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1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2/*
3 * linux/mm/madvise.c
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 1999 Linus Torvalds
6 * Copyright (C) 2002 Christoph Hellwig
7 */
8
9#include <linux/mman.h>
10#include <linux/pagemap.h>
11#include <linux/syscalls.h>
12#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
13#include <linux/page-isolation.h>
14#include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
15#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
16#include <linux/falloc.h>
17#include <linux/sched.h>
18#include <linux/ksm.h>
19#include <linux/fs.h>
20#include <linux/file.h>
21#include <linux/blkdev.h>
22#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
23#include <linux/swap.h>
24#include <linux/swapops.h>
25#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
26#include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
27
28#include <asm/tlb.h>
29
30#include "internal.h"
31
32/*
33 * Any behaviour which results in changes to the vma->vm_flags needs to
34 * take mmap_sem for writing. Others, which simply traverse vmas, need
35 * to only take it for reading.
36 */
37static int madvise_need_mmap_write(int behavior)
38{
39 switch (behavior) {
40 case MADV_REMOVE:
41 case MADV_WILLNEED:
42 case MADV_DONTNEED:
43 case MADV_FREE:
44 return 0;
45 default:
46 /* be safe, default to 1. list exceptions explicitly */
47 return 1;
48 }
49}
50
51/*
52 * We can potentially split a vm area into separate
53 * areas, each area with its own behavior.
54 */
55static long madvise_behavior(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
56 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
57 unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int behavior)
58{
59 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
60 int error = 0;
61 pgoff_t pgoff;
62 unsigned long new_flags = vma->vm_flags;
63
64 switch (behavior) {
65 case MADV_NORMAL:
66 new_flags = new_flags & ~VM_RAND_READ & ~VM_SEQ_READ;
67 break;
68 case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
69 new_flags = (new_flags & ~VM_RAND_READ) | VM_SEQ_READ;
70 break;
71 case MADV_RANDOM:
72 new_flags = (new_flags & ~VM_SEQ_READ) | VM_RAND_READ;
73 break;
74 case MADV_DONTFORK:
75 new_flags |= VM_DONTCOPY;
76 break;
77 case MADV_DOFORK:
78 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_IO) {
79 error = -EINVAL;
80 goto out;
81 }
82 new_flags &= ~VM_DONTCOPY;
83 break;
84 case MADV_WIPEONFORK:
85 /* MADV_WIPEONFORK is only supported on anonymous memory. */
86 if (vma->vm_file || vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) {
87 error = -EINVAL;
88 goto out;
89 }
90 new_flags |= VM_WIPEONFORK;
91 break;
92 case MADV_KEEPONFORK:
93 new_flags &= ~VM_WIPEONFORK;
94 break;
95 case MADV_DONTDUMP:
96 new_flags |= VM_DONTDUMP;
97 break;
98 case MADV_DODUMP:
99 if (new_flags & VM_SPECIAL) {
100 error = -EINVAL;
101 goto out;
102 }
103 new_flags &= ~VM_DONTDUMP;
104 break;
105 case MADV_MERGEABLE:
106 case MADV_UNMERGEABLE:
107 error = ksm_madvise(vma, start, end, behavior, &new_flags);
108 if (error) {
109 /*
110 * madvise() returns EAGAIN if kernel resources, such as
111 * slab, are temporarily unavailable.
112 */
113 if (error == -ENOMEM)
114 error = -EAGAIN;
115 goto out;
116 }
117 break;
118 case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
119 case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
120 error = hugepage_madvise(vma, &new_flags, behavior);
121 if (error) {
122 /*
123 * madvise() returns EAGAIN if kernel resources, such as
124 * slab, are temporarily unavailable.
125 */
126 if (error == -ENOMEM)
127 error = -EAGAIN;
128 goto out;
129 }
130 break;
131 }
132
133 if (new_flags == vma->vm_flags) {
134 *prev = vma;
135 goto out;
136 }
137
138 pgoff = vma->vm_pgoff + ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
139 *prev = vma_merge(mm, *prev, start, end, new_flags, vma->anon_vma,
140 vma->vm_file, pgoff, vma_policy(vma),
141 vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx);
142 if (*prev) {
143 vma = *prev;
144 goto success;
145 }
146
147 *prev = vma;
148
149 if (start != vma->vm_start) {
150 if (unlikely(mm->map_count >= sysctl_max_map_count)) {
151 error = -ENOMEM;
152 goto out;
153 }
154 error = __split_vma(mm, vma, start, 1);
155 if (error) {
156 /*
157 * madvise() returns EAGAIN if kernel resources, such as
158 * slab, are temporarily unavailable.
159 */
160 if (error == -ENOMEM)
161 error = -EAGAIN;
162 goto out;
163 }
164 }
165
166 if (end != vma->vm_end) {
167 if (unlikely(mm->map_count >= sysctl_max_map_count)) {
168 error = -ENOMEM;
169 goto out;
170 }
171 error = __split_vma(mm, vma, end, 0);
172 if (error) {
173 /*
174 * madvise() returns EAGAIN if kernel resources, such as
175 * slab, are temporarily unavailable.
176 */
177 if (error == -ENOMEM)
178 error = -EAGAIN;
179 goto out;
180 }
181 }
182
183success:
184 /*
185 * vm_flags is protected by the mmap_sem held in write mode.
186 */
187 vma->vm_flags = new_flags;
188out:
189 return error;
190}
191
192#ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
193static int swapin_walk_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
194 unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
195{
196 pte_t *orig_pte;
197 struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->private;
198 unsigned long index;
199
200 if (pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad(pmd))
201 return 0;
202
203 for (index = start; index != end; index += PAGE_SIZE) {
204 pte_t pte;
205 swp_entry_t entry;
206 struct page *page;
207 spinlock_t *ptl;
208
209 orig_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, start, &ptl);
210 pte = *(orig_pte + ((index - start) / PAGE_SIZE));
211 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
212
213 if (pte_present(pte) || pte_none(pte))
214 continue;
215 entry = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
216 if (unlikely(non_swap_entry(entry)))
217 continue;
218
219 page = read_swap_cache_async(entry, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
220 vma, index, false);
221 if (page)
222 put_page(page);
223 }
224
225 return 0;
226}
227
228static void force_swapin_readahead(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
229 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
230{
231 struct mm_walk walk = {
232 .mm = vma->vm_mm,
233 .pmd_entry = swapin_walk_pmd_entry,
234 .private = vma,
235 };
236
237 walk_page_range(start, end, &walk);
238
239 lru_add_drain(); /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
240}
241
242static void force_shm_swapin_readahead(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
243 unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
244 struct address_space *mapping)
245{
246 pgoff_t index;
247 struct page *page;
248 swp_entry_t swap;
249
250 for (; start < end; start += PAGE_SIZE) {
251 index = ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + vma->vm_pgoff;
252
253 page = find_get_entry(mapping, index);
254 if (!radix_tree_exceptional_entry(page)) {
255 if (page)
256 put_page(page);
257 continue;
258 }
259 swap = radix_to_swp_entry(page);
260 page = read_swap_cache_async(swap, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
261 NULL, 0, false);
262 if (page)
263 put_page(page);
264 }
265
266 lru_add_drain(); /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
267}
268#endif /* CONFIG_SWAP */
269
270/*
271 * Schedule all required I/O operations. Do not wait for completion.
