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v4.17
  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
 
  2#include <stdio.h>
  3#include "evsel.h"
  4#include "stat.h"
  5#include "color.h"
 
  6#include "pmu.h"
  7#include "rblist.h"
  8#include "evlist.h"
  9#include "expr.h"
 10#include "metricgroup.h"
 
 
 
 
 
 11
 12/*
 13 * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
 14 * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
 
 15 * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
 16 * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
 17 * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
 18 */
 19static bool have_frontend_stalled;
 20
 21struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
 22struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
 
 23
 24struct saved_value {
 25	struct rb_node rb_node;
 26	struct perf_evsel *evsel;
 27	enum stat_type type;
 28	int ctx;
 29	int cpu;
 30	struct runtime_stat *stat;
 31	struct stats stats;
 
 
 32};
 33
 34static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
 35{
 36	struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
 37					     struct saved_value,
 38					     rb_node);
 39	const struct saved_value *b = entry;
 40
 41	if (a->cpu != b->cpu)
 42		return a->cpu - b->cpu;
 43
 44	/*
 45	 * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
 46	 * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
 47	 * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
 48	 * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
 49	 * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
 50	 */
 51	if (a->type != b->type)
 52		return a->type - b->type;
 53
 54	if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
 55		return a->ctx - b->ctx;
 56
 57	if (a->evsel == NULL && b->evsel == NULL) {
 58		if (a->stat == b->stat)
 59			return 0;
 60
 61		if ((char *)a->stat < (char *)b->stat)
 62			return -1;
 63
 64		return 1;
 65	}
 66
 67	if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
 68		return 0;
 69	if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
 70		return -1;
 71	return +1;
 72}
 73
 74static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
 75				     const void *entry)
 76{
 77	struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
 78
 79	if (!nd)
 80		return NULL;
 81	memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
 82	return &nd->rb_node;
 83}
 84
 85static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
 86			       struct rb_node *rb_node)
 87{
 88	struct saved_value *v;
 89
 90	BUG_ON(!rb_node);
 91	v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 92	free(v);
 93}
 94
 95static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 96					      int cpu,
 97					      bool create,
 98					      enum stat_type type,
 99					      int ctx,
100					      struct runtime_stat *st)
 
101{
102	struct rblist *rblist;
103	struct rb_node *nd;
104	struct saved_value dm = {
105		.cpu = cpu,
106		.evsel = evsel,
107		.type = type,
108		.ctx = ctx,
109		.stat = st,
110	};
111
112	rblist = &st->value_list;
113
 
 
 
 
114	nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
115	if (nd)
116		return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
117	if (create) {
118		rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
119		nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
120		if (nd)
121			return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
122	}
123	return NULL;
124}
125
126void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
127{
128	struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
129
130	rblist__init(rblist);
131	rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
132	rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
133	rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
134}
135
136void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
137{
138	rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
139}
140
141void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
142{
143	have_frontend_stalled = pmu_have_event("cpu", "stalled-cycles-frontend");
144	runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
145}
146
147static int evsel_context(struct perf_evsel *evsel)
148{
149	int ctx = 0;
150
151	if (evsel->attr.exclude_kernel)
152		ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
153	if (evsel->attr.exclude_user)
154		ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
155	if (evsel->attr.exclude_hv)
156		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
157	if (evsel->attr.exclude_host)
158		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
159	if (evsel->attr.exclude_idle)
160		ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
161
162	return ctx;
163}
164
165static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
166{
167	struct rblist *rblist;
168	struct rb_node *pos, *next;
169
170	rblist = &st->value_list;
171	next = rb_first(&rblist->entries);
172	while (next) {
173		pos = next;
174		next = rb_next(pos);
175		memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
176		       0,
177		       sizeof(struct stats));
178	}
179}
180
181void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
182{
183	reset_stat(&rt_stat);
184	memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 
185}
186
187void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
188{
189	reset_stat(st);
190}
191
 
 
 
 
 
192static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
193				enum stat_type type,
194				int ctx, int cpu, u64 count)
 
195{
196	struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, true,
197						   type, ctx, st);
198
199	if (v)
200		update_stats(&v->stats, count);
201}
202
203/*
204 * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
205 * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
206 * instruction rates, etc:
207 */
208void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *counter, u64 count,
209				    int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
210{
211	int ctx = evsel_context(counter);
 
 
 
 
 
212
213	count *= counter->scale;
214
215	if (perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
216	    perf_evsel__match(counter, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK))
217		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu, count);
218	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
219		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu, count);
220	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
221		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu, count);
222	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
223		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, ctx, cpu, count);
224	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
225		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, ctx, cpu, count);
226	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
227		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
228				    ctx, cpu, count);
229	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
230		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
231				    ctx, cpu, count);
232	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
233		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
234				    ctx, cpu, count);
235	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
236		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
237				    ctx, cpu, count);
238	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
239		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
240				    ctx, cpu, count);
241	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
242		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
243				    ctx, cpu, count);
244	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
245		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
246				    ctx, cpu, count);
247	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
248		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu, count);
249	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
250		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu, count);
251	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
252		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
253	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
254		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
255	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
256		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
257	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
258		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
259	else if (perf_evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
260		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu, count);
261	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
262		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu, count);
263	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
264		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu, count);
265
266	if (counter->collect_stat) {
267		struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(counter, cpu, true,
268							   STAT_NONE, 0, st);
269		update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
270	}
271}
272
273/* used for get_ratio_color() */
274enum grc_type {
275	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
276	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
277	GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
278	GRC_MAX_NR
279};
280
281static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
282{
283	static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
284		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
285		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
286		[GRC_CACHE_MISSES] 	= { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
287	};
288	const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
289
290	if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
291		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
292	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
293		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
294	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
295		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
296
297	return color;
298}
299
300static struct perf_evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list,
301						const char *name)
302{
303	struct perf_evsel *c2;
304
305	evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
306		if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name))
307			return c2;
308	}
309	return NULL;
310}
311
312/* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
313void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct perf_evlist *evsel_list)
314{
315	struct perf_evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
316	bool found;
317	const char **metric_names;
 
 
318	int i;
319	int num_metric_names;
320
 
 
 
 
 
321	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
322		bool invalid = false;
323
324		leader = counter->leader;
325		if (!counter->metric_expr)
326			continue;
 
 
327		metric_events = counter->metric_events;
328		if (!metric_events) {
329			if (expr__find_other(counter->metric_expr, counter->name,
330						&metric_names, &num_metric_names) < 0)
 
331				continue;
332
333			metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct perf_evsel *),
334					       num_metric_names + 1);
335			if (!metric_events)
 
336				return;
 
337			counter->metric_events = metric_events;
338		}
339
340		for (i = 0; i < num_metric_names; i++) {
 
 
 
341			found = false;
342			if (leader) {
343				/* Search in group */
344				for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
345					if (!strcasecmp(oc->name, metric_names[i])) {
 
 
346						found = true;
347						break;
348					}
349				}
350			}
351			if (!found) {
352				/* Search ignoring groups */
353				oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list, metric_names[i]);
 
354			}
355			if (!oc) {
356				/* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
357				static char *printed;
358
359				/*
360				 * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
361				 * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
362				 * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
363				 * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
364				 * events.
365				 */
366				if (!printed || strcasecmp(printed, metric_names[i])) {
 
367					fprintf(stderr,
368						"Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
369						metric_names[i],
370						counter->name);
371					printed = strdup(metric_names[i]);
 
