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1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2/*
3 * linux/arch/alpha/mm/init.c
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
6 */
7
8/* 2.3.x zone allocator, 1999 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> */
9
10#include <linux/pagemap.h>
11#include <linux/signal.h>
12#include <linux/sched.h>
13#include <linux/kernel.h>
14#include <linux/errno.h>
15#include <linux/string.h>
16#include <linux/types.h>
17#include <linux/ptrace.h>
18#include <linux/mman.h>
19#include <linux/mm.h>
20#include <linux/swap.h>
21#include <linux/init.h>
22#include <linux/bootmem.h> /* max_low_pfn */
23#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
24#include <linux/gfp.h>
25
26#include <linux/uaccess.h>
27#include <asm/pgtable.h>
28#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
29#include <asm/hwrpb.h>
30#include <asm/dma.h>
31#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
32#include <asm/console.h>
33#include <asm/tlb.h>
34#include <asm/setup.h>
35#include <asm/sections.h>
36
37extern void die_if_kernel(char *,struct pt_regs *,long);
38
39static struct pcb_struct original_pcb;
40
41pgd_t *
42pgd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm)
43{
44 pgd_t *ret, *init;
45
46 ret = (pgd_t *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
47 init = pgd_offset(&init_mm, 0UL);
48 if (ret) {
49#ifdef CONFIG_ALPHA_LARGE_VMALLOC
50 memcpy (ret + USER_PTRS_PER_PGD, init + USER_PTRS_PER_PGD,
51 (PTRS_PER_PGD - USER_PTRS_PER_PGD - 1)*sizeof(pgd_t));
52#else
53 pgd_val(ret[PTRS_PER_PGD-2]) = pgd_val(init[PTRS_PER_PGD-2]);
54#endif
55
56 /* The last PGD entry is the VPTB self-map. */
57 pgd_val(ret[PTRS_PER_PGD-1])
58 = pte_val(mk_pte(virt_to_page(ret), PAGE_KERNEL));
59 }
60 return ret;
61}
62
63
64/*
65 * BAD_PAGE is the page that is used for page faults when linux
66 * is out-of-memory. Older versions of linux just did a
67 * do_exit(), but using this instead means there is less risk
68 * for a process dying in kernel mode, possibly leaving an inode
69 * unused etc..
70 *
71 * BAD_PAGETABLE is the accompanying page-table: it is initialized
72 * to point to BAD_PAGE entries.
73 *
74 * ZERO_PAGE is a special page that is used for zero-initialized
75 * data and COW.
76 */
77pmd_t *
78__bad_pagetable(void)
79{
80 memset((void *) EMPTY_PGT, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
81 return (pmd_t *) EMPTY_PGT;
82}
83
84pte_t
85__bad_page(void)
86{
87 memset((void *) EMPTY_PGE, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
88 return pte_mkdirty(mk_pte(virt_to_page(EMPTY_PGE), PAGE_SHARED));
89}
90
91static inline unsigned long
92load_PCB(struct pcb_struct *pcb)
93{
94 register unsigned long sp __asm__("$30");
95 pcb->ksp = sp;
96 return __reload_thread(pcb);
97}
98
99/* Set up initial PCB, VPTB, and other such nicities. */
100
101static inline void
102switch_to_system_map(void)
103{
104 unsigned long newptbr;
105 unsigned long original_pcb_ptr;
106
107 /* Initialize the kernel's page tables. Linux puts the vptb in
108 the last slot of the L1 page table. */
109 memset(swapper_pg_dir, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
110 newptbr = ((unsigned long) swapper_pg_dir - PAGE_OFFSET) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
111 pgd_val(swapper_pg_dir[1023]) =
112 (newptbr << 32) | pgprot_val(PAGE_KERNEL);
113
114 /* Set the vptb. This is often done by the bootloader, but
115 shouldn't be required. */
116 if (hwrpb->vptb != 0xfffffffe00000000UL) {
117 wrvptptr(0xfffffffe00000000UL);
118 hwrpb->vptb = 0xfffffffe00000000UL;
119 hwrpb_update_checksum(hwrpb);
120 }
121
122 /* Also set up the real kernel PCB while we're at it. */
123 init_thread_info.pcb.ptbr = newptbr;
124 init_thread_info.pcb.flags = 1; /* set FEN, clear everything else */
125 original_pcb_ptr = load_PCB(&init_thread_info.pcb);
126 tbia();
127
128 /* Save off the contents of the original PCB so that we can
129 restore the original console's page tables for a clean reboot.
130
131 Note that the PCB is supposed to be a physical address, but
132 since KSEG values also happen to work, folks get confused.