272 */
273static long madvise_willneed(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
274 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
275 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
276{
277 struct file *file = vma->vm_file;
278
279 *prev = vma;
280#ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
281 if (!file) {
282 force_swapin_readahead(vma, start, end);
283 return 0;
284 }
285
286 if (shmem_mapping(file->f_mapping)) {
287 force_shm_swapin_readahead(vma, start, end,
288 file->f_mapping);
289 return 0;
290 }
291#else
292 if (!file)
293 return -EBADF;
294#endif
295
296 if (IS_DAX(file_inode(file))) {
297 /* no bad return value, but ignore advice */
298 return 0;
299 }
300
301 start = ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + vma->vm_pgoff;
302 if (end > vma->vm_end)
303 end = vma->vm_end;
304 end = ((end - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + vma->vm_pgoff;
305
306 force_page_cache_readahead(file->f_mapping, file, start, end - start);
307 return 0;
308}
309
310static int madvise_free_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
311 unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
312
313{
314 struct mmu_gather *tlb = walk->private;
315 struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
316 struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
317 spinlock_t *ptl;
318 pte_t *orig_pte, *pte, ptent;
319 struct page *page;
320 int nr_swap = 0;
321 unsigned long next;
322
323 next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
324 if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd))
325 if (madvise_free_huge_pmd(tlb, vma, pmd, addr, next))
326 goto next;
327
328 if (pmd_trans_unstable(pmd))
329 return 0;
330
331 tlb_remove_check_page_size_change(tlb, PAGE_SIZE);
332 orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
333 flush_tlb_batched_pending(mm);
334 arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
335 for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
336 ptent = *pte;
337
338 if (pte_none(ptent))
339 continue;
340 /*
341 * If the pte has swp_entry, just clear page table to
342 * prevent swap-in which is more expensive rather than
343 * (page allocation + zeroing).
344 */
345 if (!pte_present(ptent)) {
346 swp_entry_t entry;
347
348 entry = pte_to_swp_entry(ptent);
349 if (non_swap_entry(entry))
350 continue;
351 nr_swap--;
352 free_swap_and_cache(entry);
353 pte_clear_not_present_full(mm, addr, pte, tlb->fullmm);
354 continue;
355 }
356
357 page = _vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent, true);
358 if (!page)
359 continue;
360
361 /*
362 * If pmd isn't transhuge but the page is THP and
363 * is owned by only this process, split it and
364 * deactivate all pages.
365 */
366 if (PageTransCompound(page)) {
367 if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
368 goto out;
369 get_page(page);
370 if (!trylock_page(page)) {
371 put_page(page);
372 goto out;
373 }
374 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
375 if (split_huge_page(page)) {
376 unlock_page(page);
377 put_page(page);
378 pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
379 goto out;
380 }
381 unlock_page(page);
382 put_page(page);
383 pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
384 pte--;
385 addr -= PAGE_SIZE;
386 continue;
387 }
388
389 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageTransCompound(page), page);
390
391 if (PageSwapCache(page) || PageDirty(page)) {
392 if (!trylock_page(page))
393 continue;
394 /*
395 * If page is shared with others, we couldn't clear
396 * PG_dirty of the page.
397 */
398 if (page_mapcount(page) != 1) {
399 unlock_page(page);
400 continue;
401 }
402
403 if (PageSwapCache(page) && !try_to_free_swap(page)) {
404 unlock_page(page);
405 continue;
406 }
407
408 ClearPageDirty(page);
409 unlock_page(page);
410 }
411
412 if (pte_young(ptent) || pte_dirty(ptent)) {
413 /*
414 * Some of architecture(ex, PPC) don't update TLB
415 * with set_pte_at and tlb_remove_tlb_entry so for
416 * the portability, remap the pte with old|clean
417 * after pte clearing.
418 */
419 ptent = ptep_get_and_clear_full(mm, addr, pte,
420 tlb->fullmm);
421
422 ptent = pte_mkold(ptent);
423 ptent = pte_mkclean(ptent);
424 set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, ptent);
425 tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb, pte, addr);
426 }
427 mark_page_lazyfree(page);
428 }
429out:
430 if (nr_swap) {
431 if (current->mm == mm)
432 sync_mm_rss(mm);
433
434 add_mm_counter(mm, MM_SWAPENTS, nr_swap);
435 }
436 arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
437 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
438 cond_resched();
439next:
440 return 0;
441}
442
443static void madvise_free_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
444 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
445 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
446{
447 struct mm_walk free_walk = {
448 .pmd_entry = madvise_free_pte_range,
449 .mm = vma->vm_mm,
450 .private = tlb,
451 };
452
453 tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
454 walk_page_range(addr, end, &free_walk);
455 tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
456}
457
458static int madvise_free_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
459 unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
460{
461 unsigned long start, end;
462 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
463 struct mmu_gather tlb;
464
465 /* MADV_FREE works for only anon vma at the moment */
466 if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma))
467 return -EINVAL;
468
469 start = max(vma->vm_start, start_addr);
470 if (start >= vma->vm_end)
471 return -EINVAL;
472 end = min(vma->vm_end, end_addr);
473 if (end <= vma->vm_start)
474 return -EINVAL;
475
476 lru_add_drain();
477 tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm, start, end);
478 update_hiwater_rss(mm);
479
480 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(mm, start, end);
481 madvise_free_page_range(&tlb, vma, start, end);
482 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(mm, start, end);
483 tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb, start, end);
484
485 return 0;
486}
487
488/*
489 * Application no longer needs these pages. If the pages are dirty,
490 * it's OK to just throw them away. The app will be more careful about
491 * data it wants to keep. Be sure to free swap resources too. The
492 * zap_page_range call sets things up for shrink_active_list to actually free
493 * these pages later if no one else has touched them in the meantime,
494 * although we could add these pages to a global reuse list for
495 * shrink_active_list to pick up before reclaiming other pages.
496 *
497 * NB: This interface discards data rather than pushes it out to swap,
498 * as some implementations do. This has performance implications for
499 * applications like large transactional databases which want to discard
500 * pages in anonymous maps after committing to backing store the data
501 * that was kept in them. There is no reason to write this data out to
502 * the swap area if the application is discarding it.
503 *
504 * An interface that causes the system to free clean pages and flush
505 * dirty pages is already available as msync(MS_INVALIDATE).
506 */
507static long madvise_dontneed_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
508 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
509{
510 zap_page_range(vma, start, end - start);
511 return 0;
512}
513
514static long madvise_dontneed_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
515 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
516 unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
517 int behavior)
518{
519 *prev = vma;
520 if (!can_madv_dontneed_vma(vma))
521 return -EINVAL;
522
523 if (!userfaultfd_remove(vma, start, end)) {
524 *prev = NULL; /* mmap_sem has been dropped, prev is stale */
525
526 down_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
527 vma = find_vma(current->mm, start);
528 if (!vma)
529 return -ENOMEM;
530 if (start < vma->vm_start) {
531 /*
532 * This "vma" under revalidation is the one
533 * with the lowest vma->vm_start where start
534 * is also < vma->vm_end. If start <
535 * vma->vm_start it means an hole materialized
536 * in the user address space within the
537 * virtual range passed to MADV_DONTNEED
538 * or MADV_FREE.
