real, 0, $-[1]) =~ tr@\n@@;
6478				if (WARN("UNNECESSARY_MODIFIER",
6479					 "Integer promotion: Using '$h' in '$pspec' is unnecessary\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n") &&
6480				    $fix && $fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ /^\+/) {
6481					my $nspec = $pspec;
6482					$nspec =~ s/h//g;
6483					$fixed[$fixlinenr + $lineoff] =~ s/\Q$pspec\E/$nspec/;
6484				}
6485			}
6486		}
6487
6488# check for mask then right shift without a parentheses
6489		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6490		    $line =~ /$LvalOrFunc\s*\&\s*($LvalOrFunc)\s*>>/ &&
6491		    $4 !~ /^\&/) { # $LvalOrFunc may be &foo, ignore if so
6492			WARN("MASK_THEN_SHIFT",
6493			     "Possible precedence defect with mask then right shift - may need parentheses\n" . $herecurr);
6494		}
6495
6496# check for pointer comparisons to NULL
6497		if ($perl_version_ok) {
6498			while ($line =~ /\b$LvalOrFunc\s*(==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/g) {
6499				my $val = $1;
6500				my $equal = "!";
6501				$equal = "" if ($4 eq "!=");
6502				if (CHK("COMPARISON_TO_NULL",
6503					"Comparison to NULL could be written \"${equal}${val}\"\n" . $herecurr) &&
6504					    $fix) {
6505					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b\Q$val\E\s*(?:==|\!=)\s*NULL\b/$equal$val/;
6506				}
6507			}
6508		}
6509
6510# check for bad placement of section $InitAttribute (e.g.: __initdata)
6511		if ($line =~ /(\b$InitAttribute\b)/) {
6512			my $attr = $1;
6513			if ($line =~ /^\+\s*static\s+(?:const\s+)?(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*[=;]/) {
6514				my $ptr = $1;
6515				my $var = $2;
6516				if ((($ptr =~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6517				      ERROR("MISPLACED_INIT",
6518					    "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr)) ||
6519				     ($ptr !~ /\b(union|struct)\s+$attr\b/ &&
6520				      WARN("MISPLACED_INIT",
6521					   "$attr should be placed after $var\n" . $herecurr))) &&
6522				    $fix) {
6523					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\bstatic\s+(?:const\s+)?)(?:$attr\s+)?($NonptrTypeWithAttr)\s+(?:$attr\s+)?($Ident(?:\[[^]]*\])?)\s*([=;])\s*/"$1" . trim(string_find_replace($2, "\\s*$attr\\s*", " ")) . " " . trim(string_find_replace($3, "\\s*$attr\\s*", "")) . " $attr" . ("$4" eq ";" ? ";" : " = ")/e;
6524				}
6525			}
6526		}
6527
6528# check for $InitAttributeData (ie: __initdata) with const
6529		if ($line =~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeData)/) {
6530			my $attr = $1;
6531			$attr =~ /($InitAttributePrefix)(.*)/;
6532			my $attr_prefix = $1;
6533			my $attr_type = $2;
6534			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6535				  "Use of const init definition must use ${attr_prefix}initconst\n" . $herecurr) &&
6536			    $fix) {
6537				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6538				    s/$InitAttributeData/${attr_prefix}initconst/;
6539			}
6540		}
6541
6542# check for $InitAttributeConst (ie: __initconst) without const
6543		if ($line !~ /\bconst\b/ && $line =~ /($InitAttributeConst)/) {
6544			my $attr = $1;
6545			if (ERROR("INIT_ATTRIBUTE",
6546				  "Use of $attr requires a separate use of const\n" . $herecurr) &&
6547			    $fix) {
6548				my $lead = $fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6549				    /(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/;
6550				$lead = rtrim($1);
6551				$lead = "$lead " if ($lead !~ /^\+$/);
6552				$lead = "${lead}const ";
6553				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(^\+\s*(?:static\s+))/$lead/;
6554			}
6555		}
6556
6557# check for __read_mostly with const non-pointer (should just be const)
6558		if ($line =~ /\b__read_mostly\b/ &&
6559		    $line =~ /($Type)\s*$Ident/ && $1 !~ /\*\s*$/ && $1 =~ /\bconst\b/) {
6560			if (ERROR("CONST_READ_MOSTLY",
6561				  "Invalid use of __read_mostly with const type\n" . $herecurr) &&
6562			    $fix) {
6563				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\s+__read_mostly\b//;
6564			}
6565		}
6566
6567# don't use __constant_<foo> functions outside of include/uapi/
6568		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
6569		    $line =~ /(__constant_(?:htons|ntohs|[bl]e(?:16|32|64)_to_cpu|cpu_to_[bl]e(?:16|32|64)))\s*\(/) {
6570			my $constant_func = $1;
6571			my $func = $constant_func;
6572			$func =~ s/^__constant_//;
6573			if (WARN("CONSTANT_CONVERSION",
6574				 "$constant_func should be $func\n" . $herecurr) &&
6575			    $fix) {
6576				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$constant_func\b/$func/g;
6577			}
6578		}
6579
6580# prefer usleep_range over udelay
6581		if ($line =~ /\budelay\s*\(\s*(\d+)\s*\)/) {
6582			my $delay = $1;
6583			# ignore udelay's < 10, however
6584			if (! ($delay < 10) ) {
6585				CHK("USLEEP_RANGE",
6586				    "usleep_range is preferred over udelay; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6587			}
6588			if ($delay > 2000) {
6589				WARN("LONG_UDELAY",
6590				     "long udelay - prefer mdelay; see arch/arm/include/asm/delay.h\n" . $herecurr);
6591			}
6592		}
6593
6594# warn about unexpectedly long msleep's
6595		if ($line =~ /\bmsleep\s*\((\d+)\);/) {
6596			if ($1 < 20) {
6597				WARN("MSLEEP",
6598				     "msleep < 20ms can sleep for up to 20ms; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . $herecurr);
6599			}
6600		}
6601
6602# check for comparisons of jiffies
6603		if ($line =~ /\bjiffies\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*jiffies\b/) {
6604			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6605			     "Comparing jiffies is almost always wrong; prefer time_after, time_before and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6606		}
6607
6608# check for comparisons of get_jiffies_64()
6609		if ($line =~ /\bget_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)\s*$Compare|$Compare\s*get_jiffies_64\s*\(\s*\)/) {
6610			WARN("JIFFIES_COMPARISON",
6611			     "Comparing get_jiffies_64() is almost always wrong; prefer time_after64, time_before64 and friends\n" . $herecurr);
6612		}
6613
6614# warn about #ifdefs in C files
6615#		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*if(|n)def/ && ($realfile =~ /\.c$/)) {
6616#			print "#ifdef in C files should be avoided\n";
6617#			print "$herecurr";
6618#			$clean = 0;
6619#		}
6620
6621# warn about spacing in #ifdefs
6622		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif)\s\s+/) {
6623			if (ERROR("SPACING",
6624				  "exactly one space required after that #$1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6625			    $fix) {
6626				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~
6627				    s/^(.\s*\#\s*(ifdef|ifndef|elif))\s{2,}/$1 /;
6628			}
6629
6630		}
6631
6632# check for spinlock_t definitions without a comment.
6633		if ($line =~ /^.\s*(struct\s+mutex|spinlock_t)\s+\S+;/ ||
6634		    $line =~ /^.\s*(DEFINE_MUTEX)\s*\(/) {
6635			my $which = $1;
6636			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6637				CHK("UNCOMMENTED_DEFINITION",
6638				    "$1 definition without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6639			}
6640		}
6641# check for memory barriers without a comment.
