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1/*
2 lru_cache.c
3
4 This file is part of DRBD by Philipp Reisner and Lars Ellenberg.
5
6 Copyright (C) 2003-2008, LINBIT Information Technologies GmbH.
7 Copyright (C) 2003-2008, Philipp Reisner <philipp.reisner@linbit.com>.
8 Copyright (C) 2003-2008, Lars Ellenberg <lars.ellenberg@linbit.com>.
9
10 drbd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
11 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
12 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
13 any later version.
14
15 drbd is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
16 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
17 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
18 GNU General Public License for more details.
19
20 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 along with drbd; see the file COPYING. If not, write to
22 the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
23
24 */
25
26#include <linux/module.h>
27#include <linux/bitops.h>
28#include <linux/slab.h>
29#include <linux/string.h> /* for memset */
30#include <linux/seq_file.h> /* for seq_printf */
31#include <linux/lru_cache.h>
32
33MODULE_AUTHOR("Philipp Reisner <phil@linbit.com>, "
34 "Lars Ellenberg <lars@linbit.com>");
35MODULE_DESCRIPTION("lru_cache - Track sets of hot objects");
36MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
37
38/* this is developers aid only.
39 * it catches concurrent access (lack of locking on the users part) */
40#define PARANOIA_ENTRY() do { \
41 BUG_ON(!lc); \
42 BUG_ON(!lc->nr_elements); \
43 BUG_ON(test_and_set_bit(__LC_PARANOIA, &lc->flags)); \
44} while (0)
45
46#define RETURN(x...) do { \
47 clear_bit(__LC_PARANOIA, &lc->flags); \
48 smp_mb__after_clear_bit(); return x ; } while (0)
49
50/* BUG() if e is not one of the elements tracked by lc */
51#define PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e) do { \
52 struct lru_cache *lc_ = (lc); \
53 struct lc_element *e_ = (e); \
54 unsigned i = e_->lc_index; \
55 BUG_ON(i >= lc_->nr_elements); \
56 BUG_ON(lc_->lc_element[i] != e_); } while (0)
57
58/**
59 * lc_create - prepares to track objects in an active set
60 * @name: descriptive name only used in lc_seq_printf_stats and lc_seq_dump_details
61 * @e_count: number of elements allowed to be active simultaneously
62 * @e_size: size of the tracked objects
63 * @e_off: offset to the &struct lc_element member in a tracked object
64 *
65 * Returns a pointer to a newly initialized struct lru_cache on success,
66 * or NULL on (allocation) failure.
67 */
68struct lru_cache *lc_create(const char *name, struct kmem_cache *cache,
69 unsigned e_count, size_t e_size, size_t e_off)
70{
71 struct hlist_head *slot = NULL;
72 struct lc_element **element = NULL;
73 struct lru_cache *lc;
74 struct lc_element *e;
75 unsigned cache_obj_size = kmem_cache_size(cache);
76 unsigned i;
77
78 WARN_ON(cache_obj_size < e_size);
79 if (cache_obj_size < e_size)
80 return NULL;
81
82 /* e_count too big; would probably fail the allocation below anyways.
83 * for typical use cases, e_count should be few thousand at most. */
84 if (e_count > LC_MAX_ACTIVE)
85 return NULL;
86
87 slot = kcalloc(e_count, sizeof(struct hlist_head), GFP_KERNEL);
88 if (!slot)
89 goto out_fail;
90 element = kzalloc(e_count * sizeof(struct lc_element *), GFP_KERNEL);
91 if (!element)
92 goto out_fail;
93
94 lc = kzalloc(sizeof(*lc), GFP_KERNEL);
95 if (!lc)
96 goto out_fail;
97
98 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->in_use);
99 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->lru);
100 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->free);
101
102 lc->name = name;
103 lc->element_size = e_size;
104 lc->element_off = e_off;
105 lc->nr_elements = e_count;
106 lc->new_number = LC_FREE;
107 lc->lc_cache = cache;
108 lc->lc_element = element;
109 lc->lc_slot = slot;
110
111 /* preallocate all objects */
112 for (i = 0; i < e_count; i++) {
113 void *p = kmem_cache_alloc(cache, GFP_KERNEL);
114 if (!p)
115 break;
116 memset(p, 0, lc->element_size);
117 e = p + e_off;
118 e->lc_index = i;
119 e->lc_number = LC_FREE;
120 list_add(&e->list, &lc->free);
121 element[i] = e;
122 }
123 if (i == e_count)
124 return lc;
125
126 /* else: could not allocate all elements, give up */
127 for (i--; i; i--) {
128 void *p = element[i];
129 kmem_cache_free(cache, p - e_off);
130 }
131 kfree(lc);
132out_fail:
133 kfree(element);
134 kfree(slot);
135 return NULL;
136}
137
138void lc_free_by_index(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned i)
139{
140 void *p = lc->lc_element[i];
141 WARN_ON(!p);
142 if (p) {
143 p -= lc->element_off;
144 kmem_cache_free(lc->lc_cache, p);
145 }
146}
147
148/**
149 * lc_destroy - frees memory allocated by lc_create()
150 * @lc: the lru cache to destroy
151 */
152void lc_destroy(struct lru_cache *lc)
153{
154 unsigned i;
155 if (!lc)
156 return;
157 for (i = 0; i < lc->nr_elements; i++)
158 lc_free_by_index(lc, i);
159 kfree(lc->lc_element);
160 kfree(lc->lc_slot);
161 kfree(lc);
162}
163
164/**
165 * lc_reset - does a full reset for @lc and the hash table slots.