539 */
540 return -ENOMEM;
541 }
542 if (!can_madv_dontneed_vma(vma))
543 return -EINVAL;
544 if (end > vma->vm_end) {
545 /*
546 * Don't fail if end > vma->vm_end. If the old
547 * vma was splitted while the mmap_sem was
548 * released the effect of the concurrent
549 * operation may not cause madvise() to
550 * have an undefined result. There may be an
551 * adjacent next vma that we'll walk
552 * next. userfaultfd_remove() will generate an
553 * UFFD_EVENT_REMOVE repetition on the
554 * end-vma->vm_end range, but the manager can
555 * handle a repetition fine.
556 */
557 end = vma->vm_end;
558 }
559 VM_WARN_ON(start >= end);
560 }
561
562 if (behavior == MADV_DONTNEED)
563 return madvise_dontneed_single_vma(vma, start, end);
564 else if (behavior == MADV_FREE)
565 return madvise_free_single_vma(vma, start, end);
566 else
567 return -EINVAL;
568}
569
570/*
571 * Application wants to free up the pages and associated backing store.
572 * This is effectively punching a hole into the middle of a file.
573 */
574static long madvise_remove(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
575 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
576 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
577{
578 loff_t offset;
579 int error;
580 struct file *f;
581
582 *prev = NULL; /* tell sys_madvise we drop mmap_sem */
583
584 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
585 return -EINVAL;
586
587 f = vma->vm_file;
588
589 if (!f || !f->f_mapping || !f->f_mapping->host) {
590 return -EINVAL;
591 }
592
593 if ((vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED|VM_WRITE)) != (VM_SHARED|VM_WRITE))
594 return -EACCES;
595
596 offset = (loff_t)(start - vma->vm_start)
597 + ((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT);
598
599 /*
600 * Filesystem's fallocate may need to take i_mutex. We need to
601 * explicitly grab a reference because the vma (and hence the
602 * vma's reference to the file) can go away as soon as we drop
603 * mmap_sem.
604 */
605 get_file(f);
606 if (userfaultfd_remove(vma, start, end)) {
607 /* mmap_sem was not released by userfaultfd_remove() */
608 up_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
609 }
610 error = vfs_fallocate(f,
611 FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,
612 offset, end - start);
613 fput(f);
614 down_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
615 return error;
616}
617
618#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
619/*
620 * Error injection support for memory error handling.
621 */
622static int madvise_inject_error(int behavior,
623 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
624{
625 struct page *page;
626 struct zone *zone;
627 unsigned int order;
628
629 if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
630 return -EPERM;
631
632
633 for (; start < end; start += PAGE_SIZE << order) {
634 int ret;
635
636 ret = get_user_pages_fast(start, 1, 0, &page);
637 if (ret != 1)
638 return ret;
639
640 /*
641 * When soft offlining hugepages, after migrating the page
642 * we dissolve it, therefore in the second loop "page" will
643 * no longer be a compound page, and order will be 0.
644 */
645 order = compound_order(compound_head(page));
646
647 if (PageHWPoison(page)) {
648 put_page(page);
649 continue;
650 }
651
652 if (behavior == MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE) {
653 pr_info("Soft offlining pfn %#lx at process virtual address %#lx\n",
654 page_to_pfn(page), start);
655
656 ret = soft_offline_page(page, MF_COUNT_INCREASED);
657 if (ret)
658 return ret;
659 continue;
660 }
661 pr_info("Injecting memory failure for pfn %#lx at process virtual address %#lx\n",
662 page_to_pfn(page), start);
663
664 ret = memory_failure(page_to_pfn(page), MF_COUNT_INCREASED);
665 if (ret)
666 return ret;
667 }
668
669 /* Ensure that all poisoned pages are removed from per-cpu lists */
670 for_each_populated_zone(zone)
671 drain_all_pages(zone);
672
673 return 0;
674}
675#endif
676
677static long
678madvise_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **prev,
679 unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int behavior)
680{
681 switch (behavior) {
682 case MADV_REMOVE:
683 return madvise_remove(vma, prev, start, end);
684 case MADV_WILLNEED:
685 return madvise_willneed(vma, prev, start, end);
686 case MADV_FREE:
687 case MADV_DONTNEED:
688 return madvise_dontneed_free(vma, prev, start, end, behavior);
689 default:
690 return madvise_behavior(vma, prev, start, end, behavior);
691 }
692}
693
694static bool
695madvise_behavior_valid(int behavior)
696{
697 switch (behavior) {
698 case MADV_DOFORK:
699 case MADV_DONTFORK:
700 case MADV_NORMAL:
701 case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
702 case MADV_RANDOM:
703 case MADV_REMOVE:
704 case MADV_WILLNEED:
705 case MADV_DONTNEED:
706 case MADV_FREE:
707#ifdef CONFIG_KSM
708 case MADV_MERGEABLE:
709 case MADV_UNMERGEABLE:
710#endif
711#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
712 case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
713 case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
714#endif
715 case MADV_DONTDUMP:
716 case MADV_DODUMP:
717 case MADV_WIPEONFORK:
718 case MADV_KEEPONFORK:
719#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
720 case MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE:
721 case MADV_HWPOISON:
722#endif
723 return true;
724
725 default:
726 return false;
727 }
728}
729
730/*
731 * The madvise(2) system call.
732 *
733 * Applications can use madvise() to advise the kernel how it should
734 * handle paging I/O in this VM area. The idea is to help the kernel
735 * use appropriate read-ahead and caching techniques. The information
736 * provided is advisory only, and can be safely disregarded by the
737 * kernel without affecting the correct operation of the application.
738 *
739 * behavior values:
740 * MADV_NORMAL - the default behavior is to read clusters. This
741 * results in some read-ahead and read-behind.
742 * MADV_RANDOM - the system should read the minimum amount of data
743 * on any access, since it is unlikely that the appli-
744 * cation will need more than what it asks for.
745 * MADV_SEQUENTIAL - pages in the given range will probably be accessed
746 * once, so they can be aggressively read ahead, and
747 * can be freed soon after they are accessed.
748 * MADV_WILLNEED - the application is notifying the system to read
749 * some pages ahead.
750 * MADV_DONTNEED - the application is finished with the given range,
751 * so the kernel can free resources associated with it.
752 * MADV_FREE - the application marks pages in the given range as lazy free,
753 * where actual purges are postponed until memory pressure happens.
754 * MADV_REMOVE - the application wants to free up the given range of
755 * pages and associated backing store.
756 * MADV_DONTFORK - omit this area from child's address space when forking:
757 * typically, to avoid COWing pages pinned by get_user_pages().
758 * MADV_DOFORK - cancel MADV_DONTFORK: no longer omit this area when forking.
759 * MADV_WIPEONFORK - present the child process with zero-filled memory in this
760 * range after a fork.
761 * MADV_KEEPONFORK - undo the effect of MADV_WIPEONFORK
762 * MADV_HWPOISON - trigger memory error handler as if the given memory range
763 * were corrupted by unrecoverable hardware memory failure.
764 * MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE - try to soft-offline the given range of memory.
765 * MADV_MERGEABLE - the application recommends that KSM try to merge pages in
766 * this area with pages of identical content from other such areas.
767 * MADV_UNMERGEABLE- cancel MADV_MERGEABLE: no longer merge pages with others.
768 * MADV_HUGEPAGE - the application wants to back the given range by transparent
769 * huge pages in the future. Existing pages might be coalesced and
770 * new pages might be allocated as THP.
771 * MADV_NOHUGEPAGE - mark the given range as not worth being backed by
772 * transparent huge pages so the existing pages will not be
773 * coalesced into THP and new pages will not be allocated as THP.
774 * MADV_DONTDUMP - the application wants to prevent pages in the given range
775 * from being included in its core dump.
