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1/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2/*
3 * GCC stack protector support.
4 *
5 * Stack protector works by putting predefined pattern at the start of
6 * the stack frame and verifying that it hasn't been overwritten when
7 * returning from the function. The pattern is called stack canary
8 * and unfortunately gcc requires it to be at a fixed offset from %gs.
9 * On x86_64, the offset is 40 bytes and on x86_32 20 bytes. x86_64
10 * and x86_32 use segment registers differently and thus handles this
11 * requirement differently.
12 *
13 * On x86_64, %gs is shared by percpu area and stack canary. All
14 * percpu symbols are zero based and %gs points to the base of percpu
15 * area. The first occupant of the percpu area is always
16 * irq_stack_union which contains stack_canary at offset 40. Userland
17 * %gs is always saved and restored on kernel entry and exit using
18 * swapgs, so stack protector doesn't add any complexity there.
19 *
20 * On x86_32, it's slightly more complicated. As in x86_64, %gs is
21 * used for userland TLS. Unfortunately, some processors are much
22 * slower at loading segment registers with different value when
23 * entering and leaving the kernel, so the kernel uses %fs for percpu
24 * area and manages %gs lazily so that %gs is switched only when
25 * necessary, usually during task switch.
26 *
27 * As gcc requires the stack canary at %gs:20, %gs can't be managed
28 * lazily if stack protector is enabled, so the kernel saves and
29 * restores userland %gs on kernel entry and exit. This behavior is
30 * controlled by CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS and accessors are defined in
31 * system.h to hide the details.
32 */
33
34#ifndef _ASM_STACKPROTECTOR_H
35#define _ASM_STACKPROTECTOR_H 1
36
37#ifdef CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR
38
39#include <asm/tsc.h>
40#include <asm/processor.h>
41#include <asm/percpu.h>
42#include <asm/desc.h>
43
44#include <linux/random.h>
45#include <linux/sched.h>
46
47/*
48 * 24 byte read-only segment initializer for stack canary. Linker
49 * can't handle the address bit shifting. Address will be set in
50 * head_32 for boot CPU and setup_per_cpu_areas() for others.
51 */
52#define GDT_STACK_CANARY_INIT \
53 [GDT_ENTRY_STACK_CANARY] = GDT_ENTRY_INIT(0x4090, 0, 0x18),
54
55/*
56 * Initialize the stackprotector canary value.
57 *
58 * NOTE: this must only be called from functions that never return,
59 * and it must always be inlined.
60 */
61static __always_inline void boot_init_stack_canary(void)
62{
63 u64 canary;
64 u64 tsc;
65
66#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
67 BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(union irq_stack_union, stack_canary) != 40);
68#endif
69 /*
70 * We both use the random pool and the current TSC as a source
71 * of randomness. The TSC only matters for very early init,
72 * there it already has some randomness on most systems. Later
73 * on during the bootup the random pool has true entropy too.
74 */
75 get_random_bytes(&canary, sizeof(canary));
76 tsc = rdtsc();
77 canary += tsc + (tsc << 32UL);
78 canary &= CANARY_MASK;
79
80 current->stack_canary = canary;
81#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
82 this_cpu_write(irq_stack_union.stack_canary, canary);
83#else
84 this_cpu_write(stack_canary.canary, canary);
85#endif
86}
87
88static inline void setup_stack_canary_segment(int cpu)
89{
90#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
91 unsigned long canary = (unsigned long)&per_cpu(stack_canary, cpu);
92 struct desc_struct *gdt_table = get_cpu_gdt_rw(cpu);
93 struct desc_struct desc;
94
95 desc = gdt_table[GDT_ENTRY_STACK_CANARY];
96 set_desc_base(&desc, canary);
97 write_gdt_entry(gdt_table, GDT_ENTRY_STACK_CANARY, &desc, DESCTYPE_S);
98#endif
99}
100
101static inline void load_stack_canary_segment(void)
102{
103#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
104 asm("mov %0, %%gs" : : "r" (__KERNEL_STACK_CANARY) : "memory");
105#endif
106}
107
108#else /* CC_STACKPROTECTOR */
109
110#define GDT_STACK_CANARY_INIT
111
112/* dummy boot_init_stack_canary() is defined in linux/stackprotector.h */
113
114static inline void setup_stack_canary_segment(int cpu)
115{ }
116
117static inline void load_stack_canary_segment(void)
118{
119#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
120 asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "r" (0));
121#endif
122}
123
124#endif /* CC_STACKPROTECTOR */
125#endif /* _ASM_STACKPROTECTOR_H */
1/*
2 * GCC stack protector support.
