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1/*
2 * SPI master driver using generic bitbanged GPIO
3 *
4 * Copyright (C) 2006,2008 David Brownell
5 *
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 * (at your option) any later version.
10 *
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
15 *
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
19 */
20#include <linux/kernel.h>
21#include <linux/module.h>
22#include <linux/init.h>
23#include <linux/platform_device.h>
24#include <linux/gpio.h>
25
26#include <linux/spi/spi.h>
27#include <linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h>
28#include <linux/spi/spi_gpio.h>
29
30
31/*
32 * This bitbanging SPI master driver should help make systems usable
33 * when a native hardware SPI engine is not available, perhaps because
34 * its driver isn't yet working or because the I/O pins it requires
35 * are used for other purposes.
36 *
37 * platform_device->driver_data ... points to spi_gpio
38 *
39 * spi->controller_state ... reserved for bitbang framework code
40 * spi->controller_data ... holds chipselect GPIO
41 *
42 * spi->master->dev.driver_data ... points to spi_gpio->bitbang
43 */
44
45struct spi_gpio {
46 struct spi_bitbang bitbang;
47 struct spi_gpio_platform_data pdata;
48 struct platform_device *pdev;
49};
50
51/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
52
53/*
54 * Because the overhead of going through four GPIO procedure calls
55 * per transferred bit can make performance a problem, this code
56 * is set up so that you can use it in either of two ways:
57 *
58 * - The slow generic way: set up platform_data to hold the GPIO
59 * numbers used for MISO/MOSI/SCK, and issue procedure calls for
60 * each of them. This driver can handle several such busses.
61 *
62 * - The quicker inlined way: only helps with platform GPIO code
63 * that inlines operations for constant GPIOs. This can give
64 * you tight (fast!) inner loops, but each such bus needs a
65 * new driver. You'll define a new C file, with Makefile and
66 * Kconfig support; the C code can be a total of six lines:
67 *
68 * #define DRIVER_NAME "myboard_spi2"
69 * #define SPI_MISO_GPIO 119
70 * #define SPI_MOSI_GPIO 120
71 * #define SPI_SCK_GPIO 121
72 * #define SPI_N_CHIPSEL 4
73 * #include "spi-gpio.c"
74 */
75
76#ifndef DRIVER_NAME
77#define DRIVER_NAME "spi_gpio"
78
79#define GENERIC_BITBANG /* vs tight inlines */
80
81/* all functions referencing these symbols must define pdata */
82#define SPI_MISO_GPIO ((pdata)->miso)
83#define SPI_MOSI_GPIO ((pdata)->mosi)
84#define SPI_SCK_GPIO ((pdata)->sck)
85
86#define SPI_N_CHIPSEL ((pdata)->num_chipselect)
87
88#endif
89
90/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
91
92static inline const struct spi_gpio_platform_data * __pure
93spi_to_pdata(const struct spi_device *spi)
94{
95 const struct spi_bitbang *bang;
96 const struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio;
97
98 bang = spi_master_get_devdata(spi->master);
99 spi_gpio = container_of(bang, struct spi_gpio, bitbang);
100 return &spi_gpio->pdata;
101}
102
103/* this is #defined to avoid unused-variable warnings when inlining */
104#define pdata spi_to_pdata(spi)
105
106static inline void setsck(const struct spi_device *spi, int is_on)
107{
108 gpio_set_value(SPI_SCK_GPIO, is_on);
109}
110
111static inline void setmosi(const struct spi_device *spi, int is_on)
112{
113 gpio_set_value(SPI_MOSI_GPIO, is_on);
114}
115
116static inline int getmiso(const struct spi_device *spi)
117{
118 return !!gpio_get_value(SPI_MISO_GPIO);
119}
120
121#undef pdata
122
123/*
124 * NOTE: this clocks "as fast as we can". It "should" be a function of the
125 * requested device clock. Software overhead means we usually have trouble
126 * reaching even one Mbit/sec (except when we can inline bitops), so for now
127 * we'll just assume we never need additional per-bit slowdowns.