166 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
167 *
168 * It is roughly the equivalent of re-allocating a fresh lru_cache object,
169 * basically a short cut to lc_destroy(lc); lc = lc_create(...);
170 */
171void lc_reset(struct lru_cache *lc)
172{
173 unsigned i;
174
175 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->in_use);
176 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->lru);
177 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->free);
178 lc->used = 0;
179 lc->hits = 0;
180 lc->misses = 0;
181 lc->starving = 0;
182 lc->dirty = 0;
183 lc->changed = 0;
184 lc->flags = 0;
185 lc->changing_element = NULL;
186 lc->new_number = LC_FREE;
187 memset(lc->lc_slot, 0, sizeof(struct hlist_head) * lc->nr_elements);
188
189 for (i = 0; i < lc->nr_elements; i++) {
190 struct lc_element *e = lc->lc_element[i];
191 void *p = e;
192 p -= lc->element_off;
193 memset(p, 0, lc->element_size);
194 /* re-init it */
195 e->lc_index = i;
196 e->lc_number = LC_FREE;
197 list_add(&e->list, &lc->free);
198 }
199}
200
201/**
202 * lc_seq_printf_stats - print stats about @lc into @seq
203 * @seq: the seq_file to print into
204 * @lc: the lru cache to print statistics of
205 */
206size_t lc_seq_printf_stats(struct seq_file *seq, struct lru_cache *lc)
207{
208 /* NOTE:
209 * total calls to lc_get are
210 * (starving + hits + misses)
211 * misses include "dirty" count (update from an other thread in
212 * progress) and "changed", when this in fact lead to an successful
213 * update of the cache.
214 */
215 return seq_printf(seq, "\t%s: used:%u/%u "
216 "hits:%lu misses:%lu starving:%lu dirty:%lu changed:%lu\n",
217 lc->name, lc->used, lc->nr_elements,
218 lc->hits, lc->misses, lc->starving, lc->dirty, lc->changed);
219}
220
221static struct hlist_head *lc_hash_slot(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
222{
223 return lc->lc_slot + (enr % lc->nr_elements);
224}
225
226
227/**
228 * lc_find - find element by label, if present in the hash table
229 * @lc: The lru_cache object
230 * @enr: element number
231 *
232 * Returns the pointer to an element, if the element with the requested
233 * "label" or element number is present in the hash table,
234 * or NULL if not found. Does not change the refcnt.
235 */
236struct lc_element *lc_find(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
237{
238 struct hlist_node *n;
239 struct lc_element *e;
240
241 BUG_ON(!lc);
242 BUG_ON(!lc->nr_elements);
243 hlist_for_each_entry(e, n, lc_hash_slot(lc, enr), colision) {
244 if (e->lc_number == enr)
245 return e;
246 }
247 return NULL;
248}
249
250/* returned element will be "recycled" immediately */
251static struct lc_element *lc_evict(struct lru_cache *lc)
252{
253 struct list_head *n;
254 struct lc_element *e;
255
256 if (list_empty(&lc->lru))
257 return NULL;
258
259 n = lc->lru.prev;
260 e = list_entry(n, struct lc_element, list);
261
262 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
263
264 list_del(&e->list);
265 hlist_del(&e->colision);
266 return e;
267}
268
269/**
270 * lc_del - removes an element from the cache
271 * @lc: The lru_cache object
272 * @e: The element to remove
273 *
274 * @e must be unused (refcnt == 0). Moves @e from "lru" to "free" list,
275 * sets @e->enr to %LC_FREE.
276 */
277void lc_del(struct lru_cache *lc, struct lc_element *e)
278{
279 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
280 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
281 BUG_ON(e->refcnt);
282
283 e->lc_number = LC_FREE;
284 hlist_del_init(&e->colision);
285 list_move(&e->list, &lc->free);
286 RETURN();
287}
288
289static struct lc_element *lc_get_unused_element(struct lru_cache *lc)
290{
291 struct list_head *n;
292
293 if (list_empty(&lc->free))
294 return lc_evict(lc);
295
296 n = lc->free.next;
297 list_del(n);
298 return list_entry(n, struct lc_element, list);
299}
300
301static int lc_unused_element_available(struct lru_cache *lc)
302{
303 if (!list_empty(&lc->free))
304 return 1; /* something on the free list */
305 if (!list_empty(&lc->lru))
306 return 1; /* something to evict */
307
308 return 0;
309}
310
311
312/**
313 * lc_get - get element by label, maybe change the active set
314 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
315 * @enr: the label to look up
316 *
317 * Finds an element in the cache, increases its usage count,
318 * "touches" and returns it.
