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1/*
2 * Sample kset and ktype implementation
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
5 * Copyright (C) 2007 Novell Inc.
6 *
7 * Released under the GPL version 2 only.
8 *
9 */
10#include <linux/kobject.h>
11#include <linux/string.h>
12#include <linux/sysfs.h>
13#include <linux/slab.h>
14#include <linux/module.h>
15#include <linux/init.h>
16
17/*
18 * This module shows how to create a kset in sysfs called
19 * /sys/kernel/kset-example
20 * Then tree kobjects are created and assigned to this kset, "foo", "baz",
21 * and "bar". In those kobjects, attributes of the same name are also
22 * created and if an integer is written to these files, it can be later
23 * read out of it.
24 */
25
26
27/*
28 * This is our "object" that we will create a few of and register them with
29 * sysfs.
30 */
31struct foo_obj {
32 struct kobject kobj;
33 int foo;
34 int baz;
35 int bar;
36};
37#define to_foo_obj(x) container_of(x, struct foo_obj, kobj)
38
39/* a custom attribute that works just for a struct foo_obj. */
40struct foo_attribute {
41 struct attribute attr;
42 ssize_t (*show)(struct foo_obj *foo, struct foo_attribute *attr, char *buf);
43 ssize_t (*store)(struct foo_obj *foo, struct foo_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count);
44};
45#define to_foo_attr(x) container_of(x, struct foo_attribute, attr)
46
47/*
48 * The default show function that must be passed to sysfs. This will be
49 * called by sysfs for whenever a show function is called by the user on a
50 * sysfs file associated with the kobjects we have registered. We need to
51 * transpose back from a "default" kobject to our custom struct foo_obj and
52 * then call the show function for that specific object.
53 */
54static ssize_t foo_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj,
55 struct attribute *attr,
56 char *buf)
57{
58 struct foo_attribute *attribute;
59 struct foo_obj *foo;
60
61 attribute = to_foo_attr(attr);
62 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
63
64 if (!attribute->show)
65 return -EIO;
66
67 return attribute->show(foo, attribute, buf);
68}
69
70/*
71 * Just like the default show function above, but this one is for when the
72 * sysfs "store" is requested (when a value is written to a file.)
73 */
74static ssize_t foo_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj,
75 struct attribute *attr,
76 const char *buf, size_t len)
77{
78 struct foo_attribute *attribute;
79 struct foo_obj *foo;
80
81 attribute = to_foo_attr(attr);
82 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
83
84 if (!attribute->store)
85 return -EIO;
86
87 return attribute->store(foo, attribute, buf, len);
88}
89
90/* Our custom sysfs_ops that we will associate with our ktype later on */
91static const struct sysfs_ops foo_sysfs_ops = {
92 .show = foo_attr_show,
93 .store = foo_attr_store,
94};
95
96/*
97 * The release function for our object. This is REQUIRED by the kernel to
98 * have. We free the memory held in our object here.
99 *
100 * NEVER try to get away with just a "blank" release function to try to be
101 * smarter than the kernel. Turns out, no one ever is...
102 */
103static void foo_release(struct kobject *kobj)
104{
105 struct foo_obj *foo;
106
107 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
108 kfree(foo);
109}
110
111/*
112 * The "foo" file where the .foo variable is read from and written to.
113 */
114static ssize_t foo_show(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
115 char *buf)
116{
117 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", foo_obj->foo);
118}
119
120static ssize_t foo_store(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
121 const char *buf, size_t count)
122{
123 int ret;
124
125 ret = kstrtoint(buf, 10, &foo_obj->foo);
126 if (ret < 0)
127 return ret;
128
129 return count;
130}
131
132/* Sysfs attributes cannot be world-writable. */
133static struct foo_attribute foo_attribute =
134 __ATTR(foo, 0664, foo_show, foo_store);
135
136/*
137 * More complex function where we determine which variable is being accessed by
138 * looking at the attribute for the "baz" and "bar" files.