128 */
129#define spidelay(nsecs) do {} while (0)
130
131#include "spi-bitbang-txrx.h"
132
133/*
134 * These functions can leverage inline expansion of GPIO calls to shrink
135 * costs for a txrx bit, often by factors of around ten (by instruction
136 * count). That is particularly visible for larger word sizes, but helps
137 * even with default 8-bit words.
138 *
139 * REVISIT overheads calling these functions for each word also have
140 * significant performance costs. Having txrx_bufs() calls that inline
141 * the txrx_word() logic would help performance, e.g. on larger blocks
142 * used with flash storage or MMC/SD. There should also be ways to make
143 * GCC be less stupid about reloading registers inside the I/O loops,
144 * even without inlined GPIO calls; __attribute__((hot)) on GCC 4.3?
145 */
146
147static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode0(struct spi_device *spi,
148 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits)
149{
150 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 0, 0, word, bits);
151}
152
153static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode1(struct spi_device *spi,
154 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits)
155{
156 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 0, 0, word, bits);
157}
158
159static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode2(struct spi_device *spi,
160 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits)
161{
162 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 1, 0, word, bits);
163}
164
165static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode3(struct spi_device *spi,
166 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits)
167{
168 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 1, 0, word, bits);
169}
170
171/*
172 * These functions do not call setmosi or getmiso if respective flag
173 * (SPI_MASTER_NO_RX or SPI_MASTER_NO_TX) is set, so they are safe to
174 * call when such pin is not present or defined in the controller.
175 * A separate set of callbacks is defined to get highest possible
176 * speed in the generic case (when both MISO and MOSI lines are
177 * available), as optimiser will remove the checks when argument is
178 * constant.
179 */
180
181static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode0(struct spi_device *spi,
182 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits)
183{
184 unsigned flags = spi->master->flags;
185 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 0, flags, word, bits);
186}
187
188static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode1(struct spi_device *spi,
189 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits)
190{
191 unsigned flags = spi->master->flags;
192 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 0, flags, word, bits);
193}
194
195static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode2(struct spi_device *spi,
196 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits)
197{
198 unsigned flags = spi->master->flags;
199 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 1, flags, word, bits);
200}
201
202static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode3(struct spi_device *spi,
203 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits)
204{
205 unsigned flags = spi->master->flags;
206 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 1, flags, word, bits);
207}
208
209/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
210
211static void spi_gpio_chipselect(struct spi_device *spi, int is_active)
212{
213 unsigned long cs = (unsigned long) spi->controller_data;
214
215 /* set initial clock polarity */
216 if (is_active)
217 setsck(spi, spi->mode & SPI_CPOL);
218
219 if (cs != SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT) {
220 /* SPI is normally active-low */
221 gpio_set_value(cs, (spi->mode & SPI_CS_HIGH) ? is_active : !is_active);
222 }
223}
224
225static int spi_gpio_setup(struct spi_device *spi)
226{
227 unsigned long cs = (unsigned long) spi->controller_data;
228 int status = 0;
229
230 if (spi->bits_per_word > 32)
231 return -EINVAL;
232
233 if (!spi->controller_state) {
234 if (cs != SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT) {
235 status = gpio_request(cs, dev_name(&spi->dev));
236 if (status)
237 return status;
238 status = gpio_direction_output(cs, spi->mode & SPI_CS_HIGH);
239 }
240 }
241 if (!status)
242 status = spi_bitbang_setup(spi);
243 if (status) {
244 if (!spi->controller_state && cs != SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT)
245 gpio_free(cs);
246 }
247 return status;
248}
249
