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v4.6
 
  1/* mpihelp-mul.c  -  MPI helper functions
  2 * Copyright (C) 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999,
  3 *               2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  4 *
  5 * This file is part of GnuPG.
  6 *
  7 * GnuPG is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  9 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 10 * (at your option) any later version.
 11 *
 12 * GnuPG is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 16 *
 17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 18 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 19 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
 20 *
 21 * Note: This code is heavily based on the GNU MP Library.
 22 *	 Actually it's the same code with only minor changes in the
 23 *	 way the data is stored; this is to support the abstraction
 24 *	 of an optional secure memory allocation which may be used
 25 *	 to avoid revealing of sensitive data due to paging etc.
 26 *	 The GNU MP Library itself is published under the LGPL;
 27 *	 however I decided to publish this code under the plain GPL.
 28 */
 29
 30#include <linux/string.h>
 31#include "mpi-internal.h"
 32#include "longlong.h"
 33
 34#define MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, vp, size, tspace)		\
 35	do {							\
 36		if ((size) < KARATSUBA_THRESHOLD)		\
 37			mul_n_basecase(prodp, up, vp, size);	\
 38		else						\
 39			mul_n(prodp, up, vp, size, tspace);	\
 40	} while (0);
 41
 42#define MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, size, tspace)		\
 43	do {							\
 44		if ((size) < KARATSUBA_THRESHOLD)		\
 45			mpih_sqr_n_basecase(prodp, up, size);	\
 46		else						\
 47			mpih_sqr_n(prodp, up, size, tspace);	\
 48	} while (0);
 49
 50/* Multiply the natural numbers u (pointed to by UP) and v (pointed to by VP),
 51 * both with SIZE limbs, and store the result at PRODP.  2 * SIZE limbs are
 52 * always stored.  Return the most significant limb.
 53 *
 54 * Argument constraints:
 55 * 1. PRODP != UP and PRODP != VP, i.e. the destination
 56 *    must be distinct from the multiplier and the multiplicand.
 57 *
 58 *
 59 * Handle simple cases with traditional multiplication.
 60 *
 61 * This is the most critical code of multiplication.  All multiplies rely
 62 * on this, both small and huge.  Small ones arrive here immediately.  Huge
 63 * ones arrive here as this is the base case for Karatsuba's recursive
 64 * algorithm below.
 65 */
 66
 67static mpi_limb_t
 68mul_n_basecase(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_ptr_t vp, mpi_size_t size)
 69{
 70	mpi_size_t i;
 71	mpi_limb_t cy;
 72	mpi_limb_t v_limb;
 73
 74	/* Multiply by the first limb in V separately, as the result can be
 75	 * stored (not added) to PROD.  We also avoid a loop for zeroing.  */
 76	v_limb = vp[0];
 77	if (v_limb <= 1) {
 78		if (v_limb == 1)
 79			MPN_COPY(prodp, up, size);
 80		else
 81			MPN_ZERO(prodp, size);
 82		cy = 0;
 83	} else
 84		cy = mpihelp_mul_1(prodp, up, size, v_limb);
 85
 86	prodp[size] = cy;
 87	prodp++;
 88
 89	/* For each iteration in the outer loop, multiply one limb from
 90	 * U with one limb from V, and add it to PROD.  */
 91	for (i = 1; i < size; i++) {
 92		v_limb = vp[i];
 93		if (v_limb <= 1) {
 94			cy = 0;
 95			if (v_limb == 1)
 96				cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, up, size);
 97		} else
 98			cy = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp, up, size, v_limb);
 99
100		prodp[size] = cy;
101		prodp++;
102	}
103
104	return cy;
105}
106
107static void
108mul_n(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_ptr_t vp,
109		mpi_size_t size, mpi_ptr_t tspace)
110{
111	if (size & 1) {
112		/* The size is odd, and the code below doesn't handle that.
113		 * Multiply the least significant (size - 1) limbs with a recursive
114		 * call, and handle the most significant limb of S1 and S2
115		 * separately.
116		 * A slightly faster way to do this would be to make the Karatsuba
117		 * code below behave as if the size were even, and let it check for
118		 * odd size in the end.  I.e., in essence move this code to the end.
119		 * Doing so would save us a recursive call, and potentially make the
120		 * stack grow a lot less.
