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v4.6
   1/*
   2 * linux/fs/jbd2/commit.c
   3 *
   4 * Written by Stephen C. Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>, 1998
   5 *
   6 * Copyright 1998 Red Hat corp --- All Rights Reserved
   7 *
   8 * This file is part of the Linux kernel and is made available under
   9 * the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2, or at your
  10 * option, any later version, incorporated herein by reference.
  11 *
  12 * Journal commit routines for the generic filesystem journaling code;
  13 * part of the ext2fs journaling system.
  14 */
  15
  16#include <linux/time.h>
  17#include <linux/fs.h>
  18#include <linux/jbd2.h>
  19#include <linux/errno.h>
  20#include <linux/slab.h>
  21#include <linux/mm.h>
  22#include <linux/pagemap.h>
  23#include <linux/jiffies.h>
  24#include <linux/crc32.h>
  25#include <linux/writeback.h>
  26#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
  27#include <linux/bio.h>
  28#include <linux/blkdev.h>
  29#include <linux/bitops.h>
  30#include <trace/events/jbd2.h>
  31
  32/*
  33 * IO end handler for temporary buffer_heads handling writes to the journal.
  34 */
  35static void journal_end_buffer_io_sync(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate)
  36{
  37	struct buffer_head *orig_bh = bh->b_private;
  38
  39	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "");
  40	if (uptodate)
  41		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
  42	else
  43		clear_buffer_uptodate(bh);
  44	if (orig_bh) {
  45		clear_bit_unlock(BH_Shadow, &orig_bh->b_state);
  46		smp_mb__after_atomic();
  47		wake_up_bit(&orig_bh->b_state, BH_Shadow);
  48	}
  49	unlock_buffer(bh);
  50}
  51
  52/*
  53 * When an ext4 file is truncated, it is possible that some pages are not
  54 * successfully freed, because they are attached to a committing transaction.
  55 * After the transaction commits, these pages are left on the LRU, with no
  56 * ->mapping, and with attached buffers.  These pages are trivially reclaimable
  57 * by the VM, but their apparent absence upsets the VM accounting, and it makes
  58 * the numbers in /proc/meminfo look odd.
  59 *
  60 * So here, we have a buffer which has just come off the forget list.  Look to
  61 * see if we can strip all buffers from the backing page.
  62 *
  63 * Called under lock_journal(), and possibly under journal_datalist_lock.  The
  64 * caller provided us with a ref against the buffer, and we drop that here.
  65 */
  66static void release_buffer_page(struct buffer_head *bh)
  67{
  68	struct page *page;
  69
  70	if (buffer_dirty(bh))
  71		goto nope;
  72	if (atomic_read(&bh->b_count) != 1)
  73		goto nope;
  74	page = bh->b_page;
  75	if (!page)
  76		goto nope;
  77	if (page->mapping)
  78		goto nope;
  79
  80	/* OK, it's a truncated page */
  81	if (!trylock_page(page))
  82		goto nope;
  83
  84	get_page(page);
  85	__brelse(bh);
  86	try_to_free_buffers(page);
  87	unlock_page(page);
  88	put_page(page);
  89	return;
  90
  91nope:
  92	__brelse(bh);
  93}
  94
  95static void jbd2_commit_block_csum_set(journal_t *j, struct buffer_head *bh)
  96{
  97	struct commit_header *h;
  98	__u32 csum;
  99
 100	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
 101		return;
 102
 103	h = (struct commit_header *)(bh->b_data);
 104	h->h_chksum_type = 0;
 105	h->h_chksum_size = 0;
 106	h->h_chksum[0] = 0;
 107	csum = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, bh->b_data, j->j_blocksize);
 108	h->h_chksum[0] = cpu_to_be32(csum);
 109}
 110
 111/*
 112 * Done it all: now submit the commit record.  We should have
 113 * cleaned up our previous buffers by now, so if we are in abort
 114 * mode we can now just skip the rest of the journal write
 115 * entirely.
 116 *
 117 * Returns 1 if the journal needs to be aborted or 0 on success
 118 */
 119static int journal_submit_commit_record(journal_t *journal,
 120					transaction_t *commit_transaction,
 121					struct buffer_head **cbh,
 122					__u32 crc32_sum)
 123{
 124	struct commit_header *tmp;
 125	struct buffer_head *bh;
 126	int ret;
 127	struct timespec now = current_kernel_time();
 128
 129	*cbh = NULL;
 130
 131	if (is_journal_aborted(journal))
 132		return 0;
 133
 134	bh = jbd2_journal_get_descriptor_buffer(commit_transaction,
 135						JBD2_COMMIT_BLOCK);
 136	if (!bh)
 137		return 1;
 138
 139	tmp = (struct commit_header *)bh->b_data;
 
 
 
 140	tmp->h_commit_sec = cpu_to_be64(now.tv_sec);
 141	tmp->h_commit_nsec = cpu_to_be32(now.tv_nsec);
 142
 143	if (jbd2_has_feature_checksum(journal)) {
 
 144		tmp->h_chksum_type 	= JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM;
 145		tmp->h_chksum_size 	= JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM_SIZE;
 146		tmp->h_chksum[0] 	= cpu_to_be32(crc32_sum);
 147	}
 148	jbd2_commit_block_csum_set(journal, bh);
 149
 150	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "submit commit block");
 151	lock_buffer(bh);
 152	clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
 153	set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
 154	bh->b_end_io = journal_end_buffer_io_sync;
 155
 156	if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER &&
 157	    !jbd2_has_feature_async_commit(journal))
 
 158		ret = submit_bh(WRITE_SYNC | WRITE_FLUSH_FUA, bh);
 159	else
 160		ret = submit_bh(WRITE_SYNC, bh);
 161
 162	*cbh = bh;
 163	return ret;
 164}
 165
 166/*
 167 * This function along with journal_submit_commit_record
 168 * allows to write the commit record asynchronously.
 169 */
 170static int journal_wait_on_commit_record(journal_t *journal,
 171					 struct buffer_head *bh)
 172{
 173	int ret = 0;
 174
 175	clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
 176	wait_on_buffer(bh);
 177
 178	if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(bh)))
 179		ret = -EIO;
 180	put_bh(bh);            /* One for getblk() */
 181
 182	return ret;
 183}
 184
 185/*
 186 * write the filemap data using writepage() address_space_operations.
 187 * We don't do block allocation here even for delalloc. We don't
 188 * use writepages() because with dealyed allocation we may be doing
 189 * block allocation in writepages().
 190 */
 191static int journal_submit_inode_data_buffers(struct address_space *mapping)
 192{
 193	int ret;
 194	struct writeback_control wbc = {
 195		.sync_mode =  WB_SYNC_ALL,
 196		.nr_to_write = mapping->nrpages * 2,
 197		.range_start = 0,
 198		.range_end = i_size_read(mapping->host),
 199	};
 200
 201	ret = generic_writepages(mapping, &wbc);
 202	return ret;
 203}
 204
 205/*
 206 * Submit all the data buffers of inode associated with the transaction to
 207 * disk.
 208 *
 209 * We are in a committing transaction. Therefore no new inode can be added to
 210 * our inode list. We use JI_COMMIT_RUNNING flag to protect inode we currently
 211 * operate on from being released while we write out pages.
 212 */
 213static int journal_submit_data_buffers(journal_t *journal,
 214		transaction_t *commit_transaction)
 215{
 216	struct jbd2_inode *jinode;
 217	int err, ret = 0;
 218	struct address_space *mapping;
 219
 220	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 221	list_for_each_entry(jinode, &commit_transaction->t_inode_list, i_list) {
 222		mapping = jinode->i_vfs_inode->i_mapping;
 223		jinode->i_flags |= JI_COMMIT_RUNNING;
 224		spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 225		/*
 226		 * submit the inode data buffers. We use writepage
 227		 * instead of writepages. Because writepages can do
 228		 * block allocation  with delalloc. We need to write
 229		 * only allocated blocks here.
 230		 */
 231		trace_jbd2_submit_inode_data(jinode->i_vfs_inode);
 232		err = journal_submit_inode_data_buffers(mapping);
 233		if (!ret)
 234			ret = err;
 235		spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 236		J_ASSERT(jinode->i_transaction == commit_transaction);
 237		jinode->i_flags &= ~JI_COMMIT_RUNNING;
 238		smp_mb();
 239		wake_up_bit(&jinode->i_flags, __JI_COMMIT_RUNNING);
 240	}
 241	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 242	return ret;
 243}
 244
 245/*
 246 * Wait for data submitted for writeout, refile inodes to proper
 247 * transaction if needed.
 248 *
 249 */
 250static int journal_finish_inode_data_buffers(journal_t *journal,
 251		transaction_t *commit_transaction)
 252{
 253	struct jbd2_inode *jinode, *next_i;
 254	int err, ret = 0;
 255
 256	/* For locking, see the comment in journal_submit_data_buffers() */
 257	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 258	list_for_each_entry(jinode, &commit_transaction->t_inode_list, i_list) {
 259		jinode->i_flags |= JI_COMMIT_RUNNING;
 260		spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 261		err = filemap_fdatawait(jinode->i_vfs_inode->i_mapping);
 262		if (err) {
 263			/*
 264			 * Because AS_EIO is cleared by
 265			 * filemap_fdatawait_range(), set it again so
 266			 * that user process can get -EIO from fsync().
 267			 */
 268			set_bit(AS_EIO,
 269				&jinode->i_vfs_inode->i_mapping->flags);
 270
 271			if (!ret)
 272				ret = err;
 273		}
 274		spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 275		jinode->i_flags &= ~JI_COMMIT_RUNNING;
 276		smp_mb();
 277		wake_up_bit(&jinode->i_flags, __JI_COMMIT_RUNNING);
 278	}
 279
 280	/* Now refile inode to proper lists */
 281	list_for_each_entry_safe(jinode, next_i,
 282				 &commit_transaction->t_inode_list, i_list) {
 283		list_del(&jinode->i_list);
 284		if (jinode->i_next_transaction) {
 285			jinode->i_transaction = jinode->i_next_transaction;
 286			jinode->i_next_transaction = NULL;
 287			list_add(&jinode->i_list,
 288				&jinode->i_transaction->t_inode_list);
 289		} else {
 290			jinode->i_transaction = NULL;
 291		}
 292	}
 293	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 294
 295	return ret;
 296}
 297
 298static __u32 jbd2_checksum_data(__u32 crc32_sum, struct buffer_head *bh)
 299{
 300	struct page *page = bh->b_page;
 301	char *addr;
 302	__u32 checksum;
 303
 304	addr = kmap_atomic(page);
 305	checksum = crc32_be(crc32_sum,
 306		(void *)(addr + offset_in_page(bh->b_data)), bh->b_size);
 307	kunmap_atomic(addr);
 308
 309	return checksum;
 310}
 311
 312static void write_tag_block(journal_t *j, journal_block_tag_t *tag,
 313				   unsigned long long block)
 314{
 315	tag->t_blocknr = cpu_to_be32(block & (u32)~0);
 316	if (jbd2_has_feature_64bit(j))
 317		tag->t_blocknr_high = cpu_to_be32((block >> 31) >> 1);
 318}
 319
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 320static void jbd2_block_tag_csum_set(journal_t *j, journal_block_tag_t *tag,
 321				    struct buffer_head *bh, __u32 sequence)
 322{
 323	journal_block_tag3_t *tag3 = (journal_block_tag3_t *)tag;
 324	struct page *page = bh->b_page;
 325	__u8 *addr;
 326	__u32 csum32;
 327	__be32 seq;
 328
 329	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
 330		return;
 331
 332	seq = cpu_to_be32(sequence);
 333	addr = kmap_atomic(page);
 334	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, (__u8 *)&seq, sizeof(seq));
 335	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, csum32, addr + offset_in_page(bh->b_data),
 336			     bh->b_size);
 337	kunmap_atomic(addr);
 338
 339	if (jbd2_has_feature_csum3(j))
 340		tag3->t_checksum = cpu_to_be32(csum32);
 341	else
 342		tag->t_checksum = cpu_to_be16(csum32);
 343}
 344/*
 345 * jbd2_journal_commit_transaction
 346 *
 347 * The primary function for committing a transaction to the log.  This
 348 * function is called by the journal thread to begin a complete commit.
 349 */
 350void jbd2_journal_commit_transaction(journal_t *journal)
 351{
 352	struct transaction_stats_s stats;
 353	transaction_t *commit_transaction;
 354	struct journal_head *jh;
 355	struct buffer_head *descriptor;
 356	struct buffer_head **wbuf = journal->j_wbuf;
 357	int bufs;
 358	int flags;
 359	int err;
 360	unsigned long long blocknr;
 361	ktime_t start_time;
 362	u64 commit_time;
 363	char *tagp = NULL;
 
