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v4.10.11
  1/*
  2 * recordmcount.c: construct a table of the locations of calls to 'mcount'
  3 * so that ftrace can find them quickly.
  4 * Copyright 2009 John F. Reiser <jreiser@BitWagon.com>.  All rights reserved.
  5 * Licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 2 (GPLv2).
  6 *
  7 * Restructured to fit Linux format, as well as other updates:
  8 *  Copyright 2010 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>, Red Hat Inc.
  9 */
 10
 11/*
 12 * Strategy: alter the .o file in-place.
 13 *
 14 * Append a new STRTAB that has the new section names, followed by a new array
 15 * ElfXX_Shdr[] that has the new section headers, followed by the section
 16 * contents for __mcount_loc and its relocations.  The old shstrtab strings,
 17 * and the old ElfXX_Shdr[] array, remain as "garbage" (commonly, a couple
 18 * kilobytes.)  Subsequent processing by /bin/ld (or the kernel module loader)
 19 * will ignore the garbage regions, because they are not designated by the
 20 * new .e_shoff nor the new ElfXX_Shdr[].  [In order to remove the garbage,
 21 * then use "ld -r" to create a new file that omits the garbage.]
 22 */
 23
 24#include <sys/types.h>
 25#include <sys/mman.h>
 26#include <sys/stat.h>
 27#include <getopt.h>
 28#include <elf.h>
 29#include <fcntl.h>
 30#include <setjmp.h>
 31#include <stdio.h>
 32#include <stdlib.h>
 33#include <string.h>
 34#include <unistd.h>
 35
 36/*
 37 * glibc synced up and added the metag number but didn't add the relocations.
 38 * Work around this in a crude manner for now.
 39 */
 40#ifndef EM_METAG
 41#define EM_METAG      174
 42#endif
 43#ifndef R_METAG_ADDR32
 44#define R_METAG_ADDR32                   2
 45#endif
 46#ifndef R_METAG_NONE
 47#define R_METAG_NONE                     3
 48#endif
 49
 50#ifndef EM_AARCH64
 51#define EM_AARCH64	183
 52#define R_AARCH64_NONE		0
 53#define R_AARCH64_ABS64	257
 54#endif
 55
 56static int fd_map;	/* File descriptor for file being modified. */
 57static int mmap_failed; /* Boolean flag. */
 