121		 */
122		mpi_size_t esize = size - 1;	/* even size */
123		mpi_limb_t cy_limb;
124
125		MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, vp, esize, tspace);
126		cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp + esize, up, esize, vp[esize]);
127		prodp[esize + esize] = cy_limb;
128		cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp + esize, vp, size, up[esize]);
129		prodp[esize + size] = cy_limb;
130	} else {
131		/* Anatolij Alekseevich Karatsuba's divide-and-conquer algorithm.
132		 *
133		 * Split U in two pieces, U1 and U0, such that
134		 * U = U0 + U1*(B**n),
135		 * and V in V1 and V0, such that
136		 * V = V0 + V1*(B**n).
137		 *
138		 * UV is then computed recursively using the identity
139		 *
140		 *        2n   n          n                     n
141		 * UV = (B  + B )U V  +  B (U -U )(V -V )  +  (B + 1)U V
142		 *                1 1        1  0   0  1              0 0
143		 *
144		 * Where B = 2**BITS_PER_MP_LIMB.
145		 */
146		mpi_size_t hsize = size >> 1;
147		mpi_limb_t cy;
148		int negflg;
149
150		/* Product H.      ________________  ________________
151		 *                |_____U1 x V1____||____U0 x V0_____|
152		 * Put result in upper part of PROD and pass low part of TSPACE
153		 * as new TSPACE.
154		 */
155		MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(prodp + size, up + hsize, vp + hsize, hsize,
156				  tspace);
157
158		/* Product M.      ________________
159		 *                |_(U1-U0)(V0-V1)_|
160		 */
161		if (mpihelp_cmp(up + hsize, up, hsize) >= 0) {
162			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp, up + hsize, up, hsize);
163			negflg = 0;
164		} else {
165			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp, up, up + hsize, hsize);
166			negflg = 1;
167		}
168		if (mpihelp_cmp(vp + hsize, vp, hsize) >= 0) {
169			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp + hsize, vp + hsize, vp, hsize);
170			negflg ^= 1;
171		} else {
172			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp + hsize, vp, vp + hsize, hsize);
173			/* No change of NEGFLG.  */
174		}
175		/* Read temporary operands from low part of PROD.
176		 * Put result in low part of TSPACE using upper part of TSPACE
177		 * as new TSPACE.
178		 */
179		MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(tspace, prodp, prodp + hsize, hsize,
180				  tspace + size);
181
182		/* Add/copy product H. */
183		MPN_COPY(prodp + hsize, prodp + size, hsize);
184		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp + size, prodp + size,
185				   prodp + size + hsize, hsize);
186
187		/* Add product M (if NEGFLG M is a negative number) */
188		if (negflg)
189			cy -=
190			    mpihelp_sub_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace,
191					  size);
192		else
193			cy +=
194			    mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace,
195					  size);
196
197		/* Product L.      ________________  ________________
198		 *                |________________||____U0 x V0_____|
199		 * Read temporary operands from low part of PROD.
200		 * Put result in low part of TSPACE using upper part of TSPACE
201		 * as new TSPACE.
202		 */
203		MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(tspace, up, vp, hsize, tspace + size);
204
205		/* Add/copy Product L (twice) */
206
207		cy += mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace, size);
208		if (cy)
209			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + hsize + size,
210				      prodp + hsize + size, hsize, cy);
211
212		MPN_COPY(prodp, tspace, hsize);
213		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace + hsize,
214				   hsize);
215		if (cy)
216			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + size, prodp + size, size, 1);
217	}
218}
219
220void mpih_sqr_n_basecase(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_size_t size)
221{
222	mpi_size_t i;
223	mpi_limb_t cy_limb;
224	mpi_limb_t v_limb;
225
226	/* Multiply by the first limb in V separately, as the result can be
227	 * stored (not added) to PROD.  We also avoid a loop for zeroing.  */
228	v_limb = up[0];
229	if (v_limb <= 1) {
230		if (v_limb == 1)
231			MPN_COPY(prodp, up, size);
232		else
233			MPN_ZERO(prodp, size);
234		cy_limb = 0;
235	} else
236		cy_limb = mpihelp_mul_1(prodp, up, size, v_limb);
237
238	prodp[size] = cy_limb;
239	prodp++;
240
241	/* For each iteration in the outer loop, multiply one limb from
242	 * U with one limb from V, and add it to PROD.  */
243	for (i = 1; i < size; i++) {
244		v_limb = up[i];
245		if (v_limb <= 1) {
246			cy_limb = 0;
247			if (v_limb == 1)
248				cy_limb = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, up, size);
249		} else
250			cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp, up, size, v_limb);
251
252		prodp[size] = cy_limb;
253		prodp++;
254	}
255}
256
257void
258mpih_sqr_n(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_size_t size, mpi_ptr_t tspace)
259{
260	if (size & 1) {
261		/* The size is odd, and the code below doesn't handle that.
