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1/*
2 * Binary Increase Congestion control for TCP
3 * Home page:
4 * http://netsrv.csc.ncsu.edu/twiki/bin/view/Main/BIC
5 * This is from the implementation of BICTCP in
6 * Lison-Xu, Kahaled Harfoush, and Injong Rhee.
7 * "Binary Increase Congestion Control for Fast, Long Distance
8 * Networks" in InfoComm 2004
9 * Available from:
10 * http://netsrv.csc.ncsu.edu/export/bitcp.pdf
11 *
12 * Unless BIC is enabled and congestion window is large
13 * this behaves the same as the original Reno.
14 */
15
16#include <linux/mm.h>
17#include <linux/module.h>
18#include <net/tcp.h>
19
20#define BICTCP_BETA_SCALE 1024 /* Scale factor beta calculation
21 * max_cwnd = snd_cwnd * beta
22 */
23#define BICTCP_B 4 /*
24 * In binary search,
25 * go to point (max+min)/N
26 */
27
28static int fast_convergence = 1;
29static int max_increment = 16;
30static int low_window = 14;
31static int beta = 819; /* = 819/1024 (BICTCP_BETA_SCALE) */
32static int initial_ssthresh;
33static int smooth_part = 20;
34
35module_param(fast_convergence, int, 0644);
36MODULE_PARM_DESC(fast_convergence, "turn on/off fast convergence");
37module_param(max_increment, int, 0644);
38MODULE_PARM_DESC(max_increment, "Limit on increment allowed during binary search");
39module_param(low_window, int, 0644);
40MODULE_PARM_DESC(low_window, "lower bound on congestion window (for TCP friendliness)");
41module_param(beta, int, 0644);
42MODULE_PARM_DESC(beta, "beta for multiplicative increase");
43module_param(initial_ssthresh, int, 0644);
44MODULE_PARM_DESC(initial_ssthresh, "initial value of slow start threshold");
45module_param(smooth_part, int, 0644);
46MODULE_PARM_DESC(smooth_part, "log(B/(B*Smin))/log(B/(B-1))+B, # of RTT from Wmax-B to Wmax");
47
48/* BIC TCP Parameters */
49struct bictcp {
50 u32 cnt; /* increase cwnd by 1 after ACKs */
51 u32 last_max_cwnd; /* last maximum snd_cwnd */
52 u32 last_cwnd; /* the last snd_cwnd */
53 u32 last_time; /* time when updated last_cwnd */
54 u32 epoch_start; /* beginning of an epoch */
55#define ACK_RATIO_SHIFT 4
56 u32 delayed_ack; /* estimate the ratio of Packets/ACKs << 4 */
57};
58
59static inline void bictcp_reset(struct bictcp *ca)
60{
61 ca->cnt = 0;
62 ca->last_max_cwnd = 0;
63 ca->last_cwnd = 0;
64 ca->last_time = 0;
65 ca->epoch_start = 0;
66 ca->delayed_ack = 2 << ACK_RATIO_SHIFT;
67}
68
69static void bictcp_init(struct sock *sk)
70{
71 struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
72
73 bictcp_reset(ca);
74
75 if (initial_ssthresh)
76 tcp_sk(sk)->snd_ssthresh = initial_ssthresh;
77}
78
79/*
80 * Compute congestion window to use.