776 * MADV_DODUMP - cancel MADV_DONTDUMP: no longer exclude from core dump.
777 *
778 * return values:
779 * zero - success
780 * -EINVAL - start + len < 0, start is not page-aligned,
781 * "behavior" is not a valid value, or application
782 * is attempting to release locked or shared pages,
783 * or the specified address range includes file, Huge TLB,
784 * MAP_SHARED or VMPFNMAP range.
785 * -ENOMEM - addresses in the specified range are not currently
786 * mapped, or are outside the AS of the process.
787 * -EIO - an I/O error occurred while paging in data.
788 * -EBADF - map exists, but area maps something that isn't a file.
789 * -EAGAIN - a kernel resource was temporarily unavailable.
790 */
791SYSCALL_DEFINE3(madvise, unsigned long, start, size_t, len_in, int, behavior)
792{
793 unsigned long end, tmp;
794 struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev;
795 int unmapped_error = 0;
796 int error = -EINVAL;
797 int write;
798 size_t len;
799 struct blk_plug plug;
800
801 if (!madvise_behavior_valid(behavior))
802 return error;
803
804 if (start & ~PAGE_MASK)
805 return error;
806 len = (len_in + ~PAGE_MASK) & PAGE_MASK;
807
808 /* Check to see whether len was rounded up from small -ve to zero */
809 if (len_in && !len)
810 return error;
811
812 end = start + len;
813 if (end < start)
814 return error;
815
816 error = 0;
817 if (end == start)
818 return error;
819
820#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
821 if (behavior == MADV_HWPOISON || behavior == MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE)
822 return madvise_inject_error(behavior, start, start + len_in);
823#endif
824
825 write = madvise_need_mmap_write(behavior);
826 if (write) {
827 if (down_write_killable(¤t->mm->mmap_sem))
828 return -EINTR;
829 } else {
830 down_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
831 }
832
833 /*
834 * If the interval [start,end) covers some unmapped address
835 * ranges, just ignore them, but return -ENOMEM at the end.
836 * - different from the way of handling in mlock etc.
837 */
838 vma = find_vma_prev(current->mm, start, &prev);
839 if (vma && start > vma->vm_start)
840 prev = vma;
841
842 blk_start_plug(&plug);
843 for (;;) {
844 /* Still start < end. */
845 error = -ENOMEM;
846 if (!vma)
847 goto out;
848
849 /* Here start < (end|vma->vm_end). */
850 if (start < vma->vm_start) {
851 unmapped_error = -ENOMEM;
852 start = vma->vm_start;
853 if (start >= end)
854 goto out;
855 }
856
857 /* Here vma->vm_start <= start < (end|vma->vm_end) */
858 tmp = vma->vm_end;
859 if (end < tmp)
860 tmp = end;
861
862 /* Here vma->vm_start <= start < tmp <= (end|vma->vm_end). */
863 error = madvise_vma(vma, &prev, start, tmp, behavior);
864 if (error)
865 goto out;
866 start = tmp;
867 if (prev && start < prev->vm_end)
868 start = prev->vm_end;
869 error = unmapped_error;
870 if (start >= end)
871 goto out;
872 if (prev)
873 vma = prev->vm_next;
874 else /* madvise_remove dropped mmap_sem */
875 vma = find_vma(current->mm, start);
876 }
877out:
878 blk_finish_plug(&plug);
879 if (write)
880 up_write(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
881 else
882 up_read(¤t->mm->mmap_sem);
883
884 return error;
885}
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2/*
3 * linux/mm/madvise.c
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 1999 Linus Torvalds
6 * Copyright (C) 2002 Christoph Hellwig
7 */
8
9#include <linux/mman.h>
10#include <linux/pagemap.h>
11#include <linux/syscalls.h>
12#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
13#include <linux/page-isolation.h>
14#include <linux/page_idle.h>
15#include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
16#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
17#include <linux/falloc.h>
18#include <linux/fadvise.h>
19#include <linux/sched.h>
20#include <linux/ksm.h>
21#include <linux/fs.h>
22#include <linux/file.h>
23#include <linux/blkdev.h>
24#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
25#include <linux/pagewalk.h>
26#include <linux/swap.h>
27#include <linux/swapops.h>
28#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
29#include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
30#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
31
32#include <asm/tlb.h>
33
34#include "internal.h"
35
36struct madvise_walk_private {
37 struct mmu_gather *tlb;
38 bool pageout;
39};
40
41/*
42 * Any behaviour which results in changes to the vma->vm_flags needs to
43 * take mmap_lock for writing. Others, which simply traverse vmas, need
44 * to only take it for reading.
45 */
46static int madvise_need_mmap_write(int behavior)
47{
48 switch (behavior) {
49 case MADV_REMOVE:
50 case MADV_WILLNEED:
51 case MADV_DONTNEED:
52 case MADV_COLD:
53 case MADV_PAGEOUT:
54 case MADV_FREE:
55 return 0;
56 default:
57 /* be safe, default to 1. list exceptions explicitly */
58 return 1;
59 }
60}
61
62/*
63 * We can potentially split a vm area into separate
64 * areas, each area with its own behavior.
65 */
66static long madvise_behavior(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
67 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
68 unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int behavior)
69{
70 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
71 int error = 0;
72 pgoff_t pgoff;
73 unsigned long new_flags = vma->vm_flags;
74
75 switch (behavior) {
76 case MADV_NORMAL:
77 new_flags = new_flags & ~VM_RAND_READ & ~VM_SEQ_READ;
78 break;
79 case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
80 new_flags = (new_flags & ~VM_RAND_READ) | VM_SEQ_READ;
81 break;
82 case MADV_RANDOM:
83 new_flags = (new_flags & ~VM_SEQ_READ) | VM_RAND_READ;
84 break;
85 case MADV_DONTFORK:
86 new_flags |= VM_DONTCOPY;
87 break;
88 case MADV_DOFORK:
89 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_IO) {
90 error = -EINVAL;
91 goto out;
92 }
93 new_flags &= ~VM_DONTCOPY;
94 break;
95 case MADV_WIPEONFORK:
96 /* MADV_WIPEONFORK is only supported on anonymous memory. */
97 if (vma->vm_file || vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) {
98 error = -EINVAL;
99 goto out;
100 }
101 new_flags |= VM_WIPEONFORK;
102 break;
103 case MADV_KEEPONFORK:
104 new_flags &= ~VM_WIPEONFORK;
105 break;
106 case MADV_DONTDUMP:
107 new_flags |= VM_DONTDUMP;
108 break;
109 case MADV_DODUMP:
110 if (!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) && new_flags & VM_SPECIAL) {
111 error = -EINVAL;
112 goto out;
113 }
114 new_flags &= ~VM_DONTDUMP;
115 break;
116 case MADV_MERGEABLE:
117 case MADV_UNMERGEABLE:
118 error = ksm_madvise(vma, start, end, behavior, &new_flags);
119 if (error)
120 goto out_convert_errno;
121 break;
122 case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
123 case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
124 error = hugepage_madvise(vma, &new_flags, behavior);
125 if (error)
126 goto out_convert_errno;
127 break;
128 }
129
130 if (new_flags == vma->vm_flags) {
131 *prev = vma;
132 goto out;
133 }
134
135 pgoff = vma->vm_pgoff + ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
136 *prev = vma_merge(mm, *prev, start, end, new_flags, vma->anon_vma,
137 vma->vm_file, pgoff, vma_policy(vma),
138 vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx);
139 if (*prev) {
140 vma = *prev;
141 goto success;
142 }
143
144 *prev = vma;
145
146 if (start != vma->vm_start) {
147 if (unlikely(mm->map_count >= sysctl_max_map_count)) {
148 error = -ENOMEM;
149 goto out;
150 }
151 error = __split_vma(mm, vma, start, 1);
152 if (error)
153 goto out_convert_errno;
154 }
155
156 if (end != vma->vm_end) {
157 if (unlikely(mm->map_count >= sysctl_max_map_count)) {
158 error = -ENOMEM;
159 goto out;
160 }
161 error = __split_vma(mm, vma, end, 0);
162 if (error)
163 goto out_convert_errno;
164 }
165
166success:
167 /*
168 * vm_flags is protected by the mmap_lock held in write mode.