250static void spi_gpio_cleanup(struct spi_device *spi)
251{
252 unsigned long cs = (unsigned long) spi->controller_data;
253
254 if (cs != SPI_GPIO_NO_CHIPSELECT)
255 gpio_free(cs);
256 spi_bitbang_cleanup(spi);
257}
258
259static int __devinit spi_gpio_alloc(unsigned pin, const char *label, bool is_in)
260{
261 int value;
262
263 value = gpio_request(pin, label);
264 if (value == 0) {
265 if (is_in)
266 value = gpio_direction_input(pin);
267 else
268 value = gpio_direction_output(pin, 0);
269 }
270 return value;
271}
272
273static int __devinit
274spi_gpio_request(struct spi_gpio_platform_data *pdata, const char *label,
275 u16 *res_flags)
276{
277 int value;
278
279 /* NOTE: SPI_*_GPIO symbols may reference "pdata" */
280
281 if (SPI_MOSI_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI) {
282 value = spi_gpio_alloc(SPI_MOSI_GPIO, label, false);
283 if (value)
284 goto done;
285 } else {
286 /* HW configuration without MOSI pin */
287 *res_flags |= SPI_MASTER_NO_TX;
288 }
289
290 if (SPI_MISO_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO) {
291 value = spi_gpio_alloc(SPI_MISO_GPIO, label, true);
292 if (value)
293 goto free_mosi;
294 } else {
295 /* HW configuration without MISO pin */
296 *res_flags |= SPI_MASTER_NO_RX;
297 }
298
299 value = spi_gpio_alloc(SPI_SCK_GPIO, label, false);
300 if (value)
301 goto free_miso;
302
303 goto done;
304
305free_miso:
306 if (SPI_MISO_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO)
307 gpio_free(SPI_MISO_GPIO);
308free_mosi:
309 if (SPI_MOSI_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI)
310 gpio_free(SPI_MOSI_GPIO);
311done:
312 return value;
313}
314
315static int __devinit spi_gpio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
316{
317 int status;
318 struct spi_master *master;
319 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio;
320 struct spi_gpio_platform_data *pdata;
321 u16 master_flags = 0;
322
323 pdata = pdev->dev.platform_data;
324#ifdef GENERIC_BITBANG
325 if (!pdata || !pdata->num_chipselect)
326 return -ENODEV;
327#endif
328
329 status = spi_gpio_request(pdata, dev_name(&pdev->dev), &master_flags);
330 if (status < 0)
331 return status;
332
333 master = spi_alloc_master(&pdev->dev, sizeof *spi_gpio);
334 if (!master) {
335 status = -ENOMEM;
336 goto gpio_free;
337 }
338 spi_gpio = spi_master_get_devdata(master);
339 platform_set_drvdata(pdev, spi_gpio);
340
341 spi_gpio->pdev = pdev;
342 if (pdata)
343 spi_gpio->pdata = *pdata;
344
345 master->flags = master_flags;
346 master->bus_num = pdev->id;
347 master->num_chipselect = SPI_N_CHIPSEL;
348 master->setup = spi_gpio_setup;
349 master->cleanup = spi_gpio_cleanup;
350
351 spi_gpio->bitbang.master = spi_master_get(master);
352 spi_gpio->bitbang.chipselect = spi_gpio_chipselect;
353
354 if ((master_flags & (SPI_MASTER_NO_TX | SPI_MASTER_NO_RX)) == 0) {
355 spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_0] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode0;
356 spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_1] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode1;
357 spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_2] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode2;
358 spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_3] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode3;
359 } else {
360 spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_0] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode0;
361 spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_1] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode1;
362 spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_2] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode2;
363 spi_gpio->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_3] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode3;
364 }
365 spi_gpio->bitbang.setup_transfer = spi_bitbang_setup_transfer;
366 spi_gpio->bitbang.flags = SPI_CS_HIGH;
367
368 status = spi_bitbang_start(&spi_gpio->bitbang);
369 if (status < 0) {
370 spi_master_put(spi_gpio->bitbang.master);
371gpio_free:
372 if (SPI_MISO_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO)
373 gpio_free(SPI_MISO_GPIO);
374 if (SPI_MOSI_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI)
375 gpio_free(SPI_MOSI_GPIO);
376 gpio_free(SPI_SCK_GPIO);
377 spi_master_put(master);
378 }
379
380 return status;
381}
382
383static int __devexit spi_gpio_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
384{
385 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio;
386 struct spi_gpio_platform_data *pdata;
387 int status;
388
389 spi_gpio = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