6642
6643		my $barriers = qr{
6644			mb|
6645			rmb|
6646			wmb
6647		}x;
6648		my $barrier_stems = qr{
6649			mb__before_atomic|
6650			mb__after_atomic|
6651			store_release|
6652			load_acquire|
6653			store_mb|
6654			(?:$barriers)
6655		}x;
6656		my $all_barriers = qr{
6657			(?:$barriers)|
6658			smp_(?:$barrier_stems)|
6659			virt_(?:$barrier_stems)
6660		}x;
6661
6662		if ($line =~ /\b(?:$all_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6663			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6664				WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6665				     "memory barrier without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6666			}
6667		}
6668
6669		my $underscore_smp_barriers = qr{__smp_(?:$barrier_stems)}x;
6670
6671		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/asm-generic/@ &&
6672		    $realfile !~ m@/barrier\.h$@ &&
6673		    $line =~ m/\b(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/ &&
6674		    $line !~ m/^.\s*\#\s*define\s+(?:$underscore_smp_barriers)\s*\(/) {
6675			WARN("MEMORY_BARRIER",
6676			     "__smp memory barriers shouldn't be used outside barrier.h and asm-generic\n" . $herecurr);
6677		}
6678
6679# check for waitqueue_active without a comment.
6680		if ($line =~ /\bwaitqueue_active\s*\(/) {
6681			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6682				WARN("WAITQUEUE_ACTIVE",
6683				     "waitqueue_active without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6684			}
6685		}
6686
6687# check for data_race without a comment.
6688		if ($line =~ /\bdata_race\s*\(/) {
6689			if (!ctx_has_comment($first_line, $linenr)) {
6690				WARN("DATA_RACE",
6691				     "data_race without comment\n" . $herecurr);
6692			}
6693		}
6694
6695# check of hardware specific defines
6696		if ($line =~ m@^.\s*\#\s*if.*\b(__i386__|__powerpc64__|__sun__|__s390x__)\b@ && $realfile !~ m@include/asm-@) {
6697			CHK("ARCH_DEFINES",
6698			    "architecture specific defines should be avoided\n" .  $herecurr);
6699		}
6700
6701# check that the storage class is not after a type
6702		if ($line =~ /\b($Type)\s+($Storage)\b/) {
6703			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6704			     "storage class '$2' should be located before type '$1'\n" . $herecurr);
6705		}
6706# Check that the storage class is at the beginning of a declaration
6707		if ($line =~ /\b$Storage\b/ &&
6708		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Storage/ &&
6709		    $line =~ /^.\s*(.+?)\$Storage\s/ &&
6710		    $1 !~ /[\,\)]\s*$/) {
6711			WARN("STORAGE_CLASS",
6712			     "storage class should be at the beginning of the declaration\n" . $herecurr);
6713		}
6714
6715# check the location of the inline attribute, that it is between
6716# storage class and type.
6717		if ($line =~ /\b$Type\s+$Inline\b/ ||
6718		    $line =~ /\b$Inline\s+$Storage\b/) {
6719			ERROR("INLINE_LOCATION",
6720			      "inline keyword should sit between storage class and type\n" . $herecurr);
6721		}
6722
6723# Check for __inline__ and __inline, prefer inline
6724		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6725		    $line =~ /\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/) {
6726			if (WARN("INLINE",
6727				 "plain inline is preferred over $1\n" . $herecurr) &&
6728			    $fix) {
6729				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b(__inline__|__inline)\b/inline/;
6730
6731			}
6732		}
6733
6734# Check for compiler attributes
6735		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6736		    $rawline =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*($balanced_parens)\s*\)/) {
6737			my $attr = $1;
6738			$attr =~ s/\s*\(\s*(.*)\)\s*/$1/;
6739
6740			my %attr_list = (
6741				"alias"				=> "__alias",
6742				"aligned"			=> "__aligned",
6743				"always_inline"			=> "__always_inline",
6744				"assume_aligned"		=> "__assume_aligned",
6745				"cold"				=> "__cold",
6746				"const"				=> "__attribute_const__",
6747				"copy"				=> "__copy",
6748				"designated_init"		=> "__designated_init",
6749				"externally_visible"		=> "__visible",
6750				"format"			=> "printf|scanf",
6751				"gnu_inline"			=> "__gnu_inline",
6752				"malloc"			=> "__malloc",
6753				"mode"				=> "__mode",
6754				"no_caller_saved_registers"	=> "__no_caller_saved_registers",
6755				"noclone"			=> "__noclone",
6756				"noinline"			=> "noinline",
6757				"nonstring"			=> "__nonstring",
6758				"noreturn"			=> "__noreturn",
6759				"packed"			=> "__packed",
6760				"pure"				=> "__pure",
6761				"section"			=> "__section",
6762				"used"				=> "__used",
6763				"weak"				=> "__weak"
6764			);
6765
6766			while ($attr =~ /\s*(\w+)\s*(${balanced_parens})?/g) {
6767				my $orig_attr = $1;
6768				my $params = '';
6769				$params = $2 if defined($2);
6770				my $curr_attr = $orig_attr;
6771				$curr_attr =~ s/^[\s_]+|[\s_]+$//g;
6772				if (exists($attr_list{$curr_attr})) {
6773					my $new = $attr_list{$curr_attr};
6774					if ($curr_attr eq "format" && $params) {
6775						$params =~ /^\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(.*)/;
6776						$new = "__$1\($2";
6777					} else {
6778						$new = "$new$params";
6779					}
6780					if (WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6781						 "Prefer $new over __attribute__(($orig_attr$params))\n" . $herecurr) &&
6782					    $fix) {
6783						my $remove = "\Q$orig_attr\E" . '\s*' . "\Q$params\E" . '(?:\s*,\s*)?';
6784						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/$remove//;
6785						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__attribute__/$new __attribute__/;
6786						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\}\Q$new\E/} $new/;
6787						$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/ __attribute__\s*\(\s*\(\s*\)\s*\)//;
6788					}
6789				}
6790			}
6791
6792			# Check for __attribute__ unused, prefer __always_unused or __maybe_unused
6793			if ($attr =~ /^_*unused/) {
6794				WARN("PREFER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE_MACRO",
6795				     "__always_unused or __maybe_unused is preferred over __attribute__((__unused__))\n" . $herecurr);
6796			}
6797		}
6798
6799# Check for __attribute__ weak, or __weak declarations (may have link issues)
6800		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6801		    $line =~ /(?:$Declare|$DeclareMisordered)\s*$Ident\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Attribute)?\s*;/ &&
6802		    ($line =~ /\b__attribute__\s*\(\s*\(.*\bweak\b/ ||
6803		     $line =~ /\b__weak\b/)) {
6804			ERROR("WEAK_DECLARATION",
6805			      "Using weak declarations can have unintended link defects\n" . $herecurr);
6806		}
6807
6808# check for c99 types like uint8_t used outside of uapi/ and tools/
6809		if ($realfile !~ m@\binclude/uapi/@ &&
6810		    $realfile !~ m@\btools/@ &&
6811		    $line =~ /\b($Declare)\s*$Ident\s*[=;,\[]/) {
6812			my $type = $1;
6813			if ($type =~ /\b($typeC99Typedefs)\b/) {
6814				$type = $1;
6815				my $kernel_type = 'u';
6816				$kernel_type = 's' if ($type =~ /^_*[si]/);
6817				$type =~ /(\d+)/;
6818				$kernel_type .= $1;
6819				if (CHK("PREFER_KERNEL_TYPES",
6820					"Prefer kernel type '$kernel_type' over '$type'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6821				    $fix) {
6822					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b$type\b/$kernel_type/;
6823				}
6824			}
6825		}
6826
6827# check for cast of C90 native int or longer types constants
6828		if ($line =~ /(\(\s*$C90_int_types\s*\)\s*)($Constant)\b/) {
6829			my $cast = $1;
6830			my $const = $2;
6831			my $suffix = "";
6832			my $newconst = $const;
6833			$newconst =~ s/${Int_type}$//;
6834			$suffix .= 'U' if ($cast =~ /\bunsigned\b/);
6835			if ($cast =~ /\blong\s+long\b/) {
6836			    $suffix .= 'LL';
6837			} elsif ($cast =~ /\blong\b/) {
6838			    $suffix .= 'L';
6839			}
6840			if (WARN("TYPECAST_INT_CONSTANT",
6841				 "Unnecessary typecast of c90 int constant - '$cast$const' could be '$const$suffix'\n" . $herecurr) &&
