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1/*
2 * linux/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S -- start in 32bit and switch to 64bit
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2000 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> SuSE
5 * Copyright (C) 2000 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
6 * Copyright (C) 2000 Karsten Keil <kkeil@suse.de>
7 * Copyright (C) 2001,2002 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
8 * Copyright (C) 2005 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
9 */
10
11
12#include <linux/linkage.h>
13#include <linux/threads.h>
14#include <linux/init.h>
15#include <asm/segment.h>
16#include <asm/pgtable.h>
17#include <asm/page.h>
18#include <asm/msr.h>
19#include <asm/cache.h>
20#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
21#include <asm/percpu.h>
22#include <asm/nops.h>
23
24#ifdef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
25#include <asm/asm-offsets.h>
26#include <asm/paravirt.h>
27#define GET_CR2_INTO(reg) GET_CR2_INTO_RAX ; movq %rax, reg
28#else
29#define GET_CR2_INTO(reg) movq %cr2, reg
30#define INTERRUPT_RETURN iretq
31#endif
32
33/* we are not able to switch in one step to the final KERNEL ADDRESS SPACE
34 * because we need identity-mapped pages.
35 *
36 */
37
38#define pud_index(x) (((x) >> PUD_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PUD-1))
39
40L4_PAGE_OFFSET = pgd_index(__PAGE_OFFSET)
41L4_START_KERNEL = pgd_index(__START_KERNEL_map)
42L3_START_KERNEL = pud_index(__START_KERNEL_map)
43
44 .text
45 __HEAD
46 .code64
47 .globl startup_64
48startup_64:
49 /*
50 * At this point the CPU runs in 64bit mode CS.L = 1 CS.D = 0,
51 * and someone has loaded an identity mapped page table
52 * for us. These identity mapped page tables map all of the
53 * kernel pages and possibly all of memory.
54 *
55 * %rsi holds a physical pointer to real_mode_data.
56 *
57 * We come here either directly from a 64bit bootloader, or from
58 * arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S.
59 *
60 * We only come here initially at boot nothing else comes here.
61 *
62 * Since we may be loaded at an address different from what we were
63 * compiled to run at we first fixup the physical addresses in our page
64 * tables and then reload them.
65 */
66
67 /* Sanitize CPU configuration */
68 call verify_cpu
69
70 /*
71 * Compute the delta between the address I am compiled to run at and the
72 * address I am actually running at.
73 */
74 leaq _text(%rip), %rbp
75 subq $_text - __START_KERNEL_map, %rbp
76
77 /* Is the address not 2M aligned? */
78 testl $~PMD_PAGE_MASK, %ebp
79 jnz bad_address
80
81 /*
82 * Is the address too large?
83 */
84 leaq _text(%rip), %rax
85 shrq $MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS, %rax
86 jnz bad_address
87
88 /*
89 * Fixup the physical addresses in the page table
90 */
91 addq %rbp, early_level4_pgt + (L4_START_KERNEL*8)(%rip)
92
93 addq %rbp, level3_kernel_pgt + (510*8)(%rip)
94 addq %rbp, level3_kernel_pgt + (511*8)(%rip)
95
96 addq %rbp, level2_fixmap_pgt + (506*8)(%rip)
97
98 /*
99 * Set up the identity mapping for the switchover. These
100 * entries should *NOT* have the global bit set! This also
101 * creates a bunch of nonsense entries but that is fine --
102 * it avoids problems around wraparound.
103 */
104 leaq _text(%rip), %rdi
105 leaq early_level4_pgt(%rip), %rbx
106
107 movq %rdi, %rax
108 shrq $PGDIR_SHIFT, %rax
109
110 leaq (4096 + _KERNPG_TABLE)(%rbx), %rdx
111 movq %rdx, 0(%rbx,%rax,8)
112 movq %rdx, 8(%rbx,%rax,8)
113
114 addq $4096, %rdx
115 movq %rdi, %rax
116 shrq $PUD_SHIFT, %rax
117 andl $(PTRS_PER_PUD-1), %eax
118 movq %rdx, 4096(%rbx,%rax,8)
119 incl %eax
120 andl $(PTRS_PER_PUD-1), %eax
121 movq %rdx, 4096(%rbx,%rax,8)
122
123 addq $8192, %rbx
124 movq %rdi, %rax
125 shrq $PMD_SHIFT, %rdi
126 addq $(__PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC & ~_PAGE_GLOBAL), %rax
127 leaq (_end - 1)(%rip), %rcx
128 shrq $PMD_SHIFT, %rcx
129 subq %rdi, %rcx
130 incl %ecx
131
1321:
133 andq $(PTRS_PER_PMD - 1), %rdi
134 movq %rax, (%rbx,%rdi,8)
135 incq %rdi
136 addq $PMD_SIZE, %rax
137 decl %ecx
138 jnz 1b
139
140 /*
141 * Fixup the kernel text+data virtual addresses. Note that
142 * we might write invalid pmds, when the kernel is relocated
143 * cleanup_highmap() fixes this up along with the mappings
144 * beyond _end.
145 */
146 leaq level2_kernel_pgt(%rip), %rdi
147 leaq 4096(%rdi), %r8
148 /* See if it is a valid page table entry */
1491: testb $1, 0(%rdi)
150 jz 2f
151 addq %rbp, 0(%rdi)
152 /* Go to the next page */
1532: addq $8, %rdi
154 cmp %r8, %rdi
155 jne 1b
156
157 /* Fixup phys_base */
158 addq %rbp, phys_base(%rip)
159
160 movq $(early_level4_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map), %rax
161 jmp 1f
162ENTRY(secondary_startup_64)
163 /*
164 * At this point the CPU runs in 64bit mode CS.L = 1 CS.D = 0,
165 * and someone has loaded a mapped page table.
