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1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2/*
3 * numa.c
4 *
5 * numa: Simulate NUMA-sensitive workload and measure their NUMA performance
6 */
7
8#include <inttypes.h>
9/* For the CLR_() macros */
10#include <pthread.h>
11
12#include "../perf.h"
13#include "../builtin.h"
14#include "../util/util.h"
15#include <subcmd/parse-options.h>
16#include "../util/cloexec.h"
17
18#include "bench.h"
19
20#include <errno.h>
21#include <sched.h>
22#include <stdio.h>
23#include <assert.h>
24#include <malloc.h>
25#include <signal.h>
26#include <stdlib.h>
27#include <string.h>
28#include <unistd.h>
29#include <sys/mman.h>
30#include <sys/time.h>
31#include <sys/resource.h>
32#include <sys/wait.h>
33#include <sys/prctl.h>
34#include <sys/types.h>
35#include <linux/kernel.h>
36#include <linux/time64.h>
37
38#include <numa.h>
39#include <numaif.h>
40
41/*
42 * Regular printout to the terminal, supressed if -q is specified:
43 */
44#define tprintf(x...) do { if (g && g->p.show_details >= 0) printf(x); } while (0)
45
46/*
47 * Debug printf:
48 */
49#undef dprintf
50#define dprintf(x...) do { if (g && g->p.show_details >= 1) printf(x); } while (0)
51
52struct thread_data {
53 int curr_cpu;
54 cpu_set_t bind_cpumask;
55 int bind_node;
56 u8 *process_data;
57 int process_nr;
58 int thread_nr;
59 int task_nr;
60 unsigned int loops_done;
61 u64 val;
62 u64 runtime_ns;
63 u64 system_time_ns;
64 u64 user_time_ns;
65 double speed_gbs;
66 pthread_mutex_t *process_lock;
67};
68
69/* Parameters set by options: */
70
71struct params {
72 /* Startup synchronization: */
73 bool serialize_startup;
74
75 /* Task hierarchy: */
76 int nr_proc;
77 int nr_threads;
78
79 /* Working set sizes: */
80 const char *mb_global_str;
81 const char *mb_proc_str;
82 const char *mb_proc_locked_str;
83 const char *mb_thread_str;
84
85 double mb_global;
86 double mb_proc;
87 double mb_proc_locked;
88 double mb_thread;
89
90 /* Access patterns to the working set: */
91 bool data_reads;
92 bool data_writes;
93 bool data_backwards;
94 bool data_zero_memset;
95 bool data_rand_walk;
96 u32 nr_loops;
97 u32 nr_secs;
98 u32 sleep_usecs;
99
100 /* Working set initialization: */
101 bool init_zero;
102 bool init_random;
103 bool init_cpu0;
104
105 /* Misc options: */
106 int show_details;
107 int run_all;
108 int thp;
109
110 long bytes_global;
111 long bytes_process;
112 long bytes_process_locked;
113 long bytes_thread;
114
115 int nr_tasks;
116 bool show_quiet;
117
118 bool show_convergence;
119 bool measure_convergence;
120
121 int perturb_secs;
122 int nr_cpus;
123 int nr_nodes;
124
125 /* Affinity options -C and -N: */
126 char *cpu_list_str;
127 char *node_list_str;
128};
129
130
131/* Global, read-writable area, accessible to all processes and threads: */
132
133struct global_info {
134 u8 *data;
135
136 pthread_mutex_t startup_mutex;
137 int nr_tasks_started;
138
139 pthread_mutex_t startup_done_mutex;
140
141 pthread_mutex_t start_work_mutex;
142 int nr_tasks_working;
143
144 pthread_mutex_t stop_work_mutex;
145 u64 bytes_done;
146
147 struct thread_data *threads;
148
149 /* Convergence latency measurement: */
150 bool all_converged;
151 bool stop_work;
152
153 int print_once;
154
155 struct params p;
156};
157
158static struct global_info *g = NULL;
159
160static int parse_cpus_opt(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset);
161static int parse_nodes_opt(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset);
162
163struct params p0;
164
165static const struct option options[] = {
166 OPT_INTEGER('p', "nr_proc" , &p0.nr_proc, "number of processes"),
167 OPT_INTEGER('t', "nr_threads" , &p0.nr_threads, "number of threads per process"),
168
169 OPT_STRING('G', "mb_global" , &p0.mb_global_str, "MB", "global memory (MBs)"),
170 OPT_STRING('P', "mb_proc" , &p0.mb_proc_str, "MB", "process memory (MBs)"),
171 OPT_STRING('L', "mb_proc_locked", &p0.mb_proc_locked_str,"MB", "process serialized/locked memory access (MBs), <= process_memory"),
172 OPT_STRING('T', "mb_thread" , &p0.mb_thread_str, "MB", "thread memory (MBs)"),
173
174 OPT_UINTEGER('l', "nr_loops" , &p0.nr_loops, "max number of loops to run (default: unlimited)"),
175 OPT_UINTEGER('s', "nr_secs" , &p0.nr_secs, "max number of seconds to run (default: 5 secs)"),
176 OPT_UINTEGER('u', "usleep" , &p0.sleep_usecs, "usecs to sleep per loop iteration"),
177
178 OPT_BOOLEAN('R', "data_reads" , &p0.data_reads, "access the data via reads (can be mixed with -W)"),
179 OPT_BOOLEAN('W', "data_writes" , &p0.data_writes, "access the data via writes (can be mixed with -R)"),
180 OPT_BOOLEAN('B', "data_backwards", &p0.data_backwards, "access the data backwards as well"),
181 OPT_BOOLEAN('Z', "data_zero_memset", &p0.data_zero_memset,"access the data via glibc bzero only"),
182 OPT_BOOLEAN('r', "data_rand_walk", &p0.data_rand_walk, "access the data with random (32bit LFSR) walk"),
183
184
185 OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "init_zero" , &p0.init_zero, "bzero the initial allocations"),
186 OPT_BOOLEAN('I', "init_random" , &p0.init_random, "randomize the contents of the initial allocations"),
187 OPT_BOOLEAN('0', "init_cpu0" , &p0.init_cpu0, "do the initial allocations on CPU#0"),
188 OPT_INTEGER('x', "perturb_secs", &p0.perturb_secs, "perturb thread 0/0 every X secs, to test convergence stability"),
189
190 OPT_INCR ('d', "show_details" , &p0.show_details, "Show details"),
191 OPT_INCR ('a', "all" , &p0.run_all, "Run all tests in the suite"),
192 OPT_INTEGER('H', "thp" , &p0.thp, "MADV_NOHUGEPAGE < 0 < MADV_HUGEPAGE"),
193 OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "show_convergence", &p0.show_convergence, "show convergence details, "
194 "convergence is reached when each process (all its threads) is running on a single NUMA node."),
195 OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "measure_convergence", &p0.measure_convergence, "measure convergence latency"),
196 OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet" , &p0.show_quiet, "quiet mode"),
197 OPT_BOOLEAN('S', "serialize-startup", &p0.serialize_startup,"serialize thread startup"),
198
199 /* Special option string parsing callbacks: */
200 OPT_CALLBACK('C', "cpus", NULL, "cpu[,cpu2,...cpuN]",
201 "bind the first N tasks to these specific cpus (the rest is unbound)",
202 parse_cpus_opt),
203 OPT_CALLBACK('M', "memnodes", NULL, "node[,node2,...nodeN]",
204 "bind the first N tasks to these specific memory nodes (the rest is unbound)",
205 parse_nodes_opt),
206 OPT_END()
207};
208
209static const char * const bench_numa_usage[] = {
210 "perf bench numa <options>",
211 NULL
212};
213
214static const char * const numa_usage[] = {
215 "perf bench numa mem [<options>]",
216 NULL
217};
218
219/*
220 * To get number of numa nodes present.