372				}
373				invalid = true;
374				continue;
375			}
376			metric_events[i] = oc;
377			oc->collect_stat = true;
378		}
379		metric_events[i] = NULL;
380		free(metric_names);
381		if (invalid) {
382			free(metric_events);
383			counter->metric_events = NULL;
384			counter->metric_expr = NULL;
385		}
386	}
 
387}
388
389static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
390			       enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 
391{
392	struct saved_value *v;
393
394	v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
395	if (!v)
396		return 0.0;
397
398	return avg_stats(&v->stats);
399}
400
401static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
402			     enum stat_type type, int ctx, int cpu)
 
403{
404	struct saved_value *v;
405
406	v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, cpu, false, type, ctx, st);
407	if (!v)
408		return 0.0;
409
410	return v->stats.n;
411}
412
413static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(int cpu,
414					  struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
415					  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
416					  struct runtime_stat *st)
 
417{
418	double total, ratio = 0.0;
419	const char *color;
420	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
421
422	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
423
424	if (total)
425		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
426
427	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
428
429	if (ratio)
430		out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
431				  ratio);
432	else
433		out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
434}
435
436static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(int cpu,
437					 struct perf_evsel *evsel, double avg,
438					 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
439					 struct runtime_stat *st)
 
440{
441	double total, ratio = 0.0;
442	const char *color;
443	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
444
445	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
446
447	if (total)
448		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
449
450	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
451
452	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
453}
454
455static void print_branch_misses(int cpu,
456				struct perf_evsel *evsel,
457				double avg,
458				struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
459				struct runtime_stat *st)
 
460{
461	double total, ratio = 0.0;
462	const char *color;
463	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
464
465	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu);
466
467	if (total)
468		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
469
470	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
471
472	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
473}
474
475static void print_l1_dcache_misses(int cpu,
476				   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
477				   double avg,
478				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
479				   struct runtime_stat *st)
480
481{
482	double total, ratio = 0.0;
483	const char *color;
484	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
485
486	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu);
487
488	if (total)
489		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
490
491	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
492
493	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache hits", ratio);
494}
495
496static void print_l1_icache_misses(int cpu,
497				   struct perf_evsel *evsel,
498				   double avg,
499				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
500				   struct runtime_stat *st)
501
502{
503	double total, ratio = 0.0;
504	const char *color;
505	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
506
507	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu);
508
509	if (total)
510		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
511
512	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
513	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache hits", ratio);
514}
515
516static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
517				    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
518				    double avg,
519				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
520				    struct runtime_stat *st)
 
521{
522	double total, ratio = 0.0;
523	const char *color;
524	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
525
526	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
527
528	if (total)
529		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
530
531	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
532	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache hits", ratio);
533}
534
535static void print_itlb_cache_misses(int cpu,
536				    struct perf_evsel *evsel,
537				    double avg,
538				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
539				    struct runtime_stat *st)
 
540{
541	double total, ratio = 0.0;
542	const char *color;
543	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
544
545	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
546
547	if (total)
548		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
549
550	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
551	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache hits", ratio);
552}
553
554static void print_ll_cache_misses(int cpu,
555				  struct perf_evsel *evsel,
556				  double avg,
557				  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
558				  struct runtime_stat *st)
 
559{
560	double total, ratio = 0.0;
561	const char *color;
562	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
563
564	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu);
565
566	if (total)
567		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
568
569	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
570	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache hits", ratio);
571}
572
573/*
574 * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
575 *
576 * Basic concept following
577 * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
578 * ISPASS14
579 *
580 * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
581 *
582 * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
583 * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
584 * (for example branch mispredictions)
585 * Frontend is instruction decoding.
586 * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
587 * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
588 *
589 * The formulas are computed in slots.
590 * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
591 * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
592 *
593 * Formulas:
594 * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
595 *			TotalSlots
596 * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
597 * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
598 * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
599 *
600 * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
601 * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
602 *
603 * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
604 *
605 * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
606 *
607 * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
608 * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
609 *
610 * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
611 * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
612 * support Level 1 TopDown.
613 */
614
615static double sanitize_val(double x)
616{
617	if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
618		return 0.0;
619	return x;
620}
621
622static double td_total_slots(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 
623{
624	return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, ctx, cpu);
625}
626
627static double td_bad_spec(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 
628{
629	double bad_spec = 0;
630	double total_slots;
631	double total;
632
633	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, ctx, cpu) -
634		runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, ctx, cpu) +
635		runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, ctx, cpu);
636
637	total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
638	if (total_slots)
639		bad_spec = total / total_slots;
640	return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
641}
642
643static double td_retiring(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 
644{
645	double retiring = 0;
646	double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
647	double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
648					    ctx, cpu);
649
650	if (total_slots)
651		retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
652	return retiring;
653}
654
655static double td_fe_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 
656{
657	double fe_bound = 0;
658	double total_slots = td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st);
659	double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
660					    ctx, cpu);
661
662	if (total_slots)
663		fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
664	return fe_bound;
665}
666
667static double td_be_bound(int ctx, int cpu, struct runtime_stat *st)
 
668{
669	double sum = (td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st) +
670		      td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st) +
671		      td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st));
672	if (sum == 0)
673		return 0;
674	return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
675}
676
677static void print_smi_cost(int cpu, struct perf_evsel *evsel,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
678			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
679			   struct runtime_stat *st)
 
680{
681	double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
682	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
683	const char *color = NULL;
684
685	smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, ctx, cpu);
686	aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, ctx, cpu);
687	cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
688
689	if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
690		return;
691
692	if (smi_num)
693		cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
694
695	if (cost > 10)
696		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
697	out->print_metric(out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
698	out->print_metric(out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
699}
700
701static void generic_metric(const char *metric_expr,
702			   struct perf_evsel **metric_events,
703			   char *name,
704			   const char *metric_name,
705			   double avg,
706			   int cpu,
707			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
708			   struct runtime_stat *st)
709{
710	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
711	struct parse_ctx pctx;
712	double ratio;
713	int i;
714	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
715
716	expr__ctx_init(&pctx);
717	expr__add_id(&pctx, name, avg);
718	for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
719		struct saved_value *v;
720		struct stats *stats;
721		double scale;
 
722
723		if (!strcmp(metric_events[i]->name, "duration_time")) {
724			stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
725			scale = 1e-9;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
726		} else {
727			v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], cpu, false,
728					       STAT_NONE, 0, st);
 
729			if (!v)
730				break;
731			stats = &v->stats;
732			scale = 1.0;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
733		}
734		expr__add_id(&pctx, metric_events[i]->name, avg_stats(stats)*scale);
 
 
 
 
 
 
735	}
736	if (!metric_events[i]) {
737		const char *p = metric_expr;
738
739		if (expr__parse(&ratio, &pctx, &p) == 0)
740			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
741				metric_name ?
742				metric_name :
743				out->force_header ?  name : "",
744				ratio);
745		else
746			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
747				     out->force_header ?
748				     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
749	} else
750		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "", 0);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
751}
752
753void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_evsel *evsel,
754				   double avg, int cpu,
 
755				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
756				   struct rblist *metric_events,
757				   struct runtime_stat *st)
758{
759	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
760	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
761	double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
762	const char *color = NULL;
763	int ctx = evsel_context(evsel);
 
 
 
764	struct metric_event *me;
765	int num = 1;
766
767	if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
768		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
 