169 */
170 vma->vm_flags = new_flags;
171
172out_convert_errno:
173 /*
174 * madvise() returns EAGAIN if kernel resources, such as
175 * slab, are temporarily unavailable.
176 */
177 if (error == -ENOMEM)
178 error = -EAGAIN;
179out:
180 return error;
181}
182
183#ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
184static int swapin_walk_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
185 unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
186{
187 pte_t *orig_pte;
188 struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->private;
189 unsigned long index;
190
191 if (pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad(pmd))
192 return 0;
193
194 for (index = start; index != end; index += PAGE_SIZE) {
195 pte_t pte;
196 swp_entry_t entry;
197 struct page *page;
198 spinlock_t *ptl;
199
200 orig_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, start, &ptl);
201 pte = *(orig_pte + ((index - start) / PAGE_SIZE));
202 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
203
204 if (pte_present(pte) || pte_none(pte))
205 continue;
206 entry = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
207 if (unlikely(non_swap_entry(entry)))
208 continue;
209
210 page = read_swap_cache_async(entry, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
211 vma, index, false);
212 if (page)
213 put_page(page);
214 }
215
216 return 0;
217}
218
219static const struct mm_walk_ops swapin_walk_ops = {
220 .pmd_entry = swapin_walk_pmd_entry,
221};
222
223static void force_shm_swapin_readahead(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
224 unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
225 struct address_space *mapping)
226{
227 pgoff_t index;
228 struct page *page;
229 swp_entry_t swap;
230
231 for (; start < end; start += PAGE_SIZE) {
232 index = ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) + vma->vm_pgoff;
233
234 page = find_get_entry(mapping, index);
235 if (!xa_is_value(page)) {
236 if (page)
237 put_page(page);
238 continue;
239 }
240 swap = radix_to_swp_entry(page);
241 page = read_swap_cache_async(swap, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
242 NULL, 0, false);
243 if (page)
244 put_page(page);
245 }
246
247 lru_add_drain(); /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
248}
249#endif /* CONFIG_SWAP */
250
251/*
252 * Schedule all required I/O operations. Do not wait for completion.
253 */
254static long madvise_willneed(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
255 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
256 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
257{
258 struct file *file = vma->vm_file;
259 loff_t offset;
260
261 *prev = vma;
262#ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
263 if (!file) {
264 walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, start, end, &swapin_walk_ops, vma);
265 lru_add_drain(); /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
266 return 0;
267 }
268
269 if (shmem_mapping(file->f_mapping)) {
270 force_shm_swapin_readahead(vma, start, end,
271 file->f_mapping);
272 return 0;
273 }
274#else
275 if (!file)
276 return -EBADF;
277#endif
278
279 if (IS_DAX(file_inode(file))) {
280 /* no bad return value, but ignore advice */
281 return 0;
282 }
283
284 /*
285 * Filesystem's fadvise may need to take various locks. We need to
286 * explicitly grab a reference because the vma (and hence the
287 * vma's reference to the file) can go away as soon as we drop
288 * mmap_lock.
289 */
290 *prev = NULL; /* tell sys_madvise we drop mmap_lock */
291 get_file(file);
292 offset = (loff_t)(start - vma->vm_start)
293 + ((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT);
294 mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
295 vfs_fadvise(file, offset, end - start, POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED);
296 fput(file);
297 mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
298 return 0;
299}
300
301static int madvise_cold_or_pageout_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd,
302 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
303 struct mm_walk *walk)
304{
305 struct madvise_walk_private *private = walk->private;
306 struct mmu_gather *tlb = private->tlb;
307 bool pageout = private->pageout;
308 struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
309 struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
310 pte_t *orig_pte, *pte, ptent;
311 spinlock_t *ptl;
312 struct page *page = NULL;
313 LIST_HEAD(page_list);
314
315 if (fatal_signal_pending(current))
316 return -EINTR;
317
318#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
319 if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd)) {
320 pmd_t orig_pmd;
321 unsigned long next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
322
323 tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
324 ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
325 if (!ptl)
326 return 0;
327
328 orig_pmd = *pmd;
329 if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd))
330 goto huge_unlock;
331
332 if (unlikely(!pmd_present(orig_pmd))) {
333 VM_BUG_ON(thp_migration_supported() &&
334 !is_pmd_migration_entry(orig_pmd));
335 goto huge_unlock;
336 }
337
338 page = pmd_page(orig_pmd);
339
340 /* Do not interfere with other mappings of this page */
341 if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
342 goto huge_unlock;
343
344 if (next - addr != HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) {
345 int err;
346
347 get_page(page);
348 spin_unlock(ptl);
349 lock_page(page);
350 err = split_huge_page(page);
351 unlock_page(page);
352 put_page(page);
353 if (!err)
354 goto regular_page;
355 return 0;
356 }
357
358 if (pmd_young(orig_pmd)) {
359 pmdp_invalidate(vma, addr, pmd);
360 orig_pmd = pmd_mkold(orig_pmd);
361
362 set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, orig_pmd);
363 tlb_remove_pmd_tlb_entry(tlb, pmd, addr);
364 }
365
366 ClearPageReferenced(page);
367 test_and_clear_page_young(page);
368 if (pageout) {
369 if (!isolate_lru_page(page)) {
370 if (PageUnevictable(page))
371 putback_lru_page(page);
372 else
373 list_add(&page->lru, &page_list);
374 }
375 } else
376 deactivate_page(page);
377huge_unlock:
378 spin_unlock(ptl);
379 if (pageout)
380 reclaim_pages(&page_list);
381 return 0;
382 }
383
384regular_page:
385 if (pmd_trans_unstable(pmd))
386 return 0;
387#endif
388 tlb_change_page_size(tlb, PAGE_SIZE);
389 orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
390 flush_tlb_batched_pending(mm);
391 arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
392 for (; addr < end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
393 ptent = *pte;
394
395 if (pte_none(ptent))
396 continue;
397
398 if (!pte_present(ptent))
399 continue;
400
401 page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
402 if (!page)
403 continue;
404
405 /*
406 * Creating a THP page is expensive so split it only if we
407 * are sure it's worth. Split it if we are only owner.
408 */
409 if (PageTransCompound(page)) {
410 if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
411 break;
412 get_page(page);
413 if (!trylock_page(page)) {
414 put_page(page);
415 break;
416 }
417 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
418 if (split_huge_page(page)) {
419 unlock_page(page);
420 put_page(page);
421 pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
422 break;
423 }
424 unlock_page(page);
425 put_page(page);
426 pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
427 pte--;
428 addr -= PAGE_SIZE;
429 continue;
430 }
431
432 /* Do not interfere with other mappings of this page */
433 if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
434 continue;
435
436 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageTransCompound(page), page);
437
438 if (pte_young(ptent)) {
439 ptent = ptep_get_and_clear_full(mm, addr, pte,
440 tlb->fullmm);
441 ptent = pte_mkold(ptent);
442 set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, ptent);
443 tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb, pte, addr);
444 }
445
446 /*
447 * We are deactivating a page for accelerating reclaiming.
