Linux Audio

Check our new training course

Loading...
v3.5.6
 
   1/*
   2 *  linux/fs/ext4/ialloc.c
   3 *
   4 * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
   5 * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
   6 * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
   7 * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
   8 *
   9 *  BSD ufs-inspired inode and directory allocation by
  10 *  Stephen Tweedie (sct@redhat.com), 1993
  11 *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
  12 *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
  13 */
  14
  15#include <linux/time.h>
  16#include <linux/fs.h>
  17#include <linux/jbd2.h>
  18#include <linux/stat.h>
  19#include <linux/string.h>
  20#include <linux/quotaops.h>
  21#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
  22#include <linux/random.h>
  23#include <linux/bitops.h>
  24#include <linux/blkdev.h>
 
 
  25#include <asm/byteorder.h>
  26
  27#include "ext4.h"
  28#include "ext4_jbd2.h"
  29#include "xattr.h"
  30#include "acl.h"
  31
  32#include <trace/events/ext4.h>
  33
  34/*
  35 * ialloc.c contains the inodes allocation and deallocation routines
  36 */
  37
  38/*
  39 * The free inodes are managed by bitmaps.  A file system contains several
  40 * blocks groups.  Each group contains 1 bitmap block for blocks, 1 bitmap
  41 * block for inodes, N blocks for the inode table and data blocks.
  42 *
  43 * The file system contains group descriptors which are located after the
  44 * super block.  Each descriptor contains the number of the bitmap block and
  45 * the free blocks count in the block.
  46 */
  47
  48/*
  49 * To avoid calling the atomic setbit hundreds or thousands of times, we only
  50 * need to use it within a single byte (to ensure we get endianness right).
  51 * We can use memset for the rest of the bitmap as there are no other users.
  52 */
  53void ext4_mark_bitmap_end(int start_bit, int end_bit, char *bitmap)
  54{
  55	int i;
  56
  57	if (start_bit >= end_bit)
  58		return;
  59
  60	ext4_debug("mark end bits +%d through +%d used\n", start_bit, end_bit);
  61	for (i = start_bit; i < ((start_bit + 7) & ~7UL); i++)
  62		ext4_set_bit(i, bitmap);
  63	if (i < end_bit)
  64		memset(bitmap + (i >> 3), 0xff, (end_bit - i) >> 3);
  65}
  66
  67/* Initializes an uninitialized inode bitmap */
  68static unsigned ext4_init_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
  69				       struct buffer_head *bh,
  70				       ext4_group_t block_group,
  71				       struct ext4_group_desc *gdp)
  72{
  73	J_ASSERT_BH(bh, buffer_locked(bh));
  74
  75	/* If checksum is bad mark all blocks and inodes use to prevent
  76	 * allocation, essentially implementing a per-group read-only flag. */
  77	if (!ext4_group_desc_csum_verify(sb, block_group, gdp)) {
  78		ext4_error(sb, "Checksum bad for group %u", block_group);
  79		ext4_free_group_clusters_set(sb, gdp, 0);
  80		ext4_free_inodes_set(sb, gdp, 0);
  81		ext4_itable_unused_set(sb, gdp, 0);
  82		memset(bh->b_data, 0xff, sb->s_blocksize);
  83		ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_set(sb, block_group, gdp, bh,
  84					   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
  85		return 0;
  86	}
  87
  88	memset(bh->b_data, 0, (EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) + 7) / 8);
  89	ext4_mark_bitmap_end(EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb), sb->s_blocksize * 8,
  90			bh->b_data);
  91	ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_set(sb, block_group, gdp, bh,
  92				   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
  93	ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, block_group, gdp);
  94
  95	return EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
  96}
  97
  98void ext4_end_bitmap_read(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate)
  99{
 100	if (uptodate) {
 101		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
 102		set_bitmap_uptodate(bh);
 103	}
 104	unlock_buffer(bh);
 105	put_bh(bh);
 106}
 107
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 108/*
 109 * Read the inode allocation bitmap for a given block_group, reading
 110 * into the specified slot in the superblock's bitmap cache.
 111 *
 112 * Return buffer_head of bitmap on success or NULL.
 113 */
 114static struct buffer_head *
 115ext4_read_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 116{
 117	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 
 118	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
 119	ext4_fsblk_t bitmap_blk;
 
 120
 121	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL);
 122	if (!desc)
 123		return NULL;
 124
 125	bitmap_blk = ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, desc);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 126	bh = sb_getblk(sb, bitmap_blk);
 127	if (unlikely(!bh)) {
 128		ext4_error(sb, "Cannot read inode bitmap - "
 129			    "block_group = %u, inode_bitmap = %llu",
 130			    block_group, bitmap_blk);
 131		return NULL;
 132	}
 133	if (bitmap_uptodate(bh))
 134		goto verify;
 135
 136	lock_buffer(bh);
 137	if (bitmap_uptodate(bh)) {
 138		unlock_buffer(bh);
 139		goto verify;
 140	}
 141
 142	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
 143	if (desc->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT)) {
 144		ext4_init_inode_bitmap(sb, bh, block_group, desc);
 
 
 145		set_bitmap_uptodate(bh);
 146		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
 147		set_buffer_verified(bh);
 148		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 149		unlock_buffer(bh);
 150		return bh;
 151	}
 152	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 153
 154	if (buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
 155		/*
 156		 * if not uninit if bh is uptodate,
 157		 * bitmap is also uptodate
 158		 */
 159		set_bitmap_uptodate(bh);
 160		unlock_buffer(bh);
 161		goto verify;
 162	}
 163	/*
 164	 * submit the buffer_head for reading
 165	 */
 166	trace_ext4_load_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
 167	bh->b_end_io = ext4_end_bitmap_read;
 168	get_bh(bh);
 169	submit_bh(READ, bh);
 170	wait_on_buffer(bh);
 171	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
 172		put_bh(bh);
 173		ext4_error(sb, "Cannot read inode bitmap - "
 174			   "block_group = %u, inode_bitmap = %llu",
 175			   block_group, bitmap_blk);
 176		return NULL;
 177	}
 178
 179verify:
 180	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
 181	if (!buffer_verified(bh) &&
 182	    !ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_verify(sb, block_group, desc, bh,
 183					   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8)) {
 184		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 185		put_bh(bh);
 186		ext4_error(sb, "Corrupt inode bitmap - block_group = %u, "
 187			   "inode_bitmap = %llu", block_group, bitmap_blk);
 188		return NULL;
 189	}
 190	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 191	set_buffer_verified(bh);
 192	return bh;
 
 
 
 193}
 194
 195/*
 196 * NOTE! When we get the inode, we're the only people
 197 * that have access to it, and as such there are no
 198 * race conditions we have to worry about. The inode
 199 * is not on the hash-lists, and it cannot be reached
 200 * through the filesystem because the directory entry
 201 * has been deleted earlier.
 202 *
 203 * HOWEVER: we must make sure that we get no aliases,
 204 * which means that we have to call "clear_inode()"
 205 * _before_ we mark the inode not in use in the inode
 206 * bitmaps. Otherwise a newly created file might use
 207 * the same inode number (not actually the same pointer
 208 * though), and then we'd have two inodes sharing the
 209 * same inode number and space on the harddisk.
 210 */
 211void ext4_free_inode(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
 212{
 213	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
 214	int is_directory;
 215	unsigned long ino;
 216	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
 217	struct buffer_head *bh2;
 218	ext4_group_t block_group;
 219	unsigned long bit;
 220	struct ext4_group_desc *gdp;
 221	struct ext4_super_block *es;
 222	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi;
 223	int fatal = 0, err, count, cleared;
 
 224
 225	if (!sb) {
 226		printk(KERN_ERR "EXT4-fs: %s:%d: inode on "
 227		       "nonexistent device\n", __func__, __LINE__);
 228		return;
 229	}
 230	if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count) > 1) {
 231		ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "%s:%d: inode #%lu: count=%d",
 232			 __func__, __LINE__, inode->i_ino,
 233			 atomic_read(&inode->i_count));
 234		return;
 235	}
 236	if (inode->i_nlink) {
 237		ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "%s:%d: inode #%lu: nlink=%d\n",
 238			 __func__, __LINE__, inode->i_ino, inode->i_nlink);
 239		return;
 240	}
 241	sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 242
 243	ino = inode->i_ino;
 244	ext4_debug("freeing inode %lu\n", ino);
 245	trace_ext4_free_inode(inode);
 246
 247	/*
 248	 * Note: we must free any quota before locking the superblock,
 249	 * as writing the quota to disk may need the lock as well.
 250	 */
 251	dquot_initialize(inode);
 252	ext4_xattr_delete_inode(handle, inode);
 253	dquot_free_inode(inode);
 254	dquot_drop(inode);
 255
 256	is_directory = S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode);
 257
 258	/* Do this BEFORE marking the inode not in use or returning an error */
 259	ext4_clear_inode(inode);
 260
 261	es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es;
 262	if (ino < EXT4_FIRST_INO(sb) || ino > le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count)) {
 263		ext4_error(sb, "reserved or nonexistent inode %lu", ino);
 264		goto error_return;
 265	}
 266	block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 267	bit = (ino - 1) % EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 268	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
 269	if (!bitmap_bh)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 270		goto error_return;
 
 271
 272	BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "get_write_access");
 273	fatal = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bitmap_bh);
 274	if (fatal)
 275		goto error_return;
 276
 277	fatal = -ESRCH;
 278	gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, &bh2);
 279	if (gdp) {
 280		BUFFER_TRACE(bh2, "get_write_access");
 281		fatal = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh2);
 282	}
 283	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
 284	cleared = ext4_test_and_clear_bit(bit, bitmap_bh->b_data);
 285	if (fatal || !cleared) {
 286		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 287		goto out;
 288	}
 289
 290	count = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp) + 1;
 291	ext4_free_inodes_set(sb, gdp, count);
 292	if (is_directory) {
 293		count = ext4_used_dirs_count(sb, gdp) - 1;
 294		ext4_used_dirs_set(sb, gdp, count);
 295		percpu_counter_dec(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
 296	}
 297	ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_set(sb, block_group, gdp, bitmap_bh,
 298				   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
 299	ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, block_group, gdp);
 300	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 301
 302	percpu_counter_inc(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
 303	if (sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) {
 304		ext4_group_t f = ext4_flex_group(sbi, block_group);
 305
 306		atomic_inc(&sbi->s_flex_groups[f].free_inodes);
 307		if (is_directory)
 308			atomic_dec(&sbi->s_flex_groups[f].used_dirs);
 309	}
 310	BUFFER_TRACE(bh2, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
 311	fatal = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, bh2);
 312out:
 313	if (cleared) {
 314		BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
 315		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, bitmap_bh);
 316		if (!fatal)
 317			fatal = err;
 318		ext4_mark_super_dirty(sb);
 319	} else
 320		ext4_error(sb, "bit already cleared for inode %lu", ino);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 321
 322error_return:
 323	brelse(bitmap_bh);
 324	ext4_std_error(sb, fatal);
 325}
 326
 327struct orlov_stats {
 