 
769
770		if (total) {
771			ratio = avg / total;
772			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
773					"insn per cycle", ratio);
774		} else {
775			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
776		}
777
778		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
779					 ctx, cpu);
780
781		total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
782						    STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
783						    ctx, cpu));
784
785		if (total && avg) {
786			out->new_line(ctxp);
787			ratio = total / avg;
788			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
789					"stalled cycles per insn",
790					ratio);
791		} else if (have_frontend_stalled) {
792			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL,
793				     "stalled cycles per insn", 0);
794		}
795	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
796		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, ctx, cpu) != 0)
797			print_branch_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
798		else
799			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
800	} else if (
801		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
802		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
803					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
804					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
805
806		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
807			print_l1_dcache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
808		else
809			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache hits", 0);
810	} else if (
811		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
812		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
813					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
814					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
815
816		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
817			print_l1_icache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
818		else
819			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache hits", 0);
820	} else if (
821		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
822		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
823					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
824					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
825
826		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
827			print_dtlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
828		else
829			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache hits", 0);
830	} else if (
831		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
832		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
833					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
834					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
835
836		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
837			print_itlb_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
838		else
839			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache hits", 0);
840	} else if (
841		evsel->attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
842		evsel->attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
843					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
844					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
845
846		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, ctx, cpu) != 0)
847			print_ll_cache_misses(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
848		else
849			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache hits", 0);
850	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
851		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu);
852
853		if (total)
854			ratio = avg * 100 / total;
855
856		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, ctx, cpu) != 0)
857			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
858				     "of all cache refs", ratio);
859		else
860			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
861	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
862		print_stalled_cycles_frontend(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
863	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
864		print_stalled_cycles_backend(cpu, evsel, avg, out, st);
865	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
866		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
867
868		if (total) {
869			ratio = avg / total;
870			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
871		} else {
872			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
873		}
874	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
875		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
876
877		if (total)
878			print_metric(ctxp, NULL,
879					"%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
880					100.0 * (avg / total));
881		else
882			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
883				     0);
884	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
885		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, ctx, cpu);
886		total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu);
887
888		if (total2 < avg)
889			total2 = avg;
890		if (total)
891			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
892				100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
893		else
894			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
895	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
896		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
897					 ctx, cpu);
898
899		if (avg)
900			ratio = total / avg;
901
902		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, ctx, cpu) != 0)
903			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
904				     "cycles / transaction", ratio);
905		else
906			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
907				      0);
908	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
909		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX,
910					 ctx, cpu);
911
912		if (avg)
913			ratio = total / avg;
914
915		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
916	} else if (perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_TASK_CLOCK) ||
917		   perf_evsel__match(evsel, SOFTWARE, SW_CPU_CLOCK)) {
918		if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
919			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
920				     avg / ratio);
921		else
922			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
923	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
924		double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
925
926		if (fe_bound > 0.2)
927			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
928		print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
929				fe_bound * 100.);
930	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
931		double retiring = td_retiring(ctx, cpu, st);
932
933		if (retiring > 0.7)
934			color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
935		print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
936				retiring * 100.);
937	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
938		double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(ctx, cpu, st);
939
940		if (bad_spec > 0.1)
941			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
942		print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
943				bad_spec * 100.);
944	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
945		double be_bound = td_be_bound(ctx, cpu, st);
946		const char *name = "backend bound";
947		static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
948
949		/* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
950		if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
951			have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
952					"topdown-recovery-bubbles");
953		if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
954			name = "backend bound/bad spec";
955
956		if (be_bound > 0.2)
957			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
958		if (td_total_slots(ctx, cpu, st) > 0)
959			print_metric(ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
960					be_bound * 100.);
961		else
962			print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
963	} else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
964		generic_metric(evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, evsel->name,
965				evsel->metric_name, avg, cpu, out, st);
966	} else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu) != 0) {
967		char unit = 'M';
968		char unit_buf[10];
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
969
970		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, 0, cpu);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
971
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
972		if (total)
973			ratio = 1000.0 * avg / total;
974		if (ratio < 0.001) {
975			ratio *= 1000;
976			unit = 'K';
977		}
978		snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
979		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
980	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
981		print_smi_cost(cpu, evsel, out, st);
982	} else {
983		num = 0;
984	}
985
986	if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
987		struct metric_expr *mexp;
988
989		list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
990			if (num++ > 0)
991				out->new_line(ctxp);
992			generic_metric(mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
993					evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
994					avg, cpu, out, st);
 
995		}
996	}
997	if (num == 0)
998		print_metric(ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
999}
v6.2
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2#include <math.h>
   3#include <stdio.h>
   4#include "evsel.h"
   5#include "stat.h"
   6#include "color.h"
   7#include "debug.h"
   8#include "pmu.h"
   9#include "rblist.h"
  10#include "evlist.h"
  11#include "expr.h"
  12#include "metricgroup.h"
  13#include "cgroup.h"
  14#include "units.h"
  15#include <linux/zalloc.h>
  16#include "iostat.h"
  17#include "util/hashmap.h"
  18
  19/*
  20 * AGGR_GLOBAL: Use CPU 0
  21 * AGGR_SOCKET: Use first CPU of socket
  22 * AGGR_DIE: Use first CPU of die
  23 * AGGR_CORE: Use first CPU of core
  24 * AGGR_NONE: Use matching CPU
  25 * AGGR_THREAD: Not supported?
  26 */
 
  27
  28struct runtime_stat rt_stat;
  29struct stats walltime_nsecs_stats;
  30struct rusage_stats ru_stats;
  31
  32struct saved_value {
  33	struct rb_node rb_node;
  34	struct evsel *evsel;
  35	enum stat_type type;
  36	int ctx;
  37	int map_idx;  /* cpu or thread map index */
  38	struct cgroup *cgrp;
  39	struct stats stats;
  40	u64 metric_total;
  41	int metric_other;
  42};
  43
  44static int saved_value_cmp(struct rb_node *rb_node, const void *entry)
  45{
  46	struct saved_value *a = container_of(rb_node,
  47					     struct saved_value,
  48					     rb_node);
  49	const struct saved_value *b = entry;
  50
  51	if (a->map_idx != b->map_idx)
  52		return a->map_idx - b->map_idx;
  53
  54	/*
  55	 * Previously the rbtree was used to link generic metrics.
  56	 * The keys were evsel/cpu. Now the rbtree is extended to support
  57	 * per-thread shadow stats. For shadow stats case, the keys
  58	 * are cpu/type/ctx/stat (evsel is NULL). For generic metrics
  59	 * case, the keys are still evsel/cpu (type/ctx/stat are 0 or NULL).
  60	 */
  61	if (a->type != b->type)
  62		return a->type - b->type;
  63
  64	if (a->ctx != b->ctx)
  65		return a->ctx - b->ctx;
  66
  67	if (a->cgrp != b->cgrp)
  68		return (char *)a->cgrp < (char *)b->cgrp ? -1 : +1;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  69
  70	if (a->evsel == b->evsel)
  71		return 0;
  72	if ((char *)a->evsel < (char *)b->evsel)
  73		return -1;
  74	return +1;
  75}
  76
  77static struct rb_node *saved_value_new(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  78				     const void *entry)
  79{
  80	struct saved_value *nd = malloc(sizeof(struct saved_value));
  81
  82	if (!nd)
  83		return NULL;
  84	memcpy(nd, entry, sizeof(struct saved_value));
  85	return &nd->rb_node;
  86}
  87
  88static void saved_value_delete(struct rblist *rblist __maybe_unused,
  89			       struct rb_node *rb_node)
  90{
  91	struct saved_value *v;
  92
  93	BUG_ON(!rb_node);
  94	v = container_of(rb_node, struct saved_value, rb_node);
  95	free(v);
  96}
  97
  98static struct saved_value *saved_value_lookup(struct evsel *evsel,
  99					      int map_idx,
 100					      bool create,
 101					      enum stat_type type,
 102					      int ctx,
 103					      struct runtime_stat *st,
 104					      struct cgroup *cgrp)
 105{
 106	struct rblist *rblist;
 107	struct rb_node *nd;
 108	struct saved_value dm = {
 109		.map_idx = map_idx,
 110		.evsel = evsel,
 111		.type = type,
 112		.ctx = ctx,
 113		.cgrp = cgrp,
 114	};
 115
 116	rblist = &st->value_list;
 117
 118	/* don't use context info for clock events */
 119	if (type == STAT_NSECS)
 120		dm.ctx = 0;
 121
 122	nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 123	if (nd)
 124		return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 125	if (create) {
 126		rblist__add_node(rblist, &dm);
 127		nd = rblist__find(rblist, &dm);
 128		if (nd)
 129			return container_of(nd, struct saved_value, rb_node);
 130	}
 131	return NULL;
 132}
 133
 134void runtime_stat__init(struct runtime_stat *st)
 135{
 136	struct rblist *rblist = &st->value_list;
 137
 138	rblist__init(rblist);
 139	rblist->node_cmp = saved_value_cmp;
 140	rblist->node_new = saved_value_new;
 141	rblist->node_delete = saved_value_delete;
 142}
 143
 144void runtime_stat__exit(struct runtime_stat *st)
 145{
 146	rblist__exit(&st->value_list);
 147}
 148
 149void perf_stat__init_shadow_stats(void)
 150{
 