221 */
222static int nr_numa_nodes(void)
223{
224 int i, nr_nodes = 0;
225
226 for (i = 0; i < g->p.nr_nodes; i++) {
227 if (numa_bitmask_isbitset(numa_nodes_ptr, i))
228 nr_nodes++;
229 }
230
231 return nr_nodes;
232}
233
234/*
235 * To check if given numa node is present.
236 */
237static int is_node_present(int node)
238{
239 return numa_bitmask_isbitset(numa_nodes_ptr, node);
240}
241
242/*
243 * To check given numa node has cpus.
244 */
245static bool node_has_cpus(int node)
246{
247 struct bitmask *cpu = numa_allocate_cpumask();
248 unsigned int i;
249
250 if (cpu && !numa_node_to_cpus(node, cpu)) {
251 for (i = 0; i < cpu->size; i++) {
252 if (numa_bitmask_isbitset(cpu, i))
253 return true;
254 }
255 }
256
257 return false; /* lets fall back to nocpus safely */
258}
259
260static cpu_set_t bind_to_cpu(int target_cpu)
261{
262 cpu_set_t orig_mask, mask;
263 int ret;
264
265 ret = sched_getaffinity(0, sizeof(orig_mask), &orig_mask);
266 BUG_ON(ret);
267
268 CPU_ZERO(&mask);
269
270 if (target_cpu == -1) {
271 int cpu;
272
273 for (cpu = 0; cpu < g->p.nr_cpus; cpu++)
274 CPU_SET(cpu, &mask);
275 } else {
276 BUG_ON(target_cpu < 0 || target_cpu >= g->p.nr_cpus);
277 CPU_SET(target_cpu, &mask);
278 }
279
280 ret = sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(mask), &mask);
281 BUG_ON(ret);
282
283 return orig_mask;
284}
285
286static cpu_set_t bind_to_node(int target_node)
287{
288 int cpus_per_node = g->p.nr_cpus / nr_numa_nodes();
289 cpu_set_t orig_mask, mask;
290 int cpu;
291 int ret;
292
293 BUG_ON(cpus_per_node * nr_numa_nodes() != g->p.nr_cpus);
294 BUG_ON(!cpus_per_node);
295
296 ret = sched_getaffinity(0, sizeof(orig_mask), &orig_mask);
297 BUG_ON(ret);
298
299 CPU_ZERO(&mask);
300
301 if (target_node == -1) {
302 for (cpu = 0; cpu < g->p.nr_cpus; cpu++)
303 CPU_SET(cpu, &mask);
304 } else {
305 int cpu_start = (target_node + 0) * cpus_per_node;
306 int cpu_stop = (target_node + 1) * cpus_per_node;
307
308 BUG_ON(cpu_stop > g->p.nr_cpus);
309
310 for (cpu = cpu_start; cpu < cpu_stop; cpu++)
311 CPU_SET(cpu, &mask);
312 }
313
314 ret = sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(mask), &mask);
315 BUG_ON(ret);
316
317 return orig_mask;
318}
319
320static void bind_to_cpumask(cpu_set_t mask)
321{
322 int ret;
323
324 ret = sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(mask), &mask);
325 BUG_ON(ret);
326}
327
328static void mempol_restore(void)
329{
330 int ret;
331
332 ret = set_mempolicy(MPOL_DEFAULT, NULL, g->p.nr_nodes-1);
333
334 BUG_ON(ret);
335}
336
337static void bind_to_memnode(int node)
338{
339 unsigned long nodemask;
340 int ret;
341
342 if (node == -1)
343 return;
344
345 BUG_ON(g->p.nr_nodes > (int)sizeof(nodemask)*8);
346 nodemask = 1L << node;
347
348 ret = set_mempolicy(MPOL_BIND, &nodemask, sizeof(nodemask)*8);
349 dprintf("binding to node %d, mask: %016lx => %d\n", node, nodemask, ret);
350
351 BUG_ON(ret);
352}
353
354#define HPSIZE (2*1024*1024)
355
356#define set_taskname(fmt...) \
357do { \
358 char name[20]; \
359 \
360 snprintf(name, 20, fmt); \
361 prctl(PR_SET_NAME, name); \
362} while (0)
363
364static u8 *alloc_data(ssize_t bytes0, int map_flags,
365 int init_zero, int init_cpu0, int thp, int init_random)
366{
367 cpu_set_t orig_mask;
368 ssize_t bytes;
369 u8 *buf;
370 int ret;
371
372 if (!bytes0)
373 return NULL;
374
375 /* Allocate and initialize all memory on CPU#0: */
376 if (init_cpu0) {
377 orig_mask = bind_to_node(0);
378 bind_to_memnode(0);
379 }
380
381 bytes = bytes0 + HPSIZE;
382
383 buf = (void *)mmap(0, bytes, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_ANON|map_flags, -1, 0);
384 BUG_ON(buf == (void *)-1);
385
386 if (map_flags == MAP_PRIVATE) {
387 if (thp > 0) {
388 ret = madvise(buf, bytes, MADV_HUGEPAGE);
389 if (ret && !g->print_once) {
390 g->print_once = 1;
391 printf("WARNING: Could not enable THP - do: 'echo madvise > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled'\n");
392 }
393 }
394 if (thp < 0) {
395 ret = madvise(buf, bytes, MADV_NOHUGEPAGE);
396 if (ret && !g->print_once) {
397 g->print_once = 1;
398 printf("WARNING: Could not disable THP: run a CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE kernel?\n");
399 }
400 }
401 }
402
403 if (init_zero) {
404 bzero(buf, bytes);
405 } else {
406 /* Initialize random contents, different in each word: */
407 if (init_random) {
408 u64 *wbuf = (void *)buf;
409 long off = rand();
410 long i;
411
412 for (i = 0; i < bytes/8; i++)
413 wbuf[i] = i + off;
414 }
415 }
416
417 /* Align to 2MB boundary: */
418 buf = (void *)(((unsigned long)buf + HPSIZE-1) & ~(HPSIZE-1));
419
420 /* Restore affinity: */
421 if (init_cpu0) {
422 bind_to_cpumask(orig_mask);
423 mempol_restore();
424 }
425
426 return buf;
427}
428
429static void free_data(void *data, ssize_t bytes)
430{
431 int ret;
432
433 if (!data)
434 return;
435
436 ret = munmap(data, bytes);
437 BUG_ON(ret);
438}
439
440/*
441 * Create a shared memory buffer that can be shared between processes, zeroed:
442 */
443static void * zalloc_shared_data(ssize_t bytes)
444{
445 return alloc_data(bytes, MAP_SHARED, 1, g->p.init_cpu0, g->p.thp, g->p.init_random);
446}
447
448/*
449 * Create a shared memory buffer that can be shared between processes:
450 */
451static void * setup_shared_data(ssize_t bytes)
452{
453 return alloc_data(bytes, MAP_SHARED, 0, g->p.init_cpu0, g->p.thp, g->p.init_random);
454}
455
456/*
457 * Allocate process-local memory - this will either be shared between
458 * threads of this process, or only be accessed by this thread:
459 */
460static void * setup_private_data(ssize_t bytes)
461{
462 return alloc_data(bytes, MAP_PRIVATE, 0, g->p.init_cpu0, g->p.thp, g->p.init_random);
463}
464
465/*
466 * Return a process-shared (global) mutex:
467 */
468static void init_global_mutex(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
469{
470 pthread_mutexattr_t attr;
471
472 pthread_mutexattr_init(&attr);
473 pthread_mutexattr_setpshared(&attr, PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED);
474 pthread_mutex_init(mutex, &attr);
475}
476
477static int parse_cpu_list(const char *arg)
478{
479 p0.cpu_list_str = strdup(arg);
480
481 dprintf("got CPU list: {%s}\n", p0.cpu_list_str);
482
483 return 0;
484}
485
486static int parse_setup_cpu_list(void)
487{
488 struct thread_data *td;
489 char *str0, *str;
490 int t;
491
492 if (!g->p.cpu_list_str)
493 return 0;
494
495 dprintf("g->p.nr_tasks: %d\n", g->p.nr_tasks);
496
497 str0 = str = strdup(g->p.cpu_list_str);
498 t = 0;
499
500 BUG_ON(!str);
501
502 tprintf("# binding tasks to CPUs:\n");
503 tprintf("# ");
504
505 while (true) {
506 int bind_cpu, bind_cpu_0, bind_cpu_1;
507 char *tok, *tok_end, *tok_step, *tok_len, *tok_mul;
508 int bind_len;
509 int step;
510 int mul;
511
512 tok = strsep(&str, ",");
513 if (!tok)
514 break;
515
516 tok_end = strstr(tok, "-");
517
518 dprintf("\ntoken: {%s}, end: {%s}\n", tok, tok_end);
519 if (!tok_end) {
520 /* Single CPU specified: */
521 bind_cpu_0 = bind_cpu_1 = atol(tok);
522 } else {
523 /* CPU range specified (for example: "5-11"): */
524 bind_cpu_0 = atol(tok);
525 bind_cpu_1 = atol(tok_end + 1);
526 }
527
528 step = 1;
529 tok_step = strstr(tok, "#");
530 if (tok_step) {
531 step = atol(tok_step + 1);
532 BUG_ON(step <= 0 || step >= g->p.nr_cpus);
533 }
534
535 /*
536 * Mask length.