 328	__u32 free_inodes;
 329	__u32 free_clusters;
 330	__u32 used_dirs;
 331};
 332
 333/*
 334 * Helper function for Orlov's allocator; returns critical information
 335 * for a particular block group or flex_bg.  If flex_size is 1, then g
 336 * is a block group number; otherwise it is flex_bg number.
 337 */
 338static void get_orlov_stats(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t g,
 339			    int flex_size, struct orlov_stats *stats)
 340{
 341	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 342	struct flex_groups *flex_group = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_flex_groups;
 343
 344	if (flex_size > 1) {
 345		stats->free_inodes = atomic_read(&flex_group[g].free_inodes);
 346		stats->free_clusters = atomic_read(&flex_group[g].free_clusters);
 347		stats->used_dirs = atomic_read(&flex_group[g].used_dirs);
 348		return;
 349	}
 350
 351	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, g, NULL);
 352	if (desc) {
 353		stats->free_inodes = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc);
 354		stats->free_clusters = ext4_free_group_clusters(sb, desc);
 355		stats->used_dirs = ext4_used_dirs_count(sb, desc);
 356	} else {
 357		stats->free_inodes = 0;
 358		stats->free_clusters = 0;
 359		stats->used_dirs = 0;
 360	}
 361}
 362
 363/*
 364 * Orlov's allocator for directories.
 365 *
 366 * We always try to spread first-level directories.
 367 *
 368 * If there are blockgroups with both free inodes and free blocks counts
 369 * not worse than average we return one with smallest directory count.
 370 * Otherwise we simply return a random group.
 371 *
 372 * For the rest rules look so:
 373 *
 374 * It's OK to put directory into a group unless
 375 * it has too many directories already (max_dirs) or
 376 * it has too few free inodes left (min_inodes) or
 377 * it has too few free blocks left (min_blocks) or
 378 * Parent's group is preferred, if it doesn't satisfy these
 379 * conditions we search cyclically through the rest. If none
 380 * of the groups look good we just look for a group with more
 381 * free inodes than average (starting at parent's group).
 382 */
 383
 384static int find_group_orlov(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *parent,
 385			    ext4_group_t *group, umode_t mode,
 386			    const struct qstr *qstr)
 387{
 388	ext4_group_t parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_block_group;
 389	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 390	ext4_group_t real_ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
 391	int inodes_per_group = EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 392	unsigned int freei, avefreei, grp_free;
 393	ext4_fsblk_t freeb, avefreec;
 394	unsigned int ndirs;
 395	int max_dirs, min_inodes;
 396	ext4_grpblk_t min_clusters;
 397	ext4_group_t i, grp, g, ngroups;
 398	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 399	struct orlov_stats stats;
 400	int flex_size = ext4_flex_bg_size(sbi);
 401	struct dx_hash_info hinfo;
 402
 403	ngroups = real_ngroups;
 404	if (flex_size > 1) {
 405		ngroups = (real_ngroups + flex_size - 1) >>
 406			sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex;
 407		parent_group >>= sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex;
 408	}
 409
 410	freei = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
 411	avefreei = freei / ngroups;
 412	freeb = EXT4_C2B(sbi,
 413		percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_freeclusters_counter));
 414	avefreec = freeb;
 415	do_div(avefreec, ngroups);
 416	ndirs = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
 417
 418	if (S_ISDIR(mode) &&
 419	    ((parent == sb->s_root->d_inode) ||
 420	     (ext4_test_inode_flag(parent, EXT4_INODE_TOPDIR)))) {
 421		int best_ndir = inodes_per_group;
 422		int ret = -1;
 423
 424		if (qstr) {
 425			hinfo.hash_version = DX_HASH_HALF_MD4;
 426			hinfo.seed = sbi->s_hash_seed;
 427			ext4fs_dirhash(qstr->name, qstr->len, &hinfo);
 428			grp = hinfo.hash;
 429		} else
 430			get_random_bytes(&grp, sizeof(grp));
 431		parent_group = (unsigned)grp % ngroups;
 432		for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
 433			g = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
 434			get_orlov_stats(sb, g, flex_size, &stats);
 435			if (!stats.free_inodes)
 436				continue;
 437			if (stats.used_dirs >= best_ndir)
 438				continue;
 439			if (stats.free_inodes < avefreei)
 440				continue;
 441			if (stats.free_clusters < avefreec)
 442				continue;
 443			grp = g;
 444			ret = 0;
 445			best_ndir = stats.used_dirs;
 446		}
 447		if (ret)
 448			goto fallback;
 449	found_flex_bg:
 450		if (flex_size == 1) {
 451			*group = grp;
 452			return 0;
 453		}
 454
 455		/*
 456		 * We pack inodes at the beginning of the flexgroup's
 457		 * inode tables.  Block allocation decisions will do
 458		 * something similar, although regular files will
 459		 * start at 2nd block group of the flexgroup.  See
 460		 * ext4_ext_find_goal() and ext4_find_near().
 461		 */
 462		grp *= flex_size;
 463		for (i = 0; i < flex_size; i++) {
 464			if (grp+i >= real_ngroups)
 465				break;
 466			desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, grp+i, NULL);
 467			if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc)) {
 468				*group = grp+i;
 469				return 0;
 470			}
 471		}
 472		goto fallback;
 473	}
 474
 475	max_dirs = ndirs / ngroups + inodes_per_group / 16;
 476	min_inodes = avefreei - inodes_per_group*flex_size / 4;
 477	if (min_inodes < 1)
 478		min_inodes = 1;
 479	min_clusters = avefreec - EXT4_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(sb)*flex_size / 4;
 480
 481	/*
 482	 * Start looking in the flex group where we last allocated an
 483	 * inode for this parent directory
 484	 */
 485	if (EXT4_I(parent)->i_last_alloc_group != ~0) {
 486		parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_last_alloc_group;
 487		if (flex_size > 1)
 488			parent_group >>= sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex;
 489	}
 490
 491	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
 492		grp = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
 493		get_orlov_stats(sb, grp, flex_size, &stats);
 494		if (stats.used_dirs >= max_dirs)
 495			continue;
 496		if (stats.free_inodes < min_inodes)
 497			continue;
 498		if (stats.free_clusters < min_clusters)
 499			continue;
 500		goto found_flex_bg;
 501	}
 502
 503fallback:
 504	ngroups = real_ngroups;
 505	avefreei = freei / ngroups;
 506fallback_retry:
 507	parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_block_group;
 508	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
 509		grp = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
 510		desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, grp, NULL);
 511		if (desc) {
 512			grp_free = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc);
 513			if (grp_free && grp_free >= avefreei) {
 514				*group = grp;
 515				return 0;
 516			}
 517		}
 518	}
 519
 520	if (avefreei) {
 521		/*
 522		 * The free-inodes counter is approximate, and for really small
 523		 * filesystems the above test can fail to find any blockgroups
 524		 */
 525		avefreei = 0;
 526		goto fallback_retry;
 527	}
 528
 529	return -1;
 530}
 531
 532static int find_group_other(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *parent,
 533			    ext4_group_t *group, umode_t mode)
 534{
 535	ext4_group_t parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_block_group;
 536	ext4_group_t i, last, ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
 537	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 538	int flex_size = ext4_flex_bg_size(EXT4_SB(sb));
 539
 540	/*
 541	 * Try to place the inode is the same flex group as its
 542	 * parent.  If we can't find space, use the Orlov algorithm to
 543	 * find another flex group, and store that information in the
 544	 * parent directory's inode information so that use that flex
 545	 * group for future allocations.
 546	 */
 547	if (flex_size > 1) {
 548		int retry = 0;
 549
 550	try_again:
 551		parent_group &= ~(flex_size-1);
 552		last = parent_group + flex_size;
 553		if (last > ngroups)
 554			last = ngroups;
 555		for  (i = parent_group; i < last; i++) {
 556			desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
 557			if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc)) {
 558				*group = i;
 559				return 0;
 560			}
 561		}
 562		if (!retry && EXT4_I(parent)->i_last_alloc_group != ~0) {
 563			retry = 1;
 564			parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_last_alloc_group;
 565			goto try_again;
 566		}
 567		/*
 568		 * If this didn't work, use the Orlov search algorithm
 569		 * to find a new flex group; we pass in the mode to
 570		 * avoid the topdir algorithms.
 571		 */
 572		*group = parent_group + flex_size;
 573		if (*group > ngroups)
 574			*group = 0;
 575		return find_group_orlov(sb, parent, group, mode, NULL);
 576	}
 577
 578	/*
 579	 * Try to place the inode in its parent directory
 580	 */
 581	*group = parent_group;
 582	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, *group, NULL);
 583	if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc) &&
 584	    ext4_free_group_clusters(sb, desc))
 585		return 0;
 586
 587	/*
 588	 * We're going to place this inode in a different blockgroup from its
 589	 * parent.  We want to cause files in a common directory to all land in
 590	 * the same blockgroup.  But we want files which are in a different
 591	 * directory which shares a blockgroup with our parent to land in a
 592	 * different blockgroup.
 593	 *
 594	 * So add our directory's i_ino into the starting point for the hash.
 595	 */
 596	*group = (*group + parent->i_ino) % ngroups;
 597
 598	/*
 599	 * Use a quadratic hash to find a group with a free inode and some free
 600	 * blocks.
 601	 */
 602	for (i = 1; i < ngroups; i <<= 1) {
 603		*group += i;
 604		if (*group >= ngroups)
 605			*group -= ngroups;
 606		desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, *group, NULL);
 607		if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc) &&
 608		    ext4_free_group_clusters(sb, desc))
 609			return 0;
 610	}
 611
 612	/*
 613	 * That failed: try linear search for a free inode, even if that group
 614	 * has no free blocks.
 615	 */
 616	*group = parent_group;
 617	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
 618		if (++*group >= ngroups)
 619			*group = 0;
 620		desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, *group, NULL);
 621		if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc))
 622			return 0;
 623	}
 624
 625	return -1;
 626}
 627
 628/*
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 629 * There are two policies for allocating an inode.  If the new inode is
 630 * a directory, then a forward search is made for a block group with both
 631 * free space and a low directory-to-inode ratio; if that fails, then of
 632 * the groups with above-average free space, that group with the fewest
 633 * directories already is chosen.
 634 *
 635 * For other inodes, search forward from the parent directory's block
 636 * group to find a free inode.
 637 */
 638struct inode *ext4_new_inode(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir, umode_t mode,
 639			     const struct qstr *qstr, __u32 goal, uid_t *owner)
 
 
 
 640{
 641	struct super_block *sb;
 642	struct buffer_head *inode_bitmap_bh = NULL;
 643	struct buffer_head *group_desc_bh;
 644	ext4_group_t ngroups, group = 0;
 645	unsigned long ino = 0;
 646	struct inode *inode;
 647	struct ext4_group_desc *gdp = NULL;
 648	struct ext4_inode_info *ei;
 649	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi;
 650	int ret2, err = 0;
 651	struct inode *ret;
 652	ext4_group_t i;
 653	ext4_group_t flex_group;
 
 
 654
 655	/* Cannot create files in a deleted directory */
 656	if (!dir || !dir->i_nlink)
 657		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
 658
 659	sb = dir->i_sb;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 660	ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
 661	trace_ext4_request_inode(dir, mode);
 662	inode = new_inode(sb);
 663	if (!inode)
 664		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 665	ei = EXT4_I(inode);
 666	sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 667
 668	if (!goal)
 669		goal = sbi->s_inode_goal;
 670
 671	if (goal && goal <= le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_inodes_count)) {
 672		group = (goal - 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 673		ino = (goal - 1) % EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 674		ret2 = 0;
 675		goto got_group;
 676	}
 677
 678	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
 679		ret2 = find_group_orlov(sb, dir, &group, mode, qstr);
 680	else
 681		ret2 = find_group_other(sb, dir, &group, mode);
 682
 683got_group:
 684	EXT4_I(dir)->i_last_alloc_group = group;
 685	err = -ENOSPC;
 686	if (ret2 == -1)
 687		goto out;
 688
 689	/*
 690	 * Normally we will only go through one pass of this loop,
 691	 * unless we get unlucky and it turns out the group we selected
 692	 * had its last inode grabbed by someone else.
 693	 */
 694	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++, ino = 0) {
 695		err = -EIO;
 696
 697		gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, group, &group_desc_bh);
 698		if (!gdp)
 699			goto fail;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 700
 701		brelse(inode_bitmap_bh);
 702		inode_bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, group);
 703		if (!inode_bitmap_bh)
 704			goto fail;
 