139 */
140static ssize_t b_show(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
141 char *buf)
142{
143 int var;
144
145 if (strcmp(attr->attr.name, "baz") == 0)
146 var = foo_obj->baz;
147 else
148 var = foo_obj->bar;
149 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", var);
150}
151
152static ssize_t b_store(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
153 const char *buf, size_t count)
154{
155 int var, ret;
156
157 ret = kstrtoint(buf, 10, &var);
158 if (ret < 0)
159 return ret;
160
161 if (strcmp(attr->attr.name, "baz") == 0)
162 foo_obj->baz = var;
163 else
164 foo_obj->bar = var;
165 return count;
166}
167
168static struct foo_attribute baz_attribute =
169 __ATTR(baz, 0664, b_show, b_store);
170static struct foo_attribute bar_attribute =
171 __ATTR(bar, 0664, b_show, b_store);
172
173/*
174 * Create a group of attributes so that we can create and destroy them all
175 * at once.
176 */
177static struct attribute *foo_default_attrs[] = {
178 &foo_attribute.attr,
179 &baz_attribute.attr,
180 &bar_attribute.attr,
181 NULL, /* need to NULL terminate the list of attributes */
182};
183
184/*
185 * Our own ktype for our kobjects. Here we specify our sysfs ops, the
186 * release function, and the set of default attributes we want created
187 * whenever a kobject of this type is registered with the kernel.
188 */
189static struct kobj_type foo_ktype = {
190 .sysfs_ops = &foo_sysfs_ops,
191 .release = foo_release,
192 .default_attrs = foo_default_attrs,
193};
194
195static struct kset *example_kset;
196static struct foo_obj *foo_obj;
197static struct foo_obj *bar_obj;
198static struct foo_obj *baz_obj;
199
200static struct foo_obj *create_foo_obj(const char *name)
201{
202 struct foo_obj *foo;
203 int retval;
204
205 /* allocate the memory for the whole object */
206 foo = kzalloc(sizeof(*foo), GFP_KERNEL);
207 if (!foo)
208 return NULL;
209
210 /*
211 * As we have a kset for this kobject, we need to set it before calling
212 * the kobject core.
213 */
214 foo->kobj.kset = example_kset;
215
216 /*
217 * Initialize and add the kobject to the kernel. All the default files
218 * will be created here. As we have already specified a kset for this
219 * kobject, we don't have to set a parent for the kobject, the kobject
220 * will be placed beneath that kset automatically.
221 */
222 retval = kobject_init_and_add(&foo->kobj, &foo_ktype, NULL, "%s", name);
223 if (retval) {
224 kobject_put(&foo->kobj);
225 return NULL;
226 }
227
228 /*
229 * We are always responsible for sending the uevent that the kobject
230 * was added to the system.
231 */
232 kobject_uevent(&foo->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
233
234 return foo;
235}
236
237static void destroy_foo_obj(struct foo_obj *foo)
238{
239 kobject_put(&foo->kobj);
240}
241
242static int __init example_init(void)
243{
244 /*
245 * Create a kset with the name of "kset_example",
246 * located under /sys/kernel/
247 */
248 example_kset = kset_create_and_add("kset_example", NULL, kernel_kobj);
249 if (!example_kset)
250 return -ENOMEM;
251
252 /*
253 * Create three objects and register them with our kset
254 */
255 foo_obj = create_foo_obj("foo");
256 if (!foo_obj)
257 goto foo_error;
258
259 bar_obj = create_foo_obj("bar");
260 if (!bar_obj)
261 goto bar_error;
262
263 baz_obj = create_foo_obj("baz");
264 if (!baz_obj)
265 goto baz_error;
266
267 return 0;
268
269baz_error:
270 destroy_foo_obj(bar_obj);
271bar_error:
272 destroy_foo_obj(foo_obj);
273foo_error:
274 kset_unregister(example_kset);
275 return -EINVAL;
276}
277
278static void __exit example_exit(void)
279{
280 destroy_foo_obj(baz_obj);
281 destroy_foo_obj(bar_obj);
282 destroy_foo_obj(foo_obj);
283 kset_unregister(example_kset);
284}
285
286module_init(example_init);
287module_exit(example_exit);
288MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
289MODULE_AUTHOR("Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>");
1/*
2 * Sample kset and ktype implementation
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2004-2007 Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>
5 * Copyright (C) 2007 Novell Inc.