537 * Eg: "--cpus 8_4-16#4" means: '--cpus 8_4,12_4,16_4',
538 * where the _4 means the next 4 CPUs are allowed.
539 */
540 bind_len = 1;
541 tok_len = strstr(tok, "_");
542 if (tok_len) {
543 bind_len = atol(tok_len + 1);
544 BUG_ON(bind_len <= 0 || bind_len > g->p.nr_cpus);
545 }
546
547 /* Multiplicator shortcut, "0x8" is a shortcut for: "0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" */
548 mul = 1;
549 tok_mul = strstr(tok, "x");
550 if (tok_mul) {
551 mul = atol(tok_mul + 1);
552 BUG_ON(mul <= 0);
553 }
554
555 dprintf("CPUs: %d_%d-%d#%dx%d\n", bind_cpu_0, bind_len, bind_cpu_1, step, mul);
556
557 if (bind_cpu_0 >= g->p.nr_cpus || bind_cpu_1 >= g->p.nr_cpus) {
558 printf("\nTest not applicable, system has only %d CPUs.\n", g->p.nr_cpus);
559 return -1;
560 }
561
562 BUG_ON(bind_cpu_0 < 0 || bind_cpu_1 < 0);
563 BUG_ON(bind_cpu_0 > bind_cpu_1);
564
565 for (bind_cpu = bind_cpu_0; bind_cpu <= bind_cpu_1; bind_cpu += step) {
566 int i;
567
568 for (i = 0; i < mul; i++) {
569 int cpu;
570
571 if (t >= g->p.nr_tasks) {
572 printf("\n# NOTE: ignoring bind CPUs starting at CPU#%d\n #", bind_cpu);
573 goto out;
574 }
575 td = g->threads + t;
576
577 if (t)
578 tprintf(",");
579 if (bind_len > 1) {
580 tprintf("%2d/%d", bind_cpu, bind_len);
581 } else {
582 tprintf("%2d", bind_cpu);
583 }
584
585 CPU_ZERO(&td->bind_cpumask);
586 for (cpu = bind_cpu; cpu < bind_cpu+bind_len; cpu++) {
587 BUG_ON(cpu < 0 || cpu >= g->p.nr_cpus);
588 CPU_SET(cpu, &td->bind_cpumask);
589 }
590 t++;
591 }
592 }
593 }
594out:
595
596 tprintf("\n");
597
598 if (t < g->p.nr_tasks)
599 printf("# NOTE: %d tasks bound, %d tasks unbound\n", t, g->p.nr_tasks - t);
600
601 free(str0);
602 return 0;
603}
604
605static int parse_cpus_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
606 const char *arg, int unset __maybe_unused)
607{
608 if (!arg)
609 return -1;
610
611 return parse_cpu_list(arg);
612}
613
614static int parse_node_list(const char *arg)
615{
616 p0.node_list_str = strdup(arg);
617
618 dprintf("got NODE list: {%s}\n", p0.node_list_str);
619
620 return 0;
621}
622
623static int parse_setup_node_list(void)
624{
625 struct thread_data *td;
626 char *str0, *str;
627 int t;
628
629 if (!g->p.node_list_str)
630 return 0;
631
632 dprintf("g->p.nr_tasks: %d\n", g->p.nr_tasks);
633
634 str0 = str = strdup(g->p.node_list_str);
635 t = 0;
636
637 BUG_ON(!str);
638
639 tprintf("# binding tasks to NODEs:\n");
640 tprintf("# ");
641
642 while (true) {
643 int bind_node, bind_node_0, bind_node_1;
644 char *tok, *tok_end, *tok_step, *tok_mul;
645 int step;
646 int mul;
647
648 tok = strsep(&str, ",");
649 if (!tok)
650 break;
651
652 tok_end = strstr(tok, "-");
653
654 dprintf("\ntoken: {%s}, end: {%s}\n", tok, tok_end);
655 if (!tok_end) {
656 /* Single NODE specified: */
657 bind_node_0 = bind_node_1 = atol(tok);
658 } else {
659 /* NODE range specified (for example: "5-11"): */
660 bind_node_0 = atol(tok);
661 bind_node_1 = atol(tok_end + 1);
662 }
663
664 step = 1;
665 tok_step = strstr(tok, "#");
666 if (tok_step) {
667 step = atol(tok_step + 1);
668 BUG_ON(step <= 0 || step >= g->p.nr_nodes);
669 }
670
671 /* Multiplicator shortcut, "0x8" is a shortcut for: "0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0" */
672 mul = 1;
673 tok_mul = strstr(tok, "x");
674 if (tok_mul) {
675 mul = atol(tok_mul + 1);
676 BUG_ON(mul <= 0);
677 }
678
679 dprintf("NODEs: %d-%d #%d\n", bind_node_0, bind_node_1, step);
680
681 if (bind_node_0 >= g->p.nr_nodes || bind_node_1 >= g->p.nr_nodes) {
682 printf("\nTest not applicable, system has only %d nodes.\n", g->p.nr_nodes);
683 return -1;
684 }
685
686 BUG_ON(bind_node_0 < 0 || bind_node_1 < 0);
687 BUG_ON(bind_node_0 > bind_node_1);
688
689 for (bind_node = bind_node_0; bind_node <= bind_node_1; bind_node += step) {
690 int i;
691
692 for (i = 0; i < mul; i++) {
693 if (t >= g->p.nr_tasks || !node_has_cpus(bind_node)) {
694 printf("\n# NOTE: ignoring bind NODEs starting at NODE#%d\n", bind_node);
695 goto out;
696 }
697 td = g->threads + t;
698
699 if (!t)
700 tprintf(" %2d", bind_node);
701 else
702 tprintf(",%2d", bind_node);
703
704 td->bind_node = bind_node;
705 t++;
706 }
707 }
708 }
709out:
710
711 tprintf("\n");
712
713 if (t < g->p.nr_tasks)
714 printf("# NOTE: %d tasks mem-bound, %d tasks unbound\n", t, g->p.nr_tasks - t);
715
716 free(str0);
717 return 0;
718}
719
720static int parse_nodes_opt(const struct option *opt __maybe_unused,
721 const char *arg, int unset __maybe_unused)
722{
723 if (!arg)
724 return -1;
725
726 return parse_node_list(arg);
727
728 return 0;
729}
730
731#define BIT(x) (1ul << x)
732
733static inline uint32_t lfsr_32(uint32_t lfsr)
734{
735 const uint32_t taps = BIT(1) | BIT(5) | BIT(6) | BIT(31);
736 return (lfsr>>1) ^ ((0x0u - (lfsr & 0x1u)) & taps);
737}
738
739/*
740 * Make sure there's real data dependency to RAM (when read
741 * accesses are enabled), so the compiler, the CPU and the
742 * kernel (KSM, zero page, etc.) cannot optimize away RAM
743 * accesses:
744 */
745static inline u64 access_data(u64 *data, u64 val)
746{
747 if (g->p.data_reads)
748 val += *data;
749 if (g->p.data_writes)
750 *data = val + 1;
751 return val;
752}
753
754/*
755 * The worker process does two types of work, a forwards going
756 * loop and a backwards going loop.
