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v4.17
  1perf-c2c(1)
  2===========
  3
  4NAME
  5----
  6perf-c2c - Shared Data C2C/HITM Analyzer.
  7
  8SYNOPSIS
  9--------
 10[verse]
 11'perf c2c record' [<options>] <command>
 12'perf c2c record' [<options>] -- [<record command options>] <command>
 13'perf c2c report' [<options>]
 14
 15DESCRIPTION
 16-----------
 17C2C stands for Cache To Cache.
 18
 19The perf c2c tool provides means for Shared Data C2C/HITM analysis. It allows
 20you to track down the cacheline contentions.
 21
 22The tool is based on x86's load latency and precise store facility events
 23provided by Intel CPUs. These events provide:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 24  - memory address of the access
 25  - type of the access (load and store details)
 26  - latency (in cycles) of the load access
 27
 28The c2c tool provide means to record this data and report back access details
 29for cachelines with highest contention - highest number of HITM accesses.
 30
 31The basic workflow with this tool follows the standard record/report phase.
 32User uses the record command to record events data and report command to
 33display it.
 34
 35
 36RECORD OPTIONS
 37--------------
 38-e::
 39--event=::
 40	Select the PMU event. Use 'perf mem record -e list'
 41	to list available events.
 42
 43-v::
 44--verbose::
 45	Be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc).
 46
 47-l::
 48--ldlat::
 49	Configure mem-loads latency.
 
 50
 51-k::
 52--all-kernel::
 53	Configure all used events to run in kernel space.
 54
 55-u::
 56--all-user::
 57	Configure all used events to run in user space.
 58
 59REPORT OPTIONS
 60--------------
 61-k::
 62--vmlinux=<file>::
 63	vmlinux pathname
 64
 65-v::
 66--verbose::
 67	Be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc).
 68
 69-i::
 70--input::
 71	Specify the input file to process.
 72
 73-N::
 74--node-info::
 75	Show extra node info in report (see NODE INFO section)
 76
 77-c::
 78--coalesce::
 79	Specify sorting fields for single cacheline display.
 80	Following fields are available: tid,pid,iaddr,dso
 81	(see COALESCE)
 82
 83-g::
 84--call-graph::
 85	Setup callchains parameters.
 86	Please refer to perf-report man page for details.
 87
 88--stdio::
 89	Force the stdio output (see STDIO OUTPUT)
 90
 91--stats::
 92	Display only statistic tables and force stdio mode.
 93
 94--full-symbols::
 95	Display full length of symbols.
 96
 97--no-source::
 98	Do not display Source:Line column.
 99
100--show-all::
101	Show all captured HITM lines, with no regard to HITM % 0.0005 limit.
102
103-f::
104--force::
105	Don't do ownership validation.
106
107-d::
108--display::
109	Switch to HITM type (rmt, lcl) to display and sort on. Total HITMs as default.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
110
111C2C RECORD
112----------
113The perf c2c record command setup options related to HITM cacheline analysis
114and calls standard perf record command.
115
116Following perf record options are configured by default:
117(check perf record man page for details)
118
119  -W,-d,--phys-data,--sample-cpu
120
121Unless specified otherwise with '-e' option, following events are monitored by
122default:
123
124  cpu/mem-loads,ldlat=30/P
125  cpu/mem-stores/P
126
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
127User can pass any 'perf record' option behind '--' mark, like (to enable
128callchains and system wide monitoring):
129
130  $ perf c2c record -- -g -a
131
132Please check RECORD OPTIONS section for specific c2c record options.
133
134C2C REPORT
135----------
136The perf c2c report command displays shared data analysis.  It comes in two
137display modes: stdio and tui (default).
138
139The report command workflow is following:
140  - sort all the data based on the cacheline address
141  - store access details for each cacheline
142  - sort all cachelines based on user settings
143  - display data
144
145In general perf report output consist of 2 basic views:
146  1) most expensive cachelines list
147  2) offsets details for each cacheline
148
149For each cacheline in the 1) list we display following data:
150(Both stdio and TUI modes follow the same fields output)
151
152  Index
153  - zero based index to identify the cacheline
154
155  Cacheline
156  - cacheline address (hex number)
157
158  Total records
159  - sum of all cachelines accesses
160
161  Rmt/Lcl Hitm
162  - cacheline percentage of all Remote/Local HITM accesses
163
164  LLC Load Hitm - Total, Lcl, Rmt
165  - count of Total/Local/Remote load HITMs
166
167  Store Reference - Total, L1Hit, L1Miss
168    Total - all store accesses
169    L1Hit - store accesses that hit L1
170    L1Hit - store accesses that missed L1
171
172  Load Dram
173  - count of local and remote DRAM accesses
174
175  LLC Ld Miss
176  - count of all accesses that missed LLC
177
178  Total Loads
179  - sum of all load accesses
180
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
181  Core Load Hit - FB, L1, L2
182  - count of load hits in FB (Fill Buffer), L1 and L2 cache
183
184  LLC Load Hit - Llc, Rmt
185  - count of LLC and Remote load hits
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
186
187For each offset in the 2) list we display following data:
188
189  HITM - Rmt, Lcl
190  - % of Remote/Local HITM accesses for given offset within cacheline
191
192  Store Refs - L1 Hit, L1 Miss
193  - % of store accesses that hit/missed L1 for given offset within cacheline
 
