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v3.1
 
   1/*
   2 * Swap block device support for MTDs
   3 * Turns an MTD device into a swap device with block wear leveling
   4 *
   5 * Copyright © 2007,2011 Nokia Corporation. All rights reserved.
   6 *
   7 * Authors: Jarkko Lavinen <jarkko.lavinen@nokia.com>
   8 *
   9 * Based on Richard Purdie's earlier implementation in 2007. Background
  10 * support and lock-less operation written by Adrian Hunter.
  11 *
  12 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  13 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
  14 * version 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
  15 *
  16 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  17 * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  18 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  19 * General Public License for more details.
  20 *
  21 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  22 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  23 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
  24 * 02110-1301 USA
  25 */
  26
  27#include <linux/kernel.h>
  28#include <linux/module.h>
  29#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
  30#include <linux/mtd/blktrans.h>
  31#include <linux/rbtree.h>
  32#include <linux/sched.h>
  33#include <linux/slab.h>
  34#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
  35#include <linux/genhd.h>
  36#include <linux/swap.h>
  37#include <linux/debugfs.h>
  38#include <linux/seq_file.h>
  39#include <linux/device.h>
  40#include <linux/math64.h>
  41
  42#define MTDSWAP_PREFIX "mtdswap"
  43
  44/*
  45 * The number of free eraseblocks when GC should stop
  46 */
  47#define CLEAN_BLOCK_THRESHOLD	20
  48
  49/*
  50 * Number of free eraseblocks below which GC can also collect low frag
  51 * blocks.
  52 */
  53#define LOW_FRAG_GC_TRESHOLD	5
  54
  55/*
  56 * Wear level cost amortization. We want to do wear leveling on the background
  57 * without disturbing gc too much. This is made by defining max GC frequency.
  58 * Frequency value 6 means 1/6 of the GC passes will pick an erase block based
  59 * on the biggest wear difference rather than the biggest dirtiness.
  60 *
  61 * The lower freq2 should be chosen so that it makes sure the maximum erase
  62 * difference will decrease even if a malicious application is deliberately
  63 * trying to make erase differences large.
  64 */
  65#define MAX_ERASE_DIFF		4000
  66#define COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE	MAX_ERASE_DIFF
  67#define COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ1	6
  68#define COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ2	4
  69
  70#define PAGE_UNDEF		UINT_MAX
  71#define BLOCK_UNDEF		UINT_MAX
  72#define BLOCK_ERROR		(UINT_MAX - 1)
  73#define BLOCK_MAX		(UINT_MAX - 2)
  74
  75#define EBLOCK_BAD		(1 << 0)
  76#define EBLOCK_NOMAGIC		(1 << 1)
  77#define EBLOCK_BITFLIP		(1 << 2)
  78#define EBLOCK_FAILED		(1 << 3)
  79#define EBLOCK_READERR		(1 << 4)
  80#define EBLOCK_IDX_SHIFT	5
  81
  82struct swap_eb {
  83	struct rb_node rb;
  84	struct rb_root *root;
  85
  86	unsigned int flags;
  87	unsigned int active_count;
  88	unsigned int erase_count;
  89	unsigned int pad;		/* speeds up pointer decremtnt */
  90};
  91
  92#define MTDSWAP_ECNT_MIN(rbroot) (rb_entry(rb_first(rbroot), struct swap_eb, \
  93				rb)->erase_count)
  94#define MTDSWAP_ECNT_MAX(rbroot) (rb_entry(rb_last(rbroot), struct swap_eb, \
  95				rb)->erase_count)
  96
  97struct mtdswap_tree {
  98	struct rb_root root;
  99	unsigned int count;
 100};
 101
 102enum {
 103	MTDSWAP_CLEAN,
 104	MTDSWAP_USED,
 105	MTDSWAP_LOWFRAG,
 106	MTDSWAP_HIFRAG,
 107	MTDSWAP_DIRTY,
 108	MTDSWAP_BITFLIP,
 109	MTDSWAP_FAILING,
 110	MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT,
 111};
 112
 113struct mtdswap_dev {
 114	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *mbd_dev;
 115	struct mtd_info *mtd;
 116	struct device *dev;
 117
 118	unsigned int *page_data;
 119	unsigned int *revmap;
 120
 121	unsigned int eblks;
 122	unsigned int spare_eblks;
 123	unsigned int pages_per_eblk;
 124	unsigned int max_erase_count;
 125	struct swap_eb *eb_data;
 126
 127	struct mtdswap_tree trees[MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT];
 128
 129	unsigned long long sect_read_count;
 130	unsigned long long sect_write_count;
 131	unsigned long long mtd_write_count;
 132	unsigned long long mtd_read_count;
 133	unsigned long long discard_count;
 134	unsigned long long discard_page_count;
 135
 136	unsigned int curr_write_pos;
 137	struct swap_eb *curr_write;
 138
 139	char *page_buf;
 140	char *oob_buf;
 141
 142	struct dentry *debugfs_root;
 143};
 144
 145struct mtdswap_oobdata {
 146	__le16 magic;
 147	__le32 count;
 148} __attribute__((packed));
 149
 150#define MTDSWAP_MAGIC_CLEAN	0x2095
 151#define MTDSWAP_MAGIC_DIRTY	(MTDSWAP_MAGIC_CLEAN + 1)
 152#define MTDSWAP_TYPE_CLEAN	0
 153#define MTDSWAP_TYPE_DIRTY	1
 154#define MTDSWAP_OOBSIZE		sizeof(struct mtdswap_oobdata)
 155
 156#define MTDSWAP_ERASE_RETRIES	3 /* Before marking erase block bad */
 157#define MTDSWAP_IO_RETRIES	3
 158
 159enum {
 160	MTDSWAP_SCANNED_CLEAN,
 161	MTDSWAP_SCANNED_DIRTY,
 162	MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BITFLIP,
 163	MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BAD,
 164};
 165
 166/*
 167 * In the worst case mtdswap_writesect() has allocated the last clean
 168 * page from the current block and is then pre-empted by the GC
 169 * thread. The thread can consume a full erase block when moving a
 170 * block.
 171 */
 172#define MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS	2
 173#define MIN_ERASE_BLOCKS	(MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS + 1)
 174
 175#define TREE_ROOT(d, name) (&d->trees[MTDSWAP_ ## name].root)
 176#define TREE_EMPTY(d, name) (TREE_ROOT(d, name)->rb_node == NULL)
 177#define TREE_NONEMPTY(d, name) (!TREE_EMPTY(d, name))
 178#define TREE_COUNT(d, name) (d->trees[MTDSWAP_ ## name].count)
 179
 180#define MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev) ((struct mtdswap_dev *)dev->priv)
 181
 182static char partitions[128] = "";
 183module_param_string(partitions, partitions, sizeof(partitions), 0444);
 184MODULE_PARM_DESC(partitions, "MTD partition numbers to use as swap "
 185		"partitions=\"1,3,5\"");
 186
 187static unsigned int spare_eblocks = 10;
 188module_param(spare_eblocks, uint, 0444);
 189MODULE_PARM_DESC(spare_eblocks, "Percentage of spare erase blocks for "
 190		"garbage collection (default 10%)");
 191
 192static bool header; /* false */
 193module_param(header, bool, 0444);
 194MODULE_PARM_DESC(header,
 195		"Include builtin swap header (default 0, without header)");
 196
 197static int mtdswap_gc(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int background);
 198
 199static loff_t mtdswap_eb_offset(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 200{
 201	return (loff_t)(eb - d->eb_data) * d->mtd->erasesize;
 202}
 203
 204static void mtdswap_eb_detach(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 205{
 206	unsigned int oldidx;
 207	struct mtdswap_tree *tp;
 208
 209	if (eb->root) {
 210		tp = container_of(eb->root, struct mtdswap_tree, root);
 211		oldidx = tp - &d->trees[0];
 212
 213		d->trees[oldidx].count--;
 214		rb_erase(&eb->rb, eb->root);
 215	}
 216}
 217
 218static void __mtdswap_rb_add(struct rb_root *root, struct swap_eb *eb)
 219{
 220	struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
 221	struct swap_eb *cur;
 222
 223	p = &root->rb_node;
 224	while (*p) {
 225		parent = *p;
 226		cur = rb_entry(parent, struct swap_eb, rb);
 227		if (eb->erase_count > cur->erase_count)
 228			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
 229		else
 230			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
 231	}
 232
 233	rb_link_node(&eb->rb, parent, p);
 234	rb_insert_color(&eb->rb, root);
 235}
 236
 237static void mtdswap_rb_add(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb, int idx)
 238{
 239	struct rb_root *root;
 240
 241	if (eb->root == &d->trees[idx].root)
 242		return;
 243
 244	mtdswap_eb_detach(d, eb);
 245	root = &d->trees[idx].root;
 246	__mtdswap_rb_add(root, eb);
 247	eb->root = root;
 248	d->trees[idx].count++;
 249}
 250
 251static struct rb_node *mtdswap_rb_index(struct rb_root *root, unsigned int idx)
 252{
 253	struct rb_node *p;
 254	unsigned int i;
 255
 256	p = rb_first(root);
 257	i = 0;
 258	while (i < idx && p) {
 259		p = rb_next(p);
 260		i++;
 261	}
 262
 263	return p;
 264}
 265
 266static int mtdswap_handle_badblock(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 267{
 268	int ret;
 269	loff_t offset;
 270
 271	d->spare_eblks--;
 272	eb->flags |= EBLOCK_BAD;
 273	mtdswap_eb_detach(d, eb);
 274	eb->root = NULL;
 275
 276	/* badblocks not supported */
 277	if (!d->mtd->block_markbad)
 278		return 1;
 279
 280	offset = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 281	dev_warn(d->dev, "Marking bad block at %08llx\n", offset);
 282	ret = d->mtd->block_markbad(d->mtd, offset);
 283
 284	if (ret) {
 285		dev_warn(d->dev, "Mark block bad failed for block at %08llx "
 286			"error %d\n", offset, ret);
 287		return ret;
 288	}
 289
 290	return 1;
 291
 292}
 293
 294static int mtdswap_handle_write_error(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 295{
 296	unsigned int marked = eb->flags & EBLOCK_FAILED;
 297	struct swap_eb *curr_write = d->curr_write;
 298
 299	eb->flags |= EBLOCK_FAILED;
 300	if (curr_write == eb) {
 301		d->curr_write = NULL;
 302
 303		if (!marked && d->curr_write_pos != 0) {
 304			mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_FAILING);
 305			return 0;
 306		}
 307	}
 308
 309	return mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
 310}
 311
 312static int mtdswap_read_oob(struct mtdswap_dev *d, loff_t from,
 313			struct mtd_oob_ops *ops)
 314{
 315	int ret = d->mtd->read_oob(d->mtd, from, ops);
 316
 317	if (ret == -EUCLEAN)
 318		return ret;
 319
 320	if (ret) {
 321		dev_warn(d->dev, "Read OOB failed %d for block at %08llx\n",
 322			ret, from);
 323		return ret;
 324	}
 325
 326	if (ops->oobretlen < ops->ooblen) {
 327		dev_warn(d->dev, "Read OOB return short read (%zd bytes not "
 328			"%zd) for block at %08llx\n",
 329			ops->oobretlen, ops->ooblen, from);
 330		return -EIO;
 331	}
 332
 333	return 0;
 334}
 335
 336static int mtdswap_read_markers(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 337{
 338	struct mtdswap_oobdata *data, *data2;
 339	int ret;
 340	loff_t offset;
 341	struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
 342
 343	offset = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 344
 345	/* Check first if the block is bad. */
 346	if (d->mtd->block_isbad && d->mtd->block_isbad(d->mtd, offset))
 347		return MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BAD;
 348
 349	ops.ooblen = 2 * d->mtd->ecclayout->oobavail;
 350	ops.oobbuf = d->oob_buf;
 351	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 352	ops.datbuf = NULL;
 353	ops.mode = MTD_OOB_AUTO;
 354
 355	ret = mtdswap_read_oob(d, offset, &ops);
 356
 357	if (ret && ret != -EUCLEAN)
 358		return ret;
 359
 360	data = (struct mtdswap_oobdata *)d->oob_buf;
 361	data2 = (struct mtdswap_oobdata *)
 362		(d->oob_buf + d->mtd->ecclayout->oobavail);
 363
 364	if (le16_to_cpu(data->magic) == MTDSWAP_MAGIC_CLEAN) {
 365		eb->erase_count = le32_to_cpu(data->count);
 366		if (ret == -EUCLEAN)
 367			ret = MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BITFLIP;
 368		else {
 369			if (le16_to_cpu(data2->magic) == MTDSWAP_MAGIC_DIRTY)
 370				ret = MTDSWAP_SCANNED_DIRTY;
 371			else
 372				ret = MTDSWAP_SCANNED_CLEAN;
 373		}
 374	} else {
 375		eb->flags |= EBLOCK_NOMAGIC;
 376		ret = MTDSWAP_SCANNED_DIRTY;
 377	}
 378
 379	return ret;
 380}
 381
 382static int mtdswap_write_marker(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb,
 383				u16 marker)
 384{
 385	struct mtdswap_oobdata n;
