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1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
3 * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
4 */
5#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
6#include <linux/kprobes.h>
7#include <linux/uaccess.h>
8#include <linux/hardirq.h>
9#include <linux/kdebug.h>
10#include <linux/module.h>
11#include <linux/ptrace.h>
12#include <linux/kexec.h>
13#include <linux/sysfs.h>
14#include <linux/bug.h>
15#include <linux/nmi.h>
16
17#include <asm/stacktrace.h>
18
19
20#define N_EXCEPTION_STACKS_END \
21 (N_EXCEPTION_STACKS + DEBUG_STKSZ/EXCEPTION_STKSZ - 2)
22
23static char x86_stack_ids[][8] = {
24 [ DEBUG_STACK-1 ] = "#DB",
25 [ NMI_STACK-1 ] = "NMI",
26 [ DOUBLEFAULT_STACK-1 ] = "#DF",
27 [ STACKFAULT_STACK-1 ] = "#SS",
28 [ MCE_STACK-1 ] = "#MC",
29#if DEBUG_STKSZ > EXCEPTION_STKSZ
30 [ N_EXCEPTION_STACKS ...
31 N_EXCEPTION_STACKS_END ] = "#DB[?]"
32#endif
33};
34
35static unsigned long *in_exception_stack(unsigned cpu, unsigned long stack,
36 unsigned *usedp, char **idp)
37{
38 unsigned k;
39
40 /*
41 * Iterate over all exception stacks, and figure out whether
42 * 'stack' is in one of them:
43 */
44 for (k = 0; k < N_EXCEPTION_STACKS; k++) {
45 unsigned long end = per_cpu(orig_ist, cpu).ist[k];
46 /*
47 * Is 'stack' above this exception frame's end?
48 * If yes then skip to the next frame.
49 */
50 if (stack >= end)
51 continue;
52 /*
53 * Is 'stack' above this exception frame's start address?
54 * If yes then we found the right frame.
55 */
56 if (stack >= end - EXCEPTION_STKSZ) {
57 /*
58 * Make sure we only iterate through an exception
59 * stack once. If it comes up for the second time
60 * then there's something wrong going on - just
61 * break out and return NULL:
62 */
63 if (*usedp & (1U << k))
64 break;
65 *usedp |= 1U << k;
66 *idp = x86_stack_ids[k];
67 return (unsigned long *)end;
68 }
69 /*
70 * If this is a debug stack, and if it has a larger size than
71 * the usual exception stacks, then 'stack' might still
72 * be within the lower portion of the debug stack:
73 */
74#if DEBUG_STKSZ > EXCEPTION_STKSZ
75 if (k == DEBUG_STACK - 1 && stack >= end - DEBUG_STKSZ) {
76 unsigned j = N_EXCEPTION_STACKS - 1;
77
78 /*
79 * Black magic. A large debug stack is composed of
80 * multiple exception stack entries, which we
81 * iterate through now. Dont look:
82 */
83 do {
84 ++j;
85 end -= EXCEPTION_STKSZ;
86 x86_stack_ids[j][4] = '1' +
87 (j - N_EXCEPTION_STACKS);
88 } while (stack < end - EXCEPTION_STKSZ);
89 if (*usedp & (1U << j))
90 break;
91 *usedp |= 1U << j;
92 *idp = x86_stack_ids[j];
93 return (unsigned long *)end;
94 }
95#endif
96 }
97 return NULL;
98}
99
100static inline int
101in_irq_stack(unsigned long *stack, unsigned long *irq_stack,
102 unsigned long *irq_stack_end)
103{
104 return (stack >= irq_stack && stack < irq_stack_end);
105}
106
107/*
108 * x86-64 can have up to three kernel stacks:
109 * process stack
110 * interrupt stack
111 * severe exception (double fault, nmi, stack fault, debug, mce) hardware stack
112 */
113
114void dump_trace(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs,
115 unsigned long *stack, unsigned long bp,
116 const struct stacktrace_ops *ops, void *data)
117{
118 const unsigned cpu = get_cpu();
119 unsigned long *irq_stack_end =
120 (unsigned long *)per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu);
121 unsigned used = 0;
122 struct thread_info *tinfo;
123 int graph = 0;
124 unsigned long dummy;
125
126 if (!task)
127 task = current;
128
129 if (!stack) {
130 if (regs)
131 stack = (unsigned long *)regs->sp;