166 *
167 * %rsi holds a physical pointer to real_mode_data.
168 *
169 * We come here either from startup_64 (using physical addresses)
170 * or from trampoline.S (using virtual addresses).
171 *
172 * Using virtual addresses from trampoline.S removes the need
173 * to have any identity mapped pages in the kernel page table
174 * after the boot processor executes this code.
175 */
176
177 /* Sanitize CPU configuration */
178 call verify_cpu
179
180 movq $(init_level4_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map), %rax
1811:
182
183 /* Enable PAE mode and PGE */
184 movl $(X86_CR4_PAE | X86_CR4_PGE), %ecx
185 movq %rcx, %cr4
186
187 /* Setup early boot stage 4 level pagetables. */
188 addq phys_base(%rip), %rax
189 movq %rax, %cr3
190
191 /* Ensure I am executing from virtual addresses */
192 movq $1f, %rax
193 jmp *%rax
1941:
195
196 /* Check if nx is implemented */
197 movl $0x80000001, %eax
198 cpuid
199 movl %edx,%edi
200
201 /* Setup EFER (Extended Feature Enable Register) */
202 movl $MSR_EFER, %ecx
203 rdmsr
204 btsl $_EFER_SCE, %eax /* Enable System Call */
205 btl $20,%edi /* No Execute supported? */
206 jnc 1f
207 btsl $_EFER_NX, %eax
208 btsq $_PAGE_BIT_NX,early_pmd_flags(%rip)
2091: wrmsr /* Make changes effective */
210
211 /* Setup cr0 */
212#define CR0_STATE (X86_CR0_PE | X86_CR0_MP | X86_CR0_ET | \
213 X86_CR0_NE | X86_CR0_WP | X86_CR0_AM | \
214 X86_CR0_PG)
215 movl $CR0_STATE, %eax
216 /* Make changes effective */
217 movq %rax, %cr0
218
219 /* Setup a boot time stack */
220 movq stack_start(%rip), %rsp
221
222 /* zero EFLAGS after setting rsp */
223 pushq $0
224 popfq
225
226 /*
227 * We must switch to a new descriptor in kernel space for the GDT
228 * because soon the kernel won't have access anymore to the userspace
229 * addresses where we're currently running on. We have to do that here
230 * because in 32bit we couldn't load a 64bit linear address.
231 */
232 lgdt early_gdt_descr(%rip)
233
234 /* set up data segments */
235 xorl %eax,%eax
236 movl %eax,%ds
237 movl %eax,%ss
238 movl %eax,%es
239
240 /*
241 * We don't really need to load %fs or %gs, but load them anyway
242 * to kill any stale realmode selectors. This allows execution
243 * under VT hardware.
244 */
245 movl %eax,%fs
246 movl %eax,%gs
247
248 /* Set up %gs.
249 *
250 * The base of %gs always points to the bottom of the irqstack
251 * union. If the stack protector canary is enabled, it is
252 * located at %gs:40. Note that, on SMP, the boot cpu uses
253 * init data section till per cpu areas are set up.
254 */
255 movl $MSR_GS_BASE,%ecx
256 movl initial_gs(%rip),%eax
257 movl initial_gs+4(%rip),%edx
258 wrmsr
259
260 /* rsi is pointer to real mode structure with interesting info.
261 pass it to C */
262 movq %rsi, %rdi
263
264 /* Finally jump to run C code and to be on real kernel address
265 * Since we are running on identity-mapped space we have to jump
266 * to the full 64bit address, this is only possible as indirect
267 * jump. In addition we need to ensure %cs is set so we make this
268 * a far return.
269 *
270 * Note: do not change to far jump indirect with 64bit offset.
271 *
272 * AMD does not support far jump indirect with 64bit offset.
273 * AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual, Volume 3: states only
274 * JMP FAR mem16:16 FF /5 Far jump indirect,
275 * with the target specified by a far pointer in memory.
276 * JMP FAR mem16:32 FF /5 Far jump indirect,
277 * with the target specified by a far pointer in memory.
278 *
279 * Intel64 does support 64bit offset.
280 * Software Developer Manual Vol 2: states:
281 * FF /5 JMP m16:16 Jump far, absolute indirect,
282 * address given in m16:16
283 * FF /5 JMP m16:32 Jump far, absolute indirect,
284 * address given in m16:32.
285 * REX.W + FF /5 JMP m16:64 Jump far, absolute indirect,
286 * address given in m16:64.
287 */
288 movq initial_code(%rip),%rax
289 pushq $0 # fake return address to stop unwinder
290 pushq $__KERNEL_CS # set correct cs
291 pushq %rax # target address in negative space
292 lretq
293
294#include "verify_cpu.S"
295
296#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
297/*
298 * Boot CPU0 entry point. It's called from play_dead(). Everything has been set
299 * up already except stack. We just set up stack here. Then call
300 * start_secondary().