6 *
7 * Released under the GPL version 2 only.
8 *
9 */
10#include <linux/kobject.h>
11#include <linux/string.h>
12#include <linux/sysfs.h>
13#include <linux/slab.h>
14#include <linux/module.h>
15#include <linux/init.h>
16
17/*
18 * This module shows how to create a kset in sysfs called
19 * /sys/kernel/kset-example
20 * Then tree kobjects are created and assigned to this kset, "foo", "baz",
21 * and "bar". In those kobjects, attributes of the same name are also
22 * created and if an integer is written to these files, it can be later
23 * read out of it.
24 */
25
26
27/*
28 * This is our "object" that we will create a few of and register them with
29 * sysfs.
30 */
31struct foo_obj {
32 struct kobject kobj;
33 int foo;
34 int baz;
35 int bar;
36};
37#define to_foo_obj(x) container_of(x, struct foo_obj, kobj)
38
39/* a custom attribute that works just for a struct foo_obj. */
40struct foo_attribute {
41 struct attribute attr;
42 ssize_t (*show)(struct foo_obj *foo, struct foo_attribute *attr, char *buf);
43 ssize_t (*store)(struct foo_obj *foo, struct foo_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count);
44};
45#define to_foo_attr(x) container_of(x, struct foo_attribute, attr)
46
47/*
48 * The default show function that must be passed to sysfs. This will be
49 * called by sysfs for whenever a show function is called by the user on a
50 * sysfs file associated with the kobjects we have registered. We need to
51 * transpose back from a "default" kobject to our custom struct foo_obj and
52 * then call the show function for that specific object.
53 */
54static ssize_t foo_attr_show(struct kobject *kobj,
55 struct attribute *attr,
56 char *buf)
57{
58 struct foo_attribute *attribute;
59 struct foo_obj *foo;
60
61 attribute = to_foo_attr(attr);
62 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
63
64 if (!attribute->show)
65 return -EIO;
66
67 return attribute->show(foo, attribute, buf);
68}
69
70/*
71 * Just like the default show function above, but this one is for when the
72 * sysfs "store" is requested (when a value is written to a file.)
73 */
74static ssize_t foo_attr_store(struct kobject *kobj,
75 struct attribute *attr,
76 const char *buf, size_t len)
77{
78 struct foo_attribute *attribute;
79 struct foo_obj *foo;
80
81 attribute = to_foo_attr(attr);
82 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
83
84 if (!attribute->store)
85 return -EIO;
86
87 return attribute->store(foo, attribute, buf, len);
88}
89
90/* Our custom sysfs_ops that we will associate with our ktype later on */
91static const struct sysfs_ops foo_sysfs_ops = {
92 .show = foo_attr_show,
93 .store = foo_attr_store,
94};
95
96/*
97 * The release function for our object. This is REQUIRED by the kernel to
98 * have. We free the memory held in our object here.
99 *
100 * NEVER try to get away with just a "blank" release function to try to be
101 * smarter than the kernel. Turns out, no one ever is...
102 */
103static void foo_release(struct kobject *kobj)
104{
105 struct foo_obj *foo;
106
107 foo = to_foo_obj(kobj);
108 kfree(foo);
109}
110
111/*
112 * The "foo" file where the .foo variable is read from and written to.
113 */
114static ssize_t foo_show(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
115 char *buf)
116{
117 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", foo_obj->foo);
118}
119
120static ssize_t foo_store(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
121 const char *buf, size_t count)
122{
123 sscanf(buf, "%du", &foo_obj->foo);
124 return count;
125}
126
127static struct foo_attribute foo_attribute =
128 __ATTR(foo, 0666, foo_show, foo_store);
129
130/*
131 * More complex function where we determine which variable is being accessed by
132 * looking at the attribute for the "baz" and "bar" files.