757 *
758 * We do this so that on multiprocessor systems we do not create
759 * a 'train' of processing, with highly synchronized processes,
760 * skewing the whole benchmark.
761 */
762static u64 do_work(u8 *__data, long bytes, int nr, int nr_max, int loop, u64 val)
763{
764 long words = bytes/sizeof(u64);
765 u64 *data = (void *)__data;
766 long chunk_0, chunk_1;
767 u64 *d0, *d, *d1;
768 long off;
769 long i;
770
771 BUG_ON(!data && words);
772 BUG_ON(data && !words);
773
774 if (!data)
775 return val;
776
777 /* Very simple memset() work variant: */
778 if (g->p.data_zero_memset && !g->p.data_rand_walk) {
779 bzero(data, bytes);
780 return val;
781 }
782
783 /* Spread out by PID/TID nr and by loop nr: */
784 chunk_0 = words/nr_max;
785 chunk_1 = words/g->p.nr_loops;
786 off = nr*chunk_0 + loop*chunk_1;
787
788 while (off >= words)
789 off -= words;
790
791 if (g->p.data_rand_walk) {
792 u32 lfsr = nr + loop + val;
793 int j;
794
795 for (i = 0; i < words/1024; i++) {
796 long start, end;
797
798 lfsr = lfsr_32(lfsr);
799
800 start = lfsr % words;
801 end = min(start + 1024, words-1);
802
803 if (g->p.data_zero_memset) {
804 bzero(data + start, (end-start) * sizeof(u64));
805 } else {
806 for (j = start; j < end; j++)
807 val = access_data(data + j, val);
808 }
809 }
810 } else if (!g->p.data_backwards || (nr + loop) & 1) {
811
812 d0 = data + off;
813 d = data + off + 1;
814 d1 = data + words;
815
816 /* Process data forwards: */
817 for (;;) {
818 if (unlikely(d >= d1))
819 d = data;
820 if (unlikely(d == d0))
821 break;
822
823 val = access_data(d, val);
824
825 d++;
826 }
827 } else {
828 /* Process data backwards: */
829
830 d0 = data + off;
831 d = data + off - 1;
832 d1 = data + words;
833
834 /* Process data forwards: */
835 for (;;) {
836 if (unlikely(d < data))
837 d = data + words-1;
838 if (unlikely(d == d0))
839 break;
840
841 val = access_data(d, val);
842
843 d--;
844 }
845 }
846
847 return val;
848}
849
850static void update_curr_cpu(int task_nr, unsigned long bytes_worked)
851{
852 unsigned int cpu;
853
854 cpu = sched_getcpu();
855
856 g->threads[task_nr].curr_cpu = cpu;
857 prctl(0, bytes_worked);
858}
859
860#define MAX_NR_NODES 64
861
862/*
863 * Count the number of nodes a process's threads
864 * are spread out on.
865 *
866 * A count of 1 means that the process is compressed
867 * to a single node. A count of g->p.nr_nodes means it's
868 * spread out on the whole system.
869 */
870static int count_process_nodes(int process_nr)
871{
872 char node_present[MAX_NR_NODES] = { 0, };
873 int nodes;
874 int n, t;
875
876 for (t = 0; t < g->p.nr_threads; t++) {
877 struct thread_data *td;
878 int task_nr;
879 int node;
880
881 task_nr = process_nr*g->p.nr_threads + t;
882 td = g->threads + task_nr;
883
884 node = numa_node_of_cpu(td->curr_cpu);
885 if (node < 0) /* curr_cpu was likely still -1 */
886 return 0;
887
888 node_present[node] = 1;
889 }
890
891 nodes = 0;
892
893 for (n = 0; n < MAX_NR_NODES; n++)
894 nodes += node_present[n];
895
896 return nodes;
897}
898
899/*
900 * Count the number of distinct process-threads a node contains.
901 *
902 * A count of 1 means that the node contains only a single
903 * process. If all nodes on the system contain at most one
904 * process then we are well-converged.
905 */
906static int count_node_processes(int node)
907{
908 int processes = 0;
909 int t, p;
910
911 for (p = 0; p < g->p.nr_proc; p++) {
912 for (t = 0; t < g->p.nr_threads; t++) {
913 struct thread_data *td;
914 int task_nr;
915 int n;
916
917 task_nr = p*g->p.nr_threads + t;
918 td = g->threads + task_nr;
919
920 n = numa_node_of_cpu(td->curr_cpu);
921 if (n == node) {
922 processes++;
923 break;
924 }
925 }
926 }
927
928 return processes;
929}
930
931static void calc_convergence_compression(int *strong)
932{
933 unsigned int nodes_min, nodes_max;
934 int p;
935
936 nodes_min = -1;
937 nodes_max = 0;
938
939 for (p = 0; p < g->p.nr_proc; p++) {
940 unsigned int nodes = count_process_nodes(p);
941
942 if (!nodes) {
943 *strong = 0;
944 return;
945 }
946
947 nodes_min = min(nodes, nodes_min);
948 nodes_max = max(nodes, nodes_max);
949 }
950
951 /* Strong convergence: all threads compress on a single node: */
952 if (nodes_min == 1 && nodes_max == 1) {
953 *strong = 1;
954 } else {
955 *strong = 0;
956 tprintf(" {%d-%d}", nodes_min, nodes_max);
957 }
958}
959
960static void calc_convergence(double runtime_ns_max, double *convergence)
961{
962 unsigned int loops_done_min, loops_done_max;
963 int process_groups;
964 int nodes[MAX_NR_NODES];
965 int distance;
966 int nr_min;
967 int nr_max;
968 int strong;
969 int sum;
970 int nr;
971 int node;
972 int cpu;
973 int t;
974
975 if (!g->p.show_convergence && !g->p.measure_convergence)
976 return;
977
978 for (node = 0; node < g->p.nr_nodes; node++)
979 nodes[node] = 0;
980
981 loops_done_min = -1;
982 loops_done_max = 0;
983
984 for (t = 0; t < g->p.nr_tasks; t++) {
985 struct thread_data *td = g->threads + t;
986 unsigned int loops_done;
987
988 cpu = td->curr_cpu;
989
990 /* Not all threads have written it yet: */
991 if (cpu < 0)
992 continue;
993
994 node = numa_node_of_cpu(cpu);
995
996 nodes[node]++;
997
998 loops_done = td->loops_done;
999 loops_done_min = min(loops_done, loops_done_min);
1000 loops_done_max = max(loops_done, loops_done_max);
1001 }
1002
1003 nr_max = 0;
1004 nr_min = g->p.nr_tasks;
1005 sum = 0;
1006
1007 for (node = 0; node < g->p.nr_nodes; node++) {
1008 if (!is_node_present(node))
1009 continue;
1010 nr = nodes[node];
1011 nr_min = min(nr, nr_min);
1012 nr_max = max(nr, nr_max);
1013 sum += nr;
1014 }
1015 BUG_ON(nr_min > nr_max);
1016
1017 BUG_ON(sum > g->p.nr_tasks);
1018
1019 if (0 && (sum < g->p.nr_tasks))
1020 return;
1021
1022 /*
1023 * Count the number of distinct process groups present
1024 * on nodes - when we are converged this will decrease
1025 * to g->p.nr_proc:
1026 */
1027 process_groups = 0;
1028
1029 for (node = 0; node < g->p.nr_nodes; node++) {
1030 int processes;
1031
1032 if (!is_node_present(node))
1033 continue;
1034 processes = count_node_processes(node);
1035 nr = nodes[node];
1036 tprintf(" %2d/%-2d", nr, processes);
1037
1038 process_groups += processes;
1039 }
1040
1041 distance = nr_max - nr_min;
1042
1043 tprintf(" [%2d/%-2d]", distance, process_groups);
1044
1045 tprintf(" l:%3d-%-3d (%3d)",
1046 loops_done_min, loops_done_max, loops_done_max-loops_done_min);
1047
1048 if (loops_done_min && loops_done_max) {