390 pdata = pdev->dev.platform_data;
391
392 /* stop() unregisters child devices too */
393 status = spi_bitbang_stop(&spi_gpio->bitbang);
394 spi_master_put(spi_gpio->bitbang.master);
395
396 platform_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
397
398 if (SPI_MISO_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MISO)
399 gpio_free(SPI_MISO_GPIO);
400 if (SPI_MOSI_GPIO != SPI_GPIO_NO_MOSI)
401 gpio_free(SPI_MOSI_GPIO);
402 gpio_free(SPI_SCK_GPIO);
403
404 return status;
405}
406
407MODULE_ALIAS("platform:" DRIVER_NAME);
408
409static struct platform_driver spi_gpio_driver = {
410 .driver.name = DRIVER_NAME,
411 .driver.owner = THIS_MODULE,
412 .probe = spi_gpio_probe,
413 .remove = __devexit_p(spi_gpio_remove),
414};
415module_platform_driver(spi_gpio_driver);
416
417MODULE_DESCRIPTION("SPI master driver using generic bitbanged GPIO ");
418MODULE_AUTHOR("David Brownell");
419MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2/*
3 * SPI master driver using generic bitbanged GPIO
4 *
5 * Copyright (C) 2006,2008 David Brownell
6 * Copyright (C) 2017 Linus Walleij
7 */
8#include <linux/kernel.h>
9#include <linux/module.h>
10#include <linux/platform_device.h>
11#include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
12#include <linux/of.h>
13#include <linux/of_device.h>
14
15#include <linux/spi/spi.h>
16#include <linux/spi/spi_bitbang.h>
17#include <linux/spi/spi_gpio.h>
18
19
20/*
21 * This bitbanging SPI master driver should help make systems usable
22 * when a native hardware SPI engine is not available, perhaps because
23 * its driver isn't yet working or because the I/O pins it requires
24 * are used for other purposes.
25 *
26 * platform_device->driver_data ... points to spi_gpio
27 *
28 * spi->controller_state ... reserved for bitbang framework code
29 *
30 * spi->master->dev.driver_data ... points to spi_gpio->bitbang
31 */
32
33struct spi_gpio {
34 struct spi_bitbang bitbang;
35 struct gpio_desc *sck;
36 struct gpio_desc *miso;
37 struct gpio_desc *mosi;
38 struct gpio_desc **cs_gpios;
39};
40
41/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
42
43/*
44 * Because the overhead of going through four GPIO procedure calls
45 * per transferred bit can make performance a problem, this code
46 * is set up so that you can use it in either of two ways:
47 *
48 * - The slow generic way: set up platform_data to hold the GPIO
49 * numbers used for MISO/MOSI/SCK, and issue procedure calls for
50 * each of them. This driver can handle several such busses.
51 *
52 * - The quicker inlined way: only helps with platform GPIO code
53 * that inlines operations for constant GPIOs. This can give
54 * you tight (fast!) inner loops, but each such bus needs a
55 * new driver. You'll define a new C file, with Makefile and
56 * Kconfig support; the C code can be a total of six lines:
57 *
58 * #define DRIVER_NAME "myboard_spi2"
59 * #define SPI_MISO_GPIO 119
60 * #define SPI_MOSI_GPIO 120
61 * #define SPI_SCK_GPIO 121
62 * #define SPI_N_CHIPSEL 4
63 * #include "spi-gpio.c"
64 */
65
66#ifndef DRIVER_NAME
67#define DRIVER_NAME "spi_gpio"
68
69#define GENERIC_BITBANG /* vs tight inlines */
70
71#endif
72
73/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
74
75static inline struct spi_gpio *__pure
76spi_to_spi_gpio(const struct spi_device *spi)
77{
78 const struct spi_bitbang *bang;
79 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio;
80
81 bang = spi_master_get_devdata(spi->master);
82 spi_gpio = container_of(bang, struct spi_gpio, bitbang);
83 return spi_gpio;
84}
85
86/* These helpers are in turn called by the bitbang inlines */
87static inline void setsck(const struct spi_device *spi, int is_on)
88{
89 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi);
90
91 gpiod_set_value_cansleep(spi_gpio->sck, is_on);
92}
93
94static inline void setmosi(const struct spi_device *spi, int is_on)
95{
96 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi);
97
98 gpiod_set_value_cansleep(spi_gpio->mosi, is_on);
99}
100
101static inline int getmiso(const struct spi_device *spi)
102{
103 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi);
104
105 if (spi->mode & SPI_3WIRE)
106 return !!gpiod_get_value_cansleep(spi_gpio->mosi);
107 else
108 return !!gpiod_get_value_cansleep(spi_gpio->miso);
109}
110
111/*
112 * NOTE: this clocks "as fast as we can". It "should" be a function of the
113 * requested device clock. Software overhead means we usually have trouble
114 * reaching even one Mbit/sec (except when we can inline bitops), so for now
115 * we'll just assume we never need additional per-bit slowdowns.