 151	runtime_stat__init(&rt_stat);
 152}
 153
 154static int evsel_context(struct evsel *evsel)
 155{
 156	int ctx = 0;
 157
 158	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_kernel)
 159		ctx |= CTX_BIT_KERNEL;
 160	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_user)
 161		ctx |= CTX_BIT_USER;
 162	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_hv)
 163		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HV;
 164	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_host)
 165		ctx |= CTX_BIT_HOST;
 166	if (evsel->core.attr.exclude_idle)
 167		ctx |= CTX_BIT_IDLE;
 168
 169	return ctx;
 170}
 171
 172static void reset_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 173{
 174	struct rblist *rblist;
 175	struct rb_node *pos, *next;
 176
 177	rblist = &st->value_list;
 178	next = rb_first_cached(&rblist->entries);
 179	while (next) {
 180		pos = next;
 181		next = rb_next(pos);
 182		memset(&container_of(pos, struct saved_value, rb_node)->stats,
 183		       0,
 184		       sizeof(struct stats));
 185	}
 186}
 187
 188void perf_stat__reset_shadow_stats(void)
 189{
 190	reset_stat(&rt_stat);
 191	memset(&walltime_nsecs_stats, 0, sizeof(walltime_nsecs_stats));
 192	memset(&ru_stats, 0, sizeof(ru_stats));
 193}
 194
 195void perf_stat__reset_shadow_per_stat(struct runtime_stat *st)
 196{
 197	reset_stat(st);
 198}
 199
 200struct runtime_stat_data {
 201	int ctx;
 202	struct cgroup *cgrp;
 203};
 204
 205static void update_runtime_stat(struct runtime_stat *st,
 206				enum stat_type type,
 207				int map_idx, u64 count,
 208				struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 209{
 210	struct saved_value *v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, map_idx, true, type,
 211						   rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 212
 213	if (v)
 214		update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 215}
 216
 217/*
 218 * Update various tracking values we maintain to print
 219 * more semantic information such as miss/hit ratios,
 220 * instruction rates, etc:
 221 */
 222void perf_stat__update_shadow_stats(struct evsel *counter, u64 count,
 223				    int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st)
 224{
 225	u64 count_ns = count;
 226	struct saved_value *v;
 227	struct runtime_stat_data rsd = {
 228		.ctx = evsel_context(counter),
 229		.cgrp = counter->cgrp,
 230	};
 231
 232	count *= counter->scale;
 233
 234	if (evsel__is_clock(counter))
 235		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_NSECS, map_idx, count_ns, &rsd);
 236	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES))
 237		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 
 238	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, CYCLES_IN_TX))
 239		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 240	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TRANSACTION_START))
 241		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TRANSACTION, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 242	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, ELISION_START))
 243		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ELISION, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 244	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS))
 245		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS,
 246				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 247	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED))
 248		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED,
 249				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 250	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED))
 251		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 252				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 253	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES))
 254		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 255				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 256	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES))
 257		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES,
 258				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 259	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_RETIRING))
 260		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING,
 261				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 262	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC))
 263		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC,
 264				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 265	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND))
 266		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND,
 267				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 268	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND))
 269		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND,
 270				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 271	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS))
 272		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS,
 273				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 274	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT))
 275		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT,
 276				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 277	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT))
 278		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT,
 279				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 280	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND))
 281		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND,
 282				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 283	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND))
 284		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT,
 285				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 286	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND))
 287		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
 288				    map_idx, count, &rsd);
 289	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_INSTRUCTIONS))
 290		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_BRANCHES, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 291	else if (evsel__match(counter, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_REFERENCES))
 292		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 293	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1D))
 294		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 295	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_L1I))
 296		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 297	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_LL))
 298		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 299	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_DTLB))
 300		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 301	else if (evsel__match(counter, HW_CACHE, HW_CACHE_ITLB))
 302		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 303	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, SMI_NUM))
 304		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 305	else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(counter, APERF))
 306		update_runtime_stat(st, STAT_APERF, map_idx, count, &rsd);
 307
 308	if (counter->collect_stat) {
 309		v = saved_value_lookup(counter, map_idx, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st,
 310				       rsd.cgrp);
 311		update_stats(&v->stats, count);
 312		if (counter->metric_leader)
 313			v->metric_total += count;
 314	} else if (counter->metric_leader) {
 315		v = saved_value_lookup(counter->metric_leader,
 316				       map_idx, true, STAT_NONE, 0, st, rsd.cgrp);
 317		v->metric_total += count;
 318		v->metric_other++;
 319	}
 320}
 321
 322/* used for get_ratio_color() */
 323enum grc_type {
 324	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE,
 325	GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE,
 326	GRC_CACHE_MISSES,
 327	GRC_MAX_NR
 328};
 329
 330static const char *get_ratio_color(enum grc_type type, double ratio)
 331{
 332	static const double grc_table[GRC_MAX_NR][3] = {
 333		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE] = { 50.0, 30.0, 10.0 },
 334		[GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE] = { 75.0, 50.0, 20.0 },
 335		[GRC_CACHE_MISSES] 	= { 20.0, 10.0, 5.0 },
 336	};
 337	const char *color = PERF_COLOR_NORMAL;
 338
 339	if (ratio > grc_table[type][0])
 340		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 341	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][1])
 342		color = PERF_COLOR_MAGENTA;
 343	else if (ratio > grc_table[type][2])
 344		color = PERF_COLOR_YELLOW;
 345
 346	return color;
 347}
 348
 349static struct evsel *perf_stat__find_event(struct evlist *evsel_list,
 350						const char *name)
 351{
 352	struct evsel *c2;
 353
 354	evlist__for_each_entry (evsel_list, c2) {
 355		if (!strcasecmp(c2->name, name) && !c2->collect_stat)
 356			return c2;
 357	}
 358	return NULL;
 359}
 360
 361/* Mark MetricExpr target events and link events using them to them. */
 362void perf_stat__collect_metric_expr(struct evlist *evsel_list)
 363{
 364	struct evsel *counter, *leader, **metric_events, *oc;
 365	bool found;
 366	struct expr_parse_ctx *ctx;
 367	struct hashmap_entry *cur;
 368	size_t bkt;
 369	int i;
 