 58static char gpfx;	/* prefix for global symbol name (sometimes '_') */
 59static struct stat sb;	/* Remember .st_size, etc. */
 60static jmp_buf jmpenv;	/* setjmp/longjmp per-file error escape */
 61static const char *altmcount;	/* alternate mcount symbol name */
 62static int warn_on_notrace_sect; /* warn when section has mcount not being recorded */
 63static void *file_map;	/* pointer of the mapped file */
 64static void *file_end;	/* pointer to the end of the mapped file */
 65static int file_updated; /* flag to state file was changed */
 66static void *file_ptr;	/* current file pointer location */
 67static void *file_append; /* added to the end of the file */
 68static size_t file_append_size; /* how much is added to end of file */
 69
 70/* setjmp() return values */
 71enum {
 72	SJ_SETJMP = 0,  /* hardwired first return */
 73	SJ_FAIL,
 74	SJ_SUCCEED
 75};
 76
 77/* Per-file resource cleanup when multiple files. */
 78static void
 79cleanup(void)
 80{
 81	if (!mmap_failed)
 82		munmap(file_map, sb.st_size);
 83	else
 84		free(file_map);
 85	file_map = NULL;
 86	free(file_append);
 87	file_append = NULL;
 88	file_append_size = 0;
 89	file_updated = 0;
 90}
 91
 92static void __attribute__((noreturn))
 93fail_file(void)
 94{
 95	cleanup();
 96	longjmp(jmpenv, SJ_FAIL);
 97}
 98
 99static void __attribute__((noreturn))
100succeed_file(void)
101{
102	cleanup();
103	longjmp(jmpenv, SJ_SUCCEED);
104}
105
106/* ulseek, uread, ...:  Check return value for errors. */
107
108static off_t
109ulseek(int const fd, off_t const offset, int const whence)
110{
111	switch (whence) {
112	case SEEK_SET:
113		file_ptr = file_map + offset;
114		break;
115	case SEEK_CUR:
116		file_ptr += offset;
117		break;
118	case SEEK_END:
119		file_ptr = file_map + (sb.st_size - offset);
120		break;
121	}
122	if (file_ptr < file_map) {
123		fprintf(stderr, "lseek: seek before file\n");
124		fail_file();
125	}
126	return file_ptr - file_map;
127}
128
129static size_t
130uread(int const fd, void *const buf, size_t const count)
131{
132	size_t const n = read(fd, buf, count);
133	if (n != count) {
134		perror("read");
135		fail_file();
136	}
137	return n;
138}
139
140static size_t
141uwrite(int const fd, void const *const buf, size_t const count)
142{
143	size_t cnt = count;
144	off_t idx = 0;
145
146	file_updated = 1;
147
148	if (file_ptr + count >= file_end) {
149		off_t aoffset = (file_ptr + count) - file_end;
150
151		if (aoffset > file_append_size) {
152			file_append = realloc(file_append, aoffset);
153			file_append_size = aoffset;
154		}
155		if (!file_append) {
156			perror("write");
157			fail_file();
158		}
159		if (file_ptr < file_end) {
160			cnt = file_end - file_ptr;
161		} else {
162			cnt = 0;
163			idx = aoffset - count;
164		}
165	}
166
167	if (cnt)
168		memcpy(file_ptr, buf, cnt);
169
170	if (cnt < count)
171		memcpy(file_append + idx, buf + cnt, count - cnt);
172
173	file_ptr += count;
174	return count;
175}
176
177static void *
178umalloc(size_t size)
179{
180	void *const addr = malloc(size);
181	if (addr == 0) {
182		fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed: %zu bytes\n", size);
183		fail_file();
184	}
185	return addr;
186}
187
188static unsigned char ideal_nop5_x86_64[5] = { 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x44, 0x00, 0x00 };
189static unsigned char ideal_nop5_x86_32[5] = { 0x3e, 0x8d, 0x74, 0x26, 0x00 };
190static unsigned char *ideal_nop;
191
192static char rel_type_nop;
193
194static int (*make_nop)(void *map, size_t const offset);
195
196static int make_nop_x86(void *map, size_t const offset)
197{
198	uint32_t *ptr;
199	unsigned char *op;
200
201	/* Confirm we have 0xe8 0x0 0x0 0x0 0x0 */
202	ptr = map + offset;
203	if (*ptr != 0)
204		return -1;
205
206	op = map + offset - 1;
207	if (*op != 0xe8)
208		return -1;
209
210	/* convert to nop */
211	ulseek(fd_map, offset - 1, SEEK_SET);
212	uwrite(fd_map, ideal_nop, 5);
213	return 0;
214}
215
216static unsigned char ideal_nop4_arm_le[4] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0xa0, 0xe1 }; /* mov r0, r0 */
217static unsigned char ideal_nop4_arm_be[4] = { 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x00, 0x00 }; /* mov r0, r0 */
218static unsigned char *ideal_nop4_arm;
219
220static unsigned char bl_mcount_arm_le[4] = { 0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0xeb }; /* bl */
221static unsigned char bl_mcount_arm_be[4] = { 0xeb, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe }; /* bl */
222static unsigned char *bl_mcount_arm;
223
224static unsigned char push_arm_le[4] = { 0x04, 0xe0, 0x2d, 0xe5 }; /* push {lr} */
225static unsigned char push_arm_be[4] = { 0xe5, 0x2d, 0xe0, 0x04 }; /* push {lr} */
226static unsigned char *push_arm;
227
228static unsigned char ideal_nop2_thumb_le[2] = { 0x00, 0xbf }; /* nop */
229static unsigned char ideal_nop2_thumb_be[2] = { 0xbf, 0x00 }; /* nop */
230static unsigned char *ideal_nop2_thumb;
231
232static unsigned char push_bl_mcount_thumb_le[6] = { 0x00, 0xb5, 0xff, 0xf7, 0xfe, 0xff }; /* push {lr}, bl */
233static unsigned char push_bl_mcount_thumb_be[6] = { 0xb5, 0x00, 0xf7, 0xff, 0xff, 0xfe }; /* push {lr}, bl */
234static unsigned char *push_bl_mcount_thumb;
235
236static int make_nop_arm(void *map, size_t const offset)
237{
238	char *ptr;
239	int cnt = 1;
240	int nop_size;
241	size_t off = offset;
242
243	ptr = map + offset;
244	if (memcmp(ptr, bl_mcount_arm, 4) == 0) {
245		if (memcmp(ptr - 4, push_arm, 4) == 0) {
246			off -= 4;
247			cnt = 2;
248		}
249		ideal_nop = ideal_nop4_arm;
250		nop_size = 4;
251	} else if (memcmp(ptr - 2, push_bl_mcount_thumb, 6) == 0) {
252		cnt = 3;
253		nop_size = 2;
254		off -= 2;
255		ideal_nop = ideal_nop2_thumb;
256	} else
257		return -1;
258
259	/* Convert to nop */
260	ulseek(fd_map, off, SEEK_SET);
261
262	do {
263		uwrite(fd_map, ideal_nop, nop_size);
264	} while (--cnt > 0);
265
266	return 0;
267}
268
269static unsigned char ideal_nop4_arm64[4] = {0x1f, 0x20, 0x03, 0xd5};
270static int make_nop_arm64(void *map, size_t const offset)
271{
272	uint32_t *ptr;
273
274	ptr = map + offset;
275	/* bl <_mcount> is 0x94000000 before relocation */
276	if (*ptr != 0x94000000)
277		return -1;
278
279	/* Convert to nop */
280	ulseek(fd_map, offset, SEEK_SET);
281	uwrite(fd_map, ideal_nop, 4);
282	return 0;
283}
284
285/*
286 * Get the whole file as a programming convenience in order to avoid
287 * malloc+lseek+read+free of many pieces.  If successful, then mmap
288 * avoids copying unused pieces; else just read the whole file.
289 * Open for both read and write; new info will be appended to the file.
290 * Use MAP_PRIVATE so that a few changes to the in-memory ElfXX_Ehdr
291 * do not propagate to the file until an explicit overwrite at the last.
292 * This preserves most aspects of consistency (all except .st_size)
293 * for simultaneous readers of the file while we are appending to it.
294 * However, multiple writers still are bad.  We choose not to use
295 * locking because it is expensive and the use case of kernel build
296 * makes multiple writers unlikely.
297 */
298static void *mmap_file(char const *fname)
299{
300	fd_map = open(fname, O_RDONLY);
 