 364	journal_block_tag_t *tag = NULL;
 365	int space_left = 0;
 366	int first_tag = 0;
 367	int tag_flag;
 368	int i;
 369	int tag_bytes = journal_tag_bytes(journal);
 370	struct buffer_head *cbh = NULL; /* For transactional checksums */
 371	__u32 crc32_sum = ~0;
 372	struct blk_plug plug;
 373	/* Tail of the journal */
 374	unsigned long first_block;
 375	tid_t first_tid;
 376	int update_tail;
 377	int csum_size = 0;
 378	LIST_HEAD(io_bufs);
 379	LIST_HEAD(log_bufs);
 380
 381	if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
 382		csum_size = sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
 383
 384	/*
 385	 * First job: lock down the current transaction and wait for
 386	 * all outstanding updates to complete.
 387	 */
 388
 389	/* Do we need to erase the effects of a prior jbd2_journal_flush? */
 390	if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_FLUSHED) {
 391		jbd_debug(3, "super block updated\n");
 392		mutex_lock(&journal->j_checkpoint_mutex);
 393		/*
 394		 * We hold j_checkpoint_mutex so tail cannot change under us.
 395		 * We don't need any special data guarantees for writing sb
 396		 * since journal is empty and it is ok for write to be
 397		 * flushed only with transaction commit.
 398		 */
 399		jbd2_journal_update_sb_log_tail(journal,
 400						journal->j_tail_sequence,
 401						journal->j_tail,
 402						WRITE_SYNC);
 403		mutex_unlock(&journal->j_checkpoint_mutex);
 404	} else {
 405		jbd_debug(3, "superblock not updated\n");
 406	}
 407
 408	J_ASSERT(journal->j_running_transaction != NULL);
 409	J_ASSERT(journal->j_committing_transaction == NULL);
 410
 411	commit_transaction = journal->j_running_transaction;
 412
 413	trace_jbd2_start_commit(journal, commit_transaction);
 414	jbd_debug(1, "JBD2: starting commit of transaction %d\n",
 415			commit_transaction->t_tid);
 416
 417	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 418	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_state == T_RUNNING);
 419	commit_transaction->t_state = T_LOCKED;
 420
 421	trace_jbd2_commit_locking(journal, commit_transaction);
 422	stats.run.rs_wait = commit_transaction->t_max_wait;
 423	stats.run.rs_request_delay = 0;
 424	stats.run.rs_locked = jiffies;
 425	if (commit_transaction->t_requested)
 426		stats.run.rs_request_delay =
 427			jbd2_time_diff(commit_transaction->t_requested,
 428				       stats.run.rs_locked);
 429	stats.run.rs_running = jbd2_time_diff(commit_transaction->t_start,
 430					      stats.run.rs_locked);
 431
 432	spin_lock(&commit_transaction->t_handle_lock);
 433	while (atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_updates)) {
 434		DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
 435
 436		prepare_to_wait(&journal->j_wait_updates, &wait,
 437					TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 438		if (atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_updates)) {
 439			spin_unlock(&commit_transaction->t_handle_lock);
 440			write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 441			schedule();
 442			write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 443			spin_lock(&commit_transaction->t_handle_lock);
 444		}
 445		finish_wait(&journal->j_wait_updates, &wait);
 446	}
 447	spin_unlock(&commit_transaction->t_handle_lock);
 448
 449	J_ASSERT (atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits) <=
 450			journal->j_max_transaction_buffers);
 451
 452	/*
 453	 * First thing we are allowed to do is to discard any remaining
 454	 * BJ_Reserved buffers.  Note, it is _not_ permissible to assume
 455	 * that there are no such buffers: if a large filesystem
 456	 * operation like a truncate needs to split itself over multiple
 457	 * transactions, then it may try to do a jbd2_journal_restart() while
 458	 * there are still BJ_Reserved buffers outstanding.  These must
 459	 * be released cleanly from the current transaction.
 460	 *
 461	 * In this case, the filesystem must still reserve write access
 462	 * again before modifying the buffer in the new transaction, but
 463	 * we do not require it to remember exactly which old buffers it
 464	 * has reserved.  This is consistent with the existing behaviour
 465	 * that multiple jbd2_journal_get_write_access() calls to the same
 466	 * buffer are perfectly permissible.
 467	 */
 468	while (commit_transaction->t_reserved_list) {
 469		jh = commit_transaction->t_reserved_list;
 470		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "reserved, unused: refile");
 471		/*
 472		 * A jbd2_journal_get_undo_access()+jbd2_journal_release_buffer() may
 473		 * leave undo-committed data.
 474		 */
 475		if (jh->b_committed_data) {
 476			struct buffer_head *bh = jh2bh(jh);
 477
 478			jbd_lock_bh_state(bh);
 479			jbd2_free(jh->b_committed_data, bh->b_size);
 480			jh->b_committed_data = NULL;
 481			jbd_unlock_bh_state(bh);
 482		}
 483		jbd2_journal_refile_buffer(journal, jh);
 484	}
 485
 486	/*
 487	 * Now try to drop any written-back buffers from the journal's
 488	 * checkpoint lists.  We do this *before* commit because it potentially
 489	 * frees some memory
 490	 */
 491	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 492	__jbd2_journal_clean_checkpoint_list(journal, false);
 493	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 494
 495	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 1\n");
 496
 497	/*
 498	 * Clear revoked flag to reflect there is no revoked buffers
 499	 * in the next transaction which is going to be started.
 500	 */
 501	jbd2_clear_buffer_revoked_flags(journal);
 502
 503	/*
 504	 * Switch to a new revoke table.
 505	 */
 506	jbd2_journal_switch_revoke_table(journal);
 507
 508	/*
 509	 * Reserved credits cannot be claimed anymore, free them
 510	 */
 511	atomic_sub(atomic_read(&journal->j_reserved_credits),
 512		   &commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits);
 513
 514	trace_jbd2_commit_flushing(journal, commit_transaction);
 515	stats.run.rs_flushing = jiffies;
 516	stats.run.rs_locked = jbd2_time_diff(stats.run.rs_locked,
 517					     stats.run.rs_flushing);
 518
 519	commit_transaction->t_state = T_FLUSH;
 520	journal->j_committing_transaction = commit_transaction;
 521	journal->j_running_transaction = NULL;
 522	start_time = ktime_get();
 523	commit_transaction->t_log_start = journal->j_head;
 524	wake_up(&journal->j_wait_transaction_locked);
 525	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 526
 527	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 2a\n");
 528
 529	/*
 530	 * Now start flushing things to disk, in the order they appear
 531	 * on the transaction lists.  Data blocks go first.
 532	 */
 533	err = journal_submit_data_buffers(journal, commit_transaction);
 534	if (err)
 535		jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 536
 537	blk_start_plug(&plug);
 538	jbd2_journal_write_revoke_records(commit_transaction, &log_bufs);
 
 539
 540	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 2b\n");
 541
 542	/*
 543	 * Way to go: we have now written out all of the data for a
 544	 * transaction!  Now comes the tricky part: we need to write out
 545	 * metadata.  Loop over the transaction's entire buffer list:
 546	 */
 547	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 548	commit_transaction->t_state = T_COMMIT;
 549	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 550
 551	trace_jbd2_commit_logging(journal, commit_transaction);
 552	stats.run.rs_logging = jiffies;
 553	stats.run.rs_flushing = jbd2_time_diff(stats.run.rs_flushing,
 554					       stats.run.rs_logging);
 555	stats.run.rs_blocks =
 556		atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits);
 557	stats.run.rs_blocks_logged = 0;
 558
 559	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_nr_buffers <=
 560		 atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits));
 561
 562	err = 0;
 563	bufs = 0;
 564	descriptor = NULL;
 565	while (commit_transaction->t_buffers) {
 566
 567		/* Find the next buffer to be journaled... */
 568
 569		jh = commit_transaction->t_buffers;
 570
 571		/* If we're in abort mode, we just un-journal the buffer and
 572		   release it. */
 573
 574		if (is_journal_aborted(journal)) {
 575			clear_buffer_jbddirty(jh2bh(jh));
 576			JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "journal is aborting: refile");
 577			jbd2_buffer_abort_trigger(jh,
 578						  jh->b_frozen_data ?
 579						  jh->b_frozen_triggers :
 580						  jh->b_triggers);
 581			jbd2_journal_refile_buffer(journal, jh);
 582			/* If that was the last one, we need to clean up
 583			 * any descriptor buffers which may have been
 584			 * already allocated, even if we are now
 585			 * aborting. */
 586			if (!commit_transaction->t_buffers)
 587				goto start_journal_io;
 588			continue;
 589		}
 590
 591		/* Make sure we have a descriptor block in which to
 592		   record the metadata buffer. */
 593
 594		if (!descriptor) {
 595			J_ASSERT (bufs == 0);
 596
 597			jbd_debug(4, "JBD2: get descriptor\n");
 598
 599			descriptor = jbd2_journal_get_descriptor_buffer(
 600							commit_transaction,
 601							JBD2_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK);
 602			if (!descriptor) {
 603				jbd2_journal_abort(journal, -EIO);
 604				continue;
 605			}
 606
 607			jbd_debug(4, "JBD2: got buffer %llu (%p)\n",
 608				(unsigned long long)descriptor->b_blocknr,
 609				descriptor->b_data);
 