6842			    $fix) {
6843				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$cast\E$const\b/$newconst$suffix/;
6844			}
6845		}
6846
6847# check for sizeof(&)
6848		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s*\(\s*\&/) {
6849			WARN("SIZEOF_ADDRESS",
6850			     "sizeof(& should be avoided\n" . $herecurr);
6851		}
6852
6853# check for sizeof without parenthesis
6854		if ($line =~ /\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/) {
6855			if (WARN("SIZEOF_PARENTHESIS",
6856				 "sizeof $1 should be sizeof($1)\n" . $herecurr) &&
6857			    $fix) {
6858				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bsizeof\s+((?:\*\s*|)$Lval|$Type(?:\s+$Lval|))/"sizeof(" . trim($1) . ")"/ex;
6859			}
6860		}
6861
6862# check for struct spinlock declarations
6863		if ($line =~ /^.\s*\bstruct\s+spinlock\s+\w+\s*;/) {
6864			WARN("USE_SPINLOCK_T",
6865			     "struct spinlock should be spinlock_t\n" . $herecurr);
6866		}
6867
6868# check for seq_printf uses that could be seq_puts
6869		if ($sline =~ /\bseq_printf\s*\(.*"\s*\)\s*;\s*$/) {
6870			my $fmt = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
6871			$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6872			if ($fmt !~ /%/) {
6873				if (WARN("PREFER_SEQ_PUTS",
6874					 "Prefer seq_puts to seq_printf\n" . $herecurr) &&
6875				    $fix) {
6876					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bseq_printf\b/seq_puts/;
6877				}
6878			}
6879		}
6880
6881# check for vsprintf extension %p<foo> misuses
6882		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6883		    defined $stat &&
6884		    $stat =~ /^\+(?![^\{]*\{\s*).*\b(\w+)\s*\(.*$String\s*,/s &&
6885		    $1 !~ /^_*volatile_*$/) {
6886			my $stat_real;
6887
6888			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
6889			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
6890		        for (my $count = $linenr; $count <= $lc; $count++) {
6891				my $specifier;
6892				my $extension;
6893				my $qualifier;
6894				my $bad_specifier = "";
6895				my $fmt = get_quoted_string($lines[$count - 1], raw_line($count, 0));
6896				$fmt =~ s/%%//g;
6897
6898				while ($fmt =~ /(\%[\*\d\.]*p(\w)(\w*))/g) {
6899					$specifier = $1;
6900					$extension = $2;
6901					$qualifier = $3;
6902					if ($extension !~ /[4SsBKRraEehMmIiUDdgVCbGNOxtf]/ ||
6903					    ($extension eq "f" &&
6904					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^w/) ||
6905					    ($extension eq "4" &&
6906					     defined $qualifier && $qualifier !~ /^cc/)) {
6907						$bad_specifier = $specifier;
6908						last;
6909					}
6910					if ($extension eq "x" && !defined($stat_real)) {
6911						if (!defined($stat_real)) {
6912							$stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6913						}
6914						WARN("VSPRINTF_SPECIFIER_PX",
6915						     "Using vsprintf specifier '\%px' potentially exposes the kernel memory layout, if you don't really need the address please consider using '\%p'.\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6916					}
6917				}
6918				if ($bad_specifier ne "") {
6919					my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
6920					my $msg_level = \&WARN;
6921					my $ext_type = "Invalid";
6922					my $use = "";
6923					if ($bad_specifier =~ /p[Ff]/) {
6924						$use = " - use %pS instead";
6925						$use =~ s/pS/ps/ if ($bad_specifier =~ /pf/);
6926					} elsif ($bad_specifier =~ /pA/) {
6927						$use =  " - '%pA' is only intended to be used from Rust code";
6928						$msg_level = \&ERROR;
6929					}
6930
6931					&{$msg_level}("VSPRINTF_POINTER_EXTENSION",
6932						      "$ext_type vsprintf pointer extension '$bad_specifier'$use\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
6933				}
6934			}
6935		}
6936
6937# Check for misused memsets
6938		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6939		    defined $stat &&
6940		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
6941
6942			my $ms_addr = $2;
6943			my $ms_val = $7;
6944			my $ms_size = $12;
6945
6946			if ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)0$/i) {
6947				ERROR("MEMSET",
6948				      "memset to 0's uses 0 as the 2nd argument, not the 3rd\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6949			} elsif ($ms_size =~ /^(0x|)1$/i) {
6950				WARN("MEMSET",
6951				     "single byte memset is suspicious. Swapped 2nd/3rd argument?\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
6952			}
6953		}
6954
6955# Check for memcpy(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_copy(foo, bar)
6956#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6957#		    defined $stat &&
6958#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6959#			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_COPY",
6960#				 "Prefer ether_addr_copy() over memcpy() if the Ethernet addresses are __aligned(2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6961#			    $fix) {
6962#				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemcpy\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/ether_addr_copy($2, $7)/;
6963#			}
6964#		}
6965
6966# Check for memcmp(foo, bar, ETH_ALEN) that could be ether_addr_equal*(foo, bar)
6967#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6968#		    defined $stat &&
6969#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemcmp\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6970#			WARN("PREFER_ETHER_ADDR_EQUAL",
6971#			     "Prefer ether_addr_equal() or ether_addr_equal_unaligned() over memcmp()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n")
6972#		}
6973
6974# check for memset(foo, 0x0, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_zero_addr
6975# check for memset(foo, 0xFF, ETH_ALEN) that could be eth_broadcast_addr
6976#		if ($perl_version_ok &&
6977#		    defined $stat &&
6978#		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/) {
6979#
6980#			my $ms_val = $7;
6981#
6982#			if ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0x|)0+$/i) {
6983#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_ZERO_ADDR",
6984#					 "Prefer eth_zero_addr over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6985#				    $fix) {
6986#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_zero_addr($2)/;
6987#				}
6988#			} elsif ($ms_val =~ /^(?:0xff|255)$/i) {
6989#				if (WARN("PREFER_ETH_BROADCAST_ADDR",
6990#					 "Prefer eth_broadcast_addr() over memset()\n" . "$here\n$stat\n") &&
6991#				    $fix) {
6992#					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bmemset\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*ETH_ALEN\s*\)/eth_broadcast_addr($2)/;
6993#				}
6994#			}
6995#		}
6996
6997# strcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
6998		if ($line =~ /\bstrcpy\s*\(/) {
6999			WARN("STRCPY",
7000			     "Prefer strscpy over strcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/88\n" . $herecurr);
7001		}
7002
7003# strlcpy uses that should likely be strscpy
7004		if ($line =~ /\bstrlcpy\s*\(/) {
7005			WARN("STRLCPY",
7006			     "Prefer strscpy over strlcpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/89\n" . $herecurr);
7007		}
7008
7009# strncpy uses that should likely be strscpy or strscpy_pad
7010		if ($line =~ /\bstrncpy\s*\(/) {
7011			WARN("STRNCPY",
7012			     "Prefer strscpy, strscpy_pad, or __nonstring over strncpy - see: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/90\n" . $herecurr);
7013		}
7014
7015# ethtool_sprintf uses that should likely be ethtool_puts
7016		if ($line =~ /\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7017			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHTOOL_PUTS",
7018				 "Prefer ethtool_puts over ethtool_sprintf with only two arguments\n" . $herecurr) &&
7019			    $fix) {
7020				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)/ethtool_puts($1, $7)/;
7021			}
7022		}
7023
7024		# use $rawline because $line loses %s via sanitization and thus we can't match against it.