 386	int ret;
 387	loff_t offset;
 388	struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
 389
 390	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 391	ops.oobbuf = (uint8_t *)&n;
 392	ops.mode = MTD_OOB_AUTO;
 393	ops.datbuf = NULL;
 394
 395	if (marker == MTDSWAP_TYPE_CLEAN) {
 396		n.magic = cpu_to_le16(MTDSWAP_MAGIC_CLEAN);
 397		n.count = cpu_to_le32(eb->erase_count);
 398		ops.ooblen = MTDSWAP_OOBSIZE;
 399		offset = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 400	} else {
 401		n.magic = cpu_to_le16(MTDSWAP_MAGIC_DIRTY);
 402		ops.ooblen = sizeof(n.magic);
 403		offset = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb) + d->mtd->writesize;
 404	}
 405
 406	ret = d->mtd->write_oob(d->mtd, offset , &ops);
 407
 408	if (ret) {
 409		dev_warn(d->dev, "Write OOB failed for block at %08llx "
 410			"error %d\n", offset, ret);
 411		if (ret == -EIO || ret == -EBADMSG)
 412			mtdswap_handle_write_error(d, eb);
 413		return ret;
 414	}
 415
 416	if (ops.oobretlen != ops.ooblen) {
 417		dev_warn(d->dev, "Short OOB write for block at %08llx: "
 418			"%zd not %zd\n",
 419			offset, ops.oobretlen, ops.ooblen);
 420		return ret;
 421	}
 422
 423	return 0;
 424}
 425
 426/*
 427 * Are there any erase blocks without MAGIC_CLEAN header, presumably
 428 * because power was cut off after erase but before header write? We
 429 * need to guestimate the erase count.
 430 */
 431static void mtdswap_check_counts(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 432{
 433	struct rb_root hist_root = RB_ROOT;
 434	struct rb_node *medrb;
 435	struct swap_eb *eb;
 436	unsigned int i, cnt, median;
 437
 438	cnt = 0;
 439	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++) {
 440		eb = d->eb_data + i;
 441
 442		if (eb->flags & (EBLOCK_NOMAGIC | EBLOCK_BAD | EBLOCK_READERR))
 443			continue;
 444
 445		__mtdswap_rb_add(&hist_root, eb);
 446		cnt++;
 447	}
 448
 449	if (cnt == 0)
 450		return;
 451
 452	medrb = mtdswap_rb_index(&hist_root, cnt / 2);
 453	median = rb_entry(medrb, struct swap_eb, rb)->erase_count;
 454
 455	d->max_erase_count = MTDSWAP_ECNT_MAX(&hist_root);
 456
 457	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++) {
 458		eb = d->eb_data + i;
 459
 460		if (eb->flags & (EBLOCK_NOMAGIC | EBLOCK_READERR))
 461			eb->erase_count = median;
 462
 463		if (eb->flags & (EBLOCK_NOMAGIC | EBLOCK_BAD | EBLOCK_READERR))
 464			continue;
 465
 466		rb_erase(&eb->rb, &hist_root);
 467	}
 468}
 469
 470static void mtdswap_scan_eblks(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 471{
 472	int status;
 473	unsigned int i, idx;
 474	struct swap_eb *eb;
 475
 476	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++) {
 477		eb = d->eb_data + i;
 478
 479		status = mtdswap_read_markers(d, eb);
 480		if (status < 0)
 481			eb->flags |= EBLOCK_READERR;
 482		else if (status == MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BAD) {
 483			eb->flags |= EBLOCK_BAD;
 484			continue;
 485		}
 486
 487		switch (status) {
 488		case MTDSWAP_SCANNED_CLEAN:
 489			idx = MTDSWAP_CLEAN;
 490			break;
 491		case MTDSWAP_SCANNED_DIRTY:
 492		case MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BITFLIP:
 493			idx = MTDSWAP_DIRTY;
 494			break;
 495		default:
 496			idx = MTDSWAP_FAILING;
 497		}
 498
 499		eb->flags |= (idx << EBLOCK_IDX_SHIFT);
 500	}
 501
 502	mtdswap_check_counts(d);
 503
 504	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++) {
 505		eb = d->eb_data + i;
 506
 507		if (eb->flags & EBLOCK_BAD)
 508			continue;
 509
 510		idx = eb->flags >> EBLOCK_IDX_SHIFT;
 511		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, idx);
 512	}
 513}
 514
 515/*
 516 * Place eblk into a tree corresponding to its number of active blocks
 517 * it contains.
 518 */
 519static void mtdswap_store_eb(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 520{
 521	unsigned int weight = eb->active_count;
 522	unsigned int maxweight = d->pages_per_eblk;
 523
 524	if (eb == d->curr_write)
 525		return;
 526
 527	if (eb->flags & EBLOCK_BITFLIP)
 528		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_BITFLIP);
 529	else if (eb->flags & (EBLOCK_READERR | EBLOCK_FAILED))
 530		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_FAILING);
 531	if (weight == maxweight)
 532		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_USED);
 533	else if (weight == 0)
 534		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_DIRTY);
 535	else if (weight > (maxweight/2))
 536		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_LOWFRAG);
 537	else
 538		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_HIFRAG);
 539}
 540
 541
 542static void mtdswap_erase_callback(struct erase_info *done)
 543{
 544	wait_queue_head_t *wait_q = (wait_queue_head_t *)done->priv;
 545	wake_up(wait_q);
 546}
 547
 548static int mtdswap_erase_block(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 549{
 550	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
 551	struct erase_info erase;
 552	wait_queue_head_t wq;
 553	unsigned int retries = 0;
 554	int ret;
 555
 556	eb->erase_count++;
 557	if (eb->erase_count > d->max_erase_count)
 558		d->max_erase_count = eb->erase_count;
 559
 560retry:
 561	init_waitqueue_head(&wq);
 562	memset(&erase, 0, sizeof(struct erase_info));
 563
 564	erase.mtd	= mtd;
 565	erase.callback	= mtdswap_erase_callback;
 566	erase.addr	= mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 567	erase.len	= mtd->erasesize;
 568	erase.priv	= (u_long)&wq;
 569
 570	ret = mtd->erase(mtd, &erase);
 571	if (ret) {
 572		if (retries++ < MTDSWAP_ERASE_RETRIES) {
 573			dev_warn(d->dev,
 574				"erase of erase block %#llx on %s failed",
 575				erase.addr, mtd->name);
 576			yield();
 577			goto retry;
 578		}
 579
 580		dev_err(d->dev, "Cannot erase erase block %#llx on %s\n",
 581			erase.addr, mtd->name);
 582
 583		mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
 584		return -EIO;
 585	}
 586
 587	ret = wait_event_interruptible(wq, erase.state == MTD_ERASE_DONE ||
 588					   erase.state == MTD_ERASE_FAILED);
 589	if (ret) {
 590		dev_err(d->dev, "Interrupted erase block %#llx erassure on %s",
 591			erase.addr, mtd->name);
 592		return -EINTR;
 593	}
 594
 595	if (erase.state == MTD_ERASE_FAILED) {
 596		if (retries++ < MTDSWAP_ERASE_RETRIES) {
 597			dev_warn(d->dev,
 598				"erase of erase block %#llx on %s failed",
 599				erase.addr, mtd->name);
 600			yield();
 601			goto retry;
 602		}
 603
 604		mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
 605		return -EIO;
 606	}
 607
 608	return 0;
 609}
 610
 611static int mtdswap_map_free_block(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int page,
 612				unsigned int *block)
 613{
 614	int ret;
 615	struct swap_eb *old_eb = d->curr_write;
 616	struct rb_root *clean_root;
 617	struct swap_eb *eb;
 618
 619	if (old_eb == NULL || d->curr_write_pos >= d->pages_per_eblk) {
 620		do {
 621			if (TREE_EMPTY(d, CLEAN))
 622				return -ENOSPC;
 623
 624			clean_root = TREE_ROOT(d, CLEAN);
 625			eb = rb_entry(rb_first(clean_root), struct swap_eb, rb);
 626			rb_erase(&eb->rb, clean_root);
 627			eb->root = NULL;
 628			TREE_COUNT(d, CLEAN)--;
 629
 630			ret = mtdswap_write_marker(d, eb, MTDSWAP_TYPE_DIRTY);
 631		} while (ret == -EIO || ret == -EBADMSG);
 632
 633		if (ret)
 634			return ret;
 635
 636		d->curr_write_pos = 0;
 637		d->curr_write = eb;
 638		if (old_eb)
 639			mtdswap_store_eb(d, old_eb);
 640	}
 641
 642	*block = (d->curr_write - d->eb_data) * d->pages_per_eblk +
 643		d->curr_write_pos;
 644
 645	d->curr_write->active_count++;
 646	d->revmap[*block] = page;
 647	d->curr_write_pos++;
 648
 649	return 0;
 650}
 651
 652static unsigned int mtdswap_free_page_cnt(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 653{
 654	return TREE_COUNT(d, CLEAN) * d->pages_per_eblk +
 655		d->pages_per_eblk - d->curr_write_pos;
 656}
 657
 658static unsigned int mtdswap_enough_free_pages(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 659{
 660	return mtdswap_free_page_cnt(d) > d->pages_per_eblk;
 661}
 662
 663static int mtdswap_write_block(struct mtdswap_dev *d, char *buf,
 664			unsigned int page, unsigned int *bp, int gc_context)
 665{
 666	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
 667	struct swap_eb *eb;
 668	size_t retlen;
 669	loff_t writepos;
 670	int ret;
 671
 672retry:
 673	if (!gc_context)
 674		while (!mtdswap_enough_free_pages(d))
 675			if (mtdswap_gc(d, 0) > 0)
 676				return -ENOSPC;
 677
 678	ret = mtdswap_map_free_block(d, page, bp);
 679	eb = d->eb_data + (*bp / d->pages_per_eblk);
 680
 681	if (ret == -EIO || ret == -EBADMSG) {
 682		d->curr_write = NULL;
 683		eb->active_count--;
 684		d->revmap[*bp] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 685		goto retry;
 686	}
 687
 688	if (ret < 0)
 689		return ret;
 690
 691	writepos = (loff_t)*bp << PAGE_SHIFT;
 692	ret =  mtd->write(mtd, writepos, PAGE_SIZE, &retlen, buf);
 693	if (ret == -EIO || ret == -EBADMSG) {
 694		d->curr_write_pos--;
 695		eb->active_count--;
 696		d->revmap[*bp] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 697		mtdswap_handle_write_error(d, eb);
 698		goto retry;
 699	}
 700
 701	if (ret < 0) {
 702		dev_err(d->dev, "Write to MTD device failed: %d (%zd written)",
 703			ret, retlen);
 704		goto err;
 705	}
 706
 707	if (retlen != PAGE_SIZE) {
 708		dev_err(d->dev, "Short write to MTD device: %zd written",
 709			retlen);
 710		ret = -EIO;
 711		goto err;
 712	}
 713
 714	return ret;
 715
 716err:
 717	d->curr_write_pos--;
 718	eb->active_count--;
 719	d->revmap[*bp] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 720
 721	return ret;
 722}
 723
 724static int mtdswap_move_block(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int oldblock,
 725		unsigned int *newblock)
 726{
 727	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
 728	struct swap_eb *eb, *oldeb;
 729	int ret;
 730	size_t retlen;
 731	unsigned int page, retries;
 732	loff_t readpos;
 733
 734	page = d->revmap[oldblock];
 735	readpos = (loff_t) oldblock << PAGE_SHIFT;
 736	retries = 0;
 737
 738retry:
 739	ret = mtd->read(mtd, readpos, PAGE_SIZE, &retlen, d->page_buf);
 740
 741	if (ret < 0 && ret != -EUCLEAN) {
 742		oldeb = d->eb_data + oldblock / d->pages_per_eblk;
 743		oldeb->flags |= EBLOCK_READERR;
 744
 745		dev_err(d->dev, "Read Error: %d (block %u)\n", ret,
 746			oldblock);
 747		retries++;
 748		if (retries < MTDSWAP_IO_RETRIES)
 749			goto retry;
 750
 751		goto read_error;
 752	}
 753
 754	if (retlen != PAGE_SIZE) {
 755		dev_err(d->dev, "Short read: %zd (block %u)\n", retlen,
 756		       oldblock);
 757		ret = -EIO;
 758		goto read_error;
 759	}
 760
 761	ret = mtdswap_write_block(d, d->page_buf, page, newblock, 1);
 762	if (ret < 0) {
 763		d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_ERROR;
 764		dev_err(d->dev, "Write error: %d\n", ret);
 765		return ret;
 766	}
 767
 768	eb = d->eb_data + *newblock / d->pages_per_eblk;
 769	d->page_data[page] = *newblock;
 770	d->revmap[oldblock] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 771	eb = d->eb_data + oldblock / d->pages_per_eblk;
 772	eb->active_count--;
 773
 774	return 0;
 775
 776read_error:
 777	d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_ERROR;
 778	d->revmap[oldblock] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 779	return ret;
 780}
 781
 782static int mtdswap_gc_eblock(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 783{
 784	unsigned int i, block, eblk_base, newblock;
 785	int ret, errcode;
 786
 787	errcode = 0;
 788	eblk_base = (eb - d->eb_data) * d->pages_per_eblk;
 789
 790	for (i = 0; i < d->pages_per_eblk; i++) {
 791		if (d->spare_eblks < MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS)
 792			return -ENOSPC;
 793
 794		block = eblk_base + i;
 795		if (d->revmap[block] == PAGE_UNDEF)
 796			continue;
 797
 798		ret = mtdswap_move_block(d, block, &newblock);
 799		if (ret < 0 && !errcode)
 800			errcode = ret;
 801	}
 802
 803	return errcode;