133 Check this here. */
134
135 if (original_pcb_ptr < PAGE_OFFSET) {
136 original_pcb_ptr = (unsigned long)
137 phys_to_virt(original_pcb_ptr);
138 }
139 original_pcb = *(struct pcb_struct *) original_pcb_ptr;
140}
141
142int callback_init_done;
143
144void * __init
145callback_init(void * kernel_end)
146{
147 struct crb_struct * crb;
148 pgd_t *pgd;
149 pmd_t *pmd;
150 void *two_pages;
151
152 /* Starting at the HWRPB, locate the CRB. */
153 crb = (struct crb_struct *)((char *)hwrpb + hwrpb->crb_offset);
154
155 if (alpha_using_srm) {
156 /* Tell the console whither it is to be remapped. */
157 if (srm_fixup(VMALLOC_START, (unsigned long)hwrpb))
158 __halt(); /* "We're boned." --Bender */
159
160 /* Edit the procedure descriptors for DISPATCH and FIXUP. */
161 crb->dispatch_va = (struct procdesc_struct *)
162 (VMALLOC_START + (unsigned long)crb->dispatch_va
163 - crb->map[0].va);
164 crb->fixup_va = (struct procdesc_struct *)
165 (VMALLOC_START + (unsigned long)crb->fixup_va
166 - crb->map[0].va);
167 }
168
169 switch_to_system_map();
170
171 /* Allocate one PGD and one PMD. In the case of SRM, we'll need
172 these to actually remap the console. There is an assumption
173 here that only one of each is needed, and this allows for 8MB.
174 On systems with larger consoles, additional pages will be
175 allocated as needed during the mapping process.
176
177 In the case of not SRM, but not CONFIG_ALPHA_LARGE_VMALLOC,
178 we need to allocate the PGD we use for vmalloc before we start
179 forking other tasks. */
180
181 two_pages = (void *)
182 (((unsigned long)kernel_end + ~PAGE_MASK) & PAGE_MASK);
183 kernel_end = two_pages + 2*PAGE_SIZE;
184 memset(two_pages, 0, 2*PAGE_SIZE);
185
186 pgd = pgd_offset_k(VMALLOC_START);
187 pgd_set(pgd, (pmd_t *)two_pages);
188 pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, VMALLOC_START);
189 pmd_set(pmd, (pte_t *)(two_pages + PAGE_SIZE));
190
191 if (alpha_using_srm) {
192 static struct vm_struct console_remap_vm;
193 unsigned long nr_pages = 0;
194 unsigned long vaddr;
195 unsigned long i, j;
196
197 /* calculate needed size */
198 for (i = 0; i < crb->map_entries; ++i)
199 nr_pages += crb->map[i].count;
200
201 /* register the vm area */
202 console_remap_vm.flags = VM_ALLOC;
203 console_remap_vm.size = nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
204 vm_area_register_early(&console_remap_vm, PAGE_SIZE);
205
206 vaddr = (unsigned long)console_remap_vm.addr;
207
208 /* Set up the third level PTEs and update the virtual
209 addresses of the CRB entries. */
210 for (i = 0; i < crb->map_entries; ++i) {
211 unsigned long pfn = crb->map[i].pa >> PAGE_SHIFT;
212 crb->map[i].va = vaddr;
213 for (j = 0; j < crb->map[i].count; ++j) {
214 /* Newer consoles (especially on larger
215 systems) may require more pages of
216 PTEs. Grab additional pages as needed. */
217 if (pmd != pmd_offset(pgd, vaddr)) {
218 memset(kernel_end, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
219 pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, vaddr);
220 pmd_set(pmd, (pte_t *)kernel_end);
221 kernel_end += PAGE_SIZE;
222 }
223 set_pte(pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr),
224 pfn_pte(pfn, PAGE_KERNEL));
225 pfn++;
226 vaddr += PAGE_SIZE;
227 }
228 }
229 }
230
231 callback_init_done = 1;
232 return kernel_end;
233}
234
235
236#ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
237/*
238 * paging_init() sets up the memory map.