 
301	if (fd_map < 0 || fstat(fd_map, &sb) < 0) {
302		perror(fname);
303		fail_file();
304	}
305	if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) {
306		fprintf(stderr, "not a regular file: %s\n", fname);
307		fail_file();
308	}
309	file_map = mmap(0, sb.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE,
310			fd_map, 0);
311	mmap_failed = 0;
312	if (file_map == MAP_FAILED) {
313		mmap_failed = 1;
314		file_map = umalloc(sb.st_size);
315		uread(fd_map, file_map, sb.st_size);
316	}
317	close(fd_map);
318
319	file_end = file_map + sb.st_size;
320
321	return file_map;
322}
323
324static void write_file(const char *fname)
325{
326	char tmp_file[strlen(fname) + 4];
327	size_t n;
328
329	if (!file_updated)
330		return;
331
332	sprintf(tmp_file, "%s.rc", fname);
333
334	/*
335	 * After reading the entire file into memory, delete it
336	 * and write it back, to prevent weird side effects of modifying
337	 * an object file in place.
338	 */
339	fd_map = open(tmp_file, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, sb.st_mode);
340	if (fd_map < 0) {
341		perror(fname);
342		fail_file();
343	}
344	n = write(fd_map, file_map, sb.st_size);
345	if (n != sb.st_size) {
346		perror("write");
347		fail_file();
348	}
349	if (file_append_size) {
350		n = write(fd_map, file_append, file_append_size);
351		if (n != file_append_size) {
352			perror("write");
353			fail_file();
354		}
355	}
356	close(fd_map);
357	if (rename(tmp_file, fname) < 0) {
358		perror(fname);
359		fail_file();
360	}
 
361}
362
363/* w8rev, w8nat, ...: Handle endianness. */
364
365static uint64_t w8rev(uint64_t const x)
366{
367	return   ((0xff & (x >> (0 * 8))) << (7 * 8))
368	       | ((0xff & (x >> (1 * 8))) << (6 * 8))
369	       | ((0xff & (x >> (2 * 8))) << (5 * 8))
370	       | ((0xff & (x >> (3 * 8))) << (4 * 8))
371	       | ((0xff & (x >> (4 * 8))) << (3 * 8))
372	       | ((0xff & (x >> (5 * 8))) << (2 * 8))
373	       | ((0xff & (x >> (6 * 8))) << (1 * 8))
374	       | ((0xff & (x >> (7 * 8))) << (0 * 8));
375}
376
377static uint32_t w4rev(uint32_t const x)
378{
379	return   ((0xff & (x >> (0 * 8))) << (3 * 8))
380	       | ((0xff & (x >> (1 * 8))) << (2 * 8))
381	       | ((0xff & (x >> (2 * 8))) << (1 * 8))
382	       | ((0xff & (x >> (3 * 8))) << (0 * 8));
383}
384
385static uint32_t w2rev(uint16_t const x)
386{
387	return   ((0xff & (x >> (0 * 8))) << (1 * 8))
388	       | ((0xff & (x >> (1 * 8))) << (0 * 8));
389}
390
391static uint64_t w8nat(uint64_t const x)
392{
393	return x;
394}
395
396static uint32_t w4nat(uint32_t const x)
397{
398	return x;
399}
400
401static uint32_t w2nat(uint16_t const x)
402{
403	return x;
404}
405
406static uint64_t (*w8)(uint64_t);
407static uint32_t (*w)(uint32_t);
408static uint32_t (*w2)(uint16_t);
409
410/* Names of the sections that could contain calls to mcount. */
411static int
412is_mcounted_section_name(char const *const txtname)
413{
414	return strcmp(".text",           txtname) == 0 ||
415		strcmp(".ref.text",      txtname) == 0 ||
416		strcmp(".sched.text",    txtname) == 0 ||
417		strcmp(".spinlock.text", txtname) == 0 ||
418		strcmp(".irqentry.text", txtname) == 0 ||
419		strcmp(".softirqentry.text", txtname) == 0 ||
420		strcmp(".kprobes.text", txtname) == 0 ||
421		strcmp(".cpuidle.text", txtname) == 0 ||
422		strcmp(".text.unlikely", txtname) == 0;
423}
424
425/* 32 bit and 64 bit are very similar */
426#include "recordmcount.h"
427#define RECORD_MCOUNT_64
428#include "recordmcount.h"
429
430/* 64-bit EM_MIPS has weird ELF64_Rela.r_info.
431 * http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/manuals/4000/007-4658-001/pdf/007-4658-001.pdf
432 * We interpret Table 29 Relocation Operation (Elf64_Rel, Elf64_Rela) [p.40]
433 * to imply the order of the members; the spec does not say so.
434 *	typedef unsigned char Elf64_Byte;
435 * fails on MIPS64 because their <elf.h> already has it!
436 */
437
438typedef uint8_t myElf64_Byte;		/* Type for a 8-bit quantity.  */
439
440union mips_r_info {
441	Elf64_Xword r_info;
442	struct {
443		Elf64_Word r_sym;		/* Symbol index.  */
444		myElf64_Byte r_ssym;		/* Special symbol.  */
445		myElf64_Byte r_type3;		/* Third relocation.  */
446		myElf64_Byte r_type2;		/* Second relocation.  */
447		myElf64_Byte r_type;		/* First relocation.  */
448	} r_mips;
449};
450
451static uint64_t MIPS64_r_sym(Elf64_Rel const *rp)
452{
453	return w(((union mips_r_info){ .r_info = rp->r_info }).r_mips.r_sym);
454}
455
456static void MIPS64_r_info(Elf64_Rel *const rp, unsigned sym, unsigned type)
457{
458	rp->r_info = ((union mips_r_info){
459		.r_mips = { .r_sym = w(sym), .r_type = type }
460	}).r_info;
461}
462
463static void
464do_file(char const *const fname)
465{
466	Elf32_Ehdr *const ehdr = mmap_file(fname);
467	unsigned int reltype = 0;
468
 