81 */
82static inline void bictcp_update(struct bictcp *ca, u32 cwnd)
83{
84 if (ca->last_cwnd == cwnd &&
85 (s32)(tcp_jiffies32 - ca->last_time) <= HZ / 32)
86 return;
87
88 ca->last_cwnd = cwnd;
89 ca->last_time = tcp_jiffies32;
90
91 if (ca->epoch_start == 0) /* record the beginning of an epoch */
92 ca->epoch_start = tcp_jiffies32;
93
94 /* start off normal */
95 if (cwnd <= low_window) {
96 ca->cnt = cwnd;
97 return;
98 }
99
100 /* binary increase */
101 if (cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd) {
102 __u32 dist = (ca->last_max_cwnd - cwnd)
103 / BICTCP_B;
104
105 if (dist > max_increment)
106 /* linear increase */
107 ca->cnt = cwnd / max_increment;
108 else if (dist <= 1U)
109 /* binary search increase */
110 ca->cnt = (cwnd * smooth_part) / BICTCP_B;
111 else
112 /* binary search increase */
113 ca->cnt = cwnd / dist;
114 } else {
115 /* slow start AMD linear increase */
116 if (cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd + BICTCP_B)
117 /* slow start */
118 ca->cnt = (cwnd * smooth_part) / BICTCP_B;
119 else if (cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd + max_increment*(BICTCP_B-1))
120 /* slow start */
121 ca->cnt = (cwnd * (BICTCP_B-1))
122 / (cwnd - ca->last_max_cwnd);
123 else
124 /* linear increase */
125 ca->cnt = cwnd / max_increment;
126 }
127
128 /* if in slow start or link utilization is very low */
129 if (ca->last_max_cwnd == 0) {
130 if (ca->cnt > 20) /* increase cwnd 5% per RTT */
131 ca->cnt = 20;
132 }
133
134 ca->cnt = (ca->cnt << ACK_RATIO_SHIFT) / ca->delayed_ack;
135 if (ca->cnt == 0) /* cannot be zero */
136 ca->cnt = 1;
137}
138
139static void bictcp_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack, u32 acked)
140{
141 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
142 struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
143
144 if (!tcp_is_cwnd_limited(sk))
145 return;
146
147 if (tcp_in_slow_start(tp))
148 tcp_slow_start(tp, acked);
149 else {
150 bictcp_update(ca, tp->snd_cwnd);
151 tcp_cong_avoid_ai(tp, ca->cnt, 1);
152 }
153}
154
155/*
156 * behave like Reno until low_window is reached,
157 * then increase congestion window slowly
158 */
159static u32 bictcp_recalc_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
160{
161 const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
162 struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
163
164 ca->epoch_start = 0; /* end of epoch */
165
166 /* Wmax and fast convergence */
167 if (tp->snd_cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd && fast_convergence)
168 ca->last_max_cwnd = (tp->snd_cwnd * (BICTCP_BETA_SCALE + beta))
169 / (2 * BICTCP_BETA_SCALE);
170 else
171 ca->last_max_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
172
173 if (tp->snd_cwnd <= low_window)
174 return max(tp->snd_cwnd >> 1U, 2U);
175 else
176 return max((tp->snd_cwnd * beta) / BICTCP_BETA_SCALE, 2U);
177}
178
179static void bictcp_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
180{
181 if (new_state == TCP_CA_Loss)
182 bictcp_reset(inet_csk_ca(sk));
183}
184
185/* Track delayed acknowledgment ratio using sliding window
186 * ratio = (15*ratio + sample) / 16
187 */
188static void bictcp_acked(struct sock *sk, const struct ack_sample *sample)
189{
190 const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
191
192 if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Open) {
193 struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
194
195 ca->delayed_ack += sample->pkts_acked -
196 (ca->delayed_ack >> ACK_RATIO_SHIFT);
197 }
198}
199
200static struct tcp_congestion_ops bictcp __read_mostly = {
201 .init = bictcp_init,
202 .ssthresh = bictcp_recalc_ssthresh,
203 .cong_avoid = bictcp_cong_avoid,
204 .set_state = bictcp_state,
205 .undo_cwnd = tcp_reno_undo_cwnd,
206 .pkts_acked = bictcp_acked,
207 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
208 .name = "bic",
209};
210
211static int __init bictcp_register(void)
212{
213 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct bictcp) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
214 return tcp_register_congestion_control(&bictcp);
215}
216
217static void __exit bictcp_unregister(void)
218{
219 tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&bictcp);
220}
221
222module_init(bictcp_register);
223module_exit(bictcp_unregister);
224
225MODULE_AUTHOR("Stephen Hemminger");
226MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
227MODULE_DESCRIPTION("BIC TCP");
1/*
2 * Binary Increase Congestion control for TCP
3 * Home page:
4 * http://netsrv.csc.ncsu.edu/twiki/bin/view/Main/BIC
5 * This is from the implementation of BICTCP in
6 * Lison-Xu, Kahaled Harfoush, and Injong Rhee.
