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1/*
2 * mmu_audit.c:
3 *
4 * Audit code for KVM MMU
5 *
6 * Copyright (C) 2006 Qumranet, Inc.
7 * Copyright 2010 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates.
8 *
9 * Authors:
10 * Yaniv Kamay <yaniv@qumranet.com>
11 * Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
12 * Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
13 * Xiao Guangrong <xiaoguangrong@cn.fujitsu.com>
14 *
15 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
16 * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
17 *
18 */
19
20#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
21
22#define audit_printk(kvm, fmt, args...) \
23 printk(KERN_ERR "audit: (%s) error: " \
24 fmt, audit_point_name[kvm->arch.audit_point], ##args)
25
26typedef void (*inspect_spte_fn) (struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level);
27
28static void __mmu_spte_walk(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp,
29 inspect_spte_fn fn, int level)
30{
31 int i;
32
33 for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i) {
34 u64 *ent = sp->spt;
35
36 fn(vcpu, ent + i, level);
37
38 if (is_shadow_present_pte(ent[i]) &&
39 !is_last_spte(ent[i], level)) {
40 struct kvm_mmu_page *child;
41
42 child = page_header(ent[i] & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK);
43 __mmu_spte_walk(vcpu, child, fn, level - 1);
44 }
45 }
46}
47
48static void mmu_spte_walk(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, inspect_spte_fn fn)
49{
50 int i;
51 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
52
53 if (!VALID_PAGE(vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa))
54 return;
55
56 if (vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level == PT64_ROOT_LEVEL) {
57 hpa_t root = vcpu->arch.mmu.root_hpa;
58
59 sp = page_header(root);
60 __mmu_spte_walk(vcpu, sp, fn, PT64_ROOT_LEVEL);
61 return;
62 }
63
64 for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
65 hpa_t root = vcpu->arch.mmu.pae_root[i];
66
67 if (root && VALID_PAGE(root)) {
68 root &= PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK;
69 sp = page_header(root);
70 __mmu_spte_walk(vcpu, sp, fn, 2);
71 }
72 }
73
74 return;
75}
76
77typedef void (*sp_handler) (struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp);
78
79static void walk_all_active_sps(struct kvm *kvm, sp_handler fn)
80{
81 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
82
83 list_for_each_entry(sp, &kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages, link)
84 fn(kvm, sp);
85}
86
87static void audit_mappings(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level)
88{
89 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
90 gfn_t gfn;
91 pfn_t pfn;
92 hpa_t hpa;
93
94 sp = page_header(__pa(sptep));
95
96 if (sp->unsync) {
97 if (level != PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL) {
98 audit_printk(vcpu->kvm, "unsync sp: %p "
99 "level = %d\n", sp, level);
100 return;
101 }
102 }
103
104 if (!is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep) || !is_last_spte(*sptep, level))
105 return;
106
107 gfn = kvm_mmu_page_get_gfn(sp, sptep - sp->spt);
108 pfn = gfn_to_pfn_atomic(vcpu->kvm, gfn);
109
110 if (is_error_pfn(pfn)) {
111 kvm_release_pfn_clean(pfn);
112 return;
113 }
114
115 hpa = pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
116 if ((*sptep & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK) != hpa)
117 audit_printk(vcpu->kvm, "levels %d pfn %llx hpa %llx "
118 "ent %llxn", vcpu->arch.mmu.root_level, pfn,
119 hpa, *sptep);
120}
121
122static void inspect_spte_has_rmap(struct kvm *kvm, u64 *sptep)
123{
124 unsigned long *rmapp;
125 struct kvm_mmu_page *rev_sp;
126 gfn_t gfn;
127
128
129 rev_sp = page_header(__pa(sptep));
130 gfn = kvm_mmu_page_get_gfn(rev_sp, sptep - rev_sp->spt);
131
132 if (!gfn_to_memslot(kvm, gfn)) {
133 if (!printk_ratelimit())
134 return;
135 audit_printk(kvm, "no memslot for gfn %llx\n", gfn);
136 audit_printk(kvm, "index %ld of sp (gfn=%llx)\n",
137 (long int)(sptep - rev_sp->spt), rev_sp->gfn);
138 dump_stack();
139 return;
140 }
141