132 else if (task != current)
133 stack = (unsigned long *)task->thread.sp;
134 else
135 stack = &dummy;
136 }
137
138 if (!bp)
139 bp = stack_frame(task, regs);
140 /*
141 * Print function call entries in all stacks, starting at the
142 * current stack address. If the stacks consist of nested
143 * exceptions
144 */
145 tinfo = task_thread_info(task);
146 for (;;) {
147 char *id;
148 unsigned long *estack_end;
149 estack_end = in_exception_stack(cpu, (unsigned long)stack,
150 &used, &id);
151
152 if (estack_end) {
153 if (ops->stack(data, id) < 0)
154 break;
155
156 bp = ops->walk_stack(tinfo, stack, bp, ops,
157 data, estack_end, &graph);
158 ops->stack(data, "<EOE>");
159 /*
160 * We link to the next stack via the
161 * second-to-last pointer (index -2 to end) in the
162 * exception stack:
163 */
164 stack = (unsigned long *) estack_end[-2];
165 continue;
166 }
167 if (irq_stack_end) {
168 unsigned long *irq_stack;
169 irq_stack = irq_stack_end -
170 (IRQ_STACK_SIZE - 64) / sizeof(*irq_stack);
171
172 if (in_irq_stack(stack, irq_stack, irq_stack_end)) {
173 if (ops->stack(data, "IRQ") < 0)
174 break;
175 bp = ops->walk_stack(tinfo, stack, bp,
176 ops, data, irq_stack_end, &graph);
177 /*
178 * We link to the next stack (which would be
179 * the process stack normally) the last
180 * pointer (index -1 to end) in the IRQ stack:
181 */
182 stack = (unsigned long *) (irq_stack_end[-1]);
183 irq_stack_end = NULL;
184 ops->stack(data, "EOI");
185 continue;
186 }
187 }
188 break;
189 }
190
191 /*
192 * This handles the process stack:
193 */
194 bp = ops->walk_stack(tinfo, stack, bp, ops, data, NULL, &graph);
195 put_cpu();
196}
197EXPORT_SYMBOL(dump_trace);
198
199void
200show_stack_log_lvl(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs,
201 unsigned long *sp, unsigned long bp, char *log_lvl)
202{
203 unsigned long *irq_stack_end;
204 unsigned long *irq_stack;
205 unsigned long *stack;
206 int cpu;
207 int i;
208
209 preempt_disable();
210 cpu = smp_processor_id();
211
212 irq_stack_end = (unsigned long *)(per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu));
213 irq_stack = (unsigned long *)(per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu) - IRQ_STACK_SIZE);
214
215 /*
216 * Debugging aid: "show_stack(NULL, NULL);" prints the
217 * back trace for this cpu:
218 */
219 if (sp == NULL) {
220 if (task)
221 sp = (unsigned long *)task->thread.sp;
222 else
223 sp = (unsigned long *)&sp;
224 }
225
226 stack = sp;
227 for (i = 0; i < kstack_depth_to_print; i++) {
228 if (stack >= irq_stack && stack <= irq_stack_end) {
229 if (stack == irq_stack_end) {
230 stack = (unsigned long *) (irq_stack_end[-1]);
231 printk(KERN_CONT " <EOI> ");
232 }
233 } else {
234 if (((long) stack & (THREAD_SIZE-1)) == 0)
235 break;
236 }
237 if (i && ((i % STACKSLOTS_PER_LINE) == 0))
238 printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
239 printk(KERN_CONT " %016lx", *stack++);
240 touch_nmi_watchdog();
241 }
242 preempt_enable();
243
244 printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
245 show_trace_log_lvl(task, regs, sp, bp, log_lvl);
246}
247
248void show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs)
249{
250 int i;
251 unsigned long sp;
252 const int cpu = smp_processor_id();
253 struct task_struct *cur = current;
254
255 sp = regs->sp;
256 printk("CPU %d ", cpu);
257 print_modules();
258 __show_regs(regs, 1);
259 printk("Process %s (pid: %d, threadinfo %p, task %p)\n",
260 cur->comm, cur->pid, task_thread_info(cur), cur);
261
262 /*
263 * When in-kernel, we also print out the stack and code at the
264 * time of the fault..