262		 * Multiply the least significant (size - 1) limbs with a recursive
263		 * call, and handle the most significant limb of S1 and S2
264		 * separately.
265		 * A slightly faster way to do this would be to make the Karatsuba
266		 * code below behave as if the size were even, and let it check for
267		 * odd size in the end.  I.e., in essence move this code to the end.
268		 * Doing so would save us a recursive call, and potentially make the
269		 * stack grow a lot less.
270		 */
271		mpi_size_t esize = size - 1;	/* even size */
272		mpi_limb_t cy_limb;
273
274		MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, esize, tspace);
275		cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp + esize, up, esize, up[esize]);
276		prodp[esize + esize] = cy_limb;
277		cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp + esize, up, size, up[esize]);
278
279		prodp[esize + size] = cy_limb;
280	} else {
281		mpi_size_t hsize = size >> 1;
282		mpi_limb_t cy;
283
284		/* Product H.      ________________  ________________
285		 *                |_____U1 x U1____||____U0 x U0_____|
286		 * Put result in upper part of PROD and pass low part of TSPACE
287		 * as new TSPACE.
288		 */
289		MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(prodp + size, up + hsize, hsize, tspace);
290
291		/* Product M.      ________________
292		 *                |_(U1-U0)(U0-U1)_|
293		 */
294		if (mpihelp_cmp(up + hsize, up, hsize) >= 0)
295			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp, up + hsize, up, hsize);
296		else
297			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp, up, up + hsize, hsize);
298
299		/* Read temporary operands from low part of PROD.
300		 * Put result in low part of TSPACE using upper part of TSPACE
301		 * as new TSPACE.  */
302		MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(tspace, prodp, hsize, tspace + size);
303
304		/* Add/copy product H  */
305		MPN_COPY(prodp + hsize, prodp + size, hsize);
306		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp + size, prodp + size,
307				   prodp + size + hsize, hsize);
308
309		/* Add product M (if NEGFLG M is a negative number).  */
310		cy -= mpihelp_sub_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace, size);
311
312		/* Product L.      ________________  ________________
313		 *                |________________||____U0 x U0_____|
314		 * Read temporary operands from low part of PROD.
315		 * Put result in low part of TSPACE using upper part of TSPACE
316		 * as new TSPACE.  */
317		MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(tspace, up, hsize, tspace + size);
318
319		/* Add/copy Product L (twice).  */
320		cy += mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace, size);
321		if (cy)
322			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + hsize + size,
323				      prodp + hsize + size, hsize, cy);
324
325		MPN_COPY(prodp, tspace, hsize);
326		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace + hsize,
327				   hsize);
328		if (cy)
329			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + size, prodp + size, size, 1);
330	}
331}
332
333int
334mpihelp_mul_karatsuba_case(mpi_ptr_t prodp,
335			   mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_size_t usize,
336			   mpi_ptr_t vp, mpi_size_t vsize,
337			   struct karatsuba_ctx *ctx)
338{
339	mpi_limb_t cy;
340
341	if (!ctx->tspace || ctx->tspace_size < vsize) {
342		if (ctx->tspace)
343			mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tspace);
344		ctx->tspace = mpi_alloc_limb_space(2 * vsize);
345		if (!ctx->tspace)
346			return -ENOMEM;
347		ctx->tspace_size = vsize;
348	}
349
350	MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, vp, vsize, ctx->tspace);
351
352	prodp += vsize;
353	up += vsize;
354	usize -= vsize;
355	if (usize >= vsize) {
356		if (!ctx->tp || ctx->tp_size < vsize) {
357			if (ctx->tp)
358				mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tp);
359			ctx->tp = mpi_alloc_limb_space(2 * vsize);
360			if (!ctx->tp) {
361				if (ctx->tspace)
362					mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tspace);
363				ctx->tspace = NULL;
364				return -ENOMEM;
365			}
366			ctx->tp_size = vsize;
367		}
368
369		do {