319 *
320 * In case the requested number is not present, it needs to be added to the
321 * cache. Therefore it is possible that an other element becomes evicted from
322 * the cache. In either case, the user is notified so he is able to e.g. keep
323 * a persistent log of the cache changes, and therefore the objects in use.
324 *
325 * Return values:
326 * NULL
327 * The cache was marked %LC_STARVING,
328 * or the requested label was not in the active set
329 * and a changing transaction is still pending (@lc was marked %LC_DIRTY).
330 * Or no unused or free element could be recycled (@lc will be marked as
331 * %LC_STARVING, blocking further lc_get() operations).
332 *
333 * pointer to the element with the REQUESTED element number.
334 * In this case, it can be used right away
335 *
336 * pointer to an UNUSED element with some different element number,
337 * where that different number may also be %LC_FREE.
338 *
339 * In this case, the cache is marked %LC_DIRTY (blocking further changes),
340 * and the returned element pointer is removed from the lru list and
341 * hash collision chains. The user now should do whatever housekeeping
342 * is necessary.
343 * Then he must call lc_changed(lc,element_pointer), to finish
344 * the change.
345 *
346 * NOTE: The user needs to check the lc_number on EACH use, so he recognizes
347 * any cache set change.
348 */
349struct lc_element *lc_get(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
350{
351 struct lc_element *e;
352
353 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
354 if (lc->flags & LC_STARVING) {
355 ++lc->starving;
356 RETURN(NULL);
357 }
358
359 e = lc_find(lc, enr);
360 if (e) {
361 ++lc->hits;
362 if (e->refcnt++ == 0)
363 lc->used++;
364 list_move(&e->list, &lc->in_use); /* Not evictable... */
365 RETURN(e);
366 }
367
368 ++lc->misses;
369
370 /* In case there is nothing available and we can not kick out
371 * the LRU element, we have to wait ...
372 */
373 if (!lc_unused_element_available(lc)) {
374 __set_bit(__LC_STARVING, &lc->flags);
375 RETURN(NULL);
376 }
377
378 /* it was not present in the active set.
379 * we are going to recycle an unused (or even "free") element.
380 * user may need to commit a transaction to record that change.
381 * we serialize on flags & TF_DIRTY */
382 if (test_and_set_bit(__LC_DIRTY, &lc->flags)) {
383 ++lc->dirty;
384 RETURN(NULL);
385 }
386
387 e = lc_get_unused_element(lc);
388 BUG_ON(!e);
389
390 clear_bit(__LC_STARVING, &lc->flags);
391 BUG_ON(++e->refcnt != 1);
392 lc->used++;
393
394 lc->changing_element = e;
395 lc->new_number = enr;
396
397 RETURN(e);
398}
399
400/* similar to lc_get,
401 * but only gets a new reference on an existing element.
402 * you either get the requested element, or NULL.
403 * will be consolidated into one function.
404 */
405struct lc_element *lc_try_get(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
406{
407 struct lc_element *e;
408
409 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
410 if (lc->flags & LC_STARVING) {
411 ++lc->starving;
412 RETURN(NULL);
413 }
414
415 e = lc_find(lc, enr);
416 if (e) {
417 ++lc->hits;
418 if (e->refcnt++ == 0)
419 lc->used++;
420 list_move(&e->list, &lc->in_use); /* Not evictable... */
421 }
422 RETURN(e);
423}
424
425/**
426 * lc_changed - tell @lc that the change has been recorded
427 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
428 * @e: the element pending label change
429 */
430void lc_changed(struct lru_cache *lc, struct lc_element *e)
431{
432 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
433 BUG_ON(e != lc->changing_element);
434 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
435 ++lc->changed;
436 e->lc_number = lc->new_number;
437 list_add(&e->list, &lc->in_use);
438 hlist_add_head(&e->colision, lc_hash_slot(lc, lc->new_number));
439 lc->changing_element = NULL;
440 lc->new_number = LC_FREE;
441 clear_bit(__LC_DIRTY, &lc->flags);
442 smp_mb__after_clear_bit();
443 RETURN();
444}
445
446
447/**
448 * lc_put - give up refcnt of @e
449 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
450 * @e: the element to put
451 *
452 * If refcnt reaches zero, the element is moved to the lru list,
453 * and a %LC_STARVING (if set) is cleared.
454 * Returns the new (post-decrement) refcnt.
455 */
456unsigned int lc_put(struct lru_cache *lc, struct lc_element *e)
457{
458 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
459 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
460 BUG_ON(e->refcnt == 0);
461 BUG_ON(e == lc->changing_element);
462 if (--e->refcnt == 0) {
463 /* move it to the front of LRU. */
464 list_move(&e->list, &lc->lru);
465 lc->used--;
466 clear_bit(__LC_STARVING, &lc->flags);
467 smp_mb__after_clear_bit();
468 }
469 RETURN(e->refcnt);
470}
471
472/**
473 * lc_element_by_index
474 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
475 * @i: the index of the element to return
476 */
477struct lc_element *lc_element_by_index(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned i)
478{
479 BUG_ON(i >= lc->nr_elements);
480 BUG_ON(lc->lc_element[i] == NULL);
481 BUG_ON(lc->lc_element[i]->lc_index != i);
482 return lc->lc_element[i];
483}
484
485/**
486 * lc_index_of
487 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
488 * @e: the element to query for its index position in lc->element
489 */
490unsigned int lc_index_of(struct lru_cache *lc, struct lc_element *e)
491{
492 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
493 return e->lc_index;
494}
495
496/**
497 * lc_set - associate index with label
498 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
499 * @enr: the label to set
500 * @index: the element index to associate label with.