 370
 371	ctx = expr__ctx_new();
 372	if (!ctx) {
 373		pr_debug("expr__ctx_new failed");
 374		return;
 375	}
 376	evlist__for_each_entry(evsel_list, counter) {
 377		bool invalid = false;
 378
 379		leader = evsel__leader(counter);
 380		if (!counter->metric_expr)
 381			continue;
 382
 383		expr__ctx_clear(ctx);
 384		metric_events = counter->metric_events;
 385		if (!metric_events) {
 386			if (expr__find_ids(counter->metric_expr,
 387					   counter->name,
 388					   ctx) < 0)
 389				continue;
 390
 391			metric_events = calloc(sizeof(struct evsel *),
 392					       hashmap__size(ctx->ids) + 1);
 393			if (!metric_events) {
 394				expr__ctx_free(ctx);
 395				return;
 396			}
 397			counter->metric_events = metric_events;
 398		}
 399
 400		i = 0;
 401		hashmap__for_each_entry(ctx->ids, cur, bkt) {
 402			const char *metric_name = cur->pkey;
 403
 404			found = false;
 405			if (leader) {
 406				/* Search in group */
 407				for_each_group_member (oc, leader) {
 408					if (!strcasecmp(oc->name,
 409							metric_name) &&
 410						!oc->collect_stat) {
 411						found = true;
 412						break;
 413					}
 414				}
 415			}
 416			if (!found) {
 417				/* Search ignoring groups */
 418				oc = perf_stat__find_event(evsel_list,
 419							   metric_name);
 420			}
 421			if (!oc) {
 422				/* Deduping one is good enough to handle duplicated PMUs. */
 423				static char *printed;
 424
 425				/*
 426				 * Adding events automatically would be difficult, because
 427				 * it would risk creating groups that are not schedulable.
 428				 * perf stat doesn't understand all the scheduling constraints
 429				 * of events. So we ask the user instead to add the missing
 430				 * events.
 431				 */
 432				if (!printed ||
 433				    strcasecmp(printed, metric_name)) {
 434					fprintf(stderr,
 435						"Add %s event to groups to get metric expression for %s\n",
 436						metric_name,
 437						counter->name);
 438					free(printed);
 439					printed = strdup(metric_name);
 440				}
 441				invalid = true;
 442				continue;
 443			}
 444			metric_events[i++] = oc;
 445			oc->collect_stat = true;
 446		}
 447		metric_events[i] = NULL;
 
 448		if (invalid) {
 449			free(metric_events);
 450			counter->metric_events = NULL;
 451			counter->metric_expr = NULL;
 452		}
 453	}
 454	expr__ctx_free(ctx);
 455}
 456
 457static double runtime_stat_avg(struct runtime_stat *st,
 458			       enum stat_type type, int map_idx,
 459			       struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 460{
 461	struct saved_value *v;
 462
 463	v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, map_idx, false, type, rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 464	if (!v)
 465		return 0.0;
 466
 467	return avg_stats(&v->stats);
 468}
 469
 470static double runtime_stat_n(struct runtime_stat *st,
 471			     enum stat_type type, int map_idx,
 472			     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 473{
 474	struct saved_value *v;
 475
 476	v = saved_value_lookup(NULL, map_idx, false, type, rsd->ctx, st, rsd->cgrp);
 477	if (!v)
 478		return 0.0;
 479
 480	return v->stats.n;
 481}
 482
 483static void print_stalled_cycles_frontend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 484					  int map_idx, double avg,
 485					  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 486					  struct runtime_stat *st,
 487					  struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 488{
 489	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 490	const char *color;
 
 491
 492	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, rsd);
 493
 494	if (total)
 495		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 496
 497	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_FE, ratio);
 498
 499	if (ratio)
 500		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "frontend cycles idle",
 501				  ratio);
 502	else
 503		out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, NULL, "frontend cycles idle", 0);
 504}
 505
 506static void print_stalled_cycles_backend(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 507					 int map_idx, double avg,
 508					 struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 509					 struct runtime_stat *st,
 510					 struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 511{
 512	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 513	const char *color;
 
 514
 515	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, rsd);
 516
 517	if (total)
 518		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 519
 520	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_STALLED_CYCLES_BE, ratio);
 521
 522	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "backend cycles idle", ratio);
 523}
 524
 525static void print_branch_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 526				int map_idx, double avg,
 
 527				struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 528				struct runtime_stat *st,
 529				struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 530{
 531	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 532	const char *color;
 
 533
 534	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_BRANCHES, map_idx, rsd);
 535
 536	if (total)
 537		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 538
 539	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 540
 541	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all branches", ratio);
 542}
 543
 544static void print_l1_dcache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 545				   int map_idx, double avg,
 
 546				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 547				   struct runtime_stat *st,
 548				   struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 549{
 550	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 551	const char *color;
 
 552
 553	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 554
 555	if (total)
 556		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 557
 558	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 559
 560	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-dcache accesses", ratio);
 561}
 562
 563static void print_l1_icache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 564				   int map_idx, double avg,
 
 565				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 566				   struct runtime_stat *st,
 567				   struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 568{
 569	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 570	const char *color;
 
 571
 572	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 573
 574	if (total)
 575		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 576
 577	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 578	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all L1-icache accesses", ratio);
 579}
 580
 581static void print_dtlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 582				    int map_idx, double avg,
 
 583				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 584				    struct runtime_stat *st,
 585				    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 586{
 587	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 588	const char *color;
 
 589
 590	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 591
 592	if (total)
 593		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 594
 595	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 596	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all dTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 597}
 598
 599static void print_itlb_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 600				    int map_idx, double avg,
 
 601				    struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 602				    struct runtime_stat *st,
 603				    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 604{
 605	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 606	const char *color;
 
 607
 608	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 609
 610	if (total)
 611		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 612
 613	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 614	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all iTLB cache accesses", ratio);
 615}
 616
 617static void print_ll_cache_misses(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 618				  int map_idx, double avg,
 
 619				  struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 620				  struct runtime_stat *st,
 621				  struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 622{
 623	double total, ratio = 0.0;
 624	const char *color;
 