 
 
 
 
 610			tagp = &descriptor->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
 611			space_left = descriptor->b_size -
 612						sizeof(journal_header_t);
 613			first_tag = 1;
 614			set_buffer_jwrite(descriptor);
 615			set_buffer_dirty(descriptor);
 616			wbuf[bufs++] = descriptor;
 617
 618			/* Record it so that we can wait for IO
 619                           completion later */
 620			BUFFER_TRACE(descriptor, "ph3: file as descriptor");
 621			jbd2_file_log_bh(&log_bufs, descriptor);
 622		}
 623
 624		/* Where is the buffer to be written? */
 625
 626		err = jbd2_journal_next_log_block(journal, &blocknr);
 627		/* If the block mapping failed, just abandon the buffer
 628		   and repeat this loop: we'll fall into the
 629		   refile-on-abort condition above. */
 630		if (err) {
 631			jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 632			continue;
 633		}
 634
 635		/*
 636		 * start_this_handle() uses t_outstanding_credits to determine
 637		 * the free space in the log, but this counter is changed
 638		 * by jbd2_journal_next_log_block() also.
 639		 */
 640		atomic_dec(&commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits);
 641
 642		/* Bump b_count to prevent truncate from stumbling over
 643                   the shadowed buffer!  @@@ This can go if we ever get
 644                   rid of the shadow pairing of buffers. */
 645		atomic_inc(&jh2bh(jh)->b_count);
 646
 647		/*
 648		 * Make a temporary IO buffer with which to write it out
 649		 * (this will requeue the metadata buffer to BJ_Shadow).
 650		 */
 651		set_bit(BH_JWrite, &jh2bh(jh)->b_state);
 652		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "ph3: write metadata");
 653		flags = jbd2_journal_write_metadata_buffer(commit_transaction,
 654						jh, &wbuf[bufs], blocknr);
 655		if (flags < 0) {
 656			jbd2_journal_abort(journal, flags);
 657			continue;
 658		}
 659		jbd2_file_log_bh(&io_bufs, wbuf[bufs]);
 660
 661		/* Record the new block's tag in the current descriptor
 662                   buffer */
 663
 664		tag_flag = 0;
 665		if (flags & 1)
 666			tag_flag |= JBD2_FLAG_ESCAPE;
 667		if (!first_tag)
 668			tag_flag |= JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID;
 669
 670		tag = (journal_block_tag_t *) tagp;
 671		write_tag_block(journal, tag, jh2bh(jh)->b_blocknr);
 672		tag->t_flags = cpu_to_be16(tag_flag);
 673		jbd2_block_tag_csum_set(journal, tag, wbuf[bufs],
 674					commit_transaction->t_tid);
 675		tagp += tag_bytes;
 676		space_left -= tag_bytes;
 677		bufs++;
 678
 679		if (first_tag) {
 680			memcpy (tagp, journal->j_uuid, 16);
 681			tagp += 16;
 682			space_left -= 16;
 683			first_tag = 0;
 684		}
 685
 686		/* If there's no more to do, or if the descriptor is full,
 687		   let the IO rip! */
 688
 689		if (bufs == journal->j_wbufsize ||
 690		    commit_transaction->t_buffers == NULL ||
 691		    space_left < tag_bytes + 16 + csum_size) {
 692
 693			jbd_debug(4, "JBD2: Submit %d IOs\n", bufs);
 694
 695			/* Write an end-of-descriptor marker before
 696                           submitting the IOs.  "tag" still points to
 697                           the last tag we set up. */
 698
 699			tag->t_flags |= cpu_to_be16(JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG);
 700
 701			jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_set(journal, descriptor);
 702start_journal_io:
 703			for (i = 0; i < bufs; i++) {
 704				struct buffer_head *bh = wbuf[i];
 705				/*
 706				 * Compute checksum.
 707				 */
 708				if (jbd2_has_feature_checksum(journal)) {
 
 709					crc32_sum =
 710					    jbd2_checksum_data(crc32_sum, bh);
 711				}
 712
 713				lock_buffer(bh);
 714				clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
 715				set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
 716				bh->b_end_io = journal_end_buffer_io_sync;
 717				submit_bh(WRITE_SYNC, bh);
 718			}
 719			cond_resched();
 720			stats.run.rs_blocks_logged += bufs;
 721
 722			/* Force a new descriptor to be generated next
 723                           time round the loop. */
 724			descriptor = NULL;
 725			bufs = 0;
 726		}
 727	}
 728
 729	err = journal_finish_inode_data_buffers(journal, commit_transaction);
 730	if (err) {
 731		printk(KERN_WARNING
 732			"JBD2: Detected IO errors while flushing file data "
 733		       "on %s\n", journal->j_devname);
 734		if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_ABORT_ON_SYNCDATA_ERR)
 735			jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 736		err = 0;
 737	}
 738
 739	/*
 740	 * Get current oldest transaction in the log before we issue flush
 741	 * to the filesystem device. After the flush we can be sure that
 742	 * blocks of all older transactions are checkpointed to persistent
 743	 * storage and we will be safe to update journal start in the
 744	 * superblock with the numbers we get here.
 745	 */
 746	update_tail =
 747		jbd2_journal_get_log_tail(journal, &first_tid, &first_block);
 748
 749	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 750	if (update_tail) {
 751		long freed = first_block - journal->j_tail;
 752
 753		if (first_block < journal->j_tail)
 754			freed += journal->j_last - journal->j_first;
 755		/* Update tail only if we free significant amount of space */
 756		if (freed < journal->j_maxlen / 4)
 757			update_tail = 0;
 758	}
 759	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_state == T_COMMIT);
 760	commit_transaction->t_state = T_COMMIT_DFLUSH;
 761	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 762
 763	/* 
 764	 * If the journal is not located on the file system device,
 765	 * then we must flush the file system device before we issue
 766	 * the commit record
 767	 */
 768	if (commit_transaction->t_need_data_flush &&
 769	    (journal->j_fs_dev != journal->j_dev) &&
 770	    (journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER))
 771		blkdev_issue_flush(journal->j_fs_dev, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
 772
 773	/* Done it all: now write the commit record asynchronously. */
 774	if (jbd2_has_feature_async_commit(journal)) {
 
 775		err = journal_submit_commit_record(journal, commit_transaction,
 776						 &cbh, crc32_sum);
 777		if (err)
 778			__jbd2_journal_abort_hard(journal);
 779	}
 780
 781	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
 782
 783	/* Lo and behold: we have just managed to send a transaction to
 784           the log.  Before we can commit it, wait for the IO so far to
 785           complete.  Control buffers being written are on the
 786           transaction's t_log_list queue, and metadata buffers are on
 787           the io_bufs list.
 788
 789	   Wait for the buffers in reverse order.  That way we are
 790	   less likely to be woken up until all IOs have completed, and
 791	   so we incur less scheduling load.
 792	*/
 793
 794	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 3\n");
 795
 796	while (!list_empty(&io_bufs)) {
 797		struct buffer_head *bh = list_entry(io_bufs.prev,
 798						    struct buffer_head,
 799						    b_assoc_buffers);
 800
 801		wait_on_buffer(bh);
 802		cond_resched();
 803
 804		if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(bh)))
 805			err = -EIO;
 806		jbd2_unfile_log_bh(bh);
 807
 808		/*
 809		 * The list contains temporary buffer heads created by
 810		 * jbd2_journal_write_metadata_buffer().
 811		 */
 812		BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "dumping temporary bh");
 813		__brelse(bh);
 814		J_ASSERT_BH(bh, atomic_read(&bh->b_count) == 0);
 815		free_buffer_head(bh);
 816
 817		/* We also have to refile the corresponding shadowed buffer */
 818		jh = commit_transaction->t_shadow_list->b_tprev;
 819		bh = jh2bh(jh);
 820		clear_buffer_jwrite(bh);
 821		J_ASSERT_BH(bh, buffer_jbddirty(bh));
 822		J_ASSERT_BH(bh, !buffer_shadow(bh));
 823
 824		/* The metadata is now released for reuse, but we need
 825                   to remember it against this transaction so that when
 826                   we finally commit, we can do any checkpointing
 827                   required. */
 828		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "file as BJ_Forget");
 829		jbd2_journal_file_buffer(jh, commit_transaction, BJ_Forget);
 830		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "brelse shadowed buffer");
 831		__brelse(bh);
 832	}
 833
 834	J_ASSERT (commit_transaction->t_shadow_list == NULL);
 835
 836	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 4\n");
 837
 838	/* Here we wait for the revoke record and descriptor record buffers */
 839	while (!list_empty(&log_bufs)) {
 840		struct buffer_head *bh;
 841
 842		bh = list_entry(log_bufs.prev, struct buffer_head, b_assoc_buffers);
 843		wait_on_buffer(bh);
 844		cond_resched();
 845
 846		if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(bh)))
 847			err = -EIO;
 848
 849		BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "ph5: control buffer writeout done: unfile");
 850		clear_buffer_jwrite(bh);
 851		jbd2_unfile_log_bh(bh);
 852		__brelse(bh);		/* One for getblk */
 853		/* AKPM: bforget here */
 854	}
 855
 856	if (err)
 857		jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 858
 859	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 5\n");
 860	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 861	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_state == T_COMMIT_DFLUSH);
 862	commit_transaction->t_state = T_COMMIT_JFLUSH;
 863	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 864
 865	if (!jbd2_has_feature_async_commit(journal)) {
 
 866		err = journal_submit_commit_record(journal, commit_transaction,
 867						&cbh, crc32_sum);
 868		if (err)
 869			__jbd2_journal_abort_hard(journal);
 870	}
 871	if (cbh)
 872		err = journal_wait_on_commit_record(journal, cbh);
 873	if (jbd2_has_feature_async_commit(journal) &&
 