501 *
502 * Used to initialize the active set to some previously recorded state.
503 */
504void lc_set(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr, int index)
505{
506 struct lc_element *e;
507
508 if (index < 0 || index >= lc->nr_elements)
509 return;
510
511 e = lc_element_by_index(lc, index);
512 e->lc_number = enr;
513
514 hlist_del_init(&e->colision);
515 hlist_add_head(&e->colision, lc_hash_slot(lc, enr));
516 list_move(&e->list, e->refcnt ? &lc->in_use : &lc->lru);
517}
518
519/**
520 * lc_dump - Dump a complete LRU cache to seq in textual form.
521 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
522 * @seq: the &struct seq_file pointer to seq_printf into
523 * @utext: user supplied "heading" or other info
524 * @detail: function pointer the user may provide to dump further details
525 * of the object the lc_element is embedded in.
526 */
527void lc_seq_dump_details(struct seq_file *seq, struct lru_cache *lc, char *utext,
528 void (*detail) (struct seq_file *, struct lc_element *))
529{
530 unsigned int nr_elements = lc->nr_elements;
531 struct lc_element *e;
532 int i;
533
534 seq_printf(seq, "\tnn: lc_number refcnt %s\n ", utext);
535 for (i = 0; i < nr_elements; i++) {
536 e = lc_element_by_index(lc, i);
537 if (e->lc_number == LC_FREE) {
538 seq_printf(seq, "\t%2d: FREE\n", i);
539 } else {
540 seq_printf(seq, "\t%2d: %4u %4u ", i,
541 e->lc_number, e->refcnt);
542 detail(seq, e);
543 }
544 }
545}
546
547EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_create);
548EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_reset);
549EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_destroy);
550EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_set);
551EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_del);
552EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_try_get);
553EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_find);
554EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_get);
555EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_put);
556EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_changed);
557EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_element_by_index);
558EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_index_of);
559EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_seq_printf_stats);
560EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_seq_dump_details);
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2/*
3 lru_cache.c
4
5 This file is part of DRBD by Philipp Reisner and Lars Ellenberg.
6
7 Copyright (C) 2003-2008, LINBIT Information Technologies GmbH.
8 Copyright (C) 2003-2008, Philipp Reisner <philipp.reisner@linbit.com>.
9 Copyright (C) 2003-2008, Lars Ellenberg <lars.ellenberg@linbit.com>.
10
11
12 */
13
14#include <linux/module.h>
15#include <linux/bitops.h>
16#include <linux/slab.h>
17#include <linux/string.h> /* for memset */
18#include <linux/seq_file.h> /* for seq_printf */
19#include <linux/lru_cache.h>
20
21MODULE_AUTHOR("Philipp Reisner <phil@linbit.com>, "
22 "Lars Ellenberg <lars@linbit.com>");
23MODULE_DESCRIPTION("lru_cache - Track sets of hot objects");
24MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
25
26/* this is developers aid only.
27 * it catches concurrent access (lack of locking on the users part) */
28#define PARANOIA_ENTRY() do { \
29 BUG_ON(!lc); \
30 BUG_ON(!lc->nr_elements); \
31 BUG_ON(test_and_set_bit(__LC_PARANOIA, &lc->flags)); \
32} while (0)
33
34#define RETURN(x...) do { \
35 clear_bit_unlock(__LC_PARANOIA, &lc->flags); \
36 return x ; } while (0)
37
38/* BUG() if e is not one of the elements tracked by lc */
39#define PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e) do { \
40 struct lru_cache *lc_ = (lc); \
41 struct lc_element *e_ = (e); \
42 unsigned i = e_->lc_index; \
43 BUG_ON(i >= lc_->nr_elements); \
44 BUG_ON(lc_->lc_element[i] != e_); } while (0)
45
46
47/* We need to atomically
48 * - try to grab the lock (set LC_LOCKED)
49 * - only if there is no pending transaction
50 * (neither LC_DIRTY nor LC_STARVING is set)
51 * Because of PARANOIA_ENTRY() above abusing lc->flags as well,
52 * it is not sufficient to just say
53 * return 0 == cmpxchg(&lc->flags, 0, LC_LOCKED);
54 */
55int lc_try_lock(struct lru_cache *lc)
56{
57 unsigned long val;
58 do {
59 val = cmpxchg(&lc->flags, 0, LC_LOCKED);
60 } while (unlikely (val == LC_PARANOIA));
61 /* Spin until no-one is inside a PARANOIA_ENTRY()/RETURN() section. */
62 return 0 == val;
63#if 0
64 /* Alternative approach, spin in case someone enters or leaves a
65 * PARANOIA_ENTRY()/RETURN() section. */
66 unsigned long old, new, val;
67 do {
68 old = lc->flags & LC_PARANOIA;
69 new = old | LC_LOCKED;
70 val = cmpxchg(&lc->flags, old, new);
71 } while (unlikely (val == (old ^ LC_PARANOIA)));
72 return old == val;
73#endif
74}
75
76/**
77 * lc_create - prepares to track objects in an active set
78 * @name: descriptive name only used in lc_seq_printf_stats and lc_seq_dump_details
79 * @max_pending_changes: maximum changes to accumulate until a transaction is required
80 * @e_count: number of elements allowed to be active simultaneously
81 * @e_size: size of the tracked objects
82 * @e_off: offset to the &struct lc_element member in a tracked object
83 *
84 * Returns a pointer to a newly initialized struct lru_cache on success,
85 * or NULL on (allocation) failure.