301 */
302ENTRY(start_cpu0)
303 movq stack_start(%rip),%rsp
304 movq initial_code(%rip),%rax
305 pushq $0 # fake return address to stop unwinder
306 pushq $__KERNEL_CS # set correct cs
307 pushq %rax # target address in negative space
308 lretq
309ENDPROC(start_cpu0)
310#endif
311
312 /* SMP bootup changes these two */
313 __REFDATA
314 .balign 8
315 GLOBAL(initial_code)
316 .quad x86_64_start_kernel
317 GLOBAL(initial_gs)
318 .quad INIT_PER_CPU_VAR(irq_stack_union)
319
320 GLOBAL(stack_start)
321 .quad init_thread_union+THREAD_SIZE-8
322 .word 0
323 __FINITDATA
324
325bad_address:
326 jmp bad_address
327
328 __INIT
329ENTRY(early_idt_handler_array)
330 # 104(%rsp) %rflags
331 # 96(%rsp) %cs
332 # 88(%rsp) %rip
333 # 80(%rsp) error code
334 i = 0
335 .rept NUM_EXCEPTION_VECTORS
336 .ifeq (EXCEPTION_ERRCODE_MASK >> i) & 1
337 pushq $0 # Dummy error code, to make stack frame uniform
338 .endif
339 pushq $i # 72(%rsp) Vector number
340 jmp early_idt_handler_common
341 i = i + 1
342 .fill early_idt_handler_array + i*EARLY_IDT_HANDLER_SIZE - ., 1, 0xcc
343 .endr
344ENDPROC(early_idt_handler_array)
345
346early_idt_handler_common:
347 /*
348 * The stack is the hardware frame, an error code or zero, and the
349 * vector number.
350 */
351 cld
352
353 cmpl $2,(%rsp) # X86_TRAP_NMI
354 je .Lis_nmi # Ignore NMI
355
356 cmpl $2,early_recursion_flag(%rip)
357 jz 1f
358 incl early_recursion_flag(%rip)
359
360 pushq %rax # 64(%rsp)
361 pushq %rcx # 56(%rsp)
362 pushq %rdx # 48(%rsp)
363 pushq %rsi # 40(%rsp)
364 pushq %rdi # 32(%rsp)
365 pushq %r8 # 24(%rsp)
366 pushq %r9 # 16(%rsp)
367 pushq %r10 # 8(%rsp)
368 pushq %r11 # 0(%rsp)
369
370 cmpl $__KERNEL_CS,96(%rsp)
371 jne 11f
372
373 cmpl $14,72(%rsp) # Page fault?
374 jnz 10f
375 GET_CR2_INTO(%rdi) # can clobber any volatile register if pv
376 call early_make_pgtable
377 andl %eax,%eax
378 jz 20f # All good
379
38010:
381 leaq 88(%rsp),%rdi # Pointer to %rip
382 call early_fixup_exception
383 andl %eax,%eax
384 jnz 20f # Found an exception entry
385
38611:
387#ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK
388 GET_CR2_INTO(%r9) # can clobber any volatile register if pv
389 movl 80(%rsp),%r8d # error code
390 movl 72(%rsp),%esi # vector number
391 movl 96(%rsp),%edx # %cs
392 movq 88(%rsp),%rcx # %rip
393 xorl %eax,%eax
394 leaq early_idt_msg(%rip),%rdi
395 call early_printk
396 cmpl $2,early_recursion_flag(%rip)
397 jz 1f
398 call dump_stack
399#ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
400 leaq early_idt_ripmsg(%rip),%rdi
401 movq 40(%rsp),%rsi # %rip again
402 call __print_symbol
403#endif
404#endif /* EARLY_PRINTK */
4051: hlt
406 jmp 1b
407
40820: # Exception table entry found or page table generated
409 popq %r11
410 popq %r10
411 popq %r9
412 popq %r8
413 popq %rdi
414 popq %rsi
415 popq %rdx
416 popq %rcx
417 popq %rax
418 decl early_recursion_flag(%rip)
419.Lis_nmi:
420 addq $16,%rsp # drop vector number and error code
421 INTERRUPT_RETURN
422ENDPROC(early_idt_handler_common)
423
424 __INITDATA
425
426 .balign 4
427early_recursion_flag:
428 .long 0
429
430#ifdef CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK
431early_idt_msg:
432 .asciz "PANIC: early exception %02lx rip %lx:%lx error %lx cr2 %lx\n"
433early_idt_ripmsg:
434 .asciz "RIP %s\n"
435#endif /* CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK */
436
437#define NEXT_PAGE(name) \
438 .balign PAGE_SIZE; \
439GLOBAL(name)
440
441/* Automate the creation of 1 to 1 mapping pmd entries */
442#define PMDS(START, PERM, COUNT) \
443 i = 0 ; \
444 .rept (COUNT) ; \
445 .quad (START) + (i << PMD_SHIFT) + (PERM) ; \
446 i = i + 1 ; \
447 .endr
448
449 __INITDATA
450NEXT_PAGE(early_level4_pgt)
451 .fill 511,8,0
452 .quad level3_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE
453
454NEXT_PAGE(early_dynamic_pgts)
455 .fill 512*EARLY_DYNAMIC_PAGE_TABLES,8,0
456
457 .data
458
459#ifndef CONFIG_XEN
460NEXT_PAGE(init_level4_pgt)
461 .fill 512,8,0
462#else
463NEXT_PAGE(init_level4_pgt)
464 .quad level3_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE
465 .org init_level4_pgt + L4_PAGE_OFFSET*8, 0
466 .quad level3_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE
467 .org init_level4_pgt + L4_START_KERNEL*8, 0
468 /* (2^48-(2*1024*1024*1024))/(2^39) = 511 */
469 .quad level3_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE
470
471NEXT_PAGE(level3_ident_pgt)
472 .quad level2_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE
473 .fill 511, 8, 0
474NEXT_PAGE(level2_ident_pgt)
475 /* Since I easily can, map the first 1G.