116 */
117#define spidelay(nsecs) do {} while (0)
118
119#include "spi-bitbang-txrx.h"
120
121/*
122 * These functions can leverage inline expansion of GPIO calls to shrink
123 * costs for a txrx bit, often by factors of around ten (by instruction
124 * count). That is particularly visible for larger word sizes, but helps
125 * even with default 8-bit words.
126 *
127 * REVISIT overheads calling these functions for each word also have
128 * significant performance costs. Having txrx_bufs() calls that inline
129 * the txrx_word() logic would help performance, e.g. on larger blocks
130 * used with flash storage or MMC/SD. There should also be ways to make
131 * GCC be less stupid about reloading registers inside the I/O loops,
132 * even without inlined GPIO calls; __attribute__((hot)) on GCC 4.3?
133 */
134
135static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode0(struct spi_device *spi,
136 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits, unsigned flags)
137{
138 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 0, flags, word, bits);
139}
140
141static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode1(struct spi_device *spi,
142 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits, unsigned flags)
143{
144 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 0, flags, word, bits);
145}
146
147static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode2(struct spi_device *spi,
148 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits, unsigned flags)
149{
150 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 1, flags, word, bits);
151}
152
153static u32 spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode3(struct spi_device *spi,
154 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits, unsigned flags)
155{
156 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 1, flags, word, bits);
157}
158
159/*
160 * These functions do not call setmosi or getmiso if respective flag
161 * (SPI_MASTER_NO_RX or SPI_MASTER_NO_TX) is set, so they are safe to
162 * call when such pin is not present or defined in the controller.
163 * A separate set of callbacks is defined to get highest possible
164 * speed in the generic case (when both MISO and MOSI lines are
165 * available), as optimiser will remove the checks when argument is
166 * constant.
167 */
168
169static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode0(struct spi_device *spi,
170 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits, unsigned flags)
171{
172 flags = spi->master->flags;
173 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 0, flags, word, bits);
174}
175
176static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode1(struct spi_device *spi,
177 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits, unsigned flags)
178{
179 flags = spi->master->flags;
180 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 0, flags, word, bits);
181}
182
183static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode2(struct spi_device *spi,
184 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits, unsigned flags)
185{
186 flags = spi->master->flags;
187 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha0(spi, nsecs, 1, flags, word, bits);
188}
189
190static u32 spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode3(struct spi_device *spi,
191 unsigned nsecs, u32 word, u8 bits, unsigned flags)
192{
193 flags = spi->master->flags;
194 return bitbang_txrx_be_cpha1(spi, nsecs, 1, flags, word, bits);
195}
196
197/*----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
198
199static void spi_gpio_chipselect(struct spi_device *spi, int is_active)
200{
201 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi);
202
203 /* set initial clock line level */
204 if (is_active)
205 gpiod_set_value_cansleep(spi_gpio->sck, spi->mode & SPI_CPOL);
206
207 /* Drive chip select line, if we have one */
208 if (spi_gpio->cs_gpios) {
209 struct gpio_desc *cs = spi_gpio->cs_gpios[spi->chip_select];
210
211 /* SPI chip selects are normally active-low */
212 gpiod_set_value_cansleep(cs, (spi->mode & SPI_CS_HIGH) ? is_active : !is_active);
213 }
214}
215
216static int spi_gpio_setup(struct spi_device *spi)
217{
218 struct gpio_desc *cs;
219 int status = 0;
220 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi);
221
222 /*
223 * The CS GPIOs have already been
224 * initialized from the descriptor lookup.