 804}
 805
 806static int __mtdswap_choose_gc_tree(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 807{
 808	int idx, stopat;
 809
 810	if (TREE_COUNT(d, CLEAN) < LOW_FRAG_GC_TRESHOLD)
 811		stopat = MTDSWAP_LOWFRAG;
 812	else
 813		stopat = MTDSWAP_HIFRAG;
 814
 815	for (idx = MTDSWAP_BITFLIP; idx >= stopat; idx--)
 816		if (d->trees[idx].root.rb_node != NULL)
 817			return idx;
 818
 819	return -1;
 820}
 821
 822static int mtdswap_wlfreq(unsigned int maxdiff)
 823{
 824	unsigned int h, x, y, dist, base;
 825
 826	/*
 827	 * Calculate linear ramp down from f1 to f2 when maxdiff goes from
 828	 * MAX_ERASE_DIFF to MAX_ERASE_DIFF + COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE.  Similar
 829	 * to triangle with height f1 - f1 and width COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE.
 830	 */
 831
 832	dist = maxdiff - MAX_ERASE_DIFF;
 833	if (dist > COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE)
 834		dist = COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE;
 835
 836	/*
 837	 * Modelling the slop as right angular triangle with base
 838	 * COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE and height freq1 - freq2. The ratio y/x is
 839	 * equal to the ratio h/base.
 840	 */
 841	h = COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ1 - COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ2;
 842	base = COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE;
 843
 844	x = dist - base;
 845	y = (x * h + base / 2) / base;
 846
 847	return COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ2 + y;
 848}
 849
 850static int mtdswap_choose_wl_tree(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 851{
 852	static unsigned int pick_cnt;
 853	unsigned int i, idx = -1, wear, max;
 854	struct rb_root *root;
 855
 856	max = 0;
 857	for (i = 0; i <= MTDSWAP_DIRTY; i++) {
 858		root = &d->trees[i].root;
 859		if (root->rb_node == NULL)
 860			continue;
 861
 862		wear = d->max_erase_count - MTDSWAP_ECNT_MIN(root);
 863		if (wear > max) {
 864			max = wear;
 865			idx = i;
 866		}
 867	}
 868
 869	if (max > MAX_ERASE_DIFF && pick_cnt >= mtdswap_wlfreq(max) - 1) {
 870		pick_cnt = 0;
 871		return idx;
 872	}
 873
 874	pick_cnt++;
 875	return -1;
 876}
 877
 878static int mtdswap_choose_gc_tree(struct mtdswap_dev *d,
 879				unsigned int background)
 880{
 881	int idx;
 882
 883	if (TREE_NONEMPTY(d, FAILING) &&
 884		(background || (TREE_EMPTY(d, CLEAN) && TREE_EMPTY(d, DIRTY))))
 885		return MTDSWAP_FAILING;
 886
 887	idx = mtdswap_choose_wl_tree(d);
 888	if (idx >= MTDSWAP_CLEAN)
 889		return idx;
 890
 891	return __mtdswap_choose_gc_tree(d);
 892}
 893
 894static struct swap_eb *mtdswap_pick_gc_eblk(struct mtdswap_dev *d,
 895					unsigned int background)
 896{
 897	struct rb_root *rp = NULL;
 898	struct swap_eb *eb = NULL;
 899	int idx;
 900
 901	if (background && TREE_COUNT(d, CLEAN) > CLEAN_BLOCK_THRESHOLD &&
 902		TREE_EMPTY(d, DIRTY) && TREE_EMPTY(d, FAILING))
 903		return NULL;
 904
 905	idx = mtdswap_choose_gc_tree(d, background);
 906	if (idx < 0)
 907		return NULL;
 908
 909	rp = &d->trees[idx].root;
 910	eb = rb_entry(rb_first(rp), struct swap_eb, rb);
 911
 912	rb_erase(&eb->rb, rp);
 913	eb->root = NULL;
 914	d->trees[idx].count--;
 915	return eb;
 916}
 917
 918static unsigned int mtdswap_test_patt(unsigned int i)
 919{
 920	return i % 2 ? 0x55555555 : 0xAAAAAAAA;
 921}
 922
 923static unsigned int mtdswap_eblk_passes(struct mtdswap_dev *d,
 924					struct swap_eb *eb)
 925{
 926	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
 927	unsigned int test, i, j, patt, mtd_pages;
 928	loff_t base, pos;
 929	unsigned int *p1 = (unsigned int *)d->page_buf;
 930	unsigned char *p2 = (unsigned char *)d->oob_buf;
 931	struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
 932	int ret;
 933
 934	ops.mode = MTD_OOB_AUTO;
 935	ops.len = mtd->writesize;
 936	ops.ooblen = mtd->ecclayout->oobavail;
 937	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 938	ops.datbuf = d->page_buf;
 939	ops.oobbuf = d->oob_buf;
 940	base = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 941	mtd_pages = d->pages_per_eblk * PAGE_SIZE / mtd->writesize;
 942
 943	for (test = 0; test < 2; test++) {
 944		pos = base;
 945		for (i = 0; i < mtd_pages; i++) {
 946			patt = mtdswap_test_patt(test + i);
 947			memset(d->page_buf, patt, mtd->writesize);
 948			memset(d->oob_buf, patt, mtd->ecclayout->oobavail);
 949			ret = mtd->write_oob(mtd, pos, &ops);
 950			if (ret)
 951				goto error;
 952
 953			pos += mtd->writesize;
 954		}
 955
 956		pos = base;
 957		for (i = 0; i < mtd_pages; i++) {
 958			ret = mtd->read_oob(mtd, pos, &ops);
 959			if (ret)
 960				goto error;
 961
 962			patt = mtdswap_test_patt(test + i);
 963			for (j = 0; j < mtd->writesize/sizeof(int); j++)
 964				if (p1[j] != patt)
 965					goto error;
 966
 967			for (j = 0; j < mtd->ecclayout->oobavail; j++)
 968				if (p2[j] != (unsigned char)patt)
 969					goto error;
 970
 971			pos += mtd->writesize;
 972		}
 973
 974		ret = mtdswap_erase_block(d, eb);
 975		if (ret)
 976			goto error;
 977	}
 978
 979	eb->flags &= ~EBLOCK_READERR;
 980	return 1;
 981
 982error:
 983	mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
 984	return 0;
 985}
 986
 987static int mtdswap_gc(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int background)
 988{
 989	struct swap_eb *eb;
 990	int ret;
 991
 992	if (d->spare_eblks < MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS)
 993		return 1;
 994
 995	eb = mtdswap_pick_gc_eblk(d, background);
 996	if (!eb)
 997		return 1;
 998
 999	ret = mtdswap_gc_eblock(d, eb);
1000	if (ret == -ENOSPC)
1001		return 1;
1002
1003	if (eb->flags & EBLOCK_FAILED) {
1004		mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
1005		return 0;
1006	}
1007
1008	eb->flags &= ~EBLOCK_BITFLIP;
1009	ret = mtdswap_erase_block(d, eb);
1010	if ((eb->flags & EBLOCK_READERR) &&
1011		(ret || !mtdswap_eblk_passes(d, eb)))
1012		return 0;
1013
1014	if (ret == 0)
1015		ret = mtdswap_write_marker(d, eb, MTDSWAP_TYPE_CLEAN);
1016
1017	if (ret == 0)
1018		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_CLEAN);
1019	else if (ret != -EIO && ret != -EBADMSG)
1020		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_DIRTY);
1021
1022	return 0;
1023}
1024
1025static void mtdswap_background(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1026{
1027	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1028	int ret;
1029
1030	while (1) {
1031		ret = mtdswap_gc(d, 1);
1032		if (ret || mtd_blktrans_cease_background(dev))
1033			return;
1034	}
1035}
1036
1037static void mtdswap_cleanup(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
1038{
1039	vfree(d->eb_data);
1040	vfree(d->revmap);
1041	vfree(d->page_data);
1042	kfree(d->oob_buf);
1043	kfree(d->page_buf);
1044}
1045
1046static int mtdswap_flush(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1047{
1048	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1049
1050	if (d->mtd->sync)
1051		d->mtd->sync(d->mtd);
1052	return 0;
1053}
1054
1055static unsigned int mtdswap_badblocks(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint64_t size)
1056{
1057	loff_t offset;
1058	unsigned int badcnt;
1059
1060	badcnt = 0;
1061
1062	if (mtd->block_isbad)
1063		for (offset = 0; offset < size; offset += mtd->erasesize)
1064			if (mtd->block_isbad(mtd, offset))
1065				badcnt++;
1066
1067	return badcnt;
1068}
1069
1070static int mtdswap_writesect(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1071			unsigned long page, char *buf)
1072{
1073	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1074	unsigned int newblock, mapped;
1075	struct swap_eb *eb;
1076	int ret;
1077
1078	d->sect_write_count++;
1079
1080	if (d->spare_eblks < MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS)
1081		return -ENOSPC;
1082
1083	if (header) {
1084		/* Ignore writes to the header page */
1085		if (unlikely(page == 0))
1086			return 0;
1087
1088		page--;
1089	}
1090
1091	mapped = d->page_data[page];
1092	if (mapped <= BLOCK_MAX) {
1093		eb = d->eb_data + (mapped / d->pages_per_eblk);
1094		eb->active_count--;
1095		mtdswap_store_eb(d, eb);
1096		d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_UNDEF;
1097		d->revmap[mapped] = PAGE_UNDEF;
1098	}
1099
1100	ret = mtdswap_write_block(d, buf, page, &newblock, 0);
1101	d->mtd_write_count++;
1102
1103	if (ret < 0)
1104		return ret;
1105
1106	eb = d->eb_data + (newblock / d->pages_per_eblk);
1107	d->page_data[page] = newblock;
1108
1109	return 0;
1110}
1111
1112/* Provide a dummy swap header for the kernel */
1113static int mtdswap_auto_header(struct mtdswap_dev *d, char *buf)
1114{
1115	union swap_header *hd = (union swap_header *)(buf);
1116
1117	memset(buf, 0, PAGE_SIZE - 10);
1118
1119	hd->info.version = 1;
1120	hd->info.last_page = d->mbd_dev->size - 1;
1121	hd->info.nr_badpages = 0;
1122
1123	memcpy(buf + PAGE_SIZE - 10, "SWAPSPACE2", 10);
1124
1125	return 0;
1126}
1127
1128static int mtdswap_readsect(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1129			unsigned long page, char *buf)
1130{
1131	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1132	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
1133	unsigned int realblock, retries;
1134	loff_t readpos;
1135	struct swap_eb *eb;
1136	size_t retlen;
1137	int ret;
1138
1139	d->sect_read_count++;
1140
1141	if (header) {
1142		if (unlikely(page == 0))
1143			return mtdswap_auto_header(d, buf);
1144
1145		page--;
1146	}
1147
1148	realblock = d->page_data[page];
1149	if (realblock > BLOCK_MAX) {
1150		memset(buf, 0x0, PAGE_SIZE);
1151		if (realblock == BLOCK_UNDEF)
1152			return 0;
1153		else
1154			return -EIO;
1155	}
1156
1157	eb = d->eb_data + (realblock / d->pages_per_eblk);
1158	BUG_ON(d->revmap[realblock] == PAGE_UNDEF);
1159
1160	readpos = (loff_t)realblock << PAGE_SHIFT;
1161	retries = 0;
1162
1163retry:
1164	ret = mtd->read(mtd, readpos, PAGE_SIZE, &retlen, buf);
1165
1166	d->mtd_read_count++;
1167	if (ret == -EUCLEAN) {
1168		eb->flags |= EBLOCK_BITFLIP;
1169		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_BITFLIP);
1170		ret = 0;
1171	}
1172
1173	if (ret < 0) {
1174		dev_err(d->dev, "Read error %d\n", ret);
1175		eb->flags |= EBLOCK_READERR;
1176		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_FAILING);
1177		retries++;
1178		if (retries < MTDSWAP_IO_RETRIES)
1179			goto retry;
1180
1181		return ret;
1182	}
1183
1184	if (retlen != PAGE_SIZE) {
1185		dev_err(d->dev, "Short read %zd\n", retlen);
1186		return -EIO;
1187	}
1188
1189	return 0;
1190}
1191
1192static int mtdswap_discard(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev, unsigned long first,
1193			unsigned nr_pages)
1194{
1195	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1196	unsigned long page;
1197	struct swap_eb *eb;
1198	unsigned int mapped;
1199
1200	d->discard_count++;
1201
1202	for (page = first; page < first + nr_pages; page++) {
1203		mapped = d->page_data[page];
1204		if (mapped <= BLOCK_MAX) {
1205			eb = d->eb_data + (mapped / d->pages_per_eblk);
1206			eb->active_count--;
1207			mtdswap_store_eb(d, eb);
1208			d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_UNDEF;
1209			d->revmap[mapped] = PAGE_UNDEF;
1210			d->discard_page_count++;
1211		} else if (mapped == BLOCK_ERROR) {
1212			d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_UNDEF;
1213			d->discard_page_count++;
1214		}
1215	}
1216
1217	return 0;
1218}
1219
1220static int mtdswap_show(struct seq_file *s, void *data)
1221{
1222	struct mtdswap_dev *d = (struct mtdswap_dev *) s->private;
1223	unsigned long sum;
1224	unsigned int count[MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT];
1225	unsigned int min[MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT];
1226	unsigned int max[MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT];
1227	unsigned int i, cw = 0, cwp = 0, cwecount = 0, bb_cnt, mapped, pages;
1228	uint64_t use_size;
1229	char *name[] = {"clean", "used", "low", "high", "dirty", "bitflip",
1230			"failing"};
 