469	w = w4nat;
470	w2 = w2nat;
471	w8 = w8nat;
472	switch (ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA]) {
473		static unsigned int const endian = 1;
474	default:
475		fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized ELF data encoding %d: %s\n",
476			ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA], fname);
477		fail_file();
478		break;
479	case ELFDATA2LSB:
480		if (*(unsigned char const *)&endian != 1) {
481			/* main() is big endian, file.o is little endian. */
482			w = w4rev;
483			w2 = w2rev;
484			w8 = w8rev;
485		}
486		ideal_nop4_arm = ideal_nop4_arm_le;
487		bl_mcount_arm = bl_mcount_arm_le;
488		push_arm = push_arm_le;
489		ideal_nop2_thumb = ideal_nop2_thumb_le;
490		push_bl_mcount_thumb = push_bl_mcount_thumb_le;
491		break;
492	case ELFDATA2MSB:
493		if (*(unsigned char const *)&endian != 0) {
494			/* main() is little endian, file.o is big endian. */
495			w = w4rev;
496			w2 = w2rev;
497			w8 = w8rev;
498		}
499		ideal_nop4_arm = ideal_nop4_arm_be;
500		bl_mcount_arm = bl_mcount_arm_be;
501		push_arm = push_arm_be;
502		ideal_nop2_thumb = ideal_nop2_thumb_be;
503		push_bl_mcount_thumb = push_bl_mcount_thumb_be;
504		break;
505	}  /* end switch */
506	if (memcmp(ELFMAG, ehdr->e_ident, SELFMAG) != 0
507	||  w2(ehdr->e_type) != ET_REL
508	||  ehdr->e_ident[EI_VERSION] != EV_CURRENT) {
509		fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized ET_REL file %s\n", fname);
510		fail_file();
511	}
512
513	gpfx = 0;
514	switch (w2(ehdr->e_machine)) {
515	default:
516		fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized e_machine %d %s\n",
517			w2(ehdr->e_machine), fname);
518		fail_file();
519		break;
520	case EM_386:
521		reltype = R_386_32;
522		rel_type_nop = R_386_NONE;
523		make_nop = make_nop_x86;
524		ideal_nop = ideal_nop5_x86_32;
525		mcount_adjust_32 = -1;
526		break;
527	case EM_ARM:	 reltype = R_ARM_ABS32;
528			 altmcount = "__gnu_mcount_nc";
529			 make_nop = make_nop_arm;
530			 rel_type_nop = R_ARM_NONE;
531			 break;
532	case EM_AARCH64:
533			reltype = R_AARCH64_ABS64;
534			make_nop = make_nop_arm64;
535			rel_type_nop = R_AARCH64_NONE;
536			ideal_nop = ideal_nop4_arm64;
537			gpfx = '_';
538			break;
539	case EM_IA_64:	 reltype = R_IA64_IMM64;   gpfx = '_'; break;
540	case EM_METAG:	 reltype = R_METAG_ADDR32;
541			 altmcount = "_mcount_wrapper";
542			 rel_type_nop = R_METAG_NONE;
543			 /* We happen to have the same requirement as MIPS */
544			 is_fake_mcount32 = MIPS32_is_fake_mcount;
545			 break;
546	case EM_MIPS:	 /* reltype: e_class    */ gpfx = '_'; break;
547	case EM_PPC:	 reltype = R_PPC_ADDR32;   gpfx = '_'; break;
548	case EM_PPC64:	 reltype = R_PPC64_ADDR64; gpfx = '_'; break;
549	case EM_S390:    /* reltype: e_class    */ gpfx = '_'; break;
550	case EM_SH:	 reltype = R_SH_DIR32;                 break;
551	case EM_SPARCV9: reltype = R_SPARC_64;     gpfx = '_'; break;
552	case EM_X86_64:
553		make_nop = make_nop_x86;
554		ideal_nop = ideal_nop5_x86_64;
555		reltype = R_X86_64_64;
556		rel_type_nop = R_X86_64_NONE;
557		mcount_adjust_64 = -1;
558		break;
559	}  /* end switch */
560
561	switch (ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS]) {
562	default:
563		fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized ELF class %d %s\n",
564			ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS], fname);
565		fail_file();
566		break;
567	case ELFCLASS32:
568		if (w2(ehdr->e_ehsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr)
569		||  w2(ehdr->e_shentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Shdr)) {
570			fprintf(stderr,
571				"unrecognized ET_REL file: %s\n", fname);
572			fail_file();
573		}
 