 874	    journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER) {
 875		blkdev_issue_flush(journal->j_dev, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
 876	}
 877
 878	if (err)
 879		jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 880
 881	/*
 882	 * Now disk caches for filesystem device are flushed so we are safe to
 883	 * erase checkpointed transactions from the log by updating journal
 884	 * superblock.
 885	 */
 886	if (update_tail)
 887		jbd2_update_log_tail(journal, first_tid, first_block);
 888
 889	/* End of a transaction!  Finally, we can do checkpoint
 890           processing: any buffers committed as a result of this
 891           transaction can be removed from any checkpoint list it was on
 892           before. */
 893
 894	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 6\n");
 895
 896	J_ASSERT(list_empty(&commit_transaction->t_inode_list));
 897	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_buffers == NULL);
 898	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_checkpoint_list == NULL);
 899	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_shadow_list == NULL);
 900
 901restart_loop:
 902	/*
 903	 * As there are other places (journal_unmap_buffer()) adding buffers
 904	 * to this list we have to be careful and hold the j_list_lock.
 905	 */
 906	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 907	while (commit_transaction->t_forget) {
 908		transaction_t *cp_transaction;
 909		struct buffer_head *bh;
 910		int try_to_free = 0;
 911
 912		jh = commit_transaction->t_forget;
 913		spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 914		bh = jh2bh(jh);
 915		/*
 916		 * Get a reference so that bh cannot be freed before we are
 917		 * done with it.
 918		 */
 919		get_bh(bh);
 920		jbd_lock_bh_state(bh);
 921		J_ASSERT_JH(jh,	jh->b_transaction == commit_transaction);
 922
 923		/*
 924		 * If there is undo-protected committed data against
 925		 * this buffer, then we can remove it now.  If it is a
 926		 * buffer needing such protection, the old frozen_data
 927		 * field now points to a committed version of the
 928		 * buffer, so rotate that field to the new committed
 929		 * data.
 930		 *
 931		 * Otherwise, we can just throw away the frozen data now.
 932		 *
 933		 * We also know that the frozen data has already fired
 934		 * its triggers if they exist, so we can clear that too.
 935		 */
 936		if (jh->b_committed_data) {
 937			jbd2_free(jh->b_committed_data, bh->b_size);
 938			jh->b_committed_data = NULL;
 939			if (jh->b_frozen_data) {
 940				jh->b_committed_data = jh->b_frozen_data;
 941				jh->b_frozen_data = NULL;
 942				jh->b_frozen_triggers = NULL;
 943			}
 944		} else if (jh->b_frozen_data) {
 945			jbd2_free(jh->b_frozen_data, bh->b_size);
 946			jh->b_frozen_data = NULL;
 947			jh->b_frozen_triggers = NULL;
 948		}
 949
 950		spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 951		cp_transaction = jh->b_cp_transaction;
 952		if (cp_transaction) {
 953			JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "remove from old cp transaction");
 954			cp_transaction->t_chp_stats.cs_dropped++;
 955			__jbd2_journal_remove_checkpoint(jh);
 956		}
 957
 958		/* Only re-checkpoint the buffer_head if it is marked
 959		 * dirty.  If the buffer was added to the BJ_Forget list
 960		 * by jbd2_journal_forget, it may no longer be dirty and
 961		 * there's no point in keeping a checkpoint record for
 962		 * it. */
 963
 964		/*
 965		* A buffer which has been freed while still being journaled by
 966		* a previous transaction.
 967		*/
 968		if (buffer_freed(bh)) {
 969			/*
 970			 * If the running transaction is the one containing
 971			 * "add to orphan" operation (b_next_transaction !=
 972			 * NULL), we have to wait for that transaction to
 973			 * commit before we can really get rid of the buffer.
 974			 * So just clear b_modified to not confuse transaction
 975			 * credit accounting and refile the buffer to
 976			 * BJ_Forget of the running transaction. If the just
 977			 * committed transaction contains "add to orphan"
 978			 * operation, we can completely invalidate the buffer
 979			 * now. We are rather through in that since the
 980			 * buffer may be still accessible when blocksize <
 981			 * pagesize and it is attached to the last partial
 982			 * page.
 983			 */
 984			jh->b_modified = 0;
 985			if (!jh->b_next_transaction) {
 986				clear_buffer_freed(bh);
 987				clear_buffer_jbddirty(bh);
 988				clear_buffer_mapped(bh);
 989				clear_buffer_new(bh);
 990				clear_buffer_req(bh);
 991				bh->b_bdev = NULL;
 992			}
 993		}
 994
 995		if (buffer_jbddirty(bh)) {
 996			JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "add to new checkpointing trans");
 997			__jbd2_journal_insert_checkpoint(jh, commit_transaction);
 998			if (is_journal_aborted(journal))
 999				clear_buffer_jbddirty(bh);
1000		} else {
1001			J_ASSERT_BH(bh, !buffer_dirty(bh));
1002			/*
1003			 * The buffer on BJ_Forget list and not jbddirty means
1004			 * it has been freed by this transaction and hence it
1005			 * could not have been reallocated until this
1006			 * transaction has committed. *BUT* it could be
1007			 * reallocated once we have written all the data to
1008			 * disk and before we process the buffer on BJ_Forget
1009			 * list.
1010			 */
1011			if (!jh->b_next_transaction)
1012				try_to_free = 1;
1013		}
1014		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "refile or unfile buffer");
1015		__jbd2_journal_refile_buffer(jh);
1016		jbd_unlock_bh_state(bh);
1017		if (try_to_free)
1018			release_buffer_page(bh);	/* Drops bh reference */
1019		else
1020			__brelse(bh);
1021		cond_resched_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1022	}
1023	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1024	/*
1025	 * This is a bit sleazy.  We use j_list_lock to protect transition
1026	 * of a transaction into T_FINISHED state and calling
1027	 * __jbd2_journal_drop_transaction(). Otherwise we could race with
1028	 * other checkpointing code processing the transaction...
1029	 */
1030	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1031	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1032	/*
1033	 * Now recheck if some buffers did not get attached to the transaction
1034	 * while the lock was dropped...
1035	 */
1036	if (commit_transaction->t_forget) {
1037		spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1038		write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1039		goto restart_loop;
1040	}
1041
1042	/* Add the transaction to the checkpoint list
1043	 * __journal_remove_checkpoint() can not destroy transaction
1044	 * under us because it is not marked as T_FINISHED yet */
1045	if (journal->j_checkpoint_transactions == NULL) {
1046		journal->j_checkpoint_transactions = commit_transaction;
1047		commit_transaction->t_cpnext = commit_transaction;
1048		commit_transaction->t_cpprev = commit_transaction;
1049	} else {
1050		commit_transaction->t_cpnext =
1051			journal->j_checkpoint_transactions;
1052		commit_transaction->t_cpprev =
1053			commit_transaction->t_cpnext->t_cpprev;
1054		commit_transaction->t_cpnext->t_cpprev =
1055			commit_transaction;
1056		commit_transaction->t_cpprev->t_cpnext =
1057				commit_transaction;
1058	}
1059	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1060
1061	/* Done with this transaction! */
1062
1063	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 7\n");
1064
1065	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_state == T_COMMIT_JFLUSH);
1066
1067	commit_transaction->t_start = jiffies;
1068	stats.run.rs_logging = jbd2_time_diff(stats.run.rs_logging,
1069					      commit_transaction->t_start);
1070
1071	/*
1072	 * File the transaction statistics
1073	 */
1074	stats.ts_tid = commit_transaction->t_tid;
1075	stats.run.rs_handle_count =
1076		atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_handle_count);
1077	trace_jbd2_run_stats(journal->j_fs_dev->bd_dev,
1078			     commit_transaction->t_tid, &stats.run);
1079	stats.ts_requested = (commit_transaction->t_requested) ? 1 : 0;
1080
1081	commit_transaction->t_state = T_COMMIT_CALLBACK;
1082	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction == journal->j_committing_transaction);
1083	journal->j_commit_sequence = commit_transaction->t_tid;
1084	journal->j_committing_transaction = NULL;
1085	commit_time = ktime_to_ns(ktime_sub(ktime_get(), start_time));
1086
1087	/*
1088	 * weight the commit time higher than the average time so we don't
1089	 * react too strongly to vast changes in the commit time
1090	 */
1091	if (likely(journal->j_average_commit_time))
1092		journal->j_average_commit_time = (commit_time +
1093				journal->j_average_commit_time*3) / 4;
1094	else
1095		journal->j_average_commit_time = commit_time;
1096
1097	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1098
1099	if (journal->j_commit_callback)
1100		journal->j_commit_callback(journal, commit_transaction);
1101
1102	trace_jbd2_end_commit(journal, commit_transaction);
1103	jbd_debug(1, "JBD2: commit %d complete, head %d\n",
1104		  journal->j_commit_sequence, journal->j_tail_sequence);
1105
1106	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1107	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1108	commit_transaction->t_state = T_FINISHED;
1109	/* Check if the transaction can be dropped now that we are finished */
1110	if (commit_transaction->t_checkpoint_list == NULL &&
1111	    commit_transaction->t_checkpoint_io_list == NULL) {
1112		__jbd2_journal_drop_transaction(journal, commit_transaction);
1113		jbd2_journal_free_transaction(commit_transaction);
1114	}
1115	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1116	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1117	wake_up(&journal->j_wait_done_commit);
1118
1119	/*
1120	 * Calculate overall stats
1121	 */
1122	spin_lock(&journal->j_history_lock);
1123	journal->j_stats.ts_tid++;
1124	journal->j_stats.ts_requested += stats.ts_requested;
1125	journal->j_stats.run.rs_wait += stats.run.rs_wait;
1126	journal->j_stats.run.rs_request_delay += stats.run.rs_request_delay;
1127	journal->j_stats.run.rs_running += stats.run.rs_running;
1128	journal->j_stats.run.rs_locked += stats.run.rs_locked;
1129	journal->j_stats.run.rs_flushing += stats.run.rs_flushing;
1130	journal->j_stats.run.rs_logging += stats.run.rs_logging;
1131	journal->j_stats.run.rs_handle_count += stats.run.rs_handle_count;
1132	journal->j_stats.run.rs_blocks += stats.run.rs_blocks;
1133	journal->j_stats.run.rs_blocks_logged += stats.run.rs_blocks_logged;
1134	spin_unlock(&journal->j_history_lock);
1135}
v3.15
   1/*
   2 * linux/fs/jbd2/commit.c
   3 *
   4 * Written by Stephen C. Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>, 1998
   5 *
   6 * Copyright 1998 Red Hat corp --- All Rights Reserved
   7 *
   8 * This file is part of the Linux kernel and is made available under
   9 * the terms of the GNU General Public License, version 2, or at your
  10 * option, any later version, incorporated herein by reference.
  11 *
  12 * Journal commit routines for the generic filesystem journaling code;
  13 * part of the ext2fs journaling system.
  14 */
  15
  16#include <linux/time.h>
  17#include <linux/fs.h>
  18#include <linux/jbd2.h>
  19#include <linux/errno.h>
  20#include <linux/slab.h>
  21#include <linux/mm.h>
  22#include <linux/pagemap.h>
  23#include <linux/jiffies.h>
  24#include <linux/crc32.h>
  25#include <linux/writeback.h>
  26#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
  27#include <linux/bio.h>
  28#include <linux/blkdev.h>
  29#include <linux/bitops.h>
  30#include <trace/events/jbd2.h>
  31
  32/*
  33 * IO end handler for temporary buffer_heads handling writes to the journal.
  34 */
  35static void journal_end_buffer_io_sync(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate)
  36{
  37	struct buffer_head *orig_bh = bh->b_private;
  38
  39	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "");
  40	if (uptodate)
  41		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
  42	else
  43		clear_buffer_uptodate(bh);
  44	if (orig_bh) {
  45		clear_bit_unlock(BH_Shadow, &orig_bh->b_state);
  46		smp_mb__after_clear_bit();
  47		wake_up_bit(&orig_bh->b_state, BH_Shadow);
  48	}
  49	unlock_buffer(bh);
  50}
  51
  52/*
  53 * When an ext4 file is truncated, it is possible that some pages are not
  54 * successfully freed, because they are attached to a committing transaction.
  55 * After the transaction commits, these pages are left on the LRU, with no
  56 * ->mapping, and with attached buffers.  These pages are trivially reclaimable
  57 * by the VM, but their apparent absence upsets the VM accounting, and it makes
  58 * the numbers in /proc/meminfo look odd.
  59 *
  60 * So here, we have a buffer which has just come off the forget list.  Look to
  61 * see if we can strip all buffers from the backing page.
  62 *
  63 * Called under lock_journal(), and possibly under journal_datalist_lock.  The
  64 * caller provided us with a ref against the buffer, and we drop that here.
  65 */
  66static void release_buffer_page(struct buffer_head *bh)
  67{
  68	struct page *page;
  69
  70	if (buffer_dirty(bh))
  71		goto nope;
  72	if (atomic_read(&bh->b_count) != 1)
  73		goto nope;
  74	page = bh->b_page;
  75	if (!page)
  76		goto nope;
  77	if (page->mapping)
  78		goto nope;
  79
  80	/* OK, it's a truncated page */
  81	if (!trylock_page(page))
  82		goto nope;
  83
  84	page_cache_get(page);
  85	__brelse(bh);
  86	try_to_free_buffers(page);
  87	unlock_page(page);
  88	page_cache_release(page);
  89	return;
  90
  91nope:
  92	__brelse(bh);
  93}
  94
  95static void jbd2_commit_block_csum_set(journal_t *j, struct buffer_head *bh)
  96{
  97	struct commit_header *h;
  98	__u32 csum;
  99
 100	if (!JBD2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(j, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V2))
 101		return;
 102
 103	h = (struct commit_header *)(bh->b_data);
 104	h->h_chksum_type = 0;
 105	h->h_chksum_size = 0;
 106	h->h_chksum[0] = 0;
 107	csum = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, bh->b_data, j->j_blocksize);
 108	h->h_chksum[0] = cpu_to_be32(csum);
 109}
 110
 111/*
 112 * Done it all: now submit the commit record.  We should have
 113 * cleaned up our previous buffers by now, so if we are in abort
 114 * mode we can now just skip the rest of the journal write
 115 * entirely.
 116 *
 117 * Returns 1 if the journal needs to be aborted or 0 on success
 118 */
 119static int journal_submit_commit_record(journal_t *journal,
 120					transaction_t *commit_transaction,
 121					struct buffer_head **cbh,
 122					__u32 crc32_sum)
 123{
 124	struct commit_header *tmp;
 125	struct buffer_head *bh;
 126	int ret;
 127	struct timespec now = current_kernel_time();
 128
 129	*cbh = NULL;
 130
 131	if (is_journal_aborted(journal))
 132		return 0;
 133
 134	bh = jbd2_journal_get_descriptor_buffer(journal);
 