370			MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(ctx->tp, up, vp, vsize, ctx->tspace);
371			cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, ctx->tp, vsize);
372			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + vsize, ctx->tp + vsize, vsize,
373				      cy);
374			prodp += vsize;
375			up += vsize;
376			usize -= vsize;
377		} while (usize >= vsize);
378	}
379
380	if (usize) {
381		if (usize < KARATSUBA_THRESHOLD) {
382			mpi_limb_t tmp;
383			if (mpihelp_mul(ctx->tspace, vp, vsize, up, usize, &tmp)
384			    < 0)
385				return -ENOMEM;
386		} else {
387			if (!ctx->next) {
388				ctx->next = kzalloc(sizeof *ctx, GFP_KERNEL);
389				if (!ctx->next)
390					return -ENOMEM;
391			}
392			if (mpihelp_mul_karatsuba_case(ctx->tspace,
393						       vp, vsize,
394						       up, usize,
395						       ctx->next) < 0)
396				return -ENOMEM;
397		}
398
399		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, ctx->tspace, vsize);
400		mpihelp_add_1(prodp + vsize, ctx->tspace + vsize, usize, cy);
401	}
402
403	return 0;
404}
405
406void mpihelp_release_karatsuba_ctx(struct karatsuba_ctx *ctx)
407{
408	struct karatsuba_ctx *ctx2;
409
410	if (ctx->tp)
411		mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tp);
412	if (ctx->tspace)
413		mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tspace);
414	for (ctx = ctx->next; ctx; ctx = ctx2) {
415		ctx2 = ctx->next;
416		if (ctx->tp)
417			mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tp);
418		if (ctx->tspace)
419			mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tspace);
420		kfree(ctx);
421	}
422}
423
424/* Multiply the natural numbers u (pointed to by UP, with USIZE limbs)
425 * and v (pointed to by VP, with VSIZE limbs), and store the result at
426 * PRODP.  USIZE + VSIZE limbs are always stored, but if the input
427 * operands are normalized.  Return the most significant limb of the
428 * result.
429 *
430 * NOTE: The space pointed to by PRODP is overwritten before finished
431 * with U and V, so overlap is an error.
432 *
433 * Argument constraints:
434 * 1. USIZE >= VSIZE.
435 * 2. PRODP != UP and PRODP != VP, i.e. the destination
436 *    must be distinct from the multiplier and the multiplicand.
437 */
438
439int
440mpihelp_mul(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_size_t usize,
441	    mpi_ptr_t vp, mpi_size_t vsize, mpi_limb_t *_result)
442{
443	mpi_ptr_t prod_endp = prodp + usize + vsize - 1;
444	mpi_limb_t cy;
445	struct karatsuba_ctx ctx;
446
447	if (vsize < KARATSUBA_THRESHOLD) {
448		mpi_size_t i;
449		mpi_limb_t v_limb;
450
451		if (!vsize) {
452			*_result = 0;
453			return 0;
454		}
455
456		/* Multiply by the first limb in V separately, as the result can be
457		 * stored (not added) to PROD.  We also avoid a loop for zeroing.  */
458		v_limb = vp[0];
459		if (v_limb <= 1) {
460			if (v_limb == 1)
461				MPN_COPY(prodp, up, usize);
462			else
463				MPN_ZERO(prodp, usize);
464			cy = 0;
465		} else
466			cy = mpihelp_mul_1(prodp, up, usize, v_limb);
467
468		prodp[usize] = cy;
469		prodp++;
470
471		/* For each iteration in the outer loop, multiply one limb from
472		 * U with one limb from V, and add it to PROD.  */
473		for (i = 1; i < vsize; i++) {
474			v_limb = vp[i];
475			if (v_limb <= 1) {
476				cy = 0;
477				if (v_limb == 1)
478					cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, up,
479							   usize);
480			} else
481				cy = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp, up, usize, v_limb);
482
483			prodp[usize] = cy;
484			prodp++;
485		}
486
487		*_result = cy;
488		return 0;
489	}
490
491	memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof ctx);
492	if (mpihelp_mul_karatsuba_case(prodp, up, usize, vp, vsize, &ctx) < 0)
493		return -ENOMEM;
494	mpihelp_release_karatsuba_ctx(&ctx);
495	*_result = *prod_endp;
496	return 0;
497}
v5.4
  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
  2/* mpihelp-mul.c  -  MPI helper functions
  3 * Copyright (C) 1994, 1996, 1998, 1999,
  4 *               2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
  5 *
  6 * This file is part of GnuPG.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  7 *
  8 * Note: This code is heavily based on the GNU MP Library.