 
 
 
574		if (w2(ehdr->e_machine) == EM_MIPS) {
575			reltype = R_MIPS_32;
576			is_fake_mcount32 = MIPS32_is_fake_mcount;
577		}
578		do32(ehdr, fname, reltype);
579		break;
580	case ELFCLASS64: {
581		Elf64_Ehdr *const ghdr = (Elf64_Ehdr *)ehdr;
582		if (w2(ghdr->e_ehsize) != sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr)
583		||  w2(ghdr->e_shentsize) != sizeof(Elf64_Shdr)) {
584			fprintf(stderr,
585				"unrecognized ET_REL file: %s\n", fname);
586			fail_file();
587		}
588		if (w2(ghdr->e_machine) == EM_S390) {
589			reltype = R_390_64;
590			mcount_adjust_64 = -14;
591		}
592		if (w2(ghdr->e_machine) == EM_MIPS) {
593			reltype = R_MIPS_64;
594			Elf64_r_sym = MIPS64_r_sym;
595			Elf64_r_info = MIPS64_r_info;
596			is_fake_mcount64 = MIPS64_is_fake_mcount;
597		}
598		do64(ghdr, fname, reltype);
599		break;
600	}
601	}  /* end switch */
602
603	write_file(fname);
604	cleanup();
605}
606
607int
608main(int argc, char *argv[])
609{
610	const char ftrace[] = "/ftrace.o";
611	int ftrace_size = sizeof(ftrace) - 1;
612	int n_error = 0;  /* gcc-4.3.0 false positive complaint */
613	int c;
614	int i;
615
616	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "w")) >= 0) {
617		switch (c) {
618		case 'w':
619			warn_on_notrace_sect = 1;
620			break;
621		default:
622			fprintf(stderr, "usage: recordmcount [-w] file.o...\n");
623			return 0;
624		}
625	}
626
627	if ((argc - optind) < 1) {
628		fprintf(stderr, "usage: recordmcount [-w] file.o...\n");
629		return 0;
630	}
631
632	/* Process each file in turn, allowing deep failure. */
633	for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
634		char *file = argv[i];
635		int const sjval = setjmp(jmpenv);
636		int len;
637
638		/*
639		 * The file kernel/trace/ftrace.o references the mcount
640		 * function but does not call it. Since ftrace.o should
641		 * not be traced anyway, we just skip it.
642		 */
643		len = strlen(file);
644		if (len >= ftrace_size &&
645		    strcmp(file + (len - ftrace_size), ftrace) == 0)
646			continue;
647
648		switch (sjval) {
649		default:
650			fprintf(stderr, "internal error: %s\n", file);
651			exit(1);
652			break;
653		case SJ_SETJMP:    /* normal sequence */
654			/* Avoid problems if early cleanup() */
655			fd_map = -1;
 
656			mmap_failed = 1;
657			file_map = NULL;
658			file_ptr = NULL;
659			file_updated = 0;
660			do_file(file);
661			break;
662		case SJ_FAIL:    /* error in do_file or below */
663			fprintf(stderr, "%s: failed\n", file);
664			++n_error;
665			break;
666		case SJ_SUCCEED:    /* premature success */
667			/* do nothing */
668			break;
669		}  /* end switch */
670	}
671	return !!n_error;
672}
v3.1
  1/*
  2 * recordmcount.c: construct a table of the locations of calls to 'mcount'
  3 * so that ftrace can find them quickly.
  4 * Copyright 2009 John F. Reiser <jreiser@BitWagon.com>.  All rights reserved.
  5 * Licensed under the GNU General Public License, version 2 (GPLv2).
  6 *
  7 * Restructured to fit Linux format, as well as other updates:
  8 *  Copyright 2010 Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>, Red Hat Inc.
  9 */
 10
 11/*
 12 * Strategy: alter the .o file in-place.
 13 *
 14 * Append a new STRTAB that has the new section names, followed by a new array
 15 * ElfXX_Shdr[] that has the new section headers, followed by the section
 16 * contents for __mcount_loc and its relocations.  The old shstrtab strings,
 17 * and the old ElfXX_Shdr[] array, remain as "garbage" (commonly, a couple
 18 * kilobytes.)  Subsequent processing by /bin/ld (or the kernel module loader)
 19 * will ignore the garbage regions, because they are not designated by the
 20 * new .e_shoff nor the new ElfXX_Shdr[].  [In order to remove the garbage,
 21 * then use "ld -r" to create a new file that omits the garbage.]
 22 */
 23
 24#include <sys/types.h>
 25#include <sys/mman.h>
 26#include <sys/stat.h>
 27#include <getopt.h>
 28#include <elf.h>
 29#include <fcntl.h>
 30#include <setjmp.h>
 31#include <stdio.h>
 32#include <stdlib.h>
 33#include <string.h>
 34#include <unistd.h>
 35
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 36static int fd_map;	/* File descriptor for file being modified. */
 37static int mmap_failed; /* Boolean flag. */
 38static void *ehdr_curr; /* current ElfXX_Ehdr *  for resource cleanup */
 39static char gpfx;	/* prefix for global symbol name (sometimes '_') */
 40static struct stat sb;	/* Remember .st_size, etc. */
 41static jmp_buf jmpenv;	/* setjmp/longjmp per-file error escape */
 42static const char *altmcount;	/* alternate mcount symbol name */
 43static int warn_on_notrace_sect; /* warn when section has mcount not being recorded */
 