3 *
4 * Stack protector works by putting predefined pattern at the start of
5 * the stack frame and verifying that it hasn't been overwritten when
6 * returning from the function. The pattern is called stack canary
7 * and unfortunately gcc requires it to be at a fixed offset from %gs.
8 * On x86_64, the offset is 40 bytes and on x86_32 20 bytes. x86_64
9 * and x86_32 use segment registers differently and thus handles this
10 * requirement differently.
11 *
12 * On x86_64, %gs is shared by percpu area and stack canary. All
13 * percpu symbols are zero based and %gs points to the base of percpu
14 * area. The first occupant of the percpu area is always
15 * irq_stack_union which contains stack_canary at offset 40. Userland
16 * %gs is always saved and restored on kernel entry and exit using
17 * swapgs, so stack protector doesn't add any complexity there.
18 *
19 * On x86_32, it's slightly more complicated. As in x86_64, %gs is
20 * used for userland TLS. Unfortunately, some processors are much
21 * slower at loading segment registers with different value when
22 * entering and leaving the kernel, so the kernel uses %fs for percpu
23 * area and manages %gs lazily so that %gs is switched only when
24 * necessary, usually during task switch.
25 *
26 * As gcc requires the stack canary at %gs:20, %gs can't be managed
27 * lazily if stack protector is enabled, so the kernel saves and
28 * restores userland %gs on kernel entry and exit. This behavior is
29 * controlled by CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS and accessors are defined in
30 * system.h to hide the details.
31 */
32
33#ifndef _ASM_STACKPROTECTOR_H
34#define _ASM_STACKPROTECTOR_H 1
35
36#ifdef CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR
37
38#include <asm/tsc.h>
39#include <asm/processor.h>
40#include <asm/percpu.h>
41#include <asm/desc.h>
42
43#include <linux/random.h>
44#include <linux/sched.h>
45
46/*
47 * 24 byte read-only segment initializer for stack canary. Linker
48 * can't handle the address bit shifting. Address will be set in
49 * head_32 for boot CPU and setup_per_cpu_areas() for others.
50 */
51#define GDT_STACK_CANARY_INIT \
52 [GDT_ENTRY_STACK_CANARY] = GDT_ENTRY_INIT(0x4090, 0, 0x18),
53
54/*
55 * Initialize the stackprotector canary value.
56 *
57 * NOTE: this must only be called from functions that never return,
58 * and it must always be inlined.
59 */
60static __always_inline void boot_init_stack_canary(void)
61{
62 u64 canary;
63 u64 tsc;
64
65#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
66 BUILD_BUG_ON(offsetof(union irq_stack_union, stack_canary) != 40);
67#endif
68 /*
69 * We both use the random pool and the current TSC as a source
70 * of randomness. The TSC only matters for very early init,
71 * there it already has some randomness on most systems. Later
72 * on during the bootup the random pool has true entropy too.
73 */
74 get_random_bytes(&canary, sizeof(canary));
75 tsc = rdtsc();
76 canary += tsc + (tsc << 32UL);
77
78 current->stack_canary = canary;
79#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
80 this_cpu_write(irq_stack_union.stack_canary, canary);
81#else
82 this_cpu_write(stack_canary.canary, canary);
83#endif
84}
85
86static inline void setup_stack_canary_segment(int cpu)
87{
88#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
89 unsigned long canary = (unsigned long)&per_cpu(stack_canary, cpu);
90 struct desc_struct *gdt_table = get_cpu_gdt_table(cpu);
91 struct desc_struct desc;
92
93 desc = gdt_table[GDT_ENTRY_STACK_CANARY];
94 set_desc_base(&desc, canary);
95 write_gdt_entry(gdt_table, GDT_ENTRY_STACK_CANARY, &desc, DESCTYPE_S);
96#endif
97}
98
99static inline void load_stack_canary_segment(void)
100{
101#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
102 asm("mov %0, %%gs" : : "r" (__KERNEL_STACK_CANARY) : "memory");
103#endif
104}
105
106#else /* CC_STACKPROTECTOR */
107
108#define GDT_STACK_CANARY_INIT
109
110/* dummy boot_init_stack_canary() is defined in linux/stackprotector.h */
111
112static inline void setup_stack_canary_segment(int cpu)
113{ }
114
115static inline void load_stack_canary_segment(void)
116{
117#ifdef CONFIG_X86_32
118 asm volatile ("mov %0, %%gs" : : "r" (0));
119#endif
120}
121
122#endif /* CC_STACKPROTECTOR */
123#endif /* _ASM_STACKPROTECTOR_H */