476 * Don't set NX because code runs from these pages.
477 */
478 PMDS(0, __PAGE_KERNEL_IDENT_LARGE_EXEC, PTRS_PER_PMD)
479#endif
480
481NEXT_PAGE(level3_kernel_pgt)
482 .fill L3_START_KERNEL,8,0
483 /* (2^48-(2*1024*1024*1024)-((2^39)*511))/(2^30) = 510 */
484 .quad level2_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE
485 .quad level2_fixmap_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE
486
487NEXT_PAGE(level2_kernel_pgt)
488 /*
489 * 512 MB kernel mapping. We spend a full page on this pagetable
490 * anyway.
491 *
492 * The kernel code+data+bss must not be bigger than that.
493 *
494 * (NOTE: at +512MB starts the module area, see MODULES_VADDR.
495 * If you want to increase this then increase MODULES_VADDR
496 * too.)
497 */
498 PMDS(0, __PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC,
499 KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE/PMD_SIZE)
500
501NEXT_PAGE(level2_fixmap_pgt)
502 .fill 506,8,0
503 .quad level1_fixmap_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE
504 /* 8MB reserved for vsyscalls + a 2MB hole = 4 + 1 entries */
505 .fill 5,8,0
506
507NEXT_PAGE(level1_fixmap_pgt)
508 .fill 512,8,0
509
510#undef PMDS
511
512 .data
513 .align 16
514 .globl early_gdt_descr
515early_gdt_descr:
516 .word GDT_ENTRIES*8-1
517early_gdt_descr_base:
518 .quad INIT_PER_CPU_VAR(gdt_page)
519
520ENTRY(phys_base)
521 /* This must match the first entry in level2_kernel_pgt */
522 .quad 0x0000000000000000
523
524#include "../../x86/xen/xen-head.S"
525
526 __PAGE_ALIGNED_BSS
527NEXT_PAGE(empty_zero_page)
528 .skip PAGE_SIZE
529
1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2/*
3 * linux/arch/x86/kernel/head_64.S -- start in 32bit and switch to 64bit
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 2000 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> SuSE
6 * Copyright (C) 2000 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
7 * Copyright (C) 2000 Karsten Keil <kkeil@suse.de>
8 * Copyright (C) 2001,2002 Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
9 * Copyright (C) 2005 Eric Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
10 */
11
12
13#include <linux/linkage.h>
14#include <linux/threads.h>
15#include <linux/init.h>
16#include <linux/pgtable.h>
17#include <asm/segment.h>
18#include <asm/page.h>
19#include <asm/msr.h>
20#include <asm/cache.h>
21#include <asm/processor-flags.h>
22#include <asm/percpu.h>
23#include <asm/nops.h>
24#include "../entry/calling.h"
25#include <asm/export.h>
26#include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
27#include <asm/fixmap.h>
28
29/*
30 * We are not able to switch in one step to the final KERNEL ADDRESS SPACE
31 * because we need identity-mapped pages.
32 */
33#define l4_index(x) (((x) >> 39) & 511)
34#define pud_index(x) (((x) >> PUD_SHIFT) & (PTRS_PER_PUD-1))
35
36L4_PAGE_OFFSET = l4_index(__PAGE_OFFSET_BASE_L4)
37L4_START_KERNEL = l4_index(__START_KERNEL_map)
38
39L3_START_KERNEL = pud_index(__START_KERNEL_map)
40
41 .text
42 __HEAD
43 .code64
44SYM_CODE_START_NOALIGN(startup_64)
45 UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
46 /*
47 * At this point the CPU runs in 64bit mode CS.L = 1 CS.D = 0,
48 * and someone has loaded an identity mapped page table
49 * for us. These identity mapped page tables map all of the
50 * kernel pages and possibly all of memory.
51 *
52 * %rsi holds a physical pointer to real_mode_data.
53 *
54 * We come here either directly from a 64bit bootloader, or from
55 * arch/x86/boot/compressed/head_64.S.
56 *
57 * We only come here initially at boot nothing else comes here.
58 *
59 * Since we may be loaded at an address different from what we were
60 * compiled to run at we first fixup the physical addresses in our page
61 * tables and then reload them.
62 */
63
64 /* Set up the stack for verify_cpu(), similar to initial_stack below */
65 leaq (__end_init_task - FRAME_SIZE)(%rip), %rsp
66
67 leaq _text(%rip), %rdi
68
69 /*
70 * initial_gs points to initial fixed_percpu_data struct with storage for
71 * the stack protector canary. Global pointer fixups are needed at this
72 * stage, so apply them as is done in fixup_pointer(), and initialize %gs
73 * such that the canary can be accessed at %gs:40 for subsequent C calls.
74 */
75 movl $MSR_GS_BASE, %ecx
76 movq initial_gs(%rip), %rax
77 movq $_text, %rdx
78 subq %rdx, %rax
79 addq %rdi, %rax
80 movq %rax, %rdx
81 shrq $32, %rdx
82 wrmsr
83
84 pushq %rsi
85 call startup_64_setup_env
86 popq %rsi
87
88#ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
89 /*
90 * Activate SEV/SME memory encryption if supported/enabled. This needs to
91 * be done now, since this also includes setup of the SEV-SNP CPUID table,
92 * which needs to be done before any CPUID instructions are executed in
93 * subsequent code.