133 */
134static ssize_t b_show(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
135 char *buf)
136{
137 int var;
138
139 if (strcmp(attr->attr.name, "baz") == 0)
140 var = foo_obj->baz;
141 else
142 var = foo_obj->bar;
143 return sprintf(buf, "%d\n", var);
144}
145
146static ssize_t b_store(struct foo_obj *foo_obj, struct foo_attribute *attr,
147 const char *buf, size_t count)
148{
149 int var;
150
151 sscanf(buf, "%du", &var);
152 if (strcmp(attr->attr.name, "baz") == 0)
153 foo_obj->baz = var;
154 else
155 foo_obj->bar = var;
156 return count;
157}
158
159static struct foo_attribute baz_attribute =
160 __ATTR(baz, 0666, b_show, b_store);
161static struct foo_attribute bar_attribute =
162 __ATTR(bar, 0666, b_show, b_store);
163
164/*
165 * Create a group of attributes so that we can create and destroy them all
166 * at once.
167 */
168static struct attribute *foo_default_attrs[] = {
169 &foo_attribute.attr,
170 &baz_attribute.attr,
171 &bar_attribute.attr,
172 NULL, /* need to NULL terminate the list of attributes */
173};
174
175/*
176 * Our own ktype for our kobjects. Here we specify our sysfs ops, the
177 * release function, and the set of default attributes we want created
178 * whenever a kobject of this type is registered with the kernel.
179 */
180static struct kobj_type foo_ktype = {
181 .sysfs_ops = &foo_sysfs_ops,
182 .release = foo_release,
183 .default_attrs = foo_default_attrs,
184};
185
186static struct kset *example_kset;
187static struct foo_obj *foo_obj;
188static struct foo_obj *bar_obj;
189static struct foo_obj *baz_obj;
190
191static struct foo_obj *create_foo_obj(const char *name)
192{
193 struct foo_obj *foo;
194 int retval;
195
196 /* allocate the memory for the whole object */
197 foo = kzalloc(sizeof(*foo), GFP_KERNEL);
198 if (!foo)
199 return NULL;
200
201 /*
202 * As we have a kset for this kobject, we need to set it before calling
203 * the kobject core.
204 */
205 foo->kobj.kset = example_kset;
206
207 /*
208 * Initialize and add the kobject to the kernel. All the default files
209 * will be created here. As we have already specified a kset for this
210 * kobject, we don't have to set a parent for the kobject, the kobject
211 * will be placed beneath that kset automatically.
212 */
213 retval = kobject_init_and_add(&foo->kobj, &foo_ktype, NULL, "%s", name);
214 if (retval) {
215 kobject_put(&foo->kobj);
216 return NULL;
217 }
218
219 /*
220 * We are always responsible for sending the uevent that the kobject
221 * was added to the system.
222 */
223 kobject_uevent(&foo->kobj, KOBJ_ADD);
224
225 return foo;
226}
227
228static void destroy_foo_obj(struct foo_obj *foo)
229{
230 kobject_put(&foo->kobj);
231}
232
233static int __init example_init(void)
234{
235 /*
236 * Create a kset with the name of "kset_example",
237 * located under /sys/kernel/
238 */
239 example_kset = kset_create_and_add("kset_example", NULL, kernel_kobj);
240 if (!example_kset)
241 return -ENOMEM;
242
243 /*
244 * Create three objects and register them with our kset
245 */
246 foo_obj = create_foo_obj("foo");
247 if (!foo_obj)
248 goto foo_error;
249
250 bar_obj = create_foo_obj("bar");
251 if (!bar_obj)
252 goto bar_error;
253
254 baz_obj = create_foo_obj("baz");
255 if (!baz_obj)
256 goto baz_error;
257
258 return 0;
259
260baz_error:
261 destroy_foo_obj(bar_obj);
262bar_error:
263 destroy_foo_obj(foo_obj);
264foo_error:
265 return -EINVAL;
266}
267
268static void __exit example_exit(void)
269{
270 destroy_foo_obj(baz_obj);
271 destroy_foo_obj(bar_obj);
272 destroy_foo_obj(foo_obj);
273 kset_unregister(example_kset);
274}
275
276module_init(example_init);
277module_exit(example_exit);
278MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
279MODULE_AUTHOR("Greg Kroah-Hartman <greg@kroah.com>");