1049 double skew = 1.0 - (double)loops_done_min/loops_done_max;
1050
1051 tprintf(" [%4.1f%%]", skew * 100.0);
1052 }
1053
1054 calc_convergence_compression(&strong);
1055
1056 if (strong && process_groups == g->p.nr_proc) {
1057 if (!*convergence) {
1058 *convergence = runtime_ns_max;
1059 tprintf(" (%6.1fs converged)\n", *convergence / NSEC_PER_SEC);
1060 if (g->p.measure_convergence) {
1061 g->all_converged = true;
1062 g->stop_work = true;
1063 }
1064 }
1065 } else {
1066 if (*convergence) {
1067 tprintf(" (%6.1fs de-converged)", runtime_ns_max / NSEC_PER_SEC);
1068 *convergence = 0;
1069 }
1070 tprintf("\n");
1071 }
1072}
1073
1074static void show_summary(double runtime_ns_max, int l, double *convergence)
1075{
1076 tprintf("\r # %5.1f%% [%.1f mins]",
1077 (double)(l+1)/g->p.nr_loops*100.0, runtime_ns_max / NSEC_PER_SEC / 60.0);
1078
1079 calc_convergence(runtime_ns_max, convergence);
1080
1081 if (g->p.show_details >= 0)
1082 fflush(stdout);
1083}
1084
1085static void *worker_thread(void *__tdata)
1086{
1087 struct thread_data *td = __tdata;
1088 struct timeval start0, start, stop, diff;
1089 int process_nr = td->process_nr;
1090 int thread_nr = td->thread_nr;
1091 unsigned long last_perturbance;
1092 int task_nr = td->task_nr;
1093 int details = g->p.show_details;
1094 int first_task, last_task;
1095 double convergence = 0;
1096 u64 val = td->val;
1097 double runtime_ns_max;
1098 u8 *global_data;
1099 u8 *process_data;
1100 u8 *thread_data;
1101 u64 bytes_done;
1102 long work_done;
1103 u32 l;
1104 struct rusage rusage;
1105
1106 bind_to_cpumask(td->bind_cpumask);
1107 bind_to_memnode(td->bind_node);
1108
1109 set_taskname("thread %d/%d", process_nr, thread_nr);
1110
1111 global_data = g->data;
1112 process_data = td->process_data;
1113 thread_data = setup_private_data(g->p.bytes_thread);
1114
1115 bytes_done = 0;
1116
1117 last_task = 0;
1118 if (process_nr == g->p.nr_proc-1 && thread_nr == g->p.nr_threads-1)
1119 last_task = 1;
1120
1121 first_task = 0;
1122 if (process_nr == 0 && thread_nr == 0)
1123 first_task = 1;
1124
1125 if (details >= 2) {
1126 printf("# thread %2d / %2d global mem: %p, process mem: %p, thread mem: %p\n",
1127 process_nr, thread_nr, global_data, process_data, thread_data);
1128 }
1129
1130 if (g->p.serialize_startup) {
1131 pthread_mutex_lock(&g->startup_mutex);
1132 g->nr_tasks_started++;
1133 pthread_mutex_unlock(&g->startup_mutex);
1134
1135 /* Here we will wait for the main process to start us all at once: */
1136 pthread_mutex_lock(&g->start_work_mutex);
1137 g->nr_tasks_working++;
1138
1139 /* Last one wake the main process: */
1140 if (g->nr_tasks_working == g->p.nr_tasks)
1141 pthread_mutex_unlock(&g->startup_done_mutex);
1142
1143 pthread_mutex_unlock(&g->start_work_mutex);
1144 }
1145
1146 gettimeofday(&start0, NULL);
1147
1148 start = stop = start0;
1149 last_perturbance = start.tv_sec;
1150
1151 for (l = 0; l < g->p.nr_loops; l++) {
1152 start = stop;
1153
1154 if (g->stop_work)
1155 break;
1156
1157 val += do_work(global_data, g->p.bytes_global, process_nr, g->p.nr_proc, l, val);
1158 val += do_work(process_data, g->p.bytes_process, thread_nr, g->p.nr_threads, l, val);
1159 val += do_work(thread_data, g->p.bytes_thread, 0, 1, l, val);
1160
1161 if (g->p.sleep_usecs) {
1162 pthread_mutex_lock(td->process_lock);
1163 usleep(g->p.sleep_usecs);
1164 pthread_mutex_unlock(td->process_lock);
1165 }
1166 /*
1167 * Amount of work to be done under a process-global lock:
1168 */
1169 if (g->p.bytes_process_locked) {
1170 pthread_mutex_lock(td->process_lock);
1171 val += do_work(process_data, g->p.bytes_process_locked, thread_nr, g->p.nr_threads, l, val);
1172 pthread_mutex_unlock(td->process_lock);
1173 }
1174
1175 work_done = g->p.bytes_global + g->p.bytes_process +
1176 g->p.bytes_process_locked + g->p.bytes_thread;
1177
1178 update_curr_cpu(task_nr, work_done);
1179 bytes_done += work_done;
1180
1181 if (details < 0 && !g->p.perturb_secs && !g->p.measure_convergence && !g->p.nr_secs)
1182 continue;
1183
1184 td->loops_done = l;
1185
1186 gettimeofday(&stop, NULL);
1187
1188 /* Check whether our max runtime timed out: */
1189 if (g->p.nr_secs) {
1190 timersub(&stop, &start0, &diff);
1191 if ((u32)diff.tv_sec >= g->p.nr_secs) {
1192 g->stop_work = true;
1193 break;
1194 }
1195 }
1196
1197 /* Update the summary at most once per second: */
1198 if (start.tv_sec == stop.tv_sec)
1199 continue;
1200
1201 /*
1202 * Perturb the first task's equilibrium every g->p.perturb_secs seconds,
1203 * by migrating to CPU#0:
1204 */
1205 if (first_task && g->p.perturb_secs && (int)(stop.tv_sec - last_perturbance) >= g->p.perturb_secs) {
1206 cpu_set_t orig_mask;
1207 int target_cpu;
1208 int this_cpu;
1209
1210 last_perturbance = stop.tv_sec;
1211
1212 /*
1213 * Depending on where we are running, move into
1214 * the other half of the system, to create some
1215 * real disturbance:
1216 */
1217 this_cpu = g->threads[task_nr].curr_cpu;
1218 if (this_cpu < g->p.nr_cpus/2)
1219 target_cpu = g->p.nr_cpus-1;
1220 else
1221 target_cpu = 0;
1222
1223 orig_mask = bind_to_cpu(target_cpu);
1224
1225 /* Here we are running on the target CPU already */
1226 if (details >= 1)
1227 printf(" (injecting perturbalance, moved to CPU#%d)\n", target_cpu);
1228
1229 bind_to_cpumask(orig_mask);
1230 }
1231
1232 if (details >= 3) {
1233 timersub(&stop, &start, &diff);
1234 runtime_ns_max = diff.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC;
1235 runtime_ns_max += diff.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
1236
1237 if (details >= 0) {
1238 printf(" #%2d / %2d: %14.2lf nsecs/op [val: %016"PRIx64"]\n",
1239 process_nr, thread_nr, runtime_ns_max / bytes_done, val);
1240 }
1241 fflush(stdout);
1242 }
1243 if (!last_task)
1244 continue;
1245
1246 timersub(&stop, &start0, &diff);
1247 runtime_ns_max = diff.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC;
1248 runtime_ns_max += diff.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
1249
1250 show_summary(runtime_ns_max, l, &convergence);
1251 }
1252
1253 gettimeofday(&stop, NULL);
1254 timersub(&stop, &start0, &diff);
1255 td->runtime_ns = diff.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC;
1256 td->runtime_ns += diff.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
1257 td->speed_gbs = bytes_done / (td->runtime_ns / NSEC_PER_SEC) / 1e9;
1258
1259 getrusage(RUSAGE_THREAD, &rusage);
1260 td->system_time_ns = rusage.ru_stime.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC;