 135	if (!bh)
 136		return 1;
 137
 138	tmp = (struct commit_header *)bh->b_data;
 139	tmp->h_magic = cpu_to_be32(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER);
 140	tmp->h_blocktype = cpu_to_be32(JBD2_COMMIT_BLOCK);
 141	tmp->h_sequence = cpu_to_be32(commit_transaction->t_tid);
 142	tmp->h_commit_sec = cpu_to_be64(now.tv_sec);
 143	tmp->h_commit_nsec = cpu_to_be32(now.tv_nsec);
 144
 145	if (JBD2_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(journal,
 146				    JBD2_FEATURE_COMPAT_CHECKSUM)) {
 147		tmp->h_chksum_type 	= JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM;
 148		tmp->h_chksum_size 	= JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM_SIZE;
 149		tmp->h_chksum[0] 	= cpu_to_be32(crc32_sum);
 150	}
 151	jbd2_commit_block_csum_set(journal, bh);
 152
 153	BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "submit commit block");
 154	lock_buffer(bh);
 155	clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
 156	set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
 157	bh->b_end_io = journal_end_buffer_io_sync;
 158
 159	if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER &&
 160	    !JBD2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(journal,
 161				       JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_ASYNC_COMMIT))
 162		ret = submit_bh(WRITE_SYNC | WRITE_FLUSH_FUA, bh);
 163	else
 164		ret = submit_bh(WRITE_SYNC, bh);
 165
 166	*cbh = bh;
 167	return ret;
 168}
 169
 170/*
 171 * This function along with journal_submit_commit_record
 172 * allows to write the commit record asynchronously.
 173 */
 174static int journal_wait_on_commit_record(journal_t *journal,
 175					 struct buffer_head *bh)
 176{
 177	int ret = 0;
 178
 179	clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
 180	wait_on_buffer(bh);
 181
 182	if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(bh)))
 183		ret = -EIO;
 184	put_bh(bh);            /* One for getblk() */
 185
 186	return ret;
 187}
 188
 189/*
 190 * write the filemap data using writepage() address_space_operations.
 191 * We don't do block allocation here even for delalloc. We don't
 192 * use writepages() because with dealyed allocation we may be doing
 193 * block allocation in writepages().
 194 */
 195static int journal_submit_inode_data_buffers(struct address_space *mapping)
 196{
 197	int ret;
 198	struct writeback_control wbc = {
 199		.sync_mode =  WB_SYNC_ALL,
 200		.nr_to_write = mapping->nrpages * 2,
 201		.range_start = 0,
 202		.range_end = i_size_read(mapping->host),
 203	};
 204
 205	ret = generic_writepages(mapping, &wbc);
 206	return ret;
 207}
 208
 209/*
 210 * Submit all the data buffers of inode associated with the transaction to
 211 * disk.
 212 *
 213 * We are in a committing transaction. Therefore no new inode can be added to
 214 * our inode list. We use JI_COMMIT_RUNNING flag to protect inode we currently
 215 * operate on from being released while we write out pages.
 216 */
 217static int journal_submit_data_buffers(journal_t *journal,
 218		transaction_t *commit_transaction)
 219{
 220	struct jbd2_inode *jinode;
 221	int err, ret = 0;
 222	struct address_space *mapping;
 223
 224	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 225	list_for_each_entry(jinode, &commit_transaction->t_inode_list, i_list) {
 226		mapping = jinode->i_vfs_inode->i_mapping;
 227		set_bit(__JI_COMMIT_RUNNING, &jinode->i_flags);
 228		spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 229		/*
 230		 * submit the inode data buffers. We use writepage
 231		 * instead of writepages. Because writepages can do
 232		 * block allocation  with delalloc. We need to write
 233		 * only allocated blocks here.
 234		 */
 235		trace_jbd2_submit_inode_data(jinode->i_vfs_inode);
 236		err = journal_submit_inode_data_buffers(mapping);
 237		if (!ret)
 238			ret = err;
 239		spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 240		J_ASSERT(jinode->i_transaction == commit_transaction);
 241		clear_bit(__JI_COMMIT_RUNNING, &jinode->i_flags);
 242		smp_mb__after_clear_bit();
 243		wake_up_bit(&jinode->i_flags, __JI_COMMIT_RUNNING);
 244	}
 245	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 246	return ret;
 247}
 248
 249/*
 250 * Wait for data submitted for writeout, refile inodes to proper
 251 * transaction if needed.
 252 *
 253 */
 254static int journal_finish_inode_data_buffers(journal_t *journal,
 255		transaction_t *commit_transaction)
 256{
 257	struct jbd2_inode *jinode, *next_i;
 258	int err, ret = 0;
 259
 260	/* For locking, see the comment in journal_submit_data_buffers() */
 261	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 262	list_for_each_entry(jinode, &commit_transaction->t_inode_list, i_list) {
 263		set_bit(__JI_COMMIT_RUNNING, &jinode->i_flags);
 264		spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 265		err = filemap_fdatawait(jinode->i_vfs_inode->i_mapping);
 266		if (err) {
 267			/*
 268			 * Because AS_EIO is cleared by
 269			 * filemap_fdatawait_range(), set it again so
 270			 * that user process can get -EIO from fsync().
 271			 */
 272			set_bit(AS_EIO,
 273				&jinode->i_vfs_inode->i_mapping->flags);
 274
 275			if (!ret)
 276				ret = err;
 277		}
 278		spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 279		clear_bit(__JI_COMMIT_RUNNING, &jinode->i_flags);
 280		smp_mb__after_clear_bit();
 281		wake_up_bit(&jinode->i_flags, __JI_COMMIT_RUNNING);
 282	}
 283
 284	/* Now refile inode to proper lists */
 285	list_for_each_entry_safe(jinode, next_i,
 286				 &commit_transaction->t_inode_list, i_list) {
 287		list_del(&jinode->i_list);
 288		if (jinode->i_next_transaction) {
 289			jinode->i_transaction = jinode->i_next_transaction;
 290			jinode->i_next_transaction = NULL;
 291			list_add(&jinode->i_list,
 292				&jinode->i_transaction->t_inode_list);
 293		} else {
 294			jinode->i_transaction = NULL;
 295		}
 296	}
 297	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 298
 299	return ret;
 300}
 301
 302static __u32 jbd2_checksum_data(__u32 crc32_sum, struct buffer_head *bh)
 303{
 304	struct page *page = bh->b_page;
 305	char *addr;
 306	__u32 checksum;
 307
 308	addr = kmap_atomic(page);
 309	checksum = crc32_be(crc32_sum,
 310		(void *)(addr + offset_in_page(bh->b_data)), bh->b_size);
 311	kunmap_atomic(addr);
 312
 313	return checksum;
 314}
 315
 316static void write_tag_block(int tag_bytes, journal_block_tag_t *tag,
 317				   unsigned long long block)
 318{
 319	tag->t_blocknr = cpu_to_be32(block & (u32)~0);
 320	if (tag_bytes > JBD2_TAG_SIZE32)
 321		tag->t_blocknr_high = cpu_to_be32((block >> 31) >> 1);
 322}
 323
 324static void jbd2_descr_block_csum_set(journal_t *j,
 325				      struct buffer_head *bh)
 326{
 327	struct jbd2_journal_block_tail *tail;
 328	__u32 csum;
 329
 330	if (!JBD2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(j, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V2))
 331		return;
 332
 333	tail = (struct jbd2_journal_block_tail *)(bh->b_data + j->j_blocksize -
 334			sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail));
 335	tail->t_checksum = 0;
 336	csum = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, bh->b_data, j->j_blocksize);
 337	tail->t_checksum = cpu_to_be32(csum);
 338}
 339
 340static void jbd2_block_tag_csum_set(journal_t *j, journal_block_tag_t *tag,
 341				    struct buffer_head *bh, __u32 sequence)
 342{
 