 
 
 
194
195  Data address - Offset
196  - offset address
197
198  Pid
199  - pid of the process responsible for the accesses
200
201  Tid
202  - tid of the process responsible for the accesses
203
204  Code address
205  - code address responsible for the accesses
206
207  cycles - rmt hitm, lcl hitm, load
208    - sum of cycles for given accesses - Remote/Local HITM and generic load
209
 
 
 
210  cpu cnt
211    - number of cpus that participated on the access
212
213  Symbol
214    - code symbol related to the 'Code address' value
215
216  Shared Object
217    - shared object name related to the 'Code address' value
218
219  Source:Line
220    - source information related to the 'Code address' value
221
222  Node
223    - nodes participating on the access (see NODE INFO section)
224
225NODE INFO
226---------
227The 'Node' field displays nodes that accesses given cacheline
228offset. Its output comes in 3 flavors:
229  - node IDs separated by ','
230  - node IDs with stats for each ID, in following format:
231      Node{cpus %hitms %stores}
 
232  - node IDs with list of affected CPUs in following format:
233      Node{cpu list}
234
235User can switch between above flavors with -N option or
236use 'n' key to interactively switch in TUI mode.
237
238COALESCE
239--------
240User can specify how to sort offsets for cacheline.
241
242Following fields are available and governs the final
243output fields set for caheline offsets output:
244
245  tid   - coalesced by process TIDs
246  pid   - coalesced by process PIDs
247  iaddr - coalesced by code address, following fields are displayed:
248             Code address, Code symbol, Shared Object, Source line
249  dso   - coalesced by shared object
250
251By default the coalescing is setup with 'pid,iaddr'.
252
253STDIO OUTPUT
254------------
255The stdio output displays data on standard output.
256
257Following tables are displayed:
258  Trace Event Information
259  - overall statistics of memory accesses
260
261  Global Shared Cache Line Event Information
262  - overall statistics on shared cachelines
263
264  Shared Data Cache Line Table
265  - list of most expensive cachelines
266
267  Shared Cache Line Distribution Pareto
268  - list of all accessed offsets for each cacheline
269
270TUI OUTPUT
271----------
272The TUI output provides interactive interface to navigate
273through cachelines list and to display offset details.
274
275For details please refer to the help window by pressing '?' key.
276
277CREDITS
278-------
279Although Don Zickus, Dick Fowles and Joe Mario worked together
280to get this implemented, we got lots of early help from Arnaldo
281Carvalho de Melo, Stephane Eranian, Jiri Olsa and Andi Kleen.
282
283C2C BLOG
284--------
285Check Joe's blog on c2c tool for detailed use case explanation:
286  https://joemario.github.io/blog/2016/09/01/c2c-blog/
287
288SEE ALSO
289--------
290linkperf:perf-record[1], linkperf:perf-mem[1]
v6.8
  1perf-c2c(1)
  2===========
  3
  4NAME
  5----
  6perf-c2c - Shared Data C2C/HITM Analyzer.
  7
  8SYNOPSIS
  9--------
 10[verse]
 11'perf c2c record' [<options>] <command>
 12'perf c2c record' [<options>] \-- [<record command options>] <command>
 13'perf c2c report' [<options>]
 14
 15DESCRIPTION
 16-----------
 17C2C stands for Cache To Cache.
 18
 19The perf c2c tool provides means for Shared Data C2C/HITM analysis. It allows
 20you to track down the cacheline contentions.
 21
 22On Intel, the tool is based on load latency and precise store facility events
 23provided by Intel CPUs. On PowerPC, the tool uses random instruction sampling
 24with thresholding feature. On AMD, the tool uses IBS op pmu (due to hardware
 25limitations, perf c2c is not supported on Zen3 cpus). On Arm64 it uses SPE to
 26sample load and store operations, therefore hardware and kernel support is
 27required. See linkperf:perf-arm-spe[1] for a setup guide. Due to the
 28statistical nature of Arm SPE sampling, not every memory operation will be
 29sampled.
 30
 31These events provide:
 32  - memory address of the access
 33  - type of the access (load and store details)
 34  - latency (in cycles) of the load access
 35
 36The c2c tool provide means to record this data and report back access details
 37for cachelines with highest contention - highest number of HITM accesses.
 38
 39The basic workflow with this tool follows the standard record/report phase.
 40User uses the record command to record events data and report command to
 41display it.
 42