1231
1232	mutex_lock(&d->mbd_dev->lock);
1233
1234	for (i = 0; i < MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT; i++) {
1235		struct rb_root *root = &d->trees[i].root;
1236
1237		if (root->rb_node) {
1238			count[i] = d->trees[i].count;
1239			min[i] = rb_entry(rb_first(root), struct swap_eb,
1240					rb)->erase_count;
1241			max[i] = rb_entry(rb_last(root), struct swap_eb,
1242					rb)->erase_count;
1243		} else
1244			count[i] = 0;
1245	}
1246
1247	if (d->curr_write) {
1248		cw = 1;
1249		cwp = d->curr_write_pos;
1250		cwecount = d->curr_write->erase_count;
1251	}
1252
1253	sum = 0;
1254	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++)
1255		sum += d->eb_data[i].erase_count;
1256
1257	use_size = (uint64_t)d->eblks * d->mtd->erasesize;
1258	bb_cnt = mtdswap_badblocks(d->mtd, use_size);
1259
1260	mapped = 0;
1261	pages = d->mbd_dev->size;
1262	for (i = 0; i < pages; i++)
1263		if (d->page_data[i] != BLOCK_UNDEF)
1264			mapped++;
1265
1266	mutex_unlock(&d->mbd_dev->lock);
1267
1268	for (i = 0; i < MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT; i++) {
1269		if (!count[i])
1270			continue;
1271
1272		if (min[i] != max[i])
1273			seq_printf(s, "%s:\t%5d erase blocks, erased min %d, "
1274				"max %d times\n",
1275				name[i], count[i], min[i], max[i]);
1276		else
1277			seq_printf(s, "%s:\t%5d erase blocks, all erased %d "
1278				"times\n", name[i], count[i], min[i]);
1279	}
1280
1281	if (bb_cnt)
1282		seq_printf(s, "bad:\t%5u erase blocks\n", bb_cnt);
1283
1284	if (cw)
1285		seq_printf(s, "current erase block: %u pages used, %u free, "
1286			"erased %u times\n",
1287			cwp, d->pages_per_eblk - cwp, cwecount);
1288
1289	seq_printf(s, "total erasures: %lu\n", sum);
1290
1291	seq_printf(s, "\n");
1292
1293	seq_printf(s, "mtdswap_readsect count: %llu\n", d->sect_read_count);
1294	seq_printf(s, "mtdswap_writesect count: %llu\n", d->sect_write_count);
1295	seq_printf(s, "mtdswap_discard count: %llu\n", d->discard_count);
1296	seq_printf(s, "mtd read count: %llu\n", d->mtd_read_count);
1297	seq_printf(s, "mtd write count: %llu\n", d->mtd_write_count);
1298	seq_printf(s, "discarded pages count: %llu\n", d->discard_page_count);
1299
1300	seq_printf(s, "\n");
1301	seq_printf(s, "total pages: %u\n", pages);
1302	seq_printf(s, "pages mapped: %u\n", mapped);
1303
1304	return 0;
1305}
1306
1307static int mtdswap_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1308{
1309	return single_open(file, mtdswap_show, inode->i_private);
1310}
1311
1312static const struct file_operations mtdswap_fops = {
1313	.open		= mtdswap_open,
1314	.read		= seq_read,
1315	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
1316	.release	= single_release,
1317};
1318
1319static int mtdswap_add_debugfs(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
1320{
1321	struct gendisk *gd = d->mbd_dev->disk;
1322	struct device *dev = disk_to_dev(gd);
1323
1324	struct dentry *root;
1325	struct dentry *dent;
1326
1327	root = debugfs_create_dir(gd->disk_name, NULL);
1328	if (IS_ERR(root))
1329		return 0;
1330
1331	if (!root) {
1332		dev_err(dev, "failed to initialize debugfs\n");
1333		return -1;
1334	}
1335
1336	d->debugfs_root = root;
1337
1338	dent = debugfs_create_file("stats", S_IRUSR, root, d,
1339				&mtdswap_fops);
1340	if (!dent) {
1341		dev_err(d->dev, "debugfs_create_file failed\n");
1342		debugfs_remove_recursive(root);
1343		d->debugfs_root = NULL;
1344		return -1;
1345	}
1346
1347	return 0;
1348}
1349
1350static int mtdswap_init(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int eblocks,
1351			unsigned int spare_cnt)
1352{
1353	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mbd_dev->mtd;
1354	unsigned int i, eblk_bytes, pages, blocks;
1355	int ret = -ENOMEM;
1356
1357	d->mtd = mtd;
1358	d->eblks = eblocks;
1359	d->spare_eblks = spare_cnt;
1360	d->pages_per_eblk = mtd->erasesize >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1361
1362	pages = d->mbd_dev->size;
1363	blocks = eblocks * d->pages_per_eblk;
1364
1365	for (i = 0; i < MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT; i++)
1366		d->trees[i].root = RB_ROOT;
1367
1368	d->page_data = vmalloc(sizeof(int)*pages);
1369	if (!d->page_data)
1370		goto page_data_fail;
1371
1372	d->revmap = vmalloc(sizeof(int)*blocks);
1373	if (!d->revmap)
1374		goto revmap_fail;
1375
1376	eblk_bytes = sizeof(struct swap_eb)*d->eblks;
1377	d->eb_data = vmalloc(eblk_bytes);
1378	if (!d->eb_data)
1379		goto eb_data_fail;
1380
1381	memset(d->eb_data, 0, eblk_bytes);
1382	for (i = 0; i < pages; i++)
1383		d->page_data[i] = BLOCK_UNDEF;
1384
1385	for (i = 0; i < blocks; i++)
1386		d->revmap[i] = PAGE_UNDEF;
1387
1388	d->page_buf = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
1389	if (!d->page_buf)
1390		goto page_buf_fail;
1391
1392	d->oob_buf = kmalloc(2 * mtd->ecclayout->oobavail, GFP_KERNEL);
1393	if (!d->oob_buf)
1394		goto oob_buf_fail;
1395
1396	mtdswap_scan_eblks(d);
1397
1398	return 0;
1399
1400oob_buf_fail:
1401	kfree(d->page_buf);
1402page_buf_fail:
1403	vfree(d->eb_data);
1404eb_data_fail:
1405	vfree(d->revmap);
1406revmap_fail:
1407	vfree(d->page_data);
1408page_data_fail:
1409	printk(KERN_ERR "%s: init failed (%d)\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, ret);
1410	return ret;
1411}
1412
1413static void mtdswap_add_mtd(struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr, struct mtd_info *mtd)
1414{
1415	struct mtdswap_dev *d;
1416	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *mbd_dev;
1417	char *parts;
1418	char *this_opt;
1419	unsigned long part;
1420	unsigned int eblocks, eavailable, bad_blocks, spare_cnt;
1421	uint64_t swap_size, use_size, size_limit;
1422	struct nand_ecclayout *oinfo;
1423	int ret;
1424
1425	parts = &partitions[0];
1426	if (!*parts)
1427		return;
1428
1429	while ((this_opt = strsep(&parts, ",")) != NULL) {
1430		if (strict_strtoul(this_opt, 0, &part) < 0)
1431			return;
1432
1433		if (mtd->index == part)
1434			break;
1435	}
1436
1437	if (mtd->index != part)
1438		return;
1439
1440	if (mtd->erasesize < PAGE_SIZE || mtd->erasesize % PAGE_SIZE) {
1441		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Erase size %u not multiple of PAGE_SIZE "
1442			"%lu\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, mtd->erasesize, PAGE_SIZE);
1443		return;
1444	}
1445
1446	if (PAGE_SIZE % mtd->writesize || mtd->writesize > PAGE_SIZE) {
1447		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: PAGE_SIZE %lu not multiple of write size"
1448			" %u\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, PAGE_SIZE, mtd->writesize);
1449		return;
1450	}
1451
1452	oinfo = mtd->ecclayout;
1453	if (!oinfo) {
1454		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: mtd%d does not have OOB\n",
1455			MTDSWAP_PREFIX, mtd->index);
1456		return;
1457	}
1458
1459	if (!mtd->oobsize || oinfo->oobavail < MTDSWAP_OOBSIZE) {
1460		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Not enough free bytes in OOB, "
1461			"%d available, %zu needed.\n",
1462			MTDSWAP_PREFIX, oinfo->oobavail, MTDSWAP_OOBSIZE);
1463		return;
1464	}
1465
1466	if (spare_eblocks > 100)
1467		spare_eblocks = 100;
1468
1469	use_size = mtd->size;
1470	size_limit = (uint64_t) BLOCK_MAX * PAGE_SIZE;
1471
1472	if (mtd->size > size_limit) {
1473		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Device too large. Limiting size to "
1474			"%llu bytes\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, size_limit);
1475		use_size = size_limit;
1476	}
1477
1478	eblocks = mtd_div_by_eb(use_size, mtd);
1479	use_size = eblocks * mtd->erasesize;
1480	bad_blocks = mtdswap_badblocks(mtd, use_size);
1481	eavailable = eblocks - bad_blocks;
1482
1483	if (eavailable < MIN_ERASE_BLOCKS) {
1484		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Not enough erase blocks. %u available, "
1485			"%d needed\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, eavailable,
1486			MIN_ERASE_BLOCKS);
1487		return;
1488	}
1489
1490	spare_cnt = div_u64((uint64_t)eavailable * spare_eblocks, 100);
1491
1492	if (spare_cnt < MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS)
1493		spare_cnt = MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS;
1494
1495	if (spare_cnt > eavailable - 1)
1496		spare_cnt = eavailable - 1;
1497
1498	swap_size = (uint64_t)(eavailable - spare_cnt) * mtd->erasesize +
1499		(header ? PAGE_SIZE : 0);
1500
1501	printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Enabling MTD swap on device %lu, size %llu KB, "
1502		"%u spare, %u bad blocks\n",
1503		MTDSWAP_PREFIX, part, swap_size / 1024, spare_cnt, bad_blocks);
1504
1505	d = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mtdswap_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
1506	if (!d)
1507		return;
1508
1509	mbd_dev = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mtd_blktrans_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
1510	if (!mbd_dev) {
1511		kfree(d);
1512		return;
1513	}
1514
1515	d->mbd_dev = mbd_dev;
1516	mbd_dev->priv = d;
1517
1518	mbd_dev->mtd = mtd;
1519	mbd_dev->devnum = mtd->index;
1520	mbd_dev->size = swap_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1521	mbd_dev->tr = tr;
1522
1523	if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE))
1524		mbd_dev->readonly = 1;
1525
1526	if (mtdswap_init(d, eblocks, spare_cnt) < 0)
1527		goto init_failed;
1528
1529	if (add_mtd_blktrans_dev(mbd_dev) < 0)
1530		goto cleanup;
1531
1532	d->dev = disk_to_dev(mbd_dev->disk);
1533
1534	ret = mtdswap_add_debugfs(d);
1535	if (ret < 0)
1536		goto debugfs_failed;
1537
1538	return;
1539
1540debugfs_failed:
1541	del_mtd_blktrans_dev(mbd_dev);
1542
1543cleanup:
1544	mtdswap_cleanup(d);
1545
1546init_failed:
1547	kfree(mbd_dev);
1548	kfree(d);
1549}
1550
1551static void mtdswap_remove_dev(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1552{
1553	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1554
1555	debugfs_remove_recursive(d->debugfs_root);
1556	del_mtd_blktrans_dev(dev);
1557	mtdswap_cleanup(d);
1558	kfree(d);
1559}
1560
1561static struct mtd_blktrans_ops mtdswap_ops = {
1562	.name		= "mtdswap",
1563	.major		= 0,
1564	.part_bits	= 0,
1565	.blksize	= PAGE_SIZE,
1566	.flush		= mtdswap_flush,
1567	.readsect	= mtdswap_readsect,
1568	.writesect	= mtdswap_writesect,
1569	.discard	= mtdswap_discard,
1570	.background	= mtdswap_background,
1571	.add_mtd	= mtdswap_add_mtd,
1572	.remove_dev	= mtdswap_remove_dev,
1573	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
1574};
1575
1576static int __init mtdswap_modinit(void)
1577{
1578	return register_mtd_blktrans(&mtdswap_ops);
1579}
1580
1581static void __exit mtdswap_modexit(void)
1582{
1583	deregister_mtd_blktrans(&mtdswap_ops);
1584}
1585
1586module_init(mtdswap_modinit);
1587module_exit(mtdswap_modexit);
1588
1589
1590MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1591MODULE_AUTHOR("Jarkko Lavinen <jarkko.lavinen@nokia.com>");
1592MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Block device access to an MTD suitable for using as "
1593		"swap space");
v5.9
   1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
   2/*
   3 * Swap block device support for MTDs
   4 * Turns an MTD device into a swap device with block wear leveling
   5 *
   6 * Copyright © 2007,2011 Nokia Corporation. All rights reserved.
   7 *
   8 * Authors: Jarkko Lavinen <jarkko.lavinen@nokia.com>
   9 *
  10 * Based on Richard Purdie's earlier implementation in 2007. Background
  11 * support and lock-less operation written by Adrian Hunter.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  12 */
  13
  14#include <linux/kernel.h>
  15#include <linux/module.h>
  16#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
  17#include <linux/mtd/blktrans.h>
  18#include <linux/rbtree.h>
  19#include <linux/sched.h>
  20#include <linux/slab.h>
  21#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
  22#include <linux/genhd.h>
  23#include <linux/swap.h>
  24#include <linux/debugfs.h>
  25#include <linux/seq_file.h>
  26#include <linux/device.h>
  27#include <linux/math64.h>
  28
  29#define MTDSWAP_PREFIX "mtdswap"
  30
  31/*
  32 * The number of free eraseblocks when GC should stop
  33 */
  34#define CLEAN_BLOCK_THRESHOLD	20
  35
  36/*
  37 * Number of free eraseblocks below which GC can also collect low frag
  38 * blocks.
  39 */
  40#define LOW_FRAG_GC_THRESHOLD	5
  41
  42/*
  43 * Wear level cost amortization. We want to do wear leveling on the background
  44 * without disturbing gc too much. This is made by defining max GC frequency.
  45 * Frequency value 6 means 1/6 of the GC passes will pick an erase block based
  46 * on the biggest wear difference rather than the biggest dirtiness.
  47 *
  48 * The lower freq2 should be chosen so that it makes sure the maximum erase
  49 * difference will decrease even if a malicious application is deliberately
  50 * trying to make erase differences large.
  51 */
  52#define MAX_ERASE_DIFF		4000
  53#define COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE	MAX_ERASE_DIFF
  54#define COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ1	6
  55#define COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ2	4
  56
  57#define PAGE_UNDEF		UINT_MAX
  58#define BLOCK_UNDEF		UINT_MAX
  59#define BLOCK_ERROR		(UINT_MAX - 1)
  60#define BLOCK_MAX		(UINT_MAX - 2)
  61
  62#define EBLOCK_BAD		(1 << 0)
  63#define EBLOCK_NOMAGIC		(1 << 1)
  64#define EBLOCK_BITFLIP		(1 << 2)
  65#define EBLOCK_FAILED		(1 << 3)
  66#define EBLOCK_READERR		(1 << 4)
  67#define EBLOCK_IDX_SHIFT	5
  68
  69struct swap_eb {
  70	struct rb_node rb;
  71	struct rb_root *root;
  72
  73	unsigned int flags;
  74	unsigned int active_count;
  75	unsigned int erase_count;
  76	unsigned int pad;		/* speeds up pointer decrement */
  77};
  78
  79#define MTDSWAP_ECNT_MIN(rbroot) (rb_entry(rb_first(rbroot), struct swap_eb, \
  80				rb)->erase_count)
  81#define MTDSWAP_ECNT_MAX(rbroot) (rb_entry(rb_last(rbroot), struct swap_eb, \
  82				rb)->erase_count)
  83
  84struct mtdswap_tree {
  85	struct rb_root root;
  86	unsigned int count;
  87};
  88
  89enum {
  90	MTDSWAP_CLEAN,
  91	MTDSWAP_USED,
  92	MTDSWAP_LOWFRAG,
  93	MTDSWAP_HIFRAG,
  94	MTDSWAP_DIRTY,
  95	MTDSWAP_BITFLIP,
  96	MTDSWAP_FAILING,
  97	MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT,
  98};
  99
 100struct mtdswap_dev {
 101	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *mbd_dev;
 102	struct mtd_info *mtd;
 103	struct device *dev;
 104
 105	unsigned int *page_data;
 106	unsigned int *revmap;
 107
 108	unsigned int eblks;
 109	unsigned int spare_eblks;
 110	unsigned int pages_per_eblk;
 111	unsigned int max_erase_count;
 112	struct swap_eb *eb_data;
 113
 114	struct mtdswap_tree trees[MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT];
 115
 116	unsigned long long sect_read_count;
 117	unsigned long long sect_write_count;
 118	unsigned long long mtd_write_count;
 119	unsigned long long mtd_read_count;
 120	unsigned long long discard_count;
 121	unsigned long long discard_page_count;
 122
 123	unsigned int curr_write_pos;
 124	struct swap_eb *curr_write;
 125
 126	char *page_buf;
 127	char *oob_buf;
 