265 */
266 if (!user_mode(regs)) {
267 unsigned int code_prologue = code_bytes * 43 / 64;
268 unsigned int code_len = code_bytes;
269 unsigned char c;
270 u8 *ip;
271
272 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "Stack:\n");
273 show_stack_log_lvl(NULL, regs, (unsigned long *)sp,
274 0, KERN_DEFAULT);
275
276 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "Code: ");
277
278 ip = (u8 *)regs->ip - code_prologue;
279 if (ip < (u8 *)PAGE_OFFSET || probe_kernel_address(ip, c)) {
280 /* try starting at IP */
281 ip = (u8 *)regs->ip;
282 code_len = code_len - code_prologue + 1;
283 }
284 for (i = 0; i < code_len; i++, ip++) {
285 if (ip < (u8 *)PAGE_OFFSET ||
286 probe_kernel_address(ip, c)) {
287 printk(KERN_CONT " Bad RIP value.");
288 break;
289 }
290 if (ip == (u8 *)regs->ip)
291 printk(KERN_CONT "<%02x> ", c);
292 else
293 printk(KERN_CONT "%02x ", c);
294 }
295 }
296 printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
297}
298
299int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long ip)
300{
301 unsigned short ud2;
302
303 if (__copy_from_user(&ud2, (const void __user *) ip, sizeof(ud2)))
304 return 0;
305
306 return ud2 == 0x0b0f;
307}
1/*
2 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
3 * Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002 Andi Kleen, SuSE Labs
4 */
5#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
6#include <linux/kprobes.h>
7#include <linux/uaccess.h>
8#include <linux/hardirq.h>
9#include <linux/kdebug.h>
10#include <linux/module.h>
11#include <linux/ptrace.h>
12#include <linux/kexec.h>
13#include <linux/sysfs.h>
14#include <linux/bug.h>
15#include <linux/nmi.h>
16
17#include <asm/stacktrace.h>
18
19
20#define N_EXCEPTION_STACKS_END \
21 (N_EXCEPTION_STACKS + DEBUG_STKSZ/EXCEPTION_STKSZ - 2)
22
23static char x86_stack_ids[][8] = {
24 [ DEBUG_STACK-1 ] = "#DB",
25 [ NMI_STACK-1 ] = "NMI",
26 [ DOUBLEFAULT_STACK-1 ] = "#DF",
27 [ MCE_STACK-1 ] = "#MC",
28#if DEBUG_STKSZ > EXCEPTION_STKSZ
29 [ N_EXCEPTION_STACKS ...
30 N_EXCEPTION_STACKS_END ] = "#DB[?]"
31#endif
32};
33
34static unsigned long *in_exception_stack(unsigned cpu, unsigned long stack,
35 unsigned *usedp, char **idp)
36{
37 unsigned k;
38
39 /*
40 * Iterate over all exception stacks, and figure out whether
41 * 'stack' is in one of them:
42 */
43 for (k = 0; k < N_EXCEPTION_STACKS; k++) {
44 unsigned long end = per_cpu(orig_ist, cpu).ist[k];
45 /*
46 * Is 'stack' above this exception frame's end?
47 * If yes then skip to the next frame.
48 */
49 if (stack >= end)
50 continue;
51 /*
52 * Is 'stack' above this exception frame's start address?
53 * If yes then we found the right frame.