142 rmapp = gfn_to_rmap(kvm, gfn, rev_sp->role.level);
143 if (!*rmapp) {
144 if (!printk_ratelimit())
145 return;
146 audit_printk(kvm, "no rmap for writable spte %llx\n",
147 *sptep);
148 dump_stack();
149 }
150}
151
152static void audit_sptes_have_rmaps(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level)
153{
154 if (is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep) && is_last_spte(*sptep, level))
155 inspect_spte_has_rmap(vcpu->kvm, sptep);
156}
157
158static void audit_spte_after_sync(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level)
159{
160 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp = page_header(__pa(sptep));
161
162 if (vcpu->kvm->arch.audit_point == AUDIT_POST_SYNC && sp->unsync)
163 audit_printk(vcpu->kvm, "meet unsync sp(%p) after sync "
164 "root.\n", sp);
165}
166
167static void check_mappings_rmap(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
168{
169 int i;
170
171 if (sp->role.level != PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL)
172 return;
173
174 for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i) {
175 if (!is_rmap_spte(sp->spt[i]))
176 continue;
177
178 inspect_spte_has_rmap(kvm, sp->spt + i);
179 }
180}
181
182static void audit_write_protection(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
183{
184 struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
185 unsigned long *rmapp;
186 u64 *spte;
187
188 if (sp->role.direct || sp->unsync || sp->role.invalid)
189 return;
190
191 slot = gfn_to_memslot(kvm, sp->gfn);
192 rmapp = &slot->rmap[sp->gfn - slot->base_gfn];
193
194 spte = rmap_next(kvm, rmapp, NULL);
195 while (spte) {
196 if (is_writable_pte(*spte))
197 audit_printk(kvm, "shadow page has writable "
198 "mappings: gfn %llx role %x\n",
199 sp->gfn, sp->role.word);
200 spte = rmap_next(kvm, rmapp, spte);
201 }
202}
203
204static void audit_sp(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
205{
206 check_mappings_rmap(kvm, sp);
207 audit_write_protection(kvm, sp);
208}
209
210static void audit_all_active_sps(struct kvm *kvm)
211{
212 walk_all_active_sps(kvm, audit_sp);
213}
214
215static void audit_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level)
216{
217 audit_sptes_have_rmaps(vcpu, sptep, level);
218 audit_mappings(vcpu, sptep, level);
219 audit_spte_after_sync(vcpu, sptep, level);
220}
221
222static void audit_vcpu_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
223{
224 mmu_spte_walk(vcpu, audit_spte);
225}
226
227static void kvm_mmu_audit(void *ignore, struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int point)
228{
229 static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(ratelimit_state, 5 * HZ, 10);
230
231 if (!__ratelimit(&ratelimit_state))
232 return;
233
234 vcpu->kvm->arch.audit_point = point;
235 audit_all_active_sps(vcpu->kvm);
236 audit_vcpu_spte(vcpu);
237}
238
239static bool mmu_audit;
240
241static void mmu_audit_enable(void)
242{
243 int ret;
244
245 if (mmu_audit)
246 return;
247
248 ret = register_trace_kvm_mmu_audit(kvm_mmu_audit, NULL);
249 WARN_ON(ret);
250
251 mmu_audit = true;
252}
253
254static void mmu_audit_disable(void)
255{
256 if (!mmu_audit)
257 return;
258
259 unregister_trace_kvm_mmu_audit(kvm_mmu_audit, NULL);
260 tracepoint_synchronize_unregister();
261 mmu_audit = false;
262}
263
264static int mmu_audit_set(const char *val, const struct kernel_param *kp)
265{
266 int ret;
267 unsigned long enable;
268
269 ret = strict_strtoul(val, 10, &enable);
270 if (ret < 0)
271 return -EINVAL;
272
273 switch (enable) {
274 case 0:
275 mmu_audit_disable();
276 break;
277 case 1:
278 mmu_audit_enable();
279 break;
280 default:
281 return -EINVAL;
282 }
283
284 return 0;
285}
286
287static struct kernel_param_ops audit_param_ops = {
288 .set = mmu_audit_set,
289 .get = param_get_bool,
290};
291
292module_param_cb(mmu_audit, &audit_param_ops, &mmu_audit, 0644);
1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2/*
3 * mmu_audit.c:
4 *
5 * Audit code for KVM MMU
6 *
7 * Copyright (C) 2006 Qumranet, Inc.
8 * Copyright 2010 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates.