  9 *	 Actually it's the same code with only minor changes in the
 10 *	 way the data is stored; this is to support the abstraction
 11 *	 of an optional secure memory allocation which may be used
 12 *	 to avoid revealing of sensitive data due to paging etc.
 13 *	 The GNU MP Library itself is published under the LGPL;
 14 *	 however I decided to publish this code under the plain GPL.
 15 */
 16
 17#include <linux/string.h>
 18#include "mpi-internal.h"
 19#include "longlong.h"
 20
 21#define MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, vp, size, tspace)		\
 22	do {							\
 23		if ((size) < KARATSUBA_THRESHOLD)		\
 24			mul_n_basecase(prodp, up, vp, size);	\
 25		else						\
 26			mul_n(prodp, up, vp, size, tspace);	\
 27	} while (0);
 28
 29#define MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, size, tspace)		\
 30	do {							\
 31		if ((size) < KARATSUBA_THRESHOLD)		\
 32			mpih_sqr_n_basecase(prodp, up, size);	\
 33		else						\
 34			mpih_sqr_n(prodp, up, size, tspace);	\
 35	} while (0);
 36
 37/* Multiply the natural numbers u (pointed to by UP) and v (pointed to by VP),
 38 * both with SIZE limbs, and store the result at PRODP.  2 * SIZE limbs are
 39 * always stored.  Return the most significant limb.
 40 *
 41 * Argument constraints:
 42 * 1. PRODP != UP and PRODP != VP, i.e. the destination
 43 *    must be distinct from the multiplier and the multiplicand.
 44 *
 45 *
 46 * Handle simple cases with traditional multiplication.
 47 *
 48 * This is the most critical code of multiplication.  All multiplies rely
 49 * on this, both small and huge.  Small ones arrive here immediately.  Huge
 50 * ones arrive here as this is the base case for Karatsuba's recursive
 51 * algorithm below.
 52 */
 53
 54static mpi_limb_t
 55mul_n_basecase(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_ptr_t vp, mpi_size_t size)
 56{
 57	mpi_size_t i;
 58	mpi_limb_t cy;
 59	mpi_limb_t v_limb;
 60
 61	/* Multiply by the first limb in V separately, as the result can be
 62	 * stored (not added) to PROD.  We also avoid a loop for zeroing.  */
 63	v_limb = vp[0];
 64	if (v_limb <= 1) {
 65		if (v_limb == 1)
 66			MPN_COPY(prodp, up, size);
 67		else
 68			MPN_ZERO(prodp, size);
 69		cy = 0;
 70	} else
 71		cy = mpihelp_mul_1(prodp, up, size, v_limb);
 72
 73	prodp[size] = cy;
 74	prodp++;
 75
 76	/* For each iteration in the outer loop, multiply one limb from
 77	 * U with one limb from V, and add it to PROD.  */
 78	for (i = 1; i < size; i++) {
 79		v_limb = vp[i];
 80		if (v_limb <= 1) {
 81			cy = 0;
 82			if (v_limb == 1)
 83				cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, up, size);
 84		} else
 85			cy = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp, up, size, v_limb);
 86
 87		prodp[size] = cy;
 88		prodp++;
 89	}
 90
 91	return cy;
 92}
 93
 94static void
 95mul_n(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_ptr_t vp,
 96		mpi_size_t size, mpi_ptr_t tspace)
 97{
 98	if (size & 1) {
 99		/* The size is odd, and the code below doesn't handle that.
100		 * Multiply the least significant (size - 1) limbs with a recursive
101		 * call, and handle the most significant limb of S1 and S2
102		 * separately.
103		 * A slightly faster way to do this would be to make the Karatsuba
104		 * code below behave as if the size were even, and let it check for
105		 * odd size in the end.  I.e., in essence move this code to the end.
106		 * Doing so would save us a recursive call, and potentially make the
107		 * stack grow a lot less.
108		 */
109		mpi_size_t esize = size - 1;	/* even size */
110		mpi_limb_t cy_limb;
111
112		MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, vp, esize, tspace);
113		cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp + esize, up, esize, vp[esize]);
114		prodp[esize + esize] = cy_limb;
115		cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp + esize, vp, size, up[esize]);
116		prodp[esize + size] = cy_limb;
117	} else {
118		/* Anatolij Alekseevich Karatsuba's divide-and-conquer algorithm.