 
 
 
 
 
 44
 45/* setjmp() return values */
 46enum {
 47	SJ_SETJMP = 0,  /* hardwired first return */
 48	SJ_FAIL,
 49	SJ_SUCCEED
 50};
 51
 52/* Per-file resource cleanup when multiple files. */
 53static void
 54cleanup(void)
 55{
 56	if (!mmap_failed)
 57		munmap(ehdr_curr, sb.st_size);
 58	else
 59		free(ehdr_curr);
 60	close(fd_map);
 
 
 
 
 61}
 62
 63static void __attribute__((noreturn))
 64fail_file(void)
 65{
 66	cleanup();
 67	longjmp(jmpenv, SJ_FAIL);
 68}
 69
 70static void __attribute__((noreturn))
 71succeed_file(void)
 72{
 73	cleanup();
 74	longjmp(jmpenv, SJ_SUCCEED);
 75}
 76
 77/* ulseek, uread, ...:  Check return value for errors. */
 78
 79static off_t
 80ulseek(int const fd, off_t const offset, int const whence)
 81{
 82	off_t const w = lseek(fd, offset, whence);
 83	if (w == (off_t)-1) {
 84		perror("lseek");
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 85		fail_file();
 86	}
 87	return w;
 88}
 89
 90static size_t
 91uread(int const fd, void *const buf, size_t const count)
 92{
 93	size_t const n = read(fd, buf, count);
 94	if (n != count) {
 95		perror("read");
 96		fail_file();
 97	}
 98	return n;
 99}
100
101static size_t
102uwrite(int const fd, void const *const buf, size_t const count)
103{
104	size_t const n = write(fd, buf, count);
105	if (n != count) {
106		perror("write");
107		fail_file();
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
108	}
109	return n;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
110}
111
112static void *
113umalloc(size_t size)
114{
115	void *const addr = malloc(size);
116	if (addr == 0) {
117		fprintf(stderr, "malloc failed: %zu bytes\n", size);
118		fail_file();
119	}
120	return addr;
121}
122
123static unsigned char ideal_nop5_x86_64[5] = { 0x0f, 0x1f, 0x44, 0x00, 0x00 };
124static unsigned char ideal_nop5_x86_32[5] = { 0x3e, 0x8d, 0x74, 0x26, 0x00 };
125static unsigned char *ideal_nop;
126
127static char rel_type_nop;
128
129static int (*make_nop)(void *map, size_t const offset);
130
131static int make_nop_x86(void *map, size_t const offset)
132{
133	uint32_t *ptr;
134	unsigned char *op;
135
136	/* Confirm we have 0xe8 0x0 0x0 0x0 0x0 */
137	ptr = map + offset;
138	if (*ptr != 0)
139		return -1;
140
141	op = map + offset - 1;
142	if (*op != 0xe8)
143		return -1;
144
145	/* convert to nop */
146	ulseek(fd_map, offset - 1, SEEK_SET);
147	uwrite(fd_map, ideal_nop, 5);
148	return 0;
149}
150
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
151/*
152 * Get the whole file as a programming convenience in order to avoid
153 * malloc+lseek+read+free of many pieces.  If successful, then mmap
154 * avoids copying unused pieces; else just read the whole file.
155 * Open for both read and write; new info will be appended to the file.
156 * Use MAP_PRIVATE so that a few changes to the in-memory ElfXX_Ehdr
157 * do not propagate to the file until an explicit overwrite at the last.
158 * This preserves most aspects of consistency (all except .st_size)
159 * for simultaneous readers of the file while we are appending to it.
160 * However, multiple writers still are bad.  We choose not to use
161 * locking because it is expensive and the use case of kernel build
162 * makes multiple writers unlikely.
163 */
164static void *mmap_file(char const *fname)
165{
166	void *addr;
167
168	fd_map = open(fname, O_RDWR);
169	if (fd_map < 0 || fstat(fd_map, &sb) < 0) {
170		perror(fname);
171		fail_file();
172	}
173	if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode)) {
174		fprintf(stderr, "not a regular file: %s\n", fname);
175		fail_file();
176	}
177	addr = mmap(0, sb.st_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE,
178		    fd_map, 0);
179	mmap_failed = 0;
180	if (addr == MAP_FAILED) {
181		mmap_failed = 1;
182		addr = umalloc(sb.st_size);
183		uread(fd_map, addr, sb.st_size);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
184	}
185	return addr;
186}
187
188/* w8rev, w8nat, ...: Handle endianness. */
189
190static uint64_t w8rev(uint64_t const x)
191{
192	return   ((0xff & (x >> (0 * 8))) << (7 * 8))
193	       | ((0xff & (x >> (1 * 8))) << (6 * 8))
194	       | ((0xff & (x >> (2 * 8))) << (5 * 8))
195	       | ((0xff & (x >> (3 * 8))) << (4 * 8))
196	       | ((0xff & (x >> (4 * 8))) << (3 * 8))
197	       | ((0xff & (x >> (5 * 8))) << (2 * 8))
198	       | ((0xff & (x >> (6 * 8))) << (1 * 8))
199	       | ((0xff & (x >> (7 * 8))) << (0 * 8));
200}
201
202static uint32_t w4rev(uint32_t const x)
203{
204	return   ((0xff & (x >> (0 * 8))) << (3 * 8))
205	       | ((0xff & (x >> (1 * 8))) << (2 * 8))
206	       | ((0xff & (x >> (2 * 8))) << (1 * 8))
207	       | ((0xff & (x >> (3 * 8))) << (0 * 8));
208}
209
210static uint32_t w2rev(uint16_t const x)
211{
212	return   ((0xff & (x >> (0 * 8))) << (1 * 8))
213	       | ((0xff & (x >> (1 * 8))) << (0 * 8));
214}
215
216static uint64_t w8nat(uint64_t const x)
217{
218	return x;
219}
220
221static uint32_t w4nat(uint32_t const x)
222{
223	return x;
224}
225
226static uint32_t w2nat(uint16_t const x)
227{
228	return x;
229}
230
231static uint64_t (*w8)(uint64_t);
232static uint32_t (*w)(uint32_t);
233static uint32_t (*w2)(uint16_t);
234
235/* Names of the sections that could contain calls to mcount. */
236static int
237is_mcounted_section_name(char const *const txtname)
238{
239	return strcmp(".text",           txtname) == 0 ||
240		strcmp(".ref.text",      txtname) == 0 ||
241		strcmp(".sched.text",    txtname) == 0 ||
242		strcmp(".spinlock.text", txtname) == 0 ||
243		strcmp(".irqentry.text", txtname) == 0 ||
 