94 */
95 movq %rsi, %rdi
96 pushq %rsi
97 call sme_enable
98 popq %rsi
99#endif
100
101 /* Now switch to __KERNEL_CS so IRET works reliably */
102 pushq $__KERNEL_CS
103 leaq .Lon_kernel_cs(%rip), %rax
104 pushq %rax
105 lretq
106
107.Lon_kernel_cs:
108 UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
109
110 /* Sanitize CPU configuration */
111 call verify_cpu
112
113 /*
114 * Perform pagetable fixups. Additionally, if SME is active, encrypt
115 * the kernel and retrieve the modifier (SME encryption mask if SME
116 * is active) to be added to the initial pgdir entry that will be
117 * programmed into CR3.
118 */
119 leaq _text(%rip), %rdi
120 pushq %rsi
121 call __startup_64
122 popq %rsi
123
124 /* Form the CR3 value being sure to include the CR3 modifier */
125 addq $(early_top_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map), %rax
126 jmp 1f
127SYM_CODE_END(startup_64)
128
129SYM_CODE_START(secondary_startup_64)
130 UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
131 ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
132 /*
133 * At this point the CPU runs in 64bit mode CS.L = 1 CS.D = 0,
134 * and someone has loaded a mapped page table.
135 *
136 * %rsi holds a physical pointer to real_mode_data.
137 *
138 * We come here either from startup_64 (using physical addresses)
139 * or from trampoline.S (using virtual addresses).
140 *
141 * Using virtual addresses from trampoline.S removes the need
142 * to have any identity mapped pages in the kernel page table
143 * after the boot processor executes this code.
144 */
145
146 /* Sanitize CPU configuration */
147 call verify_cpu
148
149 /*
150 * The secondary_startup_64_no_verify entry point is only used by
151 * SEV-ES guests. In those guests the call to verify_cpu() would cause
152 * #VC exceptions which can not be handled at this stage of secondary
153 * CPU bringup.
154 *
155 * All non SEV-ES systems, especially Intel systems, need to execute
156 * verify_cpu() above to make sure NX is enabled.
157 */
158SYM_INNER_LABEL(secondary_startup_64_no_verify, SYM_L_GLOBAL)
159 UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
160 ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
161
162 /*
163 * Retrieve the modifier (SME encryption mask if SME is active) to be
164 * added to the initial pgdir entry that will be programmed into CR3.
165 */
166#ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
167 movq sme_me_mask, %rax
168#else
169 xorq %rax, %rax
170#endif
171
172 /* Form the CR3 value being sure to include the CR3 modifier */
173 addq $(init_top_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map), %rax
1741:
175
176#ifdef CONFIG_X86_MCE
177 /*
178 * Preserve CR4.MCE if the kernel will enable #MC support.
179 * Clearing MCE may fault in some environments (that also force #MC
180 * support). Any machine check that occurs before #MC support is fully
181 * configured will crash the system regardless of the CR4.MCE value set
182 * here.
183 */
184 movq %cr4, %rcx
185 andl $X86_CR4_MCE, %ecx
186#else
187 movl $0, %ecx
188#endif
189
190 /* Enable PAE mode, PGE and LA57 */
191 orl $(X86_CR4_PAE | X86_CR4_PGE), %ecx
192#ifdef CONFIG_X86_5LEVEL
193 testl $1, __pgtable_l5_enabled(%rip)
194 jz 1f
195 orl $X86_CR4_LA57, %ecx
1961:
197#endif
198 movq %rcx, %cr4
199
200 /* Setup early boot stage 4-/5-level pagetables. */
201 addq phys_base(%rip), %rax
202
203 /*
204 * For SEV guests: Verify that the C-bit is correct. A malicious
205 * hypervisor could lie about the C-bit position to perform a ROP
206 * attack on the guest by writing to the unencrypted stack and wait for
207 * the next RET instruction.
208 * %rsi carries pointer to realmode data and is callee-clobbered. Save
209 * and restore it.
210 */
211 pushq %rsi
212 movq %rax, %rdi
213 call sev_verify_cbit
214 popq %rsi
215
216 /*
217 * Switch to new page-table
218 *
219 * For the boot CPU this switches to early_top_pgt which still has the
220 * indentity mappings present. The secondary CPUs will switch to the
221 * init_top_pgt here, away from the trampoline_pgd and unmap the
222 * indentity mapped ranges.
223 */
224 movq %rax, %cr3
225
226 /*
227 * Do a global TLB flush after the CR3 switch to make sure the TLB
228 * entries from the identity mapping are flushed.
229 */
230 movq %cr4, %rcx
231 movq %rcx, %rax
232 xorq $X86_CR4_PGE, %rcx
233 movq %rcx, %cr4
234 movq %rax, %cr4
235
236 /* Ensure I am executing from virtual addresses */
237 movq $1f, %rax
238 ANNOTATE_RETPOLINE_SAFE
239 jmp *%rax
2401:
241 UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
242 ANNOTATE_NOENDBR // above
243
244 /*
245 * We must switch to a new descriptor in kernel space for the GDT
246 * because soon the kernel won't have access anymore to the userspace
247 * addresses where we're currently running on. We have to do that here
248 * because in 32bit we couldn't load a 64bit linear address.