54 */
55 if (stack >= end - EXCEPTION_STKSZ) {
56 /*
57 * Make sure we only iterate through an exception
58 * stack once. If it comes up for the second time
59 * then there's something wrong going on - just
60 * break out and return NULL:
61 */
62 if (*usedp & (1U << k))
63 break;
64 *usedp |= 1U << k;
65 *idp = x86_stack_ids[k];
66 return (unsigned long *)end;
67 }
68 /*
69 * If this is a debug stack, and if it has a larger size than
70 * the usual exception stacks, then 'stack' might still
71 * be within the lower portion of the debug stack:
72 */
73#if DEBUG_STKSZ > EXCEPTION_STKSZ
74 if (k == DEBUG_STACK - 1 && stack >= end - DEBUG_STKSZ) {
75 unsigned j = N_EXCEPTION_STACKS - 1;
76
77 /*
78 * Black magic. A large debug stack is composed of
79 * multiple exception stack entries, which we
80 * iterate through now. Dont look:
81 */
82 do {
83 ++j;
84 end -= EXCEPTION_STKSZ;
85 x86_stack_ids[j][4] = '1' +
86 (j - N_EXCEPTION_STACKS);
87 } while (stack < end - EXCEPTION_STKSZ);
88 if (*usedp & (1U << j))
89 break;
90 *usedp |= 1U << j;
91 *idp = x86_stack_ids[j];
92 return (unsigned long *)end;
93 }
94#endif
95 }
96 return NULL;
97}
98
99static inline int
100in_irq_stack(unsigned long *stack, unsigned long *irq_stack,
101 unsigned long *irq_stack_end)
102{
103 return (stack >= irq_stack && stack < irq_stack_end);
104}
105
106static const unsigned long irq_stack_size =
107 (IRQ_STACK_SIZE - 64) / sizeof(unsigned long);
108
109enum stack_type {
110 STACK_IS_UNKNOWN,
111 STACK_IS_NORMAL,
112 STACK_IS_EXCEPTION,
113 STACK_IS_IRQ,
114};
115
116static enum stack_type
117analyze_stack(int cpu, struct task_struct *task, unsigned long *stack,
118 unsigned long **stack_end, unsigned long *irq_stack,
119 unsigned *used, char **id)
120{
121 unsigned long addr;
122
123 addr = ((unsigned long)stack & (~(THREAD_SIZE - 1)));
124 if ((unsigned long)task_stack_page(task) == addr)
125 return STACK_IS_NORMAL;
126
127 *stack_end = in_exception_stack(cpu, (unsigned long)stack,
128 used, id);
129 if (*stack_end)
130 return STACK_IS_EXCEPTION;
131
132 if (!irq_stack)
133 return STACK_IS_NORMAL;
134
135 *stack_end = irq_stack;
136 irq_stack = irq_stack - irq_stack_size;
137
138 if (in_irq_stack(stack, irq_stack, *stack_end))
139 return STACK_IS_IRQ;
140
141 return STACK_IS_UNKNOWN;
142}
143
144/*
145 * x86-64 can have up to three kernel stacks:
146 * process stack
147 * interrupt stack
148 * severe exception (double fault, nmi, stack fault, debug, mce) hardware stack
149 */
150
151void dump_trace(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs,
152 unsigned long *stack, unsigned long bp,
153 const struct stacktrace_ops *ops, void *data)
154{
155 const unsigned cpu = get_cpu();
156 struct thread_info *tinfo;
157 unsigned long *irq_stack = (unsigned long *)per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu);
158 unsigned long dummy;
159 unsigned used = 0;
160 int graph = 0;
161 int done = 0;
162
163 if (!task)
164 task = current;
165
166 if (!stack) {
167 if (regs)
168 stack = (unsigned long *)regs->sp;
169 else if (task != current)
170 stack = (unsigned long *)task->thread.sp;
171 else
172 stack = &dummy;
173 }
174
175 if (!bp)
176 bp = stack_frame(task, regs);
177 /*
178 * Print function call entries in all stacks, starting at the
179 * current stack address. If the stacks consist of nested
180 * exceptions
181 */
182 tinfo = task_thread_info(task);
183 while (!done) {
184 unsigned long *stack_end;
185 enum stack_type stype;
186 char *id;
187
188 stype = analyze_stack(cpu, task, stack, &stack_end,
189 irq_stack, &used, &id);
190
191 /* Default finish unless specified to continue */
192 done = 1;
193
194 switch (stype) {
195
196 /* Break out early if we are on the thread stack */
197 case STACK_IS_NORMAL:
198 break;