244		strcmp(".kprobes.text", txtname) == 0 ||
 
245		strcmp(".text.unlikely", txtname) == 0;
246}
247
248/* 32 bit and 64 bit are very similar */
249#include "recordmcount.h"
250#define RECORD_MCOUNT_64
251#include "recordmcount.h"
252
253/* 64-bit EM_MIPS has weird ELF64_Rela.r_info.
254 * http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/manuals/4000/007-4658-001/pdf/007-4658-001.pdf
255 * We interpret Table 29 Relocation Operation (Elf64_Rel, Elf64_Rela) [p.40]
256 * to imply the order of the members; the spec does not say so.
257 *	typedef unsigned char Elf64_Byte;
258 * fails on MIPS64 because their <elf.h> already has it!
259 */
260
261typedef uint8_t myElf64_Byte;		/* Type for a 8-bit quantity.  */
262
263union mips_r_info {
264	Elf64_Xword r_info;
265	struct {
266		Elf64_Word r_sym;		/* Symbol index.  */
267		myElf64_Byte r_ssym;		/* Special symbol.  */
268		myElf64_Byte r_type3;		/* Third relocation.  */
269		myElf64_Byte r_type2;		/* Second relocation.  */
270		myElf64_Byte r_type;		/* First relocation.  */
271	} r_mips;
272};
273
274static uint64_t MIPS64_r_sym(Elf64_Rel const *rp)
275{
276	return w(((union mips_r_info){ .r_info = rp->r_info }).r_mips.r_sym);
277}
278
279static void MIPS64_r_info(Elf64_Rel *const rp, unsigned sym, unsigned type)
280{
281	rp->r_info = ((union mips_r_info){
282		.r_mips = { .r_sym = w(sym), .r_type = type }
283	}).r_info;
284}
285
286static void
287do_file(char const *const fname)
288{
289	Elf32_Ehdr *const ehdr = mmap_file(fname);
290	unsigned int reltype = 0;
291
292	ehdr_curr = ehdr;
293	w = w4nat;
294	w2 = w2nat;
295	w8 = w8nat;
296	switch (ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA]) {
297		static unsigned int const endian = 1;
298	default:
299		fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized ELF data encoding %d: %s\n",
300			ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA], fname);
301		fail_file();
302		break;
303	case ELFDATA2LSB:
304		if (*(unsigned char const *)&endian != 1) {
305			/* main() is big endian, file.o is little endian. */
306			w = w4rev;
307			w2 = w2rev;
308			w8 = w8rev;
309		}
 
 
 
 
 
310		break;
311	case ELFDATA2MSB:
312		if (*(unsigned char const *)&endian != 0) {
313			/* main() is little endian, file.o is big endian. */
314			w = w4rev;
315			w2 = w2rev;
316			w8 = w8rev;
317		}
 
 
 
 
 
318		break;
319	}  /* end switch */
320	if (memcmp(ELFMAG, ehdr->e_ident, SELFMAG) != 0
321	||  w2(ehdr->e_type) != ET_REL
322	||  ehdr->e_ident[EI_VERSION] != EV_CURRENT) {
323		fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized ET_REL file %s\n", fname);
324		fail_file();
325	}
326
327	gpfx = 0;
328	switch (w2(ehdr->e_machine)) {
329	default:
330		fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized e_machine %d %s\n",
331			w2(ehdr->e_machine), fname);
332		fail_file();
333		break;
334	case EM_386:
335		reltype = R_386_32;
 