 625
 626	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, map_idx, rsd);
 627
 628	if (total)
 629		ratio = avg / total * 100.0;
 630
 631	color = get_ratio_color(GRC_CACHE_MISSES, ratio);
 632	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%7.2f%%", "of all LL-cache accesses", ratio);
 633}
 634
 635/*
 636 * High level "TopDown" CPU core pipe line bottleneck break down.
 637 *
 638 * Basic concept following
 639 * Yasin, A Top Down Method for Performance analysis and Counter architecture
 640 * ISPASS14
 641 *
 642 * The CPU pipeline is divided into 4 areas that can be bottlenecks:
 643 *
 644 * Frontend -> Backend -> Retiring
 645 * BadSpeculation in addition means out of order execution that is thrown away
 646 * (for example branch mispredictions)
 647 * Frontend is instruction decoding.
 648 * Backend is execution, like computation and accessing data in memory
 649 * Retiring is good execution that is not directly bottlenecked
 650 *
 651 * The formulas are computed in slots.
 652 * A slot is an entry in the pipeline each for the pipeline width
 653 * (for example a 4-wide pipeline has 4 slots for each cycle)
 654 *
 655 * Formulas:
 656 * BadSpeculation = ((SlotsIssued - SlotsRetired) + RecoveryBubbles) /
 657 *			TotalSlots
 658 * Retiring = SlotsRetired / TotalSlots
 659 * FrontendBound = FetchBubbles / TotalSlots
 660 * BackendBound = 1.0 - BadSpeculation - Retiring - FrontendBound
 661 *
 662 * The kernel provides the mapping to the low level CPU events and any scaling
 663 * needed for the CPU pipeline width, for example:
 664 *
 665 * TotalSlots = Cycles * 4
 666 *
 667 * The scaling factor is communicated in the sysfs unit.
 668 *
 669 * In some cases the CPU may not be able to measure all the formulas due to
 670 * missing events. In this case multiple formulas are combined, as possible.
 671 *
 672 * Full TopDown supports more levels to sub-divide each area: for example
 673 * BackendBound into computing bound and memory bound. For now we only
 674 * support Level 1 TopDown.
 675 */
 676
 677static double sanitize_val(double x)
 678{
 679	if (x < 0 && x >= -0.02)
 680		return 0.0;
 681	return x;
 682}
 683
 684static double td_total_slots(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 685			     struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 686{
 687	return runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_TOTAL_SLOTS, map_idx, rsd);
 688}
 689
 690static double td_bad_spec(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 691			  struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 692{
 693	double bad_spec = 0;
 694	double total_slots;
 695	double total;
 696
 697	total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED, map_idx, rsd) -
 698		runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED, map_idx, rsd) +
 699		runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES, map_idx, rsd);
 700
 701	total_slots = td_total_slots(map_idx, st, rsd);
 702	if (total_slots)
 703		bad_spec = total / total_slots;
 704	return sanitize_val(bad_spec);
 705}
 706
 707static double td_retiring(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 708			  struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 709{
 710	double retiring = 0;
 711	double total_slots = td_total_slots(map_idx, st, rsd);
 712	double ret_slots = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED,
 713					    map_idx, rsd);
 714
 715	if (total_slots)
 716		retiring = ret_slots / total_slots;
 717	return retiring;
 718}
 719
 720static double td_fe_bound(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 721			  struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 722{
 723	double fe_bound = 0;
 724	double total_slots = td_total_slots(map_idx, st, rsd);
 725	double fetch_bub = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES,
 726					    map_idx, rsd);
 727
 728	if (total_slots)
 729		fe_bound = fetch_bub / total_slots;
 730	return fe_bound;
 731}
 732
 733static double td_be_bound(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st,
 734			  struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 735{
 736	double sum = (td_fe_bound(map_idx, st, rsd) +
 737		      td_bad_spec(map_idx, st, rsd) +
 738		      td_retiring(map_idx, st, rsd));
 739	if (sum == 0)
 740		return 0;
 741	return sanitize_val(1.0 - sum);
 742}
 743
 744/*
 745 * Kernel reports metrics multiplied with slots. To get back
 746 * the ratios we need to recreate the sum.
 747 */
 748
 749static double td_metric_ratio(int map_idx, enum stat_type type,
 750			      struct runtime_stat *stat,
 751			      struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 752{
 753	double sum = runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, map_idx, rsd) +
 754		runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, map_idx, rsd) +
 755		runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, map_idx, rsd) +
 756		runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, map_idx, rsd);
 757	double d = runtime_stat_avg(stat, type, map_idx, rsd);
 758
 759	if (sum)
 760		return d / sum;
 761	return 0;
 762}
 763
 764/*
 765 * ... but only if most of the values are actually available.
 766 * We allow two missing.
 767 */
 768
 769static bool full_td(int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *stat,
 770		    struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 771{
 772	int c = 0;
 773
 774	if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, map_idx, rsd) > 0)
 775		c++;
 776	if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, map_idx, rsd) > 0)
 777		c++;
 778	if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, map_idx, rsd) > 0)
 779		c++;
 780	if (runtime_stat_avg(stat, STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, map_idx, rsd) > 0)
 781		c++;
 782	return c >= 2;
 783}
 784
 785static void print_smi_cost(struct perf_stat_config *config, int map_idx,
 786			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 787			   struct runtime_stat *st,
 788			   struct runtime_stat_data *rsd)
 789{
 790	double smi_num, aperf, cycles, cost = 0.0;
 
 791	const char *color = NULL;
 792
 793	smi_num = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_SMI_NUM, map_idx, rsd);
 794	aperf = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_APERF, map_idx, rsd);
 795	cycles = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, rsd);
 796
 797	if ((cycles == 0) || (aperf == 0))
 798		return;
 799
 800	if (smi_num)
 801		cost = (aperf - cycles) / aperf * 100.00;
 802
 803	if (cost > 10)
 804		color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
 805	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, color, "%8.1f%%", "SMI cycles%", cost);
 806	out->print_metric(config, out->ctx, NULL, "%4.0f", "SMI#", smi_num);
 807}
 808
 809static int prepare_metric(struct evsel **metric_events,
 810			  struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 811			  struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx,
 812			  int map_idx,
 813			  struct runtime_stat *st)
 814{
 815	double scale;
 816	char *n;
 817	int i, j, ret;
 
 
 
 
 
 818
 
 
 819	for (i = 0; metric_events[i]; i++) {
 820		struct saved_value *v;
 821		struct stats *stats;
 822		u64 metric_total = 0;
 823		int source_count;
 824
 825		if (evsel__is_tool(metric_events[i])) {
 826			source_count = 1;
 827			switch (metric_events[i]->tool_event) {
 828			case PERF_TOOL_DURATION_TIME:
 829				stats = &walltime_nsecs_stats;
 830				scale = 1e-9;
 831				break;
 832			case PERF_TOOL_USER_TIME:
 833				stats = &ru_stats.ru_utime_usec_stat;
 834				scale = 1e-6;
 835				break;
 836			case PERF_TOOL_SYSTEM_TIME:
 837				stats = &ru_stats.ru_stime_usec_stat;
 838				scale = 1e-6;
 839				break;
 840			case PERF_TOOL_NONE:
 841				pr_err("Invalid tool event 'none'");
 842				abort();
 843			case PERF_TOOL_MAX:
 844				pr_err("Invalid tool event 'max'");
 845				abort();
 846			default:
 847				pr_err("Unknown tool event '%s'", evsel__name(metric_events[i]));
 848				abort();
 849			}
 850		} else {
 851			v = saved_value_lookup(metric_events[i], map_idx, false,
 852					       STAT_NONE, 0, st,
 853					       metric_events[i]->cgrp);
 854			if (!v)
 855				break;
 856			stats = &v->stats;
 857			/*
 858			 * If an event was scaled during stat gathering, reverse
 859			 * the scale before computing the metric.
 860			 */
 861			scale = 1.0 / metric_events[i]->scale;
 862
 863			source_count = evsel__source_count(metric_events[i]);
 864
 865			if (v->metric_other)
 866				metric_total = v->metric_total * scale;
 867		}
 868		n = strdup(evsel__metric_id(metric_events[i]));
 869		if (!n)
 870			return -ENOMEM;
 871
 872		expr__add_id_val_source_count(pctx, n,
 873					metric_total ? : avg_stats(stats) * scale,
 874					source_count);
 875	}
 