 
 
 
 705
 706repeat_in_this_group:
 707		ino = ext4_find_next_zero_bit((unsigned long *)
 708					      inode_bitmap_bh->b_data,
 709					      EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb), ino);
 710		if (ino >= EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb)) {
 711			if (++group == ngroups)
 712				group = 0;
 713			continue;
 714		}
 715		if (group == 0 && (ino+1) < EXT4_FIRST_INO(sb)) {
 716			ext4_error(sb, "reserved inode found cleared - "
 717				   "inode=%lu", ino + 1);
 718			continue;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 719		}
 720		ext4_lock_group(sb, group);
 721		ret2 = ext4_test_and_set_bit(ino, inode_bitmap_bh->b_data);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 722		ext4_unlock_group(sb, group);
 723		ino++;		/* the inode bitmap is zero-based */
 724		if (!ret2)
 725			goto got; /* we grabbed the inode! */
 
 726		if (ino < EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb))
 727			goto repeat_in_this_group;
 
 
 
 728	}
 729	err = -ENOSPC;
 730	goto out;
 731
 732got:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 733	/* We may have to initialize the block bitmap if it isn't already */
 734	if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb) &&
 735	    gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) {
 736		struct buffer_head *block_bitmap_bh;
 737
 738		block_bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, group);
 
 
 
 
 739		BUFFER_TRACE(block_bitmap_bh, "get block bitmap access");
 740		err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, block_bitmap_bh);
 741		if (err) {
 742			brelse(block_bitmap_bh);
 743			goto fail;
 
 744		}
 745
 746		BUFFER_TRACE(block_bitmap_bh, "dirty block bitmap");
 747		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, block_bitmap_bh);
 748		brelse(block_bitmap_bh);
 749
 750		/* recheck and clear flag under lock if we still need to */
 751		ext4_lock_group(sb, group);
 752		if (gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) {
 753			gdp->bg_flags &= cpu_to_le16(~EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT);
 754			ext4_free_group_clusters_set(sb, gdp,
 755				ext4_free_clusters_after_init(sb, group, gdp));
 756			ext4_block_bitmap_csum_set(sb, group, gdp,
 757						   block_bitmap_bh,
 758						   EXT4_BLOCKS_PER_GROUP(sb) /
 759						   8);
 760			ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, group, gdp);
 761		}
 762		ext4_unlock_group(sb, group);
 
 763
 764		if (err)
 765			goto fail;
 
 
 766	}
 767
 768	BUFFER_TRACE(inode_bitmap_bh, "get_write_access");
 769	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, inode_bitmap_bh);
 770	if (err)
 771		goto fail;
 772
 773	BUFFER_TRACE(group_desc_bh, "get_write_access");
 774	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, group_desc_bh);
 775	if (err)
 776		goto fail;
 777
 778	/* Update the relevant bg descriptor fields */
 779	if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb)) {
 780		int free;
 781		struct ext4_group_info *grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, group);
 782
 783		down_read(&grp->alloc_sem); /* protect vs itable lazyinit */
 784		ext4_lock_group(sb, group); /* while we modify the bg desc */
 785		free = EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) -
 786			ext4_itable_unused_count(sb, gdp);
 787		if (gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT)) {
 788			gdp->bg_flags &= cpu_to_le16(~EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT);
 789			free = 0;
 790		}
 791		/*
 792		 * Check the relative inode number against the last used
 793		 * relative inode number in this group. if it is greater
 794		 * we need to update the bg_itable_unused count
 795		 */
 796		if (ino > free)
 797			ext4_itable_unused_set(sb, gdp,
 798					(EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) - ino));
 799		up_read(&grp->alloc_sem);
 800	} else {
 801		ext4_lock_group(sb, group);
 802	}
 803
 804	ext4_free_inodes_set(sb, gdp, ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp) - 1);
 805	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
 806		ext4_used_dirs_set(sb, gdp, ext4_used_dirs_count(sb, gdp) + 1);
 807		if (sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) {
 808			ext4_group_t f = ext4_flex_group(sbi, group);
 809
 810			atomic_inc(&sbi->s_flex_groups[f].used_dirs);
 811		}
 812	}
 813	if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb)) {
 814		ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_set(sb, group, gdp, inode_bitmap_bh,
 815					   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
 816		ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, group, gdp);
 817	}
 818	ext4_unlock_group(sb, group);
 819
 820	BUFFER_TRACE(inode_bitmap_bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
 821	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, inode_bitmap_bh);
 822	if (err)
 823		goto fail;
 824
 825	BUFFER_TRACE(group_desc_bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
 826	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, group_desc_bh);
 827	if (err)
 828		goto fail;
 
 
 829
 830	percpu_counter_dec(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
 831	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
 832		percpu_counter_inc(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
 833	ext4_mark_super_dirty(sb);
 834
 835	if (sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) {
 836		flex_group = ext4_flex_group(sbi, group);
 837		atomic_dec(&sbi->s_flex_groups[flex_group].free_inodes);
 838	}
 839	if (owner) {
 840		inode->i_mode = mode;
 841		i_uid_write(inode, owner[0]);
 842		i_gid_write(inode, owner[1]);
 843	} else if (test_opt(sb, GRPID)) {
 844		inode->i_mode = mode;
 845		inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
 846		inode->i_gid = dir->i_gid;
 847	} else
 848		inode_init_owner(inode, dir, mode);
 849
 850	inode->i_ino = ino + group * EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 851	/* This is the optimal IO size (for stat), not the fs block size */
 852	inode->i_blocks = 0;
 853	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = ei->i_crtime =
 854						       ext4_current_time(inode);
 855
 856	memset(ei->i_data, 0, sizeof(ei->i_data));
 857	ei->i_dir_start_lookup = 0;
 858	ei->i_disksize = 0;
 859
 860	/* Don't inherit extent flag from directory, amongst others. */
 861	ei->i_flags =
 862		ext4_mask_flags(mode, EXT4_I(dir)->i_flags & EXT4_FL_INHERITED);
 
 863	ei->i_file_acl = 0;
 864	ei->i_dtime = 0;
 865	ei->i_block_group = group;
 866	ei->i_last_alloc_group = ~0;
 867
 868	ext4_set_inode_flags(inode);
 869	if (IS_DIRSYNC(inode))
 870		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
 871	if (insert_inode_locked(inode) < 0) {
 872		/*
 873		 * Likely a bitmap corruption causing inode to be allocated
 874		 * twice.
 875		 */
 876		err = -EIO;
 877		goto fail;
 
 
 878	}
 879	spin_lock(&sbi->s_next_gen_lock);
 880	inode->i_generation = sbi->s_next_generation++;
 881	spin_unlock(&sbi->s_next_gen_lock);
 882
 883	/* Precompute checksum seed for inode metadata */
 884	if (EXT4_HAS_RO_COMPAT_FEATURE(sb,
 885			EXT4_FEATURE_RO_COMPAT_METADATA_CSUM)) {
 886		__u32 csum;
 887		struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(inode->i_sb);
 888		__le32 inum = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
 889		__le32 gen = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_generation);
 890		csum = ext4_chksum(sbi, sbi->s_csum_seed, (__u8 *)&inum,
 891				   sizeof(inum));
 892		ei->i_csum_seed = ext4_chksum(sbi, csum, (__u8 *)&gen,
 893					      sizeof(gen));
 894	}
 895
 896	ext4_clear_state_flags(ei); /* Only relevant on 32-bit archs */
 897	ext4_set_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_NEW);
 898
 899	ei->i_extra_isize = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_want_extra_isize;
 900
 
 
 901	ret = inode;
 902	dquot_initialize(inode);
 903	err = dquot_alloc_inode(inode);
 904	if (err)
 905		goto fail_drop;
 906
 907	err = ext4_init_acl(handle, inode, dir);
 908	if (err)
 909		goto fail_free_drop;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 910
 911	err = ext4_init_security(handle, inode, dir, qstr);
 912	if (err)
 913		goto fail_free_drop;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 914
 915	if (EXT4_HAS_INCOMPAT_FEATURE(sb, EXT4_FEATURE_INCOMPAT_EXTENTS)) {
 916		/* set extent flag only for directory, file and normal symlink*/
 917		if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)) {
 918			ext4_set_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS);
 919			ext4_ext_tree_init(handle, inode);
 920		}
 921	}
 922
 923	if (ext4_handle_valid(handle)) {
 924		ei->i_sync_tid = handle->h_transaction->t_tid;
 925		ei->i_datasync_tid = handle->h_transaction->t_tid;
 926	}
 927
 928	err = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
 929	if (err) {
 930		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
 931		goto fail_free_drop;
 932	}
 933
 934	ext4_debug("allocating inode %lu\n", inode->i_ino);
 935	trace_ext4_allocate_inode(inode, dir, mode);
 936	goto really_out;
 937fail:
 938	ext4_std_error(sb, err);
 939out:
 940	iput(inode);
 941	ret = ERR_PTR(err);
 942really_out:
 943	brelse(inode_bitmap_bh);
 944	return ret;
 945
 946fail_free_drop:
 947	dquot_free_inode(inode);
 948
 949fail_drop:
 950	dquot_drop(inode);
 951	inode->i_flags |= S_NOQUOTA;
 952	clear_nlink(inode);
 953	unlock_new_inode(inode);
 
 
 
 954	iput(inode);
 955	brelse(inode_bitmap_bh);
 956	return ERR_PTR(err);
 957}
 958
 959/* Verify that we are loading a valid orphan from disk */
 960struct inode *ext4_orphan_get(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
 961{
 962	unsigned long max_ino = le32_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es->s_inodes_count);
 963	ext4_group_t block_group;
 964	int bit;
 965	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh;
 966	struct inode *inode = NULL;
 967	long err = -EIO;
 968
 969	/* Error cases - e2fsck has already cleaned up for us */
 970	if (ino > max_ino) {
 971		ext4_warning(sb, "bad orphan ino %lu!  e2fsck was run?", ino);
 972		goto error;
 973	}
 974
 975	block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 976	bit = (ino - 1) % EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 977	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
 978	if (!bitmap_bh) {
 979		ext4_warning(sb, "inode bitmap error for orphan %lu", ino);
 980		goto error;
 
 981	}
 982
 983	/* Having the inode bit set should be a 100% indicator that this
 984	 * is a valid orphan (no e2fsck run on fs).  Orphans also include
 985	 * inodes that were being truncated, so we can't check i_nlink==0.
 986	 */
 987	if (!ext4_test_bit(bit, bitmap_bh->b_data))
 988		goto bad_orphan;
 989
 990	inode = ext4_iget(sb, ino);
 991	if (IS_ERR(inode))
 992		goto iget_failed;
 
 
 
 
 993
 994	/*
 995	 * If the orphans has i_nlinks > 0 then it should be able to be
 996	 * truncated, otherwise it won't be removed from the orphan list
 997	 * during processing and an infinite loop will result.
 