336		make_nop = make_nop_x86;
337		ideal_nop = ideal_nop5_x86_32;
338		mcount_adjust_32 = -1;
339		break;
340	case EM_ARM:	 reltype = R_ARM_ABS32;
341			 altmcount = "__gnu_mcount_nc";
 
 
342			 break;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
343	case EM_IA_64:	 reltype = R_IA64_IMM64;   gpfx = '_'; break;
 
 
 
 
 
 
344	case EM_MIPS:	 /* reltype: e_class    */ gpfx = '_'; break;
345	case EM_PPC:	 reltype = R_PPC_ADDR32;   gpfx = '_'; break;
346	case EM_PPC64:	 reltype = R_PPC64_ADDR64; gpfx = '_'; break;
347	case EM_S390:    /* reltype: e_class    */ gpfx = '_'; break;
348	case EM_SH:	 reltype = R_SH_DIR32;                 break;
349	case EM_SPARCV9: reltype = R_SPARC_64;     gpfx = '_'; break;
350	case EM_X86_64:
351		make_nop = make_nop_x86;
352		ideal_nop = ideal_nop5_x86_64;
353		reltype = R_X86_64_64;
 
354		mcount_adjust_64 = -1;
355		break;
356	}  /* end switch */
357
358	switch (ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS]) {
359	default:
360		fprintf(stderr, "unrecognized ELF class %d %s\n",
361			ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS], fname);
362		fail_file();
363		break;
364	case ELFCLASS32:
365		if (w2(ehdr->e_ehsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Ehdr)
366		||  w2(ehdr->e_shentsize) != sizeof(Elf32_Shdr)) {
367			fprintf(stderr,
368				"unrecognized ET_REL file: %s\n", fname);
369			fail_file();
370		}
371		if (w2(ehdr->e_machine) == EM_S390) {
372			reltype = R_390_32;
373			mcount_adjust_32 = -4;
374		}
375		if (w2(ehdr->e_machine) == EM_MIPS) {
376			reltype = R_MIPS_32;
377			is_fake_mcount32 = MIPS32_is_fake_mcount;
378		}
379		do32(ehdr, fname, reltype);
380		break;
381	case ELFCLASS64: {
382		Elf64_Ehdr *const ghdr = (Elf64_Ehdr *)ehdr;
383		if (w2(ghdr->e_ehsize) != sizeof(Elf64_Ehdr)
384		||  w2(ghdr->e_shentsize) != sizeof(Elf64_Shdr)) {
385			fprintf(stderr,
386				"unrecognized ET_REL file: %s\n", fname);
387			fail_file();
388		}
389		if (w2(ghdr->e_machine) == EM_S390) {
390			reltype = R_390_64;
391			mcount_adjust_64 = -8;
392		}
393		if (w2(ghdr->e_machine) == EM_MIPS) {
394			reltype = R_MIPS_64;
395			Elf64_r_sym = MIPS64_r_sym;
396			Elf64_r_info = MIPS64_r_info;
397			is_fake_mcount64 = MIPS64_is_fake_mcount;
398		}
399		do64(ghdr, fname, reltype);
400		break;
401	}
402	}  /* end switch */
403
 
404	cleanup();
405}
406
407int
408main(int argc, char *argv[])
409{
410	const char ftrace[] = "/ftrace.o";
411	int ftrace_size = sizeof(ftrace) - 1;
412	int n_error = 0;  /* gcc-4.3.0 false positive complaint */
413	int c;
414	int i;
415
416	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "w")) >= 0) {
417		switch (c) {
418		case 'w':
419			warn_on_notrace_sect = 1;
420			break;
421		default:
422			fprintf(stderr, "usage: recordmcount [-w] file.o...\n");
423			return 0;
424		}
425	}
426
427	if ((argc - optind) < 1) {
428		fprintf(stderr, "usage: recordmcount [-w] file.o...\n");
429		return 0;
430	}
431
432	/* Process each file in turn, allowing deep failure. */
433	for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
434		char *file = argv[i];
435		int const sjval = setjmp(jmpenv);
436		int len;
437
438		/*
439		 * The file kernel/trace/ftrace.o references the mcount
440		 * function but does not call it. Since ftrace.o should
441		 * not be traced anyway, we just skip it.
442		 */
443		len = strlen(file);
444		if (len >= ftrace_size &&
445		    strcmp(file + (len - ftrace_size), ftrace) == 0)
446			continue;
447
448		switch (sjval) {
449		default:
450			fprintf(stderr, "internal error: %s\n", file);
451			exit(1);
452			break;
453		case SJ_SETJMP:    /* normal sequence */
454			/* Avoid problems if early cleanup() */
455			fd_map = -1;
456			ehdr_curr = NULL;
457			mmap_failed = 1;
 
 
 
458			do_file(file);
459			break;
460		case SJ_FAIL:    /* error in do_file or below */
 
461			++n_error;
462			break;
463		case SJ_SUCCEED:    /* premature success */
464			/* do nothing */
465			break;
466		}  /* end switch */
467	}
468	return !!n_error;
469}
470
471