 43
 44RECORD OPTIONS
 45--------------
 46-e::
 47--event=::
 48	Select the PMU event. Use 'perf c2c record -e list'
 49	to list available events.
 50
 51-v::
 52--verbose::
 53	Be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc).
 54
 55-l::
 56--ldlat::
 57	Configure mem-loads latency. Supported on Intel and Arm64 processors
 58	only. Ignored on other archs.
 59
 60-k::
 61--all-kernel::
 62	Configure all used events to run in kernel space.
 63
 64-u::
 65--all-user::
 66	Configure all used events to run in user space.
 67
 68REPORT OPTIONS
 69--------------
 70-k::
 71--vmlinux=<file>::
 72	vmlinux pathname
 73
 74-v::
 75--verbose::
 76	Be more verbose (show counter open errors, etc).
 77
 78-i::
 79--input::
 80	Specify the input file to process.
 81
 82-N::
 83--node-info::
 84	Show extra node info in report (see NODE INFO section)
 85
 86-c::
 87--coalesce::
 88	Specify sorting fields for single cacheline display.
 89	Following fields are available: tid,pid,iaddr,dso
 90	(see COALESCE)
 91
 92-g::
 93--call-graph::
 94	Setup callchains parameters.
 95	Please refer to perf-report man page for details.
 96
 97--stdio::
 98	Force the stdio output (see STDIO OUTPUT)
 99
100--stats::
101	Display only statistic tables and force stdio mode.
102
103--full-symbols::
104	Display full length of symbols.
105
106--no-source::
107	Do not display Source:Line column.
108
109--show-all::
110	Show all captured HITM lines, with no regard to HITM % 0.0005 limit.
111
112-f::
113--force::
114	Don't do ownership validation.
115
116-d::
117--display::
118	Switch to HITM type (rmt, lcl) or peer snooping type (peer) to display
119	and sort on. Total HITMs (tot) as default, except Arm64 uses peer mode
120	as default.
121
122--stitch-lbr::
123	Show callgraph with stitched LBRs, which may have more complete
124	callgraph. The perf.data file must have been obtained using
125	perf c2c record --call-graph lbr.
126	Disabled by default. In common cases with call stack overflows,
127	it can recreate better call stacks than the default lbr call stack
128	output. But this approach is not foolproof. There can be cases
129	where it creates incorrect call stacks from incorrect matches.
130	The known limitations include exception handing such as
131	setjmp/longjmp will have calls/returns not match.
132
133--double-cl::
134	Group the detection of shared cacheline events into double cacheline
135	granularity. Some architectures have an Adjacent Cacheline Prefetch
136	feature, which causes cacheline sharing to behave like the cacheline
137	size is doubled.
138
139C2C RECORD
140----------
141The perf c2c record command setup options related to HITM cacheline analysis
142and calls standard perf record command.
143
144Following perf record options are configured by default:
145(check perf record man page for details)
146
147  -W,-d,--phys-data,--sample-cpu
148
149Unless specified otherwise with '-e' option, following events are monitored by
150default on Intel:
151
152  cpu/mem-loads,ldlat=30/P
153  cpu/mem-stores/P
154
155following on AMD:
156
157  ibs_op//
158
159and following on PowerPC:
160
161  cpu/mem-loads/
162  cpu/mem-stores/
163
164User can pass any 'perf record' option behind '--' mark, like (to enable
165callchains and system wide monitoring):
166
167  $ perf c2c record -- -g -a
168
169Please check RECORD OPTIONS section for specific c2c record options.
170
171C2C REPORT
172----------
173The perf c2c report command displays shared data analysis.  It comes in two
174display modes: stdio and tui (default).
175
176The report command workflow is following:
177  - sort all the data based on the cacheline address
178  - store access details for each cacheline
179  - sort all cachelines based on user settings
180  - display data
181
182In general perf report output consist of 2 basic views:
183  1) most expensive cachelines list
184  2) offsets details for each cacheline
185
186For each cacheline in the 1) list we display following data:
187(Both stdio and TUI modes follow the same fields output)
188
189  Index
190  - zero based index to identify the cacheline
191
192  Cacheline
193  - cacheline address (hex number)
194
195  Rmt/Lcl Hitm (Display with HITM types)
 
 
 
196  - cacheline percentage of all Remote/Local HITM accesses
197
198  Peer Snoop (Display with peer type)
199  - cacheline percentage of all peer accesses
200
201  LLC Load Hitm - Total, LclHitm, RmtHitm (For display with HITM types)
202  - count of Total/Local/Remote load HITMs
 