239 */
240void __init paging_init(void)
241{
242 unsigned long zones_size[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {0, };
243 unsigned long dma_pfn, high_pfn;
244
245 dma_pfn = virt_to_phys((char *)MAX_DMA_ADDRESS) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
246 high_pfn = max_pfn = max_low_pfn;
247
248 if (dma_pfn >= high_pfn)
249 zones_size[ZONE_DMA] = high_pfn;
250 else {
251 zones_size[ZONE_DMA] = dma_pfn;
252 zones_size[ZONE_NORMAL] = high_pfn - dma_pfn;
253 }
254
255 /* Initialize mem_map[]. */
256 free_area_init(zones_size);
257
258 /* Initialize the kernel's ZERO_PGE. */
259 memset((void *)ZERO_PGE, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
260}
261#endif /* CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM */
262
263#if defined(CONFIG_ALPHA_GENERIC) || defined(CONFIG_ALPHA_SRM)
264void
265srm_paging_stop (void)
266{
267 /* Move the vptb back to where the SRM console expects it. */
268 swapper_pg_dir[1] = swapper_pg_dir[1023];
269 tbia();
270 wrvptptr(0x200000000UL);
271 hwrpb->vptb = 0x200000000UL;
272 hwrpb_update_checksum(hwrpb);
273
274 /* Reload the page tables that the console had in use. */
275 load_PCB(&original_pcb);
276 tbia();
277}
278#endif
279
280void __init
281mem_init(void)
282{
283 set_max_mapnr(max_low_pfn);
284 high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE);
285 free_all_bootmem();
286 mem_init_print_info(NULL);
287}
288
289void
290free_initmem(void)
291{
292 free_initmem_default(-1);
293}
294
295#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
296void
297free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
298{
299 free_reserved_area((void *)start, (void *)end, -1, "initrd");
300}
301#endif
1/*
2 * linux/arch/alpha/mm/init.c
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 1995 Linus Torvalds
5 */
6
7/* 2.3.x zone allocator, 1999 Andrea Arcangeli <andrea@suse.de> */
8
9#include <linux/pagemap.h>
10#include <linux/signal.h>
11#include <linux/sched.h>
12#include <linux/kernel.h>
13#include <linux/errno.h>
14#include <linux/string.h>
15#include <linux/types.h>
16#include <linux/ptrace.h>
17#include <linux/mman.h>
18#include <linux/mm.h>
19#include <linux/swap.h>
20#include <linux/init.h>
21#include <linux/bootmem.h> /* max_low_pfn */
22#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
23#include <linux/gfp.h>
24
25#include <asm/uaccess.h>
26#include <asm/pgtable.h>
27#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
28#include <asm/hwrpb.h>
29#include <asm/dma.h>
30#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
31#include <asm/console.h>
32#include <asm/tlb.h>
33#include <asm/setup.h>
34
35extern void die_if_kernel(char *,struct pt_regs *,long);
36
37static struct pcb_struct original_pcb;
38
39pgd_t *
40pgd_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm)
41{
42 pgd_t *ret, *init;
43
44 ret = (pgd_t *)__get_free_page(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
45 init = pgd_offset(&init_mm, 0UL);
46 if (ret) {
47#ifdef CONFIG_ALPHA_LARGE_VMALLOC
48 memcpy (ret + USER_PTRS_PER_PGD, init + USER_PTRS_PER_PGD,
49 (PTRS_PER_PGD - USER_PTRS_PER_PGD - 1)*sizeof(pgd_t));
50#else
51 pgd_val(ret[PTRS_PER_PGD-2]) = pgd_val(init[PTRS_PER_PGD-2]);
52#endif
53
54 /* The last PGD entry is the VPTB self-map. */
55 pgd_val(ret[PTRS_PER_PGD-1])
56 = pte_val(mk_pte(virt_to_page(ret), PAGE_KERNEL));
57 }
58 return ret;
59}
60
61
62/*
63 * BAD_PAGE is the page that is used for page faults when linux
64 * is out-of-memory. Older versions of linux just did a
65 * do_exit(), but using this instead means there is less risk
66 * for a process dying in kernel mode, possibly leaving an inode
67 * unused etc..
68 *
69 * BAD_PAGETABLE is the accompanying page-table: it is initialized
70 * to point to BAD_PAGE entries.
71 *
72 * ZERO_PAGE is a special page that is used for zero-initialized
73 * data and COW.