199
200 case STACK_IS_EXCEPTION:
201
202 if (ops->stack(data, id) < 0)
203 break;
204
205 bp = ops->walk_stack(tinfo, stack, bp, ops,
206 data, stack_end, &graph);
207 ops->stack(data, "<EOE>");
208 /*
209 * We link to the next stack via the
210 * second-to-last pointer (index -2 to end) in the
211 * exception stack:
212 */
213 stack = (unsigned long *) stack_end[-2];
214 done = 0;
215 break;
216
217 case STACK_IS_IRQ:
218
219 if (ops->stack(data, "IRQ") < 0)
220 break;
221 bp = ops->walk_stack(tinfo, stack, bp,
222 ops, data, stack_end, &graph);
223 /*
224 * We link to the next stack (which would be
225 * the process stack normally) the last
226 * pointer (index -1 to end) in the IRQ stack:
227 */
228 stack = (unsigned long *) (stack_end[-1]);
229 irq_stack = NULL;
230 ops->stack(data, "EOI");
231 done = 0;
232 break;
233
234 case STACK_IS_UNKNOWN:
235 ops->stack(data, "UNK");
236 break;
237 }
238 }
239
240 /*
241 * This handles the process stack:
242 */
243 bp = ops->walk_stack(tinfo, stack, bp, ops, data, NULL, &graph);
244 put_cpu();
245}
246EXPORT_SYMBOL(dump_trace);
247
248void
249show_stack_log_lvl(struct task_struct *task, struct pt_regs *regs,
250 unsigned long *sp, unsigned long bp, char *log_lvl)
251{
252 unsigned long *irq_stack_end;
253 unsigned long *irq_stack;
254 unsigned long *stack;
255 int cpu;
256 int i;
257
258 preempt_disable();
259 cpu = smp_processor_id();
260
261 irq_stack_end = (unsigned long *)(per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu));
262 irq_stack = (unsigned long *)(per_cpu(irq_stack_ptr, cpu) - IRQ_STACK_SIZE);
263
264 /*
265 * Debugging aid: "show_stack(NULL, NULL);" prints the
266 * back trace for this cpu:
267 */
268 if (sp == NULL) {
269 if (task)
270 sp = (unsigned long *)task->thread.sp;
271 else
272 sp = (unsigned long *)&sp;
273 }
274
275 stack = sp;
276 for (i = 0; i < kstack_depth_to_print; i++) {
277 if (stack >= irq_stack && stack <= irq_stack_end) {
278 if (stack == irq_stack_end) {
279 stack = (unsigned long *) (irq_stack_end[-1]);
280 pr_cont(" <EOI> ");
281 }
282 } else {
283 if (kstack_end(stack))
284 break;
285 }
286 if ((i % STACKSLOTS_PER_LINE) == 0) {
287 if (i != 0)
288 pr_cont("\n");
289 printk("%s %016lx", log_lvl, *stack++);
290 } else
291 pr_cont(" %016lx", *stack++);
292 touch_nmi_watchdog();
293 }
294 preempt_enable();
295
296 pr_cont("\n");
297 show_trace_log_lvl(task, regs, sp, bp, log_lvl);
298}
299
300void show_regs(struct pt_regs *regs)
301{
302 int i;
303 unsigned long sp;
304
305 sp = regs->sp;
306 show_regs_print_info(KERN_DEFAULT);
307 __show_regs(regs, 1);
308
309 /*
310 * When in-kernel, we also print out the stack and code at the
311 * time of the fault..
312 */
313 if (!user_mode(regs)) {
314 unsigned int code_prologue = code_bytes * 43 / 64;
315 unsigned int code_len = code_bytes;
316 unsigned char c;
317 u8 *ip;
318
319 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "Stack:\n");
320 show_stack_log_lvl(NULL, regs, (unsigned long *)sp,
321 0, KERN_DEFAULT);
322
323 printk(KERN_DEFAULT "Code: ");
324
325 ip = (u8 *)regs->ip - code_prologue;
326 if (ip < (u8 *)PAGE_OFFSET || probe_kernel_address(ip, c)) {
327 /* try starting at IP */
328 ip = (u8 *)regs->ip;
329 code_len = code_len - code_prologue + 1;
330 }
331 for (i = 0; i < code_len; i++, ip++) {
332 if (ip < (u8 *)PAGE_OFFSET ||
333 probe_kernel_address(ip, c)) {
334 pr_cont(" Bad RIP value.");
335 break;
336 }
337 if (ip == (u8 *)regs->ip)
338 pr_cont("<%02x> ", c);
339 else
340 pr_cont("%02x ", c);
341 }
342 }
343 pr_cont("\n");
344}
345
346int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long ip)
347{
348 unsigned short ud2;
349
350 if (__copy_from_user(&ud2, (const void __user *) ip, sizeof(ud2)))
351 return 0;
352
353 return ud2 == 0x0b0f;
354}