 343	struct page *page = bh->b_page;
 344	__u8 *addr;
 345	__u32 csum32;
 346	__be32 seq;
 347
 348	if (!JBD2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(j, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V2))
 349		return;
 350
 351	seq = cpu_to_be32(sequence);
 352	addr = kmap_atomic(page);
 353	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, (__u8 *)&seq, sizeof(seq));
 354	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, csum32, addr + offset_in_page(bh->b_data),
 355			     bh->b_size);
 356	kunmap_atomic(addr);
 357
 358	/* We only have space to store the lower 16 bits of the crc32c. */
 359	tag->t_checksum = cpu_to_be16(csum32);
 
 
 360}
 361/*
 362 * jbd2_journal_commit_transaction
 363 *
 364 * The primary function for committing a transaction to the log.  This
 365 * function is called by the journal thread to begin a complete commit.
 366 */
 367void jbd2_journal_commit_transaction(journal_t *journal)
 368{
 369	struct transaction_stats_s stats;
 370	transaction_t *commit_transaction;
 371	struct journal_head *jh;
 372	struct buffer_head *descriptor;
 373	struct buffer_head **wbuf = journal->j_wbuf;
 374	int bufs;
 375	int flags;
 376	int err;
 377	unsigned long long blocknr;
 378	ktime_t start_time;
 379	u64 commit_time;
 380	char *tagp = NULL;
 381	journal_header_t *header;
 382	journal_block_tag_t *tag = NULL;
 383	int space_left = 0;
 384	int first_tag = 0;
 385	int tag_flag;
 386	int i;
 387	int tag_bytes = journal_tag_bytes(journal);
 388	struct buffer_head *cbh = NULL; /* For transactional checksums */
 389	__u32 crc32_sum = ~0;
 390	struct blk_plug plug;
 391	/* Tail of the journal */
 392	unsigned long first_block;
 393	tid_t first_tid;
 394	int update_tail;
 395	int csum_size = 0;
 396	LIST_HEAD(io_bufs);
 397	LIST_HEAD(log_bufs);
 398
 399	if (JBD2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(journal, JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_CSUM_V2))
 400		csum_size = sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
 401
 402	/*
 403	 * First job: lock down the current transaction and wait for
 404	 * all outstanding updates to complete.
 405	 */
 406
 407	/* Do we need to erase the effects of a prior jbd2_journal_flush? */
 408	if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_FLUSHED) {
 409		jbd_debug(3, "super block updated\n");
 410		mutex_lock(&journal->j_checkpoint_mutex);
 411		/*
 412		 * We hold j_checkpoint_mutex so tail cannot change under us.
 413		 * We don't need any special data guarantees for writing sb
 414		 * since journal is empty and it is ok for write to be
 415		 * flushed only with transaction commit.
 416		 */
 417		jbd2_journal_update_sb_log_tail(journal,
 418						journal->j_tail_sequence,
 419						journal->j_tail,
 420						WRITE_SYNC);
 421		mutex_unlock(&journal->j_checkpoint_mutex);
 422	} else {
 423		jbd_debug(3, "superblock not updated\n");
 424	}
 425
 426	J_ASSERT(journal->j_running_transaction != NULL);
 427	J_ASSERT(journal->j_committing_transaction == NULL);
 428
 429	commit_transaction = journal->j_running_transaction;
 430
 431	trace_jbd2_start_commit(journal, commit_transaction);
 432	jbd_debug(1, "JBD2: starting commit of transaction %d\n",
 433			commit_transaction->t_tid);
 434
 435	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 436	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_state == T_RUNNING);
 437	commit_transaction->t_state = T_LOCKED;
 438
 439	trace_jbd2_commit_locking(journal, commit_transaction);
 440	stats.run.rs_wait = commit_transaction->t_max_wait;
 441	stats.run.rs_request_delay = 0;
 442	stats.run.rs_locked = jiffies;
 443	if (commit_transaction->t_requested)
 444		stats.run.rs_request_delay =
 445			jbd2_time_diff(commit_transaction->t_requested,
 446				       stats.run.rs_locked);
 447	stats.run.rs_running = jbd2_time_diff(commit_transaction->t_start,
 448					      stats.run.rs_locked);
 449
 450	spin_lock(&commit_transaction->t_handle_lock);
 451	while (atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_updates)) {
 452		DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
 453
 454		prepare_to_wait(&journal->j_wait_updates, &wait,
 455					TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
 456		if (atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_updates)) {
 457			spin_unlock(&commit_transaction->t_handle_lock);
 458			write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 459			schedule();
 460			write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 461			spin_lock(&commit_transaction->t_handle_lock);
 462		}
 463		finish_wait(&journal->j_wait_updates, &wait);
 464	}
 465	spin_unlock(&commit_transaction->t_handle_lock);
 466
 467	J_ASSERT (atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits) <=
 468			journal->j_max_transaction_buffers);
 469
 470	/*
 471	 * First thing we are allowed to do is to discard any remaining
 472	 * BJ_Reserved buffers.  Note, it is _not_ permissible to assume
 473	 * that there are no such buffers: if a large filesystem
 474	 * operation like a truncate needs to split itself over multiple
 475	 * transactions, then it may try to do a jbd2_journal_restart() while
 476	 * there are still BJ_Reserved buffers outstanding.  These must
 477	 * be released cleanly from the current transaction.
 478	 *
 479	 * In this case, the filesystem must still reserve write access
 480	 * again before modifying the buffer in the new transaction, but
 481	 * we do not require it to remember exactly which old buffers it
 482	 * has reserved.  This is consistent with the existing behaviour
 483	 * that multiple jbd2_journal_get_write_access() calls to the same
 484	 * buffer are perfectly permissible.
 485	 */
 486	while (commit_transaction->t_reserved_list) {
 487		jh = commit_transaction->t_reserved_list;
 488		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "reserved, unused: refile");
 489		/*
 490		 * A jbd2_journal_get_undo_access()+jbd2_journal_release_buffer() may
 491		 * leave undo-committed data.
 492		 */
 493		if (jh->b_committed_data) {
 494			struct buffer_head *bh = jh2bh(jh);
 495
 496			jbd_lock_bh_state(bh);
 497			jbd2_free(jh->b_committed_data, bh->b_size);
 498			jh->b_committed_data = NULL;
 499			jbd_unlock_bh_state(bh);
 500		}
 501		jbd2_journal_refile_buffer(journal, jh);
 502	}
 503
 504	/*
 505	 * Now try to drop any written-back buffers from the journal's
 506	 * checkpoint lists.  We do this *before* commit because it potentially
 507	 * frees some memory
 508	 */
 509	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 510	__jbd2_journal_clean_checkpoint_list(journal);
 511	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 512
 513	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 1\n");
 514
 515	/*
 516	 * Clear revoked flag to reflect there is no revoked buffers
 517	 * in the next transaction which is going to be started.
 518	 */
 519	jbd2_clear_buffer_revoked_flags(journal);
 520
 521	/*
 522	 * Switch to a new revoke table.
 523	 */
 524	jbd2_journal_switch_revoke_table(journal);
 525
 526	/*
 527	 * Reserved credits cannot be claimed anymore, free them
 528	 */
 529	atomic_sub(atomic_read(&journal->j_reserved_credits),
 530		   &commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits);
 531
 532	trace_jbd2_commit_flushing(journal, commit_transaction);
 533	stats.run.rs_flushing = jiffies;
 534	stats.run.rs_locked = jbd2_time_diff(stats.run.rs_locked,
 535					     stats.run.rs_flushing);
 536
 537	commit_transaction->t_state = T_FLUSH;
 538	journal->j_committing_transaction = commit_transaction;
 539	journal->j_running_transaction = NULL;
 540	start_time = ktime_get();
 541	commit_transaction->t_log_start = journal->j_head;
 542	wake_up(&journal->j_wait_transaction_locked);
 543	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 544
 545	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 2a\n");
 546
 547	/*
 548	 * Now start flushing things to disk, in the order they appear
 549	 * on the transaction lists.  Data blocks go first.
 550	 */
 551	err = journal_submit_data_buffers(journal, commit_transaction);
 552	if (err)
 553		jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 554
 555	blk_start_plug(&plug);
 556	jbd2_journal_write_revoke_records(journal, commit_transaction,
 557					  &log_bufs, WRITE_SYNC);
 558
 559	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 2b\n");
 560
 561	/*
 562	 * Way to go: we have now written out all of the data for a
 563	 * transaction!  Now comes the tricky part: we need to write out
 564	 * metadata.  Loop over the transaction's entire buffer list:
 565	 */
 566	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 567	commit_transaction->t_state = T_COMMIT;
 568	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 569
 570	trace_jbd2_commit_logging(journal, commit_transaction);
 571	stats.run.rs_logging = jiffies;
 572	stats.run.rs_flushing = jbd2_time_diff(stats.run.rs_flushing,
 573					       stats.run.rs_logging);
 574	stats.run.rs_blocks =
 575		atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits);
 576	stats.run.rs_blocks_logged = 0;
 577
 578	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_nr_buffers <=
 579		 atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits));
 580
 581	err = 0;
 582	bufs = 0;
 583	descriptor = NULL;
 584	while (commit_transaction->t_buffers) {
 585
 586		/* Find the next buffer to be journaled... */
 587
 588		jh = commit_transaction->t_buffers;
 589
 590		/* If we're in abort mode, we just un-journal the buffer and
 591		   release it. */
 592
 593		if (is_journal_aborted(journal)) {
 594			clear_buffer_jbddirty(jh2bh(jh));
 595			JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "journal is aborting: refile");
 596			jbd2_buffer_abort_trigger(jh,
 597						  jh->b_frozen_data ?
 598						  jh->b_frozen_triggers :
 599						  jh->b_triggers);
 600			jbd2_journal_refile_buffer(journal, jh);
 601			/* If that was the last one, we need to clean up
 602			 * any descriptor buffers which may have been
 603			 * already allocated, even if we are now
 604			 * aborting. */
 605			if (!commit_transaction->t_buffers)
 606				goto start_journal_io;
 607			continue;
 608		}
 609
 610		/* Make sure we have a descriptor block in which to
 611		   record the metadata buffer. */
 612
 613		if (!descriptor) {
 614			J_ASSERT (bufs == 0);
 615
 616			jbd_debug(4, "JBD2: get descriptor\n");
 617
 618			descriptor = jbd2_journal_get_descriptor_buffer(journal);
 