 
 128};
 129
 130struct mtdswap_oobdata {
 131	__le16 magic;
 132	__le32 count;
 133} __packed;
 134
 135#define MTDSWAP_MAGIC_CLEAN	0x2095
 136#define MTDSWAP_MAGIC_DIRTY	(MTDSWAP_MAGIC_CLEAN + 1)
 137#define MTDSWAP_TYPE_CLEAN	0
 138#define MTDSWAP_TYPE_DIRTY	1
 139#define MTDSWAP_OOBSIZE		sizeof(struct mtdswap_oobdata)
 140
 141#define MTDSWAP_ERASE_RETRIES	3 /* Before marking erase block bad */
 142#define MTDSWAP_IO_RETRIES	3
 143
 144enum {
 145	MTDSWAP_SCANNED_CLEAN,
 146	MTDSWAP_SCANNED_DIRTY,
 147	MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BITFLIP,
 148	MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BAD,
 149};
 150
 151/*
 152 * In the worst case mtdswap_writesect() has allocated the last clean
 153 * page from the current block and is then pre-empted by the GC
 154 * thread. The thread can consume a full erase block when moving a
 155 * block.
 156 */
 157#define MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS	2
 158#define MIN_ERASE_BLOCKS	(MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS + 1)
 159
 160#define TREE_ROOT(d, name) (&d->trees[MTDSWAP_ ## name].root)
 161#define TREE_EMPTY(d, name) (TREE_ROOT(d, name)->rb_node == NULL)
 162#define TREE_NONEMPTY(d, name) (!TREE_EMPTY(d, name))
 163#define TREE_COUNT(d, name) (d->trees[MTDSWAP_ ## name].count)
 164
 165#define MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev) ((struct mtdswap_dev *)dev->priv)
 166
 167static char partitions[128] = "";
 168module_param_string(partitions, partitions, sizeof(partitions), 0444);
 169MODULE_PARM_DESC(partitions, "MTD partition numbers to use as swap "
 170		"partitions=\"1,3,5\"");
 171
 172static unsigned int spare_eblocks = 10;
 173module_param(spare_eblocks, uint, 0444);
 174MODULE_PARM_DESC(spare_eblocks, "Percentage of spare erase blocks for "
 175		"garbage collection (default 10%)");
 176
 177static bool header; /* false */
 178module_param(header, bool, 0444);
 179MODULE_PARM_DESC(header,
 180		"Include builtin swap header (default 0, without header)");
 181
 182static int mtdswap_gc(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int background);
 183
 184static loff_t mtdswap_eb_offset(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 185{
 186	return (loff_t)(eb - d->eb_data) * d->mtd->erasesize;
 187}
 188
 189static void mtdswap_eb_detach(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 190{
 191	unsigned int oldidx;
 192	struct mtdswap_tree *tp;
 193
 194	if (eb->root) {
 195		tp = container_of(eb->root, struct mtdswap_tree, root);
 196		oldidx = tp - &d->trees[0];
 197
 198		d->trees[oldidx].count--;
 199		rb_erase(&eb->rb, eb->root);
 200	}
 201}
 202
 203static void __mtdswap_rb_add(struct rb_root *root, struct swap_eb *eb)
 204{
 205	struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
 206	struct swap_eb *cur;
 207
 208	p = &root->rb_node;
 209	while (*p) {
 210		parent = *p;
 211		cur = rb_entry(parent, struct swap_eb, rb);
 212		if (eb->erase_count > cur->erase_count)
 213			p = &(*p)->rb_right;
 214		else
 215			p = &(*p)->rb_left;
 216	}
 217
 218	rb_link_node(&eb->rb, parent, p);
 219	rb_insert_color(&eb->rb, root);
 220}
 221
 222static void mtdswap_rb_add(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb, int idx)
 223{
 224	struct rb_root *root;
 225
 226	if (eb->root == &d->trees[idx].root)
 227		return;
 228
 229	mtdswap_eb_detach(d, eb);
 230	root = &d->trees[idx].root;
 231	__mtdswap_rb_add(root, eb);
 232	eb->root = root;
 233	d->trees[idx].count++;
 234}
 235
 236static struct rb_node *mtdswap_rb_index(struct rb_root *root, unsigned int idx)
 237{
 238	struct rb_node *p;
 239	unsigned int i;
 240
 241	p = rb_first(root);
 242	i = 0;
 243	while (i < idx && p) {
 244		p = rb_next(p);
 245		i++;
 246	}
 247
 248	return p;
 249}
 250
 251static int mtdswap_handle_badblock(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 252{
 253	int ret;
 254	loff_t offset;
 255
 256	d->spare_eblks--;
 257	eb->flags |= EBLOCK_BAD;
 258	mtdswap_eb_detach(d, eb);
 259	eb->root = NULL;
 260
 261	/* badblocks not supported */
 262	if (!mtd_can_have_bb(d->mtd))
 263		return 1;
 264
 265	offset = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 266	dev_warn(d->dev, "Marking bad block at %08llx\n", offset);
 267	ret = mtd_block_markbad(d->mtd, offset);
 268
 269	if (ret) {
 270		dev_warn(d->dev, "Mark block bad failed for block at %08llx "
 271			"error %d\n", offset, ret);
 272		return ret;
 273	}
 274
 275	return 1;
 276
 277}
 278
 279static int mtdswap_handle_write_error(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 280{
 281	unsigned int marked = eb->flags & EBLOCK_FAILED;
 282	struct swap_eb *curr_write = d->curr_write;
 283
 284	eb->flags |= EBLOCK_FAILED;
 285	if (curr_write == eb) {
 286		d->curr_write = NULL;
 287
 288		if (!marked && d->curr_write_pos != 0) {
 289			mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_FAILING);
 290			return 0;
 291		}
 292	}
 293
 294	return mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
 295}
 296
 297static int mtdswap_read_oob(struct mtdswap_dev *d, loff_t from,
 298			struct mtd_oob_ops *ops)
 299{
 300	int ret = mtd_read_oob(d->mtd, from, ops);
 301
 302	if (mtd_is_bitflip(ret))
 303		return ret;
 304
 305	if (ret) {
 306		dev_warn(d->dev, "Read OOB failed %d for block at %08llx\n",
 307			ret, from);
 308		return ret;
 309	}
 310
 311	if (ops->oobretlen < ops->ooblen) {
 312		dev_warn(d->dev, "Read OOB return short read (%zd bytes not "
 313			"%zd) for block at %08llx\n",
 314			ops->oobretlen, ops->ooblen, from);
 315		return -EIO;
 316	}
 317
 318	return 0;
 319}
 320
 321static int mtdswap_read_markers(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 322{
 323	struct mtdswap_oobdata *data, *data2;
 324	int ret;
 325	loff_t offset;
 326	struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
 327
 328	offset = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 329
 330	/* Check first if the block is bad. */
 331	if (mtd_can_have_bb(d->mtd) && mtd_block_isbad(d->mtd, offset))
 332		return MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BAD;
 333
 334	ops.ooblen = 2 * d->mtd->oobavail;
 335	ops.oobbuf = d->oob_buf;
 336	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 337	ops.datbuf = NULL;
 338	ops.mode = MTD_OPS_AUTO_OOB;
 339
 340	ret = mtdswap_read_oob(d, offset, &ops);
 341
 342	if (ret && !mtd_is_bitflip(ret))
 343		return ret;
 344
 345	data = (struct mtdswap_oobdata *)d->oob_buf;
 346	data2 = (struct mtdswap_oobdata *)
 347		(d->oob_buf + d->mtd->oobavail);
 348
 349	if (le16_to_cpu(data->magic) == MTDSWAP_MAGIC_CLEAN) {
 350		eb->erase_count = le32_to_cpu(data->count);
 351		if (mtd_is_bitflip(ret))
 352			ret = MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BITFLIP;
 353		else {
 354			if (le16_to_cpu(data2->magic) == MTDSWAP_MAGIC_DIRTY)
 355				ret = MTDSWAP_SCANNED_DIRTY;
 356			else
 357				ret = MTDSWAP_SCANNED_CLEAN;
 358		}
 359	} else {
 360		eb->flags |= EBLOCK_NOMAGIC;
 361		ret = MTDSWAP_SCANNED_DIRTY;
 362	}
 363
 364	return ret;
 365}
 366
 367static int mtdswap_write_marker(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb,
 368				u16 marker)
 369{
 370	struct mtdswap_oobdata n;
 371	int ret;
 372	loff_t offset;
 373	struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
 374
 375	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 376	ops.oobbuf = (uint8_t *)&n;
 377	ops.mode = MTD_OPS_AUTO_OOB;
 378	ops.datbuf = NULL;
 379
 380	if (marker == MTDSWAP_TYPE_CLEAN) {
 381		n.magic = cpu_to_le16(MTDSWAP_MAGIC_CLEAN);
 382		n.count = cpu_to_le32(eb->erase_count);
 383		ops.ooblen = MTDSWAP_OOBSIZE;
 384		offset = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 385	} else {
 386		n.magic = cpu_to_le16(MTDSWAP_MAGIC_DIRTY);
 387		ops.ooblen = sizeof(n.magic);
 388		offset = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb) + d->mtd->writesize;
 389	}
 390
 391	ret = mtd_write_oob(d->mtd, offset, &ops);
 392
 393	if (ret) {
 394		dev_warn(d->dev, "Write OOB failed for block at %08llx "
 395			"error %d\n", offset, ret);
 396		if (ret == -EIO || mtd_is_eccerr(ret))
 397			mtdswap_handle_write_error(d, eb);
 398		return ret;
 399	}
 400
 401	if (ops.oobretlen != ops.ooblen) {
 402		dev_warn(d->dev, "Short OOB write for block at %08llx: "
 403			"%zd not %zd\n",
 404			offset, ops.oobretlen, ops.ooblen);
 405		return ret;
 406	}
 407
 408	return 0;
 409}
 410
 411/*
 412 * Are there any erase blocks without MAGIC_CLEAN header, presumably
 413 * because power was cut off after erase but before header write? We
 414 * need to guestimate the erase count.
 415 */
 416static void mtdswap_check_counts(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 417{
 418	struct rb_root hist_root = RB_ROOT;
 419	struct rb_node *medrb;
 420	struct swap_eb *eb;
 421	unsigned int i, cnt, median;
 422
 423	cnt = 0;
 424	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++) {
 425		eb = d->eb_data + i;
 426
 427		if (eb->flags & (EBLOCK_NOMAGIC | EBLOCK_BAD | EBLOCK_READERR))
 428			continue;
 429
 430		__mtdswap_rb_add(&hist_root, eb);
 431		cnt++;
 432	}
 433
 434	if (cnt == 0)
 435		return;
 436
 437	medrb = mtdswap_rb_index(&hist_root, cnt / 2);
 438	median = rb_entry(medrb, struct swap_eb, rb)->erase_count;
 439
 440	d->max_erase_count = MTDSWAP_ECNT_MAX(&hist_root);
 441
 442	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++) {
 443		eb = d->eb_data + i;
 444
 445		if (eb->flags & (EBLOCK_NOMAGIC | EBLOCK_READERR))
 446			eb->erase_count = median;
 447
 448		if (eb->flags & (EBLOCK_NOMAGIC | EBLOCK_BAD | EBLOCK_READERR))
 449			continue;
 450
 451		rb_erase(&eb->rb, &hist_root);
 452	}
 453}
 454
 455static void mtdswap_scan_eblks(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 456{
 457	int status;
 458	unsigned int i, idx;
 459	struct swap_eb *eb;
 460
 461	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++) {
 462		eb = d->eb_data + i;
 463
 464		status = mtdswap_read_markers(d, eb);
 465		if (status < 0)
 466			eb->flags |= EBLOCK_READERR;
 467		else if (status == MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BAD) {
 468			eb->flags |= EBLOCK_BAD;
 469			continue;
 470		}
 471
 472		switch (status) {
 473		case MTDSWAP_SCANNED_CLEAN:
 474			idx = MTDSWAP_CLEAN;
 475			break;
 476		case MTDSWAP_SCANNED_DIRTY:
 477		case MTDSWAP_SCANNED_BITFLIP:
 478			idx = MTDSWAP_DIRTY;
 479			break;
 480		default:
 481			idx = MTDSWAP_FAILING;
 482		}
 483
 484		eb->flags |= (idx << EBLOCK_IDX_SHIFT);
 485	}
 486
 487	mtdswap_check_counts(d);
 488
 489	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++) {
 490		eb = d->eb_data + i;
 491
 492		if (eb->flags & EBLOCK_BAD)
 493			continue;
 494
 495		idx = eb->flags >> EBLOCK_IDX_SHIFT;
 496		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, idx);
 497	}
 498}
 499
 500/*
 501 * Place eblk into a tree corresponding to its number of active blocks
 502 * it contains.
 503 */
 504static void mtdswap_store_eb(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 505{
 506	unsigned int weight = eb->active_count;
 507	unsigned int maxweight = d->pages_per_eblk;
 508
 509	if (eb == d->curr_write)
 510		return;
 511
 512	if (eb->flags & EBLOCK_BITFLIP)
 513		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_BITFLIP);
 514	else if (eb->flags & (EBLOCK_READERR | EBLOCK_FAILED))
 515		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_FAILING);
 516	if (weight == maxweight)
 517		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_USED);
 518	else if (weight == 0)
 519		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_DIRTY);
 520	else if (weight > (maxweight/2))
 521		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_LOWFRAG);
 522	else
 523		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_HIFRAG);
 524}
 525
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 526static int mtdswap_erase_block(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 527{
 528	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
 529	struct erase_info erase;
 