249 */
250 lgdt early_gdt_descr(%rip)
251
252 /* set up data segments */
253 xorl %eax,%eax
254 movl %eax,%ds
255 movl %eax,%ss
256 movl %eax,%es
257
258 /*
259 * We don't really need to load %fs or %gs, but load them anyway
260 * to kill any stale realmode selectors. This allows execution
261 * under VT hardware.
262 */
263 movl %eax,%fs
264 movl %eax,%gs
265
266 /* Set up %gs.
267 *
268 * The base of %gs always points to fixed_percpu_data. If the
269 * stack protector canary is enabled, it is located at %gs:40.
270 * Note that, on SMP, the boot cpu uses init data section until
271 * the per cpu areas are set up.
272 */
273 movl $MSR_GS_BASE,%ecx
274 movl initial_gs(%rip),%eax
275 movl initial_gs+4(%rip),%edx
276 wrmsr
277
278 /*
279 * Setup a boot time stack - Any secondary CPU will have lost its stack
280 * by now because the cr3-switch above unmaps the real-mode stack
281 */
282 movq initial_stack(%rip), %rsp
283
284 /* Setup and Load IDT */
285 pushq %rsi
286 call early_setup_idt
287 popq %rsi
288
289 /* Check if nx is implemented */
290 movl $0x80000001, %eax
291 cpuid
292 movl %edx,%edi
293
294 /* Setup EFER (Extended Feature Enable Register) */
295 movl $MSR_EFER, %ecx
296 rdmsr
297 /*
298 * Preserve current value of EFER for comparison and to skip
299 * EFER writes if no change was made (for TDX guest)
300 */
301 movl %eax, %edx
302 btsl $_EFER_SCE, %eax /* Enable System Call */
303 btl $20,%edi /* No Execute supported? */
304 jnc 1f
305 btsl $_EFER_NX, %eax
306 btsq $_PAGE_BIT_NX,early_pmd_flags(%rip)
307
308 /* Avoid writing EFER if no change was made (for TDX guest) */
3091: cmpl %edx, %eax
310 je 1f
311 xor %edx, %edx
312 wrmsr /* Make changes effective */
3131:
314 /* Setup cr0 */
315 movl $CR0_STATE, %eax
316 /* Make changes effective */
317 movq %rax, %cr0
318
319 /* zero EFLAGS after setting rsp */
320 pushq $0
321 popfq
322
323 /* rsi is pointer to real mode structure with interesting info.
324 pass it to C */
325 movq %rsi, %rdi
326
327.Ljump_to_C_code:
328 /*
329 * Jump to run C code and to be on a real kernel address.
330 * Since we are running on identity-mapped space we have to jump
331 * to the full 64bit address, this is only possible as indirect
332 * jump. In addition we need to ensure %cs is set so we make this
333 * a far return.
334 *
335 * Note: do not change to far jump indirect with 64bit offset.
336 *
337 * AMD does not support far jump indirect with 64bit offset.
338 * AMD64 Architecture Programmer's Manual, Volume 3: states only
339 * JMP FAR mem16:16 FF /5 Far jump indirect,
340 * with the target specified by a far pointer in memory.
341 * JMP FAR mem16:32 FF /5 Far jump indirect,
342 * with the target specified by a far pointer in memory.
343 *
344 * Intel64 does support 64bit offset.
345 * Software Developer Manual Vol 2: states:
346 * FF /5 JMP m16:16 Jump far, absolute indirect,
347 * address given in m16:16
348 * FF /5 JMP m16:32 Jump far, absolute indirect,
349 * address given in m16:32.
350 * REX.W + FF /5 JMP m16:64 Jump far, absolute indirect,
351 * address given in m16:64.
352 */
353 pushq $.Lafter_lret # put return address on stack for unwinder
354 xorl %ebp, %ebp # clear frame pointer
355 movq initial_code(%rip), %rax
356 pushq $__KERNEL_CS # set correct cs
357 pushq %rax # target address in negative space
358 lretq
359.Lafter_lret:
360 ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
361SYM_CODE_END(secondary_startup_64)
362
363#include "verify_cpu.S"
364#include "sev_verify_cbit.S"
365
366#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
367/*
368 * Boot CPU0 entry point. It's called from play_dead(). Everything has been set
369 * up already except stack. We just set up stack here. Then call
370 * start_secondary() via .Ljump_to_C_code.
371 */
372SYM_CODE_START(start_cpu0)
373 ANNOTATE_NOENDBR
374 UNWIND_HINT_EMPTY
375 movq initial_stack(%rip), %rsp
376 jmp .Ljump_to_C_code
377SYM_CODE_END(start_cpu0)
378#endif
379
380#ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
381/*
382 * VC Exception handler used during early boot when running on kernel
383 * addresses, but before the switch to the idt_table can be made.
384 * The early_idt_handler_array can't be used here because it calls into a lot
385 * of __init code and this handler is also used during CPU offlining/onlining.
386 * Therefore this handler ends up in the .text section so that it stays around
387 * when .init.text is freed.