86 */
87struct lru_cache *lc_create(const char *name, struct kmem_cache *cache,
88 unsigned max_pending_changes,
89 unsigned e_count, size_t e_size, size_t e_off)
90{
91 struct hlist_head *slot = NULL;
92 struct lc_element **element = NULL;
93 struct lru_cache *lc;
94 struct lc_element *e;
95 unsigned cache_obj_size = kmem_cache_size(cache);
96 unsigned i;
97
98 WARN_ON(cache_obj_size < e_size);
99 if (cache_obj_size < e_size)
100 return NULL;
101
102 /* e_count too big; would probably fail the allocation below anyways.
103 * for typical use cases, e_count should be few thousand at most. */
104 if (e_count > LC_MAX_ACTIVE)
105 return NULL;
106
107 slot = kcalloc(e_count, sizeof(struct hlist_head), GFP_KERNEL);
108 if (!slot)
109 goto out_fail;
110 element = kcalloc(e_count, sizeof(struct lc_element *), GFP_KERNEL);
111 if (!element)
112 goto out_fail;
113
114 lc = kzalloc(sizeof(*lc), GFP_KERNEL);
115 if (!lc)
116 goto out_fail;
117
118 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->in_use);
119 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->lru);
120 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->free);
121 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->to_be_changed);
122
123 lc->name = name;
124 lc->element_size = e_size;
125 lc->element_off = e_off;
126 lc->nr_elements = e_count;
127 lc->max_pending_changes = max_pending_changes;
128 lc->lc_cache = cache;
129 lc->lc_element = element;
130 lc->lc_slot = slot;
131
132 /* preallocate all objects */
133 for (i = 0; i < e_count; i++) {
134 void *p = kmem_cache_alloc(cache, GFP_KERNEL);
135 if (!p)
136 break;
137 memset(p, 0, lc->element_size);
138 e = p + e_off;
139 e->lc_index = i;
140 e->lc_number = LC_FREE;
141 e->lc_new_number = LC_FREE;
142 list_add(&e->list, &lc->free);
143 element[i] = e;
144 }
145 if (i == e_count)
146 return lc;
147
148 /* else: could not allocate all elements, give up */
149 for (i--; i; i--) {
150 void *p = element[i];
151 kmem_cache_free(cache, p - e_off);
152 }
153 kfree(lc);
154out_fail:
155 kfree(element);
156 kfree(slot);
157 return NULL;
158}
159
160static void lc_free_by_index(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned i)
161{
162 void *p = lc->lc_element[i];
163 WARN_ON(!p);
164 if (p) {
165 p -= lc->element_off;
166 kmem_cache_free(lc->lc_cache, p);
167 }
168}
169
170/**
171 * lc_destroy - frees memory allocated by lc_create()
172 * @lc: the lru cache to destroy
173 */
174void lc_destroy(struct lru_cache *lc)
175{
176 unsigned i;
177 if (!lc)
178 return;
179 for (i = 0; i < lc->nr_elements; i++)
180 lc_free_by_index(lc, i);
181 kfree(lc->lc_element);
182 kfree(lc->lc_slot);
183 kfree(lc);
184}
185
186/**
187 * lc_reset - does a full reset for @lc and the hash table slots.
188 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
189 *
190 * It is roughly the equivalent of re-allocating a fresh lru_cache object,
191 * basically a short cut to lc_destroy(lc); lc = lc_create(...);
192 */
193void lc_reset(struct lru_cache *lc)
194{
195 unsigned i;
196
197 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->in_use);
198 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->lru);
199 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->free);
200 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&lc->to_be_changed);
201 lc->used = 0;
202 lc->hits = 0;
203 lc->misses = 0;
204 lc->starving = 0;
205 lc->locked = 0;
206 lc->changed = 0;
207 lc->pending_changes = 0;
208 lc->flags = 0;
209 memset(lc->lc_slot, 0, sizeof(struct hlist_head) * lc->nr_elements);
210
211 for (i = 0; i < lc->nr_elements; i++) {
212 struct lc_element *e = lc->lc_element[i];
213 void *p = e;
214 p -= lc->element_off;
215 memset(p, 0, lc->element_size);
216 /* re-init it */
217 e->lc_index = i;
218 e->lc_number = LC_FREE;
219 e->lc_new_number = LC_FREE;
220 list_add(&e->list, &lc->free);
221 }
222}
223
224/**
225 * lc_seq_printf_stats - print stats about @lc into @seq
226 * @seq: the seq_file to print into
227 * @lc: the lru cache to print statistics of
228 */
229void lc_seq_printf_stats(struct seq_file *seq, struct lru_cache *lc)
230{
231 /* NOTE:
232 * total calls to lc_get are
233 * (starving + hits + misses)
234 * misses include "locked" count (update from an other thread in
235 * progress) and "changed", when this in fact lead to an successful
236 * update of the cache.