7025		if ($rawline =~ /\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*\"\%s\"\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7026			if (WARN("PREFER_ETHTOOL_PUTS",
7027				 "Prefer ethtool_puts over ethtool_sprintf with standalone \"%s\" specifier\n" . $herecurr) &&
7028			    $fix) {
7029				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bethtool_sprintf\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*"\%s"\s*,\s*($FuncArg)/ethtool_puts($1, $7)/;
7030			}
7031		}
7032
7033
7034# typecasts on min/max could be min_t/max_t
7035		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7036		    defined $stat &&
7037		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\b(min|max)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*$FuncArg\s*\)/) {
7038			if (defined $2 || defined $7) {
7039				my $call = $1;
7040				my $cast1 = deparenthesize($2);
7041				my $arg1 = $3;
7042				my $cast2 = deparenthesize($7);
7043				my $arg2 = $8;
7044				my $cast;
7045
7046				if ($cast1 ne "" && $cast2 ne "" && $cast1 ne $cast2) {
7047					$cast = "$cast1 or $cast2";
7048				} elsif ($cast1 ne "") {
7049					$cast = $cast1;
7050				} else {
7051					$cast = $cast2;
7052				}
7053				WARN("MINMAX",
7054				     "$call() should probably be ${call}_t($cast, $arg1, $arg2)\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7055			}
7056		}
7057
7058# check usleep_range arguments
7059		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7060		    defined $stat &&
7061		    $stat =~ /^\+(?:.*?)\busleep_range\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*,\s*($FuncArg)\s*\)/) {
7062			my $min = $1;
7063			my $max = $7;
7064			if ($min eq $max) {
7065				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
7066				     "usleep_range should not use min == max args; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7067			} elsif ($min =~ /^\d+$/ && $max =~ /^\d+$/ &&
7068				 $min > $max) {
7069				WARN("USLEEP_RANGE",
7070				     "usleep_range args reversed, use min then max; see Documentation/timers/timers-howto.rst\n" . "$here\n$stat\n");
7071			}
7072		}
7073
7074# check for naked sscanf
7075		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7076		    defined $stat &&
7077		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/ &&
7078		    ($stat !~ /$Ident\s*=\s*sscanf\s*$balanced_parens/ &&
7079		     $stat !~ /\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens\s*(?:$Compare)/ &&
7080		     $stat !~ /(?:$Compare)\s*\bsscanf\s*$balanced_parens/)) {
7081			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7082			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7083			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7084			WARN("NAKED_SSCANF",
7085			     "unchecked sscanf return value\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
7086		}
7087
7088# check for simple sscanf that should be kstrto<foo>
7089		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7090		    defined $stat &&
7091		    $line =~ /\bsscanf\b/) {
7092			my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7093			$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7094			my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7095			if ($stat_real =~ /\bsscanf\b\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*("[^"]+")/) {
7096				my $format = $6;
7097				my $count = $format =~ tr@%@%@;
7098				if ($count == 1 &&
7099				    $format =~ /^"\%(?i:ll[udxi]|[udxi]ll|ll|[hl]h?[udxi]|[udxi][hl]h?|[hl]h?|[udxi])"$/) {
7100					WARN("SSCANF_TO_KSTRTO",
7101					     "Prefer kstrto<type> to single variable sscanf\n" . "$here\n$stat_real\n");
7102				}
7103			}
7104		}
7105
7106# check for new externs in .h files.
7107		if ($realfile =~ /\.h$/ &&
7108		    $line =~ /^\+\s*(extern\s+)$Type\s*$Ident\s*\(/s) {
7109			if (CHK("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7110				"extern prototypes should be avoided in .h files\n" . $herecurr) &&
7111			    $fix) {
7112				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(.*)\bextern\b\s*(.*)/$1$2/;
7113			}
7114		}
7115
7116# check for new externs in .c files.
7117		if ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7118		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s+($Ident)(\s*)\(/s)
7119		{
7120			my $function_name = $1;
7121			my $paren_space = $2;
7122
7123			my $s = $stat;
7124			if (defined $cond) {
7125				substr($s, 0, length($cond), '');
7126			}
7127			if ($s =~ /^\s*;/)
7128			{
7129				WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7130				     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7131			}
7132
7133			if ($paren_space =~ /\n/) {
7134				WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7135				     "arguments for function declarations should follow identifier\n" . $herecurr);
7136			}
7137
7138		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7139		    $stat =~ /^\+extern struct\s+(\w+)\s+(\w+)\[\];/)
7140		{
7141			my ($st_type, $st_name) = ($1, $2);
7142
7143			for my $s (keys %maybe_linker_symbol) {
7144			    #print "Linker symbol? $st_name : $s\n";
7145			    goto LIKELY_LINKER_SYMBOL
7146				if $st_name =~ /$s/;
7147			}
7148			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7149			     "found a file-scoped extern type:$st_type name:$st_name in .c file\n"
7150			     . "is this a linker symbol ?\n" . $herecurr);
7151		  LIKELY_LINKER_SYMBOL:
7152
7153		} elsif ($realfile =~ /\.c$/ && defined $stat &&
7154		    $stat =~ /^.\s*extern\s+/)
7155		{
7156			WARN("AVOID_EXTERNS",
7157			     "externs should be avoided in .c files\n" .  $herecurr);
7158		}
7159
7160# check for function declarations that have arguments without identifier names
7161		if (defined $stat &&
7162		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:extern\s+)?$Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident\s*\))\s*\(\s*([^{]+)\s*\)\s*;/s &&
7163		    $1 ne "void") {
7164			my $args = trim($1);
7165			while ($args =~ m/\s*($Type\s*(?:$Ident|\(\s*\*\s*$Ident?\s*\)\s*$balanced_parens)?)/g) {
7166				my $arg = trim($1);
7167				if ($arg =~ /^$Type$/ && $arg !~ /enum\s+$Ident$/) {
7168					WARN("FUNCTION_ARGUMENTS",
7169					     "function definition argument '$arg' should also have an identifier name\n" . $herecurr);
7170				}
7171			}
7172		}
7173
7174# check for function definitions
7175		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7176		    defined $stat &&
7177		    $stat =~ /^.\s*(?:$Storage\s+)?$Type\s*($Ident)\s*$balanced_parens\s*{/s) {
7178			$context_function = $1;
7179
7180# check for multiline function definition with misplaced open brace
7181			my $ok = 0;
7182			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7183			my $herectx = $here . "\n";
7184			for (my $n = 0; $n < $cnt; $n++) {
7185				my $rl = raw_line($linenr, $n);
7186				$herectx .=  $rl . "\n";
7187				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /^[ \+]\{/);
7188				$ok = 1 if ($rl =~ /\{/ && $n == 0);
7189				last if $rl =~ /^[ \+].*\{/;
7190			}
7191			if (!$ok) {
7192				ERROR("OPEN_BRACE",
7193				      "open brace '{' following function definitions go on the next line\n" . $herectx);
7194			}
7195		}
7196
7197# checks for new __setup's
7198		if ($rawline =~ /\b__setup\("([^"]*)"/) {
7199			my $name = $1;
7200
7201			if (!grep(/$name/, @setup_docs)) {
7202				CHK("UNDOCUMENTED_SETUP",
7203				    "__setup appears un-documented -- check Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt\n" . $herecurr);
7204			}
7205		}
7206
7207# check for pointless casting of alloc functions
7208		if ($line =~ /\*\s*\)\s*$allocFunctions\b/) {
7209			WARN("UNNECESSARY_CASTS",
7210			     "unnecessary cast may hide bugs, see http://c-faq.com/malloc/mallocnocast.html\n" . $herecurr);
7211		}
7212
7213# alloc style
7214# p = alloc(sizeof(struct foo), ...) should be p = alloc(sizeof(*p), ...)