1261 td->system_time_ns += rusage.ru_stime.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
1262 td->user_time_ns = rusage.ru_utime.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC;
1263 td->user_time_ns += rusage.ru_utime.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
1264
1265 free_data(thread_data, g->p.bytes_thread);
1266
1267 pthread_mutex_lock(&g->stop_work_mutex);
1268 g->bytes_done += bytes_done;
1269 pthread_mutex_unlock(&g->stop_work_mutex);
1270
1271 return NULL;
1272}
1273
1274/*
1275 * A worker process starts a couple of threads:
1276 */
1277static void worker_process(int process_nr)
1278{
1279 pthread_mutex_t process_lock;
1280 struct thread_data *td;
1281 pthread_t *pthreads;
1282 u8 *process_data;
1283 int task_nr;
1284 int ret;
1285 int t;
1286
1287 pthread_mutex_init(&process_lock, NULL);
1288 set_taskname("process %d", process_nr);
1289
1290 /*
1291 * Pick up the memory policy and the CPU binding of our first thread,
1292 * so that we initialize memory accordingly:
1293 */
1294 task_nr = process_nr*g->p.nr_threads;
1295 td = g->threads + task_nr;
1296
1297 bind_to_memnode(td->bind_node);
1298 bind_to_cpumask(td->bind_cpumask);
1299
1300 pthreads = zalloc(g->p.nr_threads * sizeof(pthread_t));
1301 process_data = setup_private_data(g->p.bytes_process);
1302
1303 if (g->p.show_details >= 3) {
1304 printf(" # process %2d global mem: %p, process mem: %p\n",
1305 process_nr, g->data, process_data);
1306 }
1307
1308 for (t = 0; t < g->p.nr_threads; t++) {
1309 task_nr = process_nr*g->p.nr_threads + t;
1310 td = g->threads + task_nr;
1311
1312 td->process_data = process_data;
1313 td->process_nr = process_nr;
1314 td->thread_nr = t;
1315 td->task_nr = task_nr;
1316 td->val = rand();
1317 td->curr_cpu = -1;
1318 td->process_lock = &process_lock;
1319
1320 ret = pthread_create(pthreads + t, NULL, worker_thread, td);
1321 BUG_ON(ret);
1322 }
1323
1324 for (t = 0; t < g->p.nr_threads; t++) {
1325 ret = pthread_join(pthreads[t], NULL);
1326 BUG_ON(ret);
1327 }
1328
1329 free_data(process_data, g->p.bytes_process);
1330 free(pthreads);
1331}
1332
1333static void print_summary(void)
1334{
1335 if (g->p.show_details < 0)
1336 return;
1337
1338 printf("\n ###\n");
1339 printf(" # %d %s will execute (on %d nodes, %d CPUs):\n",
1340 g->p.nr_tasks, g->p.nr_tasks == 1 ? "task" : "tasks", nr_numa_nodes(), g->p.nr_cpus);
1341 printf(" # %5dx %5ldMB global shared mem operations\n",
1342 g->p.nr_loops, g->p.bytes_global/1024/1024);
1343 printf(" # %5dx %5ldMB process shared mem operations\n",
1344 g->p.nr_loops, g->p.bytes_process/1024/1024);
1345 printf(" # %5dx %5ldMB thread local mem operations\n",
1346 g->p.nr_loops, g->p.bytes_thread/1024/1024);
1347
1348 printf(" ###\n");
1349
1350 printf("\n ###\n"); fflush(stdout);
1351}
1352
1353static void init_thread_data(void)
1354{
1355 ssize_t size = sizeof(*g->threads)*g->p.nr_tasks;
1356 int t;
1357
1358 g->threads = zalloc_shared_data(size);
1359
1360 for (t = 0; t < g->p.nr_tasks; t++) {
1361 struct thread_data *td = g->threads + t;
1362 int cpu;
1363
1364 /* Allow all nodes by default: */
1365 td->bind_node = -1;
1366
1367 /* Allow all CPUs by default: */
1368 CPU_ZERO(&td->bind_cpumask);
1369 for (cpu = 0; cpu < g->p.nr_cpus; cpu++)
1370 CPU_SET(cpu, &td->bind_cpumask);
1371 }
1372}
1373
1374static void deinit_thread_data(void)
1375{
1376 ssize_t size = sizeof(*g->threads)*g->p.nr_tasks;
1377
1378 free_data(g->threads, size);
1379}
1380
1381static int init(void)
1382{
1383 g = (void *)alloc_data(sizeof(*g), MAP_SHARED, 1, 0, 0 /* THP */, 0);
1384
1385 /* Copy over options: */
1386 g->p = p0;
1387
1388 g->p.nr_cpus = numa_num_configured_cpus();
1389
1390 g->p.nr_nodes = numa_max_node() + 1;
1391
1392 /* char array in count_process_nodes(): */
1393 BUG_ON(g->p.nr_nodes > MAX_NR_NODES || g->p.nr_nodes < 0);
1394
1395 if (g->p.show_quiet && !g->p.show_details)
1396 g->p.show_details = -1;
1397
1398 /* Some memory should be specified: */
1399 if (!g->p.mb_global_str && !g->p.mb_proc_str && !g->p.mb_thread_str)
1400 return -1;
1401
1402 if (g->p.mb_global_str) {
1403 g->p.mb_global = atof(g->p.mb_global_str);
1404 BUG_ON(g->p.mb_global < 0);
1405 }
1406
1407 if (g->p.mb_proc_str) {
1408 g->p.mb_proc = atof(g->p.mb_proc_str);
1409 BUG_ON(g->p.mb_proc < 0);
1410 }
1411
1412 if (g->p.mb_proc_locked_str) {
1413 g->p.mb_proc_locked = atof(g->p.mb_proc_locked_str);
1414 BUG_ON(g->p.mb_proc_locked < 0);
1415 BUG_ON(g->p.mb_proc_locked > g->p.mb_proc);
1416 }
1417
1418 if (g->p.mb_thread_str) {
1419 g->p.mb_thread = atof(g->p.mb_thread_str);
1420 BUG_ON(g->p.mb_thread < 0);
1421 }
1422
1423 BUG_ON(g->p.nr_threads <= 0);
1424 BUG_ON(g->p.nr_proc <= 0);
1425
1426 g->p.nr_tasks = g->p.nr_proc*g->p.nr_threads;
1427
1428 g->p.bytes_global = g->p.mb_global *1024L*1024L;
1429 g->p.bytes_process = g->p.mb_proc *1024L*1024L;
1430 g->p.bytes_process_locked = g->p.mb_proc_locked *1024L*1024L;
1431 g->p.bytes_thread = g->p.mb_thread *1024L*1024L;
1432
1433 g->data = setup_shared_data(g->p.bytes_global);
1434
1435 /* Startup serialization: */
1436 init_global_mutex(&g->start_work_mutex);
1437 init_global_mutex(&g->startup_mutex);
1438 init_global_mutex(&g->startup_done_mutex);
1439 init_global_mutex(&g->stop_work_mutex);
1440
1441 init_thread_data();
1442
1443 tprintf("#\n");
1444 if (parse_setup_cpu_list() || parse_setup_node_list())
1445 return -1;
1446 tprintf("#\n");
1447
1448 print_summary();
1449
1450 return 0;
1451}
1452
1453static void deinit(void)
1454{
1455 free_data(g->data, g->p.bytes_global);
1456 g->data = NULL;
1457
1458 deinit_thread_data();
1459
1460 free_data(g, sizeof(*g));
1461 g = NULL;
1462}
1463
1464/*
1465 * Print a short or long result, depending on the verbosity setting:
1466 */
1467static void print_res(const char *name, double val,
1468 const char *txt_unit, const char *txt_short, const char *txt_long)
1469{
1470 if (!name)
1471 name = "main,";
1472
1473 if (!g->p.show_quiet)
1474 printf(" %-30s %15.3f, %-15s %s\n", name, val, txt_unit, txt_short);
1475 else
1476 printf(" %14.3f %s\n", val, txt_long);
1477}
1478
1479static int __bench_numa(const char *name)
1480{
1481 struct timeval start, stop, diff;
1482 u64 runtime_ns_min, runtime_ns_sum;
1483 pid_t *pids, pid, wpid;
1484 double delta_runtime;
1485 double runtime_avg;
1486 double runtime_sec_max;
1487 double runtime_sec_min;
1488 int wait_stat;
1489 double bytes;
1490 int i, t, p;
1491
1492 if (init())
1493 return -1;
1494
1495 pids = zalloc(g->p.nr_proc * sizeof(*pids));