237 */
238 seq_printf(seq, "\t%s: used:%u/%u hits:%lu misses:%lu starving:%lu locked:%lu changed:%lu\n",
239 lc->name, lc->used, lc->nr_elements,
240 lc->hits, lc->misses, lc->starving, lc->locked, lc->changed);
241}
242
243static struct hlist_head *lc_hash_slot(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
244{
245 return lc->lc_slot + (enr % lc->nr_elements);
246}
247
248
249static struct lc_element *__lc_find(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr,
250 bool include_changing)
251{
252 struct lc_element *e;
253
254 BUG_ON(!lc);
255 BUG_ON(!lc->nr_elements);
256 hlist_for_each_entry(e, lc_hash_slot(lc, enr), colision) {
257 /* "about to be changed" elements, pending transaction commit,
258 * are hashed by their "new number". "Normal" elements have
259 * lc_number == lc_new_number. */
260 if (e->lc_new_number != enr)
261 continue;
262 if (e->lc_new_number == e->lc_number || include_changing)
263 return e;
264 break;
265 }
266 return NULL;
267}
268
269/**
270 * lc_find - find element by label, if present in the hash table
271 * @lc: The lru_cache object
272 * @enr: element number
273 *
274 * Returns the pointer to an element, if the element with the requested
275 * "label" or element number is present in the hash table,
276 * or NULL if not found. Does not change the refcnt.
277 * Ignores elements that are "about to be used", i.e. not yet in the active
278 * set, but still pending transaction commit.
279 */
280struct lc_element *lc_find(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
281{
282 return __lc_find(lc, enr, 0);
283}
284
285/**
286 * lc_is_used - find element by label
287 * @lc: The lru_cache object
288 * @enr: element number
289 *
290 * Returns true, if the element with the requested "label" or element number is
291 * present in the hash table, and is used (refcnt > 0).
292 * Also finds elements that are not _currently_ used but only "about to be
293 * used", i.e. on the "to_be_changed" list, pending transaction commit.
294 */
295bool lc_is_used(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
296{
297 struct lc_element *e = __lc_find(lc, enr, 1);
298 return e && e->refcnt;
299}
300
301/**
302 * lc_del - removes an element from the cache
303 * @lc: The lru_cache object
304 * @e: The element to remove
305 *
306 * @e must be unused (refcnt == 0). Moves @e from "lru" to "free" list,
307 * sets @e->enr to %LC_FREE.
308 */
309void lc_del(struct lru_cache *lc, struct lc_element *e)
310{
311 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
312 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
313 BUG_ON(e->refcnt);
314
315 e->lc_number = e->lc_new_number = LC_FREE;
316 hlist_del_init(&e->colision);
317 list_move(&e->list, &lc->free);
318 RETURN();
319}
320
321static struct lc_element *lc_prepare_for_change(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned new_number)
322{
323 struct list_head *n;
324 struct lc_element *e;
325
326 if (!list_empty(&lc->free))
327 n = lc->free.next;
328 else if (!list_empty(&lc->lru))
329 n = lc->lru.prev;
330 else
331 return NULL;
332
333 e = list_entry(n, struct lc_element, list);
334 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
335
336 e->lc_new_number = new_number;
337 if (!hlist_unhashed(&e->colision))
338 __hlist_del(&e->colision);
339 hlist_add_head(&e->colision, lc_hash_slot(lc, new_number));
340 list_move(&e->list, &lc->to_be_changed);
341
342 return e;
343}
344
345static int lc_unused_element_available(struct lru_cache *lc)
346{
347 if (!list_empty(&lc->free))
348 return 1; /* something on the free list */
349 if (!list_empty(&lc->lru))
350 return 1; /* something to evict */
351
352 return 0;
353}
354
355/* used as internal flags to __lc_get */
356enum {
357 LC_GET_MAY_CHANGE = 1,
358 LC_GET_MAY_USE_UNCOMMITTED = 2,
359};
360
361static struct lc_element *__lc_get(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr, unsigned int flags)
362{
363 struct lc_element *e;
364
365 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
366 if (lc->flags & LC_STARVING) {
367 ++lc->starving;
368 RETURN(NULL);
369 }
370
371 e = __lc_find(lc, enr, 1);
372 /* if lc_new_number != lc_number,
373 * this enr is currently being pulled in already,
374 * and will be available once the pending transaction
375 * has been committed. */
376 if (e) {
377 if (e->lc_new_number != e->lc_number) {
378 /* It has been found above, but on the "to_be_changed"
379 * list, not yet committed. Don't pull it in twice,
380 * wait for the transaction, then try again...