 530	unsigned int retries = 0;
 531	int ret;
 532
 533	eb->erase_count++;
 534	if (eb->erase_count > d->max_erase_count)
 535		d->max_erase_count = eb->erase_count;
 536
 537retry:
 
 538	memset(&erase, 0, sizeof(struct erase_info));
 
 
 
 539	erase.addr	= mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 540	erase.len	= mtd->erasesize;
 
 541
 542	ret = mtd_erase(mtd, &erase);
 543	if (ret) {
 544		if (retries++ < MTDSWAP_ERASE_RETRIES) {
 545			dev_warn(d->dev,
 546				"erase of erase block %#llx on %s failed",
 547				erase.addr, mtd->name);
 548			yield();
 549			goto retry;
 550		}
 551
 552		dev_err(d->dev, "Cannot erase erase block %#llx on %s\n",
 553			erase.addr, mtd->name);
 554
 555		mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
 556		return -EIO;
 557	}
 558
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 559	return 0;
 560}
 561
 562static int mtdswap_map_free_block(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int page,
 563				unsigned int *block)
 564{
 565	int ret;
 566	struct swap_eb *old_eb = d->curr_write;
 567	struct rb_root *clean_root;
 568	struct swap_eb *eb;
 569
 570	if (old_eb == NULL || d->curr_write_pos >= d->pages_per_eblk) {
 571		do {
 572			if (TREE_EMPTY(d, CLEAN))
 573				return -ENOSPC;
 574
 575			clean_root = TREE_ROOT(d, CLEAN);
 576			eb = rb_entry(rb_first(clean_root), struct swap_eb, rb);
 577			rb_erase(&eb->rb, clean_root);
 578			eb->root = NULL;
 579			TREE_COUNT(d, CLEAN)--;
 580
 581			ret = mtdswap_write_marker(d, eb, MTDSWAP_TYPE_DIRTY);
 582		} while (ret == -EIO || mtd_is_eccerr(ret));
 583
 584		if (ret)
 585			return ret;
 586
 587		d->curr_write_pos = 0;
 588		d->curr_write = eb;
 589		if (old_eb)
 590			mtdswap_store_eb(d, old_eb);
 591	}
 592
 593	*block = (d->curr_write - d->eb_data) * d->pages_per_eblk +
 594		d->curr_write_pos;
 595
 596	d->curr_write->active_count++;
 597	d->revmap[*block] = page;
 598	d->curr_write_pos++;
 599
 600	return 0;
 601}
 602
 603static unsigned int mtdswap_free_page_cnt(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 604{
 605	return TREE_COUNT(d, CLEAN) * d->pages_per_eblk +
 606		d->pages_per_eblk - d->curr_write_pos;
 607}
 608
 609static unsigned int mtdswap_enough_free_pages(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 610{
 611	return mtdswap_free_page_cnt(d) > d->pages_per_eblk;
 612}
 613
 614static int mtdswap_write_block(struct mtdswap_dev *d, char *buf,
 615			unsigned int page, unsigned int *bp, int gc_context)
 616{
 617	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
 618	struct swap_eb *eb;
 619	size_t retlen;
 620	loff_t writepos;
 621	int ret;
 622
 623retry:
 624	if (!gc_context)
 625		while (!mtdswap_enough_free_pages(d))
 626			if (mtdswap_gc(d, 0) > 0)
 627				return -ENOSPC;
 628
 629	ret = mtdswap_map_free_block(d, page, bp);
 630	eb = d->eb_data + (*bp / d->pages_per_eblk);
 631
 632	if (ret == -EIO || mtd_is_eccerr(ret)) {
 633		d->curr_write = NULL;
 634		eb->active_count--;
 635		d->revmap[*bp] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 636		goto retry;
 637	}
 638
 639	if (ret < 0)
 640		return ret;
 641
 642	writepos = (loff_t)*bp << PAGE_SHIFT;
 643	ret =  mtd_write(mtd, writepos, PAGE_SIZE, &retlen, buf);
 644	if (ret == -EIO || mtd_is_eccerr(ret)) {
 645		d->curr_write_pos--;
 646		eb->active_count--;
 647		d->revmap[*bp] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 648		mtdswap_handle_write_error(d, eb);
 649		goto retry;
 650	}
 651
 652	if (ret < 0) {
 653		dev_err(d->dev, "Write to MTD device failed: %d (%zd written)",
 654			ret, retlen);
 655		goto err;
 656	}
 657
 658	if (retlen != PAGE_SIZE) {
 659		dev_err(d->dev, "Short write to MTD device: %zd written",
 660			retlen);
 661		ret = -EIO;
 662		goto err;
 663	}
 664
 665	return ret;
 666
 667err:
 668	d->curr_write_pos--;
 669	eb->active_count--;
 670	d->revmap[*bp] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 671
 672	return ret;
 673}
 674
 675static int mtdswap_move_block(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int oldblock,
 676		unsigned int *newblock)
 677{
 678	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
 679	struct swap_eb *eb, *oldeb;
 680	int ret;
 681	size_t retlen;
 682	unsigned int page, retries;
 683	loff_t readpos;
 684
 685	page = d->revmap[oldblock];
 686	readpos = (loff_t) oldblock << PAGE_SHIFT;
 687	retries = 0;
 688
 689retry:
 690	ret = mtd_read(mtd, readpos, PAGE_SIZE, &retlen, d->page_buf);
 691
 692	if (ret < 0 && !mtd_is_bitflip(ret)) {
 693		oldeb = d->eb_data + oldblock / d->pages_per_eblk;
 694		oldeb->flags |= EBLOCK_READERR;
 695
 696		dev_err(d->dev, "Read Error: %d (block %u)\n", ret,
 697			oldblock);
 698		retries++;
 699		if (retries < MTDSWAP_IO_RETRIES)
 700			goto retry;
 701
 702		goto read_error;
 703	}
 704
 705	if (retlen != PAGE_SIZE) {
 706		dev_err(d->dev, "Short read: %zd (block %u)\n", retlen,
 707		       oldblock);
 708		ret = -EIO;
 709		goto read_error;
 710	}
 711
 712	ret = mtdswap_write_block(d, d->page_buf, page, newblock, 1);
 713	if (ret < 0) {
 714		d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_ERROR;
 715		dev_err(d->dev, "Write error: %d\n", ret);
 716		return ret;
 717	}
 718
 719	eb = d->eb_data + *newblock / d->pages_per_eblk;
 720	d->page_data[page] = *newblock;
 721	d->revmap[oldblock] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 722	eb = d->eb_data + oldblock / d->pages_per_eblk;
 723	eb->active_count--;
 724
 725	return 0;
 726
 727read_error:
 728	d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_ERROR;
 729	d->revmap[oldblock] = PAGE_UNDEF;
 730	return ret;
 731}
 732
 733static int mtdswap_gc_eblock(struct mtdswap_dev *d, struct swap_eb *eb)
 734{
 735	unsigned int i, block, eblk_base, newblock;
 736	int ret, errcode;
 737
 738	errcode = 0;
 739	eblk_base = (eb - d->eb_data) * d->pages_per_eblk;
 740
 741	for (i = 0; i < d->pages_per_eblk; i++) {
 742		if (d->spare_eblks < MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS)
 743			return -ENOSPC;
 744
 745		block = eblk_base + i;
 746		if (d->revmap[block] == PAGE_UNDEF)
 747			continue;
 748
 749		ret = mtdswap_move_block(d, block, &newblock);
 750		if (ret < 0 && !errcode)
 751			errcode = ret;
 752	}
 753
 754	return errcode;
 755}
 756
 757static int __mtdswap_choose_gc_tree(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 758{
 759	int idx, stopat;
 760
 761	if (TREE_COUNT(d, CLEAN) < LOW_FRAG_GC_THRESHOLD)
 762		stopat = MTDSWAP_LOWFRAG;
 763	else
 764		stopat = MTDSWAP_HIFRAG;
 765
 766	for (idx = MTDSWAP_BITFLIP; idx >= stopat; idx--)
 767		if (d->trees[idx].root.rb_node != NULL)
 768			return idx;
 769
 770	return -1;
 771}
 772
 773static int mtdswap_wlfreq(unsigned int maxdiff)
 774{
 775	unsigned int h, x, y, dist, base;
 776
 777	/*
 778	 * Calculate linear ramp down from f1 to f2 when maxdiff goes from
 779	 * MAX_ERASE_DIFF to MAX_ERASE_DIFF + COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE.  Similar
 780	 * to triangle with height f1 - f1 and width COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE.
 781	 */
 782
 783	dist = maxdiff - MAX_ERASE_DIFF;
 784	if (dist > COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE)
 785		dist = COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE;
 786
 787	/*
 788	 * Modelling the slop as right angular triangle with base
 789	 * COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE and height freq1 - freq2. The ratio y/x is
 790	 * equal to the ratio h/base.
 791	 */
 792	h = COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ1 - COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ2;
 793	base = COLLECT_NONDIRTY_BASE;
 794
 795	x = dist - base;
 796	y = (x * h + base / 2) / base;
 797
 798	return COLLECT_NONDIRTY_FREQ2 + y;
 799}
 800
 801static int mtdswap_choose_wl_tree(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 802{
 803	static unsigned int pick_cnt;
 804	unsigned int i, idx = -1, wear, max;
 805	struct rb_root *root;
 806
 807	max = 0;
 808	for (i = 0; i <= MTDSWAP_DIRTY; i++) {
 809		root = &d->trees[i].root;
 810		if (root->rb_node == NULL)
 811			continue;
 812
 813		wear = d->max_erase_count - MTDSWAP_ECNT_MIN(root);
 814		if (wear > max) {
 815			max = wear;
 816			idx = i;
 817		}
 818	}
 819
 820	if (max > MAX_ERASE_DIFF && pick_cnt >= mtdswap_wlfreq(max) - 1) {
 821		pick_cnt = 0;
 822		return idx;
 823	}
 824
 825	pick_cnt++;
 826	return -1;
 827}
 828
 829static int mtdswap_choose_gc_tree(struct mtdswap_dev *d,
 830				unsigned int background)
 831{
 832	int idx;
 833
 834	if (TREE_NONEMPTY(d, FAILING) &&
 835		(background || (TREE_EMPTY(d, CLEAN) && TREE_EMPTY(d, DIRTY))))
 836		return MTDSWAP_FAILING;
 837
 838	idx = mtdswap_choose_wl_tree(d);
 839	if (idx >= MTDSWAP_CLEAN)
 840		return idx;
 841
 842	return __mtdswap_choose_gc_tree(d);
 843}
 844
 845static struct swap_eb *mtdswap_pick_gc_eblk(struct mtdswap_dev *d,
 846					unsigned int background)
 847{
 848	struct rb_root *rp = NULL;
 849	struct swap_eb *eb = NULL;
 850	int idx;
 851
 852	if (background && TREE_COUNT(d, CLEAN) > CLEAN_BLOCK_THRESHOLD &&
 853		TREE_EMPTY(d, DIRTY) && TREE_EMPTY(d, FAILING))
 854		return NULL;
