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  1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
  2/*
  3 * Copyright (c) 2014, The Linux Foundation. All rights reserved.
  4 * Debug helper to dump the current kernel pagetables of the system
  5 * so that we can see what the various memory ranges are set to.
  6 *
  7 * Derived from x86 and arm implementation:
  8 * (C) Copyright 2008 Intel Corporation
  9 *
 10 * Author: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
 11 */
 12#include <linux/debugfs.h>
 13#include <linux/errno.h>
 14#include <linux/fs.h>
 15#include <linux/io.h>
 16#include <linux/init.h>
 17#include <linux/mm.h>
 18#include <linux/ptdump.h>
 19#include <linux/sched.h>
 20#include <linux/seq_file.h>
 21
 22#include <asm/fixmap.h>
 23#include <asm/kasan.h>
 24#include <asm/memory.h>
 25#include <asm/pgtable-hwdef.h>
 26#include <asm/ptdump.h>
 27
 28
 29enum address_markers_idx {
 30	PAGE_OFFSET_NR = 0,
 31	PAGE_END_NR,
 32#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
 33	KASAN_START_NR,
 34#endif
 35};
 36
 37static struct addr_marker address_markers[] = {
 38	{ PAGE_OFFSET,			"Linear Mapping start" },
 39	{ 0 /* PAGE_END */,		"Linear Mapping end" },
 40#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
 41	{ 0 /* KASAN_SHADOW_START */,	"Kasan shadow start" },
 42	{ KASAN_SHADOW_END,		"Kasan shadow end" },
 43#endif
 44	{ MODULES_VADDR,		"Modules start" },
 45	{ MODULES_END,			"Modules end" },
 46	{ VMALLOC_START,		"vmalloc() area" },
 47	{ VMALLOC_END,			"vmalloc() end" },
 48	{ FIXADDR_START,		"Fixmap start" },
 49	{ FIXADDR_TOP,			"Fixmap end" },
 50	{ PCI_IO_START,			"PCI I/O start" },
 51	{ PCI_IO_END,			"PCI I/O end" },
 52#ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
 53	{ VMEMMAP_START,		"vmemmap start" },
 54	{ VMEMMAP_START + VMEMMAP_SIZE,	"vmemmap end" },
 55#endif
 56	{ -1,				NULL },
 57};
 58
 59#define pt_dump_seq_printf(m, fmt, args...)	\
 60({						\
 61	if (m)					\
 62		seq_printf(m, fmt, ##args);	\
 63})
 64
 65#define pt_dump_seq_puts(m, fmt)	\
 66({					\
 67	if (m)				\
 68		seq_printf(m, fmt);	\
 69})
 70
 71/*
 72 * The page dumper groups page table entries of the same type into a single
 73 * description. It uses pg_state to track the range information while
 74 * iterating over the pte entries. When the continuity is broken it then
 75 * dumps out a description of the range.