7215		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7216		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k|v)[mz]alloc(?:_node)?)\s*\(\s*(sizeof\s*\(\s*struct\s+$Lval\s*\))/) {
7217			CHK("ALLOC_SIZEOF_STRUCT",
7218			    "Prefer $3(sizeof(*$1)...) over $3($4...)\n" . $herecurr);
7219		}
7220
7221# check for (kv|k)[mz]alloc with multiplies that could be kmalloc_array/kvmalloc_array/kvcalloc/kcalloc
7222		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7223		    defined $stat &&
7224		    $stat =~ /^\+\s*($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)\s*,/) {
7225			my $oldfunc = $3;
7226			my $a1 = $4;
7227			my $a2 = $10;
7228			my $newfunc = "kmalloc_array";
7229			$newfunc = "kvmalloc_array" if ($oldfunc eq "kvmalloc");
7230			$newfunc = "kvcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kvzalloc");
7231			$newfunc = "kcalloc" if ($oldfunc eq "kzalloc");
7232			my $r1 = $a1;
7233			my $r2 = $a2;
7234			if ($a1 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/) {
7235				$r1 = $a2;
7236				$r2 = $a1;
7237			}
7238			if ($r1 !~ /^sizeof\b/ && $r2 =~ /^sizeof\s*\S/ &&
7239			    !($r1 =~ /^$Constant$/ || $r1 =~ /^[A-Z_][A-Z0-9_]*$/)) {
7240				my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7241				my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7242
7243				if (WARN("ALLOC_WITH_MULTIPLY",
7244					 "Prefer $newfunc over $oldfunc with multiply\n" . $herectx) &&
7245				    $cnt == 1 &&
7246				    $fix) {
7247					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*((?:kv|k)[mz]alloc)\s*\(\s*($FuncArg)\s*\*\s*($FuncArg)/$1 . ' = ' . "$newfunc(" . trim($r1) . ', ' . trim($r2)/e;
7248				}
7249			}
7250		}
7251
7252# check for krealloc arg reuse
7253		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7254		    $line =~ /\b($Lval)\s*\=\s*(?:$balanced_parens)?\s*krealloc\s*\(\s*($Lval)\s*,/ &&
7255		    $1 eq $3) {
7256			WARN("KREALLOC_ARG_REUSE",
7257			     "Reusing the krealloc arg is almost always a bug\n" . $herecurr);
7258		}
7259
7260# check for alloc argument mismatch
7261		if ($line =~ /\b((?:devm_)?((?:k|kv)?(calloc|malloc_array)(?:_node)?))\s*\(\s*sizeof\b/) {
7262			WARN("ALLOC_ARRAY_ARGS",
7263			     "$1 uses number as first arg, sizeof is generally wrong\n" . $herecurr);
7264		}
7265
7266# check for multiple semicolons
7267		if ($line =~ /;\s*;\s*$/) {
7268			if (WARN("ONE_SEMICOLON",
7269				 "Statements terminations use 1 semicolon\n" . $herecurr) &&
7270			    $fix) {
7271				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/(\s*;\s*){2,}$/;/g;
7272			}
7273		}
7274
7275# check for #defines like: 1 << <digit> that could be BIT(digit), it is not exported to uapi
7276		if ($realfile !~ m@^include/uapi/@ &&
7277		    $line =~ /#\s*define\s+\w+\s+\(?\s*1\s*([ulUL]*)\s*\<\<\s*(?:\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/) {
7278			my $ull = "";
7279			$ull = "_ULL" if (defined($1) && $1 =~ /ll/i);
7280			if (CHK("BIT_MACRO",
7281				"Prefer using the BIT$ull macro\n" . $herecurr) &&
7282			    $fix) {
7283				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\(?\s*1\s*[ulUL]*\s*<<\s*(\d+|$Ident)\s*\)?/BIT${ull}($1)/;
7284			}
7285		}
7286
7287# check for IS_ENABLED() without CONFIG_<FOO> ($rawline for comments too)
7288		if ($rawline =~ /\bIS_ENABLED\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*\)/ && $1 !~ /^${CONFIG_}/) {
7289			WARN("IS_ENABLED_CONFIG",
7290			     "IS_ENABLED($1) is normally used as IS_ENABLED(${CONFIG_}$1)\n" . $herecurr);
7291		}
7292
7293# check for #if defined CONFIG_<FOO> || defined CONFIG_<FOO>_MODULE
7294		if ($line =~ /^\+\s*#\s*if\s+defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)(${CONFIG_}[A-Z_]+)\s*\)?\s*\|\|\s*defined(?:\s*\(?\s*|\s+)\1_MODULE\s*\)?\s*$/) {
7295			my $config = $1;
7296			if (WARN("PREFER_IS_ENABLED",
7297				 "Prefer IS_ENABLED(<FOO>) to ${CONFIG_}<FOO> || ${CONFIG_}<FOO>_MODULE\n" . $herecurr) &&
7298			    $fix) {
7299				$fixed[$fixlinenr] = "\+#if IS_ENABLED($config)";
7300			}
7301		}
7302
7303# check for /* fallthrough */ like comment, prefer fallthrough;
7304		my @fallthroughs = (
7305			'fallthrough',
7306			'@fallthrough@',
7307			'lint -fallthrough[ \t]*',
7308			'intentional(?:ly)?[ \t]*fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)',
7309			'(?:else,?\s*)?FALL(?:S | |-)?THR(?:OUGH|U|EW)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7310			'Fall(?:(?:s | |-)[Tt]|t)hr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7311			'fall(?:s | |-)?thr(?:ough|u|ew)[ \t.!]*(?:-[^\n\r]*)?',
7312		    );
7313		if ($raw_comment ne '') {
7314			foreach my $ft (@fallthroughs) {
7315				if ($raw_comment =~ /$ft/) {
7316					my $msg_level = \&WARN;
7317					$msg_level = \&CHK if ($file);
7318					&{$msg_level}("PREFER_FALLTHROUGH",
7319						      "Prefer 'fallthrough;' over fallthrough comment\n" . $herecurr);
7320					last;
7321				}
7322			}
7323		}
7324
7325# check for switch/default statements without a break;
7326		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7327		    defined $stat &&
7328		    $stat =~ /^\+[$;\s]*(?:case[$;\s]+\w+[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*|)*[$;\s]*\bdefault[$;\s]*:[$;\s]*;/g) {
7329			my $cnt = statement_rawlines($stat);
7330			my $herectx = get_stat_here($linenr, $cnt, $here);
7331
7332			WARN("DEFAULT_NO_BREAK",
7333			     "switch default: should use break\n" . $herectx);
7334		}
7335
7336# check for gcc specific __FUNCTION__
7337		if ($line =~ /\b__FUNCTION__\b/) {
7338			if (WARN("USE_FUNC",
7339				 "__func__ should be used instead of gcc specific __FUNCTION__\n"  . $herecurr) &&
7340			    $fix) {
7341				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\b__FUNCTION__\b/__func__/g;
7342			}
7343		}
7344
7345# check for uses of __DATE__, __TIME__, __TIMESTAMP__
7346		while ($line =~ /\b(__(?:DATE|TIME|TIMESTAMP)__)\b/g) {
7347			ERROR("DATE_TIME",
7348			      "Use of the '$1' macro makes the build non-deterministic\n" . $herecurr);
7349		}
7350
7351# check for use of yield()
7352		if ($line =~ /\byield\s*\(\s*\)/) {