7 * "Binary Increase Congestion Control for Fast, Long Distance
8 * Networks" in InfoComm 2004
9 * Available from:
10 * http://netsrv.csc.ncsu.edu/export/bitcp.pdf
11 *
12 * Unless BIC is enabled and congestion window is large
13 * this behaves the same as the original Reno.
14 */
15
16#include <linux/mm.h>
17#include <linux/module.h>
18#include <net/tcp.h>
19
20
21#define BICTCP_BETA_SCALE 1024 /* Scale factor beta calculation
22 * max_cwnd = snd_cwnd * beta
23 */
24#define BICTCP_B 4 /*
25 * In binary search,
26 * go to point (max+min)/N
27 */
28
29static int fast_convergence = 1;
30static int max_increment = 16;
31static int low_window = 14;
32static int beta = 819; /* = 819/1024 (BICTCP_BETA_SCALE) */
33static int initial_ssthresh;
34static int smooth_part = 20;
35
36module_param(fast_convergence, int, 0644);
37MODULE_PARM_DESC(fast_convergence, "turn on/off fast convergence");
38module_param(max_increment, int, 0644);
39MODULE_PARM_DESC(max_increment, "Limit on increment allowed during binary search");
40module_param(low_window, int, 0644);
41MODULE_PARM_DESC(low_window, "lower bound on congestion window (for TCP friendliness)");
42module_param(beta, int, 0644);
43MODULE_PARM_DESC(beta, "beta for multiplicative increase");
44module_param(initial_ssthresh, int, 0644);
45MODULE_PARM_DESC(initial_ssthresh, "initial value of slow start threshold");
46module_param(smooth_part, int, 0644);
47MODULE_PARM_DESC(smooth_part, "log(B/(B*Smin))/log(B/(B-1))+B, # of RTT from Wmax-B to Wmax");
48
49
50/* BIC TCP Parameters */
51struct bictcp {
52 u32 cnt; /* increase cwnd by 1 after ACKs */
53 u32 last_max_cwnd; /* last maximum snd_cwnd */
54 u32 loss_cwnd; /* congestion window at last loss */
55 u32 last_cwnd; /* the last snd_cwnd */
56 u32 last_time; /* time when updated last_cwnd */
57 u32 epoch_start; /* beginning of an epoch */
58#define ACK_RATIO_SHIFT 4
59 u32 delayed_ack; /* estimate the ratio of Packets/ACKs << 4 */
60};
61
62static inline void bictcp_reset(struct bictcp *ca)
63{
64 ca->cnt = 0;
65 ca->last_max_cwnd = 0;
66 ca->last_cwnd = 0;
67 ca->last_time = 0;
68 ca->epoch_start = 0;
69 ca->delayed_ack = 2 << ACK_RATIO_SHIFT;
70}
71
72static void bictcp_init(struct sock *sk)
73{
74 struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
75
76 bictcp_reset(ca);
77 ca->loss_cwnd = 0;
78
79 if (initial_ssthresh)
80 tcp_sk(sk)->snd_ssthresh = initial_ssthresh;
81}
82
83/*
84 * Compute congestion window to use.