 
 619			if (!descriptor) {
 620				jbd2_journal_abort(journal, -EIO);
 621				continue;
 622			}
 623
 624			jbd_debug(4, "JBD2: got buffer %llu (%p)\n",
 625				(unsigned long long)descriptor->b_blocknr,
 626				descriptor->b_data);
 627			header = (journal_header_t *)descriptor->b_data;
 628			header->h_magic     = cpu_to_be32(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER);
 629			header->h_blocktype = cpu_to_be32(JBD2_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK);
 630			header->h_sequence  = cpu_to_be32(commit_transaction->t_tid);
 631
 632			tagp = &descriptor->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
 633			space_left = descriptor->b_size -
 634						sizeof(journal_header_t);
 635			first_tag = 1;
 636			set_buffer_jwrite(descriptor);
 637			set_buffer_dirty(descriptor);
 638			wbuf[bufs++] = descriptor;
 639
 640			/* Record it so that we can wait for IO
 641                           completion later */
 642			BUFFER_TRACE(descriptor, "ph3: file as descriptor");
 643			jbd2_file_log_bh(&log_bufs, descriptor);
 644		}
 645
 646		/* Where is the buffer to be written? */
 647
 648		err = jbd2_journal_next_log_block(journal, &blocknr);
 649		/* If the block mapping failed, just abandon the buffer
 650		   and repeat this loop: we'll fall into the
 651		   refile-on-abort condition above. */
 652		if (err) {
 653			jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 654			continue;
 655		}
 656
 657		/*
 658		 * start_this_handle() uses t_outstanding_credits to determine
 659		 * the free space in the log, but this counter is changed
 660		 * by jbd2_journal_next_log_block() also.
 661		 */
 662		atomic_dec(&commit_transaction->t_outstanding_credits);
 663
 664		/* Bump b_count to prevent truncate from stumbling over
 665                   the shadowed buffer!  @@@ This can go if we ever get
 666                   rid of the shadow pairing of buffers. */
 667		atomic_inc(&jh2bh(jh)->b_count);
 668
 669		/*
 670		 * Make a temporary IO buffer with which to write it out
 671		 * (this will requeue the metadata buffer to BJ_Shadow).
 672		 */
 673		set_bit(BH_JWrite, &jh2bh(jh)->b_state);
 674		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "ph3: write metadata");
 675		flags = jbd2_journal_write_metadata_buffer(commit_transaction,
 676						jh, &wbuf[bufs], blocknr);
 677		if (flags < 0) {
 678			jbd2_journal_abort(journal, flags);
 679			continue;
 680		}
 681		jbd2_file_log_bh(&io_bufs, wbuf[bufs]);
 682
 683		/* Record the new block's tag in the current descriptor
 684                   buffer */
 685
 686		tag_flag = 0;
 687		if (flags & 1)
 688			tag_flag |= JBD2_FLAG_ESCAPE;
 689		if (!first_tag)
 690			tag_flag |= JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID;
 691
 692		tag = (journal_block_tag_t *) tagp;
 693		write_tag_block(tag_bytes, tag, jh2bh(jh)->b_blocknr);
 694		tag->t_flags = cpu_to_be16(tag_flag);
 695		jbd2_block_tag_csum_set(journal, tag, wbuf[bufs],
 696					commit_transaction->t_tid);
 697		tagp += tag_bytes;
 698		space_left -= tag_bytes;
 699		bufs++;
 700
 701		if (first_tag) {
 702			memcpy (tagp, journal->j_uuid, 16);
 703			tagp += 16;
 704			space_left -= 16;
 705			first_tag = 0;
 706		}
 707
 708		/* If there's no more to do, or if the descriptor is full,
 709		   let the IO rip! */
 710
 711		if (bufs == journal->j_wbufsize ||
 712		    commit_transaction->t_buffers == NULL ||
 713		    space_left < tag_bytes + 16 + csum_size) {
 714
 715			jbd_debug(4, "JBD2: Submit %d IOs\n", bufs);
 716
 717			/* Write an end-of-descriptor marker before
 718                           submitting the IOs.  "tag" still points to
 719                           the last tag we set up. */
 720
 721			tag->t_flags |= cpu_to_be16(JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG);
 722
 723			jbd2_descr_block_csum_set(journal, descriptor);
 724start_journal_io:
 725			for (i = 0; i < bufs; i++) {
 726				struct buffer_head *bh = wbuf[i];
 727				/*
 728				 * Compute checksum.
 729				 */
 730				if (JBD2_HAS_COMPAT_FEATURE(journal,
 731					JBD2_FEATURE_COMPAT_CHECKSUM)) {
 732					crc32_sum =
 733					    jbd2_checksum_data(crc32_sum, bh);
 734				}
 735
 736				lock_buffer(bh);
 737				clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
 738				set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
 739				bh->b_end_io = journal_end_buffer_io_sync;
 740				submit_bh(WRITE_SYNC, bh);
 741			}
 742			cond_resched();
 743			stats.run.rs_blocks_logged += bufs;
 744
 745			/* Force a new descriptor to be generated next
 746                           time round the loop. */
 747			descriptor = NULL;
 748			bufs = 0;
 749		}
 750	}
 751
 752	err = journal_finish_inode_data_buffers(journal, commit_transaction);
 753	if (err) {
 754		printk(KERN_WARNING
 755			"JBD2: Detected IO errors while flushing file data "
 756		       "on %s\n", journal->j_devname);
 757		if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_ABORT_ON_SYNCDATA_ERR)
 758			jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 759		err = 0;
 760	}
 761
 762	/*
 763	 * Get current oldest transaction in the log before we issue flush
 764	 * to the filesystem device. After the flush we can be sure that
 765	 * blocks of all older transactions are checkpointed to persistent
 766	 * storage and we will be safe to update journal start in the
 767	 * superblock with the numbers we get here.
 768	 */
 769	update_tail =
 770		jbd2_journal_get_log_tail(journal, &first_tid, &first_block);
 771
 772	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 773	if (update_tail) {
 774		long freed = first_block - journal->j_tail;
 775
 776		if (first_block < journal->j_tail)
 777			freed += journal->j_last - journal->j_first;
 778		/* Update tail only if we free significant amount of space */
 779		if (freed < journal->j_maxlen / 4)
 780			update_tail = 0;
 781	}
 782	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_state == T_COMMIT);
 783	commit_transaction->t_state = T_COMMIT_DFLUSH;
 784	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 785
 786	/* 
 787	 * If the journal is not located on the file system device,
 788	 * then we must flush the file system device before we issue
 789	 * the commit record
 790	 */
 791	if (commit_transaction->t_need_data_flush &&
 792	    (journal->j_fs_dev != journal->j_dev) &&
 793	    (journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER))
 794		blkdev_issue_flush(journal->j_fs_dev, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
 795
 796	/* Done it all: now write the commit record asynchronously. */
 797	if (JBD2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(journal,
 798				      JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_ASYNC_COMMIT)) {
 799		err = journal_submit_commit_record(journal, commit_transaction,
 800						 &cbh, crc32_sum);
 801		if (err)
 802			__jbd2_journal_abort_hard(journal);
 803	}
 804
 805	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
 806
 807	/* Lo and behold: we have just managed to send a transaction to
 808           the log.  Before we can commit it, wait for the IO so far to
 809           complete.  Control buffers being written are on the
 810           transaction's t_log_list queue, and metadata buffers are on
 811           the io_bufs list.
 812
 813	   Wait for the buffers in reverse order.  That way we are
 814	   less likely to be woken up until all IOs have completed, and
 815	   so we incur less scheduling load.
 816	*/
 817
 818	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 3\n");
 819
 820	while (!list_empty(&io_bufs)) {
 821		struct buffer_head *bh = list_entry(io_bufs.prev,
 822						    struct buffer_head,
 823						    b_assoc_buffers);
 824
 825		wait_on_buffer(bh);
 826		cond_resched();
 827
 828		if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(bh)))
 829			err = -EIO;
 830		jbd2_unfile_log_bh(bh);
 831
 832		/*
 833		 * The list contains temporary buffer heads created by
 834		 * jbd2_journal_write_metadata_buffer().
 835		 */
 836		BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "dumping temporary bh");
 837		__brelse(bh);
 838		J_ASSERT_BH(bh, atomic_read(&bh->b_count) == 0);
 839		free_buffer_head(bh);
 840
 841		/* We also have to refile the corresponding shadowed buffer */
 842		jh = commit_transaction->t_shadow_list->b_tprev;
 843		bh = jh2bh(jh);
 844		clear_buffer_jwrite(bh);
 845		J_ASSERT_BH(bh, buffer_jbddirty(bh));
 846		J_ASSERT_BH(bh, !buffer_shadow(bh));
 847
 848		/* The metadata is now released for reuse, but we need
 849                   to remember it against this transaction so that when
 850                   we finally commit, we can do any checkpointing
 851                   required. */
 852		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "file as BJ_Forget");
 853		jbd2_journal_file_buffer(jh, commit_transaction, BJ_Forget);
 854		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "brelse shadowed buffer");
 855		__brelse(bh);
 856	}
 857
 858	J_ASSERT (commit_transaction->t_shadow_list == NULL);
 859
 860	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 4\n");
 861
 862	/* Here we wait for the revoke record and descriptor record buffers */
 863	while (!list_empty(&log_bufs)) {
 864		struct buffer_head *bh;
 865
 866		bh = list_entry(log_bufs.prev, struct buffer_head, b_assoc_buffers);
 867		wait_on_buffer(bh);
 868		cond_resched();
 869
 870		if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(bh)))
 871			err = -EIO;
 872
 873		BUFFER_TRACE(bh, "ph5: control buffer writeout done: unfile");
 874		clear_buffer_jwrite(bh);
 875		jbd2_unfile_log_bh(bh);
 876		__brelse(bh);		/* One for getblk */
 877		/* AKPM: bforget here */
 878	}
 879
 880	if (err)
 881		jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 882
 883	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 5\n");
 884	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 885	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_state == T_COMMIT_DFLUSH);
 886	commit_transaction->t_state = T_COMMIT_JFLUSH;
 887	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
 888
 889	if (!JBD2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(journal,
 890				       JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_ASYNC_COMMIT)) {
 891		err = journal_submit_commit_record(journal, commit_transaction,
 892						&cbh, crc32_sum);
 893		if (err)
 894			__jbd2_journal_abort_hard(journal);
 895	}
 896	if (cbh)
 897		err = journal_wait_on_commit_record(journal, cbh);
 898	if (JBD2_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(journal,