388 */
389SYM_CODE_START_NOALIGN(vc_boot_ghcb)
390 UNWIND_HINT_IRET_REGS offset=8
391 ENDBR
392
393 ANNOTATE_UNRET_END
394
395 /* Build pt_regs */
396 PUSH_AND_CLEAR_REGS
397
398 /* Call C handler */
399 movq %rsp, %rdi
400 movq ORIG_RAX(%rsp), %rsi
401 movq initial_vc_handler(%rip), %rax
402 ANNOTATE_RETPOLINE_SAFE
403 call *%rax
404
405 /* Unwind pt_regs */
406 POP_REGS
407
408 /* Remove Error Code */
409 addq $8, %rsp
410
411 iretq
412SYM_CODE_END(vc_boot_ghcb)
413#endif
414
415 /* Both SMP bootup and ACPI suspend change these variables */
416 __REFDATA
417 .balign 8
418SYM_DATA(initial_code, .quad x86_64_start_kernel)
419SYM_DATA(initial_gs, .quad INIT_PER_CPU_VAR(fixed_percpu_data))
420#ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
421SYM_DATA(initial_vc_handler, .quad handle_vc_boot_ghcb)
422#endif
423
424/*
425 * The FRAME_SIZE gap is a convention which helps the in-kernel unwinder
426 * reliably detect the end of the stack.
427 */
428SYM_DATA(initial_stack, .quad init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE - FRAME_SIZE)
429 __FINITDATA
430
431 __INIT
432SYM_CODE_START(early_idt_handler_array)
433 i = 0
434 .rept NUM_EXCEPTION_VECTORS
435 .if ((EXCEPTION_ERRCODE_MASK >> i) & 1) == 0
436 UNWIND_HINT_IRET_REGS
437 ENDBR
438 pushq $0 # Dummy error code, to make stack frame uniform
439 .else
440 UNWIND_HINT_IRET_REGS offset=8
441 ENDBR
442 .endif
443 pushq $i # 72(%rsp) Vector number
444 jmp early_idt_handler_common
445 UNWIND_HINT_IRET_REGS
446 i = i + 1
447 .fill early_idt_handler_array + i*EARLY_IDT_HANDLER_SIZE - ., 1, 0xcc
448 .endr
449SYM_CODE_END(early_idt_handler_array)
450 ANNOTATE_NOENDBR // early_idt_handler_array[NUM_EXCEPTION_VECTORS]
451
452SYM_CODE_START_LOCAL(early_idt_handler_common)
453 UNWIND_HINT_IRET_REGS offset=16
454 ANNOTATE_UNRET_END
455 /*
456 * The stack is the hardware frame, an error code or zero, and the
457 * vector number.
458 */
459 cld
460
461 incl early_recursion_flag(%rip)
462
463 /* The vector number is currently in the pt_regs->di slot. */
464 pushq %rsi /* pt_regs->si */
465 movq 8(%rsp), %rsi /* RSI = vector number */
466 movq %rdi, 8(%rsp) /* pt_regs->di = RDI */
467 pushq %rdx /* pt_regs->dx */
468 pushq %rcx /* pt_regs->cx */
469 pushq %rax /* pt_regs->ax */
470 pushq %r8 /* pt_regs->r8 */
471 pushq %r9 /* pt_regs->r9 */
472 pushq %r10 /* pt_regs->r10 */
473 pushq %r11 /* pt_regs->r11 */
474 pushq %rbx /* pt_regs->bx */
475 pushq %rbp /* pt_regs->bp */
476 pushq %r12 /* pt_regs->r12 */
477 pushq %r13 /* pt_regs->r13 */
478 pushq %r14 /* pt_regs->r14 */
479 pushq %r15 /* pt_regs->r15 */
480 UNWIND_HINT_REGS
481
482 movq %rsp,%rdi /* RDI = pt_regs; RSI is already trapnr */
483 call do_early_exception
484
485 decl early_recursion_flag(%rip)
486 jmp restore_regs_and_return_to_kernel
487SYM_CODE_END(early_idt_handler_common)
488
489#ifdef CONFIG_AMD_MEM_ENCRYPT
490/*
491 * VC Exception handler used during very early boot. The
492 * early_idt_handler_array can't be used because it returns via the
493 * paravirtualized INTERRUPT_RETURN and pv-ops don't work that early.
494 *
495 * XXX it does, fix this.
496 *
497 * This handler will end up in the .init.text section and not be
498 * available to boot secondary CPUs.
499 */
500SYM_CODE_START_NOALIGN(vc_no_ghcb)
501 UNWIND_HINT_IRET_REGS offset=8
502 ENDBR
503
504 ANNOTATE_UNRET_END
505
506 /* Build pt_regs */
507 PUSH_AND_CLEAR_REGS
508
509 /* Call C handler */
510 movq %rsp, %rdi
511 movq ORIG_RAX(%rsp), %rsi
512 call do_vc_no_ghcb
513
514 /* Unwind pt_regs */
515 POP_REGS
516
517 /* Remove Error Code */
518 addq $8, %rsp
519
520 /* Pure iret required here - don't use INTERRUPT_RETURN */
521 iretq
522SYM_CODE_END(vc_no_ghcb)
523#endif
524
525#define SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(name) \
526 SYM_START(name, SYM_L_GLOBAL, .balign PAGE_SIZE)
527
528#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_ISOLATION
529/*
530 * Each PGD needs to be 8k long and 8k aligned. We do not
531 * ever go out to userspace with these, so we do not
532 * strictly *need* the second page, but this allows us to
533 * have a single set_pgd() implementation that does not
534 * need to worry about whether it has 4k or 8k to work
535 * with.