9 *
10 * Authors:
11 * Yaniv Kamay <yaniv@qumranet.com>
12 * Avi Kivity <avi@qumranet.com>
13 * Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
14 * Xiao Guangrong <xiaoguangrong@cn.fujitsu.com>
15 */
16
17#include <linux/ratelimit.h>
18
19static char const *audit_point_name[] = {
20 "pre page fault",
21 "post page fault",
22 "pre pte write",
23 "post pte write",
24 "pre sync",
25 "post sync"
26};
27
28#define audit_printk(kvm, fmt, args...) \
29 printk(KERN_ERR "audit: (%s) error: " \
30 fmt, audit_point_name[kvm->arch.audit_point], ##args)
31
32typedef void (*inspect_spte_fn) (struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level);
33
34static void __mmu_spte_walk(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp,
35 inspect_spte_fn fn, int level)
36{
37 int i;
38
39 for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i) {
40 u64 *ent = sp->spt;
41
42 fn(vcpu, ent + i, level);
43
44 if (is_shadow_present_pte(ent[i]) &&
45 !is_last_spte(ent[i], level)) {
46 struct kvm_mmu_page *child;
47
48 child = page_header(ent[i] & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK);
49 __mmu_spte_walk(vcpu, child, fn, level - 1);
50 }
51 }
52}
53
54static void mmu_spte_walk(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, inspect_spte_fn fn)
55{
56 int i;
57 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
58
59 if (!VALID_PAGE(vcpu->arch.mmu->root_hpa))
60 return;
61
62 if (vcpu->arch.mmu->root_level >= PT64_ROOT_4LEVEL) {
63 hpa_t root = vcpu->arch.mmu->root_hpa;
64
65 sp = page_header(root);
66 __mmu_spte_walk(vcpu, sp, fn, vcpu->arch.mmu->root_level);
67 return;
68 }
69
70 for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
71 hpa_t root = vcpu->arch.mmu->pae_root[i];
72
73 if (root && VALID_PAGE(root)) {
74 root &= PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK;
75 sp = page_header(root);
76 __mmu_spte_walk(vcpu, sp, fn, 2);
77 }
78 }
79
80 return;
81}
82
83typedef void (*sp_handler) (struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp);
84
85static void walk_all_active_sps(struct kvm *kvm, sp_handler fn)
86{
87 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
88
89 list_for_each_entry(sp, &kvm->arch.active_mmu_pages, link)
90 fn(kvm, sp);
91}
92
93static void audit_mappings(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level)
94{
95 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp;
96 gfn_t gfn;
97 kvm_pfn_t pfn;
98 hpa_t hpa;
99
100 sp = page_header(__pa(sptep));
101
102 if (sp->unsync) {
103 if (level != PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL) {
104 audit_printk(vcpu->kvm, "unsync sp: %p "
105 "level = %d\n", sp, level);
106 return;
107 }
108 }
109
110 if (!is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep) || !is_last_spte(*sptep, level))
111 return;
112
113 gfn = kvm_mmu_page_get_gfn(sp, sptep - sp->spt);
114 pfn = kvm_vcpu_gfn_to_pfn_atomic(vcpu, gfn);
115
116 if (is_error_pfn(pfn))
117 return;
118
119 hpa = pfn << PAGE_SHIFT;
120 if ((*sptep & PT64_BASE_ADDR_MASK) != hpa)
121 audit_printk(vcpu->kvm, "levels %d pfn %llx hpa %llx "
122 "ent %llxn", vcpu->arch.mmu->root_level, pfn,
123 hpa, *sptep);
124}
125
126static void inspect_spte_has_rmap(struct kvm *kvm, u64 *sptep)
127{
128 static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(ratelimit_state, 5 * HZ, 10);
129 struct kvm_rmap_head *rmap_head;
130 struct kvm_mmu_page *rev_sp;
131 struct kvm_memslots *slots;
132 struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
133 gfn_t gfn;
134
135 rev_sp = page_header(__pa(sptep));
136 gfn = kvm_mmu_page_get_gfn(rev_sp, sptep - rev_sp->spt);
137
138 slots = kvm_memslots_for_spte_role(kvm, rev_sp->role);
139 slot = __gfn_to_memslot(slots, gfn);
140 if (!slot) {
141 if (!__ratelimit(&ratelimit_state))
142 return;
143 audit_printk(kvm, "no memslot for gfn %llx\n", gfn);
144 audit_printk(kvm, "index %ld of sp (gfn=%llx)\n",
145 (long int)(sptep - rev_sp->spt), rev_sp->gfn);
146 dump_stack();
147 return;
148 }
149
150 rmap_head = __gfn_to_rmap(gfn, rev_sp->role.level, slot);