7353			WARN("YIELD",
7354			     "Using yield() is generally wrong. See yield() kernel-doc (sched/core.c)\n"  . $herecurr);
7355		}
7356
7357# check for comparisons against true and false
7358		if ($line =~ /\+\s*(.*?)\b(true|false|$Lval)\s*(==|\!=)\s*(true|false|$Lval)\b(.*)$/i) {
7359			my $lead = $1;
7360			my $arg = $2;
7361			my $test = $3;
7362			my $otype = $4;
7363			my $trail = $5;
7364			my $op = "!";
7365
7366			($arg, $otype) = ($otype, $arg) if ($arg =~ /^(?:true|false)$/i);
7367
7368			my $type = lc($otype);
7369			if ($type =~ /^(?:true|false)$/) {
7370				if (("$test" eq "==" && "$type" eq "true") ||
7371				    ("$test" eq "!=" && "$type" eq "false")) {
7372					$op = "";
7373				}
7374
7375				CHK("BOOL_COMPARISON",
7376				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone\n" . $herecurr);
7377
7378## maybe suggesting a correct construct would better
7379##				    "Using comparison to $otype is error prone.  Perhaps use '${lead}${op}${arg}${trail}'\n" . $herecurr);
7380
7381			}
7382		}
7383
7384# check for semaphores initialized locked
7385		if ($line =~ /^.\s*sema_init.+,\W?0\W?\)/) {
7386			WARN("CONSIDER_COMPLETION",
7387			     "consider using a completion\n" . $herecurr);
7388		}
7389
7390# recommend kstrto* over simple_strto* and strict_strto*
7391		if ($line =~ /\b((simple|strict)_(strto(l|ll|ul|ull)))\s*\(/) {
7392			WARN("CONSIDER_KSTRTO",
7393			     "$1 is obsolete, use k$3 instead\n" . $herecurr);
7394		}
7395
7396# check for __initcall(), use device_initcall() explicitly or more appropriate function please
7397		if ($line =~ /^.\s*__initcall\s*\(/) {
7398			WARN("USE_DEVICE_INITCALL",
7399			     "please use device_initcall() or more appropriate function instead of __initcall() (see include/linux/init.h)\n" . $herecurr);
7400		}
7401
7402# check for spin_is_locked(), suggest lockdep instead
7403		if ($line =~ /\bspin_is_locked\(/) {
7404			WARN("USE_LOCKDEP",
7405			     "Where possible, use lockdep_assert_held instead of assertions based on spin_is_locked\n" . $herecurr);
7406		}
7407
7408# check for deprecated apis
7409		if ($line =~ /\b($deprecated_apis_search)\b\s*\(/) {
7410			my $deprecated_api = $1;
7411			my $new_api = $deprecated_apis{$deprecated_api};
7412			WARN("DEPRECATED_API",
7413			     "Deprecated use of '$deprecated_api', prefer '$new_api' instead\n" . $herecurr);
7414		}
7415
7416# check for various structs that are normally const (ops, kgdb, device_tree)
7417# and avoid what seem like struct definitions 'struct foo {'
7418		if (defined($const_structs) &&
7419		    $line !~ /\bconst\b/ &&
7420		    $line =~ /\bstruct\s+($const_structs)\b(?!\s*\{)/) {
7421			WARN("CONST_STRUCT",
7422			     "struct $1 should normally be const\n" . $herecurr);
7423		}
7424
7425# use of NR_CPUS is usually wrong
7426# ignore definitions of NR_CPUS and usage to define arrays as likely right
7427# ignore designated initializers using NR_CPUS
7428		if ($line =~ /\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7429		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*if\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7430		    $line !~ /^.\s*\s*#\s*define\b.*\bNR_CPUS\b/ &&
7431		    $line !~ /^.\s*$Declare\s.*\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7432		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\]/ &&
7433		    $line !~ /\[[^\]]*NR_CPUS[^\]]*\.\.\.[^\]]*\]/ &&
7434		    $line !~ /^.\s*\.\w+\s*=\s*.*\bNR_CPUS\b/)
7435		{
7436			WARN("NR_CPUS",
7437			     "usage of NR_CPUS is often wrong - consider using cpu_possible(), num_possible_cpus(), for_each_possible_cpu(), etc\n" . $herecurr);
7438		}
7439
7440# Use of __ARCH_HAS_<FOO> or ARCH_HAVE_<BAR> is wrong.
7441		if ($line =~ /\+\s*#\s*define\s+((?:__)?ARCH_(?:HAS|HAVE)\w*)\b/) {
7442			ERROR("DEFINE_ARCH_HAS",
7443			      "#define of '$1' is wrong - use Kconfig variables or standard guards instead\n" . $herecurr);
7444		}
7445
7446# likely/unlikely comparisons similar to "(likely(foo) > 0)"
7447		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7448		    $line =~ /\b((?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*\)\s*$Compare/) {
7449			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7450			     "Using $1 should generally have parentheses around the comparison\n" . $herecurr);
7451		}
7452
7453# return sysfs_emit(foo, fmt, ...) fmt without newline
7454		if ($line =~ /\breturn\s+sysfs_emit\s*\(\s*$FuncArg\s*,\s*($String)/ &&
7455		    substr($rawline, $-[6], $+[6] - $-[6]) !~ /\\n"$/) {
7456			my $offset = $+[6] - 1;
7457			if (WARN("SYSFS_EMIT",
7458				 "return sysfs_emit(...) formats should include a terminating newline\n" . $herecurr) &&
7459			    $fix) {
7460				substr($fixed[$fixlinenr], $offset, 0) = '\\n';
7461			}
7462		}
7463
7464# check for array definition/declarations that should use flexible arrays instead
7465		if ($sline =~ /^[\+ ]\s*\}(?:\s*__packed)?\s*;\s*$/ &&
7466		    $prevline =~ /^\+\s*(?:\}(?:\s*__packed\s*)?|$Type)\s*$Ident\s*\[\s*(0|1)\s*\]\s*;\s*$/) {
7467			if (ERROR("FLEXIBLE_ARRAY",
7468				  "Use C99 flexible arrays - see https://docs.kernel.org/process/deprecated.html#zero-length-and-one-element-arrays\n" . $hereprev) &&
7469			    $1 == '0' && $fix) {
7470				$fixed[$fixlinenr - 1] =~ s/\[\s*0\s*\]/[]/;
7471			}
7472		}
7473
7474# nested likely/unlikely calls
7475		if ($line =~ /\b(?:(?:un)?likely)\s*\(\s*!?\s*(IS_ERR(?:_OR_NULL|_VALUE)?|WARN)/) {
7476			WARN("LIKELY_MISUSE",
7477			     "nested (un)?likely() calls, $1 already uses unlikely() internally\n" . $herecurr);
7478		}
7479
7480# whine mightly about in_atomic
7481		if ($line =~ /\bin_atomic\s*\(/) {
7482			if ($realfile =~ m@^drivers/@) {
7483				ERROR("IN_ATOMIC",
7484				      "do not use in_atomic in drivers\n" . $herecurr);
7485			} elsif ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/@) {
7486				WARN("IN_ATOMIC",
7487				     "use of in_atomic() is incorrect outside core kernel code\n" . $herecurr);
7488			}
7489		}
7490
7491# Complain about RCU Tasks Trace used outside of BPF (and of course, RCU).