119		 *
120		 * Split U in two pieces, U1 and U0, such that
121		 * U = U0 + U1*(B**n),
122		 * and V in V1 and V0, such that
123		 * V = V0 + V1*(B**n).
124		 *
125		 * UV is then computed recursively using the identity
126		 *
127		 *        2n   n          n                     n
128		 * UV = (B  + B )U V  +  B (U -U )(V -V )  +  (B + 1)U V
129		 *                1 1        1  0   0  1              0 0
130		 *
131		 * Where B = 2**BITS_PER_MP_LIMB.
132		 */
133		mpi_size_t hsize = size >> 1;
134		mpi_limb_t cy;
135		int negflg;
136
137		/* Product H.      ________________  ________________
138		 *                |_____U1 x V1____||____U0 x V0_____|
139		 * Put result in upper part of PROD and pass low part of TSPACE
140		 * as new TSPACE.
141		 */
142		MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(prodp + size, up + hsize, vp + hsize, hsize,
143				  tspace);
144
145		/* Product M.      ________________
146		 *                |_(U1-U0)(V0-V1)_|
147		 */
148		if (mpihelp_cmp(up + hsize, up, hsize) >= 0) {
149			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp, up + hsize, up, hsize);
150			negflg = 0;
151		} else {
152			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp, up, up + hsize, hsize);
153			negflg = 1;
154		}
155		if (mpihelp_cmp(vp + hsize, vp, hsize) >= 0) {
156			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp + hsize, vp + hsize, vp, hsize);
157			negflg ^= 1;
158		} else {
159			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp + hsize, vp, vp + hsize, hsize);
160			/* No change of NEGFLG.  */
161		}
162		/* Read temporary operands from low part of PROD.
163		 * Put result in low part of TSPACE using upper part of TSPACE
164		 * as new TSPACE.
165		 */
166		MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(tspace, prodp, prodp + hsize, hsize,
167				  tspace + size);
168
169		/* Add/copy product H. */
170		MPN_COPY(prodp + hsize, prodp + size, hsize);
171		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp + size, prodp + size,
172				   prodp + size + hsize, hsize);
173
174		/* Add product M (if NEGFLG M is a negative number) */
175		if (negflg)
176			cy -=
177			    mpihelp_sub_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace,
178					  size);
179		else
180			cy +=
181			    mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace,
182					  size);
183
184		/* Product L.      ________________  ________________
185		 *                |________________||____U0 x V0_____|
186		 * Read temporary operands from low part of PROD.
187		 * Put result in low part of TSPACE using upper part of TSPACE
188		 * as new TSPACE.
189		 */
190		MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(tspace, up, vp, hsize, tspace + size);
191
192		/* Add/copy Product L (twice) */
193
194		cy += mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace, size);
195		if (cy)
196			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + hsize + size,
197				      prodp + hsize + size, hsize, cy);
198
199		MPN_COPY(prodp, tspace, hsize);
200		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace + hsize,
201				   hsize);
202		if (cy)
203			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + size, prodp + size, size, 1);
204	}
205}
206
207void mpih_sqr_n_basecase(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_size_t size)
208{
209	mpi_size_t i;
210	mpi_limb_t cy_limb;
211	mpi_limb_t v_limb;
212
213	/* Multiply by the first limb in V separately, as the result can be
214	 * stored (not added) to PROD.  We also avoid a loop for zeroing.  */
215	v_limb = up[0];
216	if (v_limb <= 1) {
217		if (v_limb == 1)
218			MPN_COPY(prodp, up, size);
219		else
220			MPN_ZERO(prodp, size);
221		cy_limb = 0;
222	} else
223		cy_limb = mpihelp_mul_1(prodp, up, size, v_limb);
224
225	prodp[size] = cy_limb;
226	prodp++;
227
228	/* For each iteration in the outer loop, multiply one limb from
229	 * U with one limb from V, and add it to PROD.  */
230	for (i = 1; i < size; i++) {
231		v_limb = up[i];
232		if (v_limb <= 1) {
233			cy_limb = 0;
234			if (v_limb == 1)
235				cy_limb = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, up, size);
236		} else
237			cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp, up, size, v_limb);
238
239		prodp[size] = cy_limb;
240		prodp++;
241	}
242}
243
244void
245mpih_sqr_n(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_size_t size, mpi_ptr_t tspace)
246{
247	if (size & 1) {
248		/* The size is odd, and the code below doesn't handle that.