536 *
537 * This ensures PGDs are 8k long:
538 */
539#define PTI_USER_PGD_FILL 512
540/* This ensures they are 8k-aligned: */
541#define SYM_DATA_START_PTI_ALIGNED(name) \
542 SYM_START(name, SYM_L_GLOBAL, .balign 2 * PAGE_SIZE)
543#else
544#define SYM_DATA_START_PTI_ALIGNED(name) \
545 SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(name)
546#define PTI_USER_PGD_FILL 0
547#endif
548
549/* Automate the creation of 1 to 1 mapping pmd entries */
550#define PMDS(START, PERM, COUNT) \
551 i = 0 ; \
552 .rept (COUNT) ; \
553 .quad (START) + (i << PMD_SHIFT) + (PERM) ; \
554 i = i + 1 ; \
555 .endr
556
557 __INITDATA
558 .balign 4
559
560SYM_DATA_START_PTI_ALIGNED(early_top_pgt)
561 .fill 512,8,0
562 .fill PTI_USER_PGD_FILL,8,0
563SYM_DATA_END(early_top_pgt)
564
565SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(early_dynamic_pgts)
566 .fill 512*EARLY_DYNAMIC_PAGE_TABLES,8,0
567SYM_DATA_END(early_dynamic_pgts)
568
569SYM_DATA(early_recursion_flag, .long 0)
570
571 .data
572
573#if defined(CONFIG_XEN_PV) || defined(CONFIG_PVH)
574SYM_DATA_START_PTI_ALIGNED(init_top_pgt)
575 .quad level3_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE_NOENC
576 .org init_top_pgt + L4_PAGE_OFFSET*8, 0
577 .quad level3_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE_NOENC
578 .org init_top_pgt + L4_START_KERNEL*8, 0
579 /* (2^48-(2*1024*1024*1024))/(2^39) = 511 */
580 .quad level3_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE_NOENC
581 .fill PTI_USER_PGD_FILL,8,0
582SYM_DATA_END(init_top_pgt)
583
584SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(level3_ident_pgt)
585 .quad level2_ident_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE_NOENC
586 .fill 511, 8, 0
587SYM_DATA_END(level3_ident_pgt)
588SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(level2_ident_pgt)
589 /*
590 * Since I easily can, map the first 1G.
591 * Don't set NX because code runs from these pages.
592 *
593 * Note: This sets _PAGE_GLOBAL despite whether
594 * the CPU supports it or it is enabled. But,
595 * the CPU should ignore the bit.
596 */
597 PMDS(0, __PAGE_KERNEL_IDENT_LARGE_EXEC, PTRS_PER_PMD)
598SYM_DATA_END(level2_ident_pgt)
599#else
600SYM_DATA_START_PTI_ALIGNED(init_top_pgt)
601 .fill 512,8,0
602 .fill PTI_USER_PGD_FILL,8,0
603SYM_DATA_END(init_top_pgt)
604#endif
605
606#ifdef CONFIG_X86_5LEVEL
607SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(level4_kernel_pgt)
608 .fill 511,8,0
609 .quad level3_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE_NOENC
610SYM_DATA_END(level4_kernel_pgt)
611#endif
612
613SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(level3_kernel_pgt)
614 .fill L3_START_KERNEL,8,0
615 /* (2^48-(2*1024*1024*1024)-((2^39)*511))/(2^30) = 510 */
616 .quad level2_kernel_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _KERNPG_TABLE_NOENC
617 .quad level2_fixmap_pgt - __START_KERNEL_map + _PAGE_TABLE_NOENC
618SYM_DATA_END(level3_kernel_pgt)
619
620SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(level2_kernel_pgt)
621 /*
622 * Kernel high mapping.
623 *
624 * The kernel code+data+bss must be located below KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE in
625 * virtual address space, which is 1 GiB if RANDOMIZE_BASE is enabled,
626 * 512 MiB otherwise.
627 *
628 * (NOTE: after that starts the module area, see MODULES_VADDR.)
629 *
630 * This table is eventually used by the kernel during normal runtime.
631 * Care must be taken to clear out undesired bits later, like _PAGE_RW
632 * or _PAGE_GLOBAL in some cases.
633 */
634 PMDS(0, __PAGE_KERNEL_LARGE_EXEC, KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE/PMD_SIZE)
635SYM_DATA_END(level2_kernel_pgt)
636
637SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(level2_fixmap_pgt)
638 .fill (512 - 4 - FIXMAP_PMD_NUM),8,0
639 pgtno = 0
640 .rept (FIXMAP_PMD_NUM)
641 .quad level1_fixmap_pgt + (pgtno << PAGE_SHIFT) - __START_KERNEL_map \
642 + _PAGE_TABLE_NOENC;
643 pgtno = pgtno + 1
644 .endr
645 /* 6 MB reserved space + a 2MB hole */
646 .fill 4,8,0
647SYM_DATA_END(level2_fixmap_pgt)
648
649SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(level1_fixmap_pgt)
650 .rept (FIXMAP_PMD_NUM)
651 .fill 512,8,0
652 .endr
653SYM_DATA_END(level1_fixmap_pgt)
654
655#undef PMDS
656
657 .data
658 .align 16
659
660SYM_DATA(early_gdt_descr, .word GDT_ENTRIES*8-1)
661SYM_DATA_LOCAL(early_gdt_descr_base, .quad INIT_PER_CPU_VAR(gdt_page))
662
663 .align 16
664/* This must match the first entry in level2_kernel_pgt */
665SYM_DATA(phys_base, .quad 0x0)
666EXPORT_SYMBOL(phys_base)
667
668#include "../../x86/xen/xen-head.S"
669
670 __PAGE_ALIGNED_BSS
671SYM_DATA_START_PAGE_ALIGNED(empty_zero_page)
672 .skip PAGE_SIZE
673SYM_DATA_END(empty_zero_page)
674EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page)
675