 76 */
 77struct pg_state {
 78	struct ptdump_state ptdump;
 79	struct seq_file *seq;
 80	const struct addr_marker *marker;
 81	unsigned long start_address;
 82	int level;
 83	u64 current_prot;
 84	bool check_wx;
 85	unsigned long wx_pages;
 86	unsigned long uxn_pages;
 87};
 88
 89struct prot_bits {
 90	u64		mask;
 91	u64		val;
 92	const char	*set;
 93	const char	*clear;
 94};
 95
 96static const struct prot_bits pte_bits[] = {
 97	{
 98		.mask	= PTE_VALID,
 99		.val	= PTE_VALID,
100		.set	= " ",
101		.clear	= "F",
102	}, {
103		.mask	= PTE_USER,
104		.val	= PTE_USER,
105		.set	= "USR",
106		.clear	= "   ",
107	}, {
108		.mask	= PTE_RDONLY,
109		.val	= PTE_RDONLY,
110		.set	= "ro",
111		.clear	= "RW",
112	}, {
113		.mask	= PTE_PXN,
114		.val	= PTE_PXN,
115		.set	= "NX",
116		.clear	= "x ",
117	}, {
118		.mask	= PTE_SHARED,
119		.val	= PTE_SHARED,
120		.set	= "SHD",
121		.clear	= "   ",
122	}, {
123		.mask	= PTE_AF,
124		.val	= PTE_AF,
125		.set	= "AF",
126		.clear	= "  ",
127	}, {
128		.mask	= PTE_NG,
129		.val	= PTE_NG,
130		.set	= "NG",
131		.clear	= "  ",
132	}, {
133		.mask	= PTE_CONT,
134		.val	= PTE_CONT,
135		.set	= "CON",
136		.clear	= "   ",
137	}, {
138		.mask	= PTE_TABLE_BIT,
139		.val	= PTE_TABLE_BIT,
140		.set	= "   ",
141		.clear	= "BLK",
142	}, {
143		.mask	= PTE_UXN,
144		.val	= PTE_UXN,
145		.set	= "UXN",
146		.clear	= "   ",
147	}, {
148		.mask	= PTE_GP,
149		.val	= PTE_GP,
150		.set	= "GP",
151		.clear	= "  ",
152	}, {
153		.mask	= PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
154		.val	= PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_nGnRnE),
155		.set	= "DEVICE/nGnRnE",
156	}, {
157		.mask	= PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
158		.val	= PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_nGnRE),
159		.set	= "DEVICE/nGnRE",
160	}, {
161		.mask	= PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
162		.val	= PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_GRE),
163		.set	= "DEVICE/GRE",
164	}, {
165		.mask	= PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
166		.val	= PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL_NC),
167		.set	= "MEM/NORMAL-NC",
168	}, {
169		.mask	= PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK,
170		.val	= PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL),
171		.set	= "MEM/NORMAL",
172	}
173};
174
175struct pg_level {
176	const struct prot_bits *bits;
177	const char *name;
178	size_t num;
179	u64 mask;
180};
181
182static struct pg_level pg_level[] = {
183	{ /* pgd */
184		.name	= "PGD",
185		.bits	= pte_bits,
186		.num	= ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
187	}, { /* p4d */
188		.name	= "P4D",
189		.bits	= pte_bits,
190		.num	= ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
191	}, { /* pud */
192		.name	= (CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 3) ? "PUD" : "PGD",
193		.bits	= pte_bits,
194		.num	= ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
195	}, { /* pmd */
196		.name	= (CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 2) ? "PMD" : "PGD",
197		.bits	= pte_bits,
198		.num	= ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
199	}, { /* pte */
200		.name	= "PTE",
201		.bits	= pte_bits,
202		.num	= ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits),
203	},
204};
205
206static void dump_prot(struct pg_state *st, const struct prot_bits *bits,
207			size_t num)
208{
209	unsigned i;
210
211	for (i = 0; i < num; i++, bits++) {
212		const char *s;
213
214		if ((st->current_prot & bits->mask) == bits->val)
215			s = bits->set;
216		else
217			s = bits->clear;
218
219		if (s)
220			pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, " %s", s);
221	}
222}
223
224static void note_prot_uxn(struct pg_state *st, unsigned long addr)
225{
226	if (!st->check_wx)
227		return;
228
229	if ((st->current_prot & PTE_UXN) == PTE_UXN)
230		return;
231
232	WARN_ONCE(1, "arm64/mm: Found non-UXN mapping at address %p/%pS\n",
233		  (void *)st->start_address, (void *)st->start_address);
234
235	st->uxn_pages += (addr - st->start_address) / PAGE_SIZE;
236}
237
238static void note_prot_wx(struct pg_state *st, unsigned long addr)