 998	 */
 999	if (inode->i_nlink && !ext4_can_truncate(inode))
 
1000		goto bad_orphan;
1001
1002	if (NEXT_ORPHAN(inode) > max_ino)
1003		goto bad_orphan;
1004	brelse(bitmap_bh);
1005	return inode;
1006
1007iget_failed:
1008	err = PTR_ERR(inode);
1009	inode = NULL;
1010bad_orphan:
1011	ext4_warning(sb, "bad orphan inode %lu!  e2fsck was run?", ino);
1012	printk(KERN_NOTICE "ext4_test_bit(bit=%d, block=%llu) = %d\n",
1013	       bit, (unsigned long long)bitmap_bh->b_blocknr,
1014	       ext4_test_bit(bit, bitmap_bh->b_data));
1015	printk(KERN_NOTICE "inode=%p\n", inode);
1016	if (inode) {
1017		printk(KERN_NOTICE "is_bad_inode(inode)=%d\n",
1018		       is_bad_inode(inode));
1019		printk(KERN_NOTICE "NEXT_ORPHAN(inode)=%u\n",
1020		       NEXT_ORPHAN(inode));
1021		printk(KERN_NOTICE "max_ino=%lu\n", max_ino);
1022		printk(KERN_NOTICE "i_nlink=%u\n", inode->i_nlink);
1023		/* Avoid freeing blocks if we got a bad deleted inode */
1024		if (inode->i_nlink == 0)
1025			inode->i_blocks = 0;
1026		iput(inode);
1027	}
1028	brelse(bitmap_bh);
1029error:
1030	return ERR_PTR(err);
1031}
1032
1033unsigned long ext4_count_free_inodes(struct super_block *sb)
1034{
1035	unsigned long desc_count;
1036	struct ext4_group_desc *gdp;
1037	ext4_group_t i, ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
1038#ifdef EXT4FS_DEBUG
1039	struct ext4_super_block *es;
1040	unsigned long bitmap_count, x;
1041	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
1042
1043	es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es;
1044	desc_count = 0;
1045	bitmap_count = 0;
1046	gdp = NULL;
1047	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
1048		gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
1049		if (!gdp)
1050			continue;
1051		desc_count += ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp);
1052		brelse(bitmap_bh);
1053		bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, i);
1054		if (!bitmap_bh)
 
1055			continue;
 
1056
1057		x = ext4_count_free(bitmap_bh->b_data,
1058				    EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
1059		printk(KERN_DEBUG "group %lu: stored = %d, counted = %lu\n",
1060			(unsigned long) i, ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp), x);
1061		bitmap_count += x;
1062	}
1063	brelse(bitmap_bh);
1064	printk(KERN_DEBUG "ext4_count_free_inodes: "
1065	       "stored = %u, computed = %lu, %lu\n",
1066	       le32_to_cpu(es->s_free_inodes_count), desc_count, bitmap_count);
1067	return desc_count;
1068#else
1069	desc_count = 0;
1070	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
1071		gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
1072		if (!gdp)
1073			continue;
1074		desc_count += ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp);
1075		cond_resched();
1076	}
1077	return desc_count;
1078#endif
1079}
1080
1081/* Called at mount-time, super-block is locked */
1082unsigned long ext4_count_dirs(struct super_block * sb)
1083{
1084	unsigned long count = 0;
1085	ext4_group_t i, ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
1086
1087	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
1088		struct ext4_group_desc *gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
1089		if (!gdp)
1090			continue;
1091		count += ext4_used_dirs_count(sb, gdp);
1092	}
1093	return count;
1094}
1095
1096/*
1097 * Zeroes not yet zeroed inode table - just write zeroes through the whole
1098 * inode table. Must be called without any spinlock held. The only place
1099 * where it is called from on active part of filesystem is ext4lazyinit
1100 * thread, so we do not need any special locks, however we have to prevent
1101 * inode allocation from the current group, so we take alloc_sem lock, to
1102 * block ext4_new_inode() until we are finished.
1103 */
1104int ext4_init_inode_table(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group,
1105				 int barrier)
1106{
1107	struct ext4_group_info *grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, group);
1108	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1109	struct ext4_group_desc *gdp = NULL;
1110	struct buffer_head *group_desc_bh;
1111	handle_t *handle;
1112	ext4_fsblk_t blk;
1113	int num, ret = 0, used_blks = 0;
1114
1115	/* This should not happen, but just to be sure check this */
1116	if (sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY) {
1117		ret = 1;
1118		goto out;
1119	}
1120
1121	gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, group, &group_desc_bh);
1122	if (!gdp)
1123		goto out;
1124
1125	/*
1126	 * We do not need to lock this, because we are the only one
1127	 * handling this flag.
1128	 */
1129	if (gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_ZEROED))
1130		goto out;
1131
1132	handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, 1);
1133	if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
1134		ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
1135		goto out;
1136	}
1137
1138	down_write(&grp->alloc_sem);
1139	/*
1140	 * If inode bitmap was already initialized there may be some
1141	 * used inodes so we need to skip blocks with used inodes in
1142	 * inode table.
1143	 */
1144	if (!(gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT)))
1145		used_blks = DIV_ROUND_UP((EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) -
1146			    ext4_itable_unused_count(sb, gdp)),
1147			    sbi->s_inodes_per_block);
1148
1149	if ((used_blks < 0) || (used_blks > sbi->s_itb_per_group)) {
1150		ext4_error(sb, "Something is wrong with group %u: "
1151			   "used itable blocks: %d; "
1152			   "itable unused count: %u",
1153			   group, used_blks,
1154			   ext4_itable_unused_count(sb, gdp));
1155		ret = 1;
1156		goto err_out;
1157	}
1158
1159	blk = ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp) + used_blks;
1160	num = sbi->s_itb_per_group - used_blks;
1161
1162	BUFFER_TRACE(group_desc_bh, "get_write_access");
1163	ret = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle,
1164					    group_desc_bh);
1165	if (ret)
1166		goto err_out;
1167
1168	/*
1169	 * Skip zeroout if the inode table is full. But we set the ZEROED
1170	 * flag anyway, because obviously, when it is full it does not need
1171	 * further zeroing.
1172	 */
1173	if (unlikely(num == 0))
1174		goto skip_zeroout;
1175
1176	ext4_debug("going to zero out inode table in group %d\n",
1177		   group);
1178	ret = sb_issue_zeroout(sb, blk, num, GFP_NOFS);
1179	if (ret < 0)
1180		goto err_out;
1181	if (barrier)
1182		blkdev_issue_flush(sb->s_bdev, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
1183
1184skip_zeroout:
1185	ext4_lock_group(sb, group);
1186	gdp->bg_flags |= cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_ZEROED);
1187	ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, group, gdp);
1188	ext4_unlock_group(sb, group);
1189
1190	BUFFER_TRACE(group_desc_bh,
1191		     "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
1192	ret = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL,
1193					 group_desc_bh);
1194
1195err_out:
1196	up_write(&grp->alloc_sem);
1197	ext4_journal_stop(handle);
1198out:
1199	return ret;
1200}
v4.17
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
   2/*
   3 *  linux/fs/ext4/ialloc.c
   4 *
   5 * Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
   6 * Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
   7 * Laboratoire MASI - Institut Blaise Pascal
   8 * Universite Pierre et Marie Curie (Paris VI)
   9 *
  10 *  BSD ufs-inspired inode and directory allocation by
  11 *  Stephen Tweedie (sct@redhat.com), 1993
  12 *  Big-endian to little-endian byte-swapping/bitmaps by
  13 *        David S. Miller (davem@caip.rutgers.edu), 1995
  14 */
  15
  16#include <linux/time.h>
  17#include <linux/fs.h>
 
  18#include <linux/stat.h>
  19#include <linux/string.h>
  20#include <linux/quotaops.h>
  21#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
  22#include <linux/random.h>
  23#include <linux/bitops.h>
  24#include <linux/blkdev.h>
  25#include <linux/cred.h>
  26
  27#include <asm/byteorder.h>
  28
  29#include "ext4.h"
  30#include "ext4_jbd2.h"
  31#include "xattr.h"
  32#include "acl.h"
  33
  34#include <trace/events/ext4.h>
  35
  36/*
  37 * ialloc.c contains the inodes allocation and deallocation routines
  38 */
  39
  40/*
  41 * The free inodes are managed by bitmaps.  A file system contains several
  42 * blocks groups.  Each group contains 1 bitmap block for blocks, 1 bitmap
  43 * block for inodes, N blocks for the inode table and data blocks.
  44 *
  45 * The file system contains group descriptors which are located after the
  46 * super block.  Each descriptor contains the number of the bitmap block and
  47 * the free blocks count in the block.
  48 */
  49
  50/*
  51 * To avoid calling the atomic setbit hundreds or thousands of times, we only
  52 * need to use it within a single byte (to ensure we get endianness right).
  53 * We can use memset for the rest of the bitmap as there are no other users.
  54 */
  55void ext4_mark_bitmap_end(int start_bit, int end_bit, char *bitmap)
  56{
  57	int i;
  58
  59	if (start_bit >= end_bit)
  60		return;
  61
  62	ext4_debug("mark end bits +%d through +%d used\n", start_bit, end_bit);
  63	for (i = start_bit; i < ((start_bit + 7) & ~7UL); i++)
  64		ext4_set_bit(i, bitmap);
  65	if (i < end_bit)
  66		memset(bitmap + (i >> 3), 0xff, (end_bit - i) >> 3);
  67}
  68
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  69void ext4_end_bitmap_read(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate)
  70{
  71	if (uptodate) {
  72		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
  73		set_bitmap_uptodate(bh);
  74	}
  75	unlock_buffer(bh);
  76	put_bh(bh);
  77}
  78
  79static int ext4_validate_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
  80				      struct ext4_group_desc *desc,
  81				      ext4_group_t block_group,
  82				      struct buffer_head *bh)
  83{
  84	ext4_fsblk_t	blk;
  85	struct ext4_group_info *grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
  86	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
  87
  88	if (buffer_verified(bh))
  89		return 0;
  90	if (EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))
  91		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
  92
  93	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
  94	blk = ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, desc);
  95	if (!ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_verify(sb, block_group, desc, bh,
  96					   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8)) {
  97		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
  98		ext4_error(sb, "Corrupt inode bitmap - block_group = %u, "
  99			   "inode_bitmap = %llu", block_group, blk);
 100		grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
 101		if (!EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp)) {
 102			int count;
 103			count = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc);
 104			percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter,
 105					   count);
 106		}
 107		set_bit(EXT4_GROUP_INFO_IBITMAP_CORRUPT_BIT, &grp->bb_state);
 108		return -EFSBADCRC;
 109	}
 110	set_buffer_verified(bh);
 111	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 112	return 0;
 113}
 114
 115/*
 116 * Read the inode allocation bitmap for a given block_group, reading
 117 * into the specified slot in the superblock's bitmap cache.
 118 *
 119 * Return buffer_head of bitmap on success or NULL.
 120 */
 121static struct buffer_head *
 122ext4_read_inode_bitmap(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t block_group)
 123{
 124	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 125	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 126	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
 127	ext4_fsblk_t bitmap_blk;
 128	int err;
 129
 130	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, NULL);
 131	if (!desc)
 132		return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
 133
 134	bitmap_blk = ext4_inode_bitmap(sb, desc);
 135	if ((bitmap_blk <= le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_first_data_block)) ||
 136	    (bitmap_blk >= ext4_blocks_count(sbi->s_es))) {
 137		ext4_error(sb, "Invalid inode bitmap blk %llu in "
 138			   "block_group %u", bitmap_blk, block_group);
 139		return ERR_PTR(-EFSCORRUPTED);
 140	}
 141	bh = sb_getblk(sb, bitmap_blk);
 142	if (unlikely(!bh)) {
 143		ext4_error(sb, "Cannot read inode bitmap - "
 144			    "block_group = %u, inode_bitmap = %llu",
 145			    block_group, bitmap_blk);
 146		return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
 147	}
 148	if (bitmap_uptodate(bh))
 149		goto verify;
 150
 151	lock_buffer(bh);
 152	if (bitmap_uptodate(bh)) {
 153		unlock_buffer(bh);
 154		goto verify;
 155	}
 156
 157	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
 158	if (desc->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT)) {
 159		memset(bh->b_data, 0, (EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) + 7) / 8);
 160		ext4_mark_bitmap_end(EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb),
 161				     sb->s_blocksize * 8, bh->b_data);
 162		set_bitmap_uptodate(bh);
 163		set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
 164		set_buffer_verified(bh);
 165		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 166		unlock_buffer(bh);
 167		return bh;
 168	}
 169	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 170
 171	if (buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
 172		/*
 173		 * if not uninit if bh is uptodate,
 174		 * bitmap is also uptodate
 175		 */
 176		set_bitmap_uptodate(bh);
 177		unlock_buffer(bh);
 178		goto verify;
 179	}
 180	/*
 181	 * submit the buffer_head for reading
 182	 */
 183	trace_ext4_load_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
 184	bh->b_end_io = ext4_end_bitmap_read;
 185	get_bh(bh);
 186	submit_bh(REQ_OP_READ, REQ_META | REQ_PRIO, bh);
 187	wait_on_buffer(bh);
 188	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
 189		put_bh(bh);
 190		ext4_error(sb, "Cannot read inode bitmap - "
 191			   "block_group = %u, inode_bitmap = %llu",
 192			   block_group, bitmap_blk);
 193		return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
 194	}
 195
 196verify:
 197	err = ext4_validate_inode_bitmap(sb, desc, block_group, bh);
 198	if (err)
 199		goto out;
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 200	return bh;
 201out:
 202	put_bh(bh);
 203	return ERR_PTR(err);
 204}
 205
 206/*
 207 * NOTE! When we get the inode, we're the only people
 208 * that have access to it, and as such there are no
 209 * race conditions we have to worry about. The inode
 210 * is not on the hash-lists, and it cannot be reached
 211 * through the filesystem because the directory entry
 212 * has been deleted earlier.
 213 *
 214 * HOWEVER: we must make sure that we get no aliases,
 215 * which means that we have to call "clear_inode()"
 216 * _before_ we mark the inode not in use in the inode
 217 * bitmaps. Otherwise a newly created file might use
 218 * the same inode number (not actually the same pointer
 219 * though), and then we'd have two inodes sharing the
 220 * same inode number and space on the harddisk.
 221 */
 222void ext4_free_inode(handle_t *handle, struct inode *inode)
 223{
 224	struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
 225	int is_directory;
 226	unsigned long ino;
 227	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
 228	struct buffer_head *bh2;
 229	ext4_group_t block_group;
 230	unsigned long bit;
 231	struct ext4_group_desc *gdp;
 232	struct ext4_super_block *es;
 233	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi;
 234	int fatal = 0, err, count, cleared;
 235	struct ext4_group_info *grp;
 236
 237	if (!sb) {
 238		printk(KERN_ERR "EXT4-fs: %s:%d: inode on "
 239		       "nonexistent device\n", __func__, __LINE__);
 240		return;
 241	}
 242	if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count) > 1) {
 243		ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "%s:%d: inode #%lu: count=%d",
 244			 __func__, __LINE__, inode->i_ino,
 245			 atomic_read(&inode->i_count));
 246		return;
 247	}
 248	if (inode->i_nlink) {
 249		ext4_msg(sb, KERN_ERR, "%s:%d: inode #%lu: nlink=%d\n",
 250			 __func__, __LINE__, inode->i_ino, inode->i_nlink);
 251		return;
 252	}
 253	sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 254
 255	ino = inode->i_ino;
 256	ext4_debug("freeing inode %lu\n", ino);
 257	trace_ext4_free_inode(inode);
 258
 259	/*
 260	 * Note: we must free any quota before locking the superblock,
 261	 * as writing the quota to disk may need the lock as well.
 262	 */
 263	dquot_initialize(inode);
 