 
 876
 877	for (j = 0; metric_refs && metric_refs[j].metric_name; j++) {
 878		ret = expr__add_ref(pctx, &metric_refs[j]);
 879		if (ret)
 880			return ret;
 881	}
 882
 883	return i;
 884}
 885
 886static void generic_metric(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 887			   const char *metric_expr,
 888			   struct evsel **metric_events,
 889			   struct metric_ref *metric_refs,
 890			   char *name,
 891			   const char *metric_name,
 892			   const char *metric_unit,
 893			   int runtime,
 894			   int map_idx,
 895			   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 896			   struct runtime_stat *st)
 897{
 898	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 899	struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx;
 900	double ratio, scale;
 901	int i;
 902	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 903
 904	pctx = expr__ctx_new();
 905	if (!pctx)
 906		return;
 907
 908	if (config->user_requested_cpu_list)
 909		pctx->sctx.user_requested_cpu_list = strdup(config->user_requested_cpu_list);
 910	pctx->sctx.runtime = runtime;
 911	pctx->sctx.system_wide = config->system_wide;
 912	i = prepare_metric(metric_events, metric_refs, pctx, map_idx, st);
 913	if (i < 0) {
 914		expr__ctx_free(pctx);
 915		return;
 916	}
 917	if (!metric_events[i]) {
 918		if (expr__parse(&ratio, pctx, metric_expr) == 0) {
 919			char *unit;
 920			char metric_bf[64];
 921
 922			if (metric_unit && metric_name) {
 923				if (perf_pmu__convert_scale(metric_unit,
 924					&unit, &scale) >= 0) {
 925					ratio *= scale;
 926				}
 927				if (strstr(metric_expr, "?"))
 928					scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 929					  "%s  %s_%d", unit, metric_name, runtime);
 930				else
 931					scnprintf(metric_bf, sizeof(metric_bf),
 932					  "%s  %s", unit, metric_name);
 933
 934				print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.1f",
 935					     metric_bf, ratio);
 936			} else {
 937				print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.2f",
 938					metric_name ?
 939					metric_name :
 940					out->force_header ?  name : "",
 941					ratio);
 942			}
 943		} else {
 944			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 945				     out->force_header ?
 946				     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 947		}
 948	} else {
 949		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL,
 950			     out->force_header ?
 951			     (metric_name ? metric_name : name) : "", 0);
 952	}
 953
 954	expr__ctx_free(pctx);
 955}
 956
 957double test_generic_metric(struct metric_expr *mexp, int map_idx, struct runtime_stat *st)
 958{
 959	struct expr_parse_ctx *pctx;
 960	double ratio = 0.0;
 961
 962	pctx = expr__ctx_new();
 963	if (!pctx)
 964		return NAN;
 965
 966	if (prepare_metric(mexp->metric_events, mexp->metric_refs, pctx, map_idx, st) < 0)
 967		goto out;
 968
 969	if (expr__parse(&ratio, pctx, mexp->metric_expr))
 970		ratio = 0.0;
 971
 972out:
 973	expr__ctx_free(pctx);
 974	return ratio;
 975}
 976
 977void perf_stat__print_shadow_stats(struct perf_stat_config *config,
 978				   struct evsel *evsel,
 979				   double avg, int map_idx,
 980				   struct perf_stat_output_ctx *out,
 981				   struct rblist *metric_events,
 982				   struct runtime_stat *st)
 983{
 984	void *ctxp = out->ctx;
 985	print_metric_t print_metric = out->print_metric;
 986	double total, ratio = 0.0, total2;
 987	const char *color = NULL;
 988	struct runtime_stat_data rsd = {
 989		.ctx = evsel_context(evsel),
 990		.cgrp = evsel->cgrp,
 991	};
 992	struct metric_event *me;
 993	int num = 1;
 994
 995	if (config->iostat_run) {
 996		iostat_print_metric(config, evsel, out);
 997	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_INSTRUCTIONS)) {
 998		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, &rsd);
 999
1000		if (total) {
1001			ratio = avg / total;
1002			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
1003					"insn per cycle", ratio);
1004		} else {
1005			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "insn per cycle", 0);
1006		}
1007
1008		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONT, map_idx, &rsd);
 
1009
1010		total = max(total, runtime_stat_avg(st,
1011						    STAT_STALLED_CYCLES_BACK,
1012						    map_idx, &rsd));
1013
1014		if (total && avg) {
1015			out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1016			ratio = total / avg;
1017			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f ",
1018					"stalled cycles per insn",
1019					ratio);
 
 
 
1020		}
1021	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_BRANCH_MISSES)) {
1022		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_BRANCHES, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1023			print_branch_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1024		else
1025			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all branches", 0);
1026	} else if (
1027		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1028		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1D |
1029					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1030					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1031
1032		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_DCACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1033			print_l1_dcache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1034		else
1035			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-dcache accesses", 0);
1036	} else if (
1037		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1038		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_L1I |
1039					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1040					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1041
1042		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_L1_ICACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1043			print_l1_icache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1044		else
1045			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all L1-icache accesses", 0);
1046	} else if (
1047		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1048		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_DTLB |
1049					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1050					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1051
1052		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_DTLB_CACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1053			print_dtlb_cache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1054		else
1055			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all dTLB cache accesses", 0);
1056	} else if (
1057		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1058		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_ITLB |
1059					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1060					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1061
1062		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_ITLB_CACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1063			print_itlb_cache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1064		else
1065			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all iTLB cache accesses", 0);
1066	} else if (
1067		evsel->core.attr.type == PERF_TYPE_HW_CACHE &&
1068		evsel->core.attr.config ==  ( PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_LL |
1069					((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_OP_READ) << 8) |
1070					 ((PERF_COUNT_HW_CACHE_RESULT_MISS) << 16))) {
1071
1072		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_LL_CACHE, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1073			print_ll_cache_misses(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1074		else
1075			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all LL-cache accesses", 0);
1076	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CACHE_MISSES)) {
1077		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, map_idx, &rsd);
1078
1079		if (total)
1080			ratio = avg * 100 / total;
1081
1082		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CACHEREFS, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1083			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f %%",
1084				     "of all cache refs", ratio);
1085		else
1086			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "of all cache refs", 0);
1087	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_FRONTEND)) {
1088		print_stalled_cycles_frontend(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1089	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_STALLED_CYCLES_BACKEND)) {
1090		print_stalled_cycles_backend(config, map_idx, avg, out, st, &rsd);
1091	} else if (evsel__match(evsel, HARDWARE, HW_CPU_CYCLES)) {
1092		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, map_idx, &rsd);
1093
1094		if (total) {
1095			ratio = avg / total;
1096			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "GHz", ratio);
1097		} else {
1098			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "Ghz", 0);
1099		}
1100	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX)) {
1101		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, &rsd);
1102
1103		if (total)
1104			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL,
1105					"%7.2f%%", "transactional cycles",
1106					100.0 * (avg / total));
1107		else
1108			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "transactional cycles",
1109				     0);
1110	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, CYCLES_IN_TX_CP)) {
1111		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES, map_idx, &rsd);
1112		total2 = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, &rsd);
1113
1114		if (total2 < avg)
1115			total2 = avg;
1116		if (total)
1117			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%7.2f%%", "aborted cycles",
1118				100.0 * ((total2-avg) / total));
1119		else
1120			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "aborted cycles", 0);
1121	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TRANSACTION_START)) {
1122		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, &rsd);
 
1123
1124		if (avg)
1125			ratio = total / avg;
1126
1127		if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, &rsd) != 0)
1128			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f",
1129				     "cycles / transaction", ratio);
1130		else
1131			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "cycles / transaction",
1132				      0);
1133	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, ELISION_START)) {
1134		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_CYCLES_IN_TX, map_idx, &rsd);
 