249		 * Multiply the least significant (size - 1) limbs with a recursive
250		 * call, and handle the most significant limb of S1 and S2
251		 * separately.
252		 * A slightly faster way to do this would be to make the Karatsuba
253		 * code below behave as if the size were even, and let it check for
254		 * odd size in the end.  I.e., in essence move this code to the end.
255		 * Doing so would save us a recursive call, and potentially make the
256		 * stack grow a lot less.
257		 */
258		mpi_size_t esize = size - 1;	/* even size */
259		mpi_limb_t cy_limb;
260
261		MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, esize, tspace);
262		cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp + esize, up, esize, up[esize]);
263		prodp[esize + esize] = cy_limb;
264		cy_limb = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp + esize, up, size, up[esize]);
265
266		prodp[esize + size] = cy_limb;
267	} else {
268		mpi_size_t hsize = size >> 1;
269		mpi_limb_t cy;
270
271		/* Product H.      ________________  ________________
272		 *                |_____U1 x U1____||____U0 x U0_____|
273		 * Put result in upper part of PROD and pass low part of TSPACE
274		 * as new TSPACE.
275		 */
276		MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(prodp + size, up + hsize, hsize, tspace);
277
278		/* Product M.      ________________
279		 *                |_(U1-U0)(U0-U1)_|
280		 */
281		if (mpihelp_cmp(up + hsize, up, hsize) >= 0)
282			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp, up + hsize, up, hsize);
283		else
284			mpihelp_sub_n(prodp, up, up + hsize, hsize);
285
286		/* Read temporary operands from low part of PROD.
287		 * Put result in low part of TSPACE using upper part of TSPACE
288		 * as new TSPACE.  */
289		MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(tspace, prodp, hsize, tspace + size);
290
291		/* Add/copy product H  */
292		MPN_COPY(prodp + hsize, prodp + size, hsize);
293		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp + size, prodp + size,
294				   prodp + size + hsize, hsize);
295
296		/* Add product M (if NEGFLG M is a negative number).  */
297		cy -= mpihelp_sub_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace, size);
298
299		/* Product L.      ________________  ________________
300		 *                |________________||____U0 x U0_____|
301		 * Read temporary operands from low part of PROD.
302		 * Put result in low part of TSPACE using upper part of TSPACE
303		 * as new TSPACE.  */
304		MPN_SQR_N_RECURSE(tspace, up, hsize, tspace + size);
305
306		/* Add/copy Product L (twice).  */
307		cy += mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace, size);
308		if (cy)
309			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + hsize + size,
310				      prodp + hsize + size, hsize, cy);
311
312		MPN_COPY(prodp, tspace, hsize);
313		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp + hsize, prodp + hsize, tspace + hsize,
314				   hsize);
315		if (cy)
316			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + size, prodp + size, size, 1);
317	}
318}
319
320int
321mpihelp_mul_karatsuba_case(mpi_ptr_t prodp,
322			   mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_size_t usize,
323			   mpi_ptr_t vp, mpi_size_t vsize,
324			   struct karatsuba_ctx *ctx)
325{
326	mpi_limb_t cy;
327
328	if (!ctx->tspace || ctx->tspace_size < vsize) {
329		if (ctx->tspace)
330			mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tspace);
331		ctx->tspace = mpi_alloc_limb_space(2 * vsize);
332		if (!ctx->tspace)
333			return -ENOMEM;
334		ctx->tspace_size = vsize;
335	}
336
337	MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(prodp, up, vp, vsize, ctx->tspace);
338
339	prodp += vsize;
340	up += vsize;
341	usize -= vsize;
342	if (usize >= vsize) {
343		if (!ctx->tp || ctx->tp_size < vsize) {
344			if (ctx->tp)
345				mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tp);