 264	dquot_free_inode(inode);
 265	dquot_drop(inode);
 266
 267	is_directory = S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode);
 268
 269	/* Do this BEFORE marking the inode not in use or returning an error */
 270	ext4_clear_inode(inode);
 271
 272	es = sbi->s_es;
 273	if (ino < EXT4_FIRST_INO(sb) || ino > le32_to_cpu(es->s_inodes_count)) {
 274		ext4_error(sb, "reserved or nonexistent inode %lu", ino);
 275		goto error_return;
 276	}
 277	block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 278	bit = (ino - 1) % EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 279	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
 280	/* Don't bother if the inode bitmap is corrupt. */
 281	grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, block_group);
 282	if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
 283		fatal = PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh);
 284		bitmap_bh = NULL;
 285		goto error_return;
 286	}
 287	if (unlikely(EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))) {
 288		fatal = -EFSCORRUPTED;
 289		goto error_return;
 290	}
 291
 292	BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "get_write_access");
 293	fatal = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bitmap_bh);
 294	if (fatal)
 295		goto error_return;
 296
 297	fatal = -ESRCH;
 298	gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, block_group, &bh2);
 299	if (gdp) {
 300		BUFFER_TRACE(bh2, "get_write_access");
 301		fatal = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, bh2);
 302	}
 303	ext4_lock_group(sb, block_group);
 304	cleared = ext4_test_and_clear_bit(bit, bitmap_bh->b_data);
 305	if (fatal || !cleared) {
 306		ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 307		goto out;
 308	}
 309
 310	count = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp) + 1;
 311	ext4_free_inodes_set(sb, gdp, count);
 312	if (is_directory) {
 313		count = ext4_used_dirs_count(sb, gdp) - 1;
 314		ext4_used_dirs_set(sb, gdp, count);
 315		percpu_counter_dec(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
 316	}
 317	ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_set(sb, block_group, gdp, bitmap_bh,
 318				   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
 319	ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, block_group, gdp);
 320	ext4_unlock_group(sb, block_group);
 321
 322	percpu_counter_inc(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
 323	if (sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) {
 324		ext4_group_t f = ext4_flex_group(sbi, block_group);
 325
 326		atomic_inc(&sbi->s_flex_groups[f].free_inodes);
 327		if (is_directory)
 328			atomic_dec(&sbi->s_flex_groups[f].used_dirs);
 329	}
 330	BUFFER_TRACE(bh2, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
 331	fatal = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, bh2);
 332out:
 333	if (cleared) {
 334		BUFFER_TRACE(bitmap_bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
 335		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, bitmap_bh);
 336		if (!fatal)
 337			fatal = err;
 338	} else {
 
 339		ext4_error(sb, "bit already cleared for inode %lu", ino);
 340		if (gdp && !EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp)) {
 341			int count;
 342			count = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp);
 343			percpu_counter_sub(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter,
 344					   count);
 345		}
 346		set_bit(EXT4_GROUP_INFO_IBITMAP_CORRUPT_BIT, &grp->bb_state);
 347	}
 348
 349error_return:
 350	brelse(bitmap_bh);
 351	ext4_std_error(sb, fatal);
 352}
 353
 354struct orlov_stats {
 355	__u64 free_clusters;
 356	__u32 free_inodes;
 