7492		our $rcu_trace_funcs = qr{(?x:
7493			rcu_read_lock_trace |
7494			rcu_read_lock_trace_held |
7495			rcu_read_unlock_trace |
7496			call_rcu_tasks_trace |
7497			synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace |
7498			rcu_barrier_tasks_trace |
7499			rcu_request_urgent_qs_task
7500		)};
7501		our $rcu_trace_paths = qr{(?x:
7502			kernel/bpf/ |
7503			include/linux/bpf |
7504			net/bpf/ |
7505			kernel/rcu/ |
7506			include/linux/rcu
7507		)};
7508		if ($line =~ /\b($rcu_trace_funcs)\s*\(/) {
7509			if ($realfile !~ m{^$rcu_trace_paths}) {
7510				WARN("RCU_TASKS_TRACE",
7511				     "use of RCU tasks trace is incorrect outside BPF or core RCU code\n" . $herecurr);
7512			}
7513		}
7514
7515# check for lockdep_set_novalidate_class
7516		if ($line =~ /^.\s*lockdep_set_novalidate_class\s*\(/ ||
7517		    $line =~ /__lockdep_no_validate__\s*\)/ ) {
7518			if ($realfile !~ m@^kernel/lockdep@ &&
7519			    $realfile !~ m@^include/linux/lockdep@ &&
7520			    $realfile !~ m@^drivers/base/core@) {
7521				ERROR("LOCKDEP",
7522				      "lockdep_no_validate class is reserved for device->mutex.\n" . $herecurr);
7523			}
7524		}
7525
7526		if ($line =~ /debugfs_create_\w+.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/ ||
7527		    $line =~ /DEVICE_ATTR.*\b$mode_perms_world_writable\b/) {
7528			WARN("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7529			     "Exporting world writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . $herecurr);
7530		}
7531
7532# check for DEVICE_ATTR uses that could be DEVICE_ATTR_<FOO>
7533# and whether or not function naming is typical and if
7534# DEVICE_ATTR permissions uses are unusual too
7535		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7536		    defined $stat &&
7537		    $stat =~ /\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*\(?\s*(\s*(?:${multi_mode_perms_string_search}|0[0-7]{3,3})\s*)\s*\)?\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*,\s*(\w+)\s*\)/) {
7538			my $var = $1;
7539			my $perms = $2;
7540			my $show = $3;
7541			my $store = $4;
7542			my $octal_perms = perms_to_octal($perms);
7543			if ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7544			    $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7545			    $octal_perms eq "0644") {
7546				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RW",
7547					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RW\n" . $herecurr) &&
7548				    $fix) {
7549					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RW(${var})/;
7550				}
7551			} elsif ($show =~ /^${var}_show$/ &&
7552				 $store =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7553				 $octal_perms eq "0444") {
7554				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_RO",
7555					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_RO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7556				    $fix) {
7557					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*$show\s*,\s*NULL\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_RO(${var})/;
7558				}
7559			} elsif ($show =~ /^NULL$/ &&
7560				 $store =~ /^${var}_store$/ &&
7561				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7562				if (WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_WO",
7563					 "Use DEVICE_ATTR_WO\n" . $herecurr) &&
7564				    $fix) {
7565					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bDEVICE_ATTR\s*\(\s*$var\s*,\s*\Q$perms\E\s*,\s*NULL\s*,\s*$store\s*\)/DEVICE_ATTR_WO(${var})/;
7566				}
7567			} elsif ($octal_perms eq "0644" ||
7568				 $octal_perms eq "0444" ||
7569				 $octal_perms eq "0200") {
7570				my $newshow = "$show";
7571				$newshow = "${var}_show" if ($show ne "NULL" && $show ne "${var}_show");
7572				my $newstore = $store;
7573				$newstore = "${var}_store" if ($store ne "NULL" && $store ne "${var}_store");
7574				my $rename = "";
7575				if ($show ne $newshow) {
7576					$rename .= " '$show' to '$newshow'";
7577				}
7578				if ($store ne $newstore) {
7579					$rename .= " '$store' to '$newstore'";
7580				}
7581				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_FUNCTIONS",
7582				     "Consider renaming function(s)$rename\n" . $herecurr);
7583			} else {
7584				WARN("DEVICE_ATTR_PERMS",
7585				     "DEVICE_ATTR unusual permissions '$perms' used\n" . $herecurr);
7586			}
7587		}
7588
7589# Mode permission misuses where it seems decimal should be octal
7590# This uses a shortcut match to avoid unnecessary uses of a slow foreach loop
7591# o Ignore module_param*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that has a
7592#   specific definition of not visible in sysfs.