225 */
226 if (spi_gpio->cs_gpios) {
227 cs = spi_gpio->cs_gpios[spi->chip_select];
228 if (!spi->controller_state && cs)
229 status = gpiod_direction_output(cs,
230 !(spi->mode & SPI_CS_HIGH));
231 }
232
233 if (!status)
234 status = spi_bitbang_setup(spi);
235
236 return status;
237}
238
239static int spi_gpio_set_direction(struct spi_device *spi, bool output)
240{
241 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_to_spi_gpio(spi);
242 int ret;
243
244 if (output)
245 return gpiod_direction_output(spi_gpio->mosi, 1);
246
247 ret = gpiod_direction_input(spi_gpio->mosi);
248 if (ret)
249 return ret;
250 /*
251 * Send a turnaround high impedance cycle when switching
252 * from output to input. Theoretically there should be
253 * a clock delay here, but as has been noted above, the
254 * nsec delay function for bit-banged GPIO is simply
255 * {} because bit-banging just doesn't get fast enough
256 * anyway.
257 */
258 if (spi->mode & SPI_3WIRE_HIZ) {
259 gpiod_set_value_cansleep(spi_gpio->sck,
260 !(spi->mode & SPI_CPOL));
261 gpiod_set_value_cansleep(spi_gpio->sck,
262 !!(spi->mode & SPI_CPOL));
263 }
264 return 0;
265}
266
267static void spi_gpio_cleanup(struct spi_device *spi)
268{
269 spi_bitbang_cleanup(spi);
270}
271
272/*
273 * It can be convenient to use this driver with pins that have alternate
274 * functions associated with a "native" SPI controller if a driver for that
275 * controller is not available, or is missing important functionality.
276 *
277 * On platforms which can do so, configure MISO with a weak pullup unless
278 * there's an external pullup on that signal. That saves power by avoiding
279 * floating signals. (A weak pulldown would save power too, but many
280 * drivers expect to see all-ones data as the no slave "response".)
281 */
282static int spi_gpio_request(struct device *dev, struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio)
283{
284 spi_gpio->mosi = devm_gpiod_get_optional(dev, "mosi", GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
285 if (IS_ERR(spi_gpio->mosi))
286 return PTR_ERR(spi_gpio->mosi);
287
288 spi_gpio->miso = devm_gpiod_get_optional(dev, "miso", GPIOD_IN);
289 if (IS_ERR(spi_gpio->miso))
290 return PTR_ERR(spi_gpio->miso);
291
292 spi_gpio->sck = devm_gpiod_get(dev, "sck", GPIOD_OUT_LOW);
293 return PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(spi_gpio->sck);
294}
295
296#ifdef CONFIG_OF
297static const struct of_device_id spi_gpio_dt_ids[] = {
298 { .compatible = "spi-gpio" },
299 {}
300};
301MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, spi_gpio_dt_ids);
302
303static int spi_gpio_probe_dt(struct platform_device *pdev,
304 struct spi_master *master)
305{
306 master->dev.of_node = pdev->dev.of_node;
307 master->use_gpio_descriptors = true;
308
309 return 0;
310}
311#else
312static inline int spi_gpio_probe_dt(struct platform_device *pdev,
313 struct spi_master *master)
314{
315 return 0;
316}
317#endif
318
319static int spi_gpio_probe_pdata(struct platform_device *pdev,
320 struct spi_master *master)
321{
322 struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
323 struct spi_gpio_platform_data *pdata = dev_get_platdata(dev);
324 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio = spi_master_get_devdata(master);
325 int i;
326
327#ifdef GENERIC_BITBANG
328 if (!pdata || !pdata->num_chipselect)
329 return -ENODEV;
330#endif
331 /*
332 * The master needs to think there is a chipselect even if not
333 * connected
334 */
335 master->num_chipselect = pdata->num_chipselect ?: 1;
336
337 spi_gpio->cs_gpios = devm_kcalloc(dev, master->num_chipselect,