 357	__u32 used_dirs;
 358};
 359
 360/*
 361 * Helper function for Orlov's allocator; returns critical information
 362 * for a particular block group or flex_bg.  If flex_size is 1, then g
 363 * is a block group number; otherwise it is flex_bg number.
 364 */
 365static void get_orlov_stats(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t g,
 366			    int flex_size, struct orlov_stats *stats)
 367{
 368	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 369	struct flex_groups *flex_group = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_flex_groups;
 370
 371	if (flex_size > 1) {
 372		stats->free_inodes = atomic_read(&flex_group[g].free_inodes);
 373		stats->free_clusters = atomic64_read(&flex_group[g].free_clusters);
 374		stats->used_dirs = atomic_read(&flex_group[g].used_dirs);
 375		return;
 376	}
 377
 378	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, g, NULL);
 379	if (desc) {
 380		stats->free_inodes = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc);
 381		stats->free_clusters = ext4_free_group_clusters(sb, desc);
 382		stats->used_dirs = ext4_used_dirs_count(sb, desc);
 383	} else {
 384		stats->free_inodes = 0;
 385		stats->free_clusters = 0;
 386		stats->used_dirs = 0;
 387	}
 388}
 389
 390/*
 391 * Orlov's allocator for directories.
 392 *
 393 * We always try to spread first-level directories.
 394 *
 395 * If there are blockgroups with both free inodes and free blocks counts
 396 * not worse than average we return one with smallest directory count.
 397 * Otherwise we simply return a random group.
 398 *
 399 * For the rest rules look so:
 400 *
 401 * It's OK to put directory into a group unless
 402 * it has too many directories already (max_dirs) or
 403 * it has too few free inodes left (min_inodes) or
 404 * it has too few free blocks left (min_blocks) or
 405 * Parent's group is preferred, if it doesn't satisfy these
 406 * conditions we search cyclically through the rest. If none
 407 * of the groups look good we just look for a group with more
 408 * free inodes than average (starting at parent's group).
 409 */
 410
 411static int find_group_orlov(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *parent,
 412			    ext4_group_t *group, umode_t mode,
 413			    const struct qstr *qstr)
 414{
 415	ext4_group_t parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_block_group;
 416	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 417	ext4_group_t real_ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
 418	int inodes_per_group = EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 419	unsigned int freei, avefreei, grp_free;
 420	ext4_fsblk_t freeb, avefreec;
 421	unsigned int ndirs;
 422	int max_dirs, min_inodes;
 423	ext4_grpblk_t min_clusters;
 424	ext4_group_t i, grp, g, ngroups;
 425	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 426	struct orlov_stats stats;
 427	int flex_size = ext4_flex_bg_size(sbi);
 428	struct dx_hash_info hinfo;
 429
 430	ngroups = real_ngroups;
 431	if (flex_size > 1) {
 432		ngroups = (real_ngroups + flex_size - 1) >>
 433			sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex;
 434		parent_group >>= sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex;
 435	}
 436
 437	freei = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
 438	avefreei = freei / ngroups;
 439	freeb = EXT4_C2B(sbi,
 440		percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_freeclusters_counter));
 441	avefreec = freeb;
 442	do_div(avefreec, ngroups);
 443	ndirs = percpu_counter_read_positive(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
 444
 445	if (S_ISDIR(mode) &&
 446	    ((parent == d_inode(sb->s_root)) ||
 447	     (ext4_test_inode_flag(parent, EXT4_INODE_TOPDIR)))) {
 448		int best_ndir = inodes_per_group;
 449		int ret = -1;
 450
 451		if (qstr) {
 452			hinfo.hash_version = DX_HASH_HALF_MD4;
 453			hinfo.seed = sbi->s_hash_seed;
 454			ext4fs_dirhash(qstr->name, qstr->len, &hinfo);
 455			grp = hinfo.hash;
 456		} else
 457			grp = prandom_u32();
 458		parent_group = (unsigned)grp % ngroups;
 459		for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
 460			g = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
 461			get_orlov_stats(sb, g, flex_size, &stats);
 462			if (!stats.free_inodes)
 463				continue;
 464			if (stats.used_dirs >= best_ndir)
 465				continue;
 466			if (stats.free_inodes < avefreei)
 467				continue;
 468			if (stats.free_clusters < avefreec)
 469				continue;
 470			grp = g;
 471			ret = 0;
 472			best_ndir = stats.used_dirs;
 473		}
 474		if (ret)
 475			goto fallback;
 476	found_flex_bg:
 477		if (flex_size == 1) {
 478			*group = grp;
 479			return 0;
 480		}
 481
 482		/*
 483		 * We pack inodes at the beginning of the flexgroup's
 484		 * inode tables.  Block allocation decisions will do
 485		 * something similar, although regular files will
 486		 * start at 2nd block group of the flexgroup.  See
 487		 * ext4_ext_find_goal() and ext4_find_near().
 488		 */
 489		grp *= flex_size;
 490		for (i = 0; i < flex_size; i++) {
 491			if (grp+i >= real_ngroups)
 492				break;
 493			desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, grp+i, NULL);
 494			if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc)) {
 495				*group = grp+i;
 496				return 0;
 497			}
 498		}
 499		goto fallback;
 500	}
 501
 502	max_dirs = ndirs / ngroups + inodes_per_group / 16;
 503	min_inodes = avefreei - inodes_per_group*flex_size / 4;
 504	if (min_inodes < 1)
 505		min_inodes = 1;
 506	min_clusters = avefreec - EXT4_CLUSTERS_PER_GROUP(sb)*flex_size / 4;
 507
 508	/*
 509	 * Start looking in the flex group where we last allocated an
 510	 * inode for this parent directory
 511	 */
 512	if (EXT4_I(parent)->i_last_alloc_group != ~0) {
 513		parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_last_alloc_group;
 514		if (flex_size > 1)
 515			parent_group >>= sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex;
 516	}
 517
 518	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
 519		grp = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
 520		get_orlov_stats(sb, grp, flex_size, &stats);
 521		if (stats.used_dirs >= max_dirs)
 522			continue;
 523		if (stats.free_inodes < min_inodes)
 524			continue;
 525		if (stats.free_clusters < min_clusters)
 526			continue;
 527		goto found_flex_bg;
 528	}
 529
 530fallback:
 531	ngroups = real_ngroups;
 532	avefreei = freei / ngroups;
 533fallback_retry:
 534	parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_block_group;
 535	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
 536		grp = (parent_group + i) % ngroups;
 537		desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, grp, NULL);
 538		if (desc) {
 539			grp_free = ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc);
 540			if (grp_free && grp_free >= avefreei) {
 541				*group = grp;
 542				return 0;
 543			}
 544		}
 545	}
 546
 547	if (avefreei) {
 548		/*
 549		 * The free-inodes counter is approximate, and for really small
 550		 * filesystems the above test can fail to find any blockgroups
 551		 */
 552		avefreei = 0;
 553		goto fallback_retry;
 554	}
 555
 556	return -1;
 557}
 558
 559static int find_group_other(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *parent,
 560			    ext4_group_t *group, umode_t mode)
 561{
 562	ext4_group_t parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_block_group;
 563	ext4_group_t i, last, ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
 564	struct ext4_group_desc *desc;
 565	int flex_size = ext4_flex_bg_size(EXT4_SB(sb));
 566
 567	/*
 568	 * Try to place the inode is the same flex group as its
 569	 * parent.  If we can't find space, use the Orlov algorithm to
 570	 * find another flex group, and store that information in the
 571	 * parent directory's inode information so that use that flex
 572	 * group for future allocations.
 573	 */
 574	if (flex_size > 1) {
 575		int retry = 0;
 576
 577	try_again:
 578		parent_group &= ~(flex_size-1);
 579		last = parent_group + flex_size;
 580		if (last > ngroups)
 581			last = ngroups;
 582		for  (i = parent_group; i < last; i++) {
 583			desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
 584			if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc)) {
 585				*group = i;
 586				return 0;
 587			}
 588		}
 589		if (!retry && EXT4_I(parent)->i_last_alloc_group != ~0) {
 590			retry = 1;
 591			parent_group = EXT4_I(parent)->i_last_alloc_group;
 592			goto try_again;
 593		}
 594		/*
 595		 * If this didn't work, use the Orlov search algorithm
 596		 * to find a new flex group; we pass in the mode to
 597		 * avoid the topdir algorithms.
 598		 */
 599		*group = parent_group + flex_size;
 600		if (*group > ngroups)
 601			*group = 0;
 602		return find_group_orlov(sb, parent, group, mode, NULL);
 603	}
 604
 605	/*
 606	 * Try to place the inode in its parent directory
 607	 */
 608	*group = parent_group;
 609	desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, *group, NULL);
 610	if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc) &&
 611	    ext4_free_group_clusters(sb, desc))
 612		return 0;
 613
 614	/*
 615	 * We're going to place this inode in a different blockgroup from its
 616	 * parent.  We want to cause files in a common directory to all land in
 617	 * the same blockgroup.  But we want files which are in a different
 618	 * directory which shares a blockgroup with our parent to land in a
 619	 * different blockgroup.
 620	 *
 621	 * So add our directory's i_ino into the starting point for the hash.
 622	 */
 623	*group = (*group + parent->i_ino) % ngroups;
 624
 625	/*
 626	 * Use a quadratic hash to find a group with a free inode and some free
 627	 * blocks.
 628	 */
 629	for (i = 1; i < ngroups; i <<= 1) {
 630		*group += i;
 631		if (*group >= ngroups)
 632			*group -= ngroups;
 633		desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, *group, NULL);
 634		if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc) &&
 635		    ext4_free_group_clusters(sb, desc))
 636			return 0;
 637	}
 638
 639	/*
 640	 * That failed: try linear search for a free inode, even if that group
 641	 * has no free blocks.
 642	 */
 643	*group = parent_group;
 644	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
 645		if (++*group >= ngroups)
 646			*group = 0;
 647		desc = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, *group, NULL);
 648		if (desc && ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, desc))
 649			return 0;
 650	}
 651
 652	return -1;
 653}
 654
 655/*
 656 * In no journal mode, if an inode has recently been deleted, we want
 657 * to avoid reusing it until we're reasonably sure the inode table
 658 * block has been written back to disk.  (Yes, these values are
 659 * somewhat arbitrary...)
 660 */
 661#define RECENTCY_MIN	5
 662#define RECENTCY_DIRTY	300
 663
 664static int recently_deleted(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group, int ino)
 665{
 666	struct ext4_group_desc	*gdp;
 667	struct ext4_inode	*raw_inode;
 668	struct buffer_head	*bh;
 669	int inodes_per_block = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_inodes_per_block;
 670	int offset, ret = 0;
 671	int recentcy = RECENTCY_MIN;
 672	u32 dtime, now;
 673
 674	gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, group, NULL);
 675	if (unlikely(!gdp))
 676		return 0;
 677
 678	bh = sb_find_get_block(sb, ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp) +
 679		       (ino / inodes_per_block));
 680	if (!bh || !buffer_uptodate(bh))
 681		/*
 682		 * If the block is not in the buffer cache, then it
 683		 * must have been written out.
 684		 */
 685		goto out;
 686
 687	offset = (ino % inodes_per_block) * EXT4_INODE_SIZE(sb);
 688	raw_inode = (struct ext4_inode *) (bh->b_data + offset);
 689
 690	/* i_dtime is only 32 bits on disk, but we only care about relative
 691	 * times in the range of a few minutes (i.e. long enough to sync a
 692	 * recently-deleted inode to disk), so using the low 32 bits of the
 693	 * clock (a 68 year range) is enough, see time_before32() */
 694	dtime = le32_to_cpu(raw_inode->i_dtime);
 695	now = ktime_get_real_seconds();
 696	if (buffer_dirty(bh))
 697		recentcy += RECENTCY_DIRTY;
 698
 699	if (dtime && time_before32(dtime, now) &&
 700	    time_before32(now, dtime + recentcy))
 701		ret = 1;
 702out:
 703	brelse(bh);
 704	return ret;
 705}
 706
 707static int find_inode_bit(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group,
 708			  struct buffer_head *bitmap, unsigned long *ino)
 709{
 710next:
 711	*ino = ext4_find_next_zero_bit((unsigned long *)
 712				       bitmap->b_data,
 713				       EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb), *ino);
 714	if (*ino >= EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb))
 715		return 0;
 716
 717	if ((EXT4_SB(sb)->s_journal == NULL) &&
 718	    recently_deleted(sb, group, *ino)) {
 719		*ino = *ino + 1;
 720		if (*ino < EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb))
 721			goto next;
 722		return 0;
 723	}
 724
 725	return 1;
 726}
 727
 728/*
 729 * There are two policies for allocating an inode.  If the new inode is
 730 * a directory, then a forward search is made for a block group with both
 731 * free space and a low directory-to-inode ratio; if that fails, then of
 732 * the groups with above-average free space, that group with the fewest
 733 * directories already is chosen.
 734 *
 735 * For other inodes, search forward from the parent directory's block
 736 * group to find a free inode.
 737 */
 738struct inode *__ext4_new_inode(handle_t *handle, struct inode *dir,
 739			       umode_t mode, const struct qstr *qstr,
 740			       __u32 goal, uid_t *owner, __u32 i_flags,
 741			       int handle_type, unsigned int line_no,
 742			       int nblocks)
 743{
 744	struct super_block *sb;
 745	struct buffer_head *inode_bitmap_bh = NULL;
 746	struct buffer_head *group_desc_bh;
 747	ext4_group_t ngroups, group = 0;
 748	unsigned long ino = 0;
 749	struct inode *inode;
 750	struct ext4_group_desc *gdp = NULL;
 751	struct ext4_inode_info *ei;
 752	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi;
 753	int ret2, err;
 754	struct inode *ret;
 755	ext4_group_t i;
 756	ext4_group_t flex_group;
 757	struct ext4_group_info *grp;
 758	int encrypt = 0;
 759
 760	/* Cannot create files in a deleted directory */
 761	if (!dir || !dir->i_nlink)
 762		return ERR_PTR(-EPERM);
 763
 764	sb = dir->i_sb;
 765	sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
 766
 767	if (unlikely(ext4_forced_shutdown(sbi)))
 768		return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
 769
 770	if ((ext4_encrypted_inode(dir) || DUMMY_ENCRYPTION_ENABLED(sbi)) &&
 771	    (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)) &&
 772	    !(i_flags & EXT4_EA_INODE_FL)) {
 773		err = fscrypt_get_encryption_info(dir);
 774		if (err)
 775			return ERR_PTR(err);
 776		if (!fscrypt_has_encryption_key(dir))
 777			return ERR_PTR(-ENOKEY);
 778		encrypt = 1;
 779	}
 780
 781	if (!handle && sbi->s_journal && !(i_flags & EXT4_EA_INODE_FL)) {
 782#ifdef CONFIG_EXT4_FS_POSIX_ACL
 783		struct posix_acl *p = get_acl(dir, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT);
 784
 785		if (IS_ERR(p))
 786			return ERR_CAST(p);
 787		if (p) {
 788			int acl_size = p->a_count * sizeof(ext4_acl_entry);
 789
 790			nblocks += (S_ISDIR(mode) ? 2 : 1) *
 791				__ext4_xattr_set_credits(sb, NULL /* inode */,
 792					NULL /* block_bh */, acl_size,
 793					true /* is_create */);
 794			posix_acl_release(p);
 795		}
 796#endif
 797
 798#ifdef CONFIG_SECURITY
 799		{
 800			int num_security_xattrs = 1;
 801
 802#ifdef CONFIG_INTEGRITY
 803			num_security_xattrs++;
 804#endif
 805			/*
 806			 * We assume that security xattrs are never
 807			 * more than 1k.  In practice they are under
 808			 * 128 bytes.
 809			 */
 810			nblocks += num_security_xattrs *
 811				__ext4_xattr_set_credits(sb, NULL /* inode */,
 812					NULL /* block_bh */, 1024,
 813					true /* is_create */);
 814		}
 815#endif
 816		if (encrypt)
 817			nblocks += __ext4_xattr_set_credits(sb,
 818					NULL /* inode */, NULL /* block_bh */,
 819					FSCRYPT_SET_CONTEXT_MAX_SIZE,
 820					true /* is_create */);
 821	}
 822
 823	ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
 824	trace_ext4_request_inode(dir, mode);
 825	inode = new_inode(sb);
 826	if (!inode)
 827		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
 828	ei = EXT4_I(inode);
 829
 830	/*
 831	 * Initialize owners and quota early so that we don't have to account
 832	 * for quota initialization worst case in standard inode creating
 833	 * transaction
 834	 */
 835	if (owner) {
 836		inode->i_mode = mode;
 837		i_uid_write(inode, owner[0]);
 838		i_gid_write(inode, owner[1]);
 839	} else if (test_opt(sb, GRPID)) {
 840		inode->i_mode = mode;
 841		inode->i_uid = current_fsuid();
 842		inode->i_gid = dir->i_gid;
 843	} else
 844		inode_init_owner(inode, dir, mode);
 845
 846	if (ext4_has_feature_project(sb) &&
 847	    ext4_test_inode_flag(dir, EXT4_INODE_PROJINHERIT))
 848		ei->i_projid = EXT4_I(dir)->i_projid;
 849	else
 850		ei->i_projid = make_kprojid(&init_user_ns, EXT4_DEF_PROJID);
 851
 852	err = dquot_initialize(inode);
 853	if (err)
 854		goto out;
 855
 856	if (!goal)
 857		goal = sbi->s_inode_goal;
 858
 859	if (goal && goal <= le32_to_cpu(sbi->s_es->s_inodes_count)) {
 860		group = (goal - 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 861		ino = (goal - 1) % EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
 862		ret2 = 0;
 863		goto got_group;
 864	}
 865
 866	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
 867		ret2 = find_group_orlov(sb, dir, &group, mode, qstr);
 868	else
 869		ret2 = find_group_other(sb, dir, &group, mode);
 870
 871got_group:
 872	EXT4_I(dir)->i_last_alloc_group = group;
 873	err = -ENOSPC;
 874	if (ret2 == -1)
 875		goto out;
 876
 877	/*
 878	 * Normally we will only go through one pass of this loop,
 879	 * unless we get unlucky and it turns out the group we selected
 880	 * had its last inode grabbed by someone else.
 881	 */
 882	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++, ino = 0) {
 883		err = -EIO;
 884
 885		gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, group, &group_desc_bh);
 886		if (!gdp)
 887			goto out;
 888
 889		/*
 890		 * Check free inodes count before loading bitmap.
 891		 */
 892		if (ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp) == 0)
 893			goto next_group;
 894
 895		grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, group);
 896		/* Skip groups with already-known suspicious inode tables */
 897		if (EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp))
 898			goto next_group;
 899
 900		brelse(inode_bitmap_bh);
 901		inode_bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, group);
 902		/* Skip groups with suspicious inode tables */
 903		if (EXT4_MB_GRP_IBITMAP_CORRUPT(grp) ||
 904		    IS_ERR(inode_bitmap_bh)) {
 905			inode_bitmap_bh = NULL;
 906			goto next_group;
 907		}
 908
 909repeat_in_this_group:
 910		ret2 = find_inode_bit(sb, group, inode_bitmap_bh, &ino);
 911		if (!ret2)
 912			goto next_group;
 913
 914		if (group == 0 && (ino + 1) < EXT4_FIRST_INO(sb)) {
 