381 */
382 if (!(flags & LC_GET_MAY_USE_UNCOMMITTED))
383 RETURN(NULL);
384 /* ... unless the caller is aware of the implications,
385 * probably preparing a cumulative transaction. */
386 ++e->refcnt;
387 ++lc->hits;
388 RETURN(e);
389 }
390 /* else: lc_new_number == lc_number; a real hit. */
391 ++lc->hits;
392 if (e->refcnt++ == 0)
393 lc->used++;
394 list_move(&e->list, &lc->in_use); /* Not evictable... */
395 RETURN(e);
396 }
397 /* e == NULL */
398
399 ++lc->misses;
400 if (!(flags & LC_GET_MAY_CHANGE))
401 RETURN(NULL);
402
403 /* To avoid races with lc_try_lock(), first, mark us dirty
404 * (using test_and_set_bit, as it implies memory barriers), ... */
405 test_and_set_bit(__LC_DIRTY, &lc->flags);
406
407 /* ... only then check if it is locked anyways. If lc_unlock clears
408 * the dirty bit again, that's not a problem, we will come here again.
409 */
410 if (test_bit(__LC_LOCKED, &lc->flags)) {
411 ++lc->locked;
412 RETURN(NULL);
413 }
414
415 /* In case there is nothing available and we can not kick out
416 * the LRU element, we have to wait ...
417 */
418 if (!lc_unused_element_available(lc)) {
419 __set_bit(__LC_STARVING, &lc->flags);
420 RETURN(NULL);
421 }
422
423 /* It was not present in the active set. We are going to recycle an
424 * unused (or even "free") element, but we won't accumulate more than
425 * max_pending_changes changes. */
426 if (lc->pending_changes >= lc->max_pending_changes)
427 RETURN(NULL);
428
429 e = lc_prepare_for_change(lc, enr);
430 BUG_ON(!e);
431
432 clear_bit(__LC_STARVING, &lc->flags);
433 BUG_ON(++e->refcnt != 1);
434 lc->used++;
435 lc->pending_changes++;
436
437 RETURN(e);
438}
439
440/**
441 * lc_get - get element by label, maybe change the active set
442 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
443 * @enr: the label to look up
444 *
445 * Finds an element in the cache, increases its usage count,
446 * "touches" and returns it.
447 *
448 * In case the requested number is not present, it needs to be added to the
449 * cache. Therefore it is possible that an other element becomes evicted from
450 * the cache. In either case, the user is notified so he is able to e.g. keep
451 * a persistent log of the cache changes, and therefore the objects in use.
452 *
453 * Return values:
454 * NULL
455 * The cache was marked %LC_STARVING,
456 * or the requested label was not in the active set
457 * and a changing transaction is still pending (@lc was marked %LC_DIRTY).
458 * Or no unused or free element could be recycled (@lc will be marked as
459 * %LC_STARVING, blocking further lc_get() operations).
460 *
461 * pointer to the element with the REQUESTED element number.
462 * In this case, it can be used right away
463 *
464 * pointer to an UNUSED element with some different element number,
465 * where that different number may also be %LC_FREE.
466 *
467 * In this case, the cache is marked %LC_DIRTY,
468 * so lc_try_lock() will no longer succeed.
469 * The returned element pointer is moved to the "to_be_changed" list,
470 * and registered with the new element number on the hash collision chains,
471 * so it is possible to pick it up from lc_is_used().
472 * Up to "max_pending_changes" (see lc_create()) can be accumulated.
473 * The user now should do whatever housekeeping is necessary,
474 * typically serialize on lc_try_lock_for_transaction(), then call
475 * lc_committed(lc) and lc_unlock(), to finish the change.
476 *
477 * NOTE: The user needs to check the lc_number on EACH use, so he recognizes
478 * any cache set change.
479 */
480struct lc_element *lc_get(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
481{
482 return __lc_get(lc, enr, LC_GET_MAY_CHANGE);
483}
484
485/**
486 * lc_get_cumulative - like lc_get; also finds to-be-changed elements
487 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
488 * @enr: the label to look up
489 *
490 * Unlike lc_get this also returns the element for @enr, if it is belonging to
491 * a pending transaction, so the return values are like for lc_get(),
492 * plus:
493 *
494 * pointer to an element already on the "to_be_changed" list.
495 * In this case, the cache was already marked %LC_DIRTY.
496 *
497 * Caller needs to make sure that the pending transaction is completed,
498 * before proceeding to actually use this element.
499 */
500struct lc_element *lc_get_cumulative(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
501{
502 return __lc_get(lc, enr, LC_GET_MAY_CHANGE|LC_GET_MAY_USE_UNCOMMITTED);
503}
504
505/**
506 * lc_try_get - get element by label, if present; do not change the active set
507 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
508 * @enr: the label to look up
509 *
510 * Finds an element in the cache, increases its usage count,
511 * "touches" and returns it.
512 *
513 * Return values:
514 * NULL
515 * The cache was marked %LC_STARVING,
516 * or the requested label was not in the active set
517 *
518 * pointer to the element with the REQUESTED element number.