448 * VM couldn't reclaim the page unless we clear PG_young.
449 * As a side effect, it makes confuse idle-page tracking
450 * because they will miss recent referenced history.
451 */
452 ClearPageReferenced(page);
453 test_and_clear_page_young(page);
454 if (pageout) {
455 if (!isolate_lru_page(page)) {
456 if (PageUnevictable(page))
457 putback_lru_page(page);
458 else
459 list_add(&page->lru, &page_list);
460 }
461 } else
462 deactivate_page(page);
463 }
464
465 arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
466 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
467 if (pageout)
468 reclaim_pages(&page_list);
469 cond_resched();
470
471 return 0;
472}
473
474static const struct mm_walk_ops cold_walk_ops = {
475 .pmd_entry = madvise_cold_or_pageout_pte_range,
476};
477
478static void madvise_cold_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
479 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
480 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
481{
482 struct madvise_walk_private walk_private = {
483 .pageout = false,
484 .tlb = tlb,
485 };
486
487 tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
488 walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, addr, end, &cold_walk_ops, &walk_private);
489 tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
490}
491
492static long madvise_cold(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
493 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
494 unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
495{
496 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
497 struct mmu_gather tlb;
498
499 *prev = vma;
500 if (!can_madv_lru_vma(vma))
501 return -EINVAL;
502
503 lru_add_drain();
504 tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm, start_addr, end_addr);
505 madvise_cold_page_range(&tlb, vma, start_addr, end_addr);
506 tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb, start_addr, end_addr);
507
508 return 0;
509}
510
511static void madvise_pageout_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
512 struct vm_area_struct *vma,
513 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
514{
515 struct madvise_walk_private walk_private = {
516 .pageout = true,
517 .tlb = tlb,
518 };
519
520 tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
521 walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, addr, end, &cold_walk_ops, &walk_private);
522 tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
523}
524
525static inline bool can_do_pageout(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
526{
527 if (vma_is_anonymous(vma))
528 return true;
529 if (!vma->vm_file)
530 return false;
531 /*
532 * paging out pagecache only for non-anonymous mappings that correspond
533 * to the files the calling process could (if tried) open for writing;
534 * otherwise we'd be including shared non-exclusive mappings, which
535 * opens a side channel.
536 */
537 return inode_owner_or_capable(file_inode(vma->vm_file)) ||
538 inode_permission(file_inode(vma->vm_file), MAY_WRITE) == 0;
539}
540
541static long madvise_pageout(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
542 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
543 unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
544{
545 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
546 struct mmu_gather tlb;
547
548 *prev = vma;
549 if (!can_madv_lru_vma(vma))
550 return -EINVAL;
551
552 if (!can_do_pageout(vma))
553 return 0;
554
555 lru_add_drain();
556 tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm, start_addr, end_addr);
557 madvise_pageout_page_range(&tlb, vma, start_addr, end_addr);
558 tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb, start_addr, end_addr);
559
560 return 0;
561}
562
563static int madvise_free_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
564 unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
565
566{
567 struct mmu_gather *tlb = walk->private;
568 struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
569 struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
570 spinlock_t *ptl;
571 pte_t *orig_pte, *pte, ptent;
572 struct page *page;
573 int nr_swap = 0;
574 unsigned long next;
575
576 next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
577 if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd))
578 if (madvise_free_huge_pmd(tlb, vma, pmd, addr, next))
579 goto next;
580
581 if (pmd_trans_unstable(pmd))
582 return 0;
583
584 tlb_change_page_size(tlb, PAGE_SIZE);
585 orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
586 flush_tlb_batched_pending(mm);
587 arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
588 for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
589 ptent = *pte;
590
591 if (pte_none(ptent))
592 continue;
593 /*
594 * If the pte has swp_entry, just clear page table to
595 * prevent swap-in which is more expensive rather than
596 * (page allocation + zeroing).
597 */
598 if (!pte_present(ptent)) {
599 swp_entry_t entry;
600
601 entry = pte_to_swp_entry(ptent);
602 if (non_swap_entry(entry))
603 continue;
604 nr_swap--;
605 free_swap_and_cache(entry);
606 pte_clear_not_present_full(mm, addr, pte, tlb->fullmm);
607 continue;
608 }
609
610 page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
611 if (!page)
612 continue;
613
614 /*
615 * If pmd isn't transhuge but the page is THP and
616 * is owned by only this process, split it and
617 * deactivate all pages.
618 */
619 if (PageTransCompound(page)) {
620 if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
621 goto out;
622 get_page(page);
623 if (!trylock_page(page)) {
624 put_page(page);
625 goto out;
626 }
627 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
628 if (split_huge_page(page)) {
629 unlock_page(page);
630 put_page(page);
631 pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
632 goto out;
633 }
634 unlock_page(page);
635 put_page(page);
636 pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
637 pte--;
638 addr -= PAGE_SIZE;
639 continue;
640 }
641
642 VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageTransCompound(page), page);
643
644 if (PageSwapCache(page) || PageDirty(page)) {
645 if (!trylock_page(page))
646 continue;
647 /*
648 * If page is shared with others, we couldn't clear
649 * PG_dirty of the page.
650 */
651 if (page_mapcount(page) != 1) {
652 unlock_page(page);
653 continue;
654 }
655
656 if (PageSwapCache(page) && !try_to_free_swap(page)) {
657 unlock_page(page);
658 continue;
659 }
660
661 ClearPageDirty(page);
662 unlock_page(page);
663 }
664
665 if (pte_young(ptent) || pte_dirty(ptent)) {
666 /*
667 * Some of architecture(ex, PPC) don't update TLB
668 * with set_pte_at and tlb_remove_tlb_entry so for
669 * the portability, remap the pte with old|clean
670 * after pte clearing.
671 */
672 ptent = ptep_get_and_clear_full(mm, addr, pte,
673 tlb->fullmm);
674
675 ptent = pte_mkold(ptent);
676 ptent = pte_mkclean(ptent);
677 set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, ptent);
678 tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb, pte, addr);
679 }
680 mark_page_lazyfree(page);
681 }
682out:
683 if (nr_swap) {
684 if (current->mm == mm)
685 sync_mm_rss(mm);
686
687 add_mm_counter(mm, MM_SWAPENTS, nr_swap);
688 }
689 arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
690 pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
691 cond_resched();
692next:
693 return 0;
694}
695
696static const struct mm_walk_ops madvise_free_walk_ops = {
697 .pmd_entry = madvise_free_pte_range,
698};
699
700static int madvise_free_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
701 unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
702{
703 struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
704 struct mmu_notifier_range range;
705 struct mmu_gather tlb;
706
707 /* MADV_FREE works for only anon vma at the moment */
708 if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma))
709 return -EINVAL;
710
711 range.start = max(vma->vm_start, start_addr);
712 if (range.start >= vma->vm_end)
713 return -EINVAL;
714 range.end = min(vma->vm_end, end_addr);
715 if (range.end <= vma->vm_start)
716 return -EINVAL;
717 mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, mm,
718 range.start, range.end);
719
720 lru_add_drain();
721 tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm, range.start, range.end);
722 update_hiwater_rss(mm);
723
724 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
725 tlb_start_vma(&tlb, vma);
726 walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, range.start, range.end,
727 &madvise_free_walk_ops, &tlb);
728 tlb_end_vma(&tlb, vma);
729 mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
730 tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb, range.start, range.end);
731
732 return 0;
733}
734
735/*
736 * Application no longer needs these pages. If the pages are dirty,
737 * it's OK to just throw them away. The app will be more careful about
738 * data it wants to keep. Be sure to free swap resources too. The
739 * zap_page_range call sets things up for shrink_active_list to actually free
740 * these pages later if no one else has touched them in the meantime,
741 * although we could add these pages to a global reuse list for
742 * shrink_active_list to pick up before reclaiming other pages.