74 */
75pmd_t *
76__bad_pagetable(void)
77{
78 memset((void *) EMPTY_PGT, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
79 return (pmd_t *) EMPTY_PGT;
80}
81
82pte_t
83__bad_page(void)
84{
85 memset((void *) EMPTY_PGE, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
86 return pte_mkdirty(mk_pte(virt_to_page(EMPTY_PGE), PAGE_SHARED));
87}
88
89static inline unsigned long
90load_PCB(struct pcb_struct *pcb)
91{
92 register unsigned long sp __asm__("$30");
93 pcb->ksp = sp;
94 return __reload_thread(pcb);
95}
96
97/* Set up initial PCB, VPTB, and other such nicities. */
98
99static inline void
100switch_to_system_map(void)
101{
102 unsigned long newptbr;
103 unsigned long original_pcb_ptr;
104
105 /* Initialize the kernel's page tables. Linux puts the vptb in
106 the last slot of the L1 page table. */
107 memset(swapper_pg_dir, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
108 newptbr = ((unsigned long) swapper_pg_dir - PAGE_OFFSET) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
109 pgd_val(swapper_pg_dir[1023]) =
110 (newptbr << 32) | pgprot_val(PAGE_KERNEL);
111
112 /* Set the vptb. This is often done by the bootloader, but
113 shouldn't be required. */
114 if (hwrpb->vptb != 0xfffffffe00000000UL) {
115 wrvptptr(0xfffffffe00000000UL);
116 hwrpb->vptb = 0xfffffffe00000000UL;
117 hwrpb_update_checksum(hwrpb);
118 }
119
120 /* Also set up the real kernel PCB while we're at it. */
121 init_thread_info.pcb.ptbr = newptbr;
122 init_thread_info.pcb.flags = 1; /* set FEN, clear everything else */
123 original_pcb_ptr = load_PCB(&init_thread_info.pcb);
124 tbia();
125
126 /* Save off the contents of the original PCB so that we can
127 restore the original console's page tables for a clean reboot.
128
129 Note that the PCB is supposed to be a physical address, but
130 since KSEG values also happen to work, folks get confused.
131 Check this here. */
132
133 if (original_pcb_ptr < PAGE_OFFSET) {
134 original_pcb_ptr = (unsigned long)
135 phys_to_virt(original_pcb_ptr);
136 }
137 original_pcb = *(struct pcb_struct *) original_pcb_ptr;
138}
139
140int callback_init_done;
141
142void * __init
143callback_init(void * kernel_end)
144{
145 struct crb_struct * crb;
146 pgd_t *pgd;
147 pmd_t *pmd;
148 void *two_pages;
149
150 /* Starting at the HWRPB, locate the CRB. */
151 crb = (struct crb_struct *)((char *)hwrpb + hwrpb->crb_offset);
152
153 if (alpha_using_srm) {
154 /* Tell the console whither it is to be remapped. */
155 if (srm_fixup(VMALLOC_START, (unsigned long)hwrpb))
156 __halt(); /* "We're boned." --Bender */
157
158 /* Edit the procedure descriptors for DISPATCH and FIXUP. */
159 crb->dispatch_va = (struct procdesc_struct *)
160 (VMALLOC_START + (unsigned long)crb->dispatch_va
161 - crb->map[0].va);
162 crb->fixup_va = (struct procdesc_struct *)
163 (VMALLOC_START + (unsigned long)crb->fixup_va
164 - crb->map[0].va);
165 }
166
167 switch_to_system_map();
168
169 /* Allocate one PGD and one PMD. In the case of SRM, we'll need
170 these to actually remap the console. There is an assumption
171 here that only one of each is needed, and this allows for 8MB.
172 On systems with larger consoles, additional pages will be
173 allocated as needed during the mapping process.
174
175 In the case of not SRM, but not CONFIG_ALPHA_LARGE_VMALLOC,
176 we need to allocate the PGD we use for vmalloc before we start
177 forking other tasks. */
178
179 two_pages = (void *)
180 (((unsigned long)kernel_end + ~PAGE_MASK) & PAGE_MASK);
181 kernel_end = two_pages + 2*PAGE_SIZE;
182 memset(two_pages, 0, 2*PAGE_SIZE);
183
184 pgd = pgd_offset_k(VMALLOC_START);
185 pgd_set(pgd, (pmd_t *)two_pages);
186 pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, VMALLOC_START);
187 pmd_set(pmd, (pte_t *)(two_pages + PAGE_SIZE));
188
189 if (alpha_using_srm) {
190 static struct vm_struct console_remap_vm;
191 unsigned long nr_pages = 0;
192 unsigned long vaddr;
193 unsigned long i, j;
194
195 /* calculate needed size */
196 for (i = 0; i < crb->map_entries; ++i)
197 nr_pages += crb->map[i].count;
198
199 /* register the vm area */
200 console_remap_vm.flags = VM_ALLOC;
201 console_remap_vm.size = nr_pages << PAGE_SHIFT;
202 vm_area_register_early(&console_remap_vm, PAGE_SIZE);
203
204 vaddr = (unsigned long)console_remap_vm.addr;
205
206 /* Set up the third level PTEs and update the virtual
207 addresses of the CRB entries. */
208 for (i = 0; i < crb->map_entries; ++i) {
209 unsigned long pfn = crb->map[i].pa >> PAGE_SHIFT;
210 crb->map[i].va = vaddr;
211 for (j = 0; j < crb->map[i].count; ++j) {
212 /* Newer consoles (especially on larger
213 systems) may require more pages of
214 PTEs. Grab additional pages as needed. */
215 if (pmd != pmd_offset(pgd, vaddr)) {
216 memset(kernel_end, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
217 pmd = pmd_offset(pgd, vaddr);
218 pmd_set(pmd, (pte_t *)kernel_end);
219 kernel_end += PAGE_SIZE;
220 }
221 set_pte(pte_offset_kernel(pmd, vaddr),
222 pfn_pte(pfn, PAGE_KERNEL));
223 pfn++;
224 vaddr += PAGE_SIZE;
225 }
226 }
227 }
228
229 callback_init_done = 1;
230 return kernel_end;
231}
232
233
234#ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
235/*
236 * paging_init() sets up the memory map.