 899				      JBD2_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_ASYNC_COMMIT) &&
 900	    journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER) {
 901		blkdev_issue_flush(journal->j_dev, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
 902	}
 903
 904	if (err)
 905		jbd2_journal_abort(journal, err);
 906
 907	/*
 908	 * Now disk caches for filesystem device are flushed so we are safe to
 909	 * erase checkpointed transactions from the log by updating journal
 910	 * superblock.
 911	 */
 912	if (update_tail)
 913		jbd2_update_log_tail(journal, first_tid, first_block);
 914
 915	/* End of a transaction!  Finally, we can do checkpoint
 916           processing: any buffers committed as a result of this
 917           transaction can be removed from any checkpoint list it was on
 918           before. */
 919
 920	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 6\n");
 921
 922	J_ASSERT(list_empty(&commit_transaction->t_inode_list));
 923	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_buffers == NULL);
 924	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_checkpoint_list == NULL);
 925	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_shadow_list == NULL);
 926
 927restart_loop:
 928	/*
 929	 * As there are other places (journal_unmap_buffer()) adding buffers
 930	 * to this list we have to be careful and hold the j_list_lock.
 931	 */
 932	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 933	while (commit_transaction->t_forget) {
 934		transaction_t *cp_transaction;
 935		struct buffer_head *bh;
 936		int try_to_free = 0;
 937
 938		jh = commit_transaction->t_forget;
 939		spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 940		bh = jh2bh(jh);
 941		/*
 942		 * Get a reference so that bh cannot be freed before we are
 943		 * done with it.
 944		 */
 945		get_bh(bh);
 946		jbd_lock_bh_state(bh);
 947		J_ASSERT_JH(jh,	jh->b_transaction == commit_transaction);
 948
 949		/*
 950		 * If there is undo-protected committed data against
 951		 * this buffer, then we can remove it now.  If it is a
 952		 * buffer needing such protection, the old frozen_data
 953		 * field now points to a committed version of the
 954		 * buffer, so rotate that field to the new committed
 955		 * data.
 956		 *
 957		 * Otherwise, we can just throw away the frozen data now.
 958		 *
 959		 * We also know that the frozen data has already fired
 960		 * its triggers if they exist, so we can clear that too.
 961		 */
 962		if (jh->b_committed_data) {
 963			jbd2_free(jh->b_committed_data, bh->b_size);
 964			jh->b_committed_data = NULL;
 965			if (jh->b_frozen_data) {
 966				jh->b_committed_data = jh->b_frozen_data;
 967				jh->b_frozen_data = NULL;
 968				jh->b_frozen_triggers = NULL;
 969			}
 970		} else if (jh->b_frozen_data) {
 971			jbd2_free(jh->b_frozen_data, bh->b_size);
 972			jh->b_frozen_data = NULL;
 973			jh->b_frozen_triggers = NULL;
 974		}
 975
 976		spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
 977		cp_transaction = jh->b_cp_transaction;
 978		if (cp_transaction) {
 979			JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "remove from old cp transaction");
 980			cp_transaction->t_chp_stats.cs_dropped++;
 981			__jbd2_journal_remove_checkpoint(jh);
 982		}
 983
 984		/* Only re-checkpoint the buffer_head if it is marked
 985		 * dirty.  If the buffer was added to the BJ_Forget list
 986		 * by jbd2_journal_forget, it may no longer be dirty and
 987		 * there's no point in keeping a checkpoint record for
 988		 * it. */
 989
 990		/*
 991		* A buffer which has been freed while still being journaled by
 992		* a previous transaction.
 993		*/
 994		if (buffer_freed(bh)) {
 995			/*
 996			 * If the running transaction is the one containing
 997			 * "add to orphan" operation (b_next_transaction !=
 998			 * NULL), we have to wait for that transaction to
 999			 * commit before we can really get rid of the buffer.
1000			 * So just clear b_modified to not confuse transaction
1001			 * credit accounting and refile the buffer to
1002			 * BJ_Forget of the running transaction. If the just
1003			 * committed transaction contains "add to orphan"
1004			 * operation, we can completely invalidate the buffer
1005			 * now. We are rather through in that since the
1006			 * buffer may be still accessible when blocksize <
1007			 * pagesize and it is attached to the last partial
1008			 * page.
1009			 */
1010			jh->b_modified = 0;
1011			if (!jh->b_next_transaction) {
1012				clear_buffer_freed(bh);
1013				clear_buffer_jbddirty(bh);
1014				clear_buffer_mapped(bh);
1015				clear_buffer_new(bh);
1016				clear_buffer_req(bh);
1017				bh->b_bdev = NULL;
1018			}
1019		}
1020
1021		if (buffer_jbddirty(bh)) {
1022			JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "add to new checkpointing trans");
1023			__jbd2_journal_insert_checkpoint(jh, commit_transaction);
1024			if (is_journal_aborted(journal))
1025				clear_buffer_jbddirty(bh);
1026		} else {
1027			J_ASSERT_BH(bh, !buffer_dirty(bh));
1028			/*
1029			 * The buffer on BJ_Forget list and not jbddirty means
1030			 * it has been freed by this transaction and hence it
1031			 * could not have been reallocated until this
1032			 * transaction has committed. *BUT* it could be
1033			 * reallocated once we have written all the data to
1034			 * disk and before we process the buffer on BJ_Forget
1035			 * list.
1036			 */
1037			if (!jh->b_next_transaction)
1038				try_to_free = 1;
1039		}
1040		JBUFFER_TRACE(jh, "refile or unfile buffer");
1041		__jbd2_journal_refile_buffer(jh);
1042		jbd_unlock_bh_state(bh);
1043		if (try_to_free)
1044			release_buffer_page(bh);	/* Drops bh reference */
1045		else
1046			__brelse(bh);
1047		cond_resched_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1048	}
1049	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1050	/*
1051	 * This is a bit sleazy.  We use j_list_lock to protect transition
1052	 * of a transaction into T_FINISHED state and calling
1053	 * __jbd2_journal_drop_transaction(). Otherwise we could race with
1054	 * other checkpointing code processing the transaction...
1055	 */
1056	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1057	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1058	/*
1059	 * Now recheck if some buffers did not get attached to the transaction
1060	 * while the lock was dropped...
1061	 */
1062	if (commit_transaction->t_forget) {
1063		spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1064		write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1065		goto restart_loop;
1066	}
1067
1068	/* Add the transaction to the checkpoint list
1069	 * __journal_remove_checkpoint() can not destroy transaction
1070	 * under us because it is not marked as T_FINISHED yet */
1071	if (journal->j_checkpoint_transactions == NULL) {
1072		journal->j_checkpoint_transactions = commit_transaction;
1073		commit_transaction->t_cpnext = commit_transaction;
1074		commit_transaction->t_cpprev = commit_transaction;
1075	} else {
1076		commit_transaction->t_cpnext =
1077			journal->j_checkpoint_transactions;
1078		commit_transaction->t_cpprev =
1079			commit_transaction->t_cpnext->t_cpprev;
1080		commit_transaction->t_cpnext->t_cpprev =
1081			commit_transaction;
1082		commit_transaction->t_cpprev->t_cpnext =
1083				commit_transaction;
1084	}
1085	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1086
1087	/* Done with this transaction! */
1088
1089	jbd_debug(3, "JBD2: commit phase 7\n");
1090
1091	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction->t_state == T_COMMIT_JFLUSH);
1092
1093	commit_transaction->t_start = jiffies;
1094	stats.run.rs_logging = jbd2_time_diff(stats.run.rs_logging,
1095					      commit_transaction->t_start);
1096
1097	/*
1098	 * File the transaction statistics
1099	 */
1100	stats.ts_tid = commit_transaction->t_tid;
1101	stats.run.rs_handle_count =
1102		atomic_read(&commit_transaction->t_handle_count);
1103	trace_jbd2_run_stats(journal->j_fs_dev->bd_dev,
1104			     commit_transaction->t_tid, &stats.run);
1105	stats.ts_requested = (commit_transaction->t_requested) ? 1 : 0;
1106
1107	commit_transaction->t_state = T_COMMIT_CALLBACK;
1108	J_ASSERT(commit_transaction == journal->j_committing_transaction);
1109	journal->j_commit_sequence = commit_transaction->t_tid;
1110	journal->j_committing_transaction = NULL;
1111	commit_time = ktime_to_ns(ktime_sub(ktime_get(), start_time));
1112
1113	/*
1114	 * weight the commit time higher than the average time so we don't
1115	 * react too strongly to vast changes in the commit time
1116	 */
1117	if (likely(journal->j_average_commit_time))
1118		journal->j_average_commit_time = (commit_time +
1119				journal->j_average_commit_time*3) / 4;
1120	else
1121		journal->j_average_commit_time = commit_time;
1122
1123	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1124
1125	if (journal->j_commit_callback)
1126		journal->j_commit_callback(journal, commit_transaction);
1127
1128	trace_jbd2_end_commit(journal, commit_transaction);
1129	jbd_debug(1, "JBD2: commit %d complete, head %d\n",
1130		  journal->j_commit_sequence, journal->j_tail_sequence);
1131
1132	write_lock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1133	spin_lock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1134	commit_transaction->t_state = T_FINISHED;
1135	/* Check if the transaction can be dropped now that we are finished */
1136	if (commit_transaction->t_checkpoint_list == NULL &&
1137	    commit_transaction->t_checkpoint_io_list == NULL) {
1138		__jbd2_journal_drop_transaction(journal, commit_transaction);
1139		jbd2_journal_free_transaction(commit_transaction);
1140	}
1141	spin_unlock(&journal->j_list_lock);
1142	write_unlock(&journal->j_state_lock);
1143	wake_up(&journal->j_wait_done_commit);
1144
1145	/*
1146	 * Calculate overall stats
1147	 */
1148	spin_lock(&journal->j_history_lock);
1149	journal->j_stats.ts_tid++;
1150	journal->j_stats.ts_requested += stats.ts_requested;
1151	journal->j_stats.run.rs_wait += stats.run.rs_wait;
1152	journal->j_stats.run.rs_request_delay += stats.run.rs_request_delay;
1153	journal->j_stats.run.rs_running += stats.run.rs_running;
1154	journal->j_stats.run.rs_locked += stats.run.rs_locked;
1155	journal->j_stats.run.rs_flushing += stats.run.rs_flushing;
1156	journal->j_stats.run.rs_logging += stats.run.rs_logging;
1157	journal->j_stats.run.rs_handle_count += stats.run.rs_handle_count;
1158	journal->j_stats.run.rs_blocks += stats.run.rs_blocks;
1159	journal->j_stats.run.rs_blocks_logged += stats.run.rs_blocks_logged;
1160	spin_unlock(&journal->j_history_lock);
1161}