7593# o Ignore proc_create*(...) uses with a decimal 0 permission as that means
7594#   use the default permissions
7595		if ($perl_version_ok &&
7596		    defined $stat &&
7597		    $line =~ /$mode_perms_search/) {
7598			foreach my $entry (@mode_permission_funcs) {
7599				my $func = $entry->[0];
7600				my $arg_pos = $entry->[1];
7601
7602				my $lc = $stat =~ tr@\n@@;
7603				$lc = $lc + $linenr;
7604				my $stat_real = get_stat_real($linenr, $lc);
7605
7606				my $skip_args = "";
7607				if ($arg_pos > 1) {
7608					$arg_pos--;
7609					$skip_args = "(?:\\s*$FuncArg\\s*,\\s*){$arg_pos,$arg_pos}";
7610				}
7611				my $test = "\\b$func\\s*\\(${skip_args}($FuncArg(?:\\|\\s*$FuncArg)*)\\s*[,\\)]";
7612				if ($stat =~ /$test/) {
7613					my $val = $1;
7614					$val = $6 if ($skip_args ne "");
7615					if (!($func =~ /^(?:module_param|proc_create)/ && $val eq "0") &&
7616					    (($val =~ /^$Int$/ && $val !~ /^$Octal$/) ||
7617					     ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && length($val) ne 4))) {
7618						ERROR("NON_OCTAL_PERMISSIONS",
7619						      "Use 4 digit octal (0777) not decimal permissions\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7620					}
7621					if ($val =~ /^$Octal$/ && (oct($val) & 02)) {
7622						ERROR("EXPORTED_WORLD_WRITABLE",
7623						      "Exporting writable files is usually an error. Consider more restrictive permissions.\n" . "$here\n" . $stat_real);
7624					}
7625				}
7626			}
7627		}
7628
7629# check for uses of S_<PERMS> that could be octal for readability
7630		while ($line =~ m{\b($multi_mode_perms_string_search)\b}g) {
7631			my $oval = $1;
7632			my $octal = perms_to_octal($oval);
7633			if (WARN("SYMBOLIC_PERMS",
7634				 "Symbolic permissions '$oval' are not preferred. Consider using octal permissions '$octal'.\n" . $herecurr) &&
7635			    $fix) {
7636				$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\Q$oval\E/$octal/;
7637			}
7638		}
7639
7640# validate content of MODULE_LICENSE against list from include/linux/module.h
7641		if ($line =~ /\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*($String)\s*\)/) {
7642			my $extracted_string = get_quoted_string($line, $rawline);
7643			my $valid_licenses = qr{
7644						GPL|
7645						GPL\ v2|
7646						GPL\ and\ additional\ rights|
7647						Dual\ BSD/GPL|
7648						Dual\ MIT/GPL|
7649						Dual\ MPL/GPL|
7650						Proprietary
7651					}x;
7652			if ($extracted_string !~ /^"(?:$valid_licenses)"$/x) {
7653				WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7654				     "unknown module license " . $extracted_string . "\n" . $herecurr);
7655			}
7656			if (!$file && $extracted_string eq '"GPL v2"') {
7657				if (WARN("MODULE_LICENSE",
7658				     "Prefer \"GPL\" over \"GPL v2\" - see commit bf7fbeeae6db (\"module: Cure the MODULE_LICENSE \"GPL\" vs. \"GPL v2\" bogosity\")\n" . $herecurr) &&
7659				    $fix) {
7660					$fixed[$fixlinenr] =~ s/\bMODULE_LICENSE\s*\(\s*"GPL v2"\s*\)/MODULE_LICENSE("GPL")/;
7661				}
7662			}
7663		}
7664
7665# check for sysctl duplicate constants
7666		if ($line =~ /\.extra[12]\s*=\s*&(zero|one|int_max)\b/) {
7667			WARN("DUPLICATED_SYSCTL_CONST",
7668				"duplicated sysctl range checking value '$1', consider using the shared one in include/linux/sysctl.h\n" . $herecurr);
7669		}
7670	}
7671
7672	# If we have no input at all, then there is nothing to report on
7673	# so just keep quiet.
7674	if ($#rawlines == -1) {
7675		exit(0);
7676	}
7677
7678	# In mailback mode only produce a report in the negative, for
7679	# things that appear to be patches.
7680	if ($mailback && ($clean == 1 || !$is_patch)) {
7681		exit(0);
7682	}
7683
7684	# This is not a patch, and we are in 'no-patch' mode so
7685	# just keep quiet.
7686	if (!$chk_patch && !$is_patch) {
7687		exit(0);
7688	}
7689
7690	if (!$is_patch && $filename !~ /cover-letter\.patch$/) {
7691		ERROR("NOT_UNIFIED_DIFF",
7692		      "Does not appear to be a unified-diff format patch\n");
7693	}
7694	if ($is_patch && $has_commit_log && $chk_signoff) {
7695		if ($signoff == 0) {
7696			ERROR("MISSING_SIGN_OFF",
7697			      "Missing Signed-off-by: line(s)\n");
7698		} elsif ($authorsignoff != 1) {
7699			# authorsignoff values:
7700			# 0 -> missing sign off
7701			# 1 -> sign off identical
7702			# 2 -> names and addresses match, comments mismatch
7703			# 3 -> addresses match, names different
7704			# 4 -> names match, addresses different
7705			# 5 -> names match, addresses excluding subaddress details (refer RFC 5233) match
7706
7707			my $sob_msg = "'From: $author' != 'Signed-off-by: $author_sob'";
7708
7709			if ($authorsignoff == 0) {
7710				ERROR("NO_AUTHOR_SIGN_OFF",
7711				      "Missing Signed-off-by: line by nominal patch author '$author'\n");
7712			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 2) {
7713				CHK("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7714				    "From:/Signed-off-by: email comments mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7715			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 3) {
7716				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7717				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email name mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7718			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 4) {
7719				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7720				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email address mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7721			} elsif ($authorsignoff == 5) {
7722				WARN("FROM_SIGN_OFF_MISMATCH",
7723				     "From:/Signed-off-by: email subaddress mismatch: $sob_msg\n");
7724			}
7725		}
7726	}
7727
7728	print report_dump();
7729	if ($summary && !($clean == 1 && $quiet == 1)) {
7730		print "$filename " if ($summary_file);
7731		print "total: $cnt_error errors, $cnt_warn warnings, " .
7732			(($check)? "$cnt_chk checks, " : "") .
7733			"$cnt_lines lines checked\n";
7734	}
7735
7736	if ($quiet == 0) {
7737		# If there were any defects found and not already fixing them
7738		if (!$clean and !$fix) {
7739			print << "EOM"
7740
7741NOTE: For some of the reported defects, checkpatch may be able to
7742      mechanically convert to the typical style using --fix or --fix-inplace.
7743EOM
7744		}
7745		# If there were whitespace errors which cleanpatch can fix
7746		# then suggest that.
7747		if ($rpt_cleaners) {
7748			$rpt_cleaners = 0;
7749			print << "EOM"
7750
7751NOTE: Whitespace errors detected.
7752      You may wish to use scripts/cleanpatch or scripts/cleanfile
7753EOM
7754		}
7755	}
7756
7757	if ($clean == 0 && $fix &&
7758	    ("@rawlines" ne "@fixed" ||
7759	     $#fixed_inserted >= 0 || $#fixed_deleted >= 0)) {
7760		my $newfile = $filename;
7761		$newfile .= ".EXPERIMENTAL-checkpatch-fixes" if (!$fix_inplace);
7762		my $linecount = 0;
7763		my $f;
7764
7765		@fixed = fix_inserted_deleted_lines(\@fixed, \@fixed_inserted, \@fixed_deleted);
7766
7767		open($f, '>', $newfile)
7768		    or die "$P: Can't open $newfile for write\n";
7769		foreach my $fixed_line (@fixed) {
7770			$linecount++;
7771			if ($file) {
7772				if ($linecount > 3) {
7773					$fixed_line =~ s/^\+//;
7774					print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7775				}
7776			} else {
7777				print $f $fixed_line . "\n";
7778			}
7779		}
7780		close($f);
7781
7782		if (!$quiet) {
7783			print << "EOM";
7784
7785Wrote EXPERIMENTAL --fix correction(s) to '$newfile'
7786
7787Do _NOT_ trust the results written to this file.
7788Do _NOT_ submit these changes without inspecting them for correctness.
7789
7790This EXPERIMENTAL file is simply a convenience to help rewrite patches.
7791No warranties, expressed or implied...
7792EOM
7793		}
7794	}
7795
7796	if ($quiet == 0) {
7797		print "\n";
7798		if ($clean == 1) {
7799			print "$vname has no obvious style problems and is ready for submission.\n";
7800		} else {
7801			print "$vname has style problems, please review.\n";
7802		}
7803	}
7804	return $clean;
7805}