239{
240	if (!st->check_wx)
241		return;
242	if ((st->current_prot & PTE_RDONLY) == PTE_RDONLY)
243		return;
244	if ((st->current_prot & PTE_PXN) == PTE_PXN)
245		return;
246
247	WARN_ONCE(1, "arm64/mm: Found insecure W+X mapping at address %p/%pS\n",
248		  (void *)st->start_address, (void *)st->start_address);
249
250	st->wx_pages += (addr - st->start_address) / PAGE_SIZE;
251}
252
253static void note_page(struct ptdump_state *pt_st, unsigned long addr, int level,
254		      u64 val)
255{
256	struct pg_state *st = container_of(pt_st, struct pg_state, ptdump);
257	static const char units[] = "KMGTPE";
258	u64 prot = 0;
259
260	if (level >= 0)
261		prot = val & pg_level[level].mask;
262
263	if (st->level == -1) {
264		st->level = level;
265		st->current_prot = prot;
266		st->start_address = addr;
267		pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name);
268	} else if (prot != st->current_prot || level != st->level ||
269		   addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) {
270		const char *unit = units;
271		unsigned long delta;
272
273		if (st->current_prot) {
274			note_prot_uxn(st, addr);
275			note_prot_wx(st, addr);
276		}
277
278		pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "0x%016lx-0x%016lx   ",
279				   st->start_address, addr);
280
281		delta = (addr - st->start_address) >> 10;
282		while (!(delta & 1023) && unit[1]) {
283			delta >>= 10;
284			unit++;
285		}
286		pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "%9lu%c %s", delta, *unit,
287				   pg_level[st->level].name);
288		if (st->current_prot && pg_level[st->level].bits)
289			dump_prot(st, pg_level[st->level].bits,
290				  pg_level[st->level].num);
291		pt_dump_seq_puts(st->seq, "\n");
292
293		if (addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) {
294			st->marker++;
295			pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name);
296		}
297
298		st->start_address = addr;
299		st->current_prot = prot;
300		st->level = level;
301	}
302
303	if (addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) {
304		st->marker++;
305		pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name);
306	}
307
308}
309
310void ptdump_walk(struct seq_file *s, struct ptdump_info *info)
311{
312	unsigned long end = ~0UL;
313	struct pg_state st;
314
315	if (info->base_addr < TASK_SIZE_64)
316		end = TASK_SIZE_64;
317
318	st = (struct pg_state){
319		.seq = s,
320		.marker = info->markers,
321		.ptdump = {
322			.note_page = note_page,
323			.range = (struct ptdump_range[]){
324				{info->base_addr, end},
325				{0, 0}
326			}
327		}
328	};
329
330	ptdump_walk_pgd(&st.ptdump, info->mm, NULL);
331}
332
333static void ptdump_initialize(void)
334{
335	unsigned i, j;
336
337	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pg_level); i++)
338		if (pg_level[i].bits)
339			for (j = 0; j < pg_level[i].num; j++)
340				pg_level[i].mask |= pg_level[i].bits[j].mask;
341}
342
343static struct ptdump_info kernel_ptdump_info = {
344	.mm		= &init_mm,
345	.markers	= address_markers,
346	.base_addr	= PAGE_OFFSET,
347};
348
349void ptdump_check_wx(void)
350{
351	struct pg_state st = {
352		.seq = NULL,
353		.marker = (struct addr_marker[]) {
354			{ 0, NULL},
355			{ -1, NULL},
356		},
357		.level = -1,
358		.check_wx = true,
359		.ptdump = {
360			.note_page = note_page,
361			.range = (struct ptdump_range[]) {
362				{PAGE_OFFSET, ~0UL},
363				{0, 0}
364			}
365		}
366	};
367
368	ptdump_walk_pgd(&st.ptdump, &init_mm, NULL);
369
370	if (st.wx_pages || st.uxn_pages)
371		pr_warn("Checked W+X mappings: FAILED, %lu W+X pages found, %lu non-UXN pages found\n",
372			st.wx_pages, st.uxn_pages);
373	else
374		pr_info("Checked W+X mappings: passed, no W+X pages found\n");
375}
376
377static int ptdump_init(void)
378{
379	address_markers[PAGE_END_NR].start_address = PAGE_END;
380#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
381	address_markers[KASAN_START_NR].start_address = KASAN_SHADOW_START;
382#endif
383	ptdump_initialize();
384	ptdump_debugfs_register(&kernel_ptdump_info, "kernel_page_tables");
385	return 0;
386}
387device_initcall(ptdump_init);