743 *
744 * NB: This interface discards data rather than pushes it out to swap,
745 * as some implementations do. This has performance implications for
746 * applications like large transactional databases which want to discard
747 * pages in anonymous maps after committing to backing store the data
748 * that was kept in them. There is no reason to write this data out to
749 * the swap area if the application is discarding it.
750 *
751 * An interface that causes the system to free clean pages and flush
752 * dirty pages is already available as msync(MS_INVALIDATE).
753 */
754static long madvise_dontneed_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
755 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
756{
757 zap_page_range(vma, start, end - start);
758 return 0;
759}
760
761static long madvise_dontneed_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
762 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
763 unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
764 int behavior)
765{
766 *prev = vma;
767 if (!can_madv_lru_vma(vma))
768 return -EINVAL;
769
770 if (!userfaultfd_remove(vma, start, end)) {
771 *prev = NULL; /* mmap_lock has been dropped, prev is stale */
772
773 mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
774 vma = find_vma(current->mm, start);
775 if (!vma)
776 return -ENOMEM;
777 if (start < vma->vm_start) {
778 /*
779 * This "vma" under revalidation is the one
780 * with the lowest vma->vm_start where start
781 * is also < vma->vm_end. If start <
782 * vma->vm_start it means an hole materialized
783 * in the user address space within the
784 * virtual range passed to MADV_DONTNEED
785 * or MADV_FREE.
786 */
787 return -ENOMEM;
788 }
789 if (!can_madv_lru_vma(vma))
790 return -EINVAL;
791 if (end > vma->vm_end) {
792 /*
793 * Don't fail if end > vma->vm_end. If the old
794 * vma was splitted while the mmap_lock was
795 * released the effect of the concurrent
796 * operation may not cause madvise() to
797 * have an undefined result. There may be an
798 * adjacent next vma that we'll walk
799 * next. userfaultfd_remove() will generate an
800 * UFFD_EVENT_REMOVE repetition on the
801 * end-vma->vm_end range, but the manager can
802 * handle a repetition fine.
803 */
804 end = vma->vm_end;
805 }
806 VM_WARN_ON(start >= end);
807 }
808
809 if (behavior == MADV_DONTNEED)
810 return madvise_dontneed_single_vma(vma, start, end);
811 else if (behavior == MADV_FREE)
812 return madvise_free_single_vma(vma, start, end);
813 else
814 return -EINVAL;
815}
816
817/*
818 * Application wants to free up the pages and associated backing store.
819 * This is effectively punching a hole into the middle of a file.
820 */
821static long madvise_remove(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
822 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
823 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
824{
825 loff_t offset;
826 int error;
827 struct file *f;
828
829 *prev = NULL; /* tell sys_madvise we drop mmap_lock */
830
831 if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
832 return -EINVAL;
833
834 f = vma->vm_file;
835
836 if (!f || !f->f_mapping || !f->f_mapping->host) {
837 return -EINVAL;
838 }
839
840 if ((vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED|VM_WRITE)) != (VM_SHARED|VM_WRITE))
841 return -EACCES;
842
843 offset = (loff_t)(start - vma->vm_start)
844 + ((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT);
845
846 /*
847 * Filesystem's fallocate may need to take i_mutex. We need to
848 * explicitly grab a reference because the vma (and hence the
849 * vma's reference to the file) can go away as soon as we drop
850 * mmap_lock.
851 */
852 get_file(f);
853 if (userfaultfd_remove(vma, start, end)) {
854 /* mmap_lock was not released by userfaultfd_remove() */
855 mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
856 }
857 error = vfs_fallocate(f,
858 FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,
859 offset, end - start);
860 fput(f);
861 mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
862 return error;
863}
864
865#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
866/*
867 * Error injection support for memory error handling.
868 */
869static int madvise_inject_error(int behavior,
870 unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
871{
872 struct page *page;
873 struct zone *zone;
874 unsigned long size;
875
876 if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
877 return -EPERM;
878
879
880 for (; start < end; start += size) {
881 unsigned long pfn;
882 int ret;
883
884 ret = get_user_pages_fast(start, 1, 0, &page);
885 if (ret != 1)
886 return ret;
887 pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
888
889 /*
890 * When soft offlining hugepages, after migrating the page
891 * we dissolve it, therefore in the second loop "page" will
892 * no longer be a compound page.
893 */
894 size = page_size(compound_head(page));
895
896 if (PageHWPoison(page)) {
897 put_page(page);
898 continue;
899 }
900
901 if (behavior == MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE) {
902 pr_info("Soft offlining pfn %#lx at process virtual address %#lx\n",
903 pfn, start);
904
905 ret = soft_offline_page(pfn, MF_COUNT_INCREASED);
906 if (ret)
907 return ret;
908 continue;
909 }
910
911 pr_info("Injecting memory failure for pfn %#lx at process virtual address %#lx\n",
912 pfn, start);
913
914 /*
915 * Drop the page reference taken by get_user_pages_fast(). In
916 * the absence of MF_COUNT_INCREASED the memory_failure()
917 * routine is responsible for pinning the page to prevent it
918 * from being released back to the page allocator.
919 */
920 put_page(page);
921 ret = memory_failure(pfn, 0);
922 if (ret)
923 return ret;
924 }
925
926 /* Ensure that all poisoned pages are removed from per-cpu lists */
927 for_each_populated_zone(zone)
928 drain_all_pages(zone);
929
930 return 0;
931}
932#endif
933
934static long
935madvise_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **prev,
936 unsigned long start, unsigned long end, int behavior)
937{
938 switch (behavior) {
939 case MADV_REMOVE:
940 return madvise_remove(vma, prev, start, end);
941 case MADV_WILLNEED:
942 return madvise_willneed(vma, prev, start, end);
943 case MADV_COLD:
944 return madvise_cold(vma, prev, start, end);
945 case MADV_PAGEOUT:
946 return madvise_pageout(vma, prev, start, end);
947 case MADV_FREE:
948 case MADV_DONTNEED:
949 return madvise_dontneed_free(vma, prev, start, end, behavior);
950 default:
951 return madvise_behavior(vma, prev, start, end, behavior);
952 }
953}
954
955static bool
956madvise_behavior_valid(int behavior)
957{
958 switch (behavior) {
959 case MADV_DOFORK:
960 case MADV_DONTFORK:
961 case MADV_NORMAL:
962 case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
963 case MADV_RANDOM:
964 case MADV_REMOVE:
965 case MADV_WILLNEED:
966 case MADV_DONTNEED:
967 case MADV_FREE:
968 case MADV_COLD:
969 case MADV_PAGEOUT:
970#ifdef CONFIG_KSM
971 case MADV_MERGEABLE:
972 case MADV_UNMERGEABLE:
973#endif
974#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
975 case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
976 case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
977#endif
978 case MADV_DONTDUMP:
979 case MADV_DODUMP:
980 case MADV_WIPEONFORK:
981 case MADV_KEEPONFORK:
982#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
983 case MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE:
984 case MADV_HWPOISON:
985#endif
986 return true;
987
988 default:
989 return false;
990 }
991}
992
993/*
994 * The madvise(2) system call.