237 */
238void __init paging_init(void)
239{
240 unsigned long zones_size[MAX_NR_ZONES] = {0, };
241 unsigned long dma_pfn, high_pfn;
242
243 dma_pfn = virt_to_phys((char *)MAX_DMA_ADDRESS) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
244 high_pfn = max_pfn = max_low_pfn;
245
246 if (dma_pfn >= high_pfn)
247 zones_size[ZONE_DMA] = high_pfn;
248 else {
249 zones_size[ZONE_DMA] = dma_pfn;
250 zones_size[ZONE_NORMAL] = high_pfn - dma_pfn;
251 }
252
253 /* Initialize mem_map[]. */
254 free_area_init(zones_size);
255
256 /* Initialize the kernel's ZERO_PGE. */
257 memset((void *)ZERO_PGE, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
258}
259#endif /* CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM */
260
261#if defined(CONFIG_ALPHA_GENERIC) || defined(CONFIG_ALPHA_SRM)
262void
263srm_paging_stop (void)
264{
265 /* Move the vptb back to where the SRM console expects it. */
266 swapper_pg_dir[1] = swapper_pg_dir[1023];
267 tbia();
268 wrvptptr(0x200000000UL);
269 hwrpb->vptb = 0x200000000UL;
270 hwrpb_update_checksum(hwrpb);
271
272 /* Reload the page tables that the console had in use. */
273 load_PCB(&original_pcb);
274 tbia();
275}
276#endif
277
278#ifndef CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM
279static void __init
280printk_memory_info(void)
281{
282 unsigned long codesize, reservedpages, datasize, initsize, tmp;
283 extern int page_is_ram(unsigned long) __init;
284 extern char _text, _etext, _data, _edata;
285 extern char __init_begin, __init_end;
286
287 /* printk all informations */
288 reservedpages = 0;
289 for (tmp = 0; tmp < max_low_pfn; tmp++)
290 /*
291 * Only count reserved RAM pages
292 */
293 if (page_is_ram(tmp) && PageReserved(mem_map+tmp))
294 reservedpages++;
295
296 codesize = (unsigned long) &_etext - (unsigned long) &_text;
297 datasize = (unsigned long) &_edata - (unsigned long) &_data;
298 initsize = (unsigned long) &__init_end - (unsigned long) &__init_begin;
299
300 printk("Memory: %luk/%luk available (%luk kernel code, %luk reserved, %luk data, %luk init)\n",
301 nr_free_pages() << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
302 max_mapnr << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
303 codesize >> 10,
304 reservedpages << (PAGE_SHIFT-10),
305 datasize >> 10,
306 initsize >> 10);
307}
308
309void __init
310mem_init(void)
311{
312 max_mapnr = num_physpages = max_low_pfn;
313 totalram_pages += free_all_bootmem();
314 high_memory = (void *) __va(max_low_pfn * PAGE_SIZE);
315
316 printk_memory_info();
317}
318#endif /* CONFIG_DISCONTIGMEM */
319
320void
321free_reserved_mem(void *start, void *end)
322{
323 void *__start = start;
324 for (; __start < end; __start += PAGE_SIZE) {
325 ClearPageReserved(virt_to_page(__start));
326 init_page_count(virt_to_page(__start));
327 free_page((long)__start);
328 totalram_pages++;
329 }
330}
331
332void
333free_initmem(void)
334{
335 extern char __init_begin, __init_end;
336
337 free_reserved_mem(&__init_begin, &__init_end);
338 printk ("Freeing unused kernel memory: %ldk freed\n",
339 (&__init_end - &__init_begin) >> 10);
340}
341
342#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
343void
344free_initrd_mem(unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
345{
346 free_reserved_mem((void *)start, (void *)end);
347 printk ("Freeing initrd memory: %ldk freed\n", (end - start) >> 10);
348}
349#endif