 
203
204  Load Peer - Total, Local, Remote (For display with peer type)
205  - count of Total/Local/Remote load from peer cache or DRAM
206
207  Total records
208  - sum of all cachelines accesses
209
210  Total loads
211  - sum of all load accesses
212
213  Total stores
214  - sum of all store accesses
215
216  Store Reference - L1Hit, L1Miss, N/A
217    L1Hit - store accesses that hit L1
218    L1Miss - store accesses that missed L1
219    N/A - store accesses with memory level is not available
220
221  Core Load Hit - FB, L1, L2
222  - count of load hits in FB (Fill Buffer), L1 and L2 cache
223
224  LLC Load Hit - LlcHit, LclHitm
225  - count of LLC load accesses, includes LLC hits and LLC HITMs
226
227  RMT Load Hit - RmtHit, RmtHitm
228  - count of remote load accesses, includes remote hits and remote HITMs;
229    on Arm neoverse cores, RmtHit is used to account remote accesses,
230    includes remote DRAM or any upward cache level in remote node
231
232  Load Dram - Lcl, Rmt
233  - count of local and remote DRAM accesses
234
235For each offset in the 2) list we display following data:
236
237  HITM - Rmt, Lcl (Display with HITM types)
238  - % of Remote/Local HITM accesses for given offset within cacheline
239
240  Peer Snoop - Rmt, Lcl (Display with peer type)
241  - % of Remote/Local peer accesses for given offset within cacheline
242
243  Store Refs - L1 Hit, L1 Miss, N/A
244  - % of store accesses that hit L1, missed L1 and N/A (no available) memory
245    level for given offset within cacheline
246
247  Data address - Offset
248  - offset address
249
250  Pid
251  - pid of the process responsible for the accesses
252
253  Tid
254  - tid of the process responsible for the accesses
255
256  Code address
257  - code address responsible for the accesses
258
259  cycles - rmt hitm, lcl hitm, load (Display with HITM types)
260    - sum of cycles for given accesses - Remote/Local HITM and generic load
261
262  cycles - rmt peer, lcl peer, load (Display with peer type)
263    - sum of cycles for given accesses - Remote/Local peer load and generic load
264
265  cpu cnt
266    - number of cpus that participated on the access
267
268  Symbol
269    - code symbol related to the 'Code address' value
270
271  Shared Object
272    - shared object name related to the 'Code address' value
273
274  Source:Line
275    - source information related to the 'Code address' value
276
277  Node
278    - nodes participating on the access (see NODE INFO section)
279
280NODE INFO
281---------
282The 'Node' field displays nodes that accesses given cacheline
283offset. Its output comes in 3 flavors:
284  - node IDs separated by ','
285  - node IDs with stats for each ID, in following format:
286      Node{cpus %hitms %stores} (Display with HITM types)
287      Node{cpus %peers %stores} (Display with peer type)
288  - node IDs with list of affected CPUs in following format:
289      Node{cpu list}
290
291User can switch between above flavors with -N option or
292use 'n' key to interactively switch in TUI mode.
293
294COALESCE
295--------
296User can specify how to sort offsets for cacheline.
297
298Following fields are available and governs the final
299output fields set for cacheline offsets output:
300
301  tid   - coalesced by process TIDs
302  pid   - coalesced by process PIDs
303  iaddr - coalesced by code address, following fields are displayed:
304             Code address, Code symbol, Shared Object, Source line
305  dso   - coalesced by shared object
306
307By default the coalescing is setup with 'pid,iaddr'.
308
309STDIO OUTPUT
310------------
311The stdio output displays data on standard output.
312
313Following tables are displayed:
314  Trace Event Information
315  - overall statistics of memory accesses
316
317  Global Shared Cache Line Event Information
318  - overall statistics on shared cachelines
319
320  Shared Data Cache Line Table
321  - list of most expensive cachelines
322
323  Shared Cache Line Distribution Pareto
324  - list of all accessed offsets for each cacheline
325
326TUI OUTPUT
327----------
328The TUI output provides interactive interface to navigate
329through cachelines list and to display offset details.
330
331For details please refer to the help window by pressing '?' key.
332
333CREDITS
334-------
335Although Don Zickus, Dick Fowles and Joe Mario worked together
336to get this implemented, we got lots of early help from Arnaldo
337Carvalho de Melo, Stephane Eranian, Jiri Olsa and Andi Kleen.
338
339C2C BLOG
340--------
341Check Joe's blog on c2c tool for detailed use case explanation:
342  https://joemario.github.io/blog/2016/09/01/c2c-blog/
343
344SEE ALSO
345--------
346linkperf:perf-record[1], linkperf:perf-mem[1], linkperf:perf-arm-spe[1]