346			ctx->tp = mpi_alloc_limb_space(2 * vsize);
347			if (!ctx->tp) {
348				if (ctx->tspace)
349					mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tspace);
350				ctx->tspace = NULL;
351				return -ENOMEM;
352			}
353			ctx->tp_size = vsize;
354		}
355
356		do {
357			MPN_MUL_N_RECURSE(ctx->tp, up, vp, vsize, ctx->tspace);
358			cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, ctx->tp, vsize);
359			mpihelp_add_1(prodp + vsize, ctx->tp + vsize, vsize,
360				      cy);
361			prodp += vsize;
362			up += vsize;
363			usize -= vsize;
364		} while (usize >= vsize);
365	}
366
367	if (usize) {
368		if (usize < KARATSUBA_THRESHOLD) {
369			mpi_limb_t tmp;
370			if (mpihelp_mul(ctx->tspace, vp, vsize, up, usize, &tmp)
371			    < 0)
372				return -ENOMEM;
373		} else {
374			if (!ctx->next) {
375				ctx->next = kzalloc(sizeof *ctx, GFP_KERNEL);
376				if (!ctx->next)
377					return -ENOMEM;
378			}
379			if (mpihelp_mul_karatsuba_case(ctx->tspace,
380						       vp, vsize,
381						       up, usize,
382						       ctx->next) < 0)
383				return -ENOMEM;
384		}
385
386		cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, ctx->tspace, vsize);
387		mpihelp_add_1(prodp + vsize, ctx->tspace + vsize, usize, cy);
388	}
389
390	return 0;
391}
392
393void mpihelp_release_karatsuba_ctx(struct karatsuba_ctx *ctx)
394{
395	struct karatsuba_ctx *ctx2;
396
397	if (ctx->tp)
398		mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tp);
399	if (ctx->tspace)
400		mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tspace);
401	for (ctx = ctx->next; ctx; ctx = ctx2) {
402		ctx2 = ctx->next;
403		if (ctx->tp)
404			mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tp);
405		if (ctx->tspace)
406			mpi_free_limb_space(ctx->tspace);
407		kfree(ctx);
408	}
409}
410
411/* Multiply the natural numbers u (pointed to by UP, with USIZE limbs)
412 * and v (pointed to by VP, with VSIZE limbs), and store the result at
413 * PRODP.  USIZE + VSIZE limbs are always stored, but if the input
414 * operands are normalized.  Return the most significant limb of the
415 * result.
416 *
417 * NOTE: The space pointed to by PRODP is overwritten before finished
418 * with U and V, so overlap is an error.
419 *
420 * Argument constraints:
421 * 1. USIZE >= VSIZE.
422 * 2. PRODP != UP and PRODP != VP, i.e. the destination
423 *    must be distinct from the multiplier and the multiplicand.
424 */
425
426int
427mpihelp_mul(mpi_ptr_t prodp, mpi_ptr_t up, mpi_size_t usize,
428	    mpi_ptr_t vp, mpi_size_t vsize, mpi_limb_t *_result)
429{
430	mpi_ptr_t prod_endp = prodp + usize + vsize - 1;
431	mpi_limb_t cy;
432	struct karatsuba_ctx ctx;
433
434	if (vsize < KARATSUBA_THRESHOLD) {
435		mpi_size_t i;
436		mpi_limb_t v_limb;
437
438		if (!vsize) {
439			*_result = 0;
440			return 0;
441		}
442
443		/* Multiply by the first limb in V separately, as the result can be
444		 * stored (not added) to PROD.  We also avoid a loop for zeroing.  */
445		v_limb = vp[0];
446		if (v_limb <= 1) {
447			if (v_limb == 1)
448				MPN_COPY(prodp, up, usize);
449			else
450				MPN_ZERO(prodp, usize);
451			cy = 0;
452		} else
453			cy = mpihelp_mul_1(prodp, up, usize, v_limb);
454
455		prodp[usize] = cy;
456		prodp++;
457
458		/* For each iteration in the outer loop, multiply one limb from
459		 * U with one limb from V, and add it to PROD.  */
460		for (i = 1; i < vsize; i++) {
461			v_limb = vp[i];
462			if (v_limb <= 1) {
463				cy = 0;
464				if (v_limb == 1)
465					cy = mpihelp_add_n(prodp, prodp, up,
466							   usize);
467			} else
468				cy = mpihelp_addmul_1(prodp, up, usize, v_limb);
469
470			prodp[usize] = cy;
471			prodp++;
472		}
473
474		*_result = cy;
475		return 0;
476	}
477
478	memset(&ctx, 0, sizeof ctx);
479	if (mpihelp_mul_karatsuba_case(prodp, up, usize, vp, vsize, &ctx) < 0)
480		return -ENOMEM;
481	mpihelp_release_karatsuba_ctx(&ctx);
482	*_result = *prod_endp;
483	return 0;
484}