1135
1136		if (avg)
1137			ratio = total / avg;
1138
1139		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.0f", "cycles / elision", ratio);
1140	} else if (evsel__is_clock(evsel)) {
 
1141		if ((ratio = avg_stats(&walltime_nsecs_stats)) != 0)
1142			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", "CPUs utilized",
1143				     avg / (ratio * evsel->scale));
1144		else
1145			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, "CPUs utilized", 0);
1146	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_BUBBLES)) {
1147		double fe_bound = td_fe_bound(map_idx, st, &rsd);
1148
1149		if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1150			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1151		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "frontend bound",
1152				fe_bound * 100.);
1153	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_RETIRED)) {
1154		double retiring = td_retiring(map_idx, st, &rsd);
1155
1156		if (retiring > 0.7)
1157			color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1158		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "retiring",
1159				retiring * 100.);
1160	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RECOVERY_BUBBLES)) {
1161		double bad_spec = td_bad_spec(map_idx, st, &rsd);
1162
1163		if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1164			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1165		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "bad speculation",
1166				bad_spec * 100.);
1167	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_SLOTS_ISSUED)) {
1168		double be_bound = td_be_bound(map_idx, st, &rsd);
1169		const char *name = "backend bound";
1170		static int have_recovery_bubbles = -1;
1171
1172		/* In case the CPU does not support topdown-recovery-bubbles */
1173		if (have_recovery_bubbles < 0)
1174			have_recovery_bubbles = pmu_have_event("cpu",
1175					"topdown-recovery-bubbles");
1176		if (!have_recovery_bubbles)
1177			name = "backend bound/bad spec";
1178
1179		if (be_bound > 0.2)
1180			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1181		if (td_total_slots(map_idx, st, &rsd) > 0)
1182			print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", name,
1183					be_bound * 100.);
1184		else
1185			print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, name, 0);
1186	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_RETIRING) &&
1187		   full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd)) {
1188		double retiring = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1189						  STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, st,
1190						  &rsd);
1191		if (retiring > 0.7)
1192			color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1193		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Retiring",
1194				retiring * 100.);
1195	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND) &&
1196		   full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd)) {
1197		double fe_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1198						  STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, st,
1199						  &rsd);
1200		if (fe_bound > 0.2)
1201			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1202		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Frontend Bound",
1203				fe_bound * 100.);
1204	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND) &&
1205		   full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd)) {
1206		double be_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1207						  STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, st,
1208						  &rsd);
1209		if (be_bound > 0.2)
1210			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1211		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Backend Bound",
1212				be_bound * 100.);
1213	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC) &&
1214		   full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd)) {
1215		double bad_spec = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1216						  STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, st,
1217						  &rsd);
1218		if (bad_spec > 0.1)
1219			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1220		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Bad Speculation",
1221				bad_spec * 100.);
1222	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS) &&
1223			full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1224		double retiring = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1225						  STAT_TOPDOWN_RETIRING, st,
1226						  &rsd);
1227		double heavy_ops = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1228						   STAT_TOPDOWN_HEAVY_OPS, st,
1229						   &rsd);
1230		double light_ops = retiring - heavy_ops;
1231
1232		if (retiring > 0.7 && heavy_ops > 0.1)
1233			color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1234		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Heavy Operations",
1235				heavy_ops * 100.);
1236		if (retiring > 0.7 && light_ops > 0.6)
1237			color = PERF_COLOR_GREEN;
1238		else
1239			color = NULL;
1240		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Light Operations",
1241				light_ops * 100.);
1242	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT) &&
1243			full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1244		double bad_spec = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1245						  STAT_TOPDOWN_BAD_SPEC, st,
1246						  &rsd);
1247		double br_mis = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1248						STAT_TOPDOWN_BR_MISPREDICT, st,
1249						&rsd);
1250		double m_clears = bad_spec - br_mis;
1251
1252		if (bad_spec > 0.1 && br_mis > 0.05)
1253			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1254		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Branch Mispredict",
1255				br_mis * 100.);
1256		if (bad_spec > 0.1 && m_clears > 0.05)
1257			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1258		else
1259			color = NULL;
1260		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Machine Clears",
1261				m_clears * 100.);
1262	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT) &&
1263			full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1264		double fe_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1265						  STAT_TOPDOWN_FE_BOUND, st,
1266						  &rsd);
1267		double fetch_lat = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1268						   STAT_TOPDOWN_FETCH_LAT, st,
1269						   &rsd);
1270		double fetch_bw = fe_bound - fetch_lat;
1271
1272		if (fe_bound > 0.2 && fetch_lat > 0.15)
1273			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1274		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Fetch Latency",
1275				fetch_lat * 100.);
1276		if (fe_bound > 0.2 && fetch_bw > 0.1)
1277			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1278		else
1279			color = NULL;
1280		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Fetch Bandwidth",
1281				fetch_bw * 100.);
1282	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND) &&
1283			full_td(map_idx, st, &rsd) && (config->topdown_level > 1)) {
1284		double be_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1285						  STAT_TOPDOWN_BE_BOUND, st,
1286						  &rsd);
1287		double mem_bound = td_metric_ratio(map_idx,
1288						   STAT_TOPDOWN_MEM_BOUND, st,
1289						   &rsd);
1290		double core_bound = be_bound - mem_bound;
1291
1292		if (be_bound > 0.2 && mem_bound > 0.2)
1293			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1294		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Memory Bound",
1295				mem_bound * 100.);
1296		if (be_bound > 0.2 && core_bound > 0.1)
1297			color = PERF_COLOR_RED;
1298		else
1299			color = NULL;
1300		print_metric(config, ctxp, color, "%8.1f%%", "Core Bound",
1301				core_bound * 100.);
1302	} else if (evsel->metric_expr) {
1303		generic_metric(config, evsel->metric_expr, evsel->metric_events, NULL,
1304			       evsel->name, evsel->metric_name, NULL, 1,
1305			       map_idx, out, st);
1306	} else if (runtime_stat_n(st, STAT_NSECS, map_idx, &rsd) != 0) {
1307		char unit = ' ';
1308		char unit_buf[10] = "/sec";
1309
1310		total = runtime_stat_avg(st, STAT_NSECS, map_idx, &rsd);
1311		if (total)
1312			ratio = convert_unit_double(1000000000.0 * avg / total, &unit);
1313
1314		if (unit != ' ')
1315			snprintf(unit_buf, sizeof(unit_buf), "%c/sec", unit);
1316		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, "%8.3f", unit_buf, ratio);
 
 
1317	} else if (perf_stat_evsel__is(evsel, SMI_NUM)) {
1318		print_smi_cost(config, map_idx, out, st, &rsd);
1319	} else {
1320		num = 0;
1321	}
1322
1323	if ((me = metricgroup__lookup(metric_events, evsel, false)) != NULL) {
1324		struct metric_expr *mexp;
1325
1326		list_for_each_entry (mexp, &me->head, nd) {
1327			if (num++ > 0)
1328				out->new_line(config, ctxp);
1329			generic_metric(config, mexp->metric_expr, mexp->metric_events,
1330				       mexp->metric_refs, evsel->name, mexp->metric_name,
1331				       mexp->metric_unit, mexp->runtime,
1332				       map_idx, out, st);
1333		}
1334	}
1335	if (num == 0)
1336		print_metric(config, ctxp, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0);
1337}