1496 pid = -1;
1497
1498 /* All threads try to acquire it, this way we can wait for them to start up: */
1499 pthread_mutex_lock(&g->start_work_mutex);
1500
1501 if (g->p.serialize_startup) {
1502 tprintf(" #\n");
1503 tprintf(" # Startup synchronization: ..."); fflush(stdout);
1504 }
1505
1506 gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
1507
1508 for (i = 0; i < g->p.nr_proc; i++) {
1509 pid = fork();
1510 dprintf(" # process %2d: PID %d\n", i, pid);
1511
1512 BUG_ON(pid < 0);
1513 if (!pid) {
1514 /* Child process: */
1515 worker_process(i);
1516
1517 exit(0);
1518 }
1519 pids[i] = pid;
1520
1521 }
1522 /* Wait for all the threads to start up: */
1523 while (g->nr_tasks_started != g->p.nr_tasks)
1524 usleep(USEC_PER_MSEC);
1525
1526 BUG_ON(g->nr_tasks_started != g->p.nr_tasks);
1527
1528 if (g->p.serialize_startup) {
1529 double startup_sec;
1530
1531 pthread_mutex_lock(&g->startup_done_mutex);
1532
1533 /* This will start all threads: */
1534 pthread_mutex_unlock(&g->start_work_mutex);
1535
1536 /* This mutex is locked - the last started thread will wake us: */
1537 pthread_mutex_lock(&g->startup_done_mutex);
1538
1539 gettimeofday(&stop, NULL);
1540
1541 timersub(&stop, &start, &diff);
1542
1543 startup_sec = diff.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC;
1544 startup_sec += diff.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
1545 startup_sec /= NSEC_PER_SEC;
1546
1547 tprintf(" threads initialized in %.6f seconds.\n", startup_sec);
1548 tprintf(" #\n");
1549
1550 start = stop;
1551 pthread_mutex_unlock(&g->startup_done_mutex);
1552 } else {
1553 gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
1554 }
1555
1556 /* Parent process: */
1557
1558
1559 for (i = 0; i < g->p.nr_proc; i++) {
1560 wpid = waitpid(pids[i], &wait_stat, 0);
1561 BUG_ON(wpid < 0);
1562 BUG_ON(!WIFEXITED(wait_stat));
1563
1564 }
1565
1566 runtime_ns_sum = 0;
1567 runtime_ns_min = -1LL;
1568
1569 for (t = 0; t < g->p.nr_tasks; t++) {
1570 u64 thread_runtime_ns = g->threads[t].runtime_ns;
1571
1572 runtime_ns_sum += thread_runtime_ns;
1573 runtime_ns_min = min(thread_runtime_ns, runtime_ns_min);
1574 }
1575
1576 gettimeofday(&stop, NULL);
1577 timersub(&stop, &start, &diff);
1578
1579 BUG_ON(bench_format != BENCH_FORMAT_DEFAULT);
1580
1581 tprintf("\n ###\n");
1582 tprintf("\n");
1583
1584 runtime_sec_max = diff.tv_sec * NSEC_PER_SEC;
1585 runtime_sec_max += diff.tv_usec * NSEC_PER_USEC;
1586 runtime_sec_max /= NSEC_PER_SEC;
1587
1588 runtime_sec_min = runtime_ns_min / NSEC_PER_SEC;
1589
1590 bytes = g->bytes_done;
1591 runtime_avg = (double)runtime_ns_sum / g->p.nr_tasks / NSEC_PER_SEC;
1592
1593 if (g->p.measure_convergence) {
1594 print_res(name, runtime_sec_max,
1595 "secs,", "NUMA-convergence-latency", "secs latency to NUMA-converge");
1596 }
1597
1598 print_res(name, runtime_sec_max,
1599 "secs,", "runtime-max/thread", "secs slowest (max) thread-runtime");
1600
1601 print_res(name, runtime_sec_min,
1602 "secs,", "runtime-min/thread", "secs fastest (min) thread-runtime");
1603
1604 print_res(name, runtime_avg,
1605 "secs,", "runtime-avg/thread", "secs average thread-runtime");
1606
1607 delta_runtime = (runtime_sec_max - runtime_sec_min)/2.0;
1608 print_res(name, delta_runtime / runtime_sec_max * 100.0,
1609 "%,", "spread-runtime/thread", "% difference between max/avg runtime");
1610
1611 print_res(name, bytes / g->p.nr_tasks / 1e9,
1612 "GB,", "data/thread", "GB data processed, per thread");
1613
1614 print_res(name, bytes / 1e9,
1615 "GB,", "data-total", "GB data processed, total");
1616
1617 print_res(name, runtime_sec_max * NSEC_PER_SEC / (bytes / g->p.nr_tasks),
1618 "nsecs,", "runtime/byte/thread","nsecs/byte/thread runtime");
1619
1620 print_res(name, bytes / g->p.nr_tasks / 1e9 / runtime_sec_max,
1621 "GB/sec,", "thread-speed", "GB/sec/thread speed");
1622
1623 print_res(name, bytes / runtime_sec_max / 1e9,
1624 "GB/sec,", "total-speed", "GB/sec total speed");
1625
1626 if (g->p.show_details >= 2) {
1627 char tname[14 + 2 * 10 + 1];
1628 struct thread_data *td;
1629 for (p = 0; p < g->p.nr_proc; p++) {
1630 for (t = 0; t < g->p.nr_threads; t++) {
1631 memset(tname, 0, sizeof(tname));
1632 td = g->threads + p*g->p.nr_threads + t;
1633 snprintf(tname, sizeof(tname), "process%d:thread%d", p, t);
1634 print_res(tname, td->speed_gbs,
1635 "GB/sec", "thread-speed", "GB/sec/thread speed");
1636 print_res(tname, td->system_time_ns / NSEC_PER_SEC,
1637 "secs", "thread-system-time", "system CPU time/thread");
1638 print_res(tname, td->user_time_ns / NSEC_PER_SEC,
1639 "secs", "thread-user-time", "user CPU time/thread");
1640 }
1641 }
1642 }
1643
1644 free(pids);
1645
1646 deinit();
1647
1648 return 0;
1649}
1650
1651#define MAX_ARGS 50
1652
1653static int command_size(const char **argv)
1654{
1655 int size = 0;
1656
1657 while (*argv) {
1658 size++;
1659 argv++;
1660 }
1661
1662 BUG_ON(size >= MAX_ARGS);
1663
1664 return size;
1665}
1666
1667static void init_params(struct params *p, const char *name, int argc, const char **argv)
1668{
1669 int i;
1670
1671 printf("\n # Running %s \"perf bench numa", name);
1672
1673 for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
1674 printf(" %s", argv[i]);
1675
1676 printf("\"\n");
1677
1678 memset(p, 0, sizeof(*p));
1679
1680 /* Initialize nonzero defaults: */
1681
1682 p->serialize_startup = 1;
1683 p->data_reads = true;
1684 p->data_writes = true;
1685 p->data_backwards = true;
1686 p->data_rand_walk = true;
1687 p->nr_loops = -1;
1688 p->init_random = true;
1689 p->mb_global_str = "1";
1690 p->nr_proc = 1;
1691 p->nr_threads = 1;
1692 p->nr_secs = 5;
1693 p->run_all = argc == 1;
1694}
1695
1696static int run_bench_numa(const char *name, const char **argv)
1697{
1698 int argc = command_size(argv);
1699
1700 init_params(&p0, name, argc, argv);
1701 argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, bench_numa_usage, 0);
1702 if (argc)
1703 goto err;
1704
1705 if (__bench_numa(name))
1706 goto err;
1707
1708 return 0;
1709
1710err:
1711 return -1;
1712}
1713
1714#define OPT_BW_RAM "-s", "20", "-zZq", "--thp", " 1", "--no-data_rand_walk"
1715#define OPT_BW_RAM_NOTHP OPT_BW_RAM, "--thp", "-1"
1716
1717#define OPT_CONV "-s", "100", "-zZ0qcm", "--thp", " 1"
1718#define OPT_CONV_NOTHP OPT_CONV, "--thp", "-1"
1719
1720#define OPT_BW "-s", "20", "-zZ0q", "--thp", " 1"
1721#define OPT_BW_NOTHP OPT_BW, "--thp", "-1"
1722
1723/*
1724 * The built-in test-suite executed by "perf bench numa -a".