 
 
 
 915			ext4_error(sb, "reserved inode found cleared - "
 916				   "inode=%lu", ino + 1);
 917			goto next_group;
 918		}
 919
 920		if (!handle) {
 921			BUG_ON(nblocks <= 0);
 922			handle = __ext4_journal_start_sb(dir->i_sb, line_no,
 923							 handle_type, nblocks,
 924							 0);
 925			if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
 926				err = PTR_ERR(handle);
 927				ext4_std_error(sb, err);
 928				goto out;
 929			}
 930		}
 931		BUFFER_TRACE(inode_bitmap_bh, "get_write_access");
 932		err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, inode_bitmap_bh);
 933		if (err) {
 934			ext4_std_error(sb, err);
 935			goto out;
 936		}
 937		ext4_lock_group(sb, group);
 938		ret2 = ext4_test_and_set_bit(ino, inode_bitmap_bh->b_data);
 939		if (ret2) {
 940			/* Someone already took the bit. Repeat the search
 941			 * with lock held.
 942			 */
 943			ret2 = find_inode_bit(sb, group, inode_bitmap_bh, &ino);
 944			if (ret2) {
 945				ext4_set_bit(ino, inode_bitmap_bh->b_data);
 946				ret2 = 0;
 947			} else {
 948				ret2 = 1; /* we didn't grab the inode */
 949			}
 950		}
 951		ext4_unlock_group(sb, group);
 952		ino++;		/* the inode bitmap is zero-based */
 953		if (!ret2)
 954			goto got; /* we grabbed the inode! */
 955
 956		if (ino < EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb))
 957			goto repeat_in_this_group;
 958next_group:
 959		if (++group == ngroups)
 960			group = 0;
 961	}
 962	err = -ENOSPC;
 963	goto out;
 964
 965got:
 966	BUFFER_TRACE(inode_bitmap_bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
 967	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, inode_bitmap_bh);
 968	if (err) {
 969		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
 970		goto out;
 971	}
 972
 973	BUFFER_TRACE(group_desc_bh, "get_write_access");
 974	err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, group_desc_bh);
 975	if (err) {
 976		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
 977		goto out;
 978	}
 979
 980	/* We may have to initialize the block bitmap if it isn't already */
 981	if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb) &&
 982	    gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) {
 983		struct buffer_head *block_bitmap_bh;
 984
 985		block_bitmap_bh = ext4_read_block_bitmap(sb, group);
 986		if (IS_ERR(block_bitmap_bh)) {
 987			err = PTR_ERR(block_bitmap_bh);
 988			goto out;
 989		}
 990		BUFFER_TRACE(block_bitmap_bh, "get block bitmap access");
 991		err = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle, block_bitmap_bh);
 992		if (err) {
 993			brelse(block_bitmap_bh);
 994			ext4_std_error(sb, err);
 995			goto out;
 996		}
 997
 998		BUFFER_TRACE(block_bitmap_bh, "dirty block bitmap");
 999		err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, block_bitmap_bh);
 
1000
1001		/* recheck and clear flag under lock if we still need to */
1002		ext4_lock_group(sb, group);
1003		if (gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT)) {
1004			gdp->bg_flags &= cpu_to_le16(~EXT4_BG_BLOCK_UNINIT);
1005			ext4_free_group_clusters_set(sb, gdp,
1006				ext4_free_clusters_after_init(sb, group, gdp));
1007			ext4_block_bitmap_csum_set(sb, group, gdp,
1008						   block_bitmap_bh);
 
 
1009			ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, group, gdp);
1010		}
1011		ext4_unlock_group(sb, group);
1012		brelse(block_bitmap_bh);
1013
1014		if (err) {
1015			ext4_std_error(sb, err);
1016			goto out;
1017		}
1018	}
1019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1020	/* Update the relevant bg descriptor fields */
1021	if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb)) {
1022		int free;
1023		struct ext4_group_info *grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, group);
1024
1025		down_read(&grp->alloc_sem); /* protect vs itable lazyinit */
1026		ext4_lock_group(sb, group); /* while we modify the bg desc */
1027		free = EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) -
1028			ext4_itable_unused_count(sb, gdp);
1029		if (gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT)) {
1030			gdp->bg_flags &= cpu_to_le16(~EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT);
1031			free = 0;
1032		}
1033		/*
1034		 * Check the relative inode number against the last used
1035		 * relative inode number in this group. if it is greater
1036		 * we need to update the bg_itable_unused count
1037		 */
1038		if (ino > free)
1039			ext4_itable_unused_set(sb, gdp,
1040					(EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) - ino));
1041		up_read(&grp->alloc_sem);
1042	} else {
1043		ext4_lock_group(sb, group);
1044	}
1045
1046	ext4_free_inodes_set(sb, gdp, ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp) - 1);
1047	if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
1048		ext4_used_dirs_set(sb, gdp, ext4_used_dirs_count(sb, gdp) + 1);
1049		if (sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) {
1050			ext4_group_t f = ext4_flex_group(sbi, group);
1051
1052			atomic_inc(&sbi->s_flex_groups[f].used_dirs);
1053		}
1054	}
1055	if (ext4_has_group_desc_csum(sb)) {
1056		ext4_inode_bitmap_csum_set(sb, group, gdp, inode_bitmap_bh,
1057					   EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
1058		ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, group, gdp);
1059	}
1060	ext4_unlock_group(sb, group);
1061
 
 
 
 
 
1062	BUFFER_TRACE(group_desc_bh, "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
1063	err = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL, group_desc_bh);
1064	if (err) {
1065		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
1066		goto out;
1067	}
1068
1069	percpu_counter_dec(&sbi->s_freeinodes_counter);
1070	if (S_ISDIR(mode))
1071		percpu_counter_inc(&sbi->s_dirs_counter);
 
1072
1073	if (sbi->s_log_groups_per_flex) {
1074		flex_group = ext4_flex_group(sbi, group);
1075		atomic_dec(&sbi->s_flex_groups[flex_group].free_inodes);
1076	}
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1077
1078	inode->i_ino = ino + group * EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
1079	/* This is the optimal IO size (for stat), not the fs block size */
1080	inode->i_blocks = 0;
1081	inode->i_mtime = inode->i_atime = inode->i_ctime = ei->i_crtime =
1082						       current_time(inode);
1083
1084	memset(ei->i_data, 0, sizeof(ei->i_data));
1085	ei->i_dir_start_lookup = 0;
1086	ei->i_disksize = 0;
1087
1088	/* Don't inherit extent flag from directory, amongst others. */
1089	ei->i_flags =
1090		ext4_mask_flags(mode, EXT4_I(dir)->i_flags & EXT4_FL_INHERITED);
1091	ei->i_flags |= i_flags;
1092	ei->i_file_acl = 0;
1093	ei->i_dtime = 0;
1094	ei->i_block_group = group;
1095	ei->i_last_alloc_group = ~0;
1096
1097	ext4_set_inode_flags(inode);
1098	if (IS_DIRSYNC(inode))
1099		ext4_handle_sync(handle);
1100	if (insert_inode_locked(inode) < 0) {
1101		/*
1102		 * Likely a bitmap corruption causing inode to be allocated
1103		 * twice.
1104		 */
1105		err = -EIO;
1106		ext4_error(sb, "failed to insert inode %lu: doubly allocated?",
1107			   inode->i_ino);
1108		goto out;
1109	}
1110	inode->i_generation = prandom_u32();
 
 
1111
1112	/* Precompute checksum seed for inode metadata */
1113	if (ext4_has_metadata_csum(sb)) {
 
1114		__u32 csum;
 
1115		__le32 inum = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_ino);
1116		__le32 gen = cpu_to_le32(inode->i_generation);
1117		csum = ext4_chksum(sbi, sbi->s_csum_seed, (__u8 *)&inum,
1118				   sizeof(inum));
1119		ei->i_csum_seed = ext4_chksum(sbi, csum, (__u8 *)&gen,
1120					      sizeof(gen));
1121	}
1122
1123	ext4_clear_state_flags(ei); /* Only relevant on 32-bit archs */
1124	ext4_set_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_NEW);
1125
1126	ei->i_extra_isize = sbi->s_want_extra_isize;
1127	ei->i_inline_off = 0;
1128	if (ext4_has_feature_inline_data(sb))
1129		ext4_set_inode_state(inode, EXT4_STATE_MAY_INLINE_DATA);
1130	ret = inode;
 