338 sizeof(*spi_gpio->cs_gpios),
339 GFP_KERNEL);
340 if (!spi_gpio->cs_gpios)
341 return -ENOMEM;
342
343 for (i = 0; i < master->num_chipselect; i++) {
344 spi_gpio->cs_gpios[i] = devm_gpiod_get_index(dev, "cs", i,
345 GPIOD_OUT_HIGH);
346 if (IS_ERR(spi_gpio->cs_gpios[i]))
347 return PTR_ERR(spi_gpio->cs_gpios[i]);
348 }
349
350 return 0;
351}
352
353static void spi_gpio_put(void *data)
354{
355 spi_master_put(data);
356}
357
358static int spi_gpio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
359{
360 int status;
361 struct spi_master *master;
362 struct spi_gpio *spi_gpio;
363 struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
364 struct spi_bitbang *bb;
365 const struct of_device_id *of_id;
366
367 of_id = of_match_device(spi_gpio_dt_ids, &pdev->dev);
368
369 master = spi_alloc_master(dev, sizeof(*spi_gpio));
370 if (!master)
371 return -ENOMEM;
372
373 status = devm_add_action_or_reset(&pdev->dev, spi_gpio_put, master);
374 if (status)
375 return status;
376
377 if (of_id)
378 status = spi_gpio_probe_dt(pdev, master);
379 else
380 status = spi_gpio_probe_pdata(pdev, master);
381
382 if (status)
383 return status;
384
385 spi_gpio = spi_master_get_devdata(master);
386
387 status = spi_gpio_request(dev, spi_gpio);
388 if (status)
389 return status;
390
391 master->bits_per_word_mask = SPI_BPW_RANGE_MASK(1, 32);
392 master->mode_bits = SPI_3WIRE | SPI_3WIRE_HIZ | SPI_CPHA | SPI_CPOL |
393 SPI_CS_HIGH;
394 if (!spi_gpio->mosi) {
395 /* HW configuration without MOSI pin
396 *
397 * No setting SPI_MASTER_NO_RX here - if there is only
398 * a MOSI pin connected the host can still do RX by
399 * changing the direction of the line.
400 */
401 master->flags = SPI_MASTER_NO_TX;
402 }
403
404 master->bus_num = pdev->id;
405 master->setup = spi_gpio_setup;
406 master->cleanup = spi_gpio_cleanup;
407
408 bb = &spi_gpio->bitbang;
409 bb->master = master;
410 /*
411 * There is some additional business, apart from driving the CS GPIO
412 * line, that we need to do on selection. This makes the local
413 * callback for chipselect always get called.
414 */
415 master->flags |= SPI_MASTER_GPIO_SS;
416 bb->chipselect = spi_gpio_chipselect;
417 bb->set_line_direction = spi_gpio_set_direction;
418
419 if (master->flags & SPI_MASTER_NO_TX) {
420 bb->txrx_word[SPI_MODE_0] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode0;
421 bb->txrx_word[SPI_MODE_1] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode1;
422 bb->txrx_word[SPI_MODE_2] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode2;
423 bb->txrx_word[SPI_MODE_3] = spi_gpio_spec_txrx_word_mode3;
424 } else {
425 bb->txrx_word[SPI_MODE_0] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode0;
426 bb->txrx_word[SPI_MODE_1] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode1;
427 bb->txrx_word[SPI_MODE_2] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode2;
428 bb->txrx_word[SPI_MODE_3] = spi_gpio_txrx_word_mode3;
429 }
430 bb->setup_transfer = spi_bitbang_setup_transfer;
431
432 status = spi_bitbang_init(&spi_gpio->bitbang);
433 if (status)
434 return status;
435
436 return devm_spi_register_master(&pdev->dev, spi_master_get(master));
437}
438
439MODULE_ALIAS("platform:" DRIVER_NAME);
440
441static struct platform_driver spi_gpio_driver = {
442 .driver = {
443 .name = DRIVER_NAME,
444 .of_match_table = of_match_ptr(spi_gpio_dt_ids),
445 },
446 .probe = spi_gpio_probe,
447};
448module_platform_driver(spi_gpio_driver);
449
450MODULE_DESCRIPTION("SPI master driver using generic bitbanged GPIO ");
451MODULE_AUTHOR("David Brownell");
452MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");