1725 *
1726 * (A minimum of 4 nodes and 16 GB of RAM is recommended.)
1727 */
1728static const char *tests[][MAX_ARGS] = {
1729 /* Basic single-stream NUMA bandwidth measurements: */
1730 { "RAM-bw-local,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024",
1731 "-C" , "0", "-M", "0", OPT_BW_RAM },
1732 { "RAM-bw-local-NOTHP,",
1733 "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024",
1734 "-C" , "0", "-M", "0", OPT_BW_RAM_NOTHP },
1735 { "RAM-bw-remote,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024",
1736 "-C" , "0", "-M", "1", OPT_BW_RAM },
1737
1738 /* 2-stream NUMA bandwidth measurements: */
1739 { "RAM-bw-local-2x,", "mem", "-p", "2", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024",
1740 "-C", "0,2", "-M", "0x2", OPT_BW_RAM },
1741 { "RAM-bw-remote-2x,", "mem", "-p", "2", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024",
1742 "-C", "0,2", "-M", "1x2", OPT_BW_RAM },
1743
1744 /* Cross-stream NUMA bandwidth measurement: */
1745 { "RAM-bw-cross,", "mem", "-p", "2", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024",
1746 "-C", "0,8", "-M", "1,0", OPT_BW_RAM },
1747
1748 /* Convergence latency measurements: */
1749 { " 1x3-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "3", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV },
1750 { " 1x4-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "4", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV },
1751 { " 1x6-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "6", "-P", "1020", OPT_CONV },
1752 { " 2x3-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "3", "-t", "3", "-P", "1020", OPT_CONV },
1753 { " 3x3-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "3", "-t", "3", "-P", "1020", OPT_CONV },
1754 { " 4x4-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "4", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV },
1755 { " 4x4-convergence-NOTHP,",
1756 "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "4", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV_NOTHP },
1757 { " 4x6-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "6", "-P", "1020", OPT_CONV },
1758 { " 4x8-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "8", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV },
1759 { " 8x4-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "8", "-t", "4", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV },
1760 { " 8x4-convergence-NOTHP,",
1761 "mem", "-p", "8", "-t", "4", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV_NOTHP },
1762 { " 3x1-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "3", "-t", "1", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV },
1763 { " 4x1-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "1", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV },
1764 { " 8x1-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "8", "-t", "1", "-P", "512", OPT_CONV },
1765 { "16x1-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "16", "-t", "1", "-P", "256", OPT_CONV },
1766 { "32x1-convergence,", "mem", "-p", "32", "-t", "1", "-P", "128", OPT_CONV },
1767
1768 /* Various NUMA process/thread layout bandwidth measurements: */
1769 { " 2x1-bw-process,", "mem", "-p", "2", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024", OPT_BW },
1770 { " 3x1-bw-process,", "mem", "-p", "3", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024", OPT_BW },
1771 { " 4x1-bw-process,", "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "1", "-P", "1024", OPT_BW },
1772 { " 8x1-bw-process,", "mem", "-p", "8", "-t", "1", "-P", " 512", OPT_BW },
1773 { " 8x1-bw-process-NOTHP,",
1774 "mem", "-p", "8", "-t", "1", "-P", " 512", OPT_BW_NOTHP },
1775 { "16x1-bw-process,", "mem", "-p", "16", "-t", "1", "-P", "256", OPT_BW },
1776
1777 { " 4x1-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "4", "-T", "256", OPT_BW },
1778 { " 8x1-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "8", "-T", "256", OPT_BW },
1779 { "16x1-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "16", "-T", "128", OPT_BW },
1780 { "32x1-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "32", "-T", "64", OPT_BW },
1781
1782 { " 2x3-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "2", "-t", "3", "-P", "512", OPT_BW },
1783 { " 4x4-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "4", "-P", "512", OPT_BW },
1784 { " 4x6-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "6", "-P", "512", OPT_BW },
1785 { " 4x8-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "8", "-P", "512", OPT_BW },
1786 { " 4x8-bw-thread-NOTHP,",
1787 "mem", "-p", "4", "-t", "8", "-P", "512", OPT_BW_NOTHP },
1788 { " 3x3-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "3", "-t", "3", "-P", "512", OPT_BW },
1789 { " 5x5-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "5", "-t", "5", "-P", "512", OPT_BW },
1790
1791 { "2x16-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "2", "-t", "16", "-P", "512", OPT_BW },
1792 { "1x32-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "32", "-P", "2048", OPT_BW },
1793
1794 { "numa02-bw,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "32", "-T", "32", OPT_BW },
1795 { "numa02-bw-NOTHP,", "mem", "-p", "1", "-t", "32", "-T", "32", OPT_BW_NOTHP },
1796 { "numa01-bw-thread,", "mem", "-p", "2", "-t", "16", "-T", "192", OPT_BW },
1797 { "numa01-bw-thread-NOTHP,",
1798 "mem", "-p", "2", "-t", "16", "-T", "192", OPT_BW_NOTHP },
1799};
1800
1801static int bench_all(void)
1802{
1803 int nr = ARRAY_SIZE(tests);
1804 int ret;
1805 int i;
1806
1807 ret = system("echo ' #'; echo ' # Running test on: '$(uname -a); echo ' #'");
1808 BUG_ON(ret < 0);
1809
1810 for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
1811 run_bench_numa(tests[i][0], tests[i] + 1);
1812 }
1813
1814 printf("\n");
1815
1816 return 0;
1817}
1818
1819int bench_numa(int argc, const char **argv)
1820{
1821 init_params(&p0, "main,", argc, argv);
1822 argc = parse_options(argc, argv, options, bench_numa_usage, 0);
1823 if (argc)
1824 goto err;
1825
1826 if (p0.run_all)
1827 return bench_all();
1828
1829 if (__bench_numa(NULL))
1830 goto err;
1831
1832 return 0;
1833
1834err:
1835 usage_with_options(numa_usage, options);
1836 return -1;
1837}