1131	err = dquot_alloc_inode(inode);
1132	if (err)
1133		goto fail_drop;
1134
1135	/*
1136	 * Since the encryption xattr will always be unique, create it first so
1137	 * that it's less likely to end up in an external xattr block and
1138	 * prevent its deduplication.
1139	 */
1140	if (encrypt) {
1141		err = fscrypt_inherit_context(dir, inode, handle, true);
1142		if (err)
1143			goto fail_free_drop;
1144	}
1145
1146	if (!(ei->i_flags & EXT4_EA_INODE_FL)) {
1147		err = ext4_init_acl(handle, inode, dir);
1148		if (err)
1149			goto fail_free_drop;
1150
1151		err = ext4_init_security(handle, inode, dir, qstr);
1152		if (err)
1153			goto fail_free_drop;
1154	}
1155
1156	if (ext4_has_feature_extents(sb)) {
1157		/* set extent flag only for directory, file and normal symlink*/
1158		if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)) {
1159			ext4_set_inode_flag(inode, EXT4_INODE_EXTENTS);
1160			ext4_ext_tree_init(handle, inode);
1161		}
1162	}
1163
1164	if (ext4_handle_valid(handle)) {
1165		ei->i_sync_tid = handle->h_transaction->t_tid;
1166		ei->i_datasync_tid = handle->h_transaction->t_tid;
1167	}
1168
1169	err = ext4_mark_inode_dirty(handle, inode);
1170	if (err) {
1171		ext4_std_error(sb, err);
1172		goto fail_free_drop;
1173	}
1174
1175	ext4_debug("allocating inode %lu\n", inode->i_ino);
1176	trace_ext4_allocate_inode(inode, dir, mode);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1177	brelse(inode_bitmap_bh);
1178	return ret;
1179
1180fail_free_drop:
1181	dquot_free_inode(inode);
 
1182fail_drop:
 
 
1183	clear_nlink(inode);
1184	unlock_new_inode(inode);
1185out:
1186	dquot_drop(inode);
1187	inode->i_flags |= S_NOQUOTA;
1188	iput(inode);
1189	brelse(inode_bitmap_bh);
1190	return ERR_PTR(err);
1191}
1192
1193/* Verify that we are loading a valid orphan from disk */
1194struct inode *ext4_orphan_get(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long ino)
1195{
1196	unsigned long max_ino = le32_to_cpu(EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es->s_inodes_count);
1197	ext4_group_t block_group;
1198	int bit;
1199	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
1200	struct inode *inode = NULL;
1201	int err = -EFSCORRUPTED;
1202
1203	if (ino < EXT4_FIRST_INO(sb) || ino > max_ino)
1204		goto bad_orphan;
 
 
 
1205
1206	block_group = (ino - 1) / EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
1207	bit = (ino - 1) % EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb);
1208	bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, block_group);
1209	if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
1210		ext4_error(sb, "inode bitmap error %ld for orphan %lu",
1211			   ino, PTR_ERR(bitmap_bh));
1212		return (struct inode *) bitmap_bh;
1213	}
1214
1215	/* Having the inode bit set should be a 100% indicator that this
1216	 * is a valid orphan (no e2fsck run on fs).  Orphans also include
1217	 * inodes that were being truncated, so we can't check i_nlink==0.
1218	 */
1219	if (!ext4_test_bit(bit, bitmap_bh->b_data))
1220		goto bad_orphan;
1221
1222	inode = ext4_iget(sb, ino);
1223	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
1224		err = PTR_ERR(inode);
1225		ext4_error(sb, "couldn't read orphan inode %lu (err %d)",
1226			   ino, err);
1227		return inode;
1228	}
1229
1230	/*
1231	 * If the orphans has i_nlinks > 0 then it should be able to
1232	 * be truncated, otherwise it won't be removed from the orphan
1233	 * list during processing and an infinite loop will result.
1234	 * Similarly, it must not be a bad inode.
1235	 */
1236	if ((inode->i_nlink && !ext4_can_truncate(inode)) ||
1237	    is_bad_inode(inode))
1238		goto bad_orphan;
1239
1240	if (NEXT_ORPHAN(inode) > max_ino)
1241		goto bad_orphan;
1242	brelse(bitmap_bh);
1243	return inode;
1244
 
 
 
1245bad_orphan:
1246	ext4_error(sb, "bad orphan inode %lu", ino);
1247	if (bitmap_bh)
1248		printk(KERN_ERR "ext4_test_bit(bit=%d, block=%llu) = %d\n",
1249		       bit, (unsigned long long)bitmap_bh->b_blocknr,
1250		       ext4_test_bit(bit, bitmap_bh->b_data));
1251	if (inode) {
1252		printk(KERN_ERR "is_bad_inode(inode)=%d\n",
1253		       is_bad_inode(inode));
1254		printk(KERN_ERR "NEXT_ORPHAN(inode)=%u\n",
1255		       NEXT_ORPHAN(inode));
1256		printk(KERN_ERR "max_ino=%lu\n", max_ino);
1257		printk(KERN_ERR "i_nlink=%u\n", inode->i_nlink);
1258		/* Avoid freeing blocks if we got a bad deleted inode */
1259		if (inode->i_nlink == 0)
1260			inode->i_blocks = 0;
1261		iput(inode);
1262	}
1263	brelse(bitmap_bh);
 
1264	return ERR_PTR(err);
1265}
1266
1267unsigned long ext4_count_free_inodes(struct super_block *sb)
1268{
1269	unsigned long desc_count;
1270	struct ext4_group_desc *gdp;
1271	ext4_group_t i, ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
1272#ifdef EXT4FS_DEBUG
1273	struct ext4_super_block *es;
1274	unsigned long bitmap_count, x;
1275	struct buffer_head *bitmap_bh = NULL;
1276
1277	es = EXT4_SB(sb)->s_es;
1278	desc_count = 0;
1279	bitmap_count = 0;
1280	gdp = NULL;
1281	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
1282		gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
1283		if (!gdp)
1284			continue;
1285		desc_count += ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp);
1286		brelse(bitmap_bh);
1287		bitmap_bh = ext4_read_inode_bitmap(sb, i);
1288		if (IS_ERR(bitmap_bh)) {
1289			bitmap_bh = NULL;
1290			continue;
1291		}
1292
1293		x = ext4_count_free(bitmap_bh->b_data,
1294				    EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) / 8);
1295		printk(KERN_DEBUG "group %lu: stored = %d, counted = %lu\n",
1296			(unsigned long) i, ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp), x);
1297		bitmap_count += x;
1298	}
1299	brelse(bitmap_bh);
1300	printk(KERN_DEBUG "ext4_count_free_inodes: "
1301	       "stored = %u, computed = %lu, %lu\n",
1302	       le32_to_cpu(es->s_free_inodes_count), desc_count, bitmap_count);
1303	return desc_count;
1304#else
1305	desc_count = 0;
1306	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
1307		gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
1308		if (!gdp)
1309			continue;
1310		desc_count += ext4_free_inodes_count(sb, gdp);
1311		cond_resched();
1312	}
1313	return desc_count;
1314#endif
1315}
1316
1317/* Called at mount-time, super-block is locked */
1318unsigned long ext4_count_dirs(struct super_block * sb)
1319{
1320	unsigned long count = 0;
1321	ext4_group_t i, ngroups = ext4_get_groups_count(sb);
1322
1323	for (i = 0; i < ngroups; i++) {
1324		struct ext4_group_desc *gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, i, NULL);
1325		if (!gdp)
1326			continue;
1327		count += ext4_used_dirs_count(sb, gdp);
1328	}
1329	return count;
1330}
1331
1332/*
1333 * Zeroes not yet zeroed inode table - just write zeroes through the whole
1334 * inode table. Must be called without any spinlock held. The only place
1335 * where it is called from on active part of filesystem is ext4lazyinit
1336 * thread, so we do not need any special locks, however we have to prevent
1337 * inode allocation from the current group, so we take alloc_sem lock, to
1338 * block ext4_new_inode() until we are finished.
1339 */
1340int ext4_init_inode_table(struct super_block *sb, ext4_group_t group,
1341				 int barrier)
1342{
1343	struct ext4_group_info *grp = ext4_get_group_info(sb, group);
1344	struct ext4_sb_info *sbi = EXT4_SB(sb);
1345	struct ext4_group_desc *gdp = NULL;
1346	struct buffer_head *group_desc_bh;
1347	handle_t *handle;
1348	ext4_fsblk_t blk;
1349	int num, ret = 0, used_blks = 0;
1350
1351	/* This should not happen, but just to be sure check this */
1352	if (sb_rdonly(sb)) {
1353		ret = 1;
1354		goto out;
1355	}
1356
1357	gdp = ext4_get_group_desc(sb, group, &group_desc_bh);
1358	if (!gdp)
1359		goto out;
1360
1361	/*
1362	 * We do not need to lock this, because we are the only one
1363	 * handling this flag.
1364	 */
1365	if (gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_ZEROED))
1366		goto out;
1367
1368	handle = ext4_journal_start_sb(sb, EXT4_HT_MISC, 1);
1369	if (IS_ERR(handle)) {
1370		ret = PTR_ERR(handle);
1371		goto out;
1372	}
1373
1374	down_write(&grp->alloc_sem);
1375	/*
1376	 * If inode bitmap was already initialized there may be some
1377	 * used inodes so we need to skip blocks with used inodes in
1378	 * inode table.
1379	 */
1380	if (!(gdp->bg_flags & cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_UNINIT)))
1381		used_blks = DIV_ROUND_UP((EXT4_INODES_PER_GROUP(sb) -
1382			    ext4_itable_unused_count(sb, gdp)),
1383			    sbi->s_inodes_per_block);
1384
1385	if ((used_blks < 0) || (used_blks > sbi->s_itb_per_group)) {
1386		ext4_error(sb, "Something is wrong with group %u: "
1387			   "used itable blocks: %d; "
1388			   "itable unused count: %u",
1389			   group, used_blks,
1390			   ext4_itable_unused_count(sb, gdp));
1391		ret = 1;
1392		goto err_out;
1393	}
1394
1395	blk = ext4_inode_table(sb, gdp) + used_blks;
1396	num = sbi->s_itb_per_group - used_blks;
1397
1398	BUFFER_TRACE(group_desc_bh, "get_write_access");
1399	ret = ext4_journal_get_write_access(handle,
1400					    group_desc_bh);
1401	if (ret)
1402		goto err_out;
1403
1404	/*
1405	 * Skip zeroout if the inode table is full. But we set the ZEROED
1406	 * flag anyway, because obviously, when it is full it does not need
1407	 * further zeroing.
1408	 */
1409	if (unlikely(num == 0))
1410		goto skip_zeroout;
1411
1412	ext4_debug("going to zero out inode table in group %d\n",
1413		   group);
1414	ret = sb_issue_zeroout(sb, blk, num, GFP_NOFS);
1415	if (ret < 0)
1416		goto err_out;
1417	if (barrier)
1418		blkdev_issue_flush(sb->s_bdev, GFP_NOFS, NULL);
1419
1420skip_zeroout:
1421	ext4_lock_group(sb, group);
1422	gdp->bg_flags |= cpu_to_le16(EXT4_BG_INODE_ZEROED);
1423	ext4_group_desc_csum_set(sb, group, gdp);
1424	ext4_unlock_group(sb, group);
1425
1426	BUFFER_TRACE(group_desc_bh,
1427		     "call ext4_handle_dirty_metadata");
1428	ret = ext4_handle_dirty_metadata(handle, NULL,
1429					 group_desc_bh);
1430
1431err_out:
1432	up_write(&grp->alloc_sem);
1433	ext4_journal_stop(handle);
1434out:
1435	return ret;
1436}