995 *
996 * Applications can use madvise() to advise the kernel how it should
997 * handle paging I/O in this VM area. The idea is to help the kernel
998 * use appropriate read-ahead and caching techniques. The information
999 * provided is advisory only, and can be safely disregarded by the
1000 * kernel without affecting the correct operation of the application.
1001 *
1002 * behavior values:
1003 * MADV_NORMAL - the default behavior is to read clusters. This
1004 * results in some read-ahead and read-behind.
1005 * MADV_RANDOM - the system should read the minimum amount of data
1006 * on any access, since it is unlikely that the appli-
1007 * cation will need more than what it asks for.
1008 * MADV_SEQUENTIAL - pages in the given range will probably be accessed
1009 * once, so they can be aggressively read ahead, and
1010 * can be freed soon after they are accessed.
1011 * MADV_WILLNEED - the application is notifying the system to read
1012 * some pages ahead.
1013 * MADV_DONTNEED - the application is finished with the given range,
1014 * so the kernel can free resources associated with it.
1015 * MADV_FREE - the application marks pages in the given range as lazy free,
1016 * where actual purges are postponed until memory pressure happens.
1017 * MADV_REMOVE - the application wants to free up the given range of
1018 * pages and associated backing store.
1019 * MADV_DONTFORK - omit this area from child's address space when forking:
1020 * typically, to avoid COWing pages pinned by get_user_pages().
1021 * MADV_DOFORK - cancel MADV_DONTFORK: no longer omit this area when forking.
1022 * MADV_WIPEONFORK - present the child process with zero-filled memory in this
1023 * range after a fork.
1024 * MADV_KEEPONFORK - undo the effect of MADV_WIPEONFORK
1025 * MADV_HWPOISON - trigger memory error handler as if the given memory range
1026 * were corrupted by unrecoverable hardware memory failure.
1027 * MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE - try to soft-offline the given range of memory.
1028 * MADV_MERGEABLE - the application recommends that KSM try to merge pages in
1029 * this area with pages of identical content from other such areas.
1030 * MADV_UNMERGEABLE- cancel MADV_MERGEABLE: no longer merge pages with others.
1031 * MADV_HUGEPAGE - the application wants to back the given range by transparent
1032 * huge pages in the future. Existing pages might be coalesced and
1033 * new pages might be allocated as THP.
1034 * MADV_NOHUGEPAGE - mark the given range as not worth being backed by
1035 * transparent huge pages so the existing pages will not be
1036 * coalesced into THP and new pages will not be allocated as THP.
1037 * MADV_DONTDUMP - the application wants to prevent pages in the given range
1038 * from being included in its core dump.
1039 * MADV_DODUMP - cancel MADV_DONTDUMP: no longer exclude from core dump.
1040 *
1041 * return values:
1042 * zero - success
1043 * -EINVAL - start + len < 0, start is not page-aligned,
1044 * "behavior" is not a valid value, or application
1045 * is attempting to release locked or shared pages,
1046 * or the specified address range includes file, Huge TLB,
1047 * MAP_SHARED or VMPFNMAP range.
1048 * -ENOMEM - addresses in the specified range are not currently
1049 * mapped, or are outside the AS of the process.
1050 * -EIO - an I/O error occurred while paging in data.
1051 * -EBADF - map exists, but area maps something that isn't a file.
1052 * -EAGAIN - a kernel resource was temporarily unavailable.
1053 */
1054int do_madvise(unsigned long start, size_t len_in, int behavior)
1055{
1056 unsigned long end, tmp;
1057 struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev;
1058 int unmapped_error = 0;
1059 int error = -EINVAL;
1060 int write;
1061 size_t len;
1062 struct blk_plug plug;
1063
1064 start = untagged_addr(start);
1065
1066 if (!madvise_behavior_valid(behavior))
1067 return error;
1068
1069 if (!PAGE_ALIGNED(start))
1070 return error;
1071 len = PAGE_ALIGN(len_in);
1072
1073 /* Check to see whether len was rounded up from small -ve to zero */
1074 if (len_in && !len)
1075 return error;
1076
1077 end = start + len;
1078 if (end < start)
1079 return error;
1080
1081 error = 0;
1082 if (end == start)
1083 return error;
1084
1085#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
1086 if (behavior == MADV_HWPOISON || behavior == MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE)
1087 return madvise_inject_error(behavior, start, start + len_in);
1088#endif
1089
1090 write = madvise_need_mmap_write(behavior);
1091 if (write) {
1092 if (mmap_write_lock_killable(current->mm))
1093 return -EINTR;
1094
1095 /*
1096 * We may have stolen the mm from another process
1097 * that is undergoing core dumping.
1098 *
1099 * Right now that's io_ring, in the future it may
1100 * be remote process management and not "current"
1101 * at all.
1102 *
1103 * We need to fix core dumping to not do this,
1104 * but for now we have the mmget_still_valid()
1105 * model.
1106 */
1107 if (!mmget_still_valid(current->mm)) {
1108 mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
1109 return -EINTR;
1110 }
1111 } else {
1112 mmap_read_lock(current->mm);
1113 }
1114
1115 /*
1116 * If the interval [start,end) covers some unmapped address
1117 * ranges, just ignore them, but return -ENOMEM at the end.
1118 * - different from the way of handling in mlock etc.
1119 */
1120 vma = find_vma_prev(current->mm, start, &prev);
1121 if (vma && start > vma->vm_start)
1122 prev = vma;
1123
1124 blk_start_plug(&plug);
1125 for (;;) {
1126 /* Still start < end. */
1127 error = -ENOMEM;
1128 if (!vma)
1129 goto out;
1130
1131 /* Here start < (end|vma->vm_end). */
1132 if (start < vma->vm_start) {
1133 unmapped_error = -ENOMEM;
1134 start = vma->vm_start;
1135 if (start >= end)
1136 goto out;
1137 }
1138
1139 /* Here vma->vm_start <= start < (end|vma->vm_end) */
1140 tmp = vma->vm_end;
1141 if (end < tmp)
1142 tmp = end;
1143
1144 /* Here vma->vm_start <= start < tmp <= (end|vma->vm_end). */
1145 error = madvise_vma(vma, &prev, start, tmp, behavior);
1146 if (error)
1147 goto out;
1148 start = tmp;
1149 if (prev && start < prev->vm_end)
1150 start = prev->vm_end;
1151 error = unmapped_error;
1152 if (start >= end)
1153 goto out;
1154 if (prev)
1155 vma = prev->vm_next;
1156 else /* madvise_remove dropped mmap_lock */
1157 vma = find_vma(current->mm, start);
1158 }
1159out:
1160 blk_finish_plug(&plug);
1161 if (write)
1162 mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
1163 else
1164 mmap_read_unlock(current->mm);
1165
1166 return error;
1167}
1168
1169SYSCALL_DEFINE3(madvise, unsigned long, start, size_t, len_in, int, behavior)
1170{
1171 return do_madvise(start, len_in, behavior);
1172}