85 */
86static inline void bictcp_update(struct bictcp *ca, u32 cwnd)
87{
88 if (ca->last_cwnd == cwnd &&
89 (s32)(tcp_time_stamp - ca->last_time) <= HZ / 32)
90 return;
91
92 ca->last_cwnd = cwnd;
93 ca->last_time = tcp_time_stamp;
94
95 if (ca->epoch_start == 0) /* record the beginning of an epoch */
96 ca->epoch_start = tcp_time_stamp;
97
98 /* start off normal */
99 if (cwnd <= low_window) {
100 ca->cnt = cwnd;
101 return;
102 }
103
104 /* binary increase */
105 if (cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd) {
106 __u32 dist = (ca->last_max_cwnd - cwnd)
107 / BICTCP_B;
108
109 if (dist > max_increment)
110 /* linear increase */
111 ca->cnt = cwnd / max_increment;
112 else if (dist <= 1U)
113 /* binary search increase */
114 ca->cnt = (cwnd * smooth_part) / BICTCP_B;
115 else
116 /* binary search increase */
117 ca->cnt = cwnd / dist;
118 } else {
119 /* slow start AMD linear increase */
120 if (cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd + BICTCP_B)
121 /* slow start */
122 ca->cnt = (cwnd * smooth_part) / BICTCP_B;
123 else if (cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd + max_increment*(BICTCP_B-1))
124 /* slow start */
125 ca->cnt = (cwnd * (BICTCP_B-1))
126 / (cwnd - ca->last_max_cwnd);
127 else
128 /* linear increase */
129 ca->cnt = cwnd / max_increment;
130 }
131
132 /* if in slow start or link utilization is very low */
133 if (ca->last_max_cwnd == 0) {
134 if (ca->cnt > 20) /* increase cwnd 5% per RTT */
135 ca->cnt = 20;
136 }
137
138 ca->cnt = (ca->cnt << ACK_RATIO_SHIFT) / ca->delayed_ack;
139 if (ca->cnt == 0) /* cannot be zero */
140 ca->cnt = 1;
141}
142
143static void bictcp_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack, u32 acked,
144 u32 in_flight)
145{
146 struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
147 struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
148
149 if (!tcp_is_cwnd_limited(sk, in_flight))
150 return;
151
152 if (tp->snd_cwnd <= tp->snd_ssthresh)
153 tcp_slow_start(tp, acked);
154 else {
155 bictcp_update(ca, tp->snd_cwnd);
156 tcp_cong_avoid_ai(tp, ca->cnt);
157 }
158
159}
160
161/*
162 * behave like Reno until low_window is reached,
163 * then increase congestion window slowly
164 */
165static u32 bictcp_recalc_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
166{
167 const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
168 struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
169
170 ca->epoch_start = 0; /* end of epoch */
171
172 /* Wmax and fast convergence */
173 if (tp->snd_cwnd < ca->last_max_cwnd && fast_convergence)
174 ca->last_max_cwnd = (tp->snd_cwnd * (BICTCP_BETA_SCALE + beta))
175 / (2 * BICTCP_BETA_SCALE);
176 else
177 ca->last_max_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
178
179 ca->loss_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
180
181
182 if (tp->snd_cwnd <= low_window)
183 return max(tp->snd_cwnd >> 1U, 2U);
184 else
185 return max((tp->snd_cwnd * beta) / BICTCP_BETA_SCALE, 2U);
186}
187
188static u32 bictcp_undo_cwnd(struct sock *sk)
189{
190 const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
191 const struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
192 return max(tp->snd_cwnd, ca->loss_cwnd);
193}
194
195static void bictcp_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
196{
197 if (new_state == TCP_CA_Loss)
198 bictcp_reset(inet_csk_ca(sk));
199}
200
201/* Track delayed acknowledgment ratio using sliding window
202 * ratio = (15*ratio + sample) / 16
203 */
204static void bictcp_acked(struct sock *sk, u32 cnt, s32 rtt)
205{
206 const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
207
208 if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Open) {
209 struct bictcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
210 cnt -= ca->delayed_ack >> ACK_RATIO_SHIFT;
211 ca->delayed_ack += cnt;
212 }
213}
214
215
216static struct tcp_congestion_ops bictcp __read_mostly = {
217 .init = bictcp_init,
218 .ssthresh = bictcp_recalc_ssthresh,
219 .cong_avoid = bictcp_cong_avoid,
220 .set_state = bictcp_state,
221 .undo_cwnd = bictcp_undo_cwnd,
222 .pkts_acked = bictcp_acked,
223 .owner = THIS_MODULE,
224 .name = "bic",
225};
226
227static int __init bictcp_register(void)
228{
229 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct bictcp) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
230 return tcp_register_congestion_control(&bictcp);
231}
232
233static void __exit bictcp_unregister(void)
234{
235 tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&bictcp);
236}
237
238module_init(bictcp_register);
239module_exit(bictcp_unregister);
240
241MODULE_AUTHOR("Stephen Hemminger");
242MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
243MODULE_DESCRIPTION("BIC TCP");