 855
 856	idx = mtdswap_choose_gc_tree(d, background);
 857	if (idx < 0)
 858		return NULL;
 859
 860	rp = &d->trees[idx].root;
 861	eb = rb_entry(rb_first(rp), struct swap_eb, rb);
 862
 863	rb_erase(&eb->rb, rp);
 864	eb->root = NULL;
 865	d->trees[idx].count--;
 866	return eb;
 867}
 868
 869static unsigned int mtdswap_test_patt(unsigned int i)
 870{
 871	return i % 2 ? 0x55555555 : 0xAAAAAAAA;
 872}
 873
 874static unsigned int mtdswap_eblk_passes(struct mtdswap_dev *d,
 875					struct swap_eb *eb)
 876{
 877	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
 878	unsigned int test, i, j, patt, mtd_pages;
 879	loff_t base, pos;
 880	unsigned int *p1 = (unsigned int *)d->page_buf;
 881	unsigned char *p2 = (unsigned char *)d->oob_buf;
 882	struct mtd_oob_ops ops;
 883	int ret;
 884
 885	ops.mode = MTD_OPS_AUTO_OOB;
 886	ops.len = mtd->writesize;
 887	ops.ooblen = mtd->oobavail;
 888	ops.ooboffs = 0;
 889	ops.datbuf = d->page_buf;
 890	ops.oobbuf = d->oob_buf;
 891	base = mtdswap_eb_offset(d, eb);
 892	mtd_pages = d->pages_per_eblk * PAGE_SIZE / mtd->writesize;
 893
 894	for (test = 0; test < 2; test++) {
 895		pos = base;
 896		for (i = 0; i < mtd_pages; i++) {
 897			patt = mtdswap_test_patt(test + i);
 898			memset(d->page_buf, patt, mtd->writesize);
 899			memset(d->oob_buf, patt, mtd->oobavail);
 900			ret = mtd_write_oob(mtd, pos, &ops);
 901			if (ret)
 902				goto error;
 903
 904			pos += mtd->writesize;
 905		}
 906
 907		pos = base;
 908		for (i = 0; i < mtd_pages; i++) {
 909			ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd, pos, &ops);
 910			if (ret)
 911				goto error;
 912
 913			patt = mtdswap_test_patt(test + i);
 914			for (j = 0; j < mtd->writesize/sizeof(int); j++)
 915				if (p1[j] != patt)
 916					goto error;
 917
 918			for (j = 0; j < mtd->oobavail; j++)
 919				if (p2[j] != (unsigned char)patt)
 920					goto error;
 921
 922			pos += mtd->writesize;
 923		}
 924
 925		ret = mtdswap_erase_block(d, eb);
 926		if (ret)
 927			goto error;
 928	}
 929
 930	eb->flags &= ~EBLOCK_READERR;
 931	return 1;
 932
 933error:
 934	mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
 935	return 0;
 936}
 937
 938static int mtdswap_gc(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int background)
 939{
 940	struct swap_eb *eb;
 941	int ret;
 942
 943	if (d->spare_eblks < MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS)
 944		return 1;
 945
 946	eb = mtdswap_pick_gc_eblk(d, background);
 947	if (!eb)
 948		return 1;
 949
 950	ret = mtdswap_gc_eblock(d, eb);
 951	if (ret == -ENOSPC)
 952		return 1;
 953
 954	if (eb->flags & EBLOCK_FAILED) {
 955		mtdswap_handle_badblock(d, eb);
 956		return 0;
 957	}
 958
 959	eb->flags &= ~EBLOCK_BITFLIP;
 960	ret = mtdswap_erase_block(d, eb);
 961	if ((eb->flags & EBLOCK_READERR) &&
 962		(ret || !mtdswap_eblk_passes(d, eb)))
 963		return 0;
 964
 965	if (ret == 0)
 966		ret = mtdswap_write_marker(d, eb, MTDSWAP_TYPE_CLEAN);
 967
 968	if (ret == 0)
 969		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_CLEAN);
 970	else if (ret != -EIO && !mtd_is_eccerr(ret))
 971		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_DIRTY);
 972
 973	return 0;
 974}
 975
 976static void mtdswap_background(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
 977{
 978	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
 979	int ret;
 980
 981	while (1) {
 982		ret = mtdswap_gc(d, 1);
 983		if (ret || mtd_blktrans_cease_background(dev))
 984			return;
 985	}
 986}
 987
 988static void mtdswap_cleanup(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
 989{
 990	vfree(d->eb_data);
 991	vfree(d->revmap);
 992	vfree(d->page_data);
 993	kfree(d->oob_buf);
 994	kfree(d->page_buf);
 995}
 996
 997static int mtdswap_flush(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
 998{
 999	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1000
1001	mtd_sync(d->mtd);
 
1002	return 0;
1003}
1004
1005static unsigned int mtdswap_badblocks(struct mtd_info *mtd, uint64_t size)
1006{
1007	loff_t offset;
1008	unsigned int badcnt;
1009
1010	badcnt = 0;
1011
1012	if (mtd_can_have_bb(mtd))
1013		for (offset = 0; offset < size; offset += mtd->erasesize)
1014			if (mtd_block_isbad(mtd, offset))
1015				badcnt++;
1016
1017	return badcnt;
1018}
1019
1020static int mtdswap_writesect(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1021			unsigned long page, char *buf)
1022{
1023	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1024	unsigned int newblock, mapped;
1025	struct swap_eb *eb;
1026	int ret;
1027
1028	d->sect_write_count++;
1029
1030	if (d->spare_eblks < MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS)
1031		return -ENOSPC;
1032
1033	if (header) {
1034		/* Ignore writes to the header page */
1035		if (unlikely(page == 0))
1036			return 0;
1037
1038		page--;
1039	}
1040
1041	mapped = d->page_data[page];
1042	if (mapped <= BLOCK_MAX) {
1043		eb = d->eb_data + (mapped / d->pages_per_eblk);
1044		eb->active_count--;
1045		mtdswap_store_eb(d, eb);
1046		d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_UNDEF;
1047		d->revmap[mapped] = PAGE_UNDEF;
1048	}
1049
1050	ret = mtdswap_write_block(d, buf, page, &newblock, 0);
1051	d->mtd_write_count++;
1052
1053	if (ret < 0)
1054		return ret;
1055
1056	eb = d->eb_data + (newblock / d->pages_per_eblk);
1057	d->page_data[page] = newblock;
1058
1059	return 0;
1060}
1061
1062/* Provide a dummy swap header for the kernel */
1063static int mtdswap_auto_header(struct mtdswap_dev *d, char *buf)
1064{
1065	union swap_header *hd = (union swap_header *)(buf);
1066
1067	memset(buf, 0, PAGE_SIZE - 10);
1068
1069	hd->info.version = 1;
1070	hd->info.last_page = d->mbd_dev->size - 1;
1071	hd->info.nr_badpages = 0;
1072
1073	memcpy(buf + PAGE_SIZE - 10, "SWAPSPACE2", 10);
1074
1075	return 0;
1076}
1077
1078static int mtdswap_readsect(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev,
1079			unsigned long page, char *buf)
1080{
1081	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1082	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mtd;
1083	unsigned int realblock, retries;
1084	loff_t readpos;
1085	struct swap_eb *eb;
1086	size_t retlen;
1087	int ret;
1088
1089	d->sect_read_count++;
1090
1091	if (header) {
1092		if (unlikely(page == 0))
1093			return mtdswap_auto_header(d, buf);
1094
1095		page--;
1096	}
1097
1098	realblock = d->page_data[page];
1099	if (realblock > BLOCK_MAX) {
1100		memset(buf, 0x0, PAGE_SIZE);
1101		if (realblock == BLOCK_UNDEF)
1102			return 0;
1103		else
1104			return -EIO;
1105	}
1106
1107	eb = d->eb_data + (realblock / d->pages_per_eblk);
1108	BUG_ON(d->revmap[realblock] == PAGE_UNDEF);
1109
1110	readpos = (loff_t)realblock << PAGE_SHIFT;
1111	retries = 0;
1112
1113retry:
1114	ret = mtd_read(mtd, readpos, PAGE_SIZE, &retlen, buf);
1115
1116	d->mtd_read_count++;
1117	if (mtd_is_bitflip(ret)) {
1118		eb->flags |= EBLOCK_BITFLIP;
1119		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_BITFLIP);
1120		ret = 0;
1121	}
1122
1123	if (ret < 0) {
1124		dev_err(d->dev, "Read error %d\n", ret);
1125		eb->flags |= EBLOCK_READERR;
1126		mtdswap_rb_add(d, eb, MTDSWAP_FAILING);
1127		retries++;
1128		if (retries < MTDSWAP_IO_RETRIES)
1129			goto retry;
1130
1131		return ret;
1132	}
1133
1134	if (retlen != PAGE_SIZE) {
1135		dev_err(d->dev, "Short read %zd\n", retlen);
1136		return -EIO;
1137	}
1138
1139	return 0;
1140}
1141
1142static int mtdswap_discard(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev, unsigned long first,
1143			unsigned nr_pages)
1144{
1145	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1146	unsigned long page;
1147	struct swap_eb *eb;
1148	unsigned int mapped;
1149
1150	d->discard_count++;
1151
1152	for (page = first; page < first + nr_pages; page++) {
1153		mapped = d->page_data[page];
1154		if (mapped <= BLOCK_MAX) {
1155			eb = d->eb_data + (mapped / d->pages_per_eblk);
1156			eb->active_count--;
1157			mtdswap_store_eb(d, eb);
1158			d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_UNDEF;
1159			d->revmap[mapped] = PAGE_UNDEF;
1160			d->discard_page_count++;
1161		} else if (mapped == BLOCK_ERROR) {
1162			d->page_data[page] = BLOCK_UNDEF;
1163			d->discard_page_count++;
1164		}
1165	}
1166
1167	return 0;
1168}
1169
1170static int mtdswap_show(struct seq_file *s, void *data)
1171{
1172	struct mtdswap_dev *d = (struct mtdswap_dev *) s->private;
1173	unsigned long sum;
1174	unsigned int count[MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT];
1175	unsigned int min[MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT];
1176	unsigned int max[MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT];
1177	unsigned int i, cw = 0, cwp = 0, cwecount = 0, bb_cnt, mapped, pages;
1178	uint64_t use_size;
1179	static const char * const name[] = {
1180		"clean", "used", "low", "high", "dirty", "bitflip", "failing"
1181	};
1182
1183	mutex_lock(&d->mbd_dev->lock);
1184
1185	for (i = 0; i < MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT; i++) {
1186		struct rb_root *root = &d->trees[i].root;
1187
1188		if (root->rb_node) {
1189			count[i] = d->trees[i].count;
1190			min[i] = MTDSWAP_ECNT_MIN(root);
1191			max[i] = MTDSWAP_ECNT_MAX(root);
 