151 if (!rmap_head->val) {
152 if (!__ratelimit(&ratelimit_state))
153 return;
154 audit_printk(kvm, "no rmap for writable spte %llx\n",
155 *sptep);
156 dump_stack();
157 }
158}
159
160static void audit_sptes_have_rmaps(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level)
161{
162 if (is_shadow_present_pte(*sptep) && is_last_spte(*sptep, level))
163 inspect_spte_has_rmap(vcpu->kvm, sptep);
164}
165
166static void audit_spte_after_sync(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level)
167{
168 struct kvm_mmu_page *sp = page_header(__pa(sptep));
169
170 if (vcpu->kvm->arch.audit_point == AUDIT_POST_SYNC && sp->unsync)
171 audit_printk(vcpu->kvm, "meet unsync sp(%p) after sync "
172 "root.\n", sp);
173}
174
175static void check_mappings_rmap(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
176{
177 int i;
178
179 if (sp->role.level != PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL)
180 return;
181
182 for (i = 0; i < PT64_ENT_PER_PAGE; ++i) {
183 if (!is_shadow_present_pte(sp->spt[i]))
184 continue;
185
186 inspect_spte_has_rmap(kvm, sp->spt + i);
187 }
188}
189
190static void audit_write_protection(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
191{
192 struct kvm_rmap_head *rmap_head;
193 u64 *sptep;
194 struct rmap_iterator iter;
195 struct kvm_memslots *slots;
196 struct kvm_memory_slot *slot;
197
198 if (sp->role.direct || sp->unsync || sp->role.invalid)
199 return;
200
201 slots = kvm_memslots_for_spte_role(kvm, sp->role);
202 slot = __gfn_to_memslot(slots, sp->gfn);
203 rmap_head = __gfn_to_rmap(sp->gfn, PT_PAGE_TABLE_LEVEL, slot);
204
205 for_each_rmap_spte(rmap_head, &iter, sptep) {
206 if (is_writable_pte(*sptep))
207 audit_printk(kvm, "shadow page has writable "
208 "mappings: gfn %llx role %x\n",
209 sp->gfn, sp->role.word);
210 }
211}
212
213static void audit_sp(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_mmu_page *sp)
214{
215 check_mappings_rmap(kvm, sp);
216 audit_write_protection(kvm, sp);
217}
218
219static void audit_all_active_sps(struct kvm *kvm)
220{
221 walk_all_active_sps(kvm, audit_sp);
222}
223
224static void audit_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 *sptep, int level)
225{
226 audit_sptes_have_rmaps(vcpu, sptep, level);
227 audit_mappings(vcpu, sptep, level);
228 audit_spte_after_sync(vcpu, sptep, level);
229}
230
231static void audit_vcpu_spte(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
232{
233 mmu_spte_walk(vcpu, audit_spte);
234}
235
236static bool mmu_audit;
237static struct static_key mmu_audit_key;
238
239static void __kvm_mmu_audit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int point)
240{
241 static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(ratelimit_state, 5 * HZ, 10);
242
243 if (!__ratelimit(&ratelimit_state))
244 return;
245
246 vcpu->kvm->arch.audit_point = point;
247 audit_all_active_sps(vcpu->kvm);
248 audit_vcpu_spte(vcpu);
249}
250
251static inline void kvm_mmu_audit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int point)
252{
253 if (static_key_false((&mmu_audit_key)))
254 __kvm_mmu_audit(vcpu, point);
255}
256
257static void mmu_audit_enable(void)
258{
259 if (mmu_audit)
260 return;
261
262 static_key_slow_inc(&mmu_audit_key);
263 mmu_audit = true;
264}
265
266static void mmu_audit_disable(void)
267{
268 if (!mmu_audit)
269 return;
270
271 static_key_slow_dec(&mmu_audit_key);
272 mmu_audit = false;
273}
274
275static int mmu_audit_set(const char *val, const struct kernel_param *kp)
276{
277 int ret;
278 unsigned long enable;
279
280 ret = kstrtoul(val, 10, &enable);
281 if (ret < 0)
282 return -EINVAL;
283
284 switch (enable) {
285 case 0:
286 mmu_audit_disable();
287 break;
288 case 1:
289 mmu_audit_enable();
290 break;
291 default:
292 return -EINVAL;
293 }
294
295 return 0;
296}
297
298static const struct kernel_param_ops audit_param_ops = {
299 .set = mmu_audit_set,
300 .get = param_get_bool,
301};
302
303arch_param_cb(mmu_audit, &audit_param_ops, &mmu_audit, 0644);