519 * In this case, it can be used right away
520 */
521struct lc_element *lc_try_get(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr)
522{
523 return __lc_get(lc, enr, 0);
524}
525
526/**
527 * lc_committed - tell @lc that pending changes have been recorded
528 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
529 *
530 * User is expected to serialize on explicit lc_try_lock_for_transaction()
531 * before the transaction is started, and later needs to lc_unlock() explicitly
532 * as well.
533 */
534void lc_committed(struct lru_cache *lc)
535{
536 struct lc_element *e, *tmp;
537
538 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
539 list_for_each_entry_safe(e, tmp, &lc->to_be_changed, list) {
540 /* count number of changes, not number of transactions */
541 ++lc->changed;
542 e->lc_number = e->lc_new_number;
543 list_move(&e->list, &lc->in_use);
544 }
545 lc->pending_changes = 0;
546 RETURN();
547}
548
549
550/**
551 * lc_put - give up refcnt of @e
552 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
553 * @e: the element to put
554 *
555 * If refcnt reaches zero, the element is moved to the lru list,
556 * and a %LC_STARVING (if set) is cleared.
557 * Returns the new (post-decrement) refcnt.
558 */
559unsigned int lc_put(struct lru_cache *lc, struct lc_element *e)
560{
561 PARANOIA_ENTRY();
562 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
563 BUG_ON(e->refcnt == 0);
564 BUG_ON(e->lc_number != e->lc_new_number);
565 if (--e->refcnt == 0) {
566 /* move it to the front of LRU. */
567 list_move(&e->list, &lc->lru);
568 lc->used--;
569 clear_bit_unlock(__LC_STARVING, &lc->flags);
570 }
571 RETURN(e->refcnt);
572}
573
574/**
575 * lc_element_by_index
576 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
577 * @i: the index of the element to return
578 */
579struct lc_element *lc_element_by_index(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned i)
580{
581 BUG_ON(i >= lc->nr_elements);
582 BUG_ON(lc->lc_element[i] == NULL);
583 BUG_ON(lc->lc_element[i]->lc_index != i);
584 return lc->lc_element[i];
585}
586
587/**
588 * lc_index_of
589 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
590 * @e: the element to query for its index position in lc->element
591 */
592unsigned int lc_index_of(struct lru_cache *lc, struct lc_element *e)
593{
594 PARANOIA_LC_ELEMENT(lc, e);
595 return e->lc_index;
596}
597
598/**
599 * lc_set - associate index with label
600 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
601 * @enr: the label to set
602 * @index: the element index to associate label with.
603 *
604 * Used to initialize the active set to some previously recorded state.
605 */
606void lc_set(struct lru_cache *lc, unsigned int enr, int index)
607{
608 struct lc_element *e;
609 struct list_head *lh;
610
611 if (index < 0 || index >= lc->nr_elements)
612 return;
613
614 e = lc_element_by_index(lc, index);
615 BUG_ON(e->lc_number != e->lc_new_number);
616 BUG_ON(e->refcnt != 0);
617
618 e->lc_number = e->lc_new_number = enr;
619 hlist_del_init(&e->colision);
620 if (enr == LC_FREE)
621 lh = &lc->free;
622 else {
623 hlist_add_head(&e->colision, lc_hash_slot(lc, enr));
624 lh = &lc->lru;
625 }
626 list_move(&e->list, lh);
627}
628
629/**
630 * lc_dump - Dump a complete LRU cache to seq in textual form.
631 * @lc: the lru cache to operate on
632 * @seq: the &struct seq_file pointer to seq_printf into
633 * @utext: user supplied additional "heading" or other info
634 * @detail: function pointer the user may provide to dump further details
635 * of the object the lc_element is embedded in. May be NULL.
636 * Note: a leading space ' ' and trailing newline '\n' is implied.
637 */
638void lc_seq_dump_details(struct seq_file *seq, struct lru_cache *lc, char *utext,
639 void (*detail) (struct seq_file *, struct lc_element *))
640{
641 unsigned int nr_elements = lc->nr_elements;
642 struct lc_element *e;
643 int i;
644
645 seq_printf(seq, "\tnn: lc_number (new nr) refcnt %s\n ", utext);
646 for (i = 0; i < nr_elements; i++) {
647 e = lc_element_by_index(lc, i);
648 if (e->lc_number != e->lc_new_number)
649 seq_printf(seq, "\t%5d: %6d %8d %6d ",
650 i, e->lc_number, e->lc_new_number, e->refcnt);
651 else
652 seq_printf(seq, "\t%5d: %6d %-8s %6d ",
653 i, e->lc_number, "-\"-", e->refcnt);
654 if (detail)
655 detail(seq, e);
656 seq_putc(seq, '\n');
657 }
658}
659
660EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_create);
661EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_reset);
662EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_destroy);
663EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_set);
664EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_del);
665EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_try_get);
666EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_find);
667EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_get);
668EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_put);
669EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_committed);
670EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_element_by_index);
671EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_index_of);
672EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_seq_printf_stats);
673EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_seq_dump_details);
674EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_try_lock);
675EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_is_used);
676EXPORT_SYMBOL(lc_get_cumulative);