 
1192		} else
1193			count[i] = 0;
1194	}
1195
1196	if (d->curr_write) {
1197		cw = 1;
1198		cwp = d->curr_write_pos;
1199		cwecount = d->curr_write->erase_count;
1200	}
1201
1202	sum = 0;
1203	for (i = 0; i < d->eblks; i++)
1204		sum += d->eb_data[i].erase_count;
1205
1206	use_size = (uint64_t)d->eblks * d->mtd->erasesize;
1207	bb_cnt = mtdswap_badblocks(d->mtd, use_size);
1208
1209	mapped = 0;
1210	pages = d->mbd_dev->size;
1211	for (i = 0; i < pages; i++)
1212		if (d->page_data[i] != BLOCK_UNDEF)
1213			mapped++;
1214
1215	mutex_unlock(&d->mbd_dev->lock);
1216
1217	for (i = 0; i < MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT; i++) {
1218		if (!count[i])
1219			continue;
1220
1221		if (min[i] != max[i])
1222			seq_printf(s, "%s:\t%5d erase blocks, erased min %d, "
1223				"max %d times\n",
1224				name[i], count[i], min[i], max[i]);
1225		else
1226			seq_printf(s, "%s:\t%5d erase blocks, all erased %d "
1227				"times\n", name[i], count[i], min[i]);
1228	}
1229
1230	if (bb_cnt)
1231		seq_printf(s, "bad:\t%5u erase blocks\n", bb_cnt);
1232
1233	if (cw)
1234		seq_printf(s, "current erase block: %u pages used, %u free, "
1235			"erased %u times\n",
1236			cwp, d->pages_per_eblk - cwp, cwecount);
1237
1238	seq_printf(s, "total erasures: %lu\n", sum);
1239
1240	seq_puts(s, "\n");
1241
1242	seq_printf(s, "mtdswap_readsect count: %llu\n", d->sect_read_count);
1243	seq_printf(s, "mtdswap_writesect count: %llu\n", d->sect_write_count);
1244	seq_printf(s, "mtdswap_discard count: %llu\n", d->discard_count);
1245	seq_printf(s, "mtd read count: %llu\n", d->mtd_read_count);
1246	seq_printf(s, "mtd write count: %llu\n", d->mtd_write_count);
1247	seq_printf(s, "discarded pages count: %llu\n", d->discard_page_count);
1248
1249	seq_puts(s, "\n");
1250	seq_printf(s, "total pages: %u\n", pages);
1251	seq_printf(s, "pages mapped: %u\n", mapped);
1252
1253	return 0;
1254}
1255DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(mtdswap);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1256
1257static int mtdswap_add_debugfs(struct mtdswap_dev *d)
1258{
1259	struct dentry *root = d->mtd->dbg.dfs_dir;
 
 
 
 
1260
1261	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS))
 
1262		return 0;
1263
1264	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(root))
 
1265		return -1;
 
1266
1267	debugfs_create_file("mtdswap_stats", S_IRUSR, root, d, &mtdswap_fops);
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1268
1269	return 0;
1270}
1271
1272static int mtdswap_init(struct mtdswap_dev *d, unsigned int eblocks,
1273			unsigned int spare_cnt)
1274{
1275	struct mtd_info *mtd = d->mbd_dev->mtd;
1276	unsigned int i, eblk_bytes, pages, blocks;
1277	int ret = -ENOMEM;
1278
1279	d->mtd = mtd;
1280	d->eblks = eblocks;
1281	d->spare_eblks = spare_cnt;
1282	d->pages_per_eblk = mtd->erasesize >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1283
1284	pages = d->mbd_dev->size;
1285	blocks = eblocks * d->pages_per_eblk;
1286
1287	for (i = 0; i < MTDSWAP_TREE_CNT; i++)
1288		d->trees[i].root = RB_ROOT;
1289
1290	d->page_data = vmalloc(array_size(pages, sizeof(int)));
1291	if (!d->page_data)
1292		goto page_data_fail;
1293
1294	d->revmap = vmalloc(array_size(blocks, sizeof(int)));
1295	if (!d->revmap)
1296		goto revmap_fail;
1297
1298	eblk_bytes = sizeof(struct swap_eb)*d->eblks;
1299	d->eb_data = vzalloc(eblk_bytes);
1300	if (!d->eb_data)
1301		goto eb_data_fail;
1302
 
1303	for (i = 0; i < pages; i++)
1304		d->page_data[i] = BLOCK_UNDEF;
1305
1306	for (i = 0; i < blocks; i++)
1307		d->revmap[i] = PAGE_UNDEF;
1308
1309	d->page_buf = kmalloc(PAGE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
1310	if (!d->page_buf)
1311		goto page_buf_fail;
1312
1313	d->oob_buf = kmalloc_array(2, mtd->oobavail, GFP_KERNEL);
1314	if (!d->oob_buf)
1315		goto oob_buf_fail;
1316
1317	mtdswap_scan_eblks(d);
1318
1319	return 0;
1320
1321oob_buf_fail:
1322	kfree(d->page_buf);
1323page_buf_fail:
1324	vfree(d->eb_data);
1325eb_data_fail:
1326	vfree(d->revmap);
1327revmap_fail:
1328	vfree(d->page_data);
1329page_data_fail:
1330	printk(KERN_ERR "%s: init failed (%d)\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, ret);
1331	return ret;
1332}
1333
1334static void mtdswap_add_mtd(struct mtd_blktrans_ops *tr, struct mtd_info *mtd)
1335{
1336	struct mtdswap_dev *d;
1337	struct mtd_blktrans_dev *mbd_dev;
1338	char *parts;
1339	char *this_opt;
1340	unsigned long part;
1341	unsigned int eblocks, eavailable, bad_blocks, spare_cnt;
1342	uint64_t swap_size, use_size, size_limit;
 
1343	int ret;
1344
1345	parts = &partitions[0];
1346	if (!*parts)
1347		return;
1348
1349	while ((this_opt = strsep(&parts, ",")) != NULL) {
1350		if (kstrtoul(this_opt, 0, &part) < 0)
1351			return;
1352
1353		if (mtd->index == part)
1354			break;
1355	}
1356
1357	if (mtd->index != part)
1358		return;
1359
1360	if (mtd->erasesize < PAGE_SIZE || mtd->erasesize % PAGE_SIZE) {
1361		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Erase size %u not multiple of PAGE_SIZE "
1362			"%lu\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, mtd->erasesize, PAGE_SIZE);
1363		return;
1364	}
1365
1366	if (PAGE_SIZE % mtd->writesize || mtd->writesize > PAGE_SIZE) {
1367		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: PAGE_SIZE %lu not multiple of write size"
1368			" %u\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, PAGE_SIZE, mtd->writesize);
1369		return;
1370	}
1371
1372	if (!mtd->oobsize || mtd->oobavail < MTDSWAP_OOBSIZE) {
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1373		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Not enough free bytes in OOB, "
1374			"%d available, %zu needed.\n",
1375			MTDSWAP_PREFIX, mtd->oobavail, MTDSWAP_OOBSIZE);
1376		return;
1377	}
1378
1379	if (spare_eblocks > 100)
1380		spare_eblocks = 100;
1381
1382	use_size = mtd->size;
1383	size_limit = (uint64_t) BLOCK_MAX * PAGE_SIZE;
1384
1385	if (mtd->size > size_limit) {
1386		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: Device too large. Limiting size to "
1387			"%llu bytes\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, size_limit);
1388		use_size = size_limit;
1389	}
1390
1391	eblocks = mtd_div_by_eb(use_size, mtd);
1392	use_size = (uint64_t)eblocks * mtd->erasesize;
1393	bad_blocks = mtdswap_badblocks(mtd, use_size);
1394	eavailable = eblocks - bad_blocks;
1395
1396	if (eavailable < MIN_ERASE_BLOCKS) {
1397		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: Not enough erase blocks. %u available, "
1398			"%d needed\n", MTDSWAP_PREFIX, eavailable,
1399			MIN_ERASE_BLOCKS);
1400		return;
1401	}
1402
1403	spare_cnt = div_u64((uint64_t)eavailable * spare_eblocks, 100);
1404
1405	if (spare_cnt < MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS)
1406		spare_cnt = MIN_SPARE_EBLOCKS;
1407
1408	if (spare_cnt > eavailable - 1)
1409		spare_cnt = eavailable - 1;
1410
1411	swap_size = (uint64_t)(eavailable - spare_cnt) * mtd->erasesize +
1412		(header ? PAGE_SIZE : 0);
1413
1414	printk(KERN_INFO "%s: Enabling MTD swap on device %lu, size %llu KB, "
1415		"%u spare, %u bad blocks\n",
1416		MTDSWAP_PREFIX, part, swap_size / 1024, spare_cnt, bad_blocks);
1417
1418	d = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mtdswap_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
1419	if (!d)
1420		return;
1421
1422	mbd_dev = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mtd_blktrans_dev), GFP_KERNEL);
1423	if (!mbd_dev) {
1424		kfree(d);
1425		return;
1426	}
1427
1428	d->mbd_dev = mbd_dev;
1429	mbd_dev->priv = d;
1430
1431	mbd_dev->mtd = mtd;
1432	mbd_dev->devnum = mtd->index;
1433	mbd_dev->size = swap_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1434	mbd_dev->tr = tr;
1435
1436	if (!(mtd->flags & MTD_WRITEABLE))
1437		mbd_dev->readonly = 1;
1438
1439	if (mtdswap_init(d, eblocks, spare_cnt) < 0)
1440		goto init_failed;
1441
1442	if (add_mtd_blktrans_dev(mbd_dev) < 0)
1443		goto cleanup;
1444
1445	d->dev = disk_to_dev(mbd_dev->disk);
1446
1447	ret = mtdswap_add_debugfs(d);
1448	if (ret < 0)
1449		goto debugfs_failed;
1450
1451	return;
1452
1453debugfs_failed:
1454	del_mtd_blktrans_dev(mbd_dev);
1455
1456cleanup:
1457	mtdswap_cleanup(d);
1458
1459init_failed:
1460	kfree(mbd_dev);
1461	kfree(d);
1462}
1463
1464static void mtdswap_remove_dev(struct mtd_blktrans_dev *dev)
1465{
1466	struct mtdswap_dev *d = MTDSWAP_MBD_TO_MTDSWAP(dev);
1467
 
1468	del_mtd_blktrans_dev(dev);
1469	mtdswap_cleanup(d);
1470	kfree(d);
1471}
1472
1473static struct mtd_blktrans_ops mtdswap_ops = {
1474	.name		= "mtdswap",
1475	.major		= 0,
1476	.part_bits	= 0,
1477	.blksize	= PAGE_SIZE,
1478	.flush		= mtdswap_flush,
1479	.readsect	= mtdswap_readsect,
1480	.writesect	= mtdswap_writesect,
1481	.discard	= mtdswap_discard,
1482	.background	= mtdswap_background,
1483	.add_mtd	= mtdswap_add_mtd,
1484	.remove_dev	= mtdswap_remove_dev,
1485	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
1486};
1487
1488static int __init mtdswap_modinit(void)
1489{
1490	return register_mtd_blktrans(&mtdswap_ops);
1491}
1492
1493static void __exit mtdswap_modexit(void)
1494{
1495	deregister_mtd_blktrans(&mtdswap_ops);
1496}
1497
1498module_init(mtdswap_modinit);
1499module_exit(mtdswap_modexit);
1500
1501
1502MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1503MODULE_AUTHOR("Jarkko Lavinen <jarkko.lavinen@nokia.com>");
1504MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Block device access to an